Renesas H2327 Renesas 16-bit single-chip microcomputer Datasheet

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User’s Manual
The revision list can be viewed directly by
clicking the title page.
The revision list summarizes the locations of
revisions and additions. Details should always
be checked by referring to the relevant text.
H8S/2329
Group
16
Hardware Manual
Renesas 16-Bit Single-Chip
Microcomputer
H8S Family/H8S/2300 Series
H8S/2329 HD64F2329B
HD64F2329E
H8S/2328 HD6432328
HD64F2328B
H8S/2327 HD6432327
H8S/2326 HD64F2326
H8S/2324S
H8S/2323
H8S/2322R
H8S/2321
H8S/2320
HD6412324S
HD6432323
HD6412322R
HD6412321
HD6412320
Rev.6.00 2007.09
Notes regarding these materials
1. This document is provided for reference purposes only so that Renesas customers may select the appropriate
Renesas products for their use. Renesas neither makes warranties or representations with respect to the
accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document nor grants any license to any
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2. Renesas shall have no liability for damages or infringement of any intellectual property or other rights arising
out of the use of any information in this document, including, but not limited to, product data, diagrams, charts,
programs, algorithms, and application circuit examples.
3. You should not use the products or the technology described in this document for the purpose of military
applications such as the development of weapons of mass destruction or for the purpose of any other military
use. When exporting the products or technology described herein, you should follow the applicable export
control laws and regulations, and procedures required by such laws and regulations.
4. All information included in this document such as product data, diagrams, charts, programs, algorithms, and
application circuit examples, is current as of the date this document is issued. Such information, however, is
subject to change without any prior notice. Before purchasing or using any Renesas products listed in this
document, please confirm the latest product information with a Renesas sales office. Also, please pay regular
and careful attention to additional and different information to be disclosed by Renesas such as that disclosed
through our website. (http://www.renesas.com )
5. Renesas has used reasonable care in compiling the information included in this document, but Renesas
assumes no liability whatsoever for any damages incurred as a result of errors or omissions in the information
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9. You should use the products described herein within the range specified by Renesas, especially with respect
to the maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, movement power voltage range, heat radiation
characteristics, installation and other product characteristics. Renesas shall have no liability for malfunctions or
damages arising out of the use of Renesas products beyond such specified ranges.
10. Although Renesas endeavors to improve the quality and reliability of its products, IC products have specific
characteristics such as the occurrence of failure at a certain rate and malfunctions under certain use
conditions. Please be sure to implement safety measures to guard against the possibility of physical injury, and
injury or damage caused by fire in the event of the failure of a Renesas product, such as safety design for
hardware and software including but not limited to redundancy, fire control and malfunction prevention,
appropriate treatment for aging degradation or any other applicable measures. Among others, since the
evaluation of microcomputer software alone is very difficult, please evaluate the safety of the final products or
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Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page ii of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
General Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products
The following usage notes are applicable to all MPU/MCU products from Renesas. For detailed usage notes
on the products covered by this manual, refer to the relevant sections of the manual. If the descriptions under
General Precautions in the Handling of MPU/MCU Products and in the body of the manual differ from each
other, the description in the body of the manual takes precedence.
1. Handling of Unused Pins
Handle unused pins in accord with the directions given under Handling of Unused Pins in
the manual.
⎯ The input pins of CMOS products are generally in the high-impedance state. In
operation with an unused pin in the open-circuit state, extra electromagnetic noise is
induced in the vicinity of LSI, an associated shoot-through current flows internally, and
malfunctions may occur due to the false recognition of the pin state as an input signal.
Unused pins should be handled as described under Handling of Unused Pins in the
manual.
2. Processing at Power-on
The state of the product is undefined at the moment when power is supplied.
⎯ The states of internal circuits in the LSI are indeterminate and the states of register
settings and pins are undefined at the moment when power is supplied.
In a finished product where the reset signal is applied to the external reset pin, the
states of pins are not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the
reset process is completed.
In a similar way, the states of pins in a product that is reset by an on-chip power-on
reset function are not guaranteed from the moment when power is supplied until the
power reaches the level at which resetting has been specified.
3. Prohibition of Access to Reserved Addresses
Access to reserved addresses is prohibited.
⎯ The reserved addresses are provided for the possible future expansion of functions. Do
not access these addresses; the correct operation of LSI is not guaranteed if they are
accessed.
4. Clock Signals
After applying a reset, only release the reset line after the operating clock signal has
become stable. When switching the clock signal during program execution, wait until the
target clock signal has stabilized.
⎯ When the clock signal is generated with an external resonator (or from an external
oscillator) during a reset, ensure that the reset line is only released after full stabilization
of the clock signal. Moreover, when switching to a clock signal produced with an
external resonator (or by an external oscillator) while program execution is in progress,
wait until the target clock signal is stable.
5. Differences between Products
Before changing from one product to another, i.e. to one with a different type number,
confirm that the change will not lead to problems.
⎯ The characteristics of MPU/MCU in the same group but having different type numbers
may differ because of the differences in internal memory capacity and layout pattern.
When changing to products of different type numbers, implement a system-evaluation
test for each of the products.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page iii of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page iv of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Preface
This LSI is a single-chip microcomputer made up of the H8S/2000 CPU with an internal 32-bit
architecture as its core, and the peripheral functions required to configure a system.
This LSI is equipped with ROM, RAM, a bus controller, data transfer controller (DTC), a 16-bit
timer pulse unit (TPU), a watchdog timer (WDT), a serial communication interface (SCI), DMA
controller (DMAC), a D/A converter, an A/D converter, and I/O ports as on-chip supporting
modules. This LSI is suitable for use as an embedded processor for high-level control systems. Its
on-chip ROM are flash memory (F-ZTAT™*) and mask ROM that provides flexibility as it can
be reprogrammed in no time to cope with all situations from the early stages of mass production to
full-scale mass production. This is particularly applicable to application devices with
specifications that will most probably change.
Note: * F-ZTAT is a trademark of Renesas Technology Corp.
Target Users: This manual was written for users who will be using the H8S/2329 Group,
H8S/2328 Group in the design of application systems. Members of this audience are
expected to understand the fundamentals of electrical circuits, logical circuits, and
microcomputers.
Objective:
This manual was written to explain the hardware functions and electrical
characteristics of the H8S/2329 Group, H8S/2328 Group to the above audience.
Refer to the H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Software Manual for a detailed
description of the instruction set.
Notes on reading this manual:
• In order to understand the overall functions of the chip
Read the manual according to the contents. This manual can be roughly categorized into parts
on the CPU, system control functions, peripheral functions and electrical characteristics.
• In order to understand the details of the CPU's functions
Read the H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Software Manual.
• In order to understand the details of a register when its name is known
The addresses, bits, and initial values of the registers are summarized in appendix B, Internal
I/O Registers.
Example:
Related Manuals:
Bit order: The MSB is on the left and the LSB is on the right.
The latest versions of all related manuals are available from our web site.
Please ensure you have the latest versions of all documents you require.
(http://www.renesas.com/eng/)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page v of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
H8S/2329 Group, H8S/2328 Group Manuals:
Document Title
Document No.
H8S/2329 Group, H8S/2328 Group Hardware Manual
This manual
H8S/2600 Series, H8S/2000 Series Software Manual
REJ09B0139
User’s Manuals for Development Tools:
Document Title
Document No.
H8S, H8S/300 Series C/C++ Compiler, Assembler, Optimized Linkage
Editor Compiler Package Ver.6.01 User's Manual
REJ10B0161
H8S, H8S/300 Series Simulator/Debugger (for Windows) User’s Manual
ADE-702-037
High-performance Embedded Workshop (for Windows 95/98 and Windows ADE-702-201
NT 4.0) User’s Manual
Application Notes:
Document Title
Document No.
H8S Series Technical Q & A Application Note
REJ05B0397
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page vi of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Main Revisions for This Edition
Item
Page
1.3.1 Pin Arrangement 10
Revision (See Manual for Details)
Figure amended
73
72
71
RES
WDTOVF (FWE
P20 / PO0 / TIOCA3
)*
Figure 1.3 Mask ROM
Versions, F-ZTAT
Versions, H8S/2324S,
H8S/2322R, H8S/2320
Pin Arrangement (TFP120: Top View)
Note amended
Note: * The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and
H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the FZTAT versions.
RES
WDTOVF (FWE
)*
P20 / PO0 / TIOCA3
Figure amended
81
80
79
Figure 1.4 Mask ROM 11
Versions, F-ZTAT
Versions, H8S/2324S,
H8S/2322R, H8S/2320
Pin Arrangement (FP128B: Top View)
Note amended
Note: * The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and
H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the FZTAT versions.
Figure 1.7
HD64F2329B Pin
Arrangement (TFP120: Top View)
14
Figure added
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page vii of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Item
Page
1.3.1 Pin Arrangement 15
Revision (See Manual for Details)
Figure added
Figure 1.8
HD64F2329B Pin
Arrangement (FP128B: Top View)
1.3.3 Pin Functions
26
Table amended
Table 1.3 Pin Functions
MD0
MD1
0
0
1
—
1
0
Mode 2*
1
Mode 3*
1
1
0
1
6.3.5 Chip Select
Signals
169
Operating
Mode
MD2
1
2
1
Mode 4*
2
Mode 5*
0
Mode 6
1
Mode 7
0
Description amended
Enabling or disabling of the CSn signal is performed by setting
the data direction register (DDR) for the port corresponding to
the particular CSn pin and either the CS167 enable bit
(CS167E) or the CS25 enable bit (CS25E).
In ROM-disabled expansion mode, the CS0 pin is placed in the
output state after a power-on reset. Pins CS1 to CS7 are placed
in the input state after a power-on reset, so the corresponding
DDR bits, and CS167E or CS25E, should be set to 1 when
outputting signals CS1 to CS7.
In ROM-enabled expansion mode, pins CS0 to CS7 are all
placed in the input state after a power-on reset, so the
corresponding DDR bits, and CS167E or CS25E, should be set
to 1 when outputting signals CS0 to CS7.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page viii of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Item
Page
Revision (See Manual for Details)
14.2.8 Bit Rate
Register (BRR)
618
Table amended
φ = 25 MHz
Table 14.3 BRR
Settings for Various Bit
Rates (Asynchronous
Mode)
19.4.1 Features
740
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
3
110
–0.02
150
3
80
300
2
162
600
2
80
1200
1
162
2400
1
80
4800
0
162
9600
0
80
19200
0
40
–0.76
31250
0
24
1.00
38400
0
19
1.73
0.47
–0.15
0.47
–0.15
0.47
–0.15
0.47
Description amended
The flash memory can be reprogrammed minimum 100 times.
19.13.1 Features
791
Description amended
The flash memory can be reprogrammed minimum 100 times.
19.22.1 Features
849
Description amended
The flash memory can be reprogrammed minimum 100 times.
22.2.6 Flash Memory
Characteristics
Table 22.22 Flash
Memory Characteristics
977
Table amended
Item
Symbol
Min
1 2 4
Programming time* * *
Typ
Max
Unit
tP
—
10
200
ms/
128 bytes
1 3 6
Erase time* * *
tE
—
50
1000
ms/block
Rewrite times
NWEC
7
8
100* 10000* —
Times
Data hold time
tDRP*
10
—
—
year
x
1
—
—
s
y
50
—
—
s
9
1
Programming Wait time after SWE bit setting*
1
Wait time after PSU bit setting*
Test
Conditions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page ix of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Item
Page
Revision (See Manual for Details)
22.2.6 Flash Memory
Characteristics
978
Notes added
7. The minimum number of rewrites after which all
characteristics are guaranteed. (The guaranteed range is one
to min. rewrites.)
Table 22.22 Flash
Memory Characteristics
8. Reference value at 25°C. (This is a general indication of the
number of rewrites possible under normal conditions.)
9. The data retention characteristics within the specified range,
including min. rewrites.
Appendix F Package
Dimensions
1267
Figure replaced
1268
Figure replaced
Figure F.1 TFP-120
Package Dimensions
Figure F.2 FP-128B
Package Dimensions
All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page x of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
Contents
Section 1 Overview............................................................................................1
1.1
1.2
1.3
Overview........................................................................................................................... 1
Block Diagram .................................................................................................................. 8
Pin Description.................................................................................................................. 10
1.3.1 Pin Arrangement .................................................................................................. 10
1.3.2 Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode ............................................................... 18
1.3.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 24
Section 2 CPU....................................................................................................33
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Overview........................................................................................................................... 33
2.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 33
2.1.2 Differences between H8S/2600 CPU and H8S/2000 CPU .................................. 34
2.1.3 Differences from H8/300 CPU ............................................................................ 35
2.1.4 Differences from H8/300H CPU.......................................................................... 35
CPU Operating Modes ...................................................................................................... 36
Address Space ................................................................................................................... 39
Register Configuration ...................................................................................................... 40
2.4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 40
2.4.2 General Registers ................................................................................................. 41
2.4.3 Control Registers ................................................................................................. 42
2.4.4 Initial Register Values.......................................................................................... 44
Data Formats ..................................................................................................................... 44
2.5.1 General Register Data Formats ............................................................................ 45
2.5.2 Memory Data Formats ......................................................................................... 47
Instruction Set ................................................................................................................... 48
2.6.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 48
2.6.2 Instructions and Addressing Modes ..................................................................... 49
2.6.3 Table of Instructions Classified by Function ....................................................... 50
2.6.4 Basic Instruction Formats .................................................................................... 60
Addressing Modes and Effective Address Calculation ..................................................... 61
2.7.1 Addressing Mode ................................................................................................. 61
2.7.2 Effective Address Calculation ............................................................................. 64
Processing States............................................................................................................... 68
2.8.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 68
2.8.2 Reset State............................................................................................................ 69
2.8.3 Exception-Handling State .................................................................................... 70
2.8.4 Program Execution State...................................................................................... 72
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page xi of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
2.8.5 Bus-Released State............................................................................................... 72
2.8.6 Power-Down State ............................................................................................... 73
2.9 Basic Timing ..................................................................................................................... 73
2.9.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 73
2.9.2 On-Chip Memory (ROM, RAM) ......................................................................... 73
2.9.3 On-Chip Supporting Module Access Timing....................................................... 75
2.9.4 External Address Space Access Timing .............................................................. 76
2.10 Usage Note........................................................................................................................ 76
2.10.1 TAS Instruction.................................................................................................... 76
Section 3 MCU Operating Modes .....................................................................77
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
Overview........................................................................................................................... 77
3.1.1 Operating Mode Selection (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT).............. 77
3.1.2 Operating Mode Selection (Mask ROM and ROMless Versions,
H8S/2329B F-ZTAT)........................................................................................... 78
3.1.3 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 80
Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 80
3.2.1 Mode Control Register (MDCR) ......................................................................... 80
3.2.2 System Control Register (SYSCR) ...................................................................... 81
3.2.3 System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2) (F-ZTAT Version Only) ......................... 82
Operating Mode Descriptions ........................................................................................... 83
3.3.1 Mode 1 ................................................................................................................. 83
3.3.2 Mode 2 (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT Only) ................................................................... 83
3.3.3 Mode 3 (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT Only) ................................................................... 83
3.3.4 Mode 4 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Disabled) ................................... 83
3.3.5 Mode 5 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Disabled) ................................... 84
3.3.6 Mode 6 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Enabled) .................................... 84
3.3.7 Mode 7 (Single-Chip Mode) ................................................................................ 84
3.3.8 Modes 8 and 9 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only) ................. 84
3.3.9 Mode 10 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)........................... 84
3.3.10 Mode 11 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)........................... 85
3.3.11 Modes 12 and 13.................................................................................................. 85
3.3.12 Mode 14 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)........................... 85
3.3.13 Mode 15 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)........................... 85
Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode ............................................................................ 85
Memory Map in Each Operating Mode ............................................................................ 86
Section 4 Exception Handling ...........................................................................101
4.1
Overview........................................................................................................................... 101
4.1.1 Exception Handling Types and Priority............................................................... 101
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page xii of xxx
REJ09B0220-0600
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.1.2 Exception Handling Operation............................................................................. 102
4.1.3 Exception Vector Table ....................................................................................... 102
Reset.................................................................................................................................. 104
4.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 104
4.2.2 Reset Sequence .................................................................................................... 104
4.2.3 Interrupts after Reset............................................................................................ 105
4.2.4 State of On-Chip Supporting Modules after Reset Release ................................. 105
Traces................................................................................................................................ 106
Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 107
Trap Instruction................................................................................................................. 108
Stack Status after Exception Handling.............................................................................. 108
Notes on Use of the Stack ................................................................................................. 109
Section 5 Interrupt Controller ............................................................................111
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
Overview........................................................................................................................... 111
5.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 111
5.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 112
5.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 113
5.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 113
Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 114
5.2.1 System Control Register (SYSCR) ...................................................................... 114
5.2.2 Interrupt Priority Registers A to K (IPRA to IPRK) ............................................ 115
5.2.3 IRQ Enable Register (IER) .................................................................................. 116
5.2.4 IRQ Sense Control Registers H and L (ISCRH, ISCRL)..................................... 117
5.2.5 IRQ Status Register (ISR).................................................................................... 118
Interrupt Sources ............................................................................................................... 119
5.3.1 External Interrupts ............................................................................................... 119
5.3.2 Internal Interrupts................................................................................................. 121
5.3.3 Interrupt Exception Vector Table ........................................................................ 121
Interrupt Operation............................................................................................................ 127
5.4.1 Interrupt Control Modes and Interrupt Operation ................................................ 127
5.4.2 Interrupt Control Mode 0 ..................................................................................... 130
5.4.3 Interrupt Control Mode 2 ..................................................................................... 132
5.4.4 Interrupt Exception Handling Sequence .............................................................. 134
5.4.5 Interrupt Response Times .................................................................................... 136
Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 137
5.5.1 Contention between Interrupt Generation and Disabling..................................... 137
5.5.2 Instructions that Disable Interrupts ...................................................................... 138
5.5.3 Times when Interrupts Are Disabled ................................................................... 138
5.5.4 Interrupts during Execution of EEPMOV Instruction.......................................... 138
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5.6
DTC and DMAC Activation by Interrupt ......................................................................... 139
5.6.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 139
5.6.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 140
5.6.3 Operation ............................................................................................................. 141
Section 6 Bus Controller....................................................................................143
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Overview........................................................................................................................... 143
6.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 143
6.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 145
6.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 146
6.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 148
Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 149
6.2.1 Bus Width Control Register (ABWCR)............................................................... 149
6.2.2 Access State Control Register (ASTCR) ............................................................. 150
6.2.3 Wait Control Registers H and L (WCRH, WCRL).............................................. 151
6.2.4 Bus Control Register H (BCRH) ......................................................................... 154
6.2.5 Bus Control Register L (BCRL) .......................................................................... 157
6.2.6 Memory Control Register (MCR)........................................................................ 159
6.2.7 DRAM Control Register (DRAMCR) ................................................................. 162
6.2.8 Refresh Timer Counter (RTCNT)........................................................................ 164
6.2.9 Refresh Time Constant Register (RTCOR) ......................................................... 164
Overview of Bus Control .................................................................................................. 165
6.3.1 Area Partitioning.................................................................................................. 165
6.3.2 Bus Specifications................................................................................................ 166
6.3.3 Memory Interfaces ............................................................................................... 167
6.3.4 Advanced Mode ................................................................................................... 168
6.3.5 Chip Select Signals .............................................................................................. 169
Basic Bus Interface ........................................................................................................... 170
6.4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 170
6.4.2 Data Size and Data Alignment............................................................................. 170
6.4.3 Valid Strobes........................................................................................................ 172
6.4.4 Basic Timing........................................................................................................ 173
6.4.5 Wait Control ........................................................................................................ 181
DRAM Interface (Not supported in the H8S/2321) .......................................................... 183
6.5.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 183
6.5.2 Setting DRAM Space........................................................................................... 183
6.5.3 Address Multiplexing........................................................................................... 184
6.5.4 Data Bus............................................................................................................... 184
6.5.5 Pins Used for DRAM Interface............................................................................ 185
6.5.6 Basic Timing........................................................................................................ 186
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6.5.7 Precharge State Control ....................................................................................... 187
6.5.8 Wait Control ........................................................................................................ 188
6.5.9 Byte Access Control ............................................................................................ 190
6.5.10 Burst Operation.................................................................................................... 192
6.5.11 Refresh Control.................................................................................................... 195
6.6 DMAC Single Address Mode and DRAM Interface (Not supported in the H8S/2321) ... 198
6.6.1 When DDS = 1..................................................................................................... 198
6.6.2 When DDS = 0..................................................................................................... 199
6.7 Burst ROM Interface......................................................................................................... 200
6.7.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 200
6.7.2 Basic Timing........................................................................................................ 200
6.7.3 Wait Control ........................................................................................................ 202
6.8 Idle Cycle .......................................................................................................................... 203
6.8.1 Operation ............................................................................................................. 203
6.8.2 Pin States in Idle Cycle ........................................................................................ 208
6.9 Write Data Buffer Function .............................................................................................. 209
6.10 Bus Release....................................................................................................................... 210
6.10.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 210
6.10.2 Operation ............................................................................................................. 210
6.10.3 Pin States in External Bus Released State............................................................ 211
6.10.4 Transition Timing ................................................................................................ 212
6.10.5 Usage Note........................................................................................................... 213
6.11 Bus Arbitration.................................................................................................................. 213
6.11.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 213
6.11.2 Operation ............................................................................................................. 213
6.11.3 Bus Transfer Timing ............................................................................................ 214
6.11.4 External Bus Release Usage Note........................................................................ 215
6.12 Resets and the Bus Controller ........................................................................................... 215
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321) ..........................217
7.1
7.2
Overview........................................................................................................................... 217
7.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 217
7.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 218
7.1.3 Overview of Functions......................................................................................... 219
7.1.4 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 221
7.1.5 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 222
Register Descriptions (1) (Short Address Mode) .............................................................. 223
7.2.1 Memory Address Registers (MAR) ..................................................................... 224
7.2.2 I/O Address Register (IOAR) .............................................................................. 225
7.2.3 Execute Transfer Count Register (ETCR) ........................................................... 225
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7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.2.4 DMA Control Register (DMACR) ...................................................................... 227
7.2.5 DMA Band Control Register (DMABCR) .......................................................... 231
Register Descriptions (2) (Full Address Mode) ................................................................ 237
7.3.1 Memory Address Register (MAR)....................................................................... 237
7.3.2 I/O Address Register (IOAR) .............................................................................. 237
7.3.3 Execute Transfer Count Register (ETCR) ........................................................... 238
7.3.4 DMA Control Register (DMACR) ...................................................................... 240
7.3.5 DMA Band Control Register (DMABCR) .......................................................... 244
Register Descriptions (3) .................................................................................................. 250
7.4.1 DMA Write Enable Register (DMAWER) .......................................................... 250
7.4.2 DMA Terminal Control Register (DMATCR)..................................................... 253
7.4.3 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 254
Operation........................................................................................................................... 255
7.5.1 Transfer Modes .................................................................................................... 255
7.5.2 Sequential Mode .................................................................................................. 257
7.5.3 Idle Mode............................................................................................................. 260
7.5.4 Repeat Mode ........................................................................................................ 263
7.5.5 Single Address Mode........................................................................................... 267
7.5.6 Normal Mode....................................................................................................... 270
7.5.7 Block Transfer Mode ........................................................................................... 273
7.5.8 DMAC Activation Sources .................................................................................. 279
7.5.9 Basic DMAC Bus Cycles..................................................................................... 282
7.5.10 DMAC Bus Cycles (Dual Address Mode)........................................................... 283
7.5.11 DMAC Bus Cycles (Single Address Mode) ........................................................ 291
7.5.12 Write Data Buffer Function ................................................................................. 297
7.5.13 DMAC Multi-Channel Operation ........................................................................ 298
7.5.14 Relation Between the DMAC and External Bus Requests, Refresh Cycles,
and the DTC......................................................................................................... 300
7.5.15 NMI Interrupts and DMAC.................................................................................. 301
7.5.16 Forced Termination of DMAC Operation............................................................ 302
7.5.17 Clearing Full Address Mode ................................................................................ 303
Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 304
Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 305
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller....................................................................311
8.1
8.2
Overview........................................................................................................................... 311
8.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 311
8.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 312
8.1.3 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 313
Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 314
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8.3
8.4
8.5
8.2.1 DTC Mode Register A (MRA) ............................................................................ 314
8.2.2 DTC Mode Register B (MRB)............................................................................. 315
8.2.3 DTC Source Address Register (SAR).................................................................. 317
8.2.4 DTC Destination Address Register (DAR).......................................................... 317
8.2.5 DTC Transfer Count Register A (CRA) .............................................................. 318
8.2.6 DTC Transfer Count Register B (CRB)............................................................... 318
8.2.7 DTC Enable Registers (DTCER) ......................................................................... 319
8.2.8 DTC Vector Register (DTVECR)........................................................................ 320
8.2.9 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 321
Operation........................................................................................................................... 321
8.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 321
8.3.2 Activation Sources ............................................................................................... 325
8.3.3 DTC Vector Table................................................................................................ 326
8.3.4 Location of Register Information in Address Space ............................................ 330
8.3.5 Normal Mode....................................................................................................... 331
8.3.6 Repeat Mode ........................................................................................................ 332
8.3.7 Block Transfer Mode ........................................................................................... 333
8.3.8 Chain Transfer ..................................................................................................... 335
8.3.9 Operation Timing................................................................................................. 336
8.3.10 Number of DTC Execution States ....................................................................... 337
8.3.11 Procedures for Using DTC................................................................................... 339
8.3.12 Examples of Use of the DTC ............................................................................... 340
Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 344
Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 345
Section 9 I/O Ports .............................................................................................347
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
Overview........................................................................................................................... 347
Port 1................................................................................................................................. 352
9.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 352
9.2.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 353
9.2.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 355
Port 2................................................................................................................................. 363
9.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 363
9.3.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 364
9.3.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 366
Port 3................................................................................................................................. 374
9.4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 374
9.4.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 374
9.4.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 377
Port 4................................................................................................................................. 379
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9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
9.10
9.11
9.12
9.13
9.5.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 379
9.5.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 380
9.5.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 380
Port 5................................................................................................................................. 381
9.6.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 381
9.6.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 382
9.6.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 386
Port 6................................................................................................................................. 388
9.7.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 388
9.7.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 389
9.7.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 392
Port A................................................................................................................................ 394
9.8.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 394
9.8.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 395
9.8.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 400
9.8.4 MOS Input Pull-Up Function............................................................................... 403
Port B ................................................................................................................................ 404
9.9.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 404
9.9.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 405
9.9.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 407
9.9.4 MOS Input Pull-Up Function............................................................................... 409
Port C ................................................................................................................................ 410
9.10.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 410
9.10.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 411
9.10.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 413
9.10.4 MOS Input Pull-Up Function............................................................................... 415
Port D................................................................................................................................ 416
9.11.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 416
9.11.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 417
9.11.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 420
9.11.4 MOS Input Pull-Up Function............................................................................... 421
Port E ................................................................................................................................ 422
9.12.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 422
9.12.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 423
9.12.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 425
9.12.4 MOS Input Pull-Up Function............................................................................... 427
Port F................................................................................................................................. 428
9.13.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 428
9.13.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 429
9.13.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 433
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9.14 Port G................................................................................................................................ 435
9.14.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 435
9.14.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 436
9.14.3 Pin Functions ....................................................................................................... 439
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)........................................................441
10.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 441
10.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 441
10.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 445
10.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 446
10.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 448
10.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 450
10.2.1 Timer Control Registers (TCR) ........................................................................... 450
10.2.2 Timer Mode Registers (TMDR) .......................................................................... 455
10.2.3 Timer I/O Control Registers (TIOR).................................................................... 457
10.2.4 Timer Interrupt Enable Registers (TIER) ............................................................ 470
10.2.5 Timer Status Registers (TSR) .............................................................................. 472
10.2.6 Timer Counters (TCNT) ...................................................................................... 476
10.2.7 Timer General Registers (TGR)........................................................................... 477
10.2.8 Timer Start Register (TSTR)................................................................................ 478
10.2.9 Timer Synchro Register (TSYR) ......................................................................... 479
10.2.10 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 480
10.3 Interface to Bus Master ..................................................................................................... 481
10.3.1 16-Bit Registers ................................................................................................... 481
10.3.2 8-Bit Registers ..................................................................................................... 481
10.4 Operation........................................................................................................................... 483
10.4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 483
10.4.2 Basic Functions.................................................................................................... 484
10.4.3 Synchronous Operation........................................................................................ 490
10.4.4 Buffer Operation .................................................................................................. 492
10.4.5 Cascaded Operation ............................................................................................. 496
