SILABS C8051F326 Full speed usb, 16 kb flash mcu family Datasheet

C8051F326/7
Full Speed USB, 16 kB Flash MCU Family
USB Function Controller
- USB specification 2.0 compliant
- Full speed (12 Mbps) or low speed (1.5 Mbps)
-
High-Speed 8051 µC Core
- Pipelined instruction architecture; executes 70% of
instructions in 1 or 2 system clocks
- Up to 25 MIPS throughput with 25 MHz clock
- Expanded interrupt handler
Memory
- 1536 bytes internal RAM
operation
Integrated clock recovery; no external crystal
required for full speed or low speed
Supports three fixed-function endpoints
256 Byte USB buffer memory
Integrated transceiver; no external resistors
required
-
On-Chip Debug
- On-chip debug circuitry facilitates full speed,
-
non-intrusive in-system debug (no emulator
required)
Provides breakpoints, single stepping,
inspect/modify memory and registers
Superior performance to emulation systems using
ICE-chips, target pods, and sockets
Voltage Supply Input: 2.7 to 5.25 V
- Voltages from 3.6 to 5.25 V supported using
Digital Peripherals
- 15 Port I/O; All 5 V tolerant with high sink current
- Enhanced UART
- Two general purpose 16-bit timers
Clock Sources
- Internal oscillator: 0.25% accuracy with clock
-
On-Chip Voltage Regulator
(1 k + 256 + 256 USB FIFO)
16k bytes Flash; In-system programmable in
512-byte sectors
recovery enabled. Supports all USB and UART
modes
External CMOS clock
Can switch between clock sources on-the-fly; useful
in power saving strategies
Packages
- 28-pin QFN
- Temperature Range: –40 to +85 °C
ANALOG
PERIPHERALS
DIGITAL I/O
Port 0
UART
Timer 0
Timer 1
VREG
Port 2
Port 3
USB Controller / Transceiver
PRECISION INTERNAL
OSCILLATOR
LOW FREQUENCY
OSCILLATOR
HIGH-SPEED CONTROLLER CORE
16 KB
ISP FLASH
8
INTERRUPTS
Rev. 1.1 8/08
8051 CPU
(25MIPS)
DEBUG
CIRCUITRY
1536 B
SRAM
POR
Copyright © 2008 by Silicon Laboratories
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Table of Contents
1. System Overview.................................................................................................... 13
1.1. CIP-51™ Microcontroller Core.......................................................................... 17
1.1.1. Fully 8051 Compatible.............................................................................. 17
1.1.2. Improved Throughput ............................................................................... 17
1.1.3. Additional Features .................................................................................. 18
1.2. On-Chip Memory............................................................................................... 19
1.3. Universal Serial Bus Controller ......................................................................... 20
1.4. Voltage Regulator ............................................................................................. 20
1.5. On-Chip Debug Circuitry................................................................................... 21
1.6. Programmable Digital I/O.................................................................................. 22
1.7. Serial Ports ....................................................................................................... 22
2. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................................. 23
3. Global DC Electrical Characteristics .................................................................... 24
4. Pinout and Package Definitions............................................................................ 25
5. Voltage Regulator (REG0)...................................................................................... 31
5.1. Regulator Mode Selection................................................................................. 31
5.2. VBUS Detection ................................................................................................ 31
6. CIP-51 Microcontroller .......................................................................................... 35
6.1. Instruction Set ................................................................................................... 36
6.1.1. Instruction and CPU Timing ..................................................................... 36
6.1.2. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory ................................................. 37
6.2. Memory Organization........................................................................................ 41
6.2.1. Program Memory...................................................................................... 41
6.2.2. Data Memory............................................................................................ 42
6.2.3. General Purpose Registers ...................................................................... 42
6.2.4. Bit Addressable Locations........................................................................ 42
6.2.5. Stack ....................................................................................................... 42
6.2.6. Special Function Registers....................................................................... 43
6.2.7. Register Descriptions ............................................................................... 45
6.3. Interrupt Handler ............................................................................................... 48
6.3.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors ........................................................ 48
6.3.2. External Interrupts .................................................................................... 49
6.3.3. Interrupt Priorities ..................................................................................... 49
6.3.4. Interrupt Latency ...................................................................................... 49
6.3.5. Interrupt Register Descriptions................................................................. 50
6.4. Power Management Modes .............................................................................. 55
6.4.1. Idle Mode.................................................................................................. 55
6.4.2. Stop Mode ................................................................................................ 55
7. Reset Sources ....................................................................................................... 57
7.1. Power-On Reset ............................................................................................... 58
7.2. Power-Fail Reset / VDD Monitor....................................................................... 59
7.3. External Reset .................................................................................................. 60
7.4. Missing Clock Detector Reset........................................................................... 60
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7.5. Flash Error Reset.............................................................................................. 60
7.6. Software Reset ................................................................................................. 60
7.7. USB Reset ........................................................................................................ 60
8. Flash Memory ....................................................................................................... 63
8.1. Programming The Flash Memory ..................................................................... 63
8.1.1. Flash Lock and Key Functions ................................................................. 63
8.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure............................................................................. 63
8.1.3. Flash Write Procedure.............................................................................. 64
8.2. Non-volatile Data Storage................................................................................. 65
8.3. Security Options................................................................................................ 65
9. External RAM ........................................................................................................ 69
9.1. Accessing User XRAM...................................................................................... 69
9.2. Accessing USB FIFO Space............................................................................. 70
10. Oscillators ............................................................................................................... 71
10.1.Programmable Internal Oscillator ..................................................................... 71
10.1.1.Adjusting the Internal Oscillator on C8051F326/7 Devices...................... 72
10.1.2.Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode ............................................................ 72
10.2.Internal Low-Frequency (L-F) Oscillator ........................................................... 74
10.3.CMOS External Clock Input.............................................................................. 74
10.4.4x Clock Multiplier ............................................................................................ 75
10.5.System and USB Clock Selection .................................................................... 76
10.5.1.System Clock Selection ........................................................................... 76
10.5.2.USB Clock Selection ................................................................................ 76
11. Port Input/Output .................................................................................................. 79
11.1.Port I/O Initialization ......................................................................................... 81
11.2.General Purpose Port I/O ................................................................................. 81
12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)................................................................ 87
12.1.Endpoint Addressing ........................................................................................ 88
12.2.USB Transceiver .............................................................................................. 88
12.3.USB Register Access ....................................................................................... 90
12.4.USB Clock Configuration.................................................................................. 94
12.5.FIFO Management ........................................................................................... 95
12.5.1.FIFO Split Mode ....................................................................................... 95
12.5.2.FIFO Double Buffering ............................................................................. 95
12.5.3.FIFO Access ............................................................................................ 96
12.6.Function Addressing......................................................................................... 97
12.7.Function Configuration and Control.................................................................. 98
12.8.Interrupts ........................................................................................................ 101
12.9.The Serial Interface Engine ............................................................................ 104
12.10. Endpoint0..................................................................................................... 104
12.10.1.Endpoint0 SETUP Transactions .......................................................... 104
12.10.2.Endpoint0 IN Transactions................................................................... 105
12.10.3.Endpoint0 OUT Transactions............................................................... 105
12.11.Configuring Endpoint1 .................................................................................. 108
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12.12.Controlling Endpoint1 IN............................................................................... 108
12.12.1.Endpoint1 IN Interrupt or Bulk Mode.................................................... 108
12.12.2.Endpoint1 IN Isochronous Mode.......................................................... 108
12.13.Controlling Endpoint1 OUT........................................................................... 112
12.13.1.Endpoint1 OUT Interrupt or Bulk Mode................................................ 112
12.13.2.Endpoint1 OUT Isochronous Mode...................................................... 112
13. UART0.................................................................................................................... 117
13.1.Baud Rate Generator ..................................................................................... 118
13.2.Data Format.................................................................................................... 120
13.3.Configuration and Operation .......................................................................... 121
13.3.1.Data Transmission ................................................................................. 121
13.3.2.Data Reception ...................................................................................... 121
13.3.3.Multiprocessor Communications ............................................................ 122
14. Timers ................................................................................................................... 127
14.1.Timer 0 and Timer 1 Operating Modes........................................................... 127
14.1.1.Mode 0: 13-bit Timer .............................................................................. 128
14.1.2.Mode 1: 16-bit Timer .............................................................................. 129
14.1.3.Mode 2: 8-bit Timer with Auto-Reload.................................................... 129
14.1.4.Mode 3: Two 8-bit Timers (Timer 0 Only) .............................................. 130
15. C2 Interface ........................................................................................................... 135
15.1.C2 Interface Registers.................................................................................... 135
15.2.C2 Pin Sharing ............................................................................................... 137
Document Change List............................................................................................. 138
Contact Information.................................................................................................. 140
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List of Figures
1. System Overview
Figure 1.1. C8051F326 Block Diagram .................................................................... 14
Figure 1.2. C8051F327 Block Diagram .................................................................... 15
Figure 1.3. Typical Connections for the C8051F326................................................ 16
Figure 1.4. Typical Connections for the C8051F327................................................ 16
Figure 1.5. Comparison of Peak MCU Execution Speeds ....................................... 17
Figure 1.6. On-Chip Clock and Reset ...................................................................... 18
Figure 1.7. On-Board Memory Map.......................................................................... 19
Figure 1.8. USB Controller Block Diagram............................................................... 20
Figure 1.9. Development/In-System Debug Diagram............................................... 21
2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
3. Global DC Electrical Characteristics
4. Pinout and Package Definitions
Figure 4.1. C8051F326 QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View) .................................. 27
Figure 4.2. C8051F327 QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View) .................................. 28
Figure 4.3. QFN-28 Package Drawing ..................................................................... 29
Figure 4.4. QFN-28 Recommended PCB Land Pattern ........................................... 30
5. Voltage Regulator (REG0)
Figure 5.1. REG0 Configuration: USB Bus-Powered ............................................... 32
Figure 5.2. REG0 Configuration: USB Self-Powered ............................................... 32
Figure 5.3. REG0 Configuration: USB Self-Powered, Regulator Disabled .............. 33
Figure 5.4. REG0 Configuration: No USB Connection............................................. 33
6. CIP-51 Microcontroller
Figure 6.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram............................................................................ 35
Figure 6.2. Memory Map .......................................................................................... 41
7. Reset Sources
Figure 7.1. Reset Sources........................................................................................ 57
Figure 7.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing ............................................ 58
8. Flash Memory
Figure 8.1. Flash Program Memory Map and Security Byte .................................... 66
9. External RAM
Figure 9.1. External Ram Memory Map ................................................................... 69
Figure 9.2. XRAM Memory Map Expanded View..................................................... 70
10. Oscillators
Figure 10.1. Oscillator Diagram................................................................................ 71
11. Port Input/Output
Figure 11.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram ....................................................... 79
Figure 11.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram ................................................................. 80
12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)
Figure 12.1. USB0 Block Diagram............................................................................ 87
Figure 12.2. USB0 Register Access Scheme........................................................... 90
Figure 12.3. USB FIFO Allocation ............................................................................ 95
13. UART0
Figure 13.1. UART0 Block Diagram ....................................................................... 117
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Figure 13.2. UART0 Timing Without Parity or Extra Bit.......................................... 120
Figure 13.3. UART0 Timing With Parity ................................................................. 120
Figure 13.4. UART0 Timing With Extra Bit ............................................................. 120
Figure 13.5. Typical UART Interconnect Diagram.................................................. 121
Figure 13.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram .......................... 122
14. Timers
Figure 14.1. T0 Mode 0 Block Diagram.................................................................. 128
Figure 14.2. T0 Mode 2 Block Diagram.................................................................. 129
Figure 14.3. T0 Mode 3 Block Diagram.................................................................. 130
15. C2 Interface
Figure 15.1. Typical C2 Pin Sharing....................................................................... 137
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List of Tables
1. System Overview
Table 1.1. Product Selection Guide ......................................................................... 13
2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 2.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings .................................................................... 23
3. Global DC Electrical Characteristics
Table 3.1. Global DC Electrical Characteristics ....................................................... 24
4. Pinout and Package Definitions
Table 4.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F326/7 ....................................................... 25
Table 4.2. QFN-28 Package Dimensions ................................................................ 29
Table 4.3. QFN-28 PCB Land Pattern Dimesions ................................................... 30
5. Voltage Regulator (REG0)
Table 5.1. Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
6. CIP-51 Microcontroller
Table 6.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary ............................................................ 37
Table 6.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map ...................................... 43
Table 6.3. Special Function Registers ..................................................................... 43
Table 6.4. TMOD.3 Control of /INT0 ........................................................................ 49
Table 6.5. Interrupt Summary .................................................................................. 50
7. Reset Sources
Table 7.1. Reset Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
8. Flash Memory
Table 8.1. Flash Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
9. External RAM
10. Oscillators
Table 10.1. Typical USB Full Speed Clock Settings ................................................ 76
Table 10.2. Typical USB Low Speed Clock Settings ............................................... 76
Table 10.3. Internal Oscillator Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
11. Port Input/Output
Table 11.1. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics (C8051F326) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Table 11.2. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics (C8051F327) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)
Table 12.1. Endpoint Addressing Scheme .............................................................. 88
Table 12.2. USB0 Controller Registers ................................................................... 93
Table 12.3. FIFO Configurations ............................................................................. 95
Table 12.4. USB Transceiver Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
13. UART0
Table 13.1. Baud Rate Generator Settings for Standard Baud Rates ................... 119
14. Timers
Table 14.1. Timer Modes ....................................................................................... 127
Table 14.2. Timer 0 Operation ............................................................................... 128
15. C2 Interface
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List of Registers
SFR Definition 5.1. REG0CN: Voltage Regulator Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SFR Definition 6.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
SFR Definition 6.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
SFR Definition 6.3. SP: Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
SFR Definition 6.4. PSW: Program Status Word . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
SFR Definition 6.5. ACC: Accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
SFR Definition 6.6. B: B Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SFR Definition 6.7. IE: Interrupt Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
SFR Definition 6.8. IP: Interrupt Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
SFR Definition 6.9. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
SFR Definition 6.10. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
SFR Definition 6.11. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
SFR Definition 6.12. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
SFR Definition 6.13. PCON: Power Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
SFR Definition 7.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
SFR Definition 7.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
SFR Definition 8.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
SFR Definition 8.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
SFR Definition 8.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
SFR Definition 9.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
SFR Definition 10.1. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
SFR Definition 10.2. OSCICL: Internal Oscillator Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
SFR Definition 10.3. OSCLCN: Internal L-F Oscillator Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
SFR Definition 10.4. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
SFR Definition 10.5. CLKSEL: Clock Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
SFR Definition 11.1. GPIOCN: Global Port I/O Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
SFR Definition 11.2. P0: Port0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
SFR Definition 11.3. P0MDOUT: Port0 Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
SFR Definition 11.4. P2: Port2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
SFR Definition 11.5. P2MDOUT: Port2 Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
SFR Definition 11.6. P3: Port3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
SFR Definition 11.7. P3MDOUT: Port3 Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
USB Register Definition 12.1. USB0XCN: USB0 Transceiver Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
USB Register Definition 12.2. USB0ADR: USB0 Indirect Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
USB Register Definition 12.3. USB0DAT: USB0 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
USB Register Definition 12.4. INDEX: USB0 Endpoint Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
USB Register Definition 12.5. CLKREC: Clock Recovery Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
USB Register Definition 12.6. FIFOn: USB0 Endpoint FIFO Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
USB Register Definition 12.7. FADDR: USB0 Function Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
USB Register Definition 12.8. POWER: USB0 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
USB Register Definition 12.9. FRAMEL: USB0 Frame Number Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
USB Register Definition 12.10. FRAMEH: USB0 Frame Number High . . . . . . . . . . . 100
USB Register Definition 12.11. IN1INT: USB0 IN Endpoint Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
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USB Register Definition 12.12. OUT1INT: USB0 Out Endpoint Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . 101
USB Register Definition 12.13. CMINT: USB0 Common Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
USB Register Definition 12.14. IN1IE: USB0 IN Endpoint Interrupt Enable . . . . . . . . 102
USB Register Definition 12.15. OUT1IE: USB0 Out Endpoint Interrupt Enable . . . . . 103
USB Register Definition 12.16. CMIE: USB0 Common Interrupt Enable . . . . . . . . . . 103
USB Register Definition 12.17. E0CSR: USB0 Endpoint0 Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
USB Register Definition 12.18. E0CNT: USB0 Endpoint 0 Data Count . . . . . . . . . . . 107
USB Register Definition 12.19. EINCSRL: USB0 IN Endpoint Control Low Byte . . . . 110
USB Register Definition 12.20. EINCSRH: USB0 IN Endpoint Control High Byte . . . 111
USB Register Definition 12.21. EOUTCSRL: USB0 OUT Endpoint Control Low Byte 113
USB Register Definition 12.22. EOUTCSRH: USB0 OUT
Endpoint Control High Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
USB Register Definition 12.23. EOUTCNTL: USB0 OUT Endpoint Count Low . . . . . 114
USB Register Definition 12.24. EOUTCNTH: USB0 OUT Endpoint Count High . . . . 114
SFR Definition 13.1. SCON0: UART0 Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
SFR Definition 13.2. SMOD0: UART0 Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
SFR Definition 13.3. SBUF0: UART0 Data Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
SFR Definition 13.4. SBCON0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control . . . . . . . . . . . 125
SFR Definition 13.5. SBRLH0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator High Byte . . . . . . . . . . 126
SFR Definition 13.6. SBRLL0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Low Byte . . . . . . . . . . . 126
SFR Definition 14.1. TCON: Timer Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
SFR Definition 14.2. TMOD: Timer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
SFR Definition 14.3. CKCON: Clock Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
SFR Definition 14.4. TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
SFR Definition 14.5. TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
SFR Definition 14.6. TH0: Timer 0 High Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
SFR Definition 14.7. TH1: Timer 1 High Byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
C2 Register Definition 15.1. C2ADD: C2 Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
C2 Register Definition 15.2. DEVICEID: C2 Device ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
C2 Register Definition 15.3. REVID: C2 Revision ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
C2 Register Definition 15.4. FPCTL: C2 Flash Programming Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
C2 Register Definition 15.5. FPDAT: C2 Flash Programming Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
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1.
System Overview
C8051F326/7 devices are fully integrated mixed-signal system-on-a-chip MCUs. Highlighted features are
listed below. Refer to Table 1.1 for specific product feature selection.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High-speed pipelined 8051-compatible microcontroller core (up to 25 MIPS)
In-system, full-speed, non-intrusive debug interface (on-chip)
Universal serial bus (USB) function controller with three fixed-function endpoint pipes, integrated transceiver, and 256B FIFO RAM
Supply voltage regulator
Precision programmable 12 MHz internal oscillator and 4x clock multiplier
16k kB of on-chip Flash memory
1536 total bytes of on-chip RAM (256 + 1 k + 256 USB FIFO)
Enhanced UART, serial interfaces implemented in hardware
Two general-purpose 16-bit timers
On-chip power-on reset, VDD monitor, and missing clock detector
15 Port I/O (5 V tolerant)
With on-chip power-on reset, VDD monitor, voltage regulator, and clock oscillator, C8051F326/7 devices
are truly stand-alone System-on-a-Chip solutions. The Flash memory can be reprogrammed in-circuit, providing non-volatile data storage, and also allowing field upgrades of the 8051 firmware. User software has
complete control of all peripherals, and may individually shut down any or all peripherals for power savings.
The on-chip Silicon Laboratories 2-Wire (C2) Development Interface allows non-intrusive (uses no on-chip
resources), full speed, in-circuit debugging using the production MCU installed in the final application. This
debug logic supports inspection and modification of memory and registers, setting breakpoints, single
stepping, run and halt commands. All analog and digital peripherals are fully functional while debugging
using C2. The two C2 interface pins can be shared with user functions, allowing in-system debugging without occupying package pins.
Each device is specified for 2.7–5.25 V operation over the industrial temperature range (–40 to +85 °C).
For voltages above 3.6 V, the on-chip Voltage Regulator must be used. A minimum of 3.0 V is required for
USB communication. The Port I/O and RST pins are tolerant of input signals up to 5 V. C8051F326/7 are
available in two 28-pin QFN packages with different pinouts. The RoHS compliant devices are marked with
a -GM suffix in the part number. The port I/O on C8051F326 devices is powered from a separate I/O supply
allowing it to interface to low voltage logic.
Ordering Part
Number
MIPS (Peak)
Flash Memory
RAM
Calibrated Internal
Oscillator
USB
Supply Voltage
Regulator
UART
Timers (16-bit)
Digital Port I/Os
Separate I/O Supply
Package
Table 1.1. Product Selection Guide
C8051F326-GM
25
16k
1536
3
3
3
3
2
15
3
QFN-28
C8051F327-GM
25
16k
1536
3
3
3
3
2
15
—
QFN-28
Rev. 1.1
13
C8051F326/7
VIO
REGIN
5.0 V
Voltage
IN
Regulator
Port 0
Latch
Enable
UART
OUT
VDD
Analog/Digital
Power
/SYSCLK
P
0
D
r
v
P0.0/SYSCLK
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3/XTAL2
P0.4/TX
P0.5/RX
P0.6
P0.7
GND
Timer 0,1
C2D
Debug HW
Reset
/RST/C2CK
POR
BrownOut
XTAL2
System
Clock
x4
16 kB
FLASH
256 byte
SRAM
1 kB
XRAM
Low Freq
Oscillator
12 MHz
Internal
Oscillator
8
0
5
1
2
C
o
r SFR Bus
e
P
2
Port 2
Latch
P
3
Port 3
Latch
1,2,3,4
2
Clock
Recovery
D+
D-
VBUS
USB Clock
XTAL2
USB
Transceiver
USB
Controller
256 byte
USB SRAM
Figure 1.1. C8051F326 Block Diagram
14
Rev. 1.1
D
r
v
D
r
v
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P3.0/C2D
C8051F326/7
REGIN
5.0 V
Voltage
IN
Regulator
Port 0
Latch
Enable
UART
OUT
VDD
Analog/Digital
Power
/SYSCLK
P
0
D
r
v
P0.0/SYSCLK
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3/XTAL2
P0.4/TX
P0.5/RX
P0.6
P0.7
GND
Timer 0,1
C2D
Debug HW
Reset
/RST/C2CK
POR
BrownOut
XTAL2
System
Clock
x4
16 kB
FLASH
256 byte
SRAM
1 kB
XRAM
Low Freq
Oscillator
12 MHz
Internal
Oscillator
8
0
5
1
2
C
o
r SFR Bus
e
P
2
Port 2
Latch
P
3
Port 3
Latch
1,2,3,4
2
Clock
Recovery
D+
D-
VBUS
D
r
v
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P3.0/C2D
D
r
v
USB Clock
XTAL2
USB
Transceiver
USB
Controller
256 byte
USB SRAM
Figure 1.2. C8051F327 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.1
15
C8051F326/7
Figure 1.3. Typical Connections for the C8051F326
Figure 1.4. Typical Connections for the C8051F327
16
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
1.1.
CIP-51™ Microcontroller Core
1.1.1. Fully 8051 Compatible
The C8051F326/7 family utilizes Silicon Laboratories' proprietary CIP-51 microcontroller core. The CIP-51
is fully compatible with the MCS-51™ instruction set; standard 803x/805x assemblers and compilers can
be used to develop software. The CIP-51 core offers all the peripherals included with a standard 8052,
including two 16-bit counter/timers, a full-duplex UART with extended baud rate configuration, 1536 bytes
of on-chip RAM, 128 byte Special Function Register (SFR) address space, and 15 I/O pins.
1.1.2. Improved Throughput
The CIP-51 employs a pipelined architecture that greatly increases its instruction throughput over the standard 8051 architecture. In a standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take 12 or 24 system
clock cycles to execute with a maximum system clock of 12-to-24 MHz. By contrast, the CIP-51 core executes 70% of its instructions in one or two system clock cycles, with only four instructions taking more than
four system clock cycles.
The CIP-51 has a total of 109 instructions. The table below shows the total number of instructions that
require each execution time.
Clocks to Execute
1
2
2/3
3
3/4
4
4/5
5
8
Number of Instructions
26
50
5
14
7
3
1
2
1
With the CIP-51's maximum system clock at 25 MHz, it has a peak throughput of 25 MIPS. Figure 1.5
shows a comparison of peak throughputs for various 8-bit microcontroller cores with their maximum system clocks.
25
MIPS
20
15
10
5
Silicon Labs Microchip
Philips
ADuC812
CIP-51
PIC17C75x
80C51
8051
(25 MHz clk) (33 MHz clk) (33 MHz clk) (16 MHz clk)
Figure 1.5. Comparison of Peak MCU Execution Speeds
Rev. 1.1
17
C8051F326/7
1.1.3. Additional Features
The C8051F326/7 SoC family includes several key enhancements to the CIP-51 core and peripherals to
improve performance and ease of use in end applications.
The extended interrupt handler provides 8 interrupt sources into the CIP-51. An interrupt driven system
requires less intervention by the MCU, giving it more effective throughput. The interrupt sources are very
useful when building multi-tasking, real-time systems.
Seven reset sources are available: power-on reset circuitry (POR), an on-chip VDD monitor (forces reset
when power supply voltage drops below VRST as given in Table 7.1 on page 62), the USB controller (USB
bus reset or a VBUS transition), a Missing Clock Detector, a forced software reset, an external reset pin,
and an errant Flash read/write protection circuit. Each reset source except for the POR, Reset Input Pin, or
Flash error may be disabled by the user in software.
The internal oscillator is factory calibrated to 12 MHz ±1.5%, and the internal oscillator period may be user
programmed in ~0.25% increments. An additional low-frequency oscillator is also available which facilitates low power operation. A clock recovery mechanism allows the internal oscillator to be used with the 4x
Clock Multiplier as the USB clock source in Full Speed mode; the internal oscillator can also be used as
the USB clock source in Low Speed mode. An external CMOS clock may also be used with the 4x Clock
Multiplier. The system clock may be configured to use the internal oscillator, external clock, low-frequency
oscillator, or the Clock Multiplier output divided by 2. If desired, the system clock source may be switched
on-the-fly between oscillator sources. The external clock and internal low-frequency oscillator can be
extremely useful in low power applications, allowing the MCU to run from a slow (power saving) clock
source, while periodically switching to the high-frequency internal oscillator as needed.
VDD
Supply
Monitor
+
-
Enable
Power On
Reset
M issing
Clock
Detector
(oneshot)
Internal
Oscillator
XTAL2
External
Clock Input
(Software Reset)
SW RSF
Errant
FLASH
Operation
MCD
Enable
System
Clock
Clock Select
CIP-51
M icrocontroller
Core
System Reset
Extended Interrupt
Handler
Figure 1.6. On-Chip Clock and Reset
18
(wired-OR)
Reset
Funnel
EN
Low
Frequency
Oscillator
'0'
Rev. 1.1
/RST
C8051F326/7
1.2.