10.4.6 PWM Modes ........................................................................................................ 498
10.4.7 Phase Counting Mode .......................................................................................... 504
10.5 Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 510
10.5.1 Interrupt Sources and Priorities............................................................................ 510
10.5.2 DTC/DMAC Activation....................................................................................... 512
10.5.3 A/D Converter Activation.................................................................................... 512
10.6 Operation Timing.............................................................................................................. 513
10.6.1 Input/Output Timing ............................................................................................ 513
10.6.2 Interrupt Signal Timing........................................................................................ 517
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10.7 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 521
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG) ............................................531
11.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 531
11.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 531
11.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 532
11.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 533
11.1.4 Registers............................................................................................................... 534
11.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 535
11.2.1 Next Data Enable Registers H and L (NDERH, NDERL)................................... 535
11.2.2 Output Data Registers H and L (PODRH, PODRL) ............................................ 536
11.2.3 Next Data Registers H and L (NDRH, NDRL).................................................... 537
11.2.4 Notes on NDR Access ......................................................................................... 537
11.2.5 PPG Output Control Register (PCR).................................................................... 539
11.2.6 PPG Output Mode Register (PMR)...................................................................... 541
11.2.7 Port 1 Data Direction Register (P1DDR)............................................................. 543
11.2.8 Port 2 Data Direction Register (P2DDR)............................................................. 544
11.2.9 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 544
11.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 545
11.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 545
11.3.2 Output Timing...................................................................................................... 546
11.3.3 Normal Pulse Output............................................................................................ 547
11.3.4 Non-Overlapping Pulse Output............................................................................ 549
11.3.5 Inverted Pulse Output .......................................................................................... 552
11.3.6 Pulse Output Triggered by Input Capture ............................................................ 553
11.4 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 554
11.4.1 Operation of Pulse Output Pins............................................................................ 554
11.4.2 Note on Non-Overlapping Output........................................................................ 554
Section 12 8-Bit Timers.....................................................................................557
12.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 557
12.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 557
12.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 558
12.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 559
12.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 559
12.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 560
12.2.1 Timer Counters 0 and 1 (TCNT0, TCNT1) ......................................................... 560
12.2.2 Time Constant Registers A0 and A1 (TCORA0, TCORA1) ............................... 560
12.2.3 Time Constant Registers B0 and B1 (TCORB0, TCORB1) ................................ 561
12.2.4 Time Control Registers 0 and 1 (TCR0, TCR1) .................................................. 561
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12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.2.5 Timer Control/Status Registers 0 and 1 (TCSR0, TCSR1).................................. 563
12.2.6 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 566
Operation........................................................................................................................... 567
12.3.1 TCNT Incrementation Timing ............................................................................. 567
12.3.2 Compare Match Timing ....................................................................................... 568
12.3.3 Timing of TCNT External Reset.......................................................................... 570
12.3.4 Timing of Overflow Flag (OVF) Setting ............................................................. 570
12.3.5 Operation with Cascaded Connection .................................................................. 571
Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 572
12.4.1 Interrupt Sources and DTC Activation ................................................................ 572
12.4.2 A/D Converter Activation.................................................................................... 572
Sample Application........................................................................................................... 573
Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 574
12.6.1 Contention between TCNT Write and Clear........................................................ 574
12.6.2 Contention between TCNT Write and Increment ................................................ 575
12.6.3 Contention between TCOR Write and Compare Match ...................................... 576
12.6.4 Contention between Compare Matches A and B ................................................. 577
12.6.5 Switching of Internal Clocks and TCNT Operation............................................. 577
12.6.6 Interrupts and Module Stop Mode ....................................................................... 579
Section 13 Watchdog Timer ..............................................................................581
13.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 581
13.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 581
13.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 582
13.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 583
13.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 583
13.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 584
13.2.1 Timer Counter (TCNT)........................................................................................ 584
13.2.2 Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR) ................................................................ 585
13.2.3 Reset Control/Status Register (RSTCSR) ............................................................ 587
13.2.4 Notes on Register Access..................................................................................... 588
13.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 589
13.3.1 Operation in Watchdog Timer Mode ................................................................... 589
13.3.2 Operation in Interval Timer Mode ....................................................................... 591
13.3.3 Timing of Overflow Flag (OVF) Setting ............................................................. 592
13.3.4 Timing of Watchdog Timer Overflow Flag (WOVF) Setting.............................. 593
13.4 Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 594
13.5 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 594
13.5.1 Contention between Timer Counter (TCNT) Write and Increment ..................... 594
13.5.2 Changing Value of CKS2 to CKS0...................................................................... 595
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13.5.3 Switching between Watchdog Timer Mode and Interval Timer Mode................ 595
13.5.4 System Reset by WDTOVF Signal...................................................................... 595
13.5.5 Internal Reset in Watchdog Timer Mode............................................................. 596
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI) ............................................597
14.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 597
14.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 597
14.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 599
14.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 600
14.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 601
14.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 602
14.2.1 Receive Shift Register (RSR) .............................................................................. 602
14.2.2 Receive Data Register (RDR) .............................................................................. 602
14.2.3 Transmit Shift Register (TSR) ............................................................................. 603
14.2.4 Transmit Data Register (TDR)............................................................................. 603
14.2.5 Serial Mode Register (SMR)................................................................................ 604
14.2.6 Serial Control Register (SCR).............................................................................. 607
14.2.7 Serial Status Register (SSR) ................................................................................ 611
14.2.8 Bit Rate Register (BRR) ...................................................................................... 615
14.2.9 Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR) .................................................................... 623
14.2.10 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 625
14.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 626
14.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 626
14.3.2 Operation in Asynchronous Mode ....................................................................... 628
14.3.3 Multiprocessor Communication Function............................................................ 639
14.3.4 Operation in Synchronous Mode ......................................................................... 647
14.4 SCI Interrupts.................................................................................................................... 656
14.5 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 658
Section 15 Smart Card Interface........................................................................667
15.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 667
15.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 667
15.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 668
15.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 669
15.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 670
15.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 671
15.2.1 Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR) .................................................................... 671
15.2.2 Serial Status Register (SSR) ................................................................................ 673
15.2.3 Serial Mode Register (SMR)................................................................................ 675
15.2.4 Serial Control Register (SCR).............................................................................. 677
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15.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 678
15.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................. 678
15.3.2 Pin Connections ................................................................................................... 678
15.3.3 Data Format ......................................................................................................... 680
15.3.4 Register Settings .................................................................................................. 682
15.3.5 Clock.................................................................................................................... 684
15.3.6 Data Transfer Operations ..................................................................................... 686
15.3.7 Operation in GSM Mode ..................................................................................... 694
15.3.8 Operation in Block Transfer Mode ...................................................................... 695
15.4 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 696
Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)..........................701
16.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 701
16.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 701
16.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 702
16.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 703
16.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 704
16.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 705
16.2.1 A/D Data Registers A to D (ADDRA to ADDRD) ............................................. 705
16.2.2 A/D Control/Status Register (ADCSR) ............................................................... 706
16.2.3 A/D Control Register (ADCR) ............................................................................ 708
16.2.4 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 709
16.3 Interface to Bus Master ..................................................................................................... 710
16.4 Operation........................................................................................................................... 711
16.4.1 Single Mode (SCAN = 0) .................................................................................... 711
16.4.2 Scan Mode (SCAN = 1) ....................................................................................... 713
16.4.3 Input Sampling and A/D Conversion Time.......................................................... 715
16.4.4 External Trigger Input Timing ............................................................................. 716
16.5 Interrupts ........................................................................................................................... 717
16.6 Usage Notes ...................................................................................................................... 718
Section 17 D/A Converter..................................................................................723
17.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 723
17.1.1 Features................................................................................................................ 723
17.1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 724
17.1.3 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 725
17.1.4 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 725
17.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 726
17.2.1 D/A Data Registers 0, 1 (DADR0, DADR1) ....................................................... 726
17.2.2 D/A Control Registers 01 (DACR01) .................................................................. 726
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17.2.3 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 728
17.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 728
Section 18 RAM ................................................................................................731
18.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 731
18.1.1 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 731
18.1.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 732
18.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 732
18.2.1 System Control Register (SYSCR) ...................................................................... 732
18.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 733
18.4 Usage Note........................................................................................................................ 733
Section 19 ROM ................................................................................................735
19.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 735
19.1.1 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 735
19.1.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 736
19.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 736
19.2.1 Mode Control Register (MDCR) ......................................................................... 736
19.2.2 Bus Control Register L (BCRL) .......................................................................... 737
19.3 Operation........................................................................................................................... 737
19.4 Overview of Flash Memory (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT) ......................................................... 740
19.4.1 Features................................................................................................................ 740
19.4.2 Overview.............................................................................................................. 741
19.4.3 Flash Memory Operating Modes ......................................................................... 742
19.4.4 On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................... 743
19.4.5 Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ...................................................................... 745
19.4.6 Differences between Boot Mode and User Program Mode ................................. 746
19.4.7 Block Configuration............................................................................................. 747
19.4.8 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 748
19.4.9 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 749
19.5 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 750
19.5.1 Flash Memory Control Register 1 (FLMCR1)..................................................... 750
19.5.2 Flash Memory Control Register 2 (FLMCR2)..................................................... 753
19.5.3 Erase Block Register 1 (EBR1) ........................................................................... 754
19.5.4 Erase Block Registers 2 (EBR2) .......................................................................... 754
19.5.5 System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2) ................................................................. 755
19.5.6 RAM Emulation Register (RAMER)................................................................... 756
19.6 On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................................ 758
19.6.1 Boot Mode ........................................................................................................... 759
19.6.2 User Program Mode............................................................................................. 763
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19.7 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory ............................................................................... 765
19.7.1 Program Mode ..................................................................................................... 765
19.7.2 Program-Verify Mode.......................................................................................... 766
19.7.3 Erase Mode .......................................................................................................... 768
19.7.4 Erase-Verify Mode............................................................................................... 768
19.8 Flash Memory Protection.................................................................................................. 770
19.8.1 Hardware Protection ............................................................................................ 770
19.8.2 Software Protection.............................................................................................. 770
19.8.3 Error Protection.................................................................................................... 771
19.9 Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ................................................................................... 773
19.9.1 Emulation in RAM............................................................................................... 773
19.9.2 RAM Overlap ...................................................................................................... 774
19.10 Interrupt Handling when Programming/Erasing Flash Memory....................................... 775
19.11 Flash Memory PROM Mode............................................................................................. 776
19.11.1 PROM Mode Setting............................................................................................ 776
19.11.2 Socket Adapters and Memory Map...................................................................... 776
19.11.3 PROM Mode Operation....................................................................................... 778
19.11.4 Memory Read Mode ............................................................................................ 779
19.11.5 Auto-Program Mode ............................................................................................ 783
19.11.6 Auto-Erase Mode ................................................................................................. 785
19.11.7 Status Read Mode ................................................................................................ 786
19.11.8 Status Polling ....................................................................................................... 788
19.11.9 PROM Mode Transition Time ............................................................................. 788
19.11.10 Notes on Memory Programming........................................................................ 789
19.12 Flash Memory Programming and Erasing Precautions ..................................................... 789
19.13 Overview of Flash Memory (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT) ......................................................... 791
19.13.1 Features................................................................................................................ 791
19.13.2 Overview.............................................................................................................. 792
19.13.3 Flash Memory Operating Modes ......................................................................... 793
19.13.4 On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................... 794
19.13.5 Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ...................................................................... 796
19.13.6 Differences between Boot Mode and User Program Mode ................................. 797
19.13.7 Block Configuration............................................................................................. 798
19.13.8 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 799
19.13.9 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 800
19.14 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 801
19.14.1 Flash Memory Control Register 1 (FLMCR1)..................................................... 801
19.14.2 Flash Memory Control Register 2 (FLMCR2)..................................................... 804
19.14.3 Erase Block Register 1 (EBR1) ........................................................................... 805
19.14.4 Erase Block Registers 2 (EBR2) .......................................................................... 805
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19.15
19.16
19.17
19.18
19.19
19.20
19.21
19.22
19.14.5 System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2) ................................................................. 806
19.14.6 RAM Emulation Register (RAMER)................................................................... 807
On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................................ 809
19.15.1 Boot Mode ........................................................................................................... 809
19.15.2 User Program Mode............................................................................................. 815
Programming/Erasing Flash Memory ............................................................................... 817
19.16.1 Program Mode ..................................................................................................... 817
19.16.2 Program-Verify Mode.......................................................................................... 818
19.16.3 Erase Mode .......................................................................................................... 820
19.16.4 Erase-Verify Mode............................................................................................... 820
Flash Memory Protection.................................................................................................. 822
19.17.1 Hardware Protection ............................................................................................ 822
19.17.2 Software Protection.............................................................................................. 822
19.17.3 Error Protection.................................................................................................... 823
Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ................................................................................... 825
19.18.1 Emulation in RAM............................................................................................... 825
19.18.2 RAM Overlap ...................................................................................................... 826
Interrupt Handling when Programming/Erasing Flash Memory....................................... 827
Flash Memory PROM Mode............................................................................................. 828
19.20.1 PROM Mode Setting............................................................................................ 828
19.20.2 Socket Adapters and Memory Map...................................................................... 829
19.20.3 PROM Mode Operation....................................................................................... 831
19.20.4 Memory Read Mode ............................................................................................ 832
19.20.5 Auto-Program Mode ............................................................................................ 836
19.20.6 Auto-Erase Mode ................................................................................................. 838
19.20.7 Status Read Mode ................................................................................................ 840
19.20.8 Status Polling ....................................................................................................... 841
19.20.9 PROM Mode Transition Time ............................................................................. 842
19.20.10 Notes on Memory Programming........................................................................ 843
Flash Memory Programming and Erasing Precautions ..................................................... 843
Overview of Flash Memory (H8S/2326 F-ZTAT)............................................................ 849
19.22.1 Features................................................................................................................ 849
19.22.2 Overview.............................................................................................................. 850
19.22.3 Flash Memory Operating Modes ......................................................................... 851
19.22.4 On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................... 852
19.22.5 Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ...................................................................... 854
19.22.6 Differences between Boot Mode and User Program Mode ................................. 855
19.22.7 Block Configuration............................................................................................. 856
19.22.8 Pin Configuration................................................................................................. 857
19.22.9 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 858
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19.23 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 859
19.23.1 Flash Memory Control Register 1 (FLMCR1)..................................................... 859
19.23.2 Flash Memory Control Register 2 (FLMCR2)..................................................... 862
19.23.3 Erase Block Register 1 (EBR1) ........................................................................... 865
19.23.4 Erase Block Registers 2 (EBR2) .......................................................................... 866
19.23.5 System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2) ................................................................. 867
19.23.6 RAM Emulation Register (RAMER)................................................................... 868
19.24 On-Board Programming Modes........................................................................................ 870
19.24.1 Boot Mode ........................................................................................................... 870
19.24.2 User Program Mode............................................................................................. 876
19.25 Programming/Erasing Flash Memory ............................................................................... 878
19.25.1 Program Mode (n = 1 for addresses H'000000 to H'03FFFF
and n = 2 for addresses H'040000 to H'07FFFF) ................................................. 878
19.25.2 Program-Verify Mode (n = 1 for addresses H'000000 to H'03FFFF and
n = 2 for addresses H'040000 to H'07FFFF) ........................................................ 879
19.25.3 Erase Mode (n = 1 for addresses H'000000 to H'03FFFF
and n = 2 for addresses H'040000 to H'07FFFF) ................................................. 881
19.25.4 Erase-Verify Mode (n = 1 for addresses H'000000 to H'03FFFF and
n = 2 for addresses H'040000 to H'07FFFF) ........................................................ 882
19.26 Flash Memory Protection.................................................................................................. 884
19.26.1 Hardware Protection ............................................................................................ 884
19.26.2 Software Protection.............................................................................................. 884
19.26.3 Error Protection.................................................................................................... 885
19.27 Flash Memory Emulation in RAM ................................................................................... 887
19.27.1 Emulation in RAM............................................................................................... 887
19.27.2 RAM Overlap ...................................................................................................... 888
19.28 Interrupt Handling when Programming/Erasing Flash Memory....................................... 889
19.29 Flash Memory PROM Mode............................................................................................. 890
19.29.1 PROM Mode Setting............................................................................................ 890
19.29.2 Socket Adapters and Memory Map...................................................................... 891
19.29.3 PROM Mode Operation....................................................................................... 893
19.29.4 Memory Read Mode ............................................................................................ 894
19.29.5 Auto-Program Mode ............................................................................................ 898
19.29.6 Auto-Erase Mode ................................................................................................. 900
19.29.7 Status Read Mode ................................................................................................ 902
19.29.8 Status Polling ....................................................................................................... 904
19.29.9 PROM Mode Transition Time ............................................................................. 904
19.29.10 Notes on Memory Programming........................................................................ 905
19.30 Flash Memory Programming and Erasing Precautions ..................................................... 906
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Section 20 Clock Pulse Generator .....................................................................911
20.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 911
20.1.1 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................... 911
20.1.2 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 912
20.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 912
20.2.1 System Clock Control Register (SCKCR) ........................................................... 912
20.3 Oscillator........................................................................................................................... 914
20.3.1 Connecting a Crystal Resonator........................................................................... 914
20.3.2 External Clock Input ............................................................................................ 916
20.4 Duty Adjustment Circuit ................................................................................................... 918
20.5 Medium-Speed Clock Divider .......................................................................................... 918
20.6 Bus Master Clock Selection Circuit .................................................................................. 918
Section 21 Power-Down Modes ........................................................................919
21.1 Overview........................................................................................................................... 919
21.1.1 Register Configuration......................................................................................... 920
21.2 Register Descriptions ........................................................................................................ 921
21.2.1 Standby Control Register (SBYCR) .................................................................... 921
21.2.2 System Clock Control Register (SCKCR) ........................................................... 923
21.2.3 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR) .......................................................... 925
21.3 Medium-Speed Mode........................................................................................................ 925
21.4 Sleep Mode ....................................................................................................................... 926
21.5 Module Stop Mode............................................................................................................ 927
21.5.1 Module Stop Mode .............................................................................................. 927
21.5.2 Usage Notes ......................................................................................................... 928
21.6 Software Standby Mode.................................................................................................... 929
21.6.1 Software Standby Mode....................................................................................... 929
21.6.2 Clearing Software Standby Mode ........................................................................ 929
21.6.3 Setting Oscillation Stabilization Time after Clearing Software Standby Mode... 930
21.6.4 Software Standby Mode Application Example.................................................... 930
21.6.5 Usage Notes ......................................................................................................... 931
21.7 Hardware Standby Mode .................................................................................................. 932
21.7.1 Hardware Standby Mode ..................................................................................... 932
21.7.2 Hardware Standby Mode Timing......................................................................... 932
21.8 φ Clock Output Disabling Function .................................................................................. 933
Section 22 Electrical Characteristics .................................................................935
22.1 Electrical Characteristics of Mask ROM Version (H8S/2328, H8S/2327, H8S/2323)
and ROMless Version (H8S/2324S, H8S/2322R, H8S/2321, H8S/2320) ........................ 935
22.1.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................ 935
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22.1.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................... 936
22.1.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................... 940
22.1.4 A/D Conversion Characteristics........................................................................... 964
22.1.5 D/A Conversion Characteristics........................................................................... 965
22.2 Electrical Characteristics of F-ZTAT (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT, H8S/2329E F-ZTAT,
H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT) ....................................................................... 966
22.2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................ 966
22.2.2 DC Characteristics ............................................................................................... 967
22.2.3 AC Characteristics ............................................................................................... 970
22.2.4 A/D Conversion Characteristics........................................................................... 975
22.2.5 D/A Conversion Characteristics........................................................................... 976
22.2.6 Flash Memory Characteristics ............................................................................. 977
22.3 Usage Note........................................................................................................................ 978
Appendix A Instruction Set ...............................................................................979
A.1
A.2
A.3
A.4
A.5
A.6
Instruction List .................................................................................................................. 979
Instruction Codes .............................................................................................................. 1003
Operation Code Map......................................................................................................... 1018
Number of States Required for Instruction Execution ...................................................... 1022
Bus States during Instruction Execution ........................................................................... 1036
Condition Code Modification ........................................................................................... 1050
Appendix B Internal I/O Registers ....................................................................1056
B.1
B.2
B.3
List of Registers (Address Order) ..................................................................................... 1056
List of Registers (By Module)........................................................................................... 1066
Functions........................................................................................................................... 1077
Appendix C I/O Port Block Diagrams ...............................................................1219
C.1
C.2
C.3
C.4
C.5
C.6
C.7
C.8
C.9
C.10
C.11
C.12
Port 1................................................................................................................................. 1219
Port 2................................................................................................................................. 1222
Port 3................................................................................................................................. 1226
Port 4................................................................................................................................. 1229
Port 5................................................................................................................................. 1230
Port 6................................................................................................................................. 1234
Port A................................................................................................................................ 1240
Port B ................................................................................................................................ 1243
Port C ................................................................................................................................ 1244
Port D................................................................................................................................ 1245
Port E ................................................................................................................................ 1246
Port F................................................................................................................................. 1247
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C.13 Port G................................................................................................................................ 1255
Appendix D Pin States.......................................................................................1259
D.1
Port States in Each Mode .................................................................................................. 1259
Appendix E Product Lineup ..............................................................................1266
Appendix F Package Dimensions......................................................................1267
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page xxx of xxx
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Section 1 Overview
Section 1 Overview
1.1
Overview
The H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328 Group are series of microcomputers (MCUs: microcomputer
units), built around the H8S/2000 CPU, employing Renesas’ proprietary architecture, and
equipped with supporting functions on-chip.
The H8S/2000 CPU has an internal 32-bit architecture, is provided with sixteen 16-bit general
registers and a concise, optimized instruction set designed for high-speed operation, and can
address a 16-Mbyte linear address space. The instruction set is upward-compatible with H8/300
and H8/300H CPU instructions at the object-code level, facilitating migration from the H8/300,
H8/300L, or H8/300H Series.
On-chip supporting functions required for system configuration include DMA controller
(DMAC)*1 and data transfer controller (DTC) bus masters, ROM and RAM, a 16-bit timer-pulse
unit (TPU), programmable pulse generator (PPG), 8-bit timer, watchdog timer (WDT), serial
communication interface (SCI), A/D converter, D/A converter, and I/O ports.
A high-functionality bus controller is also provided, enabling fast and easy connection of DRAM
and other kinds of memory.
Single-power-supply flash memory (F-ZTAT™*2) and mask ROM versions are available,
providing a quick and flexible response to conditions from ramp-up through full-scale volume
production, even for applications with frequently changing specifications. ROM is connected to
the CPU via a 16-bit data bus, enabling both byte and word data to be accessed in one state.
Instruction fetching is thus speeded up, and processing speed increased.
The features of the H8S/2329 Group is shown in table 1.1.
Notes: 1. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
2. F-ZTAT is a trademark of Renesas Technology Corp.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 1 of 1268
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Section 1 Overview
Table 1.1
Overview
Item
Specification
CPU
•
General-register machine
⎯ Sixteen 16-bit general registers (also usable as sixteen 8-bit registers
or eight 32-bit registers)
•
High-speed operation suitable for realtime control
⎯ Maximum clock rate: 25 MHz
⎯ High-speed arithmetic operations
8/16/32-bit register-register add/subtract: 40 ns (at 25-MHz operation)
16 × 16-bit register-register multiply: 800 ns (at 25-MHz operation)
32 ÷ 16-bit register-register divide: 800 ns (at 25-MHz operation)
•
Instruction set suitable for high-speed operation
⎯ Sixty-five basic instructions
⎯ 8/16/32-bit move/arithmetic and logic instructions
⎯ Unsigned/signed multiply and divide instructions
⎯ Powerful bit-manipulation instructions
•
CPU operating mode
⎯ Advanced mode: 16-Mbyte address space
Bus controller
•
Address space divided into 8 areas, with bus specifications settable
independently for each area
•
Chip select output possible for each area
•
Choice of 8-bit or 16-bit access space for each area
•
2-state or 3-state access space can be designated for each area
•
Number of program wait states can be set for each area
•
Burst ROM directly connectable
Maximum 8-Mbyte DRAM* directly connectable (or use of interval timer
•
possible)
DMA controller*
(DMAC)
•
External bus release function
•
Choice of short address mode or full address mode
•
4 channels in short address mode
•
2 channels in full address mode
•
Transfer possible in repeat mode, block transfer mode, etc.
•
Single address mode transfer possible
•
Can be activated by internal interrupt
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 2 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Item
Specification
Data transfer
controller (DTC)
•
Can be activated by internal interrupt or software
•
Multiple transfers or multiple types of transfer possible for one activation
source
•
Transfer possible in repeat mode, block transfer mode, etc.
•
Request can be sent to CPU for interrupt that activated DTC
•
6-channel 16-bit timer
•
Pulse I/O processing capability for up to 16 pins
•
Automatic 2-phase encoder count capability
•
Maximum 16-bit pulse output possible with TPU as time base
•
Output trigger selectable in 4-bit groups
•
Non-overlap margin can be set
•
Direct output or inverse output setting possible
•
8-bit up-counter (external event count capability)
•
Two time constant registers
•
Two-channel connection possible
Watchdog timer
(WDT)
•
Watchdog timer or interval timer selectable
Serial
communication
interface (SCI),
3 channels
•
Asynchronous mode or synchronous mode selectable
•
Multiprocessor communication function
•
Smart card interface function
A/D converter
•
Resolution: 10 bits
•
Input: 8 channel
•
High-speed conversion: 6.7 µs minimum conversion time
(at 20-MHz operation)
•
Single or scan mode selectable
•
Sample-and-hold circuit
•
A/D conversion can be activated by external trigger or timer trigger
•
Resolution: 8 bits
•
Output: 2 channels
•
86 input/output pins, 9 input pins
16-bit timer-pulse
unit (TPU)
Programmable
pulse generator
(PPG)
8-bit timer,
2 channels
D/A converter
I/O ports
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 3 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Item
Specification
Memory
•
Flash memory, mask ROM
•
High-speed static RAM
Product Code
ROM
RAM
H8S/2329B, H8S/2329E
2
H8S/2328* , H8S/2328B
384 kbytes
32 kbytes
256 kbytes
8 kbytes
H8S/2327
128 kbytes
8 kbytes
H8S/2326
512 kbytes
8 kbytes
*1
H8S/2324S
—
32 kbytes
H8S/2323
32 kbytes
8 kbytes
H8S/2322R
—
8 kbytes
H8S/2321
—
4 kbytes
H8S/2320
—
4 kbytes
Notes: 1. The on-chip debug function can be used with the E10A emulator
(E10A compatible version). However, some function modules and
pin functions are unavailable when the on-chip debug function is
in use. Refer to figures 1.7 and 1.8, Pin Arrangement. For
specifications, refer to the item for the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
2. Mask ROM version only.
Interrupt controller
Power-down state
•
39 external interrupt pins (NMI, IRQ0 to IRQ7)
•
52 internal interrupt sources
•
Eight priority levels settable
•
Medium-speed mode
•
Sleep mode
•
Module stop mode
•
Software standby mode
•
Hardware standby mode
•
Variable clock division ratio
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 4 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Item
Specification
Operating modes
•
Eight MCU operating modes (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT)
External Data Bus
CPU
Operating
Description
Mode Mode
On-Chip Initial
ROM
Value
Maximum
Value
1
—
—
—
—
—
2
3
4
5
Advanced On-chip ROM disabled
expansion mode
6
On-chip ROM enabled
expansion mode
7
Single-chip mode
8
—
—
Disabled 16 bits
16 bits
8 bits
16 bits
8 bits
16 bits
—
—
—
—
—
Enabled
8 bits
16 bits
—
—
—
—
Enabled
9
10
Advanced Boot mode
11
12
—
—
—
13
14
15
Advanced User program mode
Enabled
8 bits
16 bits
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 5 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Item
Specification
Operating modes
•
Four MCU operating modes (ROMless, mask ROM versions, H8S/2329B
F-ZTAT)
CPU
Operating
Description
Mode Mode
1
1
2*
1
3*
2
4*
—
—
External Data Bus
On-Chip Initial
ROM
Value
Maximum
Value
—
—
—
Advanced On-chip ROM disabled Disabled 16 bits 16 bits
expansion mode
2
5*
On-chip ROM disabled Disabled 8 bits
16 bits
expansion mode
6
On-chip ROM enabled Enabled 8 bits
16 bits
expansion mode
7
Single-chip mode
Enabled —
—
Notes: 1. Boot mode in the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT. See table 19.9, for
information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user boot modes. See table
19.9, for information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user program modes.