On-Chip Memory
The CIP-51 has a standard 8051 program and data address configuration. It includes 256 bytes of data
RAM, with the upper 128 bytes dual-mapped. Indirect addressing accesses the upper 128 bytes of general
purpose RAM, and direct addressing accesses the 128 byte SFR address space. The lower 128 bytes of
RAM are accessible via direct and indirect addressing. The first 32 bytes are addressable as four banks of
general purpose registers, and the next 16 bytes can be byte addressable or bit addressable.
Program memory consists of 16k bytes of Flash. This memory may be reprogrammed in-system in 512
byte sectors, and requires no special off-chip programming voltage. See Figure 1.7 for the MCU system
memory map.
DATA MEMORY (RAM)
INTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
PROGRAM/DATA MEMORY
(FLASH)
0x3FFF
0x3E00
0xFF
RESERVED
0x3DFF
0x80
0x7F
Upper 128 RAM
(Indirect Addressing
Only)
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
16K FLASH
0x30
0x2F
(In-System
Programmable in 512
Byte Sectors)
0x20
0x1F
0x00
Bit Addressable
Special Function
Register's
(Direct Addressing Only)
Lower 128 RAM
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
General Purpose
Registers
EXTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
0x0000
0xFFFF
USB FIFOs
256 Bytes
Accessible through
USB Registers Only
Same 1024 bytes as from
0x0000 to 0x03FF, wrapped
on 1K-byte boundaries
0x0400
0x03FF
0x0000
XRAM - 1024 Bytes
(accessable using MOVX
instruction)
Figure 1.7. On-Board Memory Map
Rev. 1.1
19
C8051F326/7
1.3.
Universal Serial Bus Controller
The Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0) is a USB 2.0 peripheral with integrated transceiver and endpoint FIFO RAM. The controller supports both full and low speed modes. A total of three endpoint pipes are
available: a bi-directional control endpoint (Endpoint0) and a data endpoint (Endpoint1) with one IN pipe
and one OUT pipe.
A 256 block of XRAM is used as dedicated USB FIFO space. This FIFO space is distributed between
Endpoint0 and Endpoint1. Endpoint0 is 64 bytes, and Endpoint1 has a 64 byte IN pipe and a 128 byte OUT
pipe.
USB0 can be operated as a Full or Low Speed function. The on-chip 4x Clock Multiplier and clock recovery
circuitry allow both Full and Low Speed options to be implemented with the on-chip precision oscillator as
the USB clock source. An external clock source can also be used with the 4x Clock Multiplier to generate
the USB clock.
The USB Transceiver is USB 2.0 compliant, and includes on-chip matching and pullup resistors. The pullup resistors can be enabled/disabled in software, and will appear on the D+ or D– pin according to the
software-selected speed setting (full or low speed).
Transceiver
Serial Interface Engine (SIE)
Endpoint0
VDD
IN/OUT
D+
Data
Transfer
Control
D-
Endpoint1
IN
USB
Control,
Status, and
Interrupt
Registers
CIP-51 Core
OUT
USB FIFOs
(256B RAM)
Figure 1.8. USB Controller Block Diagram
1.4.
Voltage Regulator
C8051F326/7 devices include a voltage regulator (REG0). When enabled, the REG0 output appears on
the VDD pin and can be used to power external devices. REG0 can be enabled/disabled by software.
20
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
1.5.
On-Chip Debug Circuitry
C8051F326/7 devices include on-chip Silicon Laboratories 2-Wire (C2) debug circuitry that provides nonintrusive, full speed, in-circuit debugging of the production part installed in the end application.
The Silicon Laboratories' debugging system supports inspection and modification of memory and registers,
breakpoints, and single stepping. No additional target RAM, program memory, timers, or communications
channels are required. All the digital and analog peripherals are functional and work correctly while debugging. All the peripherals (except for the USB) are stalled when the MCU is halted, during single stepping, or
at a breakpoint in order to keep them synchronized.
The C8051F326DK development kit provides all the hardware and software necessary to develop application code and perform in-circuit debugging with the C8051F326/7 MCUs. The kit includes a Windows
development environment, a serial adapter for connecting to the C2 port, and a target application board.
All of the necessary communication cables and a wall-mount power supply are also supplied with the
development kit. The Silicon Laboratories debug environment is a vastly superior configuration for developing and debugging embedded applications compared to standard MCU emulators, which use on-board
"ICE Chips" and target cables and require the MCU in the application board to be socketed. The Silicon
Laboratories debug environment enhances ease of use and preserves the performance of on-chip peripherals.
Silicon Laboratories Integrated
Development Environment
WINDOWS PC
Serial
Adapter
C2 (x2), VDD, GND
VDD GND
TARGET PCB
C8051F326
Figure 1.9. Development/In-System Debug Diagram
Rev. 1.1
21
C8051F326/7
1.6.
Programmable Digital I/O
C8051F326/7 devices include 15 I/O pins (one byte-wide Port, one 6-bit-wide and one 1-bit-wide Port).
The C8051F326/7 Ports behave like typical 8051 Ports with a few enhancements. Each Port pin may be
configured as a digital input or output pin. Pins selected as digital outputs may additionally be configured
for push-pull or open-drain output. The “weak pullups” that are fixed on typical 8051 devices may be globally disabled, providing power savings capabilities.
1.7.
Serial Ports
The C8051F326/7 Family includes a full-duplex UART with enhanced baud rate configuration. The serial
interface is fully implemented in hardware and makes extensive use of the CIP-51's interrupts, thus requiring very little CPU intervention.
22
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
2.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 2.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Ambient Temperature under Bias
–55
—
125
°C
Storage Temperature
–65
—
150
°C
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with
Respect to GND
–0.3
—
5.8
V
Voltage on VDD or VIO with Respect to GND
–0.3
—
4.2
V
Maximum Total Current through VDD, VIO,
and GND
—
—
500
mA
Maximum Output Current Sunk by RST or
any Port Pin
—
—
100
mA
Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions above
those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Rev. 1.1
23
C8051F326/7
3.
Global DC Electrical Characteristics
Table 3.1. Global DC Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +85 °C, 25 MHz System Clock unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
I/O Supply Voltage (VIO)1,2
1.8
3.3
3.6
V
Core Supply Voltage (VDD)3
2.7
3.3
3.6
V
Core Supply Current with CPU
Active
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 24 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 3 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 32 kHz
—
—
—
11
1.9
20
—
—
—
mA
mA
µA
Core Supply Current with CPU
Inactive (not accessing Flash)
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 24 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 3 MHz
VDD = 3.3 V, Clock = 32 kHz
—
—
—
4.4
0.83
13
—
—
—
mA
mA
µA
Digital Supply Current (suspend mode or shutdown mode)
Oscillator not running
—
< 0.1
—
µA
Digital Supply RAM Data Retention Voltage
—
1.5
—
V
SYSCLK (System Clock)4
0
—
25
MHz
TSYSH (SYSCLK High Time)
18
—
—
ns
TSYSL (SYSCLK Low Time)
18
—
—
ns
Specified Operating Temperature Range
–40
—
+85
°C
Notes:
1. The I/O Supply Voltage (VIO) must be less than or equal to the Core Supply Voltage (VDD).
2. For C8051F327 devices, VIO is internally connected to VDD.
3. USB Requires 3.0 V Minimum Core Supply Voltage (VDD).
4. SYSCLK must be at least 32 kHz to enable debugging.
24
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
4.
Pinout and Package Definitions
Table 4.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F326/7
Pin Numbers
Name
‘F326
VDD
6
5
—
2
3
RST/
9
Power
In
2.7–3.6 V Core Supply Voltage Input.
Power
Out
3.3 V Voltage Regulator Output. See Section 5.
Power
In
V I/O Supply Voltage Input. The voltage at this pin must be
less than or equal to the Core Supply Voltage (VDD) for the
'F326. On the 'F327, this pin is internally connected to VDD.
Ground.
D I/O
Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD
monitor. An external source can initiate a system reset by
driving this pin low for at least 15 µs. See Section 7.
D I/O
Clock signal for the C2 Debug Interface.
D I/O
Port 3.0. See Section 11 for a complete description.
D I/O
Bi-directional data signal for the C2 Debug Interface.
9
C2CK
P3.0/
10
Description
6
VIO
GND
Type
‘F327
10
C2D
7
7
Power
In
5 V Regulator Input. This pin is the input to the on-chip voltage regulator.
VBUS
8
8
D In
VBUS Sense Input. This pin should be connected to the
VBUS signal of a USB network. A 5 V signal on this pin indicates a USB network connection.
D+
3
4
D I/O
USB D+.
D–
4
5
D I/O
USB D–.
P0.0
1
2
D I/O
Port 0.0. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P0.1
28
1
D I/O
Port 0.1. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P0.2
27
28
D I/O
Port 0.2. See Section 11 for a complete description.
D I/O
Port 0.3. See Section 11 for a complete description.
D In
External Clock Input. See Section 10 for a complete
description.
REGIN
P0.3/
26
27
XTAL2
P0.4
25
26
D I/O
Port 0.4. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P0.5
24
25
D I/O
Port 0.5. See Section 11 for a complete description.
Rev. 1.1
25
C8051F326/7
Table 4.1. Pin Definitions for the C8051F326/7 (Continued)
Pin Numbers
Name
Type
Description
24
D I/O
Port 0.6. See Section 11 for a complete description.
22
23
D I/O
Port 0.7. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.0
19
19
D I/O
Port 2.0. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.1
18
18
D I/O
Port 2.1. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.2
12
12
D I/O
Port 2.2. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.3
11
11
D I/O
Port 2.3. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.4
17
17
D I/O
Port 2.4. See Section 11 for a complete description.
P2.5
16
16
D I/O
Port 2.5. See Section 11 for a complete description.
‘F326
‘F327
P0.6
23
P0.7
N.C. pins for the ‘F326: 13, 14, 15, 20, and 21.
N.C. pins for the ‘F327: 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, and 22.
26
Rev. 1.1
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
C8051F326/7
P0.0
1
21
N.C.
GND
2
20
N.C.
D+
3
19
P2.0
D-
4
18
P2.1
VIO
5
17
P2.4
VDD
6
16
P2.5
REGIN
7
15
N.C.
C8051F326
Top View
12
13
14
P2.2
N.C.
N.C.
10
P3.0 / C2D
11
9
/RST / C2CK
P2.3
8
VBUS
GND
Figure 4.1. C8051F326 QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
Rev. 1.1
27
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
N.C.
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
C8051F326/7
P0.1
1
21
N.C.
P0.0
2
20
N.C.
GND
3
19
P2.0
D+
4
18
P2.1
D-
5
17
P2.4
VDD
6
16
P2.5
REGIN
7
15
N.C.
C8051F327
Top View
12
13
14
P2.2
N.C.
N.C.
10
P3.0 / C2D
11
9
/RST / C2CK
P2.3
8
VBUS
GND
Figure 4.2. C8051F327 QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View)
28
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
Figure 4.3. QFN-28 Package Drawing
Table 4.2. QFN-28 Package Dimensions
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
Dimension
Min
Typ
Max
A
A1
A3
b
D
D2
e
E
E2
0.80
0.00
0.90
0.02
0.25 REF
0.23
5.00 BSC.
3.15
0.50 BSC.
5.00 BSC.
3.15
1.00
0.05
L
L1
aaa
bbb
ddd
eee
Z
Y
0.35
0.00
0.55
—
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.08
0.44
0.18
0.65
0.15
0.18
2.90
2.90
0.30
3.35
3.35
Notes:
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994.
3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC Solid State Outline MO-220, variation VHHD except for
custom features D2, E2, Z, Y, and L which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020C specification for Small
Body Components.
Rev. 1.1
29
C8051F326/7
Figure 4.4. QFN-28 Recommended PCB Land Pattern
Table 4.3. QFN-28 PCB Land Pattern Dimensions
Dimension
C1
C2
E
X1
Min
Max
Dimension
Min
Max
X2
Y1
Y2
3.20
0.85
3.20
3.30
0.95
3.30
4.80
4.80
0.50
0.20
0.30
Notes:
General
1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing is per the ANSI Y14.5M-1994 specification.
3. This Land Pattern Design is based on the IPC-7351 guidelines.
Solder Mask Design
4. All metal pads are to be non-solder mask defined (NSMD). Clearance between the solder
mask and the metal pad is to be 60μm minimum, all the way around the pad.
Stencil Design
5. A stainless steel, laser-cut and electro-polished stencil with trapezoidal walls should be used
to assure good solder paste release.
6. The stencil thickness should be 0.125mm (5 mils).
7. The ratio of stencil aperture to land pad size should be 1:1 for all perimeter pins.
8. A 3x3 array of 0.90mm openings on a 1.1mm pitch should be used for the center pad to
assure the proper paste volume (67% Paste Coverage).
Card Assembly
9. A No-Clean, Type-3 solder paste is recommended.
10. The recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020C specification for
Small Body Components.
30
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
5.
Voltage Regulator (REG0)
C8051F326/7 devices include a voltage regulator (REG0). When enabled, the REG0 output appears on
the VDD pin and can be used to power external devices. REG0 can be enabled/disabled by software using
bit REGEN in register REG0CN. See Table 5.1 for REG0 electrical characteristics.
The voltage regulator is enabled on reset. When the device is self-powered from a 3V supply net, the regulator may be disabled in order to save power. Important Note: If the voltage at the regulator input
(REGIN) is greater than the Core Supply Voltage (VDD), the voltage regulator should not be disabled. Otherwise, permanent damage to the device may occur.
Note that the VBUS signal must be connected to the VBUS pin when using the device in a USB network.
The VBUS signal should only be connected to the REGIN pin when operating the device as a bus-powered
function. REG0 configuration options are shown in Figure 5.1 - Figure 5.4.
5.1.
Regulator Mode Selection
REG0 offers a low power mode intended for use when the device is in suspend mode. In this low power
mode, the REG0 output remains as specified; however the REG0 dynamic performance (response time) is
degraded. See Table 5.1 for normal and low power mode supply current specifications. The REG0 mode
selection is controlled via the REGMOD bit in register REG0CN.
5.2.
VBUS Detection
When the USB Function Controller is used (see section Section “12. Universal Serial Bus Controller
(USB0)” on page 87), the VBUS signal should be connected to the VBUS pin. The VBSTAT bit (register
REG0CN) indicates the current logic level of the VBUS signal. If enabled, a VBUS interrupt will be generated when the VBUS signal matches the polarity selected by the VBPOL bit in register REG0CN. The
VBUS interrupt is level-sensitive, and has no associated interrupt pending flag. The VBUS interrupt will be
active as long as the VBUS signal matches the polarity selected by VBPOL. See Table 5.1 for VBUS input
parameters.
Important Note: When USB is selected as a reset source, a system reset will be generated when the
VBUS signal matches the polarity selected by the VBPOL bit. See Section “7. Reset Sources” on page 57
for details on selecting USB as a reset source.
Table 5.1. Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications
VDD = 3.0 V; –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Input Voltage Range
Output Voltage
Output Current = 1 to 100 mA
VBUS Detection Input Threshold
Min
Typ
Max
Units
2.7
—
5.25
V
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
1.0
1.8
2.9
V
Bias Current
Normal Mode (REGMOD = ‘0’)
Low Power Mode (REGMOD = ‘1’)
—
—
75
41
111
61
µA
Dropout Voltage (VDO)*
IDD = 1 to 100 mA
—
1
—
mV/mA
*Note: The minimum input voltage is 2.70 V or VDD + VDO (max load), whichever is greater.
Rev. 1.1
31
C8051F326/7
C8051F326/7
VBUS
VBUS Sense
From VBUS
REGIN
1.0 µF
V In
Voltage Regulator (REG0)
0.1 µF
V Out
To 3 V
Power Net
Device
Power Net
VDD
1.0 µF
0.1 µF
Figure 5.1. REG0 Configuration: USB Bus-Powered
C8051F326/7
VBUS
From VBUS
VBUS Sense
From 5 V
Power Net
REGIN
1.0 µF
V In
Voltage Regulator (REG0)
0.1 µF
V Out
To 3 V
Power Net
Device
Power Net
VDD
1.0 µF
0.1 µF
Figure 5.2. REG0 Configuration: USB Self-Powered
32
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
C8051F326/7
VBUS
From VBUS
VBUS Sense
REGIN
1.0 µF
V In
Voltage Regulator (REG0)
0.1 µF
V Out
From 3 V
Power Net
Device
Power Net
VDD
Figure 5.3. REG0 Configuration: USB Self-Powered, Regulator Disabled
C8051F326/7
VBUS
VBUS Sense
From 5 V
Power Net
REGIN
1.0 µF
V In
Voltage Regulator (REG0)
0.1 µF
V Out
To 3 V
Power Net1.0 µF
Device
Power Net
VDD
0.1 µF
Figure 5.4. REG0 Configuration: No USB Connection
Rev. 1.1
33
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 5.1. REG0CN: Voltage Regulator Control
R/W
R
R/W
REGDIS
VBSTAT
VBPOL
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
REGMOD Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 00000000
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xC9
Bit7:
REGDIS: Voltage Regulator Disable.
0: Voltage Regulator Enabled.
1: Voltage Regulator Disabled.
Bit6:
VBSTAT: VBUS Signal Status.
0: VBUS signal currently absent (device not attached to USB network).
1: VBUS signal currently present (device attached to USB network).
Bit5:
VBPOL: VBUS Interrupt Polarity Select.
This bit selects the VBUS interrupt polarity.
0: VBUS interrupt active when VBUS is low.
1: VBUS interrupt active when VBUS is high.
Bit4:
REGMOD: Voltage Regulator Mode Select.
This bit selects the Voltage Regulator mode. When REGMOD is set to ‘1’, the voltage regulator operates in low power (suspend) mode.
0: USB0 Voltage Regulator in normal mode.
1: USB0 Voltage Regulator in low power mode.
Bits3–0: Reserved. Read = 0000b. Must Write = 0000b.
34
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
6.
CIP-51 Microcontroller
The MCU system controller core is the CIP-51 microcontroller. The CIP-51 is fully compatible with the
MCS-51™ instruction set; standard 803x/805x assemblers and compilers can be used to develop software. The MCU family has a superset of all the peripherals included with a standard 8051. Included are
two 16-bit counter/timers (see description in Section “14. Timers” on page 127), an enhanced full-duplex
UART (see description in Section “13. UART0” on page 117), 256 bytes of internal RAM, 128 byte Special
Function Register (SFR) address space (Section “6.2.6. Special Function Registers” on page 43), and 15
Port I/O (see description in Section “11. Port Input/Output” on page 79). The CIP-51 also includes on-chip
debug hardware (see description in Section “15. C2 Interface” on page 135), and interfaces directly with
the USB and other digital subsystems providing a complete solution in a single integrated circuit.
The CIP-51 Microcontroller core implements the standard 8051 organization and peripherals as well as
additional custom peripherals and functions to extend its capability (see Figure 6.1 for a block diagram).
The CIP-51 includes the following features:
- Fully Compatible with MCS-51 Instruction
- 15 Port I/O
Set
- Extended Interrupt Handler
- 25 MIPS Peak Throughput with 25 MHz
- Reset Input
Clock
- Power Management Modes
- 0 to 25 MHz Clock Frequency
- On-chip Debug Logic
- 256 Bytes of Internal RAM
- Program and Data Memory Security
D8
D8
ACCUMULATOR
STACK POINTER
TMP1
TMP2
SRAM
ADDRESS
REGISTER
PSW
SRAM
(256 X 8)
D8
D8
D8
ALU
D8
DATA BUS
B REGISTER
D8
D8
D8
DATA BUS
DATA BUS
SFR_ADDRESS
BUFFER
D8
DATA POINTER
D8
D8
SFR
BUS
INTERFACE
SFR_CONTROL
SFR_WRITE_DATA
SFR_READ_DATA
DATA BUS
PC INCREMENTER
PROGRAM COUNTER (PC)
PRGM. ADDRESS REG.
MEM_ADDRESS
D8
MEM_CONTROL
A16
MEMORY
INTERFACE
MEM_WRITE_DATA
MEM_READ_DATA
PIPELINE
RESET
D8
CONTROL
LOGIC
SYSTEM_IRQs
CLOCK
D8
STOP
IDLE
POWER CONTROL
REGISTER
INTERRUPT
INTERFACE
EMULATION_IRQ
D8
Figure 6.1. CIP-51 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.1
35
C8051F326/7
Performance
The CIP-51 employs a pipelined architecture that greatly increases its instruction throughput over the standard 8051 architecture. In a standard 8051, all instructions except for MUL and DIV take 12 or 24 system
clock cycles to execute, and usually have a maximum system clock of 12 MHz. By contrast, the CIP-51
core executes 70% of its instructions in one or two system clock cycles, with no instructions taking more
than eight system clock cycles.
With the CIP-51's maximum system clock at 25 MHz, it has a peak throughput of 25 MIPS. The CIP-51 has
a total of 109 instructions. The table below shows the total number of instructions that for execution time.
Clocks to Execute
1
2
2/3
3
3/4
4
4/5
5
8
Number of Instructions
26
50
5
14
7
3
1
2
1
Programming and Debugging Support
In-system programming of the Flash program memory and communication with on-chip debug support
logic is accomplished via the Silicon Laboratories 2-Wire Development Interface (C2). Note that the re-programmable Flash can also be read and changed a single byte at a time by the application software using
the MOVC and MOVX instructions. This feature allows program memory to be used for non-volatile data
storage as well as updating program code under software control.
The on-chip debug support logic facilitates full speed in-circuit debugging, allowing the setting of hardware
breakpoints, starting, stopping and single stepping through program execution (including interrupt service
routines), examination of the program's call stack, and reading/writing the contents of registers and memory. This method of on-chip debugging is completely non-intrusive, requiring no RAM, Stack, timers, or
other on-chip resources. C2 details can be found in Section “15. C2 Interface” on page 135.
The CIP-51 is supported by development tools from Silicon Laboratories and third party vendors. Silicon
Laboratories provides an integrated development environment (IDE) including editor, macro assembler,
debugger and programmer. The IDE's debugger and programmer interface to the CIP-51 via the C2 interface to provide fast and efficient in-system device programming and debugging. Third party macro assemblers and C compilers are also available.
6.1.
Instruction Set
The instruction set of the CIP-51 System Controller is fully compatible with the standard MCS-51™ instruction set. Standard 8051 development tools can be used to develop software for the CIP-51. All CIP-51
instructions are the binary and functional equivalent of their MCS-51™ counterparts, including opcodes,
addressing modes and effect on PSW flags. However, instruction timing is different than that of the standard 8051.
6.1.1. Instruction and CPU Timing
In many 8051 implementations, a distinction is made between machine cycles and clock cycles, with
machine cycles varying from 2 to 12 clock cycles in length. However, the CIP-51 implementation is based
solely on clock cycle timing. All instruction timings are specified in terms of clock cycles.
Due to the pipelined architecture of the CIP-51, most instructions execute in the same number of clock
cycles as there are program bytes in the instruction. Conditional branch instructions take one less clock
cycle to complete when the branch is not taken as opposed to when the branch is taken. Table 6.1 is the
CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary, which includes the mnemonic, number of bytes, and number of clock
cycles for each instruction.
36
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
6.1.2. MOVX Instruction and Program Memory
The MOVX instruction is typically used to access external data memory (Note: the C8051F326/7 does not
support off-chip data or program memory). In the CIP-51, the MOVX write instruction is used to accesses
external RAM (XRAM) and the on-chip program memory space implemented as re-programmable Flash
memory. The Flash access feature provides a mechanism for the CIP-51 to update program code and use
the program memory space for non-volatile data storage. Refer to Section “8. Flash Memory” on page 63
for further details.
Table 6.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary
Mnemonic
ADD A, Rn
ADD A, direct
ADD A, @Ri
ADD A, #data
ADDC A, Rn
ADDC A, direct
ADDC A, @Ri
ADDC A, #data
SUBB A, Rn
SUBB A, direct
SUBB A, @Ri
SUBB A, #data
INC A
INC Rn
INC direct
INC @Ri
DEC A
DEC Rn
DEC direct
DEC @Ri
INC DPTR
MUL AB
DIV AB
DA A
ANL A, Rn
ANL A, direct
ANL A, @Ri
ANL A, #data
ANL direct, A
ANL direct, #data
ORL A, Rn
ORL A, direct
ORL A, @Ri
ORL A, #data
ORL direct, A
Description
Arithmetic Operations
Add register to A
Add direct byte to A
Add indirect RAM to A
Add immediate to A
Add register to A with carry
Add direct byte to A with carry
Add indirect RAM to A with carry
Add immediate to A with carry
Subtract register from A with borrow
Subtract direct byte from A with borrow
Subtract indirect RAM from A with borrow
Subtract immediate from A with borrow
Increment A
Increment register
Increment direct byte
Increment indirect RAM
Decrement A
Decrement register
Decrement direct byte
Decrement indirect RAM
Increment Data Pointer
Multiply A and B
Divide A by B
Decimal adjust A
Logical Operations
AND Register to A
AND direct byte to A
AND indirect RAM to A
AND immediate to A
AND A to direct byte
AND immediate to direct byte
OR Register to A
OR direct byte to A
OR indirect RAM to A
OR immediate to A
OR A to direct byte
Rev. 1.1
Bytes
Clock
Cycles
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
4
8
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
1
2
2
2
2
37
C8051F326/7
Table 6.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
Mnemonic
Description
ORL direct, #data
XRL A, Rn
XRL A, direct
XRL A, @Ri
XRL A, #data
XRL direct, A
XRL direct, #data
CLR A
CPL A
RL A
RLC A
RR A
RRC A
SWAP A
OR immediate to direct byte
Exclusive-OR Register to A
Exclusive-OR direct byte to A
Exclusive-OR indirect RAM to A
Exclusive-OR immediate to A
Exclusive-OR A to direct byte
Exclusive-OR immediate to direct byte
Clear A
Complement A
Rotate A left
Rotate A left through Carry
Rotate A right
Rotate A right through Carry
Swap nibbles of A
Data Transfer
Move Register to A
Move direct byte to A
Move indirect RAM to A
Move immediate to A
Move A to Register
Move direct byte to Register
Move immediate to Register
Move A to direct byte
Move Register to direct byte
Move direct byte to direct byte
Move indirect RAM to direct byte
Move immediate to direct byte
Move A to indirect RAM
Move direct byte to indirect RAM
Move immediate to indirect RAM
Load DPTR with 16-bit constant
Move code byte relative DPTR to A
Move code byte relative PC to A
Move external data (8-bit address) to A
Move A to external data (8-bit address)
Move external data (16-bit address) to A
Move A to external data (16-bit address)
Push direct byte onto stack
Pop direct byte from stack
Exchange Register with A
Exchange direct byte with A
Exchange indirect RAM with A
Exchange low nibble of indirect RAM with A
Boolean Manipulation
Clear Carry
MOV A, Rn
MOV A, direct
MOV A, @Ri
MOV A, #data
MOV Rn, A
MOV Rn, direct
MOV Rn, #data
MOV direct, A
MOV direct, Rn
MOV direct, direct
MOV direct, @Ri
MOV direct, #data
MOV @Ri, A
MOV @Ri, direct
MOV @Ri, #data
MOV DPTR, #data16
MOVC A, @A+DPTR
MOVC A, @A+PC
MOVX A, @Ri
MOVX @Ri, A
MOVX A, @DPTR
MOVX @DPTR, A
PUSH direct
POP direct
XCH A, Rn
XCH A, direct
XCH A, @Ri
XCHD A, @Ri
CLR C
38
3
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Clock
Cycles
3
1
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
1
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
2
1
1
Bytes
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
Table 6.1. CIP-51 Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
Mnemonic
Description
CLR bit
SETB C
SETB bit
CPL C
CPL bit
ANL C, bit
ANL C, /bit
ORL C, bit
ORL C, /bit
MOV C, bit
MOV bit, C
JC rel
JNC rel
JB bit, rel
JNB bit, rel
JBC bit, rel
Clear direct bit
Set Carry
Set direct bit
Complement Carry
Complement direct bit
AND direct bit to Carry
AND complement of direct bit to Carry
OR direct bit to carry
OR complement of direct bit to Carry
Move direct bit to Carry
Move Carry to direct bit
Jump if Carry is set
Jump if Carry is not set
Jump if direct bit is set
Jump if direct bit is not set
Jump if direct bit is set and clear bit
Program Branching
Absolute subroutine call
Long subroutine call
Return from subroutine
Return from interrupt
Absolute jump
Long jump
Short jump (relative address)
Jump indirect relative to DPTR
Jump if A equals zero
Jump if A does not equal zero
Compare direct byte to A and jump if not equal
Compare immediate to A and jump if not equal
Compare immediate to Register and jump if not
equal
Compare immediate to indirect and jump if not
equal
Decrement Register and jump if not zero
Decrement direct byte and jump if not zero
No operation
ACALL addr11
LCALL addr16
RET
RETI
AJMP addr11
LJMP addr16
SJMP rel
JMP @A+DPTR
JZ rel
JNZ rel
CJNE A, direct, rel
CJNE A, #data, rel
CJNE Rn, #data, rel
CJNE @Ri, #data, rel
DJNZ Rn, rel
DJNZ direct, rel
NOP
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
Clock
Cycles
2
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2/3
2/3
3/4
3/4
3/4
2
3
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
3
3
3
4
5
5
3
4
3
3
2/3
2/3
3/4
3/4
3
3/4
3
4/5
2
3
1
2/3
3/4
1
Bytes
Rev. 1.1
39
C8051F326/7
Notes on Registers, Operands and Addressing Modes:
Rn - Register R0-R7 of the currently selected register bank.
@Ri - Data RAM location addressed indirectly through R0 or R1.
rel - 8-bit, signed (2s complement) offset relative to the first byte of the following instruction. Used by
SJMP and all conditional jumps.
direct - 8-bit internal data location’s address. This could be a direct-access Data RAM location (0x000x7F) or an SFR (0x80-0xFF).
#data - 8-bit constant
#data16 - 16-bit constant
bit - Direct-accessed bit in Data RAM or SFR
addr11 - 11-bit destination address used by ACALL and AJMP. The destination must be within the same
2 kB page of program memory as the first byte of the following instruction.
addr16 - 16-bit destination address used by LCALL and LJMP. The destination may be anywhere within
the 8 kB program memory space.
There is one unused opcode (0xA5) that performs the same function as NOP.
All mnemonics copyrighted © Intel Corporation 1980.
40
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
6.2.
Memory Organization
The memory organization of the CIP-51 System Controller is similar to that of a standard 8051. There are
two separate memory spaces: program memory and data memory. Program and data memory share the
same address space but are accessed via different instruction types. The CIP-51 memory organization is
shown in Figure 6.2.
DATA MEMORY (RAM)
INTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
PROGRAM/DATA MEMORY
(FLASH)
0x3FFF
0x3E00
0xFF
RESERVED
0x3DFF
0x80
0x7F
Upper 128 RAM
(Indirect Addressing
Only)
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
16K FLASH
0x30
0x2F
(In-System
Programmable in 512
Byte Sectors)
0x20
0x1F
0x00
Bit Addressable
Special Function
Register's
(Direct Addressing Only)
Lower 128 RAM
(Direct and Indirect
Addressing)
General Purpose
Registers
EXTERNAL DATA ADDRESS SPACE
0x0000
0xFFFF
USB FIFOs
256 Bytes
Accessible through
USB Registers Only
Same 1024 bytes as from
0x0000 to 0x03FF, wrapped
on 1K-byte boundaries
0x0400
0x03FF
0x0000
XRAM - 1024 Bytes
(accessable using MOVX
instruction)
Figure 6.2. Memory Map
6.2.1. Program Memory
The CIP-51 core has a 64 kB program memory space. The C8051F326/7 implements 16k kB of this program memory space as in-system, re-programmable Flash memory, organized in a contiguous block from
addresses 0x0000 to 0x3FFF. Addresses above 0x3DFF are reserved.
Program memory is normally assumed to be read-only. However, the CIP-51 can write to program memory
by setting the Program Store Write Enable bit (PSCTL.0) and using the MOVX instruction. This feature provides a mechanism for the CIP-51 to update program code and use the program memory space for nonvolatile data storage. Refer to Section “8. Flash Memory” on page 63 for further details.
Rev. 1.1
41
C8051F326/7
6.2.2. Data Memory
The CIP-51 includes 256 of internal RAM mapped into the data memory space from 0x00 through 0xFF.
The lower 128 bytes of data memory are used for general purpose registers and scratch pad memory.
Either direct or indirect addressing may be used to access the lower 128 bytes of data memory. Locations
0x00 through 0x1F are addressable as four banks of general purpose registers, each bank consisting of
eight byte-wide registers. The next 16 bytes, locations 0x20 through 0x2F, may either be addressed as
bytes or as 128 bit locations accessible with the direct addressing mode.
The upper 128 bytes of data memory are accessible only by indirect addressing. This region occupies the
same address space as the Special Function Registers (SFR) but is physically separate from the SFR
space. The addressing mode used by an instruction when accessing locations above 0x7F determines
whether the CPU accesses the upper 128 bytes of data memory space or the SFRs. Instructions that use
direct addressing will access the SFR space. Instructions using indirect addressing above 0x7F access the
upper 128 bytes of data memory. Figure 6.2 illustrates the data memory organization of the CIP-51.
6.2.3. General Purpose Registers
The lower 32 bytes of data memory, locations 0x00 through 0x1F, may be addressed as four banks of general-purpose registers. Each bank consists of eight byte-wide registers designated R0 through R7. Only
one of these banks may be enabled at a time. Two bits in the program status word, RS0 (PSW.3) and RS1
(PSW.4), select the active register bank (see description of the PSW in Figure 6.4). This allows fast context
switching when entering subroutines and interrupt service routines. Indirect addressing modes use registers R0 and R1 as index registers.
6.2.4. Bit Addressable Locations
In addition to direct access to data memory organized as bytes, the sixteen data memory locations at 0x20
through 0x2F are also accessible as 128 individually addressable bits. Each bit has a bit address from
0x00 to 0x7F. Bit 0 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address 0x00 while bit7 of the byte at 0x20 has bit address
0x07. Bit 7 of the byte at 0x2F has bit address 0x7F. A bit access is distinguished from a full byte access by
the type of instruction used (bit source or destination operands as opposed to a byte source or destination).
The MCS-51™ assembly language allows an alternate notation for bit addressing of the form XX.B where
XX is the byte address and B is the bit position within the byte. For example, the instruction:
MOV
C, 22h.3
moves the Boolean value at 0x13 (bit 3 of the byte at location 0x22) into the Carry flag.
6.2.5. Stack
A programmer's stack can be located anywhere in the 256-byte data memory. The stack area is designated using the Stack Pointer (SP, 0x81) SFR. The SP will point to the last location used. The next value
pushed on the stack is placed at SP+1 and then SP is incremented. A reset initializes the stack pointer to
location 0x07. Therefore, the first value pushed on the stack is placed at location 0x08, which is also the
first register (R0) of register bank 1. Thus, if more than one register bank is to be used, the SP should be
initialized to a location in the data memory not being used for data storage. The stack depth can extend up
to 256 bytes.
42
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
6.2.6. Special Function Registers
The direct-access data memory locations from 0x80 to 0xFF constitute the special function registers
(SFRs). The SFRs provide control and data exchange with the CIP-51's resources and peripherals. The
CIP-51 duplicates the SFRs found in a typical 8051 implementation as well as implementing additional
SFRs used to configure and access the sub-systems unique to the MCU. This allows the addition of new
functionality while retaining compatibility with the MCS-51™ instruction set. Table 6.2 lists the SFRs implemented in the CIP-51 System Controller.
The SFR registers are accessed anytime the direct addressing mode is used to access memory locations
from 0x80 to 0xFF. SFRs with addresses ending in 0x0 or 0x8 (e.g., P0, TCON, SCON0, IE, etc.) are bitaddressable as well as byte-addressable. All other SFRs are byte-addressable only. Unoccupied
addresses in the SFR space are reserved for future use. Accessing these areas will have an indeterminate
effect and should be avoided. Refer to the corresponding pages of the data sheet, as indicated in
Table 6.3, for a detailed description of each register.
Table 6.2. Special Function Register (SFR) Memory Map
F8
F0
E8
E0
D8
D0
C8
C0
B8
B0
A8
A0
98
90
88
80
B
EIP1
ACC
GPIOCN
OSCLCN
EIE1
PSW
VDM0CN
EIP2
RSTSRC
EIE2
USB0XCN
REG0CN
IP
P3
IE
P2
SCON0
TCON
P0
0(8)
CLKMUL
CLKSEL
OSCICN
EMI0CN
OSCICL
P0MDOUT
SBUF0
SBCON0
TMOD
SP
1(9)
FLSCL
FLKEY
P2MDOUT
P3MDOUT
USB0DAT
PSCTL
PCON
7(F)
SMOD0
TL0
DPL
2(A)
SBRLL0
TL1
DPH
3(B)
SBRLH0
TH0
TH1
USB0ADR
CKCON
4(C)
5(D)
6(E)
(bit addressable)
Table 6.3. Special Function Registers
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved.
Register
Address
Description
ACC
0xE0
Accumulator
B
0xF0
B Register
CKCON
0x8E
Clock Control
CLKMUL
0x91
Clock Multiplier
CLKSEL
0xA9
Clock Select
DPH
0x83
Data Pointer High
DPL
0x82
Data Pointer Low
EIE1
0xE6
Extended Interrupt Enable 1
Rev. 1.1
Page
46
47
133
75
77
45
45
53
43
C8051F326/7
Table 6.3. Special Function Registers (Continued)
SFRs are listed in alphabetical order. All undefined SFR locations are reserved.
Register
Address
Description
EIE2
0xE7
Extended Interrupt Enable 2
EIP1
0xF6
Extended Interrupt Priority 1
EIP2
0xF7
Extended Interrupt Priority 2
EMI0CN
0xAA
External Memory Interface Control
FLKEY
0xB7
Flash Lock and Key
FLSCL
0xB6
Flash Scale
GPIOCN
0xE2
Global Port I/O Control
IE
0xA8
Interrupt Enable
IP
0xB8
Interrupt Priority
OSCICL
0xB3
Internal Oscillator Calibration
OSCICN
0xB2
Internal Oscillator Control
OSCLCN
0xE3
Low Frequency Internal Oscillator Control
P0
0x80
Port 0 Latch
P0MDOUT
0xA4
Port 0 Output Mode Configuration
P2
0xA0
Port 2 Latch
P2MDOUT
0xA6
Port 2 Output Mode Configuration
P3
0xB0
Port 3 Latch
P3MDOUT
0xA7
Port 3 Output Mode Configuration
PCON
0x87
Power Control
PSCTL
0x8F
Program Store R/W Control
PSW
0xD0
Program Status Word
RSTSRC
0xEF
Reset Source Configuration/Status
SBUF0
0x99
UART0 Data Buffer
SBCON0
0x91
Baudrate Generator 0 Control
SBRLH0
0x94
Baudrate Generator 0 Reload Value High Byte
SBRLL0
0x93
Baudrate Generator 0 Reload Value Low Byte
SCON0
0x98
UART0 Control
SMOD0
0x9A
UART0 Mode
SP
0x81
Stack Pointer
TCON
0x88
Timer/Counter Control
TH0
0x8C
Timer/Counter 0 High
TH1
0x8D
Timer/Counter 1 High
TL0
0x8A
Timer/Counter 0 Low
TL1
0x8B
Timer/Counter 1 Low
TMOD
0x89
Timer/Counter Mode
USB0ADR
0x96
Indirect Address Register
USB0DAT
0x97
Data Register
USB0XCN
0xD7
Transceiver Control
VDM0CN
0xFF
VDD Monitor Control
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53
54
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67
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51
52
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72
74
82
82
83
83
83
84
56
66
46
61
125
125
126
126
123
124
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131
134
134
134
134
132
91
92
89
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6.2.7. Register Descriptions
Following are descriptions of SFRs related to the operation of the CIP-51 System Controller. Reserved bits
should not be set to logic l. Future product versions may use these bits to implement new features in which
case the reset value of the bit will be logic 0, selecting the feature's default state. Detailed descriptions of
the remaining SFRs are included in the sections of the data sheet associated with their corresponding system function.
SFR Definition 6.1. DPL: Data Pointer Low Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x82
Bits7–0: DPL: Data Pointer Low.
The DPL register is the low byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly
addressed memory.
SFR Definition 6.2. DPH: Data Pointer High Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
00000000
0x83
Bits7–0: DPH: Data Pointer High.
The DPH register is the high byte of the 16-bit DPTR. DPTR is used to access indirectly
addressed memory.
SFR Definition 6.3. SP: Stack Pointer
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000111
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x81
Bits7–0: SP: Stack Pointer.
The Stack Pointer holds the location of the top of the stack. The stack pointer is incremented
before every PUSH operation. The SP register defaults to 0x07 after reset.
Rev. 1.1
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SFR Definition 6.4. PSW: Program Status Word
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
Reset Value
CY
AC
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
F1
PARITY
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
0xD0
Bit7:
CY: Carry Flag.
This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry (addition) or a borrow
(subtraction). It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations.
Bit6:
AC: Auxiliary Carry Flag
This bit is set when the last arithmetic operation resulted in a carry into (addition) or a borrow
from (subtraction) the high order nibble. It is cleared to logic 0 by all other arithmetic operations.
Bit5:
F0: User Flag 0.
This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control.
Bits4–3: RS1-RS0: Register Bank Select.
These bits select which register bank is used during register accesses.
RS1
0
0
1
1
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
RS0
0
1
0
1
Register Bank
0
1
2
3
Address
0x00–0x07
0x08–0x0F
0x10–0x17
0x18–0x1F
OV: Overflow Flag.
This bit is set to 1 under the following circumstances:
• An ADD, ADDC, or SUBB instruction causes a sign-change overflow.
• A MUL instruction results in an overflow (result is greater than 255).
• A DIV instruction causes a divide-by-zero condition.
The OV bit is cleared to 0 by the ADD, ADDC, SUBB, MUL, and DIV instructions in all other
cases.
F1: User Flag 1.
This is a bit-addressable, general purpose flag for use under software control.
PARITY: Parity Flag.
SFR Definition 6.5. ACC: Accumulator
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
ACC.7
ACC.6
ACC.5
ACC.4
ACC.3
ACC.2
ACC.1
ACC.0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Bits7–0: ACC: Accumulator.
This register is the accumulator for arithmetic operations.
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SFR Definition 6.6. B: B Register
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
B.7
B.6
B.5
B.4
B.3
B.2
B.1
B.0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
0xF0
Bits7–0: B: B Register.
This register serves as a second accumulator for certain arithmetic operations.
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6.3.
Interrupt Handler
The CIP-51 includes an extended interrupt system supporting a total of 8 interrupt sources with two priority
levels. The allocation of interrupt sources between on-chip peripherals and external inputs pins varies
according to the specific version of the device. Each interrupt source, with the exception of USB0, has one
or more associated interrupt-pending flag(s) located in an SFR. USB0 interrupt sources are located in the
USB registers. See Section “12.8. Interrupts” on page 101 for more details about the USB interrupt. When
a peripheral or external source meets a valid interrupt condition, the associated interrupt-pending flag is
set to logic 1.
If interrupts are enabled for the source, an interrupt request is generated when the interrupt-pending flag is
set. As soon as execution of the current instruction is complete, the CPU generates an LCALL to a predetermined address to begin execution of an interrupt service routine (ISR). Each ISR must end with an RETI
instruction, which returns program execution to the next instruction that would have been executed if the
interrupt request had not occurred. If interrupts are not enabled, the interrupt-pending flag is ignored by the
hardware and program execution continues as normal. (The interrupt-pending flag is set to logic 1 regardless of the interrupt's enable/disable state.)
Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled through the use of an associated interrupt
enable bit in an SFR (IE-EIE2). However, interrupts must first be globally enabled by setting the EA bit
(IE.7) to logic 1 before the individual interrupt enables are recognized. Setting the EA bit to logic 0 disables
all interrupt sources regardless of the individual interrupt-enable settings.
Note: Any instruction which clears the EA bit should be immediately followed by an instruction which has two or more
opcode bytes. For example:
// in 'C':
EA = 0;
// clear EA bit
EA = 0;
// ... followed by another 2-byte opcode
; in assembly:
CLR EA
; clear EA bit
CLR EA
; ... followed by another 2-byte opcode
If an interrupt is posted during the execution phase of a "CLR EA" opcode (or any instruction that clears the
EA bit), and the instruction is followed by a single-cycle instruction, the interrupt may be taken. If the EA bit
is read inside the interrupt service routine, it will return a '0'. When the "CLR EA" opcode is followed by a
multi-cycle instruction, the interrupt will not be taken.
Some interrupt-pending flags are automatically cleared by the hardware when the CPU vectors to the ISR.
However, most are not cleared by the hardware and must be cleared by software before returning from the
ISR. If an interrupt-pending flag remains set after the CPU completes the return-from-interrupt (RETI)
instruction, a new interrupt request will be generated immediately and the CPU will re-enter the ISR after
the completion of the next instruction.
6.3.1. MCU Interrupt Sources and Vectors
The MCU supports 8 interrupt sources. Software can simulate an interrupt by setting any interrupt-pending
flag to logic 1. If interrupts are enabled for the flag, an interrupt request will be generated and the CPU will
vector to the ISR address associated with the interrupt-pending flag. MCU interrupt sources, associated
vector addresses, priority order and control bits are summarized in Table 6.5 on page 50. Refer to the data
sheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding valid interrupt conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s).
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6.3.2. External Interrupts
The /INT0 external interrupt source can be configured as edge or level sensitive. The IT0 bit (TCON.0, see
Figure 14.1 on Page 128) selects level or edge sensitivity. When global port I/O inputs are enabled, /INT0
will monitor the voltage at the input pin. The CPU will vector to the /INT0 interrupt service routine whenever
the pin detects the condition the external interrupt has been configured to monitor. TMOD.3 (GATE0) controls the functionality of /INT0 as is shown in Table 6.4.
Table 6.4. TMOD.3 Control of /INT0
TMOD.3 = 0
TMOD.3 = 1
/INT0 Pinout
P0.0
P0.2
Edge Sensitivity
Rising Edge
Falling Edge
Level Sensitivity
Active High
Active Low
The /INT1 interrupt source provides an interrupt on two events, based on the logic level of GATE1
(TMOD.7). If GATE1 is set to logic 1, an interrupt is generated every two Low Frequency Internal Oscillator
clock cycles. This allows the CPU to vector to the /INT1 interrupt service routine at a rate of 40 kHz. If
GATE1 is set to logic 0, an interrupt is generated when the internal oscillator resumes from a suspended
state.
The pending flags for the /INT0 and /INT1 interrupts are set upon reset. If the /INT0 or /INT1 interrupt is
used, the respective flag should be cleared before enabling the interrupts to prevent an accidental interrupt. The pending flags are for the /INT0 and /INT1 interrupt are in the TCON register.
6.3.3. Interrupt Priorities
Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of two priority levels: low or high. A low priority interrupt service routine can be preempted by a high priority interrupt. A high priority interrupt cannot be
preempted. Each interrupt has an associated interrupt priority bit in an SFR (IP or EIP2) used to configure
its priority level. Low priority is the default. If two interrupts are recognized simultaneously, the interrupt with
the higher priority is serviced first. If both interrupts have the same priority level, a fixed priority order is
used to arbitrate, given in Table 6.5.
6.3.4. Interrupt Latency
Interrupt response time depends on the state of the CPU when the interrupt occurs. Pending interrupts are
sampled and priority decoded each system clock cycle. Therefore, the fastest possible response time is 5
system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt and 4 clock cycles to complete the LCALL to the
ISR. If an interrupt is pending when a RETI is executed, a single instruction is executed before an LCALL
is made to service the pending interrupt. Therefore, the maximum response time for an interrupt (when no
other interrupt is currently being serviced or the new interrupt is of greater priority) occurs when the CPU is
performing an RETI instruction followed by a DIV as the next instruction. In this case, the response time is
18 system clock cycles: 1 clock cycle to detect the interrupt, 5 clock cycles to execute the RETI, 8 clock
cycles to complete the DIV instruction and 4 clock cycles to execute the LCALL to the ISR. If the CPU is
executing an ISR for an interrupt with equal or higher priority, the new interrupt will not be serviced until the
current ISR completes, including the RETI and following instruction.
The CPU is stalled during Flash write/erase operations. Interrupt service latency will be increased for interrupts occurring while the CPU is stalled. The latency for these situations will be determined by the standard
interrupt service procedure (as described above) and the amount of time the CPU is stalled.
Rev. 1.1
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C8051F326/7
Bit addressable?
Cleared by HW?
Table 6.5. Interrupt Summary
Enable
Flag
N/A
N/A
Always
Enabled
IE0 (TCON.1)
Y
Y
EX0 (IE.0)
1
TF0 (TCON.5)
Y
Y
ET0 (IE.1)
0x0013
2
IE1 (TCON.3)
Y
Y
EX1 (IE.2)
0x001B
3
Y
Y
ET1 (IE.3)
UART0
0x0023
4
TF1 (TCON.7)
RI0 (SCON0.0)
TI0 (SCON0.1)
Y
N
ES0 (IE.4)
USB0
0x0043
8
Special*
VBUS Level
0x007B
15
N/A
Interrupt Source
Reset
External Interrupt 0
(/INT0)
Timer 0 Overflow
External Interrupt 1
(/INT1)
Timer 1 Overflow
Interrupt
Vector
Priority
Pending Flag
Order
0x0000
Top
0x0003
0
0x000B
None
N
N/A
EUSB0
(EIE1.1)
EVBUS
N/A
(EIE2.0)
N
Priority
Control
Always
Highest
PX0
(IP.0)
PT0 (IP.1)
PX1
(IP.2)
PT1 (IP.3)
PS0
(IP.4)
PUSB0
(EIP1.1)
PVBUS
(EIP2.0)
*Note: See Section “12.8. Interrupts” on page 101 for more details about the USB interrupt.
6.3.5. Interrupt Register Descriptions
The SFRs used to enable the interrupt sources and set their priority level are described below. Refer to the
data sheet section associated with a particular on-chip peripheral for information regarding valid interrupt
conditions for the peripheral and the behavior of its interrupt-pending flag(s).
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SFR Definition 6.7. IE: Interrupt Enable
R/W
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
EA
—
—
ES0
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Bit7:
Bit6–5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
0xA8
EA: Enable All Interrupts.
This bit globally enables/disables all interrupts. It overrides the individual interrupt mask settings.
0: Disable all interrupt sources.
1: Enable each interrupt according to its individual mask setting.
Unused. Read = 00b. Write = don’t care.
ES0: Enable UART0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the UART0 interrupt.
0: Disable UART0 interrupt.
1: Enable UART0 interrupt.
ET1: Enable Timer 1 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 1 interrupt.
0: Disable all Timer 1 interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF1 flag.
EX1: Enable External Interrupt 1.
This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 1.
0: Disable external interrupt 1.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the /INT1 input.
ET0: Enable Timer 0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the Timer 0 interrupt.
0: Disable all Timer 0 interrupt.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the TF0 flag.
EX0: Enable External Interrupt 0.
This bit sets the masking of External Interrupt 0.
0: Disable external interrupt 0.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by the /INT0 input.
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SFR Definition 6.8. IP: Interrupt Priority
R
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
PS0
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
10000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Bit7–5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
52
Unused. Read = 100b. Write = don't care.
PS0: UART0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the UART0 interrupt.
0: UART0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: UART0 interrupts set to high priority level.
PT1: Timer 1 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 1 interrupt.
0: Timer 1 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Timer 1 interrupts set to high priority level.
PX1: External Interrupt 1 Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 1 interrupt.
0: External Interrupt 1 set to low priority level.
1: External Interrupt 1 set to high priority level.
PT0: Timer 0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the Timer 0 interrupt.
0: Timer 0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: Timer 0 interrupt set to high priority level.
PX0: External Interrupt 0 Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the External Interrupt 0 interrupt.
0: External Interrupt 0 set to low priority level.
1: External Interrupt 0 set to high priority level.
Rev. 1.1
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C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 6.9. EIE1: Extended Interrupt Enable 1
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
R
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
EUSB0
—
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xE6
Bit7–2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
EUSB0: Enable USB0 Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the USB0 interrupt.
0: Disable all USB0 interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by USB0.
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
SFR Definition 6.10. EIP1: Extended Interrupt Priority 1
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
R
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
PUSB0
—
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xF6
Bit7–2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
PUSB0: USB0 Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the USB0 interrupt.
0: USB0 interrupt set to low priority level.
1: USB0 interrupt set to high priority level.
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
SFR Definition 6.11. EIE2: Extended Interrupt Enable 2
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
EVBUS
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xE7
Bits7–1: Unused. Read = 0000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
EVBUS: Enable VBUS Level Interrupt.
This bit sets the masking of the VBUS interrupt.
0: Disable all VBUS interrupts.