2. The ROMless versions can use only modes 4 and 5.
Clock pulse
generator
•
Built-in duty correction circuit
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 6 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Item
Specification
Product lineup
Condition A
Condition B
Operating power supply voltage
2.7 to 3.6 V
3.0 to 3.6 V
Operating frequency
2 to 20 MHz
2 to 25 MHz
Model
HD64F2329B
—
O
HD64F2329E*
—
O
HD6432328
O
—
O
O
—
O
HD64F2326
HD6412324S
O
O
HD6432323
O
O
HD6412322R
O
O
HD6412321
O
O
HD64F2328B
HD6432327
O
O
HD6412320
O
O
O: Products in the current lineup
Note: * The on-chip debug function can be used with the E10A emulator
(E10A compatible version). However, some function modules and pin
functions are unavailable when the on-chip debug function is in use.
Refer to figures 1.7 and 1.8, Pin Arrangement. For specifications, refer
to the item for the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
Note: * Not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 7 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Port
C
PC7 /A7
PC6 /A6
PC5 /A5
PC4 /A4
PC3 /A3
PC2 /A2
PC1 /A1
PC0 /A0
Port
3
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 /RxD1
P32 /RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
Port
5
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2/IRQ6
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
WDT
Port
G
8-bit timer
SCI
TPU
D/A converter
PPG
A/D converter
Port 1
Port 2
Port 4
P47 /AN7 /DA1
P46 /AN6 /DA0
P45 /AN5
P44 /AN4
P43 /AN3
P42 /AN2
P41 /AN1
P40 /AN0
Port
6
Vref
AVCC
AVSS
P67 /CS7 /IRQ3
P66 /CS6 /IRQ2
P65 /IRQ1
P64 /IRQ0
P63 /TEND1
P62 /DREQ1
P61 /TEND0 /CS5
P60 /DREQ0 /CS4
Port
B
PB7 /A15
PB6 /A14
PB5 /A13
PB4 /A12
PB3 / A11
PB2 /A10
PB1 /A9
PB0 /A8
RAM
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P21 /PO1 / TIOCB3
P20 /PO0 / TIOCA3
PG4 /CS0
PG3 /CS1
PG2 /CS2
PG1 /CS3
PG0 /CAS
DMAC
ROM*2
Port
F
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 / TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 / TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 / DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 / DACK0
PF7 /φ
PF6 /AS
PF5 /RD
PF4 /HWR
PF3 /LWR
PF2 /LCAS/WAIT/BREQO
PF1 /BACK
PF0 /BREQ
DTC
Peripheral data bus
Interrupt controller
Internal data bus
H8S/2000 CPU
Port
A
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA3 /A19
PA2 /A18
PA1 /A17
PA0 /A16
Peripheral address bus
Port E
Bus controller
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
Port D
Internal address bus
Clock pulse
generator
MD2
MD1
MD0
EXTAL
XTAL
STBY
RES
WDTOVF (FWE, EMLE)*1
NMI
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
Block Diagram
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
1.2
Notes: 1. The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
The EMLE pin applies to the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT only.
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
2. ROM is not supported in the ROMless versions.
Figure 1.1 Mask ROM Versions, F-ZTAT Versions, H8S/2324S, H8S/2322R, H8S/2320
Internal Block Diagram
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 8 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Port
C
PC7 /A7
PC6 /A6
PC5 /A5
PC4 /A4
PC3 /A3
PC2 /A2
PC1 /A1
PC0 /A0
Port
3
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 /RxD1
P32 /RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
Port
5
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2/IRQ6
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
WDT
Port
G
8-bit timer
SCI
TPU
D/A converter
PPG
A/D converter
Port 1
Port 2
Port 4
P47 / AN7 / DA1
P46 / AN6 / DA0
P45 / AN5
P44 / AN4
P43 / AN3
P42 / AN2
P41 / AN1
P40 / AN0
Port
6
Vref
AVCC
AVSS
P67 /CS7 /IRQ3
P66 /CS6 /IRQ2
P65 /IRQ1
P64 /IRQ0
P63
P62
P61 /CS5
P60 /CS4
Port
B
PB7 /A15
PB6 /A14
PB5 /A13
PB4 /A12
PB3 / A11
PB2 /A10
PB1 /A9
PB0 /A8
RAM
P27 / PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P26 / PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P25 / PO5 /TIOCB4 /TMCI1
P24 / PO4 /TIOCA4 /TMRI1
P23 / PO3 /TIOCD3 /TMCI0
P22 / PO2 /TIOCC3 /TMRI0
P21 / PO1 /TIOCB3
P20 / PO0 /TIOCA3
PG4 /CS0
PG3 /CS1
PG2 /CS2
PG1 /CS3
PG0
Port
F
P17 / PO15 /TIOCB2 /TCLKD
P16 / PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 / PO13 /TIOCB1 /TCLKC
P14 / PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 / PO11 /TIOCD0 /TCLKB
P12 / PO10 /TIOCC0 /TCLKA
P11 / PO9 /TIOCB0
P10 / PO8 /TIOCA0
PF7 / φ
PF6 /AS
PF5 /RD
PF4 /HWR
PF3 /LWR
PF2 /WAIT/BREQO
PF1 /BACK
PF0 /BREQ
DTC
Peripheral data bus
Interrupt controller
Internal data bus
H8S/2000 CPU
Port
A
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA3 /A19
PA2 /A18
PA1 /A17
PA0 /A16
Peripheral address bus
Port E
Bus controller
PE7 / D7
PE6 / D6
PE5 / D5
PE4 / D4
PE3 / D3
PE2 / D2
PE1 / D1
PE0 / D0
Port D
Internal address bus
Clock pulse
generator
MD2
MD1
MD0
EXTAL
XTAL
STBY
RES
WDTOVF
NMI
PD7 / D15
PD6 / D14
PD5 / D13
PD4 / D12
PD3 / D11
PD2 / D10
PD1 / D9
PD0 / D8
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
Section 1 Overview
Figure 1.2 H8S/2321 Internal Block Diagram
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 9 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Pin Description
1.3.1
Pin Arrangement
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
P51 / RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 / BREQ
PF1 / BACK
PF2 / LCAS/WAIT / BREQO
PF3 / LWR
PF4 / HWR
PF5 / RD
PF6 / AS
VCC
PF7 / φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
WDTOVF (FWE)*
1.3
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 / TEND1
P62 / DREQ1
P61 / TEND0 / CS5
Section 1 Overview
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
P60 /DREQ0 /CS4
VSS
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 /RxD1
P32 /RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
P64 /IRQ0
P65 /IRQ1
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 / IRQ4
PA5 /A21 / IRQ5
PA6 /A22 / IRQ6
PA7 /A23 / IRQ7
P67 / CS7/ IRQ3
P66 / CS6/ IRQ2
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /DA0 /AN6
P47 /DA1 /AN7
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 / TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 / TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 /DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 /DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 /CAS
PG1 /CS3
PG2 /CS2
PG3 /CS1
PG4 /CS0
Note: * The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
Figure 1.3 Mask ROM Versions, F-ZTAT Versions, H8S/2324S, H8S/2322R, H8S/2320 Pin
Arrangement (TFP-120: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 10 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 / RxD1
P32 / RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
PG3 /CS1
PG4 /CS0
VSS
VSSNC
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
P67 /CS7/IRQ3
P66 /CS6/IRQ2
VSS
VSS
P65 /IRQ1
P64 /IRQ0
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /AN6 /DA0
P47 /AN7 /DA1
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 /TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 /TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 /DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 /DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 /CAS
PG1 /CS3
PG2 /CS2
102
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
VSS
VSS
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 /BREQ
PF1 /BACK
PF2 /LCAS/WAIT /BREQO
PF3 /LWR
PF4 /HWR
PF5 /RD
PF6 /AS
VCC
PF7 /φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
WDTOVF (FWE)*
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 /TEND1
P62 /DREQ1
P61 /TEND0 /CS5
VSS
VSS
P60 /DREQ0 /CS4
VSS
Section 1 Overview
Note: * The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
The WDTOVF pin function is not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
Figure 1.4 Mask ROM Versions, F-ZTAT Versions, H8S/2324S, H8S/2322R, H8S/2320 Pin
Arrangement (FP-128B: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 11 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
P67 /CS7/IRQ3
P66 /CS6/IRQ2
P52 /SCK2 / IRQ6
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 / AN1
P42 / AN2
P43 / AN3
P44 / AN4
P45 / AN5
P46 / DA0 / AN6
P47 / DA1 / AN7
AVSS
VSS
P17 / PO15 /TIOCB2 /TCLKD
P16 / PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 / PO13 /TIOCB1 /TCLKC
P14 / PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 / PO11 /TIOCD0 /TCLKB
P12 / PO10 /TIOCC0 /TCLKA
P11 / PO9 /TIOCB0
P10 / PO8 /TIOCA0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0
PG1 / CS3
PG2 / CS2
PG3 / CS1
PG4 / CS0
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 /BREQ
PF1 /BACK
PF2 /WAIT /BREQO
PF3 /LWR
PF4 /HWR
PF5 /RD
PF6 /AS
VCC
PF7 / φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
WDTOVF
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 /TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 /TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 /TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 /TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63
P62
P61 /CS5
Section 1 Overview
Figure 1.5 H8S/2321 Pin Arrangement (TFP-120: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 12 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
P60 / CS4
VSS
P35 / SCK1
P34 / SCK0
P33 / RxD1
P32 / RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
VCC
PD7 / D15
PD6 / D14
PD5 / D13
PD4 / D12
VSS
PD3 / D11
PD2 / D10
PD1 / D9
PD0 / D8
PE7 / D7
PE6 / D6
PE5 / D5
PE4 / D4
VSS
PE3 / D3
PE2 / D2
PE1 / D1
PE0 / D0
VCC
P64 / IRQ0
P65 / IRQ1
PG3 /CS1
PG4 /CS0
VSS
VSSNC
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
P67 /CS7/IRQ3
P66 /CS6/IRQ2
VSS
VSS
P65 /IRQ1
P64 /IRQ0
AVCC
Vref
P40 / AN0
P41 / AN1
P42 / AN2
P43 / AN3
P44 / AN4
P45 / AN5
P46 / AN6 / DA0
P47 / AN7 / DA1
AVSS
VSS
P17 / PO15 / TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 / PO14 / TIOCA2
P15 / PO13 / TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 / PO12 / TIOCA1
P13 / PO11 / TIOCD0 / TCLKB
P12 / PO10 / TIOCC0 / TCLKA
P11 / PO9 / TIOCB0
P10 / PO8 / TIOCA0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0
PG1 / CS3
PG2 / CS2
102
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
VSS
VSS
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 /BREQ
PF1 /BACK
PF2 /WAIT/BREQO
PF3 /LWR
PF4 /HWR
PF5 /RD
PF6 /AS
VCC
PF7 /φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
WDTOVF
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 /TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 /TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 /TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 /TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63
P62
P61 /CS5
VSS
VSS
P60 /CS4
VSS
Section 1 Overview
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
P35 / SCK1
P34 / SCK0
P33 / RxD1
P32 / RxD0
P31 / TxD1
P30 / TxD0
VCC
PD7 / D15
PD6 / D14
PD5 / D13
PD4 / D12
VSS
PD3 / D11
PD2 / D10
PD1 / D9
PD0 / D8
PE7 / D7
PE6 / D6
PE5 / D5
PE4 / D4
VSS
PE3 / D3
PE2 / D2
PE1 / D1
PE0 / D0
VCC
Figure 1.6 H8S/2321 Pin Arrangement (FP-128B: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 13 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
P51 / RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 / BREQ
PF1 / BACK
PF2 / LCAS/WAIT / BREQO
PF3 / LWR
PF4 / HWR
PF5 / RD
PF6 / AS
VCC
PF7 / φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
EMLE
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 / TEND1
P62 / DREQ1
P61 / TEND0 / CS5
Section 1 Overview
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 / IRQ4
PA5 /A21 / IRQ5
PA6 /A22 / IRQ6
PA7 /A23 / IRQ7
P67 / CS7/ IRQ3
P66 / CS6/ IRQ2
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /DA0 /AN6
P47 /DA1 /AN7
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 / TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 / TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 /DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 /DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 /CAS
PG1 /CS3
PG2 /CS2
PG3 /CS1
PG4 /CS0
Figure 1.7 HD64F2329B Pin Arrangement (TFP-120: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 14 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
P60 /DREQ0 /CS4
VSS
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 /RxD1
P32 /RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
P64 /IRQ0
P65 /IRQ1
PG3 /CS1
PG4 /CS0
VSS
VSSNC
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
P67 /CS7/IRQ3
P66 /CS6/IRQ2
VSS
VSS
P65 /IRQ1
P64 /IRQ0
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /AN6 /DA0
P47 /AN7 /DA1
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 /TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 /TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 / DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 / DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 / CAS
PG1 / CS3
PG2 / CS2
102
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
VSS
VSS
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 /BREQ
PF1 /BACK
PF2 /LCAS/WAIT/BREQO
PF3 /LWR
PF4 /HWR
PF5 /RD
PF6 /AS
VCC
PF7 /φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
EMLE
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 /TEND1
P62 /DREQ1
P61 /TEND0 /CS5
VSS
VSS
P60 /DREQ0 /CS4
VSS
Section 1 Overview
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0
P33 / RxD1
P32 / RxD0
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
Figure 1.8 HD64F2329B Pin Arrangement (FP-128B: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 15 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 /TEND1/TDO *
P62 /DREQ1/TDI *
P61 /TEND0 /CS5/TCK *
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
P60 / DREQ0 / CS4/TMS *
VSS
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0*/ TRST*
P33 / RxD1
P32 / RxD0*
P31 / TxD1
P30 / TxD0*
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
P64 / IRQ0
P65 / IRQ1
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 /IRQ4
PA5 /A21 /IRQ5
PA6 /A22 /IRQ6
PA7 /A23 /IRQ7
P67 /CS7/IRQ3
P66 /CS6/IRQ2
P52 /SCK2 / IRQ6
P53 /ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /DA0 /AN6
P47 /DA1 /AN7
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 /TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 /TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 / TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 / TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 / DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 / DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 / CAS
PG1 / CS3
PG2 / CS2
PG3 / CS1
PG4 / CS0
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
P51 /RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 /BREQ
PF1 /BACK
PF2 /LCAS/WAIT/BREQO
PF3 /LWR
PF4 /HWR
PF5 /RD
PF6 /AS
VCC
PF7 / φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
EMLE*
E10A compatible version
Note: * If an E10A emulator is used, the TDO, TDI, TDK, TMS, and TRST pins are used exclusively for the H-UDI and the
functions and function modules associated with these pins are not available. SCI channel 0 is not available. Also, the
watchdog timer continues to operate during break states and, if the settings specify that an internal reset is to be
performed, a reset is generated if an overflow occurs.
Refer to the E10A Emulator User's Manual for E10A emulator connection examples.
Figure 1.9 HD64F2329E Pin Arrangement (TFP-120: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 16 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
P35 /SCK1
P34 /SCK0*/TRST*
P33 /RxD1
P32 /RxD0*
P31 /TxD1
P30 /TxD0*
VCC
PD7 /D15
PD6 /D14
PD5 /D13
PD4 /D12
VSS
PD3 /D11
PD2 /D10
PD1 /D9
PD0 /D8
PE7 /D7
PE6 /D6
PE5 /D5
PE4 /D4
VSS
PE3 /D3
PE2 /D2
PE1 /D1
PE0 /D0
VCC
PG3 / CS1
PG4 / CS0
VSS
NC
VCC
PC0 /A0
PC1 /A1
PC2 /A2
PC3 /A3
VSS
PC4 /A4
PC5 /A5
PC6 /A6
PC7 /A7
PB0 /A8
PB1 /A9
PB2 /A10
PB3 /A11
VSS
PB4 /A12
PB5 /A13
PB6 /A14
PB7 /A15
PA0 /A16
PA1 /A17
PA2 /A18
PA3 /A19
VSS
PA4 /A20 / IRQ4
PA5 /A21 / IRQ5
PA6 /A22 / IRQ6
PA7 /A23 / IRQ7
P67 / CS7/ IRQ3
P66 / CS6/ IRQ2
VSS
VSS
P65 / IRQ1
P64 / IRQ0
AVCC
Vref
P40 /AN0
P41 /AN1
P42 /AN2
P43 /AN3
P44 /AN4
P45 /AN5
P46 /AN6 /DA0
P47 /AN7 /DA1
AVSS
VSS
P17 /PO15 /TIOCB2 / TCLKD
P16 /PO14 /TIOCA2
P15 /PO13 /TIOCB1 / TCLKC
P14 /PO12 /TIOCA1
P13 /PO11 /TIOCD0 /TCLKB
P12 /PO10 /TIOCC0 /TCLKA
P11 /PO9 /TIOCB0 /DACK1
P10 /PO8 /TIOCA0 /DACK0
MD0
MD1
MD2
PG0 /CAS
PG1 /CS3
PG2 /CS2
102
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
90
89
88
87
86
85
84
83
82
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
P53 / ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/BREQO
P52 /SCK2 /IRQ6
VSS
VSS
P51 / RxD2/IRQ5
P50 /TxD2/IRQ4
PF0 / BREQ
PF1 / BACK
PF2 / LCAS/WAIT / BREQO
PF3 / LWR
PF4 / HWR
PF5 / RD
PF6 / AS
VCC
PF7 /φ
VSS
EXTAL
XTAL
VCC
STBY
NMI
RES
EMLE*
P20 /PO0 /TIOCA3
P21 /PO1 /TIOCB3
P22 /PO2 /TIOCC3 / TMRI0
P23 /PO3 /TIOCD3 / TMCI0
P24 /PO4 /TIOCA4 / TMRI1
P25 /PO5 /TIOCB4 / TMCI1
P26 /PO6 /TIOCA5 /TMO0
P27 /PO7 /TIOCB5 /TMO1
P63 / TEND1/TDO *
P62 / DREQ1/ T D I *
P61 / TEND0 / CS5/TCK *
VSS
VSS
P60 / DREQ0 / CS4/TMS *
VSS
E10A compatible version
Note: * If an E10A emulator is used, the TDO, TDI, TDK, TMS, and TRST pins are used exclusively for the H-UDI and the
functions and function modules associated with these pins are not available. SCI channel 0 is not available. Also, the
watchdog timer continues to operate during break states and, if the settings specify that an internal reset is to be
performed, a reset is generated if an overflow occurs.
Refer to the E10A Emulator User's Manual for E10A emulator connection examples.
Figure 1.10 HD64F2329E Pin Arrangement (FP-128B: Top View)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 17 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
1.3.2
Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode
Table 1.2
Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
1
5
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
2
6
A0
A0
PC0/A0
PC0
A0
3
7
A1
A1
PC1/A1
PC1
A1
4
8
A2
A2
PC2/A2
PC2
A2
5
9
A3
A3
PC3/A3
PC3
A3
6
10
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
7
11
A4
A4
PC4/A4
PC4
A4
8
12
A5
A5
PC5/A5
PC5
A5
9
13
A6
A6
PC6/A6
PC6
A6
10
14
A7
A7
PC7/A7
PC7
A7
11
15
A8
A8
PB0/A8
PB0
A8
12
16
A9
A9
PB1/A9
PB1
A9
13
17
A10
A10
PB2/A10
PB2
A10
14
18
A11
A11
PB3/A11
PB3
A11
15
19
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
16
20
A12
A12
PB4/A12
PB4
A12
17
21
A13
A13
PB5/A13
PB5
A13
18
22
A14
A14
PB6/A14
PB6
A14
19
23
A15
A15
PB7/A15
PB7
A15
20
24
A16
A16
PA0/A16
PA0
A16
21
25
A17
A17
PA1/A17
PA1
A17
22
26
A18
A18
PA2/A18
PA2
A18
23
27
A19
A19
PA3/A19
PA3
NC
24
28
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
25
29
A20
A20
PA4/A20/IRQ4
PA4/IRQ4
NC
26
30
PA5/A21/IRQ5
PA5/A21/IRQ5
PA5/A21/IRQ5
PA5/IRQ5
NC
27
31
PA6/A22/IRQ6
PA6/A22/IRQ6
PA6/A22/IRQ6
PA6/IRQ6
NC
1
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 18 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
28
32
PA7/A23/IRQ7
PA7/A23/IRQ7
PA7/A23/IRQ7
PA7/IRQ7
NC
29
33
P67/IRQ3/CS7
P67/IRQ3/CS7
P67/IRQ3/CS7
P67/IRQ3
NC
30
34
P66/IRQ2/CS6
P66/IRQ2/CS6
P66/IRQ2/CS6
P66/IRQ2
VCC
—
35
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
—
36
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
31
37
P65/IRQ1
P65/IRQ1
P65/IRQ1
P65/IRQ1
VSS
32
38
P64/IRQ0
P64/IRQ0
P64/IRQ0
P64/IRQ0
VSS
33
39
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
34
40
PE0/D0
PE0/D0
PE0/D0
PE0
NC
35
41
PE1/D1
PE1/D1
PE1/D1
PE1
NC
36
42
PE2/D2
PE2/D2
PE2/D2
PE2
NC
37
43
PE3/D3
PE3/D3
PE3/D3
PE3
NC
38
44
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
39
45
PE4/D4
PE4/D4
PE4/D4
PE4
NC
40
46
PE5/D5
PE5/D5
PE5/D5
PE5
NC
41
47
PE6/D6
PE6/D6
PE6/D6
PE6
NC
42
48
PE7/D7
PE7/D7
PE7/D7
PE7
NC
43
49
D8
D8
D8
PD0
I/O0
44
50
D9
D9
D9
PD1
I/O1
45
51
D10
D10
D10
PD2
I/O2
46
52
D11
D11
D11
PD3
I/O3
47
53
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
48
54
D12
D12
D12
PD4
I/O4
49
55
D13
D13
D13
PD5
I/O5
50
56
D14
D14
D14
PD6
I/O6
51
57
D15
D15
D15
PD7
I/O7
52
58
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
53
59
P30/TxD0
P30/TxD0
P30/TxD0
P30/TxD0
NC
54
60
P31/TxD1
P31/TxD1
P31/TxD1
P31/TxD1
NC
55
61
P32/RxD0
P32/RxD0
P32/RxD0
P32/RxD0
NC
1
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 19 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
56
62
P33/RxD1
P33/RxD1
P33/RxD1
P33/RxD1
NC
57
63
P34/SCK0
P34/SCK0
P34/SCK0
P34/SCK0
NC
58
64
P35/SCK1
P35/SCK1
P35/SCK1
P35/SCK1
NC
59
65
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
66
2
P60/DREQ0* /
2
P60/DREQ0* /
2
P60/DREQ0* /
2
P60/DREQ0*
NC
CS4
CS4
CS4
60
1
1
—
67
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
—
68
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
69
2
P61/TEND0* /
2
P61/TEND0* /
2
P61/TEND0* /
2
P61/TEND0*
NC
CS5
CS5
CS5
61
70
P62/DREQ1*
2
P62/DREQ1*
2
P62/DREQ1*
2
P62/DREQ1*
NC
63
71
P63/TEND1
*2
*2
*2
*2
NC
64
72
P27/PO7/
TIOCB5/TMO1
P27/PO7/
TIOCB5/TMO1
P27/PO7/
TIOCB5/TMO1
P27/PO7/
TIOCB5/TMO1
NC
65
73
P26/PO6/
TIOCA5/TMO0
P26/PO6/
TIOCA5/TMO0
P26/PO6/
TIOCA5/TMO0
P26/PO6/
TIOCA5/TMO0
NC
66
74
P25/PO5/
TIOCB4/TMCI1
P25/PO5/
TIOCB4/TMCI1
P25/PO5/
TIOCB4/TMCI1
P25/PO5/
TIOCB4/TMCI1
VSS
67
75
P24/PO4/
TIOCA4/TMRI1
P24/PO4/
TIOCA4/TMRI1
P24/PO4/
TIOCA4/TMRI1
P24/PO4/
TIOCA4/TMRI1
WE
68
76
P23/PO3/
P23/PO3/
P23/PO3/
P23/PO3/
CE
TIOCD3/TMCI0 TIOCD3/TMCI0 TIOCD3/TMCI0 TIOCD3/TMCI0
69
77
P22/PO2/
P22/PO2/
P22/PO2/
P22/PO2/
OE
TIOCC3/TMRI0 TIOCC3/TMRI0 TIOCC3/TMRI0 TIOCC3/TMRI0
70
78
P21/PO1/
TIOCB3
P21/PO1/
TIOCB3
P21/PO1/
TIOCB3
P21/PO1/
TIOCB3
NC
71
79
P20/PO0/
TIOCA3
P20/PO0/
TIOCA3
P20/PO0/
TIOCA3
P20/PO0/
TIOCA3
NC
72
80
WDTOVF
WDTOVF
WDTOVF
WDTOVF
FWE, EMLE*
3
3
3
3
(FWE, EMLE)* (FWE, EMLE)* (FWE, EMLE)* (FWE, EMLE)*
73
81
RES
RES
RES
RES
RES
74
82
NMI
NMI
NMI
NMI
VCC
75
83
STBY
STBY
STBY
STBY
VCC
62
P63/TEND1
P63/TEND1
2
P63/TEND1
3
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 20 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
76
84
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
77
85
XTAL
XTAL
XTAL
XTAL
XTAL
78
86
EXTAL
EXTAL
EXTAL
EXTAL
EXTAL
79
87
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
80
88
PF7/φ
PF7/φ
PF7/φ
PF7/φ
NC
81
89
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
VCC
82
90
PF6/AS
PF6/AS
PF6/AS
PF6
NC
83
91
RD
RD
RD
PF5
NC
84
92
HWR
HWR
HWR
PF4
NC
85
93
PF3/LWR
PF3/LWR
PF3/LWR
PF3
NC
94
4
PF2/LCAS* /
4
PF2/LCAS* /
4
PF2/LCAS* /
PF2
NC
WAIT/BREQO
WAIT/BREQO
WAIT/BREQO
86
1
1
87
95
PF1/BACK
PF1/BACK
PF1/BACK
PF1
NC
88
96
PF0/BREQ
PF0/BREQ
PF0/BREQ
PF0
NC
89
97
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
NC
90
98
P51/RxD2/IRQ5 P51/RxD2/IRQ5 P51/RxD2/IRQ5 P51/RxD2/IRQ5 VCC
—
99
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
—
100
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
91
101
P52/SCK2/
IRQ6
P52/SCK2/
IRQ6
P52/SCK2/
IRQ6
P52/SCK2/
IRQ6
NC
92
102
P53/ADTRG/
IRQ7/WAIT/
BREQO
P53/ADTRG/
IRQ7/WAIT/
BREQO
P53/ADTRG/
IRQ7/WAIT/
BREQO
P53/ADTRG/
IRQ7
NC
93
103
AVCC
AVCC
AVCC
AVCC
VCC
94
104
Vref
Vref
Vref
Vref
VCC
95
105
P40/AN0
P40/AN0
P40/AN0
P40/AN0
NC
96
106
P41/AN1
P41/AN1
P41/AN1
P41/AN1
NC
97
107
P42/AN2
P42/AN2
P42/AN2
P42/AN2
NC
98
108
P43/AN3
P43/AN3
P43/AN3
P43/AN3
NC
99
109
P44/AN4
P44/AN4
P44/AN4
P44/AN4
NC
100
110
P45/AN5
P45/AN5
P45/AN5
P45/AN5
NC
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 21 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
101
111
P46/AN6/DA0
P46/AN6/DA0
P46/AN6/DA0
P46/AN6/DA0
NC
102
112
P47/AN7/ DA1
P47/AN7/DA1
P47/AN7/DA1
P47/AN7/DA1
NC
103
113
AVSS
AVSS
AVSS
AVSS
VSS
104
114
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
105
115
P17/PO15/
TIOCB2/
TCLKD
P17/PO15/
TIOCB2/
TCLKD
P17/PO15/
TIOCB2/
TCLKD
P17/PO15/
TIOCB2/
TCLKD
NC
106
116
P16/PO14/
TIOCA2
P16/PO14/
TIOCA2
P16/PO14/
TIOCA2
P16/PO14/
TIOCA2
NC
107
117
P15/PO13/
TIOCB1/
TCLKC
P15/PO13/
TIOCB1/
TCLKC
P15/PO13/
TIOCB1/
TCLKC
P15/PO13/
TIOCB1/
TCLKC
NC
108
118
P14/PO12/
TIOCA1
P14/PO12/
TIOCA1
P14/PO12/
TIOCA1
P14/PO12/
TIOCA1
NC
109
119
P13/PO11/
TIOCD0/
TCLKB
P13/PO11/
TIOCD0/
TCLKB
P13/PO11/
TIOCD0/
TCLKB
P13/PO11/
TIOCD0/
TCLKB
NC
110
120
P12/PO10/
TIOCC0/
TCLKA
P12/PO10/
TIOCC0/
TCLKA
P12/PO10/
TIOCC0/
TCLKA
P12/PO10/
TIOCC0/
TCLKA
NC
111
121
P11/PO9/
TIOCB0/
5
DACK1*
P11/PO9/
TIOCB0/
5
DACK1*
P11/PO9/
TIOCB0/
5
DACK1*
P11/PO9/
TIOCB0/
5
DACK1*
NC
112
122
P10/PO8/
TIOCA0/
6
DACK0*
P10/PO8/
TIOCA0/
6
DACK0*
P10/PO8/
TIOCA0/
6
DACK0*
P10/PO8/
TIOCA0/
6
DACK0*
NC
113
123
MD0
MD0
MD0
MD0
VSS
114
124
MD1
MD1
MD1
MD1
VSS
115
125
MD2
MD2
VSS
PG0
NC
1
1
MD2
*6
PG0/CAS
MD2
*6
116
126
PG0/CAS
117
127
PG1/CS3
PG1/CS3
PG1/CS3
PG1
NC
118
128
PG2/CS2
PG2/CS2
PG2/CS2
PG2
NC
119
1
PG3/CS1
PG3/CS1
PG3/CS1
PG3
NC
120
2
PG4/CS0
PG4/CS0
PG4/CS0
PG4
NC
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 22 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
PG0/CAS
*6
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Pin Name
TFP-120
FP-128B
Mode 4*
Mode 5*
Mode 6
Mode 7
Flash Memory
Programmer
Mode
—
3
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
VSS
—
4
1
VSSNC
*7
1
VSSNC
*7
VSSNC
*7
VSSNC
*7
NC
Notes: 1. Only modes 4 and 5 are provided in the ROMless version.
2. The DREQ0, TEND0, DREQ1, and TEND1 pin functions are not supported in the
H8S/2321.
3. The FWE pin applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only. The
EMLE pin applies to the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT only. The WDTOVF pin function is not
available in the F-ZTAT versions.
4. The LCAS pin function is not supported in the H8S/2321.
5. The DACK1 pin function is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6. The DACK0 and CAS pin functions are not supported in the H8S/2321.
7. The VSSNC pin is connected to the VSS pin or released.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 23 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
1.3.3
Table 1.3
Pin Functions
Pin Functions
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B I/O
Name and Function
Power
VCC
1, 33,
52, 76,
81
5, 39,
58, 84,
89
Input
Power supply: For connection to the
power supply. All VCC pins should be
connected to the system power
supply.
VSS
6, 15,
24, 38,
47, 59,
79, 104
3, 10,
19, 28,
35, 36,
44, 53,
65, 67,
68, 87,
99, 100,
114
Input
Ground: For connection to ground
(0 V). All VSS pins should be
connected to the system power
supply (0 V).
XTAL
77
85
Input
Connects to a crystal resonator.
See section 20, Clock Pulse
Generator for typical connection
diagrams for a crystal resonator and
external clock input.
EXTAL
78
86
Input
Connects to a crystal resonator.
The EXTAL pin can also input an
external clock.
See section 20, Clock Pulse
Generator for typical connection
diagrams for a crystal resonator and
external clock input.
φ
80
88
Output System clock: Supplies the system
clock to an external device.
Clock
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 24 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
Operating mode MD2 to
control
MD0
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
115 to
113
125 to
123
Input
Mode pins: These pins set the
operating mode.
The relation between the settings of
pins MD2 to MD0 and the operating
mode is shown below. These pins
should not be changed while the chip
is operating.
H8S/2328B F-ZTAT,
H8S/2326 F-ZTAT:
Operating
FWE MD2 MD1 MD0 Mode
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
—
1
0
—
1
—
0
0
Mode 4
1
Mode 5
1
0
Mode 6
1
Mode 7
0
—
1
—
0
Mode 10
1
Mode 11
0
—
1
—
0
Mode 14
1
Mode 15
0
1
1
0
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 25 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
Operating mode MD2 to
control
MD0
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
115 to
113
125 to
123
Input
Mask ROM and ROMless versions,
H8S/2329B F-ZTAT:
MD2
MD1
MD0
Operating
Mode
0
0
1
—
1
0
Mode 2*
1
Mode 3*
1
1
0
1
1
2
1
Mode 4*
2
Mode 5*
0
Mode 6
1
Mode 7
0
Notes: 1. Applies to the H8S/2329B
F-ZTAT only.
2. The ROMless versions can
use only modes 4 and 5.
System control
RES
73
81
Input
Reset input: When this pin is driven
low, the chip is reset.
STBY
75
83
Input
Standby: When this pin is driven low,
a transition is made to hardware
standby mode.
BREQ
88
96
Input
Bus request: Used by an external
bus master to issue a bus request to
the chip.
BREQO
86, 92
94, 102
Output Bus request output: The external
bus request signal used when an
internal bus master accesses external
space in the external bus-released
state.
BACK
87
95
Output Bus request acknowledge:
Indicates that the bus has been
released to an external bus master.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 26 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
System control
1
FWE*
72
80
Input
Flash write enable: Enables/
disables flash memory programming.
EMLE*
72
80
Input
Emulator enable: For connection to
the power supply (0 V)
NMI
74
82
Input
Nonmaskable interrupt: Requests a
nonmaskable interrupt. When this pin
is not used, it should be fixed high.
IRQ7 to
IRQ0
28 to 25,
29 to 32,
89 to 92
32 to 29, Input
33, 34,
37, 38, 97,
98, 101,
102
Interrupt request 7 to 0: These pins
request a maskable interrupt.
Address bus
A23 to
A0
28 to 25,
23 to 16,
14 to 7,
5 to 2
32 to 29,
27 to 20,
18 to 11,
9 to 6
Output Address bus: These pins output an
address.
Data bus
D15 to
D0
51 to 48,
46 to 39,
37 to 34
57 to 54,
52 to 45,
43 to 40
I/O
Bus control
CS7 to
CS0
29, 30,
33, 34,
Output Chip select: Signals for selecting
61, 60,
69, 66,
areas 7 to 0.
117 to 120 127, 128,
1, 2
AS
82
90
Output Address strobe: When this pin is
low, it indicates that address output
on the address bus is enabled.
RD
83
91
Output Read: When this pin is low, it
indicates that the external address
space can be read.
HWR
84
92
Output High write/write enable: A strobe
signal that writes to external space
and indicates that the upper half (D15
to D8) of the data bus is enabled.
The 2-CAS type DRAM write enable
signal.
LWR
85
93
Output Low write: A strobe signal that
writes to external space and
indicates that the lower half (D7 to D0)
of the data bus is enabled.
2
Interrupts
Data bus: These pins constitute a
bidirectional data bus.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 27 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Bus control
4
CAS*
116
126
Output Upper column address strobe/
column address strobe: The 2-CAS
type DRAM upper column address
strobe signal.
LCAS*
86
94
Output Lower column address strobe: The
2-CAS type DRAM lower column
address strobe signal.
WAIT
86, 92
94, 102
Input
Wait: Requests insertion of a wait
state in the bus cycle when
accessing external 3-state access
space.
DREQ1,
DREQ0
62, 60
70, 66
Input
DMA request 1 and 0: These pins
request DMAC activation.
TEND1,
TEND0
63, 61
71, 69
Output DMA transfer end 1 and 0: These
pins indicate the end of DMAC data
transfer.
DACK1,
DACK0
111, 112
121, 122
Output DMA transfer acknowledge 1 and
0: These are the DMAC single
address transfer acknowledge pins.
TCLKD to
TCLKA
105, 107, 115, 117, Input
109, 110 119, 120
Clock input D to A: These pins input
an external clock.
TIOCA0,
TIOCB0,
TIOCC0,
TIOCD0
112 to
109
122 to
119
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A0 to D0: The TGR0A to
TGR0D input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
TIOCA1,
TIOCB1
108, 107
118, 117
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A1 and B1: The TGR1A and
TGR1B input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
TIOCA2,
TIOCB2
106, 105
116, 115
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A2 and B2: The TGR2A and
TGR2B input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
TIOCA3,
TIOCB3,
TIOCC3,
TIOCD3
71 to 68
79 to 76
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A3 to D3: The TGR3A to
TGR3D input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
4
DMA controller
3
(DMAC) *
16-bit timer
pulse unit
(TPU)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 28 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Name and Function
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
16-bit timer
pulse unit
(TPU)
TIOCA4,
TIOCB4
67, 66
75, 74
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A4 and B4: The TGR4A and
TGR4B input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
TIOCA5,
TIOCB5
65, 64
73, 72
I/O
Input capture/output compare
match A5 and B5: The TGR5A and
TGR5B input capture input or output
compare output, or PWM output pins.
Programmable PO15 to
pulse generator PO0
(PPG)
105 to
112,
64 to 71
115 to
122,
72 to 79
Output Pulse output 15 to 0: Pulse output
pins.
8-bit timer
TMO0,
TMO1
65, 64
73, 72
Output Compare match output: The
compare match output pins.
TMCI0,
TMCI1
68, 66
76, 74
Input
Counter external clock input: Input
pins for the external clock input to the
counter.
TMRI0,
TMRI1
69, 67
77, 75
Input
Counter external reset input: The
counter reset input pins.
Watchdog
timer (WDT)
WDTOVF* 72
80
Output Watchdog timer overflow: The
counter overflow signal output pin in
watchdog timer mode.
Serial
communication
interface (SCI)/
smart card
interface
TxD2,
TxD1,
TxD0
89, 54,
53
97, 60,
59
Output Transmit data (channel 0, 1, 2):
Data output pins.
RxD2,
RxD1,
RxD0
90, 56,
55
98, 62,
61
Input
SCK2,
SCK1,
SCK0
91, 58,
57
101, 64, 63I/O
Serial clock (channel 0, 1, 2):
Clock I/O pins.
AN7 to
AN0
102 to
95
112 to
105
Input
Analog 7 to 0: Analog input pins.
ADTRG
92
102
Input
A/D conversion external trigger
input: Pin for input of an external
trigger to start A/D conversion.
DA1, DA0
102, 101
112, 111
Output Analog output: D/A converter
analog output pins.
A/D converter
D/A converter
5
Receive data (channel 0, 1, 2):
Data input pins.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 29 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
A/D converter
and D/A
converter
AVCC
93
103
Input
This is the power supply pin for the
A/D converter and D/A converter.
When the A/D converter and D/A
converter are not used, this pin
should be connected to the system
power supply (+3 V).
AVSS
103
113
Input
This is the ground pin for the A/D
converter and D/A converter.
This pin should be connected to the
system power supply (0 V).
Vref
94
104
Input
This is the reference voltage input pin
for the A/D converter and D/A
converter.
When the A/D converter and D/A
converter are not used, this pin
should be connected to the system
power supply (+3 V).
P17 to
P10
105 to
112
115 to
122
I/O
Port 1: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 1 data direction
register (P1DDR).
P27 to
P20
64 to 71
72 to 79
I/O
Port 2: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 2 data direction
register (P2DDR).
P35 to
P30
58 to 53
64 to 59
I/O
Port 3: A 6-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 3 data direction
register (P3DDR).
P47 to
P40
102 to
95
112 to
105
Input
Port 4: An 8-bit input port.
P53 to
P50
92 to 89
102, 101, I/O
98, 97
I/O ports
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 30 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Port 5: A 4-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 5 data direction
register (P5DDR).
Section 1 Overview
Pin No.
Type
Symbol
TFP-120
FP-128B
I/O
Name and Function
I/O ports
P67 to
P60
29 to 32,
63 to 60
33, 34,
37, 38,
71 to 69,
66
I/O
Port 6: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port 6 data direction
register (P6DDR).
PA7 to
PA0
28 to 25,
23 to 20
32 to 29,
27 to 24
I/O
PB7 to
PB0
19 to 16,
14 to 11
23 to 20,
18 to 15
I/O
PC7 to
PC0
10 to 7,
5 to 2
14 to 11,
9 to 6
I/O
PD7 to
PD0
51 to 48,
46 to 43
57 to 54,
52 to 49
I/O
Port A: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port A data direction
register (PADDR).
5
Port B* : An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port B data direction
register (PBDDR).
5
Port C* : An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port C data direction
register (PCDDR).
5
Port D* : An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port D data direction
register (PDDDR).
PE7 to
PE0
42 to 39,
37 to 34
48 to 45,
43 to 40
I/O
Port E: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port E data direction
register (PEDDR).
PF7 to
PF0
80,
82 to 88
88,
90 to 96
I/O
Port F: An 8-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port F data direction
register (PFDDR).
PG4 to
PG0
120 to
116
2, 1,
128 to
126
I/O
Port G: A 5-bit I/O port. Input or
output can be designated for each bit
by means of the port G data direction
register (PGDDR).
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Applies to the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT only.
Applies to the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT only.
Not supported in the H8S/2321.
Not available in the F-ZTAT versions.
Cannot be used as an I/O port in the ROMless versions.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 31 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 1 Overview
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 32 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 2 CPU
Section 2 CPU
2.1
Overview
The H8S/2000 CPU is a high-speed central processing unit with an internal 32-bit architecture that
is upward-compatible with the H8/300 and H8/300H CPUs. The H8S/2000 CPU has sixteen 16-bit
general registers, can address a 16-Mbyte (architecturally 4-Gbyte) linear address space, and is
ideal for realtime control.
2.1.1
Features
The H8S/2000 CPU has the following features.
• Upward-compatible with H8/300 and H8/300H CPUs
⎯ Can execute H8/300 and H8/300H object programs
• General-register architecture
⎯ Sixteen 16-bit general registers (also usable as sixteen 8-bit registers or eight 32-bit
registers)
• Sixty-five basic instructions
⎯ 8/16/32-bit arithmetic and logic instructions
⎯ Multiply and divide instructions
⎯ Powerful bit-manipulation instructions
• Eight addressing modes
⎯ Register direct [Rn]
⎯ Register indirect [@ERn]
⎯ Register indirect with displacement [@(d:16,ERn) or @(d:32,ERn)]
⎯ Register indirect with post-increment or pre-decrement [@ERn+ or @–ERn]
⎯ Absolute address [@aa:8, @aa:16, @aa:24, or @aa:32]
⎯ Immediate [#xx:8, #xx:16, or #xx:32]
⎯ Program-counter relative [@(d:8,PC) or @(d:16,PC)]
⎯ Memory indirect [@@aa:8]
• 16-Mbyte address space
⎯ Program: 16 Mbytes
⎯ Data:
16 Mbytes (4 Gbytes architecturally)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 33 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 2 CPU
• High-speed operation
⎯ All frequently-used instructions execute in one or two states
⎯ Maximum clock rate:
25 MHz
⎯ 8/16/32-bit register-register add/subtract: 40 ns
⎯ 8 × 8-bit register-register multiply:
480 ns
⎯ 16 ÷ 8-bit register-register divide:
480 ns
⎯ 16 × 16-bit register-register multiply:
800 ns
⎯ 32 ÷ 16-bit register-register divide:
800 ns
• CPU operating mode
⎯ Advanced mode
• Power-down state
⎯ Transition to power-down state by SLEEP instruction
⎯ CPU clock speed selection
2.1.2
Differences between H8S/2600 CPU and H8S/2000 CPU
The differences between the H8S/2600 CPU and the H8S/2000 CPU are as shown below.
• Register configuration
The MAC register is supported only by the H8S/2600 CPU.
• Basic instructions
The four instructions MAC, CLRMAC, LDMAC, and STMAC are supported only by the
H8S/2600 CPU.
• Number of execution states
The number of exection states of the MULXU and MULXS instructions.
Internal Operation
Instruction
Mnemonic
H8S/2600
H8S/2000
MULXU
MULXU.B Rs, Rd
3
12
MULXU.W Rs, ERd
4
20
MULXS.B Rs, Rd
4
13
MULXS.W Rs, ERd
5
21
MULXS
There are also differences in the address space, CCR and EXR functions, power-down state, etc.,
depending on the product.
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Section 2 CPU
2.1.3
Differences from H8/300 CPU
In comparison to the H8/300 CPU, the H8S/2000 CPU has the following enhancements.
• More general registers and control registers
⎯ Eight 16-bit expanded registers, and one 8-bit control register, have been added.
• Expanded address space
⎯ Advanced mode supports a maximum 16-Mbyte address space.
• Enhanced addressing
⎯ The addressing modes have been enhanced to make effective use of the 16-Mbyte address
space.
• Enhanced instructions
⎯ Addressing modes of bit-manipulation instructions have been enhanced.
⎯ Signed multiply and divide instructions have been added.
⎯ Two-bit shift instructions have been added.
⎯ Instructions for saving and restoring multiple registers have been added.
⎯ A test and set instruction has been added.
• Higher speed
⎯ Basic instructions execute twice as fast.
2.1.4
Differences from H8/300H CPU
In comparison to the H8/300H CPU, the H8S/2000 CPU has the following enhancements.
• Additional control register
⎯ One 8-bit control register has been added.
• Enhanced instructions
⎯ Addressing modes of bit-manipulation instructions have been enhanced.
⎯ Two-bit shift instructions have been added.
⎯ Instructions for saving and restoring multiple registers have been added.
⎯ A test and set instruction has been added.
• Higher speed
⎯ Basic instructions execute twice as fast.
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Section 2 CPU
2.2
CPU Operating Modes
The H8S/2329 and H8S/2328 Group CPU has advanced operating mode. Advanced mode
supports a maximum 16-Mbyte total address space (architecturally a maximum 16-Mbyte program
area and a maximum of 4 Gbytes for program and data areas combined). The mode is selected by
the mode pins of the microcontroller.
Advanced Mode
Address Space: Linear access is provided to a 16-Mbyte maximum address space (architecturally
a maximum 16-Mbyte program area and a maximum 4-Gbyte data area, with a maximum of 4
Gbytes for program and data areas combined).
Extended Registers (En): The extended registers (E0 to E7) can be used as 16-bit registers, or as
the upper 16-bit segments of 32-bit registers or address registers.
Instruction Set: All instructions and addressing modes can be used.
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Section 2 CPU
Exception Vector Table and Memory Indirect Branch Addresses: In advanced mode the top
area starting at H'00000000 is allocated to the exception vector table in units of 32 bits. In each 32
bits, the upper 8 bits are ignored and a branch address is stored in the lower 24 bits (figure 2.1).
For details of the exception vector table, see section 4, Exception Handling.
H'00000000
Reserved
Power-on reset exception vector
H'00000003
H'00000004
Reserved
H'00000007
H'00000008
Exception vector table
H'0000000B
(Reserved for system use)
H'0000000C
H'00000010
Reserved
Exception vector 1
Figure 2.1 Exception Vector Table (Advanced Mode)
The memory indirect addressing mode (@@aa:8) employed in the JMP and JSR instructions uses
an 8-bit absolute address included in the instruction code to specify a memory operand that
contains a branch address. In advanced mode the operand is a 32-bit longword operand, providing
a 32-bit branch address. The upper 8 bits of these 32 bits are a reserved area that is regarded as
H'00. Branch addresses can be stored in the area from H'00000000 to H'000000FF. Note that the
first part of this range is also the exception vector table.
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Section 2 CPU
Stack Structure: In advanced mode, when the program counter (PC) is pushed onto the stack in a
subroutine call, and the PC, condition-code register (CCR), and extended control register (EXR)
are pushed onto the stack in exception handling, they are stored as shown in figure 2.2. When
EXR is invalid, it is not pushed onto the stack. For details, see section 4, Exception Handling.
EXR*1
Reserved*1 *3
CCR
SP
SP
Reserved
PC
(24 bits)
(a) Subroutine Branch
*2
(SP
)
PC
(24 bits)
(b) Exception Handling
Notes: 1. When EXR is not used it is not stored on the stack.
2. SP when EXR is not used.
3. Ignored when returning.
Figure 2.2 Stack Structure in Advanced Mode
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Section 2 CPU
2.3
Address Space
Figure 2.3 shows a memory map of the H8S/2000 CPU. The H8S/2000 CPU provides linear
access to a maximum 16-Mbyte (architecturally 4-Gbyte) address space in advanced mode.
H'00000000
Program area
H'00FFFFFF
Data area
Cannot be
used by the
H8S/2329 and
H8S/2328
Group
H'FFFFFFFF
Advanced Mode
Figure 2.3 Memory Map
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Section 2 CPU
2.4
Register Configuration
2.4.1
Overview
The CPU has the internal registers shown in figure 2.4. There are two types of registers: general
registers and control registers.
General Registers (Rn) and Extended Registers (En)
15
07
07
0
ER0
E0
R0H
R0L
ER1
E1
R1H
R1L
ER2
E2
R2H
R2L
ER3
E3
R3H
R3L
ER4
E4
R4H
R4L
ER5
E5
R5H
R5L
ER6
E6
R6H
R6L
ER7 (SP)
E7
R7H
R7L
Control Registers (CR)
23
0
PC
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
EXR T — — — — I2 I1 I0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CCR I UI H U N Z V C
Legend:
SP:
PC:
EXR:
T:
I2 to I0:
CCR:
I:
UI:
Stack pointer
Program counter
Extended control register
Trace bit
Interrupt mask bits
Condition-code register
Interrupt mask bit
User bit or interrupt mask bit*
H:
U:
N:
Z:
V:
C:
Half-carry flag
User bit
Negative flag
Zero flag
Overflow flag
Carry flag
Note: * In the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328 Group, this bit cannot be used as an interrupt
mask.
Figure 2.4 CPU Registers
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Section 2 CPU
2.4.2
General Registers
The CPU has eight 32-bit general registers. These general registers are all functionally alike and
can be used as both address registers and data registers. When a general register is used as a data
register, it can be accessed as a 32-bit, 16-bit, or 8-bit register. When the general registers are used
as 32-bit registers or address registers, they are designated by the letters ER (ER0 to ER7).
The ER registers divide into 16-bit general registers designated by the letters E (E0 to E7) and R
(R0 to R7). These registers are functionally equivalent, providing a maximum sixteen 16-bit
registers. The E registers (E0 to E7) are also referred to as extended registers.
The R registers divide into 8-bit general registers designated by the letters RH (R0H to R7H) and
RL (R0L to R7L). These registers are functionally equivalent, providing a maximum sixteen 8-bit
registers.
Figure 2.5 illustrates the usage of the general registers. The usage of each register can be selected
independently.
• Address registers
• 32-bit registers
• 16-bit registers
• 8-bit registers
E registers (extended registers)
(E0 to E7)
RH registers
(R0H to R7H)
ER registers
(ER0 to ER7)
R registers
(R0 to R7)
RL registers
(R0L to R7L)
Figure 2.5 Usage of General Registers
General register ER7 has the function of stack pointer (SP) in addition to its general-register
function, and is used implicitly in exception handling and subroutine calls. Figure 2.6 shows the
stack.
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Section 2 CPU
Free area
SP (ER7)
Stack area
Figure 2.6 Stack
2.4.3
Control Registers
The control registers are the 24-bit program counter (PC), 8-bit extended control register (EXR),
and 8-bit condition-code register (CCR).
(1) Program Counter (PC)
This 24-bit counter indicates the address of the next instruction the CPU will execute. The length
of all CPU instructions is 2 bytes (one word), so the least significant PC bit is ignored. (When an
instruction is fetched, the least significant PC bit is regarded as 0.)
(2) Extended Control Register (EXR)
This 8-bit register contains the trace bit (T) and three interrupt mask bits (I2 to I0).
Bit 7—Trace Bit (T): Selects trace mode. When this bit is cleared to 0, instructions are executed
in sequence. When this bit is set to 1, a trace exception is generated each time an instruction is
executed.
Bits 6 to 3—Reserved: These bits are reserved. They are always read as 1.
Bits 2 to 0—Interrupt Mask Bits (I2 to I0): These bits designate the interrupt mask level (0 to
7). For details, refer to section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Operations can be performed on the EXR bits by the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC
instructions. All interrupts, including NMI, are disabled for three states after one of these
instructions is executed, except for STC.
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Section 2 CPU
(3) Condition-Code Register (CCR)
This 8-bit register contains internal CPU status information, including an interrupt mask bit (I) and
half-carry (H), negative (N), zero (Z), overflow (V), and carry (C) flags.
Bit 7—Interrupt Mask Bit (I): Masks interrupts other than NMI when set to 1. (NMI is accepted
regardless of the I bit setting.) The I bit is set to 1 by hardware at the start of an exceptionhandling sequence. For details, refer to section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Bit 6—User Bit or Interrupt Mask Bit (UI): Can be written and read by software using the
LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC instructions. With the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328
Group, this bit cannot be used as an interrupt mask bit.
Bit 5—Half-Carry Flag (H): When the ADD.B, ADDX.B, SUB.B, SUBX.B, CMP.B, or NEG.B
instruction is executed, this flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 3, and cleared to 0
otherwise. When the ADD.W, SUB.W, CMP.W, or NEG.W instruction is executed, the H flag is
set to 1 if there is a carry or borrow at bit 11, and cleared to 0 otherwise. When the ADD.L,
SUB.L, CMP.L, or NEG.L instruction is executed, the H flag is set to 1 if there is a carry or
borrow at bit 27, and cleared to 0 otherwise.
Bit 4—User Bit (U): Can be written and read by software using the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and
XORC instructions.
Bit 3—Negative Flag (N): Stores the value of the most significant bit (sign bit) of data.
Bit 2—Zero Flag (Z): Set to 1 to indicate zero data, and cleared to 0 to indicate non-zero data.
Bit 1—Overflow Flag (V): Set to 1 when an arithmetic overflow occurs, and cleared to 0 at other
times.
Bit 0—Carry Flag (C): Set to 1 when a carry occurs, and cleared to 0 otherwise. Used by:
• Add instructions, to indicate a carry
• Subtract instructions, to indicate a borrow
• Shift and rotate instructions, to store the value shifted out of the end bit
The carry flag is also used as a bit accumulator by bit manipulation instructions.
Some instructions leave some or all of the flag bits unchanged. For the action of each instruction
on the flag bits, refer to Appendix A.1, Instruction List.
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Section 2 CPU
Operations can be performed on the CCR bits by the LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC
instructions. The N, Z, V, and C flags are used as branching conditions for conditional branch
(Bcc) instructions.
2.4.4
Initial Register Values
Reset exception handling loads the CPU's program counter (PC) from the vector table, clears the
trace bit in EXR to 0, and sets the interrupt mask bits in CCR and EXR to 1. The other CCR bits
and the general registers are not initialized. In particular, the stack pointer (ER7) is not initialized.
The stack pointer should therefore be initialized by an MOV.L instruction executed immediately
after a reset.
2.5
Data Formats
The CPU can process 1-bit, 4-bit (BCD), 8-bit (byte), 16-bit (word), and 32-bit (longword) data.
Bit-manipulation instructions operate on 1-bit data by accessing bit n (n = 0, 1, 2, …, 7) of byte
operand data. The DAA and DAS decimal-adjust instructions treat byte data as two digits of 4-bit
BCD data.
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Section 2 CPU
2.5.1
General Register Data Formats
Figure 2.7 shows the data formats in general registers.
Data Type
Register Number
Data Format
1-bit data
RnH
7
0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Don’t care
Don’t care
7
0
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
1-bit data
4-bit BCD data
RnL
RnH
4 3
7
Upper
4-bit BCD data
0
Lower
Don’t care
RnL
Byte data
RnH
4 3
7
Upper
Don’t care
7
0
Lower
0
Don’t care
MSB
Byte data
LSB
RnL
7
0
Don’t care
MSB
LSB
Figure 2.7 General Register Data Formats
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Section 2 CPU
Data Type
Register Number
Word data
Rn
Word data
En
Data Format
15
0
MSB
15
LSB
0
MSB
LSB
Longword data
ERn
31
16 15
En
MSB
0
Rn
Legend:
ERn:
En:
Rn:
RnH:
RnL:
MSB:
LSB:
General register ER
General register E
General register R
General register RH
General register RL
Most significant bit
Least significant bit
Figure 2.7 General Register Data Formats (cont)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 46 of 1268
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LSB
Section 2 CPU
2.5.2
Memory Data Formats
Figure 2.8 shows the data formats in memory. The CPU can access word data and longword data
in memory, but word or longword data must begin at an even address. If an attempt is made to
access word or longword data at an odd address, no address error occurs but the least significant
bit of the address is regarded as 0, so the access starts at the preceding address. This also applies to
instruction fetches.