1: Enable interrupt requests generated by VBUS level sense.
Rev. 1.1
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SFR Definition 6.12. EIP2: Extended Interrupt Priority 2
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PVBUS
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xF7
Bits7–1: Unused. Read = 0000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
PVBUS: VBUS Level Interrupt Priority Control.
This bit sets the priority of the VBUS interrupt.
0: VBUS interrupt set to low priority level.
1: VBUS interrupt set to high priority level.
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6.4.
Power Management Modes
The CIP-51 core has two software programmable power management modes: Idle and Stop. Idle mode
halts the CPU while leaving the peripherals and clocks active. In Stop mode, the CPU is halted, all interrupts, are inactive, and the internal oscillator is stopped (the voltage regulator, low frequency oscillator, and
external clock remain in their selected state). Since clocks are running in Idle mode, power consumption is
dependent upon the system clock frequency and the number of peripherals left in active mode before
entering Idle. Stop mode consumes the least power. Figure 6.13 describes the Power Control Register
(PCON) used to control the CIP-51's power management modes.
Although the CIP-51 has Idle and Stop modes built in (as with any standard 8051 architecture), power
management of the entire MCU is better accomplished through system clock and individual peripheral
management. Digital peripherals, such as timers or UART, draw little power when they are not in use. Turning off the oscillators lowers power consumption considerably; however a reset is required to restart the
MCU.
The internal oscillator can be placed in Suspend mode (see Section “10. Oscillators” on page 71). In Suspend mode, the internal oscillator is stopped until a non-idle USB event is detected, or the VBUS input signal matches the polarity selected by the VBPOL bit in register REG0CN (Figure 5.1 on Page 34).
6.4.1. Idle Mode
Setting the Idle Mode Select bit (PCON.0) causes the CIP-51 to halt the CPU and enter Idle mode as soon
as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. All internal registers and memory maintain their
original data. All analog and digital peripherals can remain active during Idle mode.
Idle mode is terminated when an enabled interrupt is asserted or a reset occurs. The assertion of an
enabled interrupt will cause the Idle Mode Selection bit (PCON.0) to be cleared and the CPU to resume
operation. The pending interrupt will be serviced and the next instruction to be executed after the return
from interrupt (RETI) will be the instruction immediately following the one that set the Idle Mode Select bit.
If Idle mode is terminated by an internal or external reset, the CIP-51 performs a normal reset sequence
and begins program execution at address 0x0000.
6.4.2. Stop Mode
Setting the Stop Mode Select bit (PCON.1) causes the CIP-51 to enter Stop mode as soon as the instruction that sets the bit completes execution. In Stop mode the internal oscillator, CPU, and all digital peripherals are stopped; the state of the low frequency oscillator is not affected. Each analog peripheral (including
the low frequency oscillator) may be shut down individually prior to entering Stop Mode. Stop mode can
only be terminated by an internal or external reset. On reset, the CIP-51 performs the normal reset
sequence and begins program execution at address 0x0000.
If enabled, the Missing Clock Detector will cause an internal reset and thereby terminate the Stop mode.
The Missing Clock Detector should be disabled if the CPU is to be put to in STOP mode for longer than the
MCD timeout of 100 µs.
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SFR Definition 6.13. PCON: Power Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
GF5
GF4
GF3
GF2
GF1
GF0
STOP
IDLE
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x87
Bits7–2: GF5-GF0: General Purpose Flags 5-0.
These are general purpose flags for use under software control.
Bit1:
STOP: Stop Mode Select.
Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Stop mode. This bit will always be read as 0.
1: CPU goes into Stop mode (internal oscillator stopped).
Bit0:
IDLE: Idle Mode Select.
Setting this bit will place the CIP-51 in Idle mode. This bit will always be read as 0.
1: CPU goes into Idle mode. (Shuts off clock to CPU, but clock to Timers, Interrupts, Serial
Ports, and USB0 are still active.)
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7.
Reset Sources
Reset circuitry allows the controller to be easily placed in a predefined default condition. On entry to this
reset state, the following occur:
•
•
•
•
CIP-51 halts program execution
Special Function Registers (SFRs) are initialized to their defined reset values
External Port pins are forced to a known state
Interrupts and timers are disabled.
All SFRs are reset to the predefined values noted in the SFR detailed descriptions. The contents of internal
data memory are unaffected during a reset; any previously stored data is preserved. However, since the
stack pointer SFR is reset, the stack is effectively lost even though the data on the stack is not altered.
The Port I/O latches are reset to 0xFF (all logic ones) in open-drain mode. Weak pullups are enabled during and after the reset. For VDD Monitor and Power-On Resets, the RST pin is driven low until the device
exits the reset state.
On exit from the reset state, the program counter (PC) is reset, and the system clock defaults to the internal oscillator. Refer to Section “10. Oscillators” on page 71 for information on selecting and configuring the
system clock source. Program execution begins at location 0x0000.
VDD
Supply
Monitor
+
-
Enable
Power On
Reset
'0'
(wired-OR)
Missing
Clock
Detector
(oneshot)
Reset
Funnel
(Software Reset)
EN
Internal
Oscillator
XTAL2
External
Clock Input
SWRSF
Errant
FLASH
Operation
MCD
Enable
Low
Frequency
Oscillator
System
Clock
Clock Select
/RST
CIP-51
Microcontroller
Core
System Reset
Extended Interrupt
Handler
Figure 7.1. Reset Sources
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7.1.
Power-On Reset
During power-up, the device is held in a reset state and the RST pin is driven low until VDD settles above
VRST. A Power-On Reset delay (TPORDelay) occurs before the device is released from reset; this delay is
typically less than 0.3 ms. Figure 7.2. plots the power-on and VDD monitor reset timing.
On exit from a power-on reset, the PORSF flag (RSTSRC.1) is set by hardware to logic 1. When PORSF is
set, all of the other reset flags in the RSTSRC Register are indeterminate (PORSF is cleared by all other
resets). Since all resets cause program execution to begin at the same location (0x0000) software can
read the PORSF flag to determine if a power-up was the cause of reset. The content of internal data memory should be assumed to be undefined after a power-on reset. The VDD monitor is enabled following a
power-on reset.
volts
Software can force a power-on reset by writing ‘1’ to the PINRSF bit in register RSTSRC.
VDD
2.70
2.4
V RST
VD
D
2.0
1.0
t
Logic HIGH
/RST
T PORDelay
Logic LOW
VDD
Monitor
Reset
Power-On
Reset
Figure 7.2. Power-On and VDD Monitor Reset Timing
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7.2.
Power-Fail Reset / VDD Monitor
When a power-down transition or power irregularity causes VDD to drop below VRST, the power supply
monitor will drive the RST pin low and hold the CIP-51 in a reset state (see Figure 7.2). When VDD returns
to a level above VRST, the CIP-51 will be released from the reset state. Note that even though internal data
memory contents are not altered by the power-fail reset, it is impossible to determine if VDD dropped
below the level required for data retention. If the PORSF flag reads ‘1’, the data may no longer be valid.
The VDD monitor is enabled after power-on resets; however its defined state (enabled/disabled) is not
altered by any other reset source. For example, if the VDD monitor is enabled and a software reset is performed, the VDD monitor will still be enabled after the reset.
Important Note: The VDD monitor must be enabled before it is selected as a reset source. Selecting the
VDD monitor as a reset source before it is enabled and stabilized will cause a system reset. The procedure
for configuring the VDD monitor as a reset source is shown below:
Step 1. Enable the VDD monitor (VDM0CN.7 = ‘1’).
Step 2. Wait for the VDD monitor to stabilize (see Table 7.1 for the VDD Monitor turn-on time).
Step 3. Select the VDD monitor as a reset source (RSTSRC.1 = ‘1’).
See Figure 7.2 for VDD monitor timing. See Table 7.1 for complete electrical characteristics of the VDD
monitor.
SFR Definition 7.1. VDM0CN: VDD Monitor Control
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
VDMEN VDDSTAT Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Reset Value
Variable
SFR Address:
0xFF
Bit7:
VDMEN: VDD Monitor Enable.
This bit turns the VDD monitor circuit on/off. The VDD Monitor cannot generate system
resets until it is also selected as a reset source in register RSTSRC (Figure 7.2). The VDD
Monitor must be allowed to stabilize before it is selected as a reset source. Selecting the
VDD monitor as a reset source before it has stabilized may generate a system reset.
See Table 7.1 for the minimum VDD Monitor turn-on time. The VDD Monitor is enabled following all POR resets.
0: VDD Monitor Disabled.
1: VDD Monitor Enabled.
Bit6:
VDDSTAT: VDD Status.
This bit indicates the current power supply status (VDD Monitor output).
0: VDD is at or below the VDD monitor threshold.
1: VDD is above the VDD monitor threshold.
Bits5–0: Reserved. Read = Variable. Write = don’t care.
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7.3.
External Reset
The external RST pin provides a means for external circuitry to force the device into a reset state. Asserting an active-low signal on the RST pin generates a reset; an external pullup and/or decoupling of the RST
pin may be necessary to avoid erroneous noise-induced resets. See Table 7.1 for complete RST pin specifications. The PINRSF flag (RSTSRC.0) is set on exit from an external reset.
7.4.
Missing Clock Detector Reset
The Missing Clock Detector (MCD) is a one-shot circuit that is triggered by the system clock. If more than
100 µs pass between rising edges on the system clock, the one-shot will time out and generate a reset.
After a MCD reset, the MCDRSF flag (RSTSRC.2) will read ‘1’, signifying the MCD as the reset source;
otherwise, this bit reads ‘0’. Writing a ‘1’ to the MCDRSF bit enables the Missing Clock Detector; writing a
‘0’ disables it. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
7.5.
Flash Error Reset
If a Flash read/write/erase or program read targets an illegal address, a system reset is generated. This
may occur due to any of the following:
•
•
•
•
A Flash write or erase is attempted above user code space. This occurs when PSWE is set to ‘1’ and a
MOVX write operation is attempted above address 0x3DFF.
A Flash read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when a MOVC operation is attempted
above address 0x3DFF.
A Program read is attempted above user code space. This occurs when user code attempts to branch
to an address above 0x3DFF.
A Flash read, write or erase attempt is restricted due to a Flash security setting (see Section
“8.3. Security Options” on page 65).
The FERROR bit (RSTSRC.6) is set following a Flash error reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by
this reset.
7.6.
Software Reset
Software may force a reset by writing a ‘1’ to the SWRSF bit (RSTSRC.4). The SWRSF bit will read ‘1’ following a software forced reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
7.7.
USB Reset
Writing ‘1’ to the USBRSF bit in register RSTSRC selects USB0 as a reset source. With USB0 selected as
a reset source, a system reset will be generated when either of the following occur:
1. RESET signaling is detected on the USB network. The USB Function Controller (USB0) must
be enabled for RESET signaling to be detected. See Section “12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)” on page 87 for information on the USB Function Controller.
2. The voltage on the VBUS pin matches the polarity selected by the VBPOL bit in register
REG0CN. See Section “5. Voltage Regulator (REG0)” on page 31 for details on the VBUS
detection circuit.
The USBRSF bit will read ‘1’ following a USB reset. The state of the RST pin is unaffected by this reset.
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SFR Definition 7.2. RSTSRC: Reset Source
R/W
R
USBRSF FERROR
Bit7
Bit6
R
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R
—
SWRSF
—
MCDRSF
PORSF
PINRSF
Reset Value
Variable
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xEF
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
USBRSF: USB Reset Flag
0: Read: Last reset was not a USB reset; Write: USB resets disabled.
1: Read: Last reset was a USB reset; Write: USB resets enabled.
FERROR: Flash Error Indicator.
0: Source of last reset was not a Flash read/write/erase error.
1: Source of last reset was a Flash read/write/erase error.
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
SWRSF: Software Reset Force and Flag.
0: Read: Source of last reset was not a write to the SWRSF bit; Write: No Effect.
1: Read: Source of last was a write to the SWRSF bit; Write: Forces a system reset.
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
MCDRSF: Missing Clock Detector Flag.
0: Read: Source of last reset was not a Missing Clock Detector timeout; Write: Missing
Clock Detector disabled.
1: Read: Source of last reset was a Missing Clock Detector timeout; Write: Missing Clock
Detector enabled; triggers a reset if a missing clock condition is detected.
PORSF: Power-On / VDD Monitor Reset Flag.
This bit is set anytime a power-on reset occurs. Writing this bit selects/deselects the VDD
monitor as a reset source. Note: writing ‘1’ to this bit before the VDD monitor is enabled
and stabilized can cause a system reset. See register VDM0CN (Figure 7.1).
0: Read: Last reset was not a power-on or VDD monitor reset; Write: VDD monitor is not a
reset source.
1: Read: Last reset was a power-on or VDD monitor reset; all other reset flags indeterminate; Write: VDD monitor is a reset source.
PINRSF: HW Pin Reset Flag.
0: Source of last reset was not RST pin.
1: Source of last reset was RST pin.
Note: Do not use read-modify-write instructions on this register.
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Table 7.1. Reset Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
‘F326 RST Output Voltage
Conditions
IOL = –8.5 mA; VIO = 2.7 to 3.6 V
Min
Typ
Max
—
—
0.6
Units
V
IOL = –8.5 mA; VIO = 2.0 V;
‘F327 RST Output Voltage
IOL = –8.5 mA; VIO = 2.7 to 3.6 V
0.6
—
—
0.6
V
RST Input High Voltage*
0.7 x VIO
—
—
V
RST Input Low Voltage*
—
—
0.3 x VIO
V
‘F326 RST Pullup Current
10
26
40
µA
‘F327 RST Pullup Current
—
26
40
µA
VDD Monitor Threshold (VRST)
2.40
2.55
2.70
V
Missing Clock Detector Timeout Time from last system clock rising
edge to reset initiation
100
240
500
µs
Reset Time Delay
5.0
—
—
µs
Minimum RST Low Time to
Generate a System Reset
15
—
—
µs
VDD Monitor Turn-on Time
100
—
—
µs
—
20
50
µA
Delay between the release of any
reset source and code execution
at location 0x0000
VDD Monitor Supply Current
*Note: On 'F327 devices, VIO = VDD.
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8.
Flash Memory
On-chip, re-programmable Flash memory is included for program code and non-volatile data storage. The
Flash memory can be programmed in-system, a single byte at a time, through the C2 interface or by software using the MOVX instruction. Once cleared to logic 0, a Flash bit must be erased to set it back to logic
1. Flash bytes would typically be erased (set to 0xFF) before being reprogrammed. The write and erase
operations are automatically timed by hardware for proper execution; data polling to determine the end of
the write/erase operation is not required. Code execution is stalled during a Flash write/erase operation.
Refer to Table 8.1 for complete Flash memory electrical characteristics.
8.1.
Programming The Flash Memory
The simplest means of programming the Flash memory is through the C2 interface using programming
tools provided by Silicon Laboratories or a third party vendor. This is the only means for programming a
non-initialized device. For details on the C2 commands to program Flash memory, see Section “15. C2
Interface” on page 135.
To ensure the integrity of Flash contents, it is strongly recommended that the on-chip VDD Monitor
be enabled in any system that includes code that writes and/or erases Flash memory from software.
8.1.1. Flash Lock and Key Functions
Flash writes and erases by user software are protected with a lock and key function. The Flash Lock and
Key Register (FLKEY) must be written with the correct key codes, in sequence, before Flash operations
may be performed. The key codes are: 0xA5, 0xF1. The timing does not matter, but the codes must be
written in order. If the key codes are written out of order, or the wrong codes are written, Flash writes and
erases will be disabled until the next system reset. Flash writes and erases will also be disabled if a Flash
write or erase is attempted before the key codes have been written properly. The Flash lock resets after
each write or erase; the key codes must be written again before a following Flash operation can be performed. The FLKEY register is detailed in Figure 8.2.
8.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure
The Flash memory can be programmed by software using the MOVX write instruction with the address and
data byte to be programmed provided as normal operands. Before writing to Flash memory using MOVX,
Flash write operations must be enabled by: (1) Writing the Flash key codes in sequence to the Flash Lock
register (FLKEY); and (2) Setting the PSWE Program Store Write Enable bit (PSCTL.0) to logic 1 (this
directs the MOVX writes to target Flash memory). The PSWE bit remains set until cleared by software.
A write to Flash memory can clear bits to logic 0 but cannot set them; only an erase operation can set bits
to logic 1 in Flash. A byte location to be programmed must be erased before a new value is written.
The Flash memory is organized in 512-byte pages. The erase operation applies to an entire page (setting
all bytes in the page to 0xFF). To erase an entire 512-byte page, perform the following steps:
Step 1.
Step 2.
Step 3.
Step 4.
Step 5.
Step 6.
Disable interrupts (recommended).
Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
Set the PSEE bit (register PSCTL).
Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
Using the MOVX instruction, write a data byte to any location within the 512-byte page to
be erased.
Step 7. Clear the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
Step 8. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTI).
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8.1.3. Flash Write Procedure
Flash bytes are programmed by software with the following sequence:
Step 1. Disable interrupts (recommended).
Step 2. Erase the 512-byte Flash page containing the target location, as described in
Section “8.1.2. Flash Erase Procedure” on page 63.
Step 3. Write the first key code to FLKEY: 0xA5.
Step 4. Write the second key code to FLKEY: 0xF1.
Step 5. Set the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
Step 6. Clear the PSEE bit (register PSCTL).
Step 7. Using the MOVX instruction, write a single data byte to the desired location within the 512byte sector.
Step 8. Clear the PSWE bit (register PSCTL).
Steps 3-8 must be repeated for each byte to be written. After Flash writes are complete, PSWE should be
cleared so that MOVX instructions do not target program memory.
Table 8.1. Flash Electrical Characteristics
Parameter
Flash Size
Endurance
Erase Cycle Time
Write Cycle Time
Conditions
C8051F326/7
25 MHz System Clock
25 MHz System Clock
*Note: 512 bytes at location 0x3E00 to 0x3FFF are reserved.
64
Rev. 1.1
Min
16384*
20k
10
40
Typ
—
100k
15
55
Max
—
—
20
70
Units
bytes
Erase/Write
ms
µs
C8051F326/7
8.2.
Non-volatile Data Storage
The Flash memory can be used for non-volatile data storage as well as program code. This allows data
such as calibration coefficients to be calculated and stored at run time. Data is written using the MOVX
write instruction and read using the MOVC instruction.
Note: MOVX read instructions always target XRAM.
8.3.
Security Options
The CIP-51 provides security options to protect the Flash memory from inadvertent modification by software as well as to prevent the viewing of proprietary program code and constants. The Program Store
Write Enable (bit PSWE in register PSCTL) and the Program Store Erase Enable (bit PSEE in register
PSCTL) bits protect the Flash memory from accidental modification by software. PSWE must be explicitly
set to ‘1’ before software can modify the Flash memory; both PSWE and PSEE must be set to ‘1’ before
software can erase Flash memory. Additional security features prevent proprietary program code and data
constants from being read or altered across the C2 interface.
A Security Lock Byte located at the last byte of Flash user space offers protection of the Flash program
memory from access (reads, writes, or erases) by unprotected code or the C2 interface. The Flash security
mechanism allows the user to lock n 512-byte Flash pages, starting at page 0 (addresses 0x0000 to
0x01FF), where n is the 1’s compliment number represented by the Security Lock Byte. See example
below.
Security Lock Byte:
1s Compliment:
Flash pages locked:
Addresses locked:
11111101b
00000010b
2
0x0000 to 0x03FF
Important Notes About the Flash Security:
1. Clearing any bit of the Lock Byte to ‘0’ will lock the Flash page containing the Lock Byte (in
addition to the selected pages).
2. Locked pages cannot be read, written, or erased via the C2 interface.
3. Locked pages cannot be read, written, or erased by user firmware executing from unlocked
memory space.
4. User firmware executing in a locked page may read and write Flash memory in any locked or
unlocked page excluding the reserved area.
5. User firmware executing in a locked page may erase Flash memory in any locked or unlocked
page excluding the reserved area and the page containing the Lock Byte.
6. Locked pages can only be unlocked through the C2 interface with a C2 Device Erase command.
7. If a user firmware Flash access attempt is denied (per restrictions #3, #4, and #5 above), a
Flash Error system reset will be generated.
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Reserved
0x3E00
Lock Byte
Locked when any
other FLASH pages
are locked
0x3DFF
0x3DFE
0x3C00
FLASH memory
organized in 512-byte
pages
Unlocked FLASH Pages
Access limit set
according to the
FLASH security lock
byte
0x0000
Figure 8.1. Flash Program Memory Map and Security Byte
SFR Definition 8.1. PSCTL: Program Store R/W Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
Reserved
PSEE
PSWE
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x8F
Bits7–3: Unused: Read = 00000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit2:
Reserved. Read = 0b. Must Write = 0b.
Bit1:
PSEE: Program Store Erase Enable
Setting this bit (in combination with PSWE) allows an entire page of Flash program memory
to be erased. If this bit is logic 1 and Flash writes are enabled (PSWE is logic 1), a write to
Flash memory using the MOVX instruction will erase the entire page that contains the location addressed by the MOVX instruction. The value of the data byte written does not matter.
0: Flash program memory erasure disabled.
1: Flash program memory erasure enabled.
Bit0:
PSWE: Program Store Write Enable
Setting this bit allows writing a byte of data to the Flash program memory using the MOVX
write instruction. The Flash location should be erased before writing data.
0: Writes to Flash program memory disabled.
1: Writes to Flash program memory enabled; the MOVX write instruction targets Flash
memory.
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SFR Definition 8.2. FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xB7
Bits7–0: FLKEY: Flash Lock and Key Register
Write:
This register must be written to before Flash writes or erases can be performed. Flash
remains locked until this register is written to with the following key codes: 0xA5, 0xF1. The
timing of the writes does not matter, as long as the codes are written in order. The key codes
must be written for each Flash write or erase operation. Flash will be locked until the next
system reset if the wrong codes are written or if a Flash operation is attempted before the
codes have been written correctly.
Read:
When read, bits 1-0 indicate the current Flash lock state.
00: Flash is write/erase locked.
01: The first key code has been written (0xA5).
10: Flash is unlocked (writes/erases allowed).
11: Flash writes/erases disabled until the next reset.
SFR Definition 8.3. FLSCL: Flash Scale
R/W
FOSE
Bit7
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved 10000000
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xB6
Bits7:
FOSE: Flash One-shot Enable
This bit enables the Flash read one-shot. When the Flash one-shot disabled, the Flash
sense amps are enabled for a full clock cycle during Flash reads. At system clock frequencies below 10 MHz, disabling the Flash one-shot will increase system power consumption.
0: Flash one-shot disabled.
1: Flash one-shot enabled.
Bits6–0: Reserved. Read = 0. Must Write 0.
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9.
External RAM
The C8051F326/7 devices include 1280 bytes of on-chip XRAM. This XRAM space is split into user RAM
(addresses 0x0000–0x03FF) and USB0 FIFO space. The USB0 FIFO space is only accessible through the
USB FIFO registers.
0xFFFF
U S B F IF O s
2 5 6 B y te s
S a m e 1 0 2 4 b y te s a s fro m
0 x0 0 0 0 to 0 x 0 3 F F , w ra p p e d
o n 1 K -b y te b o u n d a rie s
0 x0 4 0 0
0 x0 3 F F
0 x0 0 0 0
XRAM
1 0 2 4 B y te s
A c ce ss e d o n ly th ro u g h U S B
F IF O re g iste rs (in a c ce ss ib le
u s in g th e M O V X in s tru ctio n)
A cc e s s e d w ith th e M O V X
in stru c tio n
Figure 9.1. External Ram Memory Map
9.1.
Accessing User XRAM
User XRAM can be accessed using the external move instruction (MOVX) and the data pointer (DPTR), or
using MOVX indirect addressing mode. If the MOVX instruction is used with an 8-bit address operand
(such as @R1), then the high byte of the 16-bit address is provided by the External Memory Interface Control Register (EMI0CN as shown in Figure 9.1). Note: the MOVX instruction is also used for writes to the
Flash memory. See Section “8. Flash Memory” on page 63 for details. The MOVX instruction accesses
XRAM by default.
For any of the addressing modes, the upper 6 bits of the 16-bit external data memory address word are
"don't cares". As a result, the 1024-byte RAM is mapped modulo style over the entire 64k external data
memory address range. For example, the XRAM byte at address 0x0000 is also at address 0x0400,
0x0800, 0x0C00, 0x1000, etc.
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9.2.
Accessing USB FIFO Space
The upper 256 bytes of XRAM functions as USB FIFO space. Figure 9.2 shows an expanded view of the
FIFO space and user XRAM. FIFO space is accessed via USB FIFO registers; see Section “12.5. FIFO
Management” on page 95 for more information on accessing these FIFOs. The FIFO block operates on the
USB clock domain; thus the USB clock must be active when accessing FIFO space.
Important Note: The USB clock must be active when accessing FIFO space.
0x03FF
0xFF
Endpoint0
(64 bytes)
0xC0
0xBF
User XRAM Space
IN (64 bytes)
User XRAM
(1024 bytes)
(System Clock Domain)
USB FIFO Space
(USB Clock Domain)
Endpoint1
OUT (128 bytes)
0x00
0x0000
Figure 9.2. XRAM Memory Map Expanded View
SFR Definition 9.1. EMI0CN: External Memory Interface Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
-
-
-
-
-
-
PGSEL1
PGSEL0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xAA
Bits7–3: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bits2–0: PGSEL[1:0]: XRAM Page Select Bits.
The XRAM Page Select Bits provide the high byte of the 16-bit external data memory
address when using an 8-bit MOVX command, effectively selecting a 256-byte page of
RAM. The upper 6-bits are "don't cares", so the 1k address block is repeated modulo over
the entire 64k external data memory address space.
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10. Oscillators
C8051F326/7 devices include a programmable internal oscillator, an external clock input circuit, a low frequency internal oscillator, and a 4x Clock Multiplier. The internal oscillator can be enabled/disabled and
calibrated using the OSCICN and OSCICL registers, as shown in Figure 10.1. The Low Frequency oscillator can be enabled/disabled and calibrated using the OSCLCN register, as shown in Figure 10.3. The system clock (SYSCLK) can be derived from the internal oscillator, external clock, low frequency oscillator, or
the 4x Clock Multiplier divided by 2. The USB clock (USBCLK) can be derived from the internal oscillator
divided by 2, external clock, or 4x Clock Multiplier. Oscillator electrical specifications are given in
Table 10.3 on page 78.