Data Type
Data Format
Address
7
0
1-bit data
Address L
Byte data
Address L MSB
Word data
7
6
5
4
2
1
0
LSB
Address 2M MSB
Address 2M + 1
Longword data
3
LSB
Address 2N MSB
Address 2N + 1
Address 2N + 2
Address 2N + 3
LSB
Figure 2.8 Memory Data Formats
When ER7 is used as an address register to access the stack, the operand size should be word size
or longword size.
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Section 2 CPU
2.6
Instruction Set
2.6.1
Overview
The H8S/2000 CPU has 65 types of instructions. The instructions are classified by function in
table 2.1.
Table 2.1
Instruction Classification
Function
Instructions
Size
Types
Data transfer
MOV
1
1
POP* , PUSH*
BWL
5
WL
LDM, STM
L
3
MOVFPE, MOVTPE*
B
ADD, SUB, CMP, NEG
BWL
ADDX, SUBX, DAA, DAS
B
INC, DEC
BWL
ADDS, SUBS
L
MULXU, DIVXU, MULXS, DIVXS
BW
EXTU, EXTS
4
TAS*
B
Logic operations
AND, OR, XOR, NOT
BWL
4
Shift
SHAL, SHAR, SHLL, SHLR, ROTL, ROTR, ROTXL, ROTXR
BWL
8
Bit manipulation
B
14
Branch
BSET, BCLR, BNOT, BTST, BLD, BILD, BST, BIST, BAND,
BIAND, BOR, BIOR, BXOR, BIXOR
2
Bcc* , JMP, BSR, JSR, RTS
—
5
System control
TRAPA, RTE, SLEEP, LDC, STC, ANDC, ORC, XORC, NOP —
9
Block data transfer
EEPMOV
1
Arithmetic
operations
19
WL
—
Total: 65
Legend:
B: Byte
W: Word
L: Longword
Notes: 1. POP.W Rn and PUSH.W Rn are identical to MOV.W @SP+, Rn and MOV.W Rn,
@-SP. POP.L ERn and PUSH.L ERn are identical to MOV.L @SP+, ERn and MOV.L
ERn, @-SP.
2. Bcc is the general name for conditional branch instructions.
3. Cannot be used in the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328 Group.
4. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
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Section 2 CPU
2.6.2
Instructions and Addressing Modes
Table 2.2 indicates the combinations of instructions and addressing modes that the H8S/2600 CPU
can use.
Table 2.2
Combinations of Instructions and Addressing Modes
@aa:16
@aa:24
@aa:32
BWL
BWL
BWL
B
BWL
—
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
WL
LDM, STM
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
L
MOVFPE,
MOVTPE*1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
B
—
—
—
—
—
—
ADD, CMP
BWL
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
WL
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ADDX, SUBX
B
B
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ADDS, SUBS
—
L
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
INC, DEC
—
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DAA, DAS
—
B
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MULXU,
DIVXU
—
BW
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MULXS,
DIVXS
—
BW
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
NEG
—
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
EXTU, EXTS
—
WL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
SUB
TAS*2
Logic
operations
AND, OR,
XOR
NOT
—
@aa:8
BWL
—
@@aa:8
@–ERn/@ERn+
BWL
—
MOV
@(d:16,PC)
@(d:32,ERn)
BWL
POP, PUSH
Instruction
@(d:8,PC)
@(d:16,ERn)
Arithmetic
operations
@ERn
Data
transfer
Rn
Function
#xx
Addressing Modes
—
—
B
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BWL
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Shift
—
BWL
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit manipulation
—
B
B
—
—
—
B
B
—
B
—
—
—
—
Branch
Bcc, BSR
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
JMP, JSR
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RTS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TRAPA
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RTE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
SLEEP
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
LDC
B
B
W
W
W
W
—
W
—
W
—
—
—
—
STC
—
B
W
W
W
W
—
W
—
W
—
—
—
—
ANDC,
ORC, XORC
B
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
System
control
NOP
Block data transfer
—
BW
Legend:
B: Byte
W: Word
L: Longword
Notes: 1. Cannot be used in the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328 Group.
2. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
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Section 2 CPU
2.6.3
Table of Instructions Classified by Function
Table 2.3 summarizes the instructions in each functional category. The notation used in table 2.3
is defined below.
Operation Notation
Rs
General register (destination)*
General register (source)*
Rn
General register*
ERn
General register (32-bit register)
(EAd)
Destination operand
(EAs)
Source operand
EXR
Extended control register
CCR
Condition-code register
N
N (negative) flag in CCR
Z
Z (zero) flag in CCR
V
V (overflow) flag in CCR
C
C (carry) flag in CCR
PC
Program counter
SP
Stack pointer
#IMM
Immediate data
disp
Displacement
+
Addition
–
Subtraction
×
Multiplication
÷
Division
∧
Logical AND
∨
Logical OR
⊕
Logical exclusive OR
→
Move
¬
NOT (logical complement)
:8/:16/:24/:32
8-, 16-, 24-, or 32-bit length
Rd
Note: * General registers include 8-bit registers (R0H to R7H, R0L to R7L), 16-bit registers (R0 to
R7, E0 to E7), and 32-bit registers (ER0 to ER7).
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Section 2 CPU
Table 2.3
Instructions Classified by Function
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Data transfer
MOV
B/W/L
(EAs) → Rd, Rs → (Ead)
Moves data between two general registers or between a
general register and memory, or moves immediate data
to a general register.
MOVFPE
B
Cannot be used in the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328
Group.
MOVTPE
B
Cannot be used in the H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328
Group.
POP
W/L
@SP+ → Rn
Pops a register from the stack. POP.W Rn is identical to
MOV.W @SP+, Rn. POP.L ERn is identical to MOV.L
@SP+, ERn.
PUSH
W/L
Rn → @–SP
Pushes a register onto the stack. PUSH.W Rn is
identical to MOV.W Rn, @–SP. PUSH.L ERn is identical
to MOV.L ERn, @–SP.
LDM
L
@SP+ → Rn (register list)
Pops two or more general registers from the stack.
STM
L
Rn (register list) → @–SP
Pushes two or more general registers onto the stack.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Arithmetic
operations
ADD
SUB
B/W/L
Rd ± Rs → Rd, Rd ± #IMM → Rd
Performs addition or subtraction on data in two general
registers, or on immediate data and data in a general
register. (Immediate byte data cannot be subtracted from
byte data in a general register. Use the SUBX or ADD
instruction.)
ADDX
SUBX
B
Rd ± Rs ± C → Rd, Rd ± #IMM ± C → Rd
Performs addition or subtraction with carry or borrow on
byte data in two general registers, or on immediate data
and data in a general register.
INC
DEC
B/W/L
Rd ± 1 → Rd, Rd ± 2 → Rd
Increments or decrements a general register by 1 or 2.
(Byte operands can be incremented or decremented by
1 only.)
ADDS
SUBS
L
Rd ± 1 → Rd, Rd ± 2 → Rd, Rd ± 4 → Rd
Adds or subtracts the value 1, 2, or 4 to or from data in a
32-bit register.
DAA
DAS
B
Rd decimal adjust → Rd
Decimal-adjusts an addition or subtraction result in a
general register by referring to the CCR to produce 4-bit
BCD data.
MULXU
B/W
Rd × Rs → Rd
Performs unsigned multiplication on data in two general
registers: either 8 bits × 8 bits → 16 bits or 16 bits ×
16 bits → 32 bits.
MULXS
B/W
Rd × Rs → Rd
Performs signed multiplication on data in two general
registers: either 8 bits × 8 bits → 16 bits or 16 bits ×
16 bits → 32 bits.
DIVXU
B/W
Rd ÷ Rs → Rd
Performs unsigned division on data in two general
registers: either 16 bits ÷ 8 bits → 8-bit quotient and 8-bit
remainder or 32 bits ÷ 16 bits → 16-bit quotient and 16bit remainder.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Arithmetic
operations
DIVXS
B/W
Rd ÷ Rs → Rd
Performs signed division on data in two general
registers: either 16 bits ÷ 8 bits → 8-bit quotient and 8-bit
remainder or 32 bits ÷ 16 bits → 16-bit quotient and 16bit remainder.
CMP
B/W/L
Rd – Rs, Rd – #IMM
Compares data in a general register with data in another
general register or with immediate data, and sets CCR
bits according to the result.
NEG
B/W/L
0 – Rd → Rd
Takes the two's complement (arithmetic complement) of
data in a general register.
EXTU
W/L
Rd (zero extension) → Rd
Extends the lower 8 bits of a 16-bit register to word size,
or the lower 16 bits of a 32-bit register to longword size,
by padding with zeros on the left.
EXTS
W/L
TAS
B
Rd (sign extension) → Rd
Extends the lower 8 bits of a 16-bit register to word size,
or the lower 16 bits of a 32-bit register to longword size,
by extending the sign bit.
2
@ERd – 0, 1 → (<bit 7> of @Erd)*
Tests memory contents, and sets the most significant bit
(bit 7) to 1.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Logic
operations
AND
B/W/L
Rd ∧ Rs → Rd, Rd ∧ #IMM → Rd
Performs a logical AND operation on a general register
and another general register or immediate data.
OR
B/W/L
Rd ∨ Rs → Rd, Rd ∨ #IMM → Rd
Performs a logical OR operation on a general register
and another general register or immediate data.
XOR
B/W/L
Rd ⊕ Rs → Rd, Rd ⊕ #IMM → Rd
Performs a logical exclusive OR operation on a general
register and another general register or immediate data.
NOT
B/W/L
¬ (Rd) → (Rd)
Takes the one's complement of general register
contents.
SHAL
SHAR
B/W/L
Rd (shift) → Rd
Performs an arithmetic shift on general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit shift is possible.
SHLL
SHLR
B/W/L
Rd (shift) → Rd
Performs a logical shift on general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit shift is possible.
ROTL
ROTR
B/W/L
Rd (rotate) → Rd
Rotates general register contents.
1-bit or 2-bit rotation is possible.
ROTXL
ROTXR
B/W/L
Rd (rotate) → Rd
Rotates general register contents through the carry flag.
1-bit or 2-bit rotation is possible.
Shift
operations
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Bitmanipulation
instructions
BSET
B
1 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Sets a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to 1. The bit number is specified by 3-bit
immediate data or the lower three bits of a general
register.
BCLR
B
0 → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Clears a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to 0. The bit number is specified by 3-bit
immediate data or the lower three bits of a general
register.
BNOT
B
¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Inverts a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand. The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate
data or the lower three bits of a general register.
BTST
B
¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → Z
Tests a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand and sets or clears the Z flag accordingly. The
bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data or the
lower three bits of a general register.
BAND
B
C ∧ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ANDs the carry flag with a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand and stores the result in the
carry flag.
BIAND
B
C ∧ ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ANDs the carry flag with the inverse of a specified bit in
a general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
BOR
B
C ∨ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ORs the carry flag with a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand and stores the result in the
carry flag.
BIOR
B
C ∨ ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
ORs the carry flag with the inverse of a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Bitmanipulation
instructions
BXOR
B
C ⊕ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Exclusive-ORs the carry flag with a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand and stores the
result in the carry flag.
BIXOR
B
C ⊕ ¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Exclusive-ORs the carry flag with the inverse of a
specified bit in a general register or memory operand
and stores the result in the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
BLD
B
(<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Transfers a specified bit in a general register or memory
operand to the carry flag.
BILD
B
¬ (<bit-No.> of <EAd>) → C
Transfers the inverse of a specified bit in a general
register or memory operand to the carry flag.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
BST
B
C → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Transfers the carry flag value to a specified bit in a
general register or memory operand.
BIST
B
¬ C → (<bit-No.> of <EAd>)
Transfers the inverse of the carry flag value to a
specified bit in a general register or memory operand.
The bit number is specified by 3-bit immediate data.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Branch
instructions
Bcc
—
Branches to a specified address if a specified condition
is true. The branching conditions are listed below.
Mnemonic
Description
Condition
BRA(BT)
Always (true)
Always
BRN(BF)
Never (false)
Never
BHI
High
C∨Z=0
BLS
Low or same
C∨Z=1
BCC(BHS)
Carry clear
(high or same)
C=0
BCS(BLO)
Carry set (low)
C=1
BNE
Not equal
Z=0
BEQ
Equal
Z=1
BVC
Overflow clear
V=0
BVS
Overflow set
V=1
BPL
Plus
N=0
BMI
Minus
N=1
BGE
Greater or equal
N⊕V=0
BLT
Less than
N⊕V=1
BGT
Greater than
Z∨(N ⊕ V) = 0
BLE
Less or equal
Z∨(N ⊕ V) = 1
JMP
—
Branches unconditionally to a specified address.
BSR
—
Branches to a subroutine at a specified address.
JSR
—
Branches to a subroutine at a specified address.
RTS
—
Returns from a subroutine.
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Section 2 CPU
Type
Instruction
System control TRAPA
instructions
RTE
1
Size*
Function
—
Starts trap-instruction exception handling.
—
Returns from an exception-handling routine.
SLEEP
—
Causes a transition to a power-down state.
LDC
B/W
(EAs) → CCR, (EAs) → EXR
Moves the source operand contents or immediate data
to CCR or EXR. Although CCR and EXR are 8-bit
registers, word-size transfers are performed between
them and memory. The upper 8 bits are valid.
STC
B/W
CCR → (EAd), EXR → (EAd)
Transfers CCR or EXR contents to a general register or
memory. Although CCR and EXR are 8-bit registers,
word-size transfers are performed between them and
memory. The upper 8 bits are valid.
ANDC
B
CCR ∧ #IMM → CCR, EXR ∧ #IMM → EXR
Logically ANDs the CCR or EXR contents with
immediate data.
ORC
B
CCR ∨ #IMM → CCR, EXR ∨ #IMM → EXR
Logically ORs the CCR or EXR contents with immediate
data.
XORC
B
CCR ⊕ #IMM → CCR, EXR ⊕ #IMM → EXR
Logically exclusive-ORs the CCR or EXR contents with
immediate data.
NOP
—
PC + 2 → PC
Only increments the program counter.
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Section 2 CPU
1
Type
Instruction
Size*
Function
Block data
transfer
instruction
EEPMOV.B
—
if R4L ≠ 0 then
Repeat @ER5+ → @ER6+
R4L–1 → R4L
Until R4L = 0
else next;
EEPMOV.W
—
if R4 ≠ 0 then
Repeat @ER5+ → @ER6+
R4–1 → R4
Until R4 = 0
else next;
Transfers a data block according to parameters set in
general registers R4L or R4, ER5, and ER6.
R4L or R4: size of block (bytes)
ER5: starting source address
ER6: starting destination address
Execution of the next instruction begins as soon as the
transfer is completed.
Notes: 1. Size refers to the operand size.
B: Byte
W: Word
L: Longword
2. Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction.
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Section 2 CPU
2.6.4
Basic Instruction Formats
The CPU instructions consist of 2-byte (1-word) units. An instruction consists of an operation
field (op field), a register field (r field), an effective address extension (EA field), and a condition
field (cc).
Figure 2.9 shows examples of instruction formats.
(1) Operation field only
op
NOP, RTS, etc.
(2) Operation field and register fields
op
rm
rn
ADD.B Rn, Rm, etc.
(3) Operation field, register fields, and effective address extension
op
rn
rm
MOV.B @(d:16, Rn), Rm, etc.
EA (disp)
(4) Operation field, effective address extension, and condition field
op
cc
EA (disp)
BRA d:16, etc
Figure 2.9 Instruction Formats (Examples)
(1) Operation Field: Indicates the function of the instruction, the addressing mode, and the
operation to be carried out on the operand. The operation field always includes the first four bits of
the instruction. Some instructions have two operation fields.
(2) Register Field: Specifies a general register. Address registers are specified by 3 bits, data
registers by 3 bits or 4 bits. Some instructions have two register fields. Some have no register
field.
(3) Effective Address Extension: Eight, 16, or 32 bits specifying immediate data, an absolute
address, or a displacement.
(4) Condition Field: Specifies the branching condition of Bcc instructions.
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Section 2 CPU
2.7
Addressing Modes and Effective Address Calculation
2.7.1
Addressing Mode
The CPU supports the eight addressing modes listed in table 2.4. Each instruction uses a subset of
these addressing modes. Arithmetic and logic instructions can use the register direct and
immediate modes. Data transfer instructions can use all addressing modes except program-counter
relative and memory indirect. Bit manipulation instructions use register direct, register indirect, or
absolute addressing mode to specify an operand, and register direct (BSET, BCLR, BNOT, and
BTST instructions) or immediate (3-bit) addressing mode to specify a bit number in the operand.
Table 2.4
Addressing Modes
No.
Addressing Mode
Symbol
1
Register direct
Rn
2
Register indirect
@ERn
3
Register indirect with displacement
@(d:16,ERn)/@(d:32,ERn)
4
Register indirect with post-increment
Register indirect with pre-decrement
@ERn+
@–ERn
5
Absolute address
@aa:8/@aa:16/@aa:24/@aa:32
6
Immediate
#xx:8/#xx:16/#xx:32
7
Program-counter relative
@(d:8,PC)/@(d:16,PC)
8
Memory indirect
@@aa:8
(1) Register Direct—Rn: The register field of the instruction specifies an 8-, 16-, or 32-bit
general register containing the operand. R0H to R7H and R0L to R7L can be specified as 8-bit
registers. R0 to R7 and E0 to E7 can be specified as 16-bit registers. ER0 to ER7 can be specified
as 32-bit registers.
(2) Register Indirect—@ERn: The register field of the instruction code specifies an address
register (ERn) which contains the address of the operand on memory. If the address is a program
instruction address, the lower 24 bits are valid and the upper 8 bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00).
(3) Register Indirect with Displacement—@(d:16, ERn) or @(d:32, ERn): A 16-bit or 32-bit
displacement contained in the instruction is added to an address register (ERn) specified by the
register field of the instruction, and the sum gives the address of a memory operand. A 16-bit
displacement is sign-extended when added.
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Section 2 CPU
(4) Register Indirect with Post-Increment or Pre-Decrement—@ERn+ or @-ERn:
• Register indirect with post-increment—@ERn+
The register field of the instruction code specifies an address register (ERn) which contains the
address of a memory operand. After the operand is accessed, 1, 2, or 4 is added to the address
register contents and the sum is stored in the address register. The value added is 1 for byte
access, 2 for word transfer instruction, or 4 for longword transfer instruction. For word or
longword transfer instruction, the register value should be even.
• Register indirect with pre-decrement—@-ERn
The value 1, 2, or 4 is subtracted from an address register (ERn) specified by the register field
in the instruction code, and the result becomes the address of a memory operand. The result is
also stored in the address register. The value subtracted is 1 for byte access, 2 for word transfer
instruction, or 4 for longword transfer instruction. For word or longword transfer instruction,
the register value should be even.
(5) Absolute Address—@aa:8, @aa:16, @aa:24, or @aa:32: The instruction code contains the
absolute address of a memory operand. The absolute address may be 8 bits long (@aa:8), 16 bits
long (@aa:16), 24 bits long (@aa:24), or 32 bits long (@aa:32).
To access data, the absolute address should be 8 bits (@aa:8), 16 bits (@aa:16), or 32 bits
(@aa:32) long. For an 8-bit absolute address, the upper 24 bits are all assumed to be 1 (H'FFFF).
For a 16-bit absolute address the upper 16 bits are a sign extension. A 32-bit absolute address can
access the entire address space.
A 24-bit absolute address (@aa:24) indicates the address of a program instruction. The upper 8
bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00).
Table 2.5 indicates the accessible absolute address ranges.
Table 2.5
Absolute Address Access Ranges
Absolute Address
Data address
Program instruction address
Advanced Mode
8 bits (@aa:8)
H'FFFF00 to H'FFFFFF
16 bits (@aa:16)
H'000000 to H'007FFF,
H'FF8000 to H'FFFFFF
32 bits (@aa:32)
H'000000 to H'FFFFFF
24 bits (@aa:24)
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Section 2 CPU
(6) Immediate—#xx:8, #xx:16, or #xx:32: The instruction contains 8-bit (#xx:8), 16-bit
(#xx:16), or 32-bit (#xx:32) immediate data as an operand.
The ADDS, SUBS, INC, and DEC instructions contain immediate data implicitly. Some bit
manipulation instructions contain 3-bit immediate data in the instruction code, specifying a bit
number. The TRAPA instruction contains 2-bit immediate data in its instruction code, specifying a
vector address.
(7) Program-Counter Relative—@(d:8, PC) or @(d:16, PC): This mode is used in the Bcc and
BSR instructions. An 8-bit or 16-bit displacement contained in the instruction is sign-extended and
added to the 24-bit PC contents to generate a branch address. Only the lower 24 bits of this branch
address are valid; the upper 8 bits are all assumed to be 0 (H'00). The PC value to which the
displacement is added is the address of the first byte of the next instruction, so the possible
branching range is –126 to +128 bytes (–63 to +64 words) or –32766 to +32768 bytes (–16383 to
+16384 words) from the branch instruction. The resulting value should be an even number.
(8) Memory Indirect—@@aa:8: This mode can be used by the JMP and JSR instructions. The
instruction code contains an 8-bit absolute address specifying a memory operand. This memory
operand contains a branch address. The upper bits of the absolute address are all assumed to be 0,
so the address range is 0 to 255 (H'000000 to H'0000FF).
In advanced mode the memory operand is a long word operand, the first byte of which is assumed
to be all 0 (H'00).
Note that the first part of the address range is also the exception vector area. For further details,
refer to section 4, Exception Handling.
Specified
by @aa:8
Reserved
Branch address
Advanced Mode
Figure 2.10 Branch Address Specification in Memory Indirect Mode
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Section 2 CPU
If an odd address is specified in word or longword memory access, or as a branch address, the
least significant bit is regarded as 0, causing data to be accessed or instruction code to be fetched
at the address preceding the specified address. (For further information, see section 2.5.2, Memory
Data Formats.)
2.7.2
Effective Address Calculation
Table 2.6 indicates how effective addresses are calculated in each addressing mode.
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4
3
rm
rn
r
r
disp
•
r
op
r
Register indirect with pre-decrement @-DERn
op
Register indirect with post-increment or
pre-decrement
• Register indirect with post-increment @ERn+
op
Register indirect with displacement
@(d:16, ERn) or @(d:32, ERn)
op
Register indirect (@ERn)
op
Register direct (Rn)
Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
disp
1
2
4
0
1, 2, or 4
General register contents
Byte
Word
Longword
0
0
0
0
1, 2, or 4
General register contents
Sign extension
General register contents
General register contents
Operand Size Value added
31
31
31
31
31
Effective Address Calculation
24 23
24 23
24 23
24 23
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Operand is general register contents.
Effective Address (EA)
0
0
0
0
Table 2.6
2
1
No.
Section 2 CPU
Effective Address Calculation
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6
op
op
abs
abs
abs
op
IMM
Immediate #xx:8/#xx:16/#xx:32
@aa:32
op
@aa:24
@aa:16
op
abs
Absolute address
5
@aa:8
Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
No.
Effective Address Calculation
24 23
24 23
24 23
24 23
87
16 15
Sign extension
H'FFFF
Operand is immediate data.
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Don't care
31
Effective Address (EA)
0
0
0
0
Section 2 CPU
8
7
No.
op
abs
• Advanced mode
Memory indirect @@aa:8
op
@(d:8, PC)/@(d:16, PC)
Program-counter relative
disp
Addressing Mode and Instruction Format
31
31
Memory contents
H'000000
87
disp
PC contents
Sign
extension
23
23
abs
Effective Address Calculation
0
0
0
0
24 23
24 23
Don’t care
31
Don’t care
31
Effective Address (EA)
0
0
Section 2 CPU
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Section 2 CPU
2.8
Processing States
2.8.1
Overview
The CPU has five main processing states: the reset state, exception handling state, program
execution state, bus-released state, and power-down state. Figure 2.11 shows a diagram of the
processing states. Figure 2.12 indicates the state transitions.
Reset state
The CPU and all on-chip supporting modules have been
initialized and are stopped.
Exception-handling
state
A transient state in which the CPU changes the normal
processing flow in response to a reset, interrupt, or trap
instruction.
Processing
states
Program execution
state
The CPU executes program instructions in sequence.
Bus-released state
The external bus has been released in response to a bus
request signal from a bus master other than the CPU.
Sleep mode
Power-down state
CPU operation is stopped
to conserve power.*
Software standby
mode
Hardware standby
mode
Note: * The power-down state also includes a medium-speed mode, module stop mode etc.
Figure 2.11 Processing States
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Section 2 CPU
End of bus request
Bus request
Program execution
state
End of bus
request
Bus
request
SLEEP
instruction
with
SSBY = 1
Bus-released state
End of
exception
handling
SLEEP
instruction
with
SSBY = 0
Request for
exception
handling
Sleep mode
Interrupt
request
Exception-handling state
External interrupt
Software standby mode
RES = high
Reset state*1
STBY = high, RES = low
Hardware standby mode*2
Power-down state
Notes: 1. From any state except hardware standby mode, a transition to the reset state occurs whenever RES
goes low. A transition can also be made to the reset state when the watchdog timer overflows.
2. From any state, a transition to hardware standby mode occurs when STBY goes low.
Figure 2.12 State Transitions
2.8.2
Reset State
When the RES input goes low all current processing stops and the CPU enters the reset state. All
interrupts are masked in the reset state. Reset exception handling starts when the RES signal
changes from low to high.
The reset state can also be entered by a watchdog timer overflow. For details, refer to section 13,
Watchdog Timer.
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Section 2 CPU
2.8.3
Exception-Handling State
The exception-handling state is a transient state that occurs when the CPU alters the normal
processing flow due to a reset, interrupt, or trap instruction. The CPU fetches a start address
(vector) from the exception vector table and branches to that address.
(1) Types of Exception Handling and Their Priority
Exception handling is performed for traces, resets, interrupts, and trap instructions. Table 2.7
indicates the types of exception handling and their priority. Trap instruction exception handling is
always accepted, in the program execution state.
Exception handling and the stack structure depend on the interrupt control mode set in SYSCR.
Table 2.7
Exception Handling Types and Priority
Priority
Type of Exception
Detection Timing
Start of Exception Handling
High
Reset
Synchronized with clock
Exception handling starts
immediately after a low-to-high
transition at the RES pin, or
when the watchdog timer
overflows
Trace
End of instruction
execution or end of
exception-handling
1
sequence*
When the trace (T) bit is set to
1, the trace starts at the end of
the current instruction or current
exception-handling sequence
Interrupt
End of instruction
execution or end of
exception-handling
2
sequence*
When an interrupt is requested,
exception handling starts at the
end of the current instruction or
current exception-handling
sequence
Trap instruction
When TRAPA instruction
is executed
Exception handling starts when
a trap (TRAPA) instruction is
3
executed*
Low
Notes: 1. Traces are enabled only in interrupt control mode 2. Trace exception-handling is not
executed at the end of the RTE instruction.
2. Interrupts are not detected at the end of the ANDC, ORC, XORC, and LDC instructions,
or immediately after reset exception handling.
3. Trap instruction exception handling is always accepted, in the program execution state.
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Section 2 CPU
(2) Reset Exception Handling
After the RES pin has gone low and the reset state has been entered, when RES goes high again,
reset exception handling starts. When reset exception handling starts the CPU fetches a start
address (vector) from the exception vector table and starts program execution from that address.
All interrupts, including NMI, are disabled during reset exception handling and after it ends.
(3) Traces
Traces are enabled only in interrupt control mode 2. Trace mode is entered when the T bit of EXR
is set to 1. When trace mode is established, trace exception handling starts at the end of each
instruction.
At the end of a trace exception-handling sequence, the T bit of EXR is cleared to 0 and trace mode
is cleared. Interrupt masks are not affected.
The T bit saved on the stack retains its value of 1, and when the RTE instruction is executed to
return from the trace exception-handling routine, trace mode is entered again. Trace exceptionhandling is not executed at the end of the RTE instruction.
Trace mode is not entered in interrupt control mode 0, regardless of the state of the T bit.
(4) Interrupt Exception Handling and Trap Instruction Exception Handling
When interrupt or trap-instruction exception handling begins, the CPU references the stack pointer
(ER7) and pushes the program counter and other control registers onto the stack. Next, the CPU
alters the settings of the interrupt mask bits in the control registers. Then the CPU fetches a start
address (vector) from the exception vector table and program execution starts from that start
address.
Figure 2.13 shows the stack after exception handling ends.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 71 of 1268
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Section 2 CPU
Advanced mode
SP
SP
EXR
Reserved*
CCR
CCR
PC
(24 bits)
PC
(24 bits)
(c) Interrupt control mode 0
(d) Interrupt control mode 2
Note: * Ignored when returning.
Figure 2.13 Stack Structure after Exception Handling (Examples)
2.8.4
Program Execution State
In this state the CPU executes program instructions in sequence.
2.8.5
Bus-Released State
This is a state in which the bus has been released in response to a bus request from a bus master
other than the CPU. While the bus is released, the CPU halts.
There is one other bus master in addition to the CPU: the DMA controller (DMAC)* and data
transfer controller (DTC).
For further details, refer to section 6, Bus Controller.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 2 CPU
2.8.6
Power-Down State
The power-down state includes both modes in which the CPU stops operating and modes in which
the CPU does not stop. There are three modes in which the CPU stops operating: sleep mode,
software standby mode, and hardware standby mode. There are also two other power-down
modes: medium-speed mode, and module stop mode. In medium-speed mode the CPU and other
bus masters operate on a medium-speed clock. Module stop mode permits halting of the operation
of individual modules, other than the CPU. For details, refer to section 21, Power-Down Modes.
(1) Sleep Mode: A transition to sleep mode is made if the SLEEP instruction is executed while
the software standby bit (SSBY) in the standby control register (SBYCR) is cleared to 0. In sleep
mode, CPU operations stop immediately after execution of the SLEEP instruction. The contents of
CPU registers are retained.
(2) Software Standby Mode: A transition to software standby mode is made if the SLEEP
instruction is executed while the SSBY bit in SBYCR is set to 1. In software standby mode, the
CPU and clock halt and all MCU operations stop. As long as a specified voltage is supplied, the
contents of CPU registers and on-chip RAM are retained. The I/O ports also remain in their
existing states.
(3) Hardware Standby Mode: A transition to hardware standby mode is made when the STBY
pin goes low. In hardware standby mode, the CPU and clock halt and all MCU operations stop.
The on-chip supporting modules are reset, but as long as a specified voltage is supplied, on-chip
RAM contents are retained.
2.9
Basic Timing
2.9.1
Overview
The CPU is driven by a system clock, denoted by the symbol φ. The period from one rising edge
of φ to the next is referred to as a "state." The memory cycle or bus cycle consists of one, two, or
three states. Different methods are used to access on-chip memory, on-chip supporting modules,
and the external address space.
2.9.2
On-Chip Memory (ROM, RAM)
On-chip memory is accessed in one state. The data bus is 16 bits wide, permitting both byte and
word transfer instruction. Figure 2.14 shows the on-chip memory access cycle. Figure 2.15 shows
the pin states.
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Section 2 CPU
Bus cycle
T1
φ
Internal address bus
Address
Internal read signal
Read
access
Internal data bus
Read data
Internal write signal
Write
access
Internal data bus
Write data
Figure 2.14 On-Chip Memory Access Cycle
Bus cycle
T1
φ
Address bus
Unchanged
AS
High
RD
High
HWR, LWR
High
Data bus
High-impedance state
Figure 2.15 Pin States during On-Chip Memory Access
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Section 2 CPU
2.9.3
On-Chip Supporting Module Access Timing
The on-chip supporting modules are accessed in two states. The data bus is either 8 bits or 16 bits
wide, depending on the particular internal I/O register being accessed. Figure 2.16 shows the
access timing for the on-chip supporting modules. Figure 2.17 shows the pin states.
Bus cycle
T2
T1
φ
Internal address bus
Address
Internal read signal
Read
access
Internal data bus
Read data
Internal write signal
Write
access
Internal data bus
Write data
Figure 2.16 On-Chip Supporting Module Access Cycle
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Section 2 CPU
Bus cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address bus
Unchanged
AS
High
RD
High
HWR, LWR
High
Data bus
High-impedance state
Figure 2.17 Pin States during On-Chip Supporting Module Access
2.9.4
External Address Space Access Timing
The external address space is accessed with an 8-bit or 16-bit data bus width in a two-state or
three-state bus cycle. In three-state access, wait states can be inserted. For further details, refer to
section 6, Bus Controller.
2.10
Usage Note
2.10.1
TAS Instruction
Only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or ER5 should be used when using the TAS instruction. The TAS
instruction is not generated by the Renesas H8S and H8/300 Series C/C++ compilers. If the TAS
instruction is used as a user-defined intrinsic function, ensure that only register ER0, ER1, ER4, or
ER5 is used.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
3.1
Overview
3.1.1
Operating Mode Selection (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT)
The H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT have eight operating modes (modes 4 to 7, 10,
11, 14 and 15). These modes are determined by the mode pin (MD2 to MD0) and flash write enable
pin (FWE) settings. The CPU operating mode and initial bus width can be selected as shown in
table 3.1.
Table 3.1 lists the MCU operating modes.
Table 3.1
MCU Operating Mode Selection (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT)
External Data
Bus
MCU
CPU
Operating
Operating
Mode
FWE MD2 MD1 MD0 Mode
Description
On-Chip Initial
ROM
Value
Max
Value
1
—
—
0
0
2
0
1
1
0
3
1
0
5
1
0
0
0
7
0
—
—
Disabled 16 bits 16 bits
8 bits
16 bits
Expanded mode with on- Enabled 8 bits
chip ROM enabled
16 bits
Single-chip mode
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
10
1
11
0
Advanced Boot mode
Enabled 8 bits
1
1
0
13
15
Advanced Expanded mode with
on-chip ROM disabled
1
1
9
14
0
1
6
12
—
1
4
8
—
0
—
—
—
16 bits
—
—
—
—
1
1
0
1
Advanced User program mode
Enabled 8 bits
—
16 bits
—
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
The CPU's architecture allows for 4 Gbytes of address space, but the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and
H8S/2326 F-ZTAT actually accesses a maximum of 16 Mbytes.
Modes 4 to 6 are externally expanded modes that allow access to external memory and peripheral
devices.
The external expansion modes allow switching between 8-bit and 16-bit bus modes. After
program execution starts, an 8-bit or 16-bit address space can be set for each area, depending on
the bus controller setting. If 16-bit access is selected for any one area, 16-bit bus mode is set; if 8bit access is selected for all areas, 8-bit bus mode is set. Note that the functions of each pin depend
on the operating mode.
Modes 10, 11, 14, and 15 are boot modes and user program modes in which the flash memory can
be programmed and erased. For details, see section 19, ROM.
The H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT can only be used in modes 4 to 7, 10, 11, 14,
and 15. This means that the flash write enable pin and mode pins must be set to select one of these
modes.
Do not change the inputs at the mode pins during operation.
3.1.2
Operating Mode Selection (Mask ROM and ROMless Versions, H8S/2329B
F-ZTAT)
The ROMless and mask ROM versions have four operating modes (modes 4 to 7). H8S/2329B
F-ZTAT has six operating modes (modes 2 to 7). The operating mode is determined by the mode
pins (MD2 to MD0). The CPU operating mode, enabling or disabling of on-chip ROM, and the
initial bus width setting can be selected as shown in table 3.2.
Table 3.2 lists the MCU operating modes.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Table 3.2
MCU Operating Mode Selection (Mask ROM and ROMless Versions,
H8S/2329B F-ZTAT)
External Data Bus
MCU
CPU
Operating
Operating
MD2 MD1 MD0 Mode
Description
Mode
On-Chip Initial
ROM
Value
Max.
Value
1
—
—
0
1
2*
0
1
1
0
1
3*
2
4*
1
0
2
7
—
—
1
5*
6
—
0
1
1
Advanced Expanded mode with
Disabled 16 bits
on-chip ROM disabled
8 bits
0
Expanded mode with
on-chip ROM enabled
1
Single-chip mode
Enabled 8 bits
—
16 bits
16 bits
16 bits
—
Notes: 1. Boot mode in the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
See table 19.9, for information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user boot modes. See table
19.9, for information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user program modes.
2. The ROMless versions can use only modes 4 and 5.
The CPU's architecture allows for 4 Gbytes of address space, but the mask ROM and ROMless
versions, and H8S/2329B F-ZTAT actually access a maximum of 16 Mbytes.
Modes 4 to 6 are externally expanded modes that allow access to external memory and peripheral
devices.
The external expansion modes allow switching between 8-bit and 16-bit bus modes. After
program execution starts, an 8-bit or 16-bit address space can be set for each area, depending on
the bus controller setting. If 16-bit access is selected for any one area, 16-bit bus mode is set; if 8bit access is selected for all areas, 8-bit bus mode is set. Note that the functions of each pin depend
on the operating mode.
The ROMless and mask ROM versions can only be used in modes 4 to 7. This means that the
mode pins must be set to select one of these modes. However, note that only mode 4 or 5 can be
set for the ROMless version.
H8S/2329B F-ZTAT can only be used in modes 2 to 7. This means that the mode pins must be set
to select one of these modes.
Do not change the inputs at the mode pins during operation.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
3.1.3
Register Configuration
The H8S/2329 Group and H8S/2328 Group have a mode control register (MDCR) that indicates
the inputs at the mode pins (MD2 to MD0), and a system control register (SYSCR) and a system
control register 2 (SYSCR2)*2 that control the operation of the chip. Table 3.3 summarizes these
registers.
Table 3.3
Registers
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Mode control register
MDCR
R
Undefined
H'FF3B
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
2
System control register 2*
SYSCR2
R/W
H'00
H'FF42
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. The SYSCR2 register can only be used in the F-ZTAT versions. In the mask ROM and
ROMless versions this register will return an undefined value if read, and cannot be
modified.
3.2
Register Descriptions
3.2.1
Mode Control Register (MDCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
1
0
0
0
0
MDS2
—*
MDS1
—*
MDS0
—*
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
R
R
R
:
Note: * Determined by pins MD2 to MD0.
MDCR is an 8-bit read-only register that indicates the current operating mode of the H8S/2329
Group and H8S/2328 Group chip.
Bit 7—Reserved: This bit is always read as 1, and cannot be modified.
Bits 6 to 3—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
Bits 2 to 0—Mode Select 2 to 0 (MDS2 to MDS0): These bits indicate the input levels at pins
MD2 to MD0 (the current operating mode). Bits MDS2 to MDS0 correspond to pins MD2 to MD0.
MDS2 to MDS0 are read-only bits, and cannot be written to. The mode pin (MD2 to MD0) input
levels are latched into these bits when MDCR is read. These latches are canceled by a reset.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
3.2.2
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
:
2
1
0
LWROD IRQPAS
RAME
Bit 7—Reserved: Only 0 should be written to this bit.
Bit 6—Reserved: This bit is always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
Bits 5 and 4—Interrupt Control Mode 1 and 0 (INTM1, INTM0): These bits select the control
mode of the interrupt controller. For details of the interrupt control modes, see section 5.4.1,
Interrupt Control Modes and Interrupt Operation.
Bit 5
INTM1
Bit 4
INTM0
Interrupt Control
Mode
Description
0
0
0
Control of interrupts by I bit
1
—
Setting prohibited
0
2
Control of interrupts by I2 to I0 bits and IPR
1
—
Setting prohibited
1
(Initial value)
Bit 3—NMI Edge Select (NMIEG): Selects the valid edge of the NMI interrupt input.
Bit 3
NMIEG
Description
0
An interrupt is requested at the falling edge of NMI input
1
An interrupt is requested at the rising edge of NMI input
(Initial value)
Bit 2—LWR Output Disable (LWROD): Enables or disables LWR output.
Bit 2
LWROD
Description
0
PF3 is designated as LWR output pin
1
PF3 is designated as I/O port, and does not function as LWR output pin
(Initial value)
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Bit 1—IRQ Port Switching Select (IRQPAS): Selects switching of input pins for IRQ4 to IRQ7.
IRQ4 to IRQ7 input is always performed from one of the ports.
Bit 1
IRQPAS
Description
0
PA4 to PA7 are used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
1
P50 to P53 are used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
(Initial value)
Bit 0—RAM Enable (RAME): Enables or disables the on-chip RAM. The RAME bit is
initialized when the reset state is released. It is not initialized in software standby mode.
Bit 0
RAME
Description
0
On-chip RAM is disabled
1
On-chip RAM is enabled
3.2.3
Bit
(Initial value)
System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2) (F-ZTAT Version Only)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
FLSHE
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
—
—
— (R/W)*
:
Note: * R/W in the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
SYSCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs on-chip flash memory control.
SYSCR2 is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
Bit 3—Flash Memory Control Register Enable (FLSHE): Controls CPU access to the flash
memory control registers (FLMCR1, FLMCR2, EBR1, and EBR2). For details, see section 19,
ROM.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Bit 3
FLSHE
Description
0
Flash control registers are not selected for addresses H'FFFFC8 to H'FFFFCB
(Initial value)
1
Flash control registers are not selected for addresses H'FFFFC8 to H'FFFFCB
Bits 2 and 1—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0. Only 0 should be written to these bits.
Bit 0—Reserved: In the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT, this bit is always read as 0
and should only be written with 0. In the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT, this bit is reserved and should only
be written with 0.
3.3
Operating Mode Descriptions
3.3.1
Mode 1
The H8S/2329 does not support mode 1. Do not select the mode 1 setting.
3.3.2
Mode 2 (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory boot mode. See section 19, ROM, for details. This is the same as advanced
on-chip ROM enabled expansion mode, except when erasing and reprogramming flash memory.
3.3.3
Mode 3 (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory boot mode. See section 19, ROM, for details. This is the same as advanced
single-chip ROM mode, except when erasing and reprogramming flash memory.
3.3.4
Mode 4 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Disabled)
The CPU can access a 16-Mbyte address space in advanced mode. The on-chip ROM is disabled.
Ports A, B, and C function as an address bus, port D functions as a data bus, and part of port F
carries bus control signals.
The initial bus mode after a reset is 16 bits, with 16-bit access to all areas. However, note that if 8bit access is designated by the bus controller for all areas, the bus mode switches to 8 bits.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 83 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
3.3.5
Mode 5 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Disabled)
The CPU can access a 16-Mbyte address space in advanced mode. The on-chip ROM is disabled.
Ports A, B, and C function as an address bus, port D functions as a data bus, and part of port F
carries bus control signals.
The initial bus mode after a reset is 8 bits, with 8-bit access to all areas. However, note that if at
least one area is designated for 16-bit access by the bus controller, the bus mode switches to 16
bits and port E becomes a data bus.
3.3.6
Mode 6 (Expanded Mode with On-Chip ROM Enabled)
The CPU can access a 16-Mbyte address space in advanced mode. The on-chip ROM is enabled.
Ports A, B, and C function as input ports immediately after a reset. These pins can be set to output
addresses by setting the corresponding bits to 1 in pin function control register 1 (PFCR1) in the
case of ports A and B, or in the data direction register (DDR) for port C. Port D functions as a data
bus, and part of port F carries bus control signals.
The initial bus mode after a reset is 8 bits, with 8-bit access to all areas. However, note that if at
least one area is designated for 16-bit access by the bus controller, the bus mode switches to 16
bits and port E becomes a data bus.
3.3.7
Mode 7 (Single-Chip Mode)
The CPU can access a 16-Mbyte address space in advanced mode. The on-chip ROM is enabled,
but external addresses cannot be accessed.
All I/O ports are available for use as input/output ports.
3.3.8
Modes 8 and 9 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)
Modes 8 and 9 are not supported and must not be set.
3.3.9
Mode 10 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory boot mode. For details, see section 19, ROM.
Except for the fact that flash memory programming and erasing can be performed, operation in
this mode is the same as in advanced expanded mode with on-chip ROM enabled.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
3.3.10
Mode 11 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory boot mode. For details, see section 19, ROM.
Except for the fact that flash memory programming and erasing can be performed, operation in
this mode is the same as in advanced single-chip mode.
3.3.11
Modes 12 and 13
Modes 12 and 13 are not supported and must not be set.
3.3.12
Mode 14 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory user program mode. For details, see section 19, ROM.
Except for the fact that flash memory programming and erasing can be performed, operation in
this mode is the same as in advanced expanded mode with on-chip ROM enabled.
3.3.13
Mode 15 (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Only)
This is a flash memory user program mode. For details, see section 19, ROM.
Except for the fact that flash memory programming and erasing can be performed, operation in
this mode is the same as in advanced single-chip mode.
3.4
Pin Functions in Each Operating Mode
The pin functions of ports A to F vary depending on the operating mode. Table 3.4 shows their
functions in each operating mode.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Table 3.4
Pin Functions in Each Mode
Mode
4
2*
Port
Port A
1
PA7 to P* /A
PA5
Mode
4
3*
Mode
4
Mode
5
Mode
2
6*
P
P* /A
1
P* /A
1
A
A
PA4 to
PA0
1
Port B
Port C
Port D
Port E
Port F
PF7
Mode
3
10*
P* /A
1
P
1
P
P
P* /A
1
P* /A
P
A
A
P
A
A
P* /A
1
P* /A
D
1
P* /D
P
D
P
1
P/D*
D
1
P* /D
D
1
P* /D
1
P/C*
1
P* /C
1
P/C*
1
P/C*
1
P/C*
P
PF6
PF5 to C
PF4
1
P
P
1
P* /C
Mode
3
11*
Mode
3
14*
P* /A
1
P
P* /A
1
P
P* /A
1
P* /A
1
P
P* /A
1
P* /A
1
P
D
1
P* /D
P
D
1
P* /D
P
1
P/C*
P
C
P/C*
1
PF2 to P* /C
PF0
PF3
Mode
2
7*
C
1
P/C*
1
P* /C
C
1
P/C*
1
P* /C
1
P
1
P* /C
1
P/C*
P
C
P/C*
1
P* /C
P
Mode
3
15*
P
P
1
P* /C
P
C
1
P/C*
1
P* /C
1
P/C*
1
P* /C
Legend:
P: I/O port
A: Address bus output
D: Data bus I/O
C: Control signals, clock I/O
Notes: 1. After reset.
2. Setting is prohibited in the ROMless versions.
3. Setting prohibited except in case of the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT and H8S/2326 F-ZTAT.
4. Valid only in the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
3.5
Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Figures 3.1 to 3.9 show memory maps for each of the operating modes.
The address space is 16 Mbytes.
The address space is divided into eight areas.
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Mode 2 Boot Mode
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 3 Boot Mode
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
H'060000
Reseved area*4
H'080000
External address
space
H'FF7400
Reseved area*4
H'FF7C00
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *5
H'060000
H'07FFFF
Reseved area*4
H'FF7400
Reseved area*4
H'FF7C00
On-chip RAM*3
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
On-chip RAM is used for flash memory programming. Do not clear the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Access to the reserved areas H'060000 to H'07FFFF and H'FF7400 to H'FF7BFF is prohibited.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.1 (a) H8S/2329B Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
Mode 6
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 7
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
H'080000
H'FF7400
Reseved area*4
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
External address
space
H'060000
H'060000
Reseved area*4
External address
space
H'080000
External address
space
Reseved area*4
H'FF7400
Reseved area*4
H'FF7C00
On-chip ROM
H'FF7C00
On-chip RAM*3
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *5
H'060000
H'07FFFF
Reseved area*4
H'FF7400
Reseved area*4
H'FF7C00
On-chip RAM*3
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Access to the reserved areas H'060000 to H'07FFFF and H'FF7400 to H'FF7BFF is prohibited.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.1 (b) H8S/2329B Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 88 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
Mode 6
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 7
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
External address
space
H'010000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'03FFFF
H'040000
H'FFDC00
External address
space
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.2 (a) H8S/2328 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 89 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Mode 10 Boot Mode
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 11 Boot Mode
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
On-chip ROM
H'010000
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'03FFFF
H'040000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM*3
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
On-chip RAM is used for flash memory programming. Do not clear the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.2 (b) H8S/2328 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode (F-ZTAT Only)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 90 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Mode 14 User Program Mode
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
Mode 15 User Program Mode
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
H'000000
On-chip ROM
On-chip ROM
H'010000
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'03FFFF
H'040000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM*3
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
On-chip RAM is used for flash memory programming. Do not clear the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.2 (c) H8S/2328 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode (F-ZTAT Only)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 91 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
Mode 6
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 7
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
External address
space
H'010000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
Reserved area*5/
on-chip ROM*3
External address
space/on-chip
ROM*1
H'020000
H'020000
External address
space/reserved
area*2 *5
Reserved area*5
H'03FFFF
H'040000
H'FFDC00
External address
space
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*4
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*4
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; reserved area when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.3 H8S/2327 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 92 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
Mode 6
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 7
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
External address
space
H'010000
On-chip ROM
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'07FFFF
H'080000
H'FFDC00
External address
space
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.4 (a) H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 93 of 1268
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Mode 10 Boot Mode
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 11 Boot Mode
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
On-chip ROM
H'010000
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'07FFFF
H'080000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM*3
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
On-chip RAM is used for flash memory programming. Do not clear the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.4 (b) H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Mode 14 User Program Mode
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
Mode 15 User Program Mode
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
H'000000
On-chip ROM
On-chip ROM
H'010000
H'010000
On-chip ROM/
external address
space*1
On-chip ROM/
reserved area*2 *4
H'07FFFF
H'080000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*3
On-chip RAM*3
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
Reserved area when EAE = 1 in BCRL; on-chip ROM when EAE = 0.
On-chip RAM is used for flash memory programming. Do not clear the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.4 (c) H8S/2326 F-ZTAT Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
External address
space
H'FF7C00
On-chip RAM*
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Note: * External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Figure 3.5 H8S/2324S Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
Mode 6
(advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled)
H'000000
Mode 7
(advanced single-chip
mode)
H'000000
On-chip ROM
H'008000
On-chip ROM
H'008000
Reserved area*3
External address
space
H'010000
Reserved area*3
H'010000
External address
space/reserved
area*1 *3
Reserved area*3
H'03FFFF
H'040000
H'FFDC00
External address
space
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*2
H'FFDC00
On-chip
RAM*2
On-chip RAM
H'FFFBFF
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
H'FFFC00
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF08
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
External address
space
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFE50
H'FFFF07
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF28
H'FFFFFF
Internal
I/O registers
Notes: 1. External addresses when EAE = 1 in BCRL; reserved area when EAE = 0.
2. External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
3. Do not access a reserved area.
Figure 3.6 H8S/2323 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
On-chip RAM*
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Note: * External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Figure 3.7 H8S/2322R Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
Modes 4 and 5
(advanced expanded modes
with on-chip ROM disabled)
H'000000
External address
space
H'FFDC00
H'FFEC00
Reserved area
On-chip RAM*
H'FFFC00 External address
space
H'FFFE50
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFF08 External address
space
H'FFFF28
Internal
I/O registers
H'FFFFFF
Note: * External addresses can be accessed by clearing the RAME bit in SYSCR to 0.
Figure 3.8 H8S/2320 and H8S/2321 Memory Map in Each Operating Mode
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Section 3 MCU Operating Modes
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Section 4 Exception Handling
Section 4 Exception Handling
4.1
Overview
4.1.1
Exception Handling Types and Priority
As table 4.1 indicates, exception handling may be caused by a reset, trap instruction, or interrupt.
Exception handling is prioritized as shown in table 4.1. If two or more exceptions occur
simultaneously, they are accepted and processed in order of priority. Trap instruction exceptions
are accepted at all times in the program execution state.
Exception handling sources, the stack structure, and the operation of the CPU vary depending on
the interrupt control mode set by the INTM0 and INTM1 bits of SYSCR.
Table 4.1
Exception Types and Priority
Priority
Exception Type
Start of Exception Handling
High
Reset
Starts immediately after a low-to-high transition at the
RES pin, or when the watchdog timer overflows.
1
Low
Trace*
Starts when execution of the current instruction or
exception handling ends, if the trace (T) bit is set to 1
Interrupt
Starts when execution of the current instruction or
exception handling ends, if an interrupt request has been
2
issued*
3
Trap instruction (TRAPA) *
Started by execution of a trap instruction (TRAPA)
Notes: 1. Traces are enabled only in interrupt control mode 2. Trace exception handling is not
executed after execution of an RTE instruction.
2. Interrupt detection is not performed on completion of ANDC, ORC, XORC, or LDC
instruction execution, or on completion of reset exception handling.
3. Trap instruction exception handling requests are accepted at all times in the program
execution state.
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Section 4 Exception Handling
4.1.2
Exception Handling Operation
Exceptions originate from various sources. Trap instructions and interrupts are handled as follows:
1. The program counter (PC), condition code register (CCR), and extend register (EXR) are
pushed onto the stack.
2. The interrupt mask bits are updated. The T bit is cleared to 0.
3. A vector address corresponding to the exception source is generated, and program execution
starts from that address.
For a reset exception, steps 2 and 3 above are carried out.
4.1.3
Exception Vector Table
The exception sources are classified as shown in figure 4.1. Different vector addresses are
assigned to different exception sources.
Table 4.2 lists the exception sources and their vector addresses.
• Reset
• Trace
Exception
sources
External interrupts: NMI, IRQ7 to IRQ0
• Interrupts
Internal interrupts: interrupts from on-chip
supporting modules
• Trap instruction
Figure 4.1 Exception Sources
In modes 6 and 7, the on-chip ROM available for use after a power-on reset is the 64-kbyte area
comprising addresses H'000000 to H'00FFFF. Care is required when setting vector addresses. In
this case, clearing the EAE bit in BCRL enables the 256-kbyte (128 kbytes/384 kbytes/512
kbytes)* area comprising addresses H'000000 to H'03FFFF (to H'01FFFF/H'05FFFF/H'07FFFF)
to be used. For details, see section 6.2.5, Bus Control Register L (BCRL).
Note: * The amount of on-chip ROM differs depending on the product.
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Section 4 Exception Handling
Table 4.2
Exception Vector Table
1
Vector Address*
Exception Source
Vector Number
Advanced Mode
Reset
0
H'0000 to H'0003
Reserved
1
H'0004 to H'0007
Reserved for system use
2
H'0008 to H'000B
3
H'000C to H'000F
4
H'0010 to H'0013
Trace
5
H'0014 to H'0017
Reserved for system use
6
H'0018 to H'001B
External interrupt
7
H'001C to H'001F
8
H'0020 to H'0023
9
H'0024 to H'0027
10
H'0028 to H'002B
11
H'002C to H'002F
12
H'0030 to H'0033
13
H'0034 to H'0037
14
H'0038 to H'003B
15
H'003C to H'003F
IRQ0
16
H'0040 to H'0043
IRQ1
17
H'0044 to H'0047
IRQ2
18
H'0048 to H'004B
IRQ3
19
H'004C to H'004F
IRQ4
20
H'0050 to H'0053
IRQ5
21
H'0054 to H'0057
IRQ6
22
H'0058 to H'005B
IRQ7
23
H'005C to H'005F
24
⎜
91
H'0060 to H'0063
⎜
H'016C to H'016F
NMI
Trap instruction (4 sources)
Reserved for system use
External interrupt
2
Internal interrupt*
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. For details of internal interrupt vectors, see section 5.3.3, Interrupt Exception Vector
Table.
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Section 4 Exception Handling
4.2
Reset
4.2.1
Overview
A reset has the highest exception priority.
When the RES pin goes low, all processing halts and the chip enters the reset state. A reset
initializes the internal state of the CPU and the registers of on-chip supporting modules.
Immediately after a reset, interrupt control mode 0 is set.
Reset exception handling begins when the RES pin changes from low to high.
A reset can also be caused by watchdog timer overflow. For details see section 13, Watchdog
Timer.
4.2.2
Reset Sequence
The chip enters the reset state when the RES pin goes low.
To ensure that the chip is reset, hold the RES pin low for at least 20 ms at power-up. To reset the
chip during operation, hold the RES pin low for at least 20 states.
When the RES pin goes high after being held low for the necessary time, the chip starts reset
exception handling as follows:
1. The internal state of the CPU and the registers of the on-chip supporting modules are
initialized, the T bit is cleared to 0 in EXR, and the I bit is set to 1 in EXR and CCR.
2. The reset exception vector address is read and transferred to the PC, and program execution
starts from the address indicated by the PC.
Figure 4.2 shows an example of the reset sequence.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 104 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 4 Exception Handling
Vector fetch
φ
Internal
Prefetch of first
processing program instruction
*
*
*
(1)
(3)
(5)
RES
Address bus
RD
High
HWR, LWR
(2)
D15 to D0
(1), (3)
(2), (4)
(5)
(6)
(4)
(6)
Reset exception handling vector address ((1) = H'000000, (3) = H'000002)
Start address (contents of reset exception vector address)
Start address ((5) = (2), (4))
First program instruction
Note: * 3 program wait states are inserted.