CLKSEL2
CLKSL1
CLKSL0
CLKSEL
USBCLK1
USBCLK0
IFCN1
IFCN0
OSCLCN
OSCLEN
OSCICN
IOSCEN
IFRDY
SUSPEND
OSCICL
EN
IOSC
Programmable
Internal Clock
Generator
n
OSCLF
EN
SYSCLK
Low Frequency
Oscillator
CMOS
Clock
XTAL2
Input
Circuit
EXOSC
IOSC
x2
x2
EXOSC
IOSC / 2
Clock Multiplier
USBCLK
CLKMUL
OFF (0 Hz)
USBCLK1-0
MULSEL1
MULSEL0
MULEN
MULINIT
MULRDY
EXOSC
Figure 10.1. Oscillator Diagram
10.1. Programmable Internal Oscillator
All C8051F326/7 devices include a programmable internal oscillator that defaults as the system clock after
a system reset. The internal oscillator period can be adjusted via the OSCICL register. On C8051F326/7
devices, OSCICL is factory calibrated to obtain a 12 MHz frequency. Electrical specifications for the precision internal oscillator are given in Table 10.3 on page 78. Note that the system clock may be derived from
the programmed internal oscillator divided by 1, 2, 4, or 8, as defined by the IFCN bits in register OSCICN.
The divide value defaults to 8 following a reset.
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10.1.1. Adjusting the Internal Oscillator on C8051F326/7 Devices
The OSCICL reset value is factory calibrated to result in a 12 MHz internal oscillator with a ±1.5% accuracy; this frequency is suitable for use as the USB clock (see Section “10.5. System and USB Clock Selection” on page 76). Software may adjust the frequency of the internal oscillator using the OSCICL register.
Important Note: Once the internal oscillator frequency has been modified, the internal oscillator may not
be used as the USB clock as described in Section “10.5. System and USB Clock Selection” on page 76.
The internal oscillator frequency will reset to its original factory-calibrated frequency following any device
reset, at which point the oscillator is suitable for use as the USB clock.
10.1.2. Internal Oscillator Suspend Mode
The internal oscillator may be placed in Suspend mode by writing ‘1’ to the SUSPEND bit in register
OSCICN. In Suspend mode, the internal oscillator is stopped until a non-idle USB event is detected (Section “12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)” on page 87) or VBUS matches the polarity selected by
the VBPOL bit in register REG0CN (Section “5.2. VBUS Detection” on page 31). Note that the USB transceiver must be enabled or in Suspend mode for a USB event to be detected.
SFR Definition 10.1. OSCICN: Internal Oscillator Control
R/W
R
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
IOSCEN
IFRDY
SUSPEND
—
—
—
IFCN1
IFCN0
11000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xB2
Bit7:
IOSCEN: Internal Oscillator Enable Bit.
0: Internal Oscillator Disabled.
1: Internal Oscillator Enabled.
Bit6:
IFRDY: Internal Oscillator Frequency Ready Flag.
0: Internal Oscillator is not running at programmed frequency.
1: Internal Oscillator is running at programmed frequency.
Bit5:
SUSPEND: Force Suspend
Writing a ‘1’ to this bit will force the internal oscillator to be stopped. The oscillator will be restarted on the next non-idle USB event (i.e., RESUME signaling) or VBUS interrupt event
(see SFR Definition 5.1).
Bits4–2: Unused. Read = 000b. Write = don't care.
Bits1–0: IFCN1–0: Internal Oscillator Frequency Control Bits.
00: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 8.
01: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 4.
10: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 2.
11: SYSCLK derived from Internal Oscillator divided by 1.
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SFR Definition 10.2. OSCICL: Internal Oscillator Calibration
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
OSCCAL
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Variable
0xB3
Bits4–0: OSCCAL: Oscillator Calibration Value
These bits determine the internal oscillator period.
Note: If the sum of the reset value of OSCCAL and ΔOSCCAL is greater than 31 or less than 0, then the
device will not be capable of producing the desired frequency.
Note: The contents of this register are undefined when Clock Recovery is enabled. See Section
“12.4. USB Clock Configuration” on page 94 for details on Clock Recovery.
Rev. 1.1
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10.2. Internal Low-Frequency (L-F) Oscillator
C8051F326/7 devices include a low-frequency oscillator. The OSCLCN register (see SFR Definition 10.3)
is used to enabled the oscillator.
SFR Definition 10.3. OSCLCN: Internal L-F Oscillator Control
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset Value
OSCLEN
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0xxxxxxx
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xE3
Bit7:
Bit6–0:
OSCLEN: Internal L-F Oscillator Enable.
0: Internal L-F Oscillator Disabled.
1: Internal L-F Oscillator Enabled.
Unused. Read = 0000000b. Write = don’t care.
10.3. CMOS External Clock Input
A CMOS clock can be used as an external clock input. The CMOS clock should be wired to the XTAL2 pin
(P0.3) as shown in Figure 10.1 on Page 71. Port pins must be configured when using the external oscillator circuit. The Port I/O Crossbar should be configured to allow digital inputs be setting INPUTEN (GPIOCN.6). Also, P0.3 should be configured to open drain mode. See Section “11. Port Input/Output” on
page 79 for more information.
74
Rev. 1.1
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10.4. 4x Clock Multiplier
The 4x Clock Multiplier allows a 12 MHz oscillator to generate the 48 MHz clock required for Full Speed
USB communication (see Section “12.4. USB Clock Configuration” on page 94). A divided version of the
Multiplier output can also be used as the system clock. See Section “10.5. System and USB Clock Selection” on page 76 for details on system clock and USB clock source selection.
The 4x Clock Multiplier is configured via the CLKMUL register. The procedure for configuring and enabling
the 4x Clock Multiplier is as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Reset the Multiplier by writing 0x00 to register CLKMUL.
Select the Multiplier input source via the MULSEL bits.
Enable the Multiplier with the MULEN bit (CLKMUL | = 0x80).
Delay for >5 µs.
Initialize the Multiplier with the MULINIT bit (CLKMUL | = 0xC0).
Poll for MULRDY => ‘1’.
Important Note: When using an external clock as the input to the 4x Clock Multiplier, the external source
must be stable before the Multiplier is initialized. See Section “10.5. System and USB Clock Selection” on
page 76 for details on clock selection.
SFR Definition 10.4. CLKMUL: Clock Multiplier Control
R/W
MULEN
Bit7
R/W
R
MULINIT MULRDY
Bit6
Bit5
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
R/W
Reset Value
MULSEL 00000000
Bit0
SFR Address
0xB9
Bit7:
MULEN: Clock Multiplier Enable
0: Clock Multiplier disabled.
1: Clock Multiplier enabled.
Bit6:
MULINIT: Clock Multiplier Initialize
This bit should be a ‘0’ when the Clock Multiplier is enabled. Once enabled, writing a ‘1’ to
this bit will initialize the Clock Multiplier. The MULRDY bit reads ‘1’ when the Clock Multiplier
is stabilized.
Bit5:
MULRDY: Clock Multiplier Ready
This read-only bit indicates the status of the Clock Multiplier.
0: Clock Multiplier not ready.
1: Clock Multiplier ready (locked).
Bits4–1: Unused. Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
MULSEL: Clock Multiplier Input Select
This bit selects the clock supplied to the Clock Multiplier.
MULSEL
0
1
Selected Clock
Internal Oscillator
External Clock
Rev. 1.1
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10.5. System and USB Clock Selection
The internal oscillator requires little start-up time and may be selected as the system or USB clock immediately following the OSCICN write that enables the internal oscillator. If the external clock is selected as the
system or USB clock, then startup times may vary based on the specifications of the external clock.
10.5.1. System Clock Selection
The CLKSL[2:0] bits in register CLKSEL select which oscillator source is used as the system clock.
CLKSL[2:0] must be set to 001b for the system clock to run from the external clock; however the external
clock may still clock certain peripherals (timers, UART, USB) when the internal oscillator is selected as the
system clock. The system clock may be switched on-the-fly between the internal oscillator, external clock,
low frequency oscillator, and 4x Clock Multiplier so long as the selected oscillator is enabled and can provide a stable clock.
10.5.2. USB Clock Selection
The USBCLK[1:0] bits in register CLKSEL select which oscillator source is used as the USB clock. The
USB clock may be derived from the 4x Clock Multiplier output, internal oscillator divided by 2, or an external clock. The USB clock source may also be turned off. The USB clock must be 48 MHz when operating
USB0 as a Full Speed Function; the USB clock must be 6 MHz when operating USB0 as a Low Speed
Function. See Figure 10.5 for USB clock selection options.
Some example USB clock configurations for Full and Low Speed mode are given below:
Table 10.1. Typical USB Full Speed Clock Settings
Clock Signal
USB Clock
Clock Multiplier Input
Internal Oscillator
Clock Signal
USB Clock
Clock Multiplier Input
Port I/O
Internal Oscillator
Input Source Selection
Clock Multiplier
Internal Oscillator*
Divide by 1
External Clock
Input Source Selection
Clock Multiplier
External Clock
12 MHz CMOS Clock
Register Bit Settings
USBCLK = 00b
MULSEL = 0b
IFCN = 11b
Register Bit Settings
USBCLK = 10b
MULSEL = 1b
INPUTEN = 1b (GPIOCN.6)
*Note: Clock Recovery must be enabled for this configuration.
Table 10.2. Typical USB Low Speed Clock Settings
Clock Signal
USB Clock
Internal Oscillator
Clock Signal
USB Clock
Port I/O
76
Internal Oscillator
Input Source Selection
Internal Oscillator / 2
Divide by 1
External Clock
Input Source Selection
External Clock
6 MHz CMOS Clock
Rev. 1.1
Register Bit Settings
USBCLK = 01b
IFCN = 11b
Register Bit Settings
USBCLK = 10b
INPUTEN = 1b (GPIOCN.6)
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 10.5. CLKSEL: Clock Select
R/W
R/W
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
R/W
R/W
USBCLK
Bit5
R/W
R/W
—
Bit4
Bit3
R/W
R/W
CLKSL
Bit2
Bit1
Reset Value
00000000
Bit0
SFR Address
0xA9
Bits7–6: Unused. Read = 0b. Write = don’t care.
Bits5–4: USBCLK1–0: USB Clock Select
These bits select the clock supplied to USB0. When operating USB0 in full-speed mode, the
selected clock should be 48 MHz. When operating USB0 in low-speed mode, the selected
clock should be 6 MHz.
USBCLK
00
01
10
11
Selected Clock
4x Clock Multiplier
Internal Oscillator / 2
External Oscillator
Clock Off (0 Hz)
Bit3:
Unused. Read = 0b. Write = don’t care.
Bits2–0: CLKSL1–0: System Clock Select
These bits select the system clock source.
CLKSL
000
001
010
011
1xx
Selected Clock
Internal Oscillator (as determined by the
IFCN bits in register OSCICN)
External Clock
4x Clock Multiplier / 2
Low Frequency Oscillator
RESERVED
Rev. 1.1
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C8051F326/7
Table 10.3. Internal Oscillator Electrical Characteristics
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
11.82
12
12.18
MHz
—
574
—
µA
Internal High-Frequency Oscillator
Internal Oscillator Frequency Reset Frequency
Internal Oscillator Supply
Current (from VDD)
OSCICN.7 = 1
USB Clock Frequency1
Full Speed Mode
47.88
48
48.12
Low Speed Mode
5.91
6
6.09
MHz
Internal Low-Frequency Oscillator (Using Factory-Calibrated Settings)
Internal Oscillator Frequency
—
88
—
KHz
Internal Oscillator Supply
Current (from VDD)
25 ºC, VDD = 3.0 V,
OSCLCN.7 = 1
—
17
—
µA
Power Supply Sensitivity
Constant Temperature
—
–3 ± 0.12
—
%/V
Temperature Sensitivity
Constant Supply
—
20 ± 8
—
ppm/ºC
Notes:
1. Applies only to external oscillator sources.
2. Represents Mean ± 1 Standard Deviation.
78
Rev. 1.1
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11. Port Input/Output
On-Chip digital resources are available through 15 I/O pins. Port pins are organized as shown in
Figure 11.1. Each of the Port pins can be used as general-purpose I/O (GPIO). Some port pins can be
dedicated to special signals such as /SYSCLK, UART TX and RX, and XTAL2 external clock input.
All Port I/Os are 5 V tolerant (refer to Figure 11.2 for the Port cell circuit). The Port I/O cells are configured
as either push-pull or open-drain in the Port Output Mode registers (PnMDOUT, where n = 0,2,3). Complete Electrical Specifications for Port I/O are given in Table 11.1 on page 85.
GPIOCN.0
/SYSCLK
MUX
(P0.0 - OUT)
P0.0
(P0.0 - IN)
I/O
Cell
P0.0
TMOD.3
/INT0
P0.1
I/O
Cell
P0.1
I/O
Cell
P0.2
I/O
Cell
P0.3
TMOD.3
/INT0
P0.2
XTAL2
P0.3
(P0.4 - IN)
P0.4
(P0.4 - OUT)
I/O
Cell
P0.4
I/O
Cell
P0.5
UART
(P0.5 - IN)
(P0.5 - OUT)
P0.5
P0.6
P0.6
2
I/O
Cells
P0.7
P0.7
P2.0
6
I/O
Cells
P2.0
P2.5
P2.5
C2D
I/O
Cell
P3.0
P3.0
Figure 11.1. Port I/O Functional Block Diagram
Rev. 1.1
79
C8051F326/7
/WEAK-PULLUP
Supply
PUSH-PULL
Logic 0
Supply
(WEAK)
PORT
PAD
PORT-OUTPUT
GND
INPUTEN
PORT-INPUT
Figure 11.2. Port I/O Cell Block Diagram
80
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
11.1. Port I/O Initialization
Port I/O initialization consists of the following steps:
Step 1. Select if the port pin will be used as an output or input.
Step 2. If output, select the output mode: open-drain or push-pull.
Step 3. Configure the PnMDOUT and Pn latches according to the desired input or output
configuration.
Step 4. Select if /SYSCLK will appear on the P0.0 output and configure GPIOCN.0.
Step 5. Enable Global Inputs (INPUTEN = ‘1).
Port pins can be used as digital inputs or outputs. To configure a Port pin as a digital input, write ‘0’ to the
corresponding bit in register PnMDOUT, and write ‘1’ to the corresponding Port latch (register Pn). When a
Port pin is read, the actual voltage at the pin is used to determine a logic 0 or logic 1 value; the Port latch is
write-only.
Digital output pins can be configured to open-drain or push-pull. In open drain mode (corresponding bit in
PnMDOUT is set to ‘0’), the low output driver is turned on when the Port latch is a logic 0 and turned off
when the Port latch is a logic 1. The high output driver is always off, regardless of the Port latch setting. In
open drain mode, an output port pin becomes a high impedance input when the Port latch is a logic 1. An
external pullup resistor is recommended if the pin is intended for use as an output. This mode is useful
when interfacing to 5V logic.
Each port pin has an internal weak pullup that is enabled when the WEAKPUD bit ‘0’, the port output mode
is configured as open-drain, and the port latch is a logic 1 (pin is a high impedance input). The weak pullup
is disabled if the pin is configured to push-pull mode or the Port latch is a logic 0 to avoid unnecessary
power dissipation.
In push-pull mode (corresponding bit in PnMDOUT is set to ‘1’), one of the output drivers will always
remain on. When the Port latch is a logic 0, the low output driver is turned on and the high output driver is
off. When the Port latch is a logic 1, the low output driver is turned off and the high output driver is turned
on. Note that in push-pull mode, the voltage at the port pin will reflect the logic level of the output Port latch.
This mode cannot be used to drive logic levels higher than VIO or VDD.
After each port pin is properly configured as an input or output, special signals can be routed to select port
pins. Special signals include /SYSCLK on P0.0, XTAL2 clock input on P0.3, UART TX on P0.4, and UART
RX on P0.5. The /SYSCLK signal can be routed to P0.0 by setting GPIOCN.0 to ‘1’. The XTAL2 clock input
is always routed to P0.3. The UART TX signal is always enabled, and ANDed with the P0.4 latch. When
using the UART, the P0.4 Port latches should be logic ‘1’ to allow the UART to control the TX pin. If the Port
latch is written ‘0’ at any time, the TX signal will be forced to a logic 0. When the UART is not used, the
value of the TX signal is parked at logic 1 and P0.4 can be used as GPIO.
Important Note: Setting the INPUTEN bit in GPIOCN to ‘1’ globally enables digital inputs. Until global
inputs are enabled, all port pins on the device remain as output only and cannot be used to sense the logic
level on the port pin. INPUTEN must be set to ‘1’ in order to use UART RX, XTAL2, or the /INT0 input.
11.2. General Purpose Port I/O
Port0, Port2, and Port3 are accessed through corresponding special function registers (SFRs) that are
both byte addressable and bit addressable. When writing to a Port, the value written to the SFR is latched
to maintain the output data value at each pin. When reading, the logic levels of the Port's input pins are
returned if INPUTEN is set to ‘1’. The exception to this is the execution of the read-modify-write instructions. The read-modify-write instructions when operating on a Port SFR are the following: ANL, ORL, XRL,
JBC, CPL, INC, DEC, and DJNZ. The MOV, CLR and SETB instructions are also read-modify-write when
the destination is an individual bit in a Port SFR. For these instructions, the value of the register (not the
pin) is read, modified, and written back to the SFR.
Rev. 1.1
81
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SFR Definition 11.1. GPIOCN: Global Port I/O Control
R/W
R/W
WEAKPUD INPUTEN
Bit7
Bit6
R
R
R
R
R
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
SYSCLK
01000000
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xE2
Bit7:
WEAKPUD: Port I/O Weak Pullup Disable.
0: Weak Pullups enabled (except for I/O pins with Port latches set to logic 0 or are configured to push-pull mode).
1: Weak Pullups disabled.
Bit6:
INPUTEN: Global Digital Input Enable.
0: Port I/O input path disabled; Port pins can be used as outputs only.
1: Port I/O input path enabled.
Bits5–1: Unused. Read = 00000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
SYSCLK: /SYSCLK Enable
0: /SYSCLK unavailable at P0.0 pin. P0.0 Latch routed to P0.0 pin.
1: /SYSCLK routed to P0.0. P0.0 Latch unavailable at P0.0 pin.
SFR Definition 11.2. P0: Port0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P0.7
P0.6
P0.5
P0.4
P0.3
P0.2
P0.1
P0.0
11111111
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Reset Value
0x80
Bits7–0: P0.[7:0]
Write - Output appears on I/O pins.
0: Logic Low Output.
1: Logic High Output (high impedance if corresponding P0MDOUT.n bit = 0).
Read - Always reads ‘0’ if INPUTEN = ‘0’. Otherwise, directly reads Port pin.
0: P0.n pin is logic low.
1: P0.n pin is logic high.
SFR Definition 11.3. P0MDOUT: Port0 Output Mode
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xA4
Bits7–0: Output Configuration Bits for P0.7-P0.0 (respectively):
0: Corresponding P0.n Output is open-drain.
1: Corresponding P0.n Output is push-pull.
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SFR Definition 11.4. P2: Port2
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
P2.1
P2.0
11111111
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Reset Value
0xA0
Bits7–6: Unused. Read = 00b. Write = don’t care.
Bits5–0: P2.[5:0]
Write - Output appears on I/O pins.
0: Logic Low Output.
1: Logic High Output (high impedance if corresponding P2MDOUT.n bit = 0).
Read - Always reads ‘0’ if INPUTEN = ‘0’. Otherwise, directly reads Port pin.
0: P2.n pin is logic low.
1: P2.n pin is logic high.
SFR Definition 11.5. P2MDOUT: Port2 Output Mode
R/W
R/W
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xA6
Bits7–6: Unused. Read = 00b. Write = don’t care.
Bits5–0: Output Configuration Bit for P2.5–2.0:
0: P2.0 Output is open-drain.
1: P2.0 Output is push-pull.
SFR Definition 11.6. P3: Port3
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
P3.0
11111111
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Reset Value
0xB0
Bits7–1: Unused. Read = 0000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
P3.0
Write - Output appears on I/O pins.
0: Logic Low Output.
1: Logic High Output (high impedance if corresponding P3MDOUT.n bit = 0).
Read - Always reads ‘0’ if INPUTEN = ‘0’. Otherwise, directly reads Port pin.
0: P3.n pin is logic low.
1: P3.n pin is logic high.
Rev. 1.1
83
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 11.7. P3MDOUT: Port3 Output Mode
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xA7
Bits7–1: Unused. Read = 0000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit0:
Output Configuration Bit for P3.0:
0: P3.0 Output is open-drain.
1: P3.0 Output is push-pull.
84
Rev. 1.1
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Table 11.1. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics (C8051F326)
VDD = 2.7 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VIO – 0.1
VIO – 0.7
—
—
—
VIO – 0.8
—
—
—
V
—
—
—
—
—
1.0
0.1
0.6
—
V
Input High Voltage
2.0
—
—
V
Input Low Voltage
—
—
0.8
V
Input Leakage Current Weak Pullup Off
Weak Pullup On, VIN = 0 V
—
—
—
25
±1
50
µA
VIO – 0.1
VIO – 0.4
—
—
—
—
V
—
—
—
—
0.1
0.4
V
Input High Voltage
VDD x 0.7
—
—
V
Input Low Voltage
—
—
VDD x
0.3
V
Input Leakage Current Weak Pullup Off
Weak Pullup On, VIN = 0 V
—
—
—
6
±1
15
µA
Max
Units
—
—
—
V
VIO = 2.7 to 3.6 V
Output High Voltage
IOH = –10 µA; Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –3 mA; Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –10 mA; Port I/O push-pull
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 10 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
IOL = 25 mA
VIO = 1.8 V
Output High Voltage
IOH = –10 µA; Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –1 mA; Port I/O push-pull
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 10 µA
IOL = 3 mA
Table 11.2. Port I/O DC Electrical Characteristics (C8051F327)
VDD = 2.7 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified
Parameter
Conditions
Min
Output High Voltage
IOH = –10 µA; Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –3 mA; Port I/O push-pull
IOH = –10 mA; Port I/O push-pull
Output Low Voltage
IOL = 10 µA
IOL = 8.5 mA
IOL = 25 mA
Typ
VDD – 0.1
—
VDD – 0.7
—
—
VDD – 0.8
—
—
—
—
—
1.0
0.1
0.6
—
V
Input High Voltage
2.0
—
—
V
Input Low Voltage
—
—
0.8
V
Input Leakage Current Weak Pullup Off
Weak Pullup On, VIN = 0 V
—
—
—
25
±1
50
µA
Rev. 1.1
85
C8051F326/7
NOTES:
86
Rev. 1.1
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12. Universal Serial Bus Controller (USB0)
C8051F326/7 devices include a complete Full/Low Speed USB function for USB peripheral implementations*. The USB Function Controller (USB0) consists of a Serial Interface Engine (SIE), USB Transceiver
(including matching resistors and configurable pullup resistors), 256 Byte FIFO block, and clock recovery
mechanism for crystal-less operation. No external components are required. The USB Function Controller
and Transceiver is Universal Serial Bus Specification 2.0 compliant.
*Note: The C8051F326/7 cannot be used as a USB Host device.
Transceiver
Serial Interface Engine (SIE)
Endpoint0
VDD
IN/OUT
D+
Data
Transfer
Control
D-
Endpoint1
IN
USB
Control,
Status, and
Interrupt
Registers
CIP-51 Core
OUT
USB FIFOs
(256B RAM)
Figure 12.1. USB0 Block Diagram
Note: This document assumes a comprehensive understanding of the USB Protocol. Terms and abbreviations used
in this document are defined in the USB Specification. We encourage you to review the latest version of the
USB Specification before proceeding.
Rev. 1.1
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12.1. Endpoint Addressing
A total of three endpoint pipes are available. The control endpoint (Endpoint0) always functions as a
bi-directional IN/OUT endpoint. Endpoint 1 is implemented as a 64 byte IN pipe and a 128 byte OUT pipe:
Table 12.1. Endpoint Addressing Scheme
Endpoint
Endpoint0
Endpoint1
Associated Pipes
Endpoint0 IN
Endpoint0 OUT
Endpoint1 IN
Endpoint1 OUT
USB Protocol Address
0x00
0x00
0x81
0x01
12.2. USB Transceiver
The USB Transceiver is configured via the USB0XCN register shown in Figure 12.1. This configuration
includes Transceiver enable/disable, pullup resistor enable/disable, and device speed selection (Full or
Low Speed). When bit SPEED = ‘1’, USB0 operates as a Full Speed USB function, and the on-chip pullup
resistor (if enabled) appears on the D+ pin. When bit SPEED = ‘0’, USB0 operates as a Low Speed USB
function, and the on-chip pullup resistor (if enabled) appears on the D- pin. Bits4-0 of register USB0XCN
can be used for Transceiver testing as described in Figure 12.1. The pullup resistor is enabled only when
VBUS is present (see Section “5.2. VBUS Detection” on page 31 for details on VBUS detection).
Important Note: The USB clock should be active before the Transceiver is enabled.
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USB Register Definition 12.1. USB0XCN: USB0 Transceiver Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
PREN
PHYEN
SPEED
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
R/W
R/W
PHYTST1 PHYTST0
Bit4
Bit3
R
R
R
Reset Value
DFREC
Dp
Dn
00000000
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0xD7
Bit7:
PREN: Internal Pullup Resistor Enable
The location of the pullup resistor (D+ or D-) is determined by the SPEED bit.
0: Internal pullup resistor disabled (device effectively detached from the USB network).
1: Internal pullup resistor enabled when VBUS is present (device attached to the USB network).
Bit6:
PHYEN: Physical Layer Enable
This bit enables/disables the USB0 physical layer transceiver.
0: Transceiver disabled (suspend).
1: Transceiver enabled (normal).
Bit5:
SPEED: USB0 Speed Select
This bit selects the USB0 speed.
0: USB0 operates as a Low Speed device. If enabled, the internal pullup resistor appears on
the D- line.
1: USB0 operates as a Full Speed device. If enabled, the internal pullup resistor appears on
the D+ line.
Bits4–3: PHYTST1-0: Physical Layer Test
These bits can be used to test the USB0 transceiver.
PHYTST[1:0]
00b
01b
10b
11b
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
Mode
Mode 0: Normal (non-test mode)
Mode 1: Differential ‘1’ Forced
Mode 2: Differential ‘0’ Forced
Mode 3: Single-Ended ‘0’ Forced
D+
X
1
0
0
D–
X
0
1
0
DFREC: Differential Receiver
The state of this bit indicates the current differential value present on the D+ and D- lines
when PHYEN = ‘1’.
0: Differential ‘0’ signaling on the bus.
1: Differential ‘1’ signaling on the bus.
Dp: D+ Signal Status
This bit indicates the current logic level of the D+ pin.
0: D+ signal currently at logic 0.
1: D+ signal currently at logic 1.
Dn: D- Signal Status
This bit indicates the current logic level of the D- pin.
0: D- signal currently at logic 0.
1: D- signal currently at logic 1.
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12.3. USB Register Access
The USB0 controller registers listed in Table 12.2 are accessed through two SFRs: USB0 Address
(USB0ADR) and USB0 Data (USB0DAT). The USB0ADR register selects which USB register is targeted
by reads/writes of the USB0DAT register. See Figure 12.2.
Endpoint control/status registers are accessed by first writing the USB register INDEX with the target endpoint number. Once the target endpoint number is written to the INDEX register, the control/status registers
associated with the target endpoint may be accessed. See the “Indexed Registers” section of Table 12.2
for a list of endpoint control/status registers.
Important Note: The USB clock must be active when accessing USB registers.
8051
SFRs
USB Controller
Interrupt
Registers
FIFO
Access
Common
Registers
Index
Register
USB0DAT
Endpoint0 Control/
Status Registers
Endpoint1 Control/
Status Registers
USB0ADR
Figure 12.2. USB0 Register Access Scheme
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USB Register Definition 12.2. USB0ADR: USB0 Indirect Address
R/W
R/W
BUSY
AUTORD
Bit7
Bit6
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
USBADDR
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Reset Value
00000000
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x96
Bits7:
BUSY: USB0 Register Read Busy Flag
This bit is used during indirect USB0 register accesses. Software should write ‘1’ to this bit to
initiate a read of the USB0 register targeted by the USBADDR bits (USB0ADR.[5-0]). The
target address and BUSY bit may be written in the same write to USB0ADR. After BUSY is
set to ‘1’, hardware will clear BUSY when the targeted register data is ready in the
USB0DAT register. Software should check BUSY for ‘0’ before writing to USB0DAT.
Write:
0: No effect.
1: A USB0 indirect register read is initiated at the address specified by the USBADDR bits.
Read:
0: USB0DAT register data is valid.
1: USB0 is busy accessing an indirect register; USB0DAT register data is invalid.
Bit6:
AUTORD: USB0 Register Auto-read Flag
This bit is used for block FIFO reads.
0: BUSY must be written manually for each USB0 indirect register read.
1: The next indirect register read will automatically be initiated when software reads
USB0DAT (USBADDR bits will not be changed).
Bits5–0: USBADDR: USB0 Indirect Register Address
These bits hold a 6-bit address used to indirectly access the USB0 core registers. Table 12.2
lists the USB0 core registers and their indirect addresses. Reads and writes to USB0DAT
will target the register indicated by the USBADDR bits.
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USB Register Definition 12.3. USB0DAT: USB0 Data
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
USB0DAT
Bit3
00000000
0x97
This SFR is used to indirectly read and write USB0 registers.
Write Procedure:
1. Poll for BUSY (USB0ADR.7) => ‘0’.
2. Load the target USB0 register address into the USBADDR bits in register USB0ADR.
3. Write data to USB0DAT.
4. Repeat (Step 2 may be skipped when writing to the same USB0 register).
Read Procedure:
1. Poll for BUSY (USB0ADR.7) => ‘0’.
2. Load the target USB0 register address into the USBADDR bits in register USB0ADR.
3. Write ‘1’ to the BUSY bit in register USB0ADR (steps 2 and 3 can be performed in the
same write).
4. Poll for BUSY (USB0ADR.7) => ‘0’.
5. Read data from USB0DAT.
6. Repeat from Step 2 (Step 2 may be skipped when reading the same USB0 register; Step 3
may be skipped when the AUTORD bit (USB0ADR.6) is logic 1).
USB Register Definition 12.4. INDEX: USB0 Endpoint Index
R
R
R
R
—
—
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EPSEL
Bit3
Bit2
Reset Value
00000000
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x0E
Bits7–4: Unused. Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care.
Bits3–0: EPSEL: Endpoint Select
These bits select which endpoint is targeted when indexed USB0 registers are accessed.
INDEX
0x0
0x1
0x2–0xF
92
Target Endpoint
0
1
RESERVED
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Table 12.2. USB0 Controller Registers
USB Register
Name
USB Register
Address
IN1INT
OUT1INT
CMINT
IN1IE
OUT1IE
CMIE
0x02
0x04
0x06
0x07
0x09
0x0B
FADDR
POWER
FRAMEL
FRAMEH
INDEX
CLKREC
FIFOn
0x00
0x01
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x20-0x21
E0CSR
EINCSRL
EINCSRH
EOUTCSRL
EOUTCSRH
E0CNT
EOUTCNTL
EOUTCNTH
0x11
0x12
0x14
0x15
0x16
0x17
Description
Interrupt Registers
Endpoint0 and Endpoint1 IN Interrupt Flags
Endpoint1 OUT Interrupt Flag
Common USB Interrupt Flags
Endpoint0 and Endpoint1 IN Interrupt Enables
Endpoint1 OUT Interrupt Enable
Common USB Interrupt Enable
Common Registers
Function Address
Power Management
Frame Number Low Byte
Frame Number High Byte
Endpoint Index Selection
Clock Recovery Control
Endpoints0-1 FIFOs
Indexed Registers
Endpoint0 Control / Status
Endpoint IN Control / Status Low Byte
Endpoint IN Control / Status High Byte
Endpoint OUT Control / Status Low Byte
Endpoint OUT Control / Status High Byte
Number of Received Bytes in Endpoint0 FIFO
Endpoint OUT Packet Count Low Byte
Endpoint OUT Packet Count High Byte
Rev. 1.1
Page Number
101
101
102
102
103
103
97
99
100
100
92
94
96
106
110
111
113
114
107
114
114
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12.4. USB Clock Configuration
USB0 is capable of communication as a Full or Low Speed USB function. Communication speed is
selected via the SPEED bit in SFR USB0XCN. When operating as a Low Speed function, the USB0 clock
must be 6 MHz. When operating as a Full Speed function, the USB0 clock must be 48 MHz. Clock options
are described in Section “10. Oscillators” on page 71. The USB0 clock is selected via SFR CLKSEL (see
Figure 10.5 on Page 77). The USB transceiver must be enabled before enabling Clock Recovery.
Clock Recovery circuitry uses the incoming USB data stream to adjust the internal oscillator; this allows
the internal oscillator (and 4x Clock Multiplier) to meet the requirements for USB clock tolerance. Clock
Recovery should be used in the following configurations:
Communication Speed
Full Speed
Low Speed
USB Clock
4x Clock Multiplier
Internal Oscillator/2
4x Clock Multiplier Input
Internal Oscillator
N/A
When operating USB0 as a Low Speed function with Clock Recovery, software must write ‘1’ to the
CRLOW bit to enable Low Speed Clock Recovery. Clock Recovery is typically not necessary in Low Speed
mode.
Single Step Mode can be used to help the Clock Recovery circuitry to lock when high noise levels are present on the USB network. This mode is not required (or recommended) in typical USB environments.
USB Register Definition 12.5. CLKREC: Clock Recovery Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
CRE
CRSSEN
CRLOW
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reserved
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Reset Value
00001001
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x0F
Bit7:
CRE: Clock Recovery Enable.
This bit enables/disables the USB clock recovery feature.
0: Clock recovery disabled.
1: Clock recovery enabled.
Bit6:
CRSSEN: Clock Recovery Single Step.
This bit forces the oscillator calibration into ‘single-step’ mode during clock recovery.
0: Normal calibration mode.
1: Single step mode.
Bit5:
CRLOW: Low Speed Clock Recovery Mode.
This bit must be set to ‘1’ if clock recovery is used when operating as a Low Speed USB
device.
0: Full Speed Mode.
1: Low Speed Mode.
Bits4–0: Reserved. Read = Variable. Must Write = 01001b.
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12.5. FIFO Management
256 bytes of on-chip XRAM are used as FIFO space for USB0. This FIFO space is split between Endpoint0
and Endpoint1 as shown in Figure 12.3. FIFO space allocated for Endpoint1 is split into an IN and an OUT
endpoint.
0xFF
Endpoint0
(64 bytes)
Endpoint0 (IN/OUT)
Control Endpoint
0xC0
0xBF
IN (64 bytes)
Endpoint1 (Split IN/OUT)
Endpoint1
OUT (128 bytes)
0x00
USB Clock Domain
System Clock Domain
0x03FF
User XRAM
(1024 bytes)
0x0000
Figure 12.3. USB FIFO Allocation
12.5.1. FIFO Split Mode
The FIFO space for Endpoint1 is split such that the upper 64 bytes of the FIFO space is used by the IN
endpoint, and the lower 128 bytes is used by the OUT endpoint.
The FIFO space for Endpoint0 is not split. The 64 byte FIFO space forms a single IN or OUT FIFO.
Endpoint0 can transfer data in one direction at a time. The endpoint direction (IN/OUT) is determined by
the DIRSEL bit in the corresponding endpoint’s EINCSRH register (see Figure 12.20).
12.5.2. FIFO Double Buffering
The Endpoint1 FIFO can be configured for double-buffered mode. In this mode, the maximum packet size
is halved and the FIFO may contain two packets at a time. This mode is only available for Endpoint1. Double buffering may be enabled for the IN Endpoint and/or the OUT endpoint. See Table 12.3 for a list of
maximum packet sizes for each FIFO configuration.
Table 12.3. FIFO Configurations
Endpoint
Number
Split Mode
Enabled?
0
1
N/A
Y
Maximum IN Packet Size
Maximum OUT Packet
(Double Buffer Disabled / Size (Double Buffer DisEnabled)
abled / Enabled)
64
64 / 32
128 / 64
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12.5.1. FIFO Access
Each endpoint FIFO is accessed through a corresponding FIFOn register. A read of an endpoint FIFOn
register unloads one byte from the FIFO; a write of an endpoint FIFOn register loads one byte into the endpoint FIFO. When an endpoint FIFO is configured for Split Mode, a read of the endpoint FIFOn register
unloads one byte from the OUT endpoint FIFO; a write of the endpoint FIFOn register loads one byte into
the IN endpoint FIFO.
USB Register Definition 12.6. FIFOn: USB0 Endpoint FIFO Access
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
FIFODATA
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Reset Value
00000000
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x20–0x23
USB Addresses 0x20–0x21 provide access to the 2 pairs of endpoint FIFOs:
IN/OUT Endpoint FIFO
0
1
USB Address
0x20
0x21
Writing to the FIFO address loads data into the IN FIFO for the corresponding endpoint.
Reading from the FIFO address unloads data from the OUT FIFO for the corresponding
endpoint.
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12.6. Function Addressing
The FADDR register holds the current USB0 function address. Software should write the host-assigned
7-bit function address to the FADDR register when received as part of a SET_ADDRESS command. A new
address written to FADDR will not take effect (USB0 will not respond to the new address) until the end of
the current transfer (typically following the status phase of the SET_ADDRESS command transfer). The
UPDATE bit (FADDR.7) is set to ‘1’ by hardware when software writes a new address to the FADDR register. Hardware clears the UPDATE bit when the new address takes effect as described above.
USB Register Definition 12.7. FADDR: USB0 Function Address
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Update
Bit7
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
Function Address
Bit3
00000000
0x00
Bit7:
Update: Function Address Update
Set to ‘1’ when software writes the FADDR register. USB0 clears this bit to ‘0’ when the new
address takes effect.
0: The last address written to FADDR is in effect.
1: The last address written to FADDR is not yet in effect.
Bits6–0: Function Address
Holds the 7-bit function address for USB0. This address should be written by software when
the SET_ADDRESS standard device request is received on Endpoint0. The new address
takes effect when the device request completes.
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12.7. Function Configuration and Control
The USB register POWER (Figure 12.8) is used to configure and control USB0 at the device level (enable/
disable, Reset/Suspend/Resume handling, etc.).
USB Reset: The USBRST bit (POWER.3) is set to ‘1’ by hardware when Reset signaling is detected on
the bus. Upon this detection, the following occur:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The USB0 Address is reset (FADDR = 0x00).
Endpoint FIFOs are flushed.
Control/status registers are reset to 0x00 (E0CSR, EINCSRL, EINCSRH, EOUTCSRL, EOUTCSRH).
USB register INDEX is reset to 0x00.
All USB interrupts (excluding the Suspend interrupt) are enabled and their corresponding flags cleared.
A USB Reset interrupt is generated if enabled.
Writing a ‘1’ to the USBRST bit will generate an asynchronous USB0 reset. All USB registers are reset to
their default values following this asynchronous reset.
Suspend Mode: With Suspend Detection enabled (SUSEN = ‘1’), USB0 will enter Suspend Mode when
Suspend signaling is detected on the bus. An interrupt will be generated if enabled (SUSINTE = ‘1’). The
Suspend Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) should perform application-specific configuration tasks such as
disabling appropriate peripherals and/or configuring clock sources for low power modes. See Section
“10. Oscillators” on page 71 for more details on internal oscillator configuration, including the Suspend
mode feature of the internal oscillator.
USB0 exits Suspend mode when any of the following occur: (1) Resume signaling is detected or generated, (2) Reset signaling is detected, or (3) a device or USB reset occurs. If suspended, the internal oscillator will exit Suspend mode upon any of the above listed events.
Resume Signaling: USB0 will exit Suspend mode if Resume signaling is detected on the bus. A Resume
interrupt will be generated upon detection if enabled (RESINTE = ‘1’). Software may force a Remote
Wakeup by writing ‘1’ to the RESUME bit (POWER.2). When forcing a Remote Wakeup, software should
write RESUME = ‘0’ to end Resume signaling 10-15 ms after the Remote Wakeup is initiated (RESUME =
‘1’).
ISO Update: When software writes ‘1’ to the ISOUP bit (POWER.7), the ISO Update function is enabled.
With ISO Update enabled, new packets written to an ISO IN endpoint will not be transmitted until a new
Start-Of-Frame (SOF) is received. If the ISO IN endpoint receives an IN token before a SOF, USB0 will
transmit a zero-length packet. When ISOUP = ‘1’, ISO Update is enabled for all ISO endpoints.
USB Enable: USB0 is disabled following a Power-On-Reset (POR). USB0 is enabled by clearing the
USBINH bit (POWER.4). Once written to ‘0’, the USBINH can only be set to ‘1’ by one of the following: (1)
a Power-On-Reset (POR), or (2) an asynchronous USB0 reset generated by writing ‘1’ to the USBRST bit
(POWER.3).
Software should perform all USB0 configuration before enabling USB0. The configuration sequence
should be performed as follows:
Step 1.
Step 2.
Step 3.
Step 4.
Step 5.
98
Select and enable the USB clock source.
Reset USB0 by writing USBRST= ‘1’.
Configure and enable the USB Transceiver.
Perform any USB0 function configuration (interrupts, Suspend detect).
Enable USB0 by writing USBINH = ‘0’.
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USB Register Definition 12.8. POWER: USB0 Power
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
ISOUD
-
-
USBINH
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
R/W
R/W
USBRST RESUME
Bit3
Bit2
R
R/W
Reset Value
SUSMD
SUSEN
00010000
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x01
Bit7:
ISOUD: ISO Update
This bit affects all IN Isochronous endpoints.
0: When software writes INPRDY = ‘1’, USB0 will send the packet when the next IN token is
received.
1: When software writes INPRDY = ‘1’, USB0 will wait for a SOF token before sending the
packet. If an IN token is received before a SOF token, USB0 will send a zero-length data
packet.
Bits6–5: Unused. Read = 00b. Write = don’t care.
Bit4:
USBINH: USB0 Inhibit
This bit is set to ‘1’ following a power-on reset (POR) or an asynchronous USB0 reset (see
Bit3: RESET). Software should clear this bit after all USB0 and transceiver initialization is
complete. Software cannot set this bit to ‘1’.
0: USB0 enabled.
1: USB0 inhibited. All USB traffic is ignored.
Bit3:
USBRST: Reset Detect
Writing ‘1’ to this bit forces an asynchronous USB0 reset. Reading this bit provides bus reset
status information.
Read:
0: Reset signaling is not present on the bus.
1: Reset signaling detected on the bus.
Bit2:
RESUME: Force Resume
Software can force resume signaling on the bus to wake USB0 from suspend mode. Writing
a ‘1’ to this bit while in Suspend mode (SUSMD = ‘1’) forces USB0 to generate Resume signaling on the bus (a remote Wakeup event). Software should write RESUME = ‘0’ after
10 ms to15 ms to end the Resume signaling. An interrupt is generated, and hardware clears
SUSMD, when software writes RESUME = ‘0’.
Bit1:
SUSMD: Suspend Mode
Set to ‘1’ by hardware when USB0 enters suspend mode. Cleared by hardware when software writes RESUME = ‘0’ (following a remote wakeup) or after detection of Resume signaling on the bus.
0: USB0 not in suspend mode.
1: USB0 in suspend mode.
Bit0:
SUSEN: Suspend Detection Enable
0: Suspend detection disabled. USB0 will ignore suspend signaling on the bus.
1: Suspend detection enabled. USB0 will enter suspend mode if it detects suspend signaling
on the bus.
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USB Register Definition 12.9. FRAMEL: USB0 Frame Number Low
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Frame Number Low
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Reset Value
00000000
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x0C
Bits7–0: Frame Number Low
This register contains bits7-0 of the last received frame number.
USB Register Definition 12.10. FRAMEH: USB0 Frame Number High
R
R
R
R
R
—
—
—
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
R
R
R
Frame Number High
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Reset Value
00000000
USB Address:
0x0D
Bits7–3: Unused. Read = 00000b. Write = don’t care.
Bits2–0: Frame Number High Byte
This register contains bits10-8 of the last received frame number.
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12.8. Interrupts
The read-only USB0 interrupt flags are located in the USB registers shown in Figure 12.11 through
Figure 12.13. The associated interrupt enable bits are located in the USB registers shown in Figure 12.14
through Figure 12.16. A USB0 interrupt is generated when any of the USB interrupt flags is set to ‘1’. The
USB0 interrupt is enabled via the EIE1 SFR (see Section “6.3. Interrupt Handler” on page 48).
Important Note: Reading a USB interrupt flag register resets all flags in that register to ‘0’.
USB Register Definition 12.11. IN1INT: USB0 IN Endpoint Interrupt
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
IN1
EP0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x02
Bits7–2: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit1:
IN1: IN Endpoint 1 Interrupt-pending Flag
This bit is cleared when software reads the IN1INT register.
0: IN Endpoint 1 interrupt inactive.
1: IN Endpoint 1 interrupt active.
Bit0:
EP0: Endpoint 0 Interrupt-pending Flag
This bit is cleared when software reads the IN1INT register.
0: Endpoint 0 interrupt inactive.
1: Endpoint 0 interrupt active.
USB Register Definition 12.12. OUT1INT: USB0 Out Endpoint Interrupt
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
OUT1
—
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x04
Bits7–2: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit1:
OUT1: OUT Endpoint 1 Interrupt-pending Flag
This bit is cleared when software reads the OUT1INT register.
0: OUT Endpoint 1 interrupt inactive.
1: OUT Endpoint 1 interrupt active.
Bit0:
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
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USB Register Definition 12.13. CMINT: USB0 Common Interrupt
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
SOF
RSTINT
RSUINT
SUSINT
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x06
Bits7–4: Unused. Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit3:
SOF: Start of Frame Interrupt
Set by hardware when a SOF token is received. This interrupt event is synthesized by hardware: an interrupt will be generated when hardware expects to receive a SOF event, even if
the actual SOF signal is missed or corrupted.
This bit is cleared when software reads the CMINT register.
0: SOF interrupt inactive.
1: SOF interrupt active.
Bit2:
RSTINT: Reset Interrupt-pending Flag
Set by hardware when Reset signaling is detected on the bus.
This bit is cleared when software reads the CMINT register.
0: Reset interrupt inactive.
1: Reset interrupt active.
Bit1:
RSUINT: Resume Interrupt-pending Flag
Set by hardware when Resume signaling is detected on the bus while USB0 is in suspend
mode.
This bit is cleared when software reads the CMINT register.
0: Resume interrupt inactive.
1: Resume interrupt active.
Bit0:
SUSINT: Suspend Interrupt-pending Flag
When Suspend detection is enabled (bit SUSEN in register POWER), this bit is set by hardware when Suspend signaling is detected on the bus. This bit is cleared when software
reads the CMINT register.
0: Suspend interrupt inactive.
1: Suspend interrupt active.
USB Register Definition 12.14. IN1IE: USB0 IN Endpoint Interrupt Enable
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
IN1E
EP0E
00000011
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x07
Bits7–2: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit1:
IN1E: IN Endpoint 1 Interrupt Enable
0: IN Endpoint 1 interrupt disabled.
1: IN Endpoint 1 interrupt enabled.
Bit0:
EP0E: Endpoint 0 Interrupt Enable
0: Endpoint 0 interrupt disabled.
1: Endpoint 0 interrupt enabled.
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USB Register Definition 12.15. OUT1IE: USB0 Out Endpoint Interrupt Enable
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
—
—
OUT1E
—
00000010
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x09
Bits7–2: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit1:
OUT1E: OUT Endpoint 1 Interrupt Enable
0: OUT Endpoint 1 interrupt disabled.
1: OUT Endpoint 1 interrupt enabled.
Bit0:
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t’ care.
USB Register Definition 12.16. CMIE: USB0 Common Interrupt Enable
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
SOFE
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
RSTINTE RSUINTE SUSINTE 00000110
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x0B
Bits7–4: Unused. Read = 0000b. Write = don’t care.
Bit3:
SOFE: Start of Frame Interrupt Enable
0: SOF interrupt disabled.
1: SOF interrupt enabled.
Bit2:
RSTINTE: Reset Interrupt Enable
0: Reset interrupt disabled.
1: Reset interrupt enabled.
Bit1:
RSUINTE: Resume Interrupt Enable
0: Resume interrupt disabled.
1: Resume interrupt enabled.
Bit0:
SUSINTE: Suspend Interrupt Enable
0: Suspend interrupt disabled.
1: Suspend interrupt enabled.
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12.9. The Serial Interface Engine
The Serial Interface Engine (SIE) performs all low level USB protocol tasks, interrupting the processor
when data has successfully been transmitted or received. When receiving data, the SIE will interrupt the
processor when a complete data packet has been received; appropriate handshaking signals are automatically generated by the SIE. When transmitting data, the SIE will interrupt the processor when a complete
data packet has been transmitted and the appropriate handshake signal has been received.
The SIE will not interrupt the processor when corrupted/erroneous packets are received.
12.10. Endpoint0
Endpoint0 is managed through the USB register E0CSR (Figure 12.17). The INDEX register must be
loaded with 0x00 to access the E0CSR register.
An Endpoint0 interrupt is generated when:
1. A data packet (OUT or SETUP) has been received and loaded into the Endpoint0 FIFO. The
OPRDY bit (E0CSR.0) is set to ‘1’ by hardware.
2. An IN data packet has successfully been unloaded from the Endpoint0 FIFO and transmitted
to the host; INPRDY is reset to ‘0’ by hardware.
3. An IN transaction is completed (this interrupt generated during the status stage of the transaction).
4. Hardware sets the STSTL bit (E0CSR.2) after a control transaction ended due to a protocol
violation.
5. Hardware sets the SUEND bit (E0CSR.4) because a control transfer ended before firmware
sets the DATAEND bit (E0CSR.3).
The E0CNT register (Figure 12.18) holds the number of received data bytes in the Endpoint0 FIFO.
Hardware will automatically detect protocol errors and send a STALL condition in response. Firmware may
force a STALL condition to abort the current transfer. When a STALL condition is generated, the STSTL bit
will be set to ‘1’ and an interrupt generated. The following conditions will cause hardware to generate a
STALL condition:
1. The host sends an OUT token during a OUT data phase after the DATAEND bit has been set
to ‘1’.
2. The host sends an IN token during an IN data phase after the DATAEND bit has been set to
‘1’.
3. The host sends a packet that exceeds the maximum packet size for Endpoint0.
4. The host sends a non-zero length DATA1 packet during the status phase of an IN transaction.
Firmware sets the SDSTL bit (E0CSR.5) to ‘1’.
12.10.1.Endpoint0 SETUP Transactions
All control transfers must begin with a SETUP packet. SETUP packets are similar to OUT packets, containing an 8-byte data field sent by the host. Any SETUP packet containing a command field of anything other
than 8 bytes will be automatically rejected by USB0. An Endpoint0 interrupt is generated when the data
from a SETUP packet is loaded into the Endpoint0 FIFO. Software should unload the command from the
Endpoint0 FIFO, decode the command, perform any necessary tasks, and set the SOPRDY bit to indicate
that it has serviced the OUT packet.
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12.10.2.Endpoint0 IN Transactions
When a SETUP request is received that requires USB0 to transmit data to the host, one or more IN
requests will be sent by the host. For the first IN transaction, firmware should load an IN packet into the
Endpoint0 FIFO, and set the INPRDY bit (E0CSR.1). An interrupt will be generated when an IN packet is
transmitted successfully. Note that no interrupt will be generated if an IN request is received before firmware has loaded a packet into the Endpoint0 FIFO. If the requested data exceeds the maximum packet
size for Endpoint0 (as reported to the host), the data should be split into multiple packets; each packet
should be of the maximum packet size excluding the last (residual) packet. If the requested data is an integer multiple of the maximum packet size for Endpoint0, the last data packet should be a zero-length packet
signaling the end of the transfer. Firmware should set the DATAEND bit to ‘1’ after loading into the
Endpoint0 FIFO the last data packet for a transfer.
Upon reception of the first IN token for a particular control transfer, Endpoint0 is said to be in Transmit
Mode. In this mode, only IN tokens should be sent by the host to Endpoint0. The SUEND bit (E0CSR.4) is
set to ‘1’ if a SETUP or OUT token is received while Endpoint0 is in Transmit Mode.
Endpoint0 will remain in Transmit Mode until any of the following occur:
1. USB0 receives an Endpoint0 SETUP or OUT token.
2. Firmware sends a packet less than the maximum Endpoint0 packet size.
3. Firmware sends a zero-length packet.
Firmware should set the DATAEND bit (E0CSR.3) to ‘1’ when performing (2) and (3) above.
The SIE will transmit a NAK in response to an IN token if there is no packet ready in the IN FIFO
(INPRDY = ‘0’).
12.10.3.Endpoint0 OUT Transactions
When a SETUP request is received that requires the host to transmit data to USB0, one or more OUT
requests will be sent by the host. When an OUT packet is successfully received by USB0, hardware will set
the OPRDY bit (E0CSR.0) to ‘1’ and generate an Endpoint0 interrupt. Following this interrupt, firmware
should unload the OUT packet from the Endpoint0 FIFO and set the SOPRDY bit (E0CSR.6) to ‘1’.