Figure 4.2 Reset Sequence (Mode 4)
4.2.3
Interrupts after Reset
If an interrupt is accepted after a reset but before the stack pointer (SP) is initialized, the PC and
CCR will not be saved correctly, leading to a program crash. To prevent this, all interrupt requests,
including NMI, are disabled immediately after a reset. Since the first instruction of a program is
always executed immediately after the reset state ends, make sure that this instruction initializes
the stack pointer (example: MOV.L #xx:32, SP).
4.2.4
State of On-Chip Supporting Modules after Reset Release
After reset release, MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF and all modules except the DMAC* and
DTC enter module stop mode. Consequently, on-chip supporting module registers cannot be read
or written to. Register reading and writing is enabled when module stop mode is exited.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 4 Exception Handling
4.3
Traces
Traces are enabled in interrupt control mode 2. Trace mode is not activated in interrupt control
mode 0, irrespective of the state of the T bit. For details of interrupt control modes, see section 5,
Interrupt Controller.
If the T bit in EXR is set to 1, trace mode is activated. In trace mode, a trace exception occurs on
completion of each instruction.
Trace mode is canceled by clearing the T bit in EXR to 0. It is not affected by interrupt masking.
Table 4.3 shows the state of CCR and EXR after execution of trace exception handling.
Interrupts are accepted even within the trace exception handling routine.
The T bit saved on the stack retains its value of 1, and when control is returned from the trace
exception handling routine by the RTE instruction, trace mode resumes.
Trace exception handling is not carried out after execution of the RTE instruction.
Table 4.3
Status of CCR and EXR after Trace Exception Handling
Interrupt Control Mode
CCR
I
0
2
EXR
UI
I2 to I0
T
Trace exception handling cannot be used.
1
Legend:
1: Set to 1
0: Cleared to 0
—: Retains value prior to execution.
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—
—
0
Section 4 Exception Handling
4.4
Interrupts
Interrupt exception handling can be requested by nine external sources (NMI, IRQ7 to IRQ0) and
52 internal sources in the on-chip supporting modules. Figure 4.3 classifies the interrupt sources
and the number of interrupts of each type.
The on-chip supporting modules that can request interrupts include the watchdog timer (WDT),
refresh timer*, 16-bit timer-pulse unit (TPU), 8-bit timer, serial communication interface (SCI),
data transfer controller (DTC), DMA controller (DMAC)*, and A/D converter. Each interrupt
source has a separate vector address.
NMI is the highest-priority interrupt. Interrupts are controlled by the interrupt controller. The
interrupt controller has two interrupt control modes and can assign interrupts other than NMI to
eight priority/mask levels to enable multiplexed interrupt control.
For details of interrupts, see section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Note: * The refresh timer and DMAC are not supported in the H8S/2321.
External
interrupts
Interrupts
Internal
interrupts
NMI (1)
IRQ7 to IRQ0 (8)
WDT*1 (1)
Refresh timer*2 *3 (1)
TPU (26)
8-bit timer (6)
SCI (12)
DTC (1)
DMAC (4)*3
A/D converter (1)
Notes: Numbers in parentheses are the numbers of interrupt sources.
1. When the watchdog timer is used as an interval timer, it generates an interrupt request
at each counter overflow.
2. When the refresh timer is used as an interval timer, it generates an interrupt request at
each compare match.
3. The refresh timer and DMAC are not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 4.3 Interrupt Sources and Number of Interrupts
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 107 of 1268
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Section 4 Exception Handling
4.5
Trap Instruction
Trap instruction exception handling starts when a TRAPA instruction is executed. Trap instruction
exception handling can be executed at all times in the program execution state.
The TRAPA instruction fetches a start address from a vector table entry corresponding to a vector
number from 0 to 3, as specified in the instruction code.
Table 4.4 shows the status of CCR and EXR after execution of trap instruction exception handling.
Table 4.4
Status of CCR and EXR after Trap Instruction Exception Handling
CCR
Interrupt Control Mode
I
1
1
0
2
EXR
UI
—
—
I2 to I0
—
—
T
—
0
Legend:
1: Set to 1
0: Cleared to 0
—: Retains value prior to execution.
4.6
Stack Status after Exception Handling
Figure 4.4 shows the stack after completion of trap instruction exception handling and interrupt
exception handling.
SP
SP
CCR
EXR
Reserved*
CCR
PC
(24 bits)
PC
(24 bits)
(a) Interrupt control mode 0
(b) Interrupt control mode 2
Note: * Ignored on return.
Figure 4.4 Stack Status after Exception Handling (Advanced Modes)
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Section 4 Exception Handling
4.7
Notes on Use of the Stack
When accessing word data or longword data, the chip assumes that the lowest address bit is 0. The
stack should always be accessed by word transfer instruction or longword transfer instruction, and
the value of the stack pointer (SP, ER7) should always be kept even. Use the following
instructions to save registers:
PUSH.W
Rn
(or MOV.W Rn, @-SP)
PUSH.L
ERn
(or MOV.L ERn, @-SP)
Use the following instructions to restore registers:
POP.W
Rn
(or MOV.W @SP+, Rn)
POP.L
ERn
(or MOV.L @SP+, ERn)
Setting SP to an odd value may lead to a malfunction. Figure 4.5 shows an example of what
happens when the SP value is odd.
CCR
SP
R1L
SP
PC
PC
H'FFFEFA
H'FFFEFB
H'FFFEFC
H'FFFEFD
SP
TRAP instruction executed MOV.B R1L, @–ER7
SP set to H'FFFEFF
Data saved above SP
Contents of CCR lost
Legend:
CCR: Condition code register
PC: Program counter
R1L: General register R1L
SP: Stack pointer
Note: This diagram illustrates an example in which the interrupt control mode is 0, in advanced
mode.
Figure 4.5 Operation when SP Value is Odd
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Section 4 Exception Handling
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.1
Overview
5.1.1
Features
The chip controls interrupts by means of an interrupt controller. The interrupt controller has the
following features. This chapter assumes the maximum number of interrupt sources available in
these series—nine external interrupts and 52 internal interrupts.
• Two interrupt control modes
⎯ Either of two interrupt control modes can be set by means of the INTM1 and INTM0 bits
in the system control register (SYSCR)
• Priorities settable with IPRs
⎯ Interrupt priority registers (IPRs) are provided for setting interrupt priorities. Eight priority
levels can be set for each module for all interrupts except NMI
⎯ NMI is assigned the highest priority level of 8, and can be accepted at all times
• Independent vector addresses
⎯ All interrupt sources are assigned independent vector addresses, making it unnecessary for
the source to be identified in the interrupt handling routine
• Nine external interrupt pins
⎯ NMI is the highest-priority interrupt, and is accepted at all times. Rising edge or falling
edge can be selected for NMI
⎯ Falling edge, rising edge, or both edge detection, or level sensing, can be selected for IRQ7
to IRQ0
• DTC and DMAC* control
⎯ DTC and DMAC* activation is controlled by means of interrupts
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.1.2
Block Diagram
A block diagram of the interrupt controller is shown in figure 5.1.
CPU
INTM1 INTM0
SYSCR
NMIEG
NMI input
NMI input unit
IRQ input
IRQ input unit
ISR
ISCR
IER
Interrupt
request
Vector
number
Priority
determination
I
Internal interrupt
request
SWDTEND to TEI
I2 to I0
IPR
Interrupt controller
Legend:
ISCR:
IER:
ISR:
IPR:
SYSCR:
IRQ sense control register
IRQ enable register
IRQ status register
Interrupt priority register
System control register
Figure 5.1 Block Diagram of Interrupt Controller
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 112 of 1268
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CCR
EXR
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 5.1 summarizes the pins of the interrupt controller.
Table 5.1
Interrupt Controller Pins
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Nonmaskable interrupt
NMI
Input
Nonmaskable external interrupt; rising or
falling edge can be selected
External interrupt
requests 7 to 0
IRQ7 to IRQ0 Input
5.1.4
Maskable external interrupts; rising, falling, or
both edges, or level sensing, can be selected
Register Configuration
Table 5.2 summarizes the registers of the interrupt controller.
Table 5.2
Interrupt Controller Registers
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
IRQ sense control register H
ISCRH
R/W
H'00
H'FF2C
IRQ sense control register L
ISCRL
R/W
H'00
H'FF2D
IRQ enable register
IER
R/W
H'00
H'FF2E
IRQ status register
ISR
R/(W) *
H'00
H'FF2F
Interrupt priority register A
IPRA
R/W
H'77
H'FEC4
Interrupt priority register B
IPRB
R/W
H'77
H'FEC5
Interrupt priority register C
IPRC
R/W
H'77
H'FEC6
Interrupt priority register D
IPRD
R/W
H'77
H'FEC7
Interrupt priority register E
IPRE
R/W
H'77
H'FEC8
Interrupt priority register F
IPRF
R/W
H'77
H'FEC9
Interrupt priority register G
IPRG
R/W
H'77
H'FECA
2
Interrupt priority register H
IPRH
R/W
H'77
H'FECB
Interrupt priority register I
IPRI
R/W
H'77
H'FECC
Interrupt priority register J
IPRJ
R/W
H'77
H'FECD
Interrupt priority register K
IPRK
R/W
H'77
H'FECE
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Can only be written with 0 for flag clearing.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.2
Register Descriptions
5.2.1
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
2
1
0
LWROD IRQPAS
RAME
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
SYSCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the interrupt control mode, and the
detected edge for NMI.
Only bits 5 to 3 are described here; for details of the other bits, see section 3, MCU Operating
Modes.
SYSCR is initialized to H'01 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bits 5 and 4—Interrupt Control Mode 1 and 0 (INTM1, INTM0): These bits select one of two
interrupt control modes for the interrupt controller.
Bit 5
INTM1
Bit 4
INTM0
Interrupt
Control Mode
Description
0
0
0
Interrupts are controlled by I bit
1
—
Setting prohibited
0
2
Interrupts are controlled by bits I2 to I0, and IPR
1
—
Setting prohibited
1
(Initial value)
Bit 3—NMI Edge Select (NMIEG): Selects the input edge for the NMI pin.
Bit 3
NMIEG
Description
0
Interrupt request generated at falling edge of NMI input
1
Interrupt request generated at rising edge of NMI input
(Initial value)
Bit 1—IRQ Input Pin Select (IRQPAS): Selects switching of the pins that can be used for input
of IRQ4 to IRQ7. IRQ4 to IRQ7 input is always performed from one of the ports.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.2.2
Bit
Interrupt Priority Registers A to K (IPRA to IPRK)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
IPR6
IPR5
IPR4
—
IPR2
IPR1
IPR0
Initial value :
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
The IPR registers are eleven 8-bit readable/writable registers that set priorities (levels 7 to 0) for
interrupts other than NMI.
The correspondence between IPR settings and interrupt sources is shown in table 5.3.
The IPR registers set a priority (levels 7 to 0) for each interrupt source other than NMI.
The IPR registers are initialized to H'77 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 and 3—Reserved: Read-only bits, always read as 0.
Table 5.3
Correspondence between Interrupt Sources and IPR Settings
Bits
Register
6 to 4
2 to 0
IPRA
IRQ0
IRQ1
IPRB
IRQ2
IRQ3
IRQ4
IRQ5
IPRC
IRQ6
IRQ7
DTC
IPRD
Refresh timer
IPRE
Watchdog timer
1
—*
A/D converter
IPRF
TPU channel 0
TPU channel 1
IPRG
TPU channel 2
TPU channel 3
IPRH
TPU channel 4
TPU channel 5
IPRI
8-bit timer channel 1
IPRJ
8-bit timer channel 0
2
DMAC*
IPRK
SCI channel 1
SCI channel 2
SCI channel 0
Notes: 1. Reserved bits.
2. The refresh timer and DMAC are not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
As shown in table 5.3, multiple interrupts are assigned to one IPR. Setting a value in the range
from H'0 to H'7 in the 3-bit groups of bits 6 to 4 and 2 to 0 sets the priority of the corresponding
interrupt. The lowest priority level, level 0, is assigned by setting H'0, and the highest priority
level, level 7, by setting H'7.
When interrupt requests are generated, the highest-priority interrupt according to the priority
levels set in the IPR registers is selected. This interrupt level is then compared with the interrupt
mask level set by the interrupt mask bits (I2 to I0) in the extend register (EXR) in the CPU, and if
the priority level of the interrupt is higher than the set mask level, an interrupt request is issued to
the CPU.
5.2.3
Bit
IRQ Enable Register (IER)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IRQ7E
IRQ6E
IRQ5E
IRQ4E
IRQ3E
IRQ2E
IRQ1E
IRQ0E
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
IER is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls enabling and disabling of interrupt requests
IRQ7 to IRQ0.
IER is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 to 0—IRQ7 to IRQ0 Enable (IRQ7E to IRQ0E): These bits select whether IRQ7 to
IRQ0 are enabled or disabled.
Bit n
IRQnE
Description
0
IRQn interrupts disabled
1
IRQn interrupts enabled
(Initial value)
(n = 7 to 0)
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.2.4
IRQ Sense Control Registers H and L (ISCRH, ISCRL)
ISCRH
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
IRQ7SCB IRQ7SCA IRQ6SCB IRQ6SCA IRQ5SCB IRQ5SCA IRQ4SCB IRQ4SCA
Initial value :
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ISCRL
Bit
IRQ3SCB IRQ3SCA IRQ2SCB IRQ2SCA IRQ1SCB IRQ1SCA IRQ0SCB IRQ0SCA
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
ISCR (composed of ISCRH and ISCRL) is a 16-bit readable/writable register that selects rising
edge, falling edge, or both edge detection, or level sensing, for the input at pins IRQ7 to IRQ0.
ISCR is initialized to H'0000 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 15 to 0—IRQ7 Sense Control A and B (IRQ7SCA, IRQ7SCB) to IRQ0 Sense Control A
and B (IRQ0SCA, IRQ0SCB)
Bits 15 to 0
IRQ7SCB to
IRQ0SCB
IRQ7SCA to
IRQ0SCA
0
0
Interrupt request generated at IRQ7 to IRQ0 input low level
(Initial value)
1
Interrupt request generated at falling edge of IRQ7 to IRQ0 input
0
Interrupt request generated at rising edge of IRQ7 to IRQ0 input
1
Interrupt request generated at both falling and rising edges of
IRQ7 to IRQ0 input
1
Description
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.2.5
IRQ Status Register (ISR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IRQ7F
IRQ6F
IRQ5F
IRQ4F
IRQ3F
IRQ2F
IRQ1F
IRQ0F
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
ISR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that indicates the status of IRQ7 to IRQ0 interrupt
requests.
ISR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 to 0—IRQ7 to IRQ0 flags (IRQ7F to IRQ0F): These bits indicate the status of IRQ7 to
IRQ0 interrupt requests.
Bit n
IRQnF
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
Cleared by reading IRQnF flag when IRQnF = 1, then writing 0 to IRQnF flag
•
When interrupt exception handling is executed when low-level detection is set
(IRQnSCB = IRQnSCA = 0) and IRQn input is high
•
When IRQn interrupt exception handling is executed when falling, rising, or bothedge detection is set (IRQnSCB = 1 or IRQnSCA = 1)
•
When the DTC is activated by an IRQn interrupt, and the DISEL bit in MRB of the
DTC is cleared to 0
[Setting conditions]
•
When IRQn input goes low when low-level detection is set (IRQnSCB = IRQnSCA =
0)
•
When a falling edge occurs in IRQn input when falling edge detection is set
(IRQnSCB = 0, IRQnSCA = 1)
•
When a rising edge occurs in IRQn input when rising edge detection is set
(IRQnSCB = 1, IRQnSCA = 0)
•
When a falling or rising edge occurs in IRQn input when both-edge detection is set
(IRQnSCB = IRQnSCA = 1)
(n = 7 to 0)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 118 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.3
Interrupt Sources
Interrupt sources comprise external interrupts (NMI and IRQ7 to IRQ0) and internal interrupts (52
sources).
5.3.1
External Interrupts
There are nine external interrupts: NMI and IRQ7 to IRQ0. NMI and IRQ7 to IRQ0 can be used to
restore the chip from software standby mode. (IRQ7 to IRQ3 can be designated for use as software
standby mode clearing sources by setting the IRQ37S bit in SBYCR to 1.)
NMI Interrupt: NMI is the highest-priority interrupt, and is always accepted by the CPU
regardless of the status of the CPU interrupt mask bits. The NMIEG bit in SYSCR can be used to
select whether an interrupt is requested at a rising edge or a falling edge on the NMI pin.
The vector number for NMI interrupt exception handling is 7.
IRQ7 to IRQ0 Interrupts: Interrupts IRQ7 to IRQ0 are requested by an input signal at pins
IRQ7 to IRQ0. Interrupts IRQ7 to IRQ0 have the following features:
• Using ISCR, it is possible to select whether an interrupt is generated by a low level, falling
edge, rising edge, or both edges, at pins IRQ7 to IRQ0.
• Enabling or disabling of interrupt requests IRQ7 to IRQ0 can be selected with IER.
• The interrupt priority level can be set with IPR.
• The status of interrupt requests IRQ7 to IRQ0 is indicated in ISR. ISR flags can be cleared to 0
by software.
A block diagram of interrupts IRQ7 to IRQ0 is shown in figure 5.2.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 119 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
IRQnE
IRQnSCA, IRQnSCB
IRQnF
Edge/level
detection circuit
IRQn interrupt
S
Q
request
R
IRQn input
Clear signal
Note: n = 7 to 0
Figure 5.2 Block Diagram of Interrupts IRQ7 to IRQ0
Figure 5.3 shows the timing of setting IRQnF.
φ
IRQn
input pin
IRQnF
Figure 5.3 Timing of Setting IRQnF
The vector numbers for IRQ7 to IRQ0 interrupt exception handling are 23 to 16.
Detection of IRQ7 to IRQ0 interrupts does not depend on whether the relevant pin has been set for
input or output. Therefore, when a pin is used as an external interrupt input pin, do not clear the
corresponding DDR bit to 0 and use the pin as an I/O pin for another function. The pins that can
be used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 interrupt input can be switched by means of the IRQPAS bit in SYSCR.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 120 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.3.2
Internal Interrupts
There are 52 sources for internal interrupts from on-chip supporting modules.
• For each on-chip supporting module there are flags that indicate the interrupt request status,
and enable bits that select enabling or disabling of these interrupts. If both of these are set to 1
for a particular interrupt source, an interrupt request is issued to the interrupt controller.
• The interrupt priority level can be set by means of IPR.
• The DMAC* and DTC can be activated by a TPU, SCI, or other interrupt request. When the
DMAC* or DTC is activated by an interrupt, the interrupt control mode and interrupt mask bits
have no effect.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
5.3.3
Interrupt Exception Vector Table
Table 5.4 shows interrupt exception handling sources, vector addresses, and interrupt priorities.
For default priorities, the lower the vector number, the higher the priority. Interrupt sources can
also be used to activate the DTC and DMAC*.
Priorities among modules can be set by means of IPR. The situation when two or more modules
are set to the same priority, and priorities within a module, are fixed as shown in table 5.4.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 121 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Table 5.4
Interrupt Sources, Vector Addresses, and Interrupt Priorities
Interrupt Source
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Power-on reset
2
Vector
Number
Vector
1
Address* IPR
DMAC*
DTC
Activa- ActivaPriority tion
tion
0
H'0000
High
Reserved
1
H'0004
Reserved for system
use
2
H'0008
3
H'000C
4
H'0010
Trace
5
H'0014
Reserved for system
use
6
H'0018
7
H'001C
8
H'0020
9
H'0024
10
H'0028
11
H'002C
12
H'0030
13
H'0034
NMI
External
pin
Trap instruction
(4 sources)
Reserved for system
use
—
—
—
14
H'0038
15
H'003C
16
H'0040
IPRA6 to
IPRA4
—
IRQ1
17
H'0044
IPRA2 to
IPRA0
—
IRQ2
18
H'0048
—
IRQ3
19
H'004C
IPRB6 to
IPRB4
IRQ4
20
H'0050
—
IRQ5
21
H'0054
IPRB2 to
IPRB0
IRQ6
22
H'0058
23
H'005C
IPRC6 to
IPRC4
Low
—
IRQ7
IRQ0
External
pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 122 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
—
—
—
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
2
DMAC*
DTC
Activa- ActivaPriority tion
tion
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Vector Vector
1
Number Address* IPR
SWDTEND (softwareactivated data transfer
end)
DTC
24
H'0060
IPRC2 to High
IPRC0
WOVI (interval timer)
Watchdog 25
timer
H'0064
IPRD6 to
IPRD4
—
—
CMI (compare match)*
Refresh
controller
26
H'0068
IPRD2 to
IPRD0
—
—
Reserved
—
27
H'006C
IPRE6 to
IPRE4
—
—
ADI (A/D conversion
end)
A/D
28
H'0070
IPRE2 to
IPRE0
Reserved
—
29
H'0074
—
—
30
H'0078
Interrupt Source
3
—
31
H'007C
32
H'0080
TGI0B (TGR0B input
capture/compare
match)
33
H'0084
—
TGI0C (TGR0C input
capture/compare
match)
34
H'0088
—
TGI0D (TGR0D input
capture/compare
match)
35
H'008C
—
TGI0A (TGR0A input
capture/compare
match)
TPU
channel 0
TCI0V (overflow 0)
Reserved
—
IPRF6 to
IPRF4
36
H'0090
—
—
37
H'0094
—
—
38
H'0098
39
H'009C
Low
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 123 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
2
Vector Vector
1
Number Address* IPR
DMAC*
DTC
Activa- ActivaPriority tion
tion
40
H'00A0
High
TGI1B (TGR1B input
capture/compare
match)
41
H'00A4
TCI1V (overflow 1)
42
H'00A8
—
—
TCI1U (underflow 1)
43
H'00AC
—
—
44
H'00B0
TGI2B (TGR2B input
capture/compare
match)
45
H'00B4
TCI2V (overflow 2)
46
H'00B8
—
—
TCI2U (underflow 2)
47
H'00BC
—
—
48
H'00C0
TGI3B (TGR3B input
capture/compare
match)
49
H'00C4
—
TGI3C (TGR3C input
capture/compare
match)
50
H'00C8
—
TGI3D (TGR3D input
capture/compare
match)
51
H'00CC
—
TCI3V (overflow 3)
52
H'00D0
—
—
53
H'00D4
—
—
54
H'00D8
55
H'00DC
Interrupt Source
TGI1A (TGR1A input
capture/compare
match)
TGI2A (TGR2A input
capture/compare
match)
TGI3A (TGR3A input
capture/compare
match)
Reserved
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
TPU
channel 1
TPU
channel 2
TPU
channel 3
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 124 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
IPRF2 to
IPRF0
—
IPRG6 to
IPRG4
—
IPRG2 to
IPRG0
Low
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Interrupt Source
TGI4A (TGR4A input
capture/compare
match)
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Vector Vector
1
Number Address* IPR
56
H'00E0
TGI4B (TGR4B input
capture/compare
match)
57
H'00E4
TCI4V (overflow 4)
58
H'00E8
—
—
TCI4U (underflow 4)
59
H'00EC
—
—
60
H'00F0
TGI5B (TGR5B input
capture/compare
match)
61
H'00F4
TCI5V (overflow 5)
62
H'00F8
—
—
TCI5U (underflow 5)
63
H'00FC
—
—
64
H'0100
CMIB0 (compare
match B)
65
H'0104
OVI0 (overflow 0)
66
H'0108
—
—
—
—
TGI5A (TGR5A input
capture/compare
match)
CMIA0 (compare
match A)
TPU
channel 4
2
DMAC*
DTC
Activa- ActivaPriority tion
tion
TPU
channel 5
8-bit timer
channel 0
Reserved
—
67
H'010C
CMIA1 (compare
match A)
8-bit timer
channel 1
68
H'0110
CMIB1 (compare
match B)
69
H'0114
OVI1 (overflow 1)
70
H'0118
71
H'011C
Reserved
—
IPRH6 to High
IPRH4
—
IPRH2 to
IPRH0
—
IPRI6 to
IPRI4
—
—
IPRI2 to
IPRI0
—
—
Low
—
—
—
—
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
2
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Vector Vector
1
Number Address* IPR
DMAC*
DTC
Activa- ActivaPriority tion
tion
DMAC
72
H'0120
High
DEND0B (channel 0B
3
transfer end) *
73
H'0124
—
DEND1A (channel
1/channel 1A transfer
3
end) *
74
H'0128
—
DEND1B (channel 1B
3
transfer end) *
75
H'012C
—
76
H'0130
77
H'0134
78
H'0138
79
H'013C
80
H'0140
81
H'0144
TXI0 (transmit data
empty 0)
82
H'0148
TEI0 (transmit end 0)
83
H'014C
84
H'0150
85
H'0154
TXI1 (transmit data
empty 1)
86
H'0158
TEI1 (transmit end 1)
87
H'015C
88
H'0160
89
H'0164
TXI2 (transmit data
empty 2)
90
H'0168
TEI2 (transmit end 2)
91
H'016C
Interrupt Source
DEND0A (channel
0/channel 0A transfer
3
end)*
Reserved
ERI0 (receive error 0)
RXI0 (reception data
full 0)
ERI1 (receive error 1)
RXI1 (reception data
full 1)
ERI2 (receive error 2)
RXI2 (reception data
full 2)
—
SCI
channel 0
SCI
channel 1
SCI
channel 2
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the start address.
2. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
3. Reserved in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 126 of 1268
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IPRJ6 to
IPRJ4
IPRJ2 to
IPRJ0
IPRK6 to
IPRK4
IPRK2 to
IPRK0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Low
—
—
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.4
Interrupt Operation
5.4.1
Interrupt Control Modes and Interrupt Operation
Interrupt operations in the chip differ depending on the interrupt control mode.
NMI interrupts are accepted at all times except in the reset state and the hardware standby state. In
the case of IRQ interrupts and on-chip supporting module interrupts, an enable bit is provided for
each interrupt. Clearing an enable bit to 0 disables the corresponding interrupt request. Interrupt
sources for which the enable bits are set to 1 are controlled by the interrupt controller.
Table 5.5 shows the interrupt control modes.
The interrupt controller performs interrupt control according to the interrupt control mode set by
the INTM1 and INTM0 bits in SYSCR, the priorities set in IPR, and the masking state indicated
by the I bit in the CPU’s CCR, and bits I2 to I0 in EXR.
Table 5.5
Interrupt Control Modes
SYSCR
Interrupt
Control Mode
INTM1 INTM0
Priority Setting
Registers
Interrupt
Mask Bits
0
0
0
—
I
Interrupt mask control is
performed by the I bit.
1
—
—
Setting prohibited
0
IPR
I2 to I0
8-level interrupt mask control
is performed by bits I2 to I0.
8 priority levels can be set
with IPR.
1
—
—
Setting prohibited
—
2
—
1
Description
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Figure 5.4 shows a block diagram of the priority decision circuit.
Interrupt
control
mode 0
I
Interrupt
acceptance
control
Default priority
determination
Interrupt source
Vector number
8-level
mask control
IPR
I2 to I0
Interrupt control mode 2
Figure 5.4 Block Diagram of Interrupt Control Operation
Interrupt Acceptance Control: In interrupt control mode 0, interrupt acceptance is controlled by
the I bit in CCR.
Table 5.6 shows the interrupts selected in each interrupt control mode.
Table 5.6
Interrupts Selected in Each Interrupt Control Mode (1)
Interrupt Mask Bits
Interrupt Control Mode
I
Selected Interrupts
0
0
All interrupts
1
*
NMI interrupts
2
All interrupts
*: Don't care
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
8-Level Control: In interrupt control mode 2, 8-level mask level determination is performed for
the selected interrupts in interrupt acceptance control according to the interrupt priority level
(IPR).
The interrupt source selected is the interrupt with the highest priority level, and whose priority
level set in IPR is higher than the mask level.
Table 5.7
Interrupts Selected in Each Interrupt Control Mode (2)
Interrupt Control Mode
Selected Interrupts
0
All interrupts
2
Highest-priority-level (IPR) interrupt whose priority level is greater
than the mask level (IPR > I2 to I0)
Default Priority Determination: When an interrupt is selected by 8-level control, its priority is
determined and a vector number is generated.
If the same value is set for IPR, acceptance of multiple interrupts is enabled, and so only the
interrupt source with the highest priority according to the preset default priorities is selected and
has a vector number generated.
Interrupt sources with a lower priority than the accepted interrupt source are held pending.
Table 5.8 shows operations and control signal functions in each interrupt control mode.