If the amount of data required for the transfer exceeds the maximum packet size for Endpoint0, the data
will be split into multiple packets. If the requested data is an integer multiple of the maximum packet size
for Endpoint0 (as reported to the host), the host will send a zero-length data packet signaling the end of the
transfer.
Upon reception of the first OUT token for a particular control transfer, Endpoint0 is said to be in Receive
Mode. In this mode, only OUT tokens should be sent by the host to Endpoint0. The SUEND bit (E0CSR.4)
is set to ‘1’ if a SETUP or IN token is received while Endpoint0 is in Receive Mode.
Endpoint0 will remain in Receive mode until:
1. The SIE receives a SETUP or IN token.
2. The host sends a packet less than the maximum Endpoint0 packet size.
3. The host sends a zero-length packet.
Firmware should set the DATAEND bit (E0CSR.3) to ‘1’ when the expected amount of data has been
received. The SIE will transmit a STALL condition if the host sends an OUT packet after the DATAEND bit
has been set by firmware. An interrupt will be generated with the STSTL bit (E0CSR.2) set to ‘1’ after the
STALL is transmitted.
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USB Register Definition 12.17. E0CSR: USB0 Endpoint0 Control
R/W
R/W
SSUEND SOPRDY
Bit7
Bit6
R/W
SDSTL
Bit5
R
R/W
SUEND DATAEND
Bit4
Bit3
R/W
R/W
R
Reset Value
STSTL
INPRDY
OPRDY
00000000
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x11
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
106
SSUEND: Serviced Setup End
Write: Software should set this bit to ‘1’ after servicing a Setup End (bit SUEND) event.
Hardware clears the SUEND bit when software writes ‘1’ to SSUEND.
Read: This bit always reads ‘0’.
SOPRDY: Serviced OPRDY
Write: Software should write ‘1’ to this bit after servicing a received Endpoint0 packet. The
OPRDY bit will be cleared by a write of ‘1’ to SOPRDY.
Read: This bit always reads ‘0’.
SDSTL: Send Stall
Software can write ‘1’ to this bit to terminate the current transfer (due to an error condition,
unexpected transfer request, etc.). Hardware will clear this bit to ‘0’ when the STALL handshake is transmitted.
SUEND: Setup End
Hardware sets this read-only bit to ‘1’ when a control transaction ends before software has
written ‘1’ to the DATAEND bit. Hardware clears this bit when software writes ‘1’ to SSUEND.
DATAEND: Data End
Software should write ‘1’ to this bit:
1. When writing ‘1’ to INPRDY for the last outgoing data packet.
2. When writing ‘1’ to INPRDY for a zero-length data packet.
3. When writing ‘1’ to SOPRDY after servicing the last incoming data packet.
This bit is automatically cleared by hardware.
STSTL: Sent Stall
Hardware sets this bit to ‘1’ after transmitting a STALL handshake signal. This flag must be
cleared by software.
INPRDY: IN Packet Ready
Software should write ‘1’ to this bit after loading a data packet into the Endpoint0 FIFO for
transmit. Hardware clears this bit and generates an interrupt under either of the following
conditions:
1. The packet is transmitted.
2. The packet is overwritten by an incoming SETUP packet.
3. The packet is overwritten by an incoming OUT packet.
OPRDY: OUT Packet Ready
Hardware sets this read-only bit and generates an interrupt when a data packet has been
received. This bit is cleared only when software writes ‘1’ to the SOPRDY bit.
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USB Register Definition 12.18. E0CNT: USB0 Endpoint 0 Data Count
R
R
R
R
Bit7
R
R
R
R
E0CNT
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Reset Value
00000000
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x16
Bit7:
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
Bits6–0: E0CNT: Endpoint 0 Data Count
This 7-bit number indicates the number of received data bytes in the Endpoint 0 FIFO. This
number is only valid while bit OPRDY is a ‘1’.
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12.11. Configuring Endpoint1
Endpoint1 is configured and controlled through a set of control/status registers: IN registers EINCSRL and
EINCSRH, and OUT registers EOUTCSRL and EOUTCSRH. The endpoint control/status registers are
mapped into the USB register address space based on the contents of the INDEX register (Figure 12.4).
12.12. Controlling Endpoint1 IN
Endpoint1 IN is managed via USB registers EINCSRL and EINCSRH. The IN endpoint can be used for
Interrupt, Bulk, or Isochronous transfers. Isochronous (ISO) mode is enabled by writing ‘1’ to the ISO bit in
register EINCSRH. Bulk and Interrupt transfers are handled identically by hardware.
An Endpoint1 IN interrupt is generated by any of the following conditions:
1. An IN packet is successfully transferred to the host.
2. Software writes ‘1’ to the FLUSH bit (EINCSRL.3) when the target FIFO is not empty.
3. Hardware generates a STALL condition.
12.12.1.Endpoint1 IN Interrupt or Bulk Mode
When the ISO bit (EINCSRH.6) is logic 0, Endpoint1 operates in Bulk or Interrupt Mode. Once it has been
configured to operate in Bulk/Interrupt IN mode (typically following an Endpoint0 SET_INTERFACE command), firmware should load an IN packet into the endpoint IN FIFO and set the INPRDY bit (EINCSRL.0).
Upon reception of an IN token, hardware will transmit the data, clear the INPRDY bit, and generate an
interrupt.
Writing ‘1’ to INPRDY without writing any data to the endpoint FIFO will cause a zero-length packet to be
transmitted upon reception of the next IN token.
A Bulk or Interrupt pipe can be shut down (or Halted) by writing ‘1’ to the SDSTL bit (EINCSRL.4). While
SDSTL = ‘1’, hardware will respond to all IN requests with a STALL condition. Each time hardware generates a STALL condition, an interrupt will be generated and the STSTL bit (EINCSRL.5) set to ‘1’. The
STSTL bit must be reset to ‘0’ by firmware.
Hardware will automatically reset INPRDY to ‘0’ when a packet slot is open in the endpoint FIFO. If double
buffering is enabled for the target endpoint, it is possible for firmware to load two packets into the IN FIFO
at a time. In this case, hardware will reset INPRDY to ‘0’ immediately after firmware loads the first packet
into the FIFO and sets INPRDY to ‘1’. An interrupt will not be generated in this case; an interrupt will only
be generated when a data packet is transmitted.
When firmware writes ‘1’ to the FCDT bit (EINCSRH.3), the data toggle for each IN packet will be toggled
continuously, regardless of the handshake received from the host. This feature is typically used by Interrupt endpoints functioning as rate feedback communication for Isochronous endpoints. When FCDT = ‘0’,
the data toggle bit will only be toggled when an ACK is sent from the host in response to an IN packet.
12.12.2.Endpoint1 IN Isochronous Mode
When the ISO bit (EINCSRH.6) is set to ‘1’, the target endpoint operates in Isochronous (ISO) mode. Once
an endpoint has been configured for ISO IN mode, the host will send one IN token (data request) per
frame; the location of data within each frame may vary. Therefore, it is recommended that double buffering
be enabled when using Endpoint1 IN as an Isochronous endpoint.
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Hardware will automatically reset INPRDY (EINCSRL.0) to ‘0’ when a packet slot is open in the endpoint
FIFO. Note that if double buffering is enabled for the endpoint, it is possible for firmware to load two packets into the IN FIFO at a time. In this case, hardware will reset INPRDY to ‘0’ immediately after firmware
loads the first packet into the FIFO and sets INPRDY to ‘1’. An interrupt will not be generated in this case;
an interrupt will only be generated when a data packet is transmitted.
If there is not a data packet ready in the endpoint FIFO when USB0 receives an IN token from the host,
USB0 will transmit a zero-length data packet and set the UNDRUN bit (EINCSRL.2) to ‘1’.
The ISO Update feature (see Section “12.7. Function Configuration and Control” on page 98) can be useful in starting a double buffered ISO IN endpoint. If the host has already set up the ISO IN pipe (has begun
transmitting IN tokens) when firmware writes the first data packet to the endpoint FIFO, the next IN token
may arrive and the first data packet sent before firmware has written the second (double buffered) data
packet to the FIFO. The ISO Update feature ensures that any data packet written to the endpoint FIFO will
not be transmitted during the current frame; the packet will only be sent after a SOF signal has been
received.
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USB Register Definition 12.19. EINCSRL: USB0 IN Endpoint Control Low Byte
R
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
CLRDT
STSTL
SDSTL
FLUSH
UNDRUN
FIFONE
INPRDY
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x11
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
110
Unused. Read = 0. Write = don’t care.
CLRDT: Clear Data Toggle.
Write: Software should write ‘1’ to this bit to reset the IN Endpoint data toggle to ‘0’.
Read: This bit always reads ‘0’.
STSTL: Sent Stall
Hardware sets this bit to ‘1’ when a STALL handshake signal is transmitted. The FIFO is
flushed, and the INPRDY bit cleared. This flag must be cleared by software.
SDSTL: Send Stall.
Software should write ‘1’ to this bit to generate a STALL handshake in response to an IN
token. Software should write ‘0’ to this bit to terminate the STALL signal. This bit has no
effect in ISO mode.
FLUSH: FIFO Flush.
Writing a ‘1’ to this bit flushes the next packet to be transmitted from the IN Endpoint FIFO.
The FIFO pointer is reset and the INPRDY bit is cleared. If the FIFO contains multiple packets, software must write ‘1’ to FLUSH for each packet. Hardware resets the FLUSH bit to ‘0’
when the FIFO flush is complete.
UNDRUN: Data Underrun.
The function of this bit depends on the IN Endpoint mode:
ISO: Set when a zero-length packet is sent after an IN token is received while bit INPRDY =
‘0’.
Interrupt/Bulk: Set when a NAK is returned in response to an IN token.
This bit must be cleared by software.
FIFONE: FIFO Not Empty.
0: The IN Endpoint FIFO is empty.
1. The IN Endpoint FIFO contains one or more packets.
INPRDY: In Packet Ready.
Software should write ‘1’ to this bit after loading a data packet into the IN Endpoint FIFO.
Hardware clears INPRDY due to any of the following:
1. A data packet is transmitted.
2. Double buffering is enabled (DBIEN = ‘1’) and there is an open FIFO packet slot.
3. If the endpoint is in Isochronous Mode (ISO = ‘1’) and ISOUD = ‘1’, INPRDY will read ‘0’
until the next SOF is received.
An interrupt (if enabled) will be generated when hardware clears INPRDY as a result
of a packet being transmitted.
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USB Register Definition 12.20. EINCSRH: USB0 IN Endpoint Control High Byte
R/W
R/W
R
R
R/W
R
R
R
Reset Value
DBIEN
ISO
—
—
FCDT
—
—
—
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x12
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5–4:
Bit3:
Bits2-0:
DBIEN: IN Endpoint Double-buffer Enable.
0: Double-buffering disabled for the selected IN endpoint.
1: Double-buffering enabled for the selected IN endpoint.
ISO: Isochronous Transfer Enable.
This bit enables/disables isochronous transfers on the current endpoint.
0: Endpoint configured for bulk/interrupt transfers.
1: Endpoint configured for isochronous transfers.
Unused. Read = 00b. Write = don’t care.
FCDT: Force Data Toggle.
0: Endpoint data toggle switches only when an ACK is received following a data packet
transmission.
1: Endpoint data toggle forced to switch after every data packet is transmitted, regardless of
ACK reception.
Unused. Read = 000b. Write = don’t care.
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12.13. Controlling Endpoint1 OUT
Endpoint1 OUT is managed via USB registers EOUTCSRL and EOUTCSRH. It can be used for Interrupt,
Bulk, or Isochronous transfers. Isochronous (ISO) mode is enabled by writing ‘1’ to the ISO bit in register
EOUTCSRH. Bulk and Interrupt transfers are handled identically by hardware.
An Endpoint1 OUT interrupt may be generated by the following:
1. Hardware sets the OPRDY bit (EINCSRL.0) to ‘1’.
2. Hardware generates a STALL condition.
12.13.1.Endpoint1 OUT Interrupt or Bulk Mode
When the ISO bit (EOUTCSRH.6) is logic 0, Endpoint1 operates in Bulk or Interrupt mode. Once it has
been configured to operate in Bulk/Interrupt OUT mode (typically following an Endpoint0
SET_INTERFACE command), hardware will set the OPRDY bit (EOUTCSRL.0) to ‘1’ and generate an
interrupt upon reception of an OUT token and data packet. The number of bytes in the current OUT data
packet (the packet ready to be unloaded from the FIFO) is given in the EOUTCNTH and EOUTCNTL registers. In response to this interrupt, firmware should unload the data packet from the OUT FIFO and reset
the OPRDY bit to ‘0’.
A Bulk or Interrupt pipe can be shut down (or Halted) by writing ‘1’ to the SDSTL bit (EOUTCSRL.5). While
SDSTL = ‘1’, hardware will respond to all OUT requests with a STALL condition. Each time hardware generates a STALL condition, an interrupt will be generated and the STSTL bit (EOUTCSRL.6) set to ‘1’. The
STSTL bit must be reset to ‘0’ by firmware.
Hardware will automatically set OPRDY when a packet is ready in the OUT FIFO. Note that if double buffering is enabled for Endpoint1, it is possible for two packets to be ready in the OUT FIFO at a time. In this
case, hardware will set OPRDY to ‘1’ immediately after firmware unloads the first packet and resets
OPRDY to ‘0’. A second interrupt will be generated in this case.
12.13.2.Endpoint1 OUT Isochronous Mode
When the ISO bit (EOUTCSRH.6) is set to ‘1’, Endpoint1 operates in Isochronous (ISO) mode. Once it has
been configured for ISO OUT mode, the host will send exactly one data per USB frame; the location of the
data packet within each frame may vary, however. Because of this, it is recommended that double buffering be enabled when Endpoint1 is used in Isochronous mode.
Each time a data packet is received, hardware will load the received data packet into the endpoint FIFO,
set the OPRDY bit (EOUTCSRL.0) to ‘1’, and generate an interrupt (if enabled). Firmware would typically
use this interrupt to unload the data packet from the endpoint FIFO and reset the OPRDY bit to ‘0’.
If a data packet is received when there is no room in the endpoint FIFO, an interrupt will be generated and
the OVRUN bit (EOUTCSRL.2) set to ‘1’. If USB0 receives an ISO data packet with a CRC error, the data
packet will be loaded into the endpoint FIFO, OPRDY will be set to ‘1’, an interrupt (if enabled) will be generated, and the DATAERR bit (EOUTCSRL.3) will be set to ‘1’. Software should check the DATAERR bit
each time a data packet is unloaded from an ISO OUT endpoint FIFO.
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USB Register Definition 12.21. EOUTCSRL: USB0 OUT Endpoint Control Low Byte
W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R
R/W
Reset Value
CLRDT
STSTL
SDSTL
FLUSH
DATERR
OVRUN
FIFOFUL
OPRDY
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x14
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
CLRDT: Clear Data Toggle
Write: Software should write ‘1’ to this bit to reset the OUT endpoint data toggle to ‘0’.
Read: This bit always reads ‘0’.
STSTL: Sent Stall
Hardware sets this bit to ‘1’ when a STALL handshake signal is transmitted. This flag must
be cleared by software.
SDSTL: Send Stall
Software should write ‘1’ to this bit to generate a STALL handshake. Software should write
‘0’ to this bit to terminate the STALL signal. This bit has no effect in ISO mode.
FLUSH: FIFO Flush
Writing a ‘1’ to this bit flushes the next packet to be read from the OUT endpoint FIFO. The
FIFO pointer is reset and the OPRDY bit is cleared. If the FIFO contains multiple packets,
software must write ‘1’ to FLUSH for each packet. Hardware resets the FLUSH bit to ‘0’
when the FIFO flush is complete.
DATERR: Data Error
In ISO mode, this bit is set by hardware if a received packet has a CRC or bit-stuffing error.
It is cleared when software clears OPRDY. This bit is only valid in ISO mode.
OVRUN: Data Overrun
This bit is set by hardware when an incoming data packet cannot be loaded into the OUT
endpoint FIFO. This bit is only valid in ISO mode, and must be cleared by software.
0: No data overrun.
1: A data packet was lost because of a full FIFO since this flag was last cleared.
FIFOFUL: OUT FIFO Full
This bit indicates the contents of the OUT FIFO. If double buffering is enabled for the endpoint (DBIEN = ‘1’), the FIFO is full when the FIFO contains two packets. If DBIEN = ‘0’, the
FIFO is full when the FIFO contains one packet.
0: OUT endpoint FIFO is not full.
1: OUT endpoint FIFO is full.
OPRDY: OUT Packet Ready
Hardware sets this bit to ‘1’ and generates an interrupt when a data packet is available. Software should clear this bit after each data packet is unloaded from the OUT endpoint FIFO.
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USB Register Definition 12.22. EOUTCSRH: USB0 OUT Endpoint Control High Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
R
Reset Value
DBOEN
ISO
—
—
—
—
—
—
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x15
Bit7:
DBOEN: Double-buffer Enable
0: Double-buffering disabled for the selected OUT endpoint.
1: Double-buffering enabled for the selected OUT endpoint.
Bit6:
ISO: Isochronous Transfer Enable
This bit enables/disables isochronous transfers on the current endpoint.
0: Endpoint configured for bulk/interrupt transfers.
1: Endpoint configured for isochronous transfers.
Bits5–0: Unused. Read = 000000b. Write = don’t care.
USB Register Definition 12.23. EOUTCNTL: USB0 OUT Endpoint Count Low
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
EOCL
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Reset Value
00000000
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
USB Address:
0x16
Bits7–0: EOCL: OUT Endpoint Count Low Byte
EOCL holds the lower 8-bits of the 10-bit number of data bytes in the last received packet in
the current OUT endpoint FIFO. This number is only valid while OPRDY = ‘1’.
USB Register Definition 12.24. EOUTCNTH: USB0 OUT Endpoint Count High
R
R
R
R
R
R
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
R
R
Reset Value
Bit0
USB Address:
E0CH
Bit1
00000000
0x17
Bits7–2: Unused. Read = 00000b. Write = don’t care.
Bits1–0: EOCH: OUT Endpoint Count High Byte
EOCH holds the upper 2-bits of the 10-bit number of data bytes in the last received packet in
the current OUT endpoint FIFO. This number is only valid while OPRDY = ‘1’.
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Table 12.4. USB Transceiver Electrical Characteristics
VDD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameters
Symbol
USB Operating Current
Conditions
Full Speed
Low Speed
Min
—
—
Typ
5.7
1.5
Max
—
—
Units
mA
Transmitter
Output High Voltage
VOH
2.8
—
Output Low Voltage
VOL
—
—
0.8
V
Output Crossover Point
VCRS
1.3
—
2.0
V
Output Impedance
ZDRV
Driving High
Driving Low
—
—
38
38
—
—
W
Pullup Resistance
RPU
Full Speed (D+ Pullup)
Low Speed (D– Pullup)
1.425
—
1.5
—
1.575
—
kW
Output Rise Time
TR
Low Speed
Full Speed
75
4
—
—
300
20
ns
Output Fall Time
TF
Low Speed
Full Speed
75
4
—
—
300
20
ns
VDI
| (D+) – (D–) |
0.2
—
—
V
0.8
—
2.5
V
—
<1.0
—
µA
Receiver
Differential Input Sensitivity
Differential Input Common Mode Range
Input Leakage Current
VCM
IL
Pullups Disabled
V
Note: Refer to the USB Specification for timing diagrams and symbol definitions.
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13. UART0
UART0 is an asynchronous, full duplex serial port offering a variety of data formatting options. A dedicated
baud rate generator with a 16-bit timer and selectable prescaler is included, which can generate a wide
range of baud rates (details in Section “13.1. Baud Rate Generator” on page 118). A received data FIFO
allows UART0 to receive up to three data bytes before data is lost and an overflow occurs.
UART0 has six associated SFRs. Three are used for the Baud Rate Generator (SBCON0, SBRLH0, and
SBRLL0), two are used for data formatting, control, and status functions (SCON0, SMOD0), and one is
used to send and receive data (SBUF0). The single SBUF0 location provides access to both transmit and
receive registers. Writes to SBUF0 always access the Transmit register. Reads of SBUF0 always
access the buffered Receive register; it is not possible to read data from the Transmit register.
With UART0 interrupts enabled, an interrupt is generated each time a transmit is completed (TI0 is set in
SCON0), or a data byte has been received (RI0 is set in SCON0). The UART0 interrupt flags are not
cleared by hardware when the CPU vectors to the interrupt service routine. They must be cleared manually
by software, allowing software to determine the cause of the UART0 interrupt (transmit complete or receive
complete). If additional bytes are available in the Receive FIFO, the RI0 bit cannot be cleared by software.
SBRLL0
Overflow
SYSCLK
Timer (16-bit)
EN
TX
Logic
TX0
Write to SBUF0
SBUF0
SBCON0
Control / Status
SCON0
REN0
TBX0
RBX0
TI0
RI0
SB0PS1
SB0PS0
SB0CLK
SB0RUN
USBCLK
Pre-Scaler
(1, 4, 12, 48)
SMOD0
OVR0
PERR0
SBRLH0
Data Formatting
MCE0
S0PT1
S0PT0
PE0
S0DL1
S0DL0
XBE0
SBL0
Baud Rate Generator
Read of SBUF0
RX FIFO
(3 Deep)
RX
Logic
RX0
UART0
Interrupt
Figure 13.1. UART0 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.1
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13.1. Baud Rate Generator
The UART0 baud rate is generated by a dedicated 16-bit timer which runs from either the controller’s core
clock (SYSCLK) or the USB Clock (USBCLK), and has prescaler options of 1, 4, 12, or 48. The timer and
prescaler options combined allow for a wide selection of baud rates over many clock frequencies.
The baud rate generator is configured using three registers: SBCON0, SBRLH0, and SBRLL0. The
UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control Register (SBCON0, SFR Definition 13.4) enables or disables the
baud rate generator, selects the clock source for the baud rate generator, and selects the prescaler value
for the timer. The baud rate generator must be enabled for UART0 to function. Registers SBRLH0 and
SBRLL0 contain a 16-bit reload value for the dedicated 16-bit timer. The internal timer counts up from the
reload value on every clock tick. On timer overflows (0xFFFF to 0x0000), the timer is reloaded. The baud
rate for UART0 is defined in Equation 13.1, where “BRG Clock” is the baud rate generator’s selected clock
source. For reliable UART operation, it is recommended that the UART baud rate is not configured for
baud rates faster than SYSCLK/16.
1
1
BRG Clock
Baud Rate = --------------------------------------------------------------------------- × --- × ---------------------( 65536 – (SBRLH0:SBRLL0) ) 2 Prescaler
Equation 13.1. UART0 Baud Rate
A quick reference for typical baud rates and clock frequencies is given in Table 13.1.
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BRG Clock = 48 MHz
BRG Clock = 24 MHz
BRG Clock = 12 MHz
Table 13.1. Baud Rate Generator Settings for Standard Baud Rates
Target Baud
Rate (bps)
Actual Baud
Rate (bps)
Baud Rate
Error
230400
230769
0.16%
115200
115385
0.16%
57600
57692
0.16%
28800
28846
0.16%
14400
14388
0.08%
9600
9600
0.0%
2400
2400
0.0%
1200
1200
0.0%
230400
230769
0.16%
115200
115385
0.16%
57600
57692
0.16%
28800
28777
0.08%
14400
14406
0.04%
9600
9600
0.0%
2400
2400
0.0%
1200
1200
0.0%
230400
230769
0.16%
115200
115385
0.16%
57600
57554
0.08%
28800
28812
0.04%
14400
14397
0.02%
9600
9600
0.0%
2400
2400
0.0%
1200
1200
0.0%
Oscillator
Divide
Factor
52
104
208
416
834
1250
5000
10000
104
208
416
834
1666
2500
10000
20000
208
416
834
1666
3334
5000
20000
40000
Rev. 1.1
SB1PS[1:0]
(Prescaler Bits)
Reload Value in
SBRLH1:SBRLL1
11
0xFFE6
11
0xFFCC
11
0xFF98
11
0xFF30
11
0xFE5F
11
0xFD8F
11
0xF63C
11
0xEC78
11
0xFFCC
11
0xFF98
11
0xFF30
11
0xFE5F
11
0xFCBF
11
0xFB1E
11
0xEC78
11
0xD8F0
11
0xFF98
11
0xFF30
11
0xFE5F
11
0xFCBF
11
0xF97D
11
0xF63C
11
0xD8F0
11
0xB1E0
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13.2. Data Format
UART0 has a number of available options for data formatting. Data transfers begin with a start bit (logic
low), followed by the data bits (sent LSB-first), a parity or extra bit (if selected), and end with one or two
stop bits (logic high). The data length is variable between 5 and 8 bits. A parity bit can be appended to the
data, and automatically generated and detected by hardware for even, odd, mark, or space parity. The stop
bit length is selectable between 1 and 2 bit times, and a multi-processor communication mode is available
for implementing networked UART buses. All of the data formatting options can be configured using the
SMOD0 register, shown in SFR Definition 13.2. Figure 13.2 shows the timing for a UART0 transaction
without parity or an extra bit enabled. Figure 13.3 shows the timing for a UART0 transaction with parity
enabled (PE0 = 1). Figure 13.4 is an example of a UART0 transaction when the extra bit is enabled
(XBE0 = 1). Note that the extra bit feature is not available when parity is enabled, and the second stop bit
is only an option for data lengths of 6, 7, or 8 bits.
MARK
START
BIT
SPACE
D0
D1
DN-2
STOP
BIT 1
DN-1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
(6,7,8 bit
Data)
Figure 13.2. UART0 Timing Without Parity or Extra Bit
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
DN-2
DN-1
PARITY
STOP
BIT 1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
(6,7,8 bit
Data)
Figure 13.3. UART0 Timing With Parity
MARK
SPACE
START
BIT
D0
D1
DN-2
DN-1
EXTRA
STOP
BIT 1
STOP
BIT 2
BIT TIMES
Optional
N bits; N = 5, 6, 7, or 8
Figure 13.4. UART0 Timing With Extra Bit
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(6,7,8 bit
Data)
C8051F326/7
13.3. Configuration and Operation
UART0 provides standard asynchronous, full duplex communication. It can operate in a point-to-point
serial communications application, or as a node on a multi-processor serial interface. To operate in a
point-to-point application, where there are only two devices on the serial bus, the MCE0 bit in SMOD0
should be cleared to ‘0’. For operation as part of a multi-processor communications bus, the MCE0 and
XBE0 bits should both be set to ‘1’. In both types of applications, data is transmitted from the microcontroller on the TX0 pin, and received on the RX0 pin. The TX0 and RX0 pins are configured using the crossbar and the Port I/O registers, as detailed in Section “11. Port Input/Output” on page 79.