Table 5.8
Interrupt
Control
Mode
Operations and Control Signal Functions in Each Interrupt Control Mode
Interrupt
Acceptance
Control
Setting
INTM1 INTM0
0
0
0
2
1
0
8-Level Control
I
X
IM
1
—*
I2 to I0
X
Default Priority
Determination
T (Trace)
—
IPR
2
—*
—
IM
PR
T
Legend:
: Interrupt operation control performed
X: No operation (All interrupts enabled)
IM: Used as interrupt mask bit
PR: Sets priority
—: Not used
Notes: 1. Set to 1 when interrupt is accepted.
2. Keep the initial setting.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.4.2
Interrupt Control Mode 0
Enabling and disabling of IRQ interrupts and on-chip supporting module interrupts can be set by
means of the I bit in the CPU’s CCR. Interrupts are enabled when the I bit is cleared to 0, and
disabled when set to 1.
Figure 5.5 shows a flowchart of the interrupt acceptance operation in this case.
[1] If an interrupt source occurs when the corresponding interrupt enable bit is set to 1, an
interrupt request is sent to the interrupt controller.
[2] The I bit is then referenced. If the I bit is cleared to 0, the interrupt request is accepted. If the I
bit is set to 1, only an NMI interrupt is accepted, and other interrupt requests are held pending.
[3] Interrupt requests are sent to the interrupt controller, the highest-ranked interrupt according to
the priority system is accepted, and other interrupt requests are held pending.
[4] When an interrupt request is accepted, interrupt exception handling starts after execution of the
current instruction has been completed.
[5] The PC and CCR are saved to the stack area by interrupt exception handling. The PC saved on
the stack shows the address of the first instruction to be executed after returning from the
interrupt handling routine.
[6] Next, the I bit in CCR is set to 1. This masks all interrupts except NMI.
[7] A vector address is generated for the accepted interrupt, and execution of the interrupt
handling routine starts at the address indicated by the contents of that vector address.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Program execution state
No
Interrupt generated?
Yes
Yes
NMI?
No
No
I = 0?
Hold pending
Yes
No
IRQ0?
Yes
No
IRQ1?
Yes
TEI2?
Yes
Save PC and CCR
I←1
Read vector address
Branch to interrupt handling routine
Figure 5.5 Flowchart of Procedure Up to Interrupt Acceptance in
Interrupt Control Mode 0
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.4.3
Interrupt Control Mode 2
Eight-level masking is implemented for IRQ interrupts and on-chip supporting module interrupts
by comparing the interrupt mask level set by bits I2 to I0 of EXR in the CPU with IPR.
Figure 5.6 shows a flowchart of the interrupt acceptance operation in this case.
[1] If an interrupt source occurs when the corresponding interrupt enable bit is set to 1, an
interrupt request is sent to the interrupt controller.
[2] When interrupt requests are sent to the interrupt controller, the interrupt with the highest
priority according to the interrupt priority levels set in IPR is selected, and lower-priority
interrupt requests are held pending. If a number of interrupt requests with the same priority are
generated at the same time, the interrupt request with the highest priority according to the
priority system shown in table 5.4 is selected.
[3] Next, the priority of the selected interrupt request is compared with the interrupt mask level set
in EXR. An interrupt request with a priority no higher than the mask level set at that time is
held pending, and only an interrupt request with a priority higher than the interrupt mask level
is accepted.
[4] When an interrupt request is accepted, interrupt exception handling starts after execution of the
current instruction has been completed.
[5] The PC, CCR, and EXR are saved to the stack area by interrupt exception handling. The PC
saved on the stack shows the address of the first instruction to be executed after returning from
the interrupt handling routine.
[6] The T bit in EXR is cleared to 0. The interrupt mask level is rewritten with the priority level of
the accepted interrupt.
If the accepted interrupt is NMI, the interrupt mask level is set to H'7.
[7] A vector address is generated for the accepted interrupt, and execution of the interrupt
handling routine starts at the address indicated by the contents of that vector address.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Program execution state
Interrupt generated?
No
Yes
Yes
NMI?
No
Level 7 interrupt?
No
Yes
Mask level 6
or below?
Yes
Level 6 interrupt?
No
No
Yes
Level 1 interrupt?
No
Mask level 5
or below?
No
Yes
Yes
Mask level 0?
No
Yes
Save PC, CCR, and EXR
Hold pending
Clear T bit to 0
Update mask level
Read vector address
Branch to interrupt handling routine
Figure 5.6 Flowchart of Procedure Up to Interrupt Acceptance in
Interrupt Control Mode 2
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.4.4
Interrupt Exception Handling Sequence
Figure 5.7 shows the interrupt exception handling sequence. The example shown is for the case
where interrupt control mode 0 is set in advanced mode, and the program area and stack area are
in on-chip memory.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 134 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(1)
(2)
(4)
(3)
Instruction
prefetch
Internal
operation
Instruction prefetch address (Not executed.
This is the contents of the saved PC, the return address.)
(2), (4) Instruction code (Not executed.)
(3)
Instruction prefetch address (Not executed.)
(5)
SP-2
(7)
SP-4
(1)
Internal
data bus
Internal
write signal
Internal
read signal
Internal
address bus
Interrupt
request signal
φ
Interrupt level determination
Wait for end of instruction
Interrupt
acceptance
(5)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
Vector fetch
(12)
(11)
Internal
operation
(14)
(13)
Interrupt handling
routine instruction
prefetch
(6), (8)
Saved PC and saved CCR
(9), (11) Vector address
(10), (12) Interrupt handling routine start address (vector
address contents)
(13)
Interrupt handling routine start address ((13) = (10), (12))
(14)
First instruction of interrupt handling routine
(6)
Stack
Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Figure 5.7 Interrupt Exception Handling
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.4.5
Interrupt Response Times
The chip is capable of fast word transfer instruction to on-chip memory, and the program area is
provided in on-chip ROM and the stack area in on-chip RAM, enabling high-speed processing.
Table 5.9 shows interrupt response times—the interval between generation of an interrupt request
and execution of the first instruction in the interrupt handling routine. The execution status
symbols used in table 5.9 are explained in table 5.10.
Table 5.9
Interrupt Response Times
Advanced Mode
No.
Item
*1
INTM1 = 0
INTM1 = 1
1
Interrupt priority determination
3
3
2
Number of wait states until executing
2
instruction ends*
1 to (19 + 2·SI)
1 to (19 + 2·SI)
3
PC, CCR, EXR stack save
2·SK
3·SK
4
Vector fetch
2·SI
2·SI
5
Instruction fetch*
2·SI
2·SI
6
4
Internal processing*
3
Total (using on-chip memory)
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
2
2
12 to 32
13 to 33
Two states in case of internal interrupt.
Refers to MULXS and DIVXS instructions.
Prefetch after interrupt acceptance and interrupt handling routine prefetch.
Internal processing after interrupt acceptance and internal processing after vector fetch.
Table 5.10 Number of States in Interrupt Handling Routine Execution
Object of Access
External Device
8-Bit Bus
Symbol
Instruction fetch
SI
Branch address read
SJ
Stack manipulation
SK
16-Bit Bus
Internal
Memory
2-State
Access
3-State
Access
2-State
Access
3-State
Access
1
4
6 + 2m
2
3+m
Legend:
m: Number of wait states in an external device access.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.5
Usage Notes
5.5.1
Contention between Interrupt Generation and Disabling
When an interrupt enable bit is cleared to 0 to disable interrupts, the disabling becomes effective
after execution of the instruction.
In other words, when an interrupt enable bit is cleared to 0 by an instruction such as BCLR or
MOV, if an interrupt is generated during execution of the instruction, the interrupt concerned will
still be enabled on completion of the instruction, and so interrupt exception handling for that
interrupt will be executed on completion of the instruction. However, if there is an interrupt
request of higher priority than that interrupt, interrupt exception handling will be executed for the
higher-priority interrupt, and the lower-priority interrupt will be ignored.
The same also applies when an interrupt source flag is cleared.
Figure 5.8 shows an example in which the TGIEA bit in the TPU’s TIER0 register is cleared to 0.
TIER0 write cycle by CPU
TGI0A exception handling
φ
Internal
address bus
TIER0 address
Internal
write signal
TGIEA
TGFA
TGI0A
interrupt signal
Figure 5.8 Contention between Interrupt Generation and Disabling
The above contention will not occur if an enable bit or interrupt source flag is cleared to 0 while
the interrupt is masked.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.5.2
Instructions that Disable Interrupts
Instructions that disable interrupts are LDC, ANDC, ORC, and XORC. After any of these
instructions is executed, all interrupts including NMI are disabled and the next instruction is
always executed. When the I bit is set by one of these instructions, the new value becomes valid
two states after execution of the instruction ends.
5.5.3
Times when Interrupts Are Disabled
There are times when interrupt acceptance is disabled by the interrupt controller.
The interrupt controller disables interrupt acceptance for a 3-state period after the CPU has
updated the mask level with an LDC, ANDC, ORC, or XORC instruction.
5.5.4
Interrupts during Execution of EEPMOV Instruction
Interrupt operation differs between the EEPMOV.B instruction and the EEPMOV.W instruction.
With the EEPMOV.B instruction, an interrupt request (including NMI) issued during the transfer
is not accepted until the move is completed.
With the EEPMOV.W instruction, if an interrupt request is issued during the transfer, interrupt
exception handling starts at a break in the transfer cycle. The PC value saved on the stack in this
case is the address of the next instruction.
Therefore, if an interrupt is generated during execution of an EEPMOV.W instruction, the
following coding should be used.
L1:
EEPMOV.W
MOV.W
R4,R4
BNE
L1
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.6
DTC and DMAC Activation by Interrupt
5.6.1
Overview
The DTC and DMAC* can be activated by an interrupt. In this case, the following options are
available.
1. Interrupt request to CPU
2. Activation request to DTC
3. Activation request to DMAC*
4. Selection of a number of the above
For details of interrupt requests that can be used with to activate the DTC or DMAC*, see section
8, Data Transfer Controller, and section 7, DMA Controller.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.6.2
Block Diagram
Figure 5.9 shows a block diagram of the DTC, DMAC*, and interrupt controller.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Interrupt
request
IRQ
interrupt
On-chip
supporting
module
Interrupt source
clear signal
Clear signal
Disable signal
DMAC*
DTC activation
request vector
number
Selection
circuit
Select
signal
Clear signal
DTCER
Control logic
DTC
Clear signal
DTVECR
SWDTE
clear signal
Interrupt controller
Determination of
priority
CPU interrupt
request vector
number
CPU
I, I2 to I0
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 5.9 Interrupt Control for DTC and DMAC*
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
5.6.3
Operation
The interrupt controller has three main functions in DTC and DMAC* control.
Selection of Interrupt Source: With the DMAC*, the activation source is input directly to each
channel. The activation source for each DMAC* channel is selected with bits DTF3 to DTF0 in
DMACR. Whether the selected activation source is to be managed by the DMAC* can be selected
with the DTA bit of DMABCR. When the DTA bit is set to 1, the interrupt source constituting that
DMAC* activation source is not a DTC activation source or CPU interrupt source.
For interrupt sources other than interrupts managed by the DMAC*, it is possible to select DTC
activation request or CPU interrupt request with the DTCE bit of DTCERA to DTCERF in the
DTC.
After a DTC data transfer, the DTCE bit can be cleared to 0 and an interrupt request sent to the
CPU in accordance with the specification of the DISEL bit of MRB in the DTC.
When the DTC has performed the specified number of data transfers and the transfer counter value
is zero, the DTCE bit is cleared to 0 and an interrupt request is sent to the CPU after the DTC data
transfer.
Determination of Priority: The DTC activation source is selected in accordance with the default
priority order, and is not affected by mask or priority levels. See section 7.6, Interrupts, and
section 8.3.3, DTC Vector Table, for the respective priorities.
With the DMAC*, the activation source is input directly to each channel.
Operation Order: If the same interrupt is selected as a DTC activation source and a CPU
interrupt source, the DTC data transfer is performed first, followed by CPU interrupt exception
handling.
If the same interrupt is selected as a DMAC* activation source and a DTC activation source or
CPU interrupt source, operations are performed for them independently according to their
respective operating statuses and bus mastership priorities.
Table 5.11 summarizes interrupt source selection and interrupt source clearance control according
to the settings of the DTA bit of DMABCR in the DMAC*, the DTCE bit of DTCERA to
DTCERF in the DTC, and the DISEL bit of MRB in the DTC.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 141 of 1268
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Section 5 Interrupt Controller
Table 5.11 Interrupt Source Selection and Clearing Control
Settings
DMAC
DTC
DTA
DTCE
DISEL
0
0
*
1
0
*
1
*
1
Interrupt Source Selection/Clearing Control
1
DMAC*
DTC
CPU
X
X
X
X
Legend:
: The relevant interrupt is used. Interrupt source clearing is performed.
(The CPU should clear the source flag in the interrupt handling routine.)
: The relevant interrupt is used. The interrupt source is not cleared.
X: The relevant interrupt cannot be used.
*: Don't care
Note: 1. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Usage Note: SCI and A/D converter interrupt sources are cleared when the DMAC* or DTC reads
or writes to the prescribed register, and are not dependent upon the DTA bit or DISEL bit.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Section 6 Bus Controller
6.1
Overview
The chip has an on-chip bus controller (BSC) that manages the external address space divided into
eight areas. The bus specifications, such as bus width and number of access states, can be set
independently for each area, enabling multiple memories to be connected easily.
The bus controller also has a bus arbitration function, and controls the operation of the internal bus
masters: the CPU, DMA controller (DMAC)*, and data transfer controller (DTC).
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.1.1
Features
The features of the bus controller are listed below.
• Manages external address space in area units
⎯ In advanced mode, manages the external space as 8 areas of 2 Mbytes
⎯ Bus specifications can be set independently for each area
⎯ DRAM*/burst ROM interfaces can be set
• Basic bus interface
⎯ Chip select (CS0 to CS7) can be output for areas 0 to 7
⎯ 8-bit access or 16-bit access can be selected for each area
⎯ 2-state access or 3-state access can be selected for each area
⎯ Program wait states can be inserted for each area
• DRAM interface*
⎯ DRAM interface can be set for areas 2 to 5 (in advanced mode)
⎯ Row address/column address multiplexed output (8/9/10 bits)
⎯ 2-CAS access method
⎯ Burst operation (fast page mode)
⎯ TP cycle insertion to secure RAS precharging time
⎯ Choice of CAS-before-RAS refreshing or self-refreshing
• Burst ROM interface
⎯ Burst ROM interface can be set for area 0
⎯ Choice of 1- or 2-state burst access
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Section 6 Bus Controller
• Idle cycle insertion
⎯ An idle cycle can be inserted in case of an external read cycle between different areas
⎯ An idle cycle can be inserted when an external read cycle is immediately followed by an
external write cycle
• Write buffer functions
⎯ External write cycle and internal access can be executed in parallel
⎯ DMAC* single address mode and internal access can be executed in parallel
• Bus arbitration function
⎯ Includes a bus arbiter that arbitrates bus mastership among the CPU, DMAC, and DTC
• Other features
⎯ Refresh counter (refresh timer)* can be used as an interval timer
⎯ External bus release function
Note: * The DRAM interface, DMAC, and refresh counter are not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 144 of 1268
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 6.1 shows a block diagram of the bus controller.
CS0 to CS7
Internal
address bus
Area decoder
ABWCR
External bus control signals
ASTCR
BCRH
BCRL
BREQ
BACK
Bus
controller
BREQO
Internal control
signals
WAIT
Wait
controller
WCRH
WCRL
External DRAM
signals*
DRAM
controller*
Internal data bus
Bus mode signal
MCR
DRAMCR
RTCNT
RTCOR
CPU bus request signal
DTC bus request signal
Bus arbiter
DMAC bus request signal*
CPU bus acknowledge signal
DTC bus acknowledge signal
DMAC bus acknowledge signal*
Note: * Not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 6.1 Block Diagram of Bus Controller
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 145 of 1268
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 6.1 summarizes the pins of the bus controller.
Table 6.1
Bus Controller Pins
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Address strobe
AS
Output
Strobe signal indicating that address output
on address bus is enabled.
Read
RD
Output
Strobe signal indicating that external space
is being read.
High write/write enable
HWR
Output
Strobe signal indicating that external space
is to be written, and upper half (D15 to D8) of
data bus is enabled.
2-CAS DRAM write enable signal*.
Low write
LWR
Output
Strobe signal indicating that external space
is to be written, and lower half (D7 to D0) of
data bus is enabled.
Chip select 0
CS0
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 0 is
selected.
Chip select 1
CS1
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 1 is
selected.
Chip select 2/row address
strobe 2
CS2
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 2 is
selected.
DRAM row address strobe signal when
area 2 is in DRAM space*.
Chip select 3/row address
strobe 3
CS3
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 3 is
selected.
DRAM row address strobe signal when
area 3 is in DRAM space*.
Chip select 4/row address
strobe 4
CS4
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 4 is
selected.
DRAM row address strobe signal when
area 4 is in DRAM space*.
Chip select 5/row address
strobe 5
CS5
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 5 is
selected.
DRAM row address strobe signal when
area 5 is in DRAM space*.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Chip select 6
CS6
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 6 is
selected.
Chip select 7
CS7
Output
Strobe signal indicating that area 7 is
selected.
Upper column address strobe
CAS*
Output
2-CAS DRAM upper column address strobe
signal.
Lower column strobe
LCAS*
Output
DRAM lower column address strobe signal.
Wait
WAIT
Input
Wait request signal when accessing
external 3-state access space.
Bus request
BREQ
Input
Request signal that releases bus to
external device.
Bus request acknowledge
BACK
Output
Acknowledge signal indicating that bus has
been released.
Bus request output
BREQO
Output
External bus request signal used when
internal bus master accesses external
space when external bus is released.
Note: * The DRAM interface and the CAS and LCAS pin functions are not supported in the
H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.1.4
Register Configuration
Table 6.2 summarizes the registers of the bus controller.
Table 6.2
Bus Controller Registers
Initial Value
1
Address*
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Reset
Bus width control register
ABWCR
R/W
H'FF/H'00*
H'FED0
Access state control register
ASTCR
R/W
H'FF
H'FED1
Wait control register H
WCRH
R/W
H'FF
H'FED2
Wait control register L
WCRL
R/W
H'FF
H'FED3
Bus control register H
BCRH
R/W
H'D0
H'FED4
Bus control register L
R/W
H'3C
H'FED5
Memory control register
BCRL
3
MCR*
R/W
H'00
H'FED6
DRAM control register
3
DRAMCR*
R/W
H'00
H'FED7
Refresh timer counter
3
RTCNT*
R/W
H'00
H'FED8
Refresh time constant register
RTCOR*
3
R/W
H'FF
H'FED9
2
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Determined by the MCU operating mode.
3. In the H8S/2321 this register is reserved and must not be accessed.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2
Register Descriptions
6.2.1
Bus Width Control Register (ABWCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ABW7
ABW6
ABW5
ABW4
ABW3
ABW2
ABW1
ABW0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Modes 5 to 7
Initial value :
R/W
:
Mode 4
Initial value :
R/W
:
ABWCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that designates each area for either 8-bit access or
16-bit access.
ABWCR sets the data bus width for the external memory space. The bus width for on-chip
memory and internal I/O registers is fixed regardless of the settings in ABWCR.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, ABWCR is initialized to H'FF in modes 5 to 7,* and
to H'00 in mode 4. It is not initialized in software standby mode.
Note: * Modes 6 and 7 are not provided in the ROMless version.
Bits 7 to 0—Area 7 to 0 Bus Width Control (ABW7 to ABW0): These bits select whether the
corresponding area is to be designated for 8-bit access or 16-bit access.
Bit n
ABWn
Description
0
Area n is designated for 16-bit access
1
Area n is designated for 8-bit access
(n = 7 to 0)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2.2
Bit
Access State Control Register (ASTCR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
AST7
AST6
AST5
AST4
AST3
AST2
AST1
AST0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
ASTCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that designates each area as either a 2-state access
space or a 3-state access space.
ASTCR sets the number of access states for the external memory space. The number of access
states for on-chip memory and internal I/O registers is fixed regardless of the settings in ASTCR.
ASTCR is initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bits 7 to 0—Area 7 to 0 Access State Control (AST7 to AST0): These bits select whether the
corresponding area is to be designated as a 2-state access space or a 3-state access space.
Wait state insertion is enabled or disabled at the same time.
Bit n
ASTn
Description
0
Area n is designated for 2-state access
Wait state insertion in area n external space is disabled
1
Area n is designated for 3-state access
Wait state insertion in area n external space is enabled
(Initial value)
(n = 7 to 0)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2.3
Wait Control Registers H and L (WCRH, WCRL)
WCRH and WCRL are 8-bit readable/writable registers that select the number of program wait
states for each area.
Program waits are not inserted in the case of on-chip memory or internal I/O registers.
WCRH and WCRL are initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. They are not
initialized in software standby mode.
WCRH
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
W71
W70
W61
W60
W51
W50
W41
W40
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bits 7 and 6—Area 7 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W71, W70): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 7 in external space is accessed while the AST7 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 7
W71
Bit 6
W70
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 7 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 7 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 7 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 7 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bits 5 and 4—Area 6 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W61, W60): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 6 in external space is accessed while the AST6 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 5
W61
Bit 4
W60
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 6 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 6 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 6 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 6 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
Bits 3 and 2—Area 5 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W51, W50): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 5 in external space is accessed while the AST5 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 3
W51
Bit 2
W50
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 5 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 5 is accessed
1
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 5 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 5 is accessed
(Initial value)
Bits 1 and 0—Area 4 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W41, W40): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 4 in external space is accessed while the AST4 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 1
W41
Bit 0
W40
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 4 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 4 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 4 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 4 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
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Section 6 Bus Controller
WCRL
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
W31
W30
W21
W20
W11
W10
W01
W00
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bits 7 and 6—Area 3 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W31, W30): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 3 in external space is accessed while the AST3 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 7
W31
Bit 6
W30
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 3 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 3 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 3 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 3 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
Bits 5 and 4—Area 2 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W21, W20): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 2 in external space is accessed while the AST2 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 5
W21
Bit 4
W20
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 2 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 2 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 2 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 2 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bits 3 and 2—Area 1 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W11, W10): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 1 in external space is accessed while the AST1 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 3
W11
Bit 2
W10
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 1 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 1 is accessed
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 1 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 1 is accessed
(Initial value)
1
Bits 1 and 0—Area 0 Wait Control 1 and 0 (W01, W00): These bits select the number of
program wait states when area 0 in external space is accessed while the AST0 bit in ASTCR is set
to 1.
Bit 1
W01
Bit 0
W00
Description
0
0
Program wait not inserted when external space area 0 is accessed
1
1 program wait state inserted when external space area 0 is accessed
1
0
2 program wait states inserted when external space area 0 is accessed
1
3 program wait states inserted when external space area 0 is accessed
(Initial value)
6.2.4
Bit
Bus Control Register H (BCRH)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ICIS1
ICIS0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
BRSTRM BRSTS1 BRSTS0 RMTS2* RMTS1 * RMTS0 *
Note: * This bit is reserved in the H8S/2321.
BCRH is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects enabling or disabling of idle cycle
insertion, and the memory interface for areas 2 to 5 and area 0.
BCRH is initialized to H'D0 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 7—Idle Cycle Insert 1 (ICIS1): Selects whether or not one idle cycle state is to be inserted
between bus cycles when successive external read cycles are performed in different areas.
Bit 7
ICIS1
Description
0
Idle cycle not inserted in case of successive external read cycles in different areas
1
Idle cycle inserted in case of successive external read cycles in different areas
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Idle Cycle Insert 0 (ICIS0): Selects whether or not one idle cycle state is to be inserted
between bus cycles when successive external read and external write cycles are performed .
Bit 6
ICIS0
Description
0
Idle cycle not inserted in case of successive external read and external write cycles
1
Idle cycle inserted in case of successive external read and external write cycles
(Initial value)
Bit 5—Burst ROM Enable (BRSTRM): Selects whether area 0 is used as a burst ROM interface
area.
Bit 5
BRSTRM
Description
0
Area 0 is basic bus interface area
1
Area 0 is burst ROM interface area
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Burst Cycle Select 1 (BRSTS1): Selects the number of burst cycles for the burst ROM
interface.
Bit 4
BRSTS1
Description
0
Burst cycle comprises 1 state
1
Burst cycle comprises 2 states
(Initial value)
Bit 3—Burst Cycle Select 0 (BRSTS0): Selects the number of words that can be accessed in a
burst ROM interface burst access.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 3
BRSTS0
Description
0
Max. 4 words in burst access
1
Max. 8 words in burst access
(Initial value)
Bits 2 to 0—RAM Type Select (RMTS2 to RMTS0): These bits select the memory interface for
areas 2 to 5 in advanced mode.
When DRAM space is selected, the relevant area is designated as a DRAM interface area. In the
H8S/2321 these bits are reserved and should only be written with 0.
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Description
RMTS2
RMTS1
RMTS0
Area 5
0
0
0
Normal space
1
Normal space
1
0
Normal space
1
DRAM space
—
—
—
1
Area 4
Area 3
Area 2
DRAM space
DRAM space
The LCAS pin is used for the LCAS signal on the 2-CAS DRAM interface. If it is wished to use
BREQO output and WAIT input when using the LCAS signal, it is possible to switch to the P53
pin by means of the BREQOPS bit in PFCR2. For details, see section 9.6, Port 5 and section 9.13,
Port F.
Note: This note applies to the H8S/2323 only. If all areas selected as DRAM space are 8-bit
space, the PF2 pin can be used as an I/O port, or as the BREQ0 or WAIT pin. However, if
PF2 is used as the WAIT pin on the H8S/2323 only, normal space other than DRAM space
should be designated as 16-bit bus space. The RAS down mode cannot be used in this
case. Sample settings are shown below.
RMTS2
RMTS1
RMTS0
Area 5
0
0
0
Normal space
1
Normal space
(16-bit bus)
0
Normal space
(16-bit bus)
1
DRAM space
(8-bit bus)
1
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Area 4
Area 3
Area 2
DRAM space
(8-bit bus)
DRAM space
(8-bit bus)
Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2.5
Bit
Bus Control Register L (BCRL)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BRLE
BREQOE
EAE
—
DDS*
—
WDBE*
WAITE
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note: * This bit is reserved in the H8S/2321.
BCRL is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs selection of the external bus-released
state protocol, DMAC single address transfer, enabling or disabling of the write data buffer
function, and enabling or disabling of WAIT pin input.
BCRL is initialized to H'3C by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 7—Bus Release Enable (BRLE): Enables or disables external bus release.
Bit 7
BRLE
Description
0
External bus release is disabled. BREQ, BACK, and BREQO pins can be used as I/O
ports
(Initial value)
1
External bus release is enabled
Bit 6—BREQO Pin Enable (BREQOE): Outputs a signal that requests the external bus master
to drop the bus request signal (BREQ) in the external bus release state, when an internal bus
master performs an external space access, or when a refresh request is generated.
Bit 6
BREQOE
Description
0
BREQO output disabled. BREQO pin can be used as I/O port
1
BREQO output enabled
(Initial value)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 5—External Address Enable (EAE): Selects whether addresses H'010000 to H'03FFFF*2 are
to be internal addresses or external addresses.
Description
Bit 5
0
1
3
H8S/2329B, H8S/2328* ,
H8S/2326
H8S/2327
H8S/2323
1
Addresses H'010000 to
Reserved area*
H'01FFFF are on-chip
ROM or address H'020000
to H'03FFFF are reserved
1
area*
2
Addresses H'010000 to H'03FFFF* are external addresses in external expanded mode
1
or reserved area* in single-chip mode
(Initial value)
On-chip ROM
Notes: 1. Do not access a reserved area.
2. Addresses H'010000 to H'05FFFF in the H8S/2329B.
Addresses H'010000 to H'07FFFF in the H8S/2326.
3. H8S/2328B in F-ZTAT version.
Bit 4—Reserved: Only 1 should be written to this bit.
Bit 3—DACK Timing Select (DDS): Selects the DMAC single address transfer bus timing for
the DRAM interface. In the H8S/2321 this bit is reserved and should only be written with 1.
Bit 3
DDS
0
Description
When DMAC single address transfer is performed in DRAM space, full access is
always executed
DACK signal goes low from Tr or T1 cycle
1
Burst access is possible when DMAC single address transfer is performed in DRAM
space
DACK signal goes low from Tc1 or T2 cycle
Bit 2—Reserved: Only 1 should be written to this bit.
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(Initial value)
Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 1—Write Data Buffer Enable (WDBE): Selects whether or not the write buffer function is
used for an external write cycle or DMAC single address cycle. In the H8S/2321 this bit is
reserved and should only be written with 0.
Bit 1
WDBE
Description
0
Write data buffer function not used
1
Write data buffer function used
(Initial value)
Bit 0—WAIT Pin