In typical UART communications, The transmit (TX) output of one device is connected to the receive (RX)
input of the other device, either directly or through a bus transceiver, as shown in Figure 13.5.
PC
COM Port
RS-232
RS-232
LEVEL
TRANSLATOR
TX
RX
C8051Fxxx
OR
TX
TX
RX
RX
MCU
C8051Fxxx
Figure 13.5. Typical UART Interconnect Diagram
13.3.1. Data Transmission
Data transmission begins when software writes a data byte to the SBUF0 register. The TI0 Transmit Interrupt Flag (SCON0.1) will be set at the end of any transmission (the beginning of the stop-bit time). If
enabled, an interrupt will occur when TI0 is set.
If the extra bit function is enabled (XBE0 = ‘1’) and the parity function is disabled (PE0 = ‘0’), the value of
the TBX0 (SCON0.3) bit will be sent in the extra bit position. When the parity function is enabled (PE0 =
‘1’), hardware will generate the parity bit according to the selected parity type (selected with S0PT[1:0]),
and append it to the data field. Note: when parity is enabled, the extra bit function is not available.
13.3.2. Data Reception
Data reception can begin any time after the REN0 Receive Enable bit (SCON0.4) is set to logic 1. After the
stop bit is received, the data byte will be stored in the receive FIFO if the following conditions are met: the
receive FIFO (3 bytes deep) must not be full, and the stop bit(s) must be logic 1. In the event that the
receive FIFO is full, the incoming byte will be lost, and a Receive FIFO Overrun Error will be generated
(OVR0 in register SCON0 will be set to logic 1). If the stop bit(s) were logic 0, the incoming data will not be
stored in the receive FIFO. If the reception conditions are met, the data is stored in the receive FIFO, and
the RI0 flag will be set. Note: when MCE0 = ‘1’, RI0 will only be set if the extra bit was equal to ‘1’. Data can
be read from the receive FIFO by reading the SBUF0 register. The SBUF0 register represents the oldest
byte in the FIFO. After SBUF0 is read, the next byte in the FIFO is loaded into SBUF0, and space is made
available in the FIFO for another incoming byte. If enabled, an interrupt will occur when RI0 is set.
If the extra bit function is enabled (XBE0 = ‘1’) and the parity function is disabled (PE0 = ‘0’), the extra bit
for the oldest byte in the FIFO can be read from the RBX0 bit (SCON0.2). If the extra bit function is not
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enabled, the value of the stop bit for the oldest FIFO byte will be presented in RBX0. When the parity function is enabled (PE0 = ‘1’), hardware will check the received parity bit against the selected parity type
(selected with S0PT[1:0]) when receiving data. If a byte with parity error is received, the PERR0 flag will be
set to ‘1’. This flag must be cleared by software. Note: when parity is enabled, the extra bit function is not
available.
13.3.3. Multiprocessor Communications
UART0 supports multiprocessor communication between a master processor and one or more slave processors by special use of the extra data bit. When a master processor wants to transmit to one or more
slaves, it first sends an address byte to select the target(s). An address byte differs from a data byte in that
its extra bit is logic 1; in a data byte, the extra bit is always set to logic 0.
Setting the MCE0 bit (SMOD0.7) of a slave processor configures its UART such that when a stop bit is
received, the UART will generate an interrupt only if the extra bit is logic 1 (RBX0 = 1) signifying an
address byte has been received. In the UART interrupt handler, software will compare the received
address with the slave's own assigned address. If the addresses match, the slave will clear its MCE0 bit to
enable interrupts on the reception of the following data byte(s). Slaves that weren't addressed leave their
MCE0 bits set and do not generate interrupts on the reception of the following data bytes, thereby ignoring
the data. Once the entire message is received, the addressed slave resets its MCE0 bit to ignore all transmissions until it receives the next address byte.
Multiple addresses can be assigned to a single slave and/or a single address can be assigned to multiple
slaves, thereby enabling "broadcast" transmissions to more than one slave simultaneously. The master
processor can be configured to receive all transmissions or a protocol can be implemented such that the
master/slave role is temporarily reversed to enable half-duplex transmission between the original master
and slave(s).
Master
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
Slave
Device
V+
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
RX
TX
Figure 13.6. UART Multi-Processor Mode Interconnect Diagram
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SFR Definition 13.1. SCON0: UART0 Control
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
OVR0
PERR0
—
REN0
TBX0
RBX0
TI0
RI0
00100000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Bit
Addressable
SFR Address: 0x98
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
OVR0: Receive FIFO Overrun Flag.
This bit is used to indicate a receive FIFO overrun condition.
0: Receive FIFO Overrun has not occurred.
1: Receive FIFO Overrun has occurred (an incoming character was discarded due to a full
FIFO).
This bit must be cleared to ‘0’ by software.
PERR0: Parity Error Flag.
When parity is enabled, this bit is used to indicate that a parity error has occurred. It is set to
‘1’ when the parity of the oldest byte in the FIFO does not match the selected Parity Type.
0: Parity Error has not occurred.
1: Parity Error has occurred.
This bit must be cleared to ‘0’ by software.
Unused. Read = 1b. Write = don’t care.
REN0: Receive Enable.
This bit enables/disables the UART receiver. When disabled, bytes can still be read from the
receive FIFO.
0: UART0 reception disabled.
1: UART0 reception enabled.
TBX0: Extra Transmission Bit.
The logic level of this bit will be assigned to the extra transmission bit when XBE0 is set to
‘1’. This bit is not used when Parity is enabled.
RBX0: Extra Receive Bit.
RBX0 is assigned the value of the extra bit when XBE0 is set to ‘1’. If XBE0 is cleared to ‘0’,
RBX0 will be assigned the logic level of the first stop bit. This bit is not valid when Parity is
enabled.
TI0: Transmit Interrupt Flag.
Set to a ‘1’ by hardware after data has been transmitted, at the beginning of the STOP bit.
When the UART0 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit causes the CPU to vector to the
UART0 interrupt service routine. This bit must be cleared manually by software.
RI0: Receive Interrupt Flag.
Set to ‘1’ by hardware when a byte of data has been received by UART0 (set at the STOP bit
sampling time). When the UART0 interrupt is enabled, setting this bit to ‘1’ causes the CPU
to vector to the UART0 interrupt service routine. This bit must be cleared manually by software.
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SFR Definition 13.2. SMOD0: UART0 Mode
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
MCE0
S0PT1
S0PT0
PE0
S0DL1
S0DL0
XBE0
SBL0
00001100
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Bit
Addressable
SFR Address: 0x9A
Bit7:
MCE0: Multiprocessor Communication Enable.
0: RI will be activated if stop bit(s) are ‘1’.
1: RI will be activated if stop bit(s) and extra bit are ‘1’ (extra bit must be enabled using
XBE0).
Note: This function is not available when hardware parity is enabled.
Bits6–5: S0PT[1:0]: Parity Type.
00: Odd
01: Even
10: Mark
11: Space
Bit4:
PE0: Parity Enable.
This bit activates hardware parity generation and checking. The parity type is selected by
bits S0PT1-0 when parity is enabled.
0: Hardware parity is disabled.
1: Hardware parity is enabled.
Bits3–2: S0DL[1:0]: Data Length.
00: 5-bit data
01: 6-bit data
10: 7-bit data
11: 8-bit data
Bit1:
XBE0: Extra Bit Enable
When enabled, the value of TBX0 will be appended to the data field.
0: Extra Bit Disabled.
1: Extra Bit Enabled.
Bit0:
SBL0: Stop Bit Length
0: Short - Stop bit is active for one bit time (all data field lengths).
1: Long - Stop bit is active for two bit times (data length = 6, 7, or 8 bits).
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SFR Definition 13.3. SBUF0: UART0 Data Buffer
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address: 0x99
Bits7–0: SBUF0[7:0]: Serial Data Buffer Bits 7–0 (MSB–LSB)
This SFR is used to both send data from the UART and to read received data from the
UART0 receive FIFO.
Write: When data is written to SBUF0, it goes to the transmit shift register and is held for
serial transmission. Writing a byte to SBUF0 initiates the transmission.
Read: Reading SBUF0 retrieves data from the receive FIFO. When read, the oldest byte in
the receive FIFO is returned, and removed from the FIFO. Up to three bytes may be held in
the FIFO. If there are additional bytes available in the FIFO, the RI0 bit will remain at logic
‘1’, even after being cleared by software.
SFR Definition 13.4. SBCON0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Control
R/W
SB0CLK
Bit7
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
SB0RUN Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved SB0PS1
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
R/W
Reset Value
SB0PS0
00000000
Bit0
Bit
Addressable
SFR Address: 0x91
Bit7:
SB0CLK: Baud Rate Generator Clock Source.
0: SYSCLK is used as Baud Rate Generator Clock Source.
1: USBCLK is used as Baud Rate Generator Clock Source.
Bit6:
SB0RUN: Baud Rate Generator Enable.
0: Baud Rate Generator is disabled. UART0 will not function.
1: Baud Rate Generator is enabled.
Bits5–2: Reserved: Read = 0000b. Must write 0000b.
Bits1–0: SB0PS[1:0]: Baud Rate Prescaler Select.
00: Prescaler = 12
01: Prescaler = 4
10: Prescaler = 48
11: Prescaler = 1
Rev. 1.1
125
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 13.5. SBRLH0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator High Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address: 0x94
Bits7-0:
SBRLH0[7:0]: High Byte of reload value for UART0 Baud Rate Generator.
SFR Definition 13.6. SBRLL0: UART0 Baud Rate Generator Low Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address: 0x93
Bits7-0:
126
SBRLL0[7:0]: Low Byte of reload value for UART0 Baud Rate Generator.
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
14. Timers
Each MCU includes two 16-bit timers compatible with those found in the standard 8051. These timers can
be used to measure time intervals and generate periodic interrupt requests. Timer 0 and Timer 1 are nearly
identical and have four primary modes of operation.
Table 14.1. Timer Modes
Timer 0 and Timer 1 Modes:
13-bit timer
16-bit timer
8-bit timer with auto-reload
Two 8-bit timers (Timer 0 only)
Timers 0 and 1 may be clocked by one of four sources, determined by the Timer Mode Select bits (T1MT0M) and the Clock Scale bits (SCA1-SCA0). The Clock Scale bits define a pre-scaled clock from which
Timer 0 and/or Timer 1 may be clocked (See Figure 14.3 for pre-scaled clock selection). Timer 0/1 may
then be configured to use this pre-scaled clock signal or the system clock.
Timers 0 and 1 have a gate mode which allows the timer to run only when an external interrupt is active
(/INT0 for Timer 0 and /INT1 for Timer 1. This mode facilitates pulse width measurements on input on P0.2
(Timer 0) and Low Frequency oscillator calibration when used with Timer 1.
14.1. Timer 0 and Timer 1 Operating Modes
Each timer is implemented as a 16-bit register accessed as two separate bytes: a low byte (TL0 or TL1)
and a high byte (TH0 or TH1). The Timer Control register (TCON) is used to enable Timer 0 and Timer 1 as
well as indicate status. Timer 0 interrupts can be enabled by setting the ET0 bit in the IE register (Section
“6.3.5. Interrupt Register Descriptions” on page 50); Timer 1 interrupts can be enabled by setting the ET1
bit in the IE register (SFR Definition 6.7). Both timers operate in one of four primary modes selected by setting the Mode Select bits T1M1-T0M0 in the Timer Mode register (TMOD). Each timer can be configured
independently. Each operating mode is described below.
Rev. 1.1
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C8051F326/7
14.1.1. Mode 0: 13-bit Timer
Timer 0 and Timer 1 operate as 13-bit timers in Mode 0. The following describes the configuration and
operation of Timer 0. However, both timers operate identically, and Timer 1 is configured in the same manner as described for Timer 0.
The TH0 register holds the eight MSBs of the 13-bit timer. TL0 holds the five LSBs in bit positions TL0.4TL0.0. The three upper bits of TL0 (TL0.7-TL0.5) are indeterminate and should be masked out or ignored
when reading. As the 13-bit timer register increments and overflows from 0x1FFF (all ones) to 0x0000, the
timer overflow flag TF0 (TCON.5) is set and an interrupt will occur if Timer 0 interrupts are enabled.
Setting the TR0 bit (TCON.4) enables the timer when either GATE0 (TMOD.3) is logic 0 or GATE0 is logic
1 and the input signal /INT0 is active. Setting GATE0 to logic 1 allows the timer to be controlled by the
external input signal /INT0, facilitating pulse width measurements. When GATE0 is set to logic 1, the /INT0
input pin is P0.2.
Table 14.2. Timer 0 Operation
TR0
GATE0
0
X
1
0
1
1
1
1
X = Don't Care
/INT0
X
X
0 (P0.2 High)
1 (P0.2 Low)
Timer
Disabled
Enabled
Disabled
Enabled
See Table 6.4 on page 49 for detailed information on how GATE0 affects /INT0 functionality.
Setting TR0 does not force the timer to reset. The timer registers should be loaded with the desired initial
value before the timer is enabled. TL1 and TH1 form the 13-bit register for Timer 1 in the same manner as
described above for TL0 and TH0. Timer 1 is configured and controlled using the relevant TCON and
TMOD bits just as with Timer 0. The input signal /INT1 is used with Timer 1. See Section “6.3.2. External
Interrupts” on page 49 for a complete description of /INT0 and /INT1.
CKCON
TTSS
1 0CC
MM A A
1 0
Pre-scaled Clock
0
SYSCLK
1
G
A
T
E
1
C
/
T
1
T T
1 1
MM
1 0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
T T
0 0
MM
1 0
TCLK
TR0
GATE0
TL0
(5 bits)
TH0
(8 bits)
/INT0
Figure 14.1. T0 Mode 0 Block Diagram
128
Rev. 1.1
TCON
TMOD
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Interrupt
C8051F326/7
14.1.2. Mode 1: 16-bit Timer
Mode 1 operation is the same as Mode 0, except that the timer registers use all 16 bits. The timers are
enabled and configured in Mode 1 in the same manner as for Mode 0.
14.1.3. Mode 2: 8-bit Timer with Auto-Reload
Mode 2 configures Timer 0 and Timer 1 to operate as 8-bit timers with automatic reload of the start value.
TL0 holds the count and TH0 holds the reload value. When the counter in TL0 overflows from all ones to
0x00, the timer overflow flag TF0 (TCON.5) is set and the counter in TL0 is reloaded from TH0. If Timer 0
interrupts are enabled, an interrupt will occur when the TF0 flag is set. The reload value in TH0 is not
changed. TL0 must be initialized to the desired value before enabling the timer for the first count to be correct. When in Mode 2, Timer 1 operates identically to Timer 0.
Both timers are enabled and configured in Mode 2 in the same manner as Mode 0. Setting the TR0 bit
(TCON.4) enables the timer when GATE0 (TMOD.3) is logic 0 or when GATE0 is logic 1 and the input signal /INT0 is active (see Section “6.3.2. External Interrupts” on page 49 for details on the external input signals /INT0 and /INT1).
CKCON
T TS
1 0C
MM A
1
Pre-scaled Clock
0
SYSCLK
1
S
C
A
0
TMOD
C
/
T
1
T
1
M
1
T
1
M
0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
T
0
M
1
T
0
M
0
TCLK
TR0
GATE0
TL0
(8 bits)
TCON
G
A
T
E
1
/INT0
TH0
(8 bits)
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Interrupt
Reload
Figure 14.2. T0 Mode 2 Block Diagram
Rev. 1.1
129
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14.1.4. Mode 3: Two 8-bit Timers (Timer 0 Only)
In Mode 3, Timer 0 is configured as two separate 8-bit timers held in TL0 and TH0. The counter in TL0 is
controlled using the Timer 0 control/status bits in TCON and TMOD: TR0, C/T0, GATE0 and TF0. TL0 can
use either the system clock or an external input signal as its timebase. The TH0 register is restricted to a
timer function sourced by the system clock or prescaled clock. TH0 is enabled using the Timer 1 run control bit TR1. TH0 sets the Timer 1 overflow flag TF1 on overflow and thus controls the Timer 1 interrupt.
Timer 1 is inactive in Mode 3. When Timer 0 is operating in Mode 3, Timer 1 can be operated in Modes 0,
1 or 2, but cannot set the TF1 flag and generate an interrupt. However, the Timer 1 overflow can be used to
generate baud rates for the UART. While Timer 0 is operating in Mode 3, Timer 1 run control is handled
through its mode settings. To run Timer 1 while Timer 0 is in Mode 3, set the Timer 1 Mode as 0, 1, or 2. To
disable Timer 1, configure it for Mode 3.
CKCON
T TSS
1 0CC
MMA A
1 0
Pre-scaled Clock
0
TR1
1
TCON
SYSCLK
TH0
(8 bits)
TMOD
G
A
T
E
1
C
/
T
1
T
1
M
1
T
1
M
0
G
A
T
E
0
C
/
T
0
T
0
M
1
T
0
M
0
TL0
(8 bits)
TR0
GATE0
/INT0
Figure 14.3. T0 Mode 3 Block Diagram
130
Rev. 1.1
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Interrupt
Interrupt
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 14.1. TCON: Timer Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
00001010
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
(bit addressable)
Bit7:
Bit6:
Bit5:
Bit4:
Bit3:
Bit2:
Bit1:
Bit0:
0x88
TF1: Timer 1 Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when Timer 1 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the Timer 1 interrupt service routine.
0: No Timer 1 overflow detected.
1: Timer 1 has overflowed.
TR1: Timer 1 Run Control.
0: Timer 1 disabled.
1: Timer 1 enabled.
TF0: Timer 0 Overflow Flag.
Set by hardware when Timer 0 overflows. This flag can be cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the Timer 0 interrupt service routine.
0: No Timer 0 overflow detected.
1: Timer 0 has overflowed.
TR0: Timer 0 Run Control.
0: Timer 0 disabled.
1: Timer 0 enabled.
IE1: External Interrupt 1.
This flag is set by hardware when an edge/level of type defined by IT1 is detected. It can be
cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the External Interrupt 1 service routine if IT1 = 1. When IT1 = 0, this flag is set to ‘1’ when /INT1 is active.
IT1: Interrupt 1 Type Select.
This bit selects whether the configured /INT1 interrupt will be edge or level sensitive.
0: /INT1 is level triggered.
1: /INT1 is edge triggered.
IE0: External Interrupt 0.
This flag is set by hardware when an edge/level of type defined by IT0 is detected. It can be
cleared by software but is automatically cleared when the CPU vectors to the External Interrupt 0 service routine if IT0 = 1. When IT0 = 0, this flag is set to ‘1’ when /INT0 is active.
IT0: Interrupt 0 Type Select.
This bit selects whether the configured /INT0 interrupt will be edge or level sensitive.
0: /INT0 is level triggered.
1: /INT0 is edge triggered.
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SFR Definition 14.2. TMOD: Timer Mode
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
GATE1
Reserved
T1M1
T1M0
GATE0
Reserved
T0M1
T0M0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x89
Bit7:
GATE1: Timer 1 Gate Control.
0: Timer 1 enabled when TR1 = 1 irrespective of /INT1 logic level. /INT1 is activated when
the internal oscillator resumes from a suspended state.
1: Timer 1 enabled only when TR1 = 1 AND /INT1 is active. /INT1 is activated every 2 low
frequency oscillator clock cycles. This is a rate of 40kHz.
Bit6:
Reserved. Read = 0b. Must write 0b.
Bits5–4: T1M1-T1M0: Timer 1 Mode Select.
These bits select the Timer 1 operation mode.
T1M1
0
0
1
1
T1M0
0
1
0
1
Mode
Mode 0: 13-bit timer
Mode 1: 16-bit timer
Mode 2: 8-bit timer with auto-reload
Mode 3: Timer 1 inactive
Bit3:
GATE0: Timer 0 Gate Control.
0: Timer 0 enabled when TR0 = 1 irrespective of /INT0 logic level. /INT0 input pin is P0.0.
1: Timer 0 enabled only when TR0 = 1 AND /INT0 is active. /INT0 input pin is P0.2.
Bit2:
Reserved. Read = 0b. Must write 0b.
Bits1–0: T0M1-T0M0: Timer 0 Mode Select.
These bits select the Timer 0 operation mode.
T0M1
0
0
1
1
132
T0M0
0
1
0
1
Mode
Mode 0: 13-bit timer
Mode 1: 16-bit timer
Mode 2: 8-bit timer with auto-reload
Mode 3: Two 8-bit timers
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 14.3. CKCON: Clock Control
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
—
—
T1M
T0M
SCA1
SCA0
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x8E
Bit7–4:
Bit3:
Unused. Read = 0b. Write = don’t care.
T1M: Timer 1 Clock Select.
This select the clock source supplied to Timer 1.
0: Timer 1 uses the clock defined by the prescale bits, SCA1-SCA0.
1: Timer 1 uses the system clock.
Bit2:
T0M: Timer 0 Clock Select.
This bit selects the clock source supplied to Timer 0.
0: Timer 0 uses the clock defined by the prescale bits, SCA1-SCA0.
1: Timer 0 uses the system clock.
Bits1–0: SCA1-SCA0: Timer 0/1 Prescale Bits.
These bits control the division of the clock supplied to Timer 0 and/or Timer 1 if configured
to use prescaled clock inputs.
SCA1
SCA0
Prescaled Clock
0
0
System clock divided by 12
0
1
System clock divided by 4
1
0
System clock divided by 48
Note: External clock divided by 8 is synchronized with the system clock.
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C8051F326/7
SFR Definition 14.4. TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x8A
Bits 7–0: TL0: Timer 0 Low Byte.
The TL0 register is the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 0.
SFR Definition 14.5. TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
00000000
0x8B
Bits 7–0: TL1: Timer 1 Low Byte.
The TL1 register is the low byte of the 16-bit Timer 1.
SFR Definition 14.6. TH0: Timer 0 High Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x8C
Bits 7–0: TH0: Timer 0 High Byte.
The TH0 register is the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 0.
SFR Definition 14.7. TH1: Timer 1 High Byte
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
SFR Address:
0x8D
Bits 7–0: TH1: Timer 1 High Byte.
The TH1 register is the high byte of the 16-bit Timer 1.
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C8051F326/7
15. C2 Interface
C8051F326/7 devices include an on-chip Silicon Laboratories 2-Wire (C2) debug interface to allow Flash
programming and in-system debugging with the production part installed in the end application. The C2
interface uses a clock signal (C2CK) and a bi-directional C2 data signal (C2D) to transfer information
between the device and a host system. See the C2 Interface Specification for details on the C2 protocol.
15.1. C2 Interface Registers
The following describes the C2 registers necessary to perform Flash programming functions through the
C2 interface. All C2 registers are accessed through the C2 interface as described in the C2 Interface Specification.
C2 Register Definition 15.1. C2ADD: C2 Address
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Bits7–0: The C2ADD register is accessed via the C2 interface to select the target Data register for
C2 Data Read and Data Write commands.
Address
0x00
0x01
Description
Selects the Device ID register for Data Read instructions
Selects the Revision ID register for Data Read instructions
Selects the C2 Flash Programming Control register for Data
Read/Write instructions
Selects the C2 Flash Programming Data register for Data
Read/Write instructions
0x02
0xB4
C2 Register Definition 15.2. DEVICEID: C2 Device ID
Reset Value
00001001
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
This read-only register returns the 8-bit device ID: 0x0D (C8051F326/7).
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C8051F326/7
C2 Register Definition 15.3. REVID: C2 Revision ID
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
This read-only register returns the 8-bit revision ID: 0x01 (Revision B).
C2 Register Definition 15.4. FPCTL: C2 Flash Programming Control
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bits7–0
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
FPCTL: Flash Programming Control Register.
This register is used to enable Flash programming via the C2 interface. To enable C2 Flash
programming, the following codes must be written in order: 0x02, 0x01. Note that once C2
Flash programming is enabled, a system reset must be issued to resume normal operation.
C2 Register Definition 15.5. FPDAT: C2 Flash Programming Data
Reset Value
00000000
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
Bits7–0: FPDAT: C2 Flash Programming Data Register.
This register is used to pass Flash commands, addresses, and data during C2 Flash
accesses. Valid commands are listed below.
Code
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x03
136
Command
Flash Block Read
Flash Block Write
Flash Page Erase
Device Erase
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
15.2. C2 Pin Sharing
The C2 protocol allows the C2 pins to be shared with user functions so that in-system debugging and
Flash programming may be performed. This is possible because C2 communication is typically performed
when the device is in the halt state, where all on-chip peripherals and user software are stalled. In this
halted state, the C2 interface can safely ‘borrow’ the C2CK (/RST) and C2D (P3.0) pins. In most applications, external resistors are required to isolate C2 interface traffic from the user application. A typical isolation configuration is shown in Figure 15.1.
C8051F326/7
/Reset (a)
C2CK
Input (b)
C2D
Output (c)
C2 Interface Master
Figure 15.1. Typical C2 Pin Sharing
The configuration in Figure 15.1 assumes the following:
1. The user input (b) cannot change state while the target device is halted.
2. The /RST pin on the target device is used as an input only.
Additional resistors may be necessary depending on the specific application.
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DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 0.5 to Revision 1.0
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Updated Section “1. System Overview” on page 13 and Table 1.1, “Product Selection Guide,” on
page 13.
- Changed “-GQ” references to “-GM”
Added Figure 1.3. "Typical Connections for the C8051F326" on page 16 and Figure 1.4. "Typical Connections for the C8051F327" on page 16.
Changed Figure 4.5. "Typical C8051F327 QFN-28 Landing Diagram" on page 31 to show ground connection on Pin 3.
Replaced TBDs with values in Table 5.1, “Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications,” on page 31.
Replaced TBDs with values in Table 7.1, “Reset Electrical Characteristics,” on page 62.
Moved USB Active characteristics from Table 3.1, “Global DC Electrical Characteristics,” on page 24 to
Table 12.4, “USB Transceiver Electrical Characteristics,” on page 115.
Added port information to Figure 11.1. "Port I/O Functional Block Diagram" on page 79.
Added read/write state description to bits 7–6 in SFR Definition 11.4. “P2: Port2” on page 83.
Clarified description of read state for bits 7–3 in USB Register Definition 12.10. “FRAMEH: USB0
Frame Number High” on page 100.
Clarified description of read state for bits 7–2 in USB Register Definition 12.24. “EOUTCNTH: USB0
OUT Endpoint Count High” on page 114.
Standardized descriptions for “unused” and “reserved” bits in SFR Definitions throughout document.
Revision 1.0 to Revision 1.1
•
138
Updated package and land pattern drawings.
Rev. 1.1
C8051F326/7
NOTES:
Rev. 1.1
139
C8051F326/7
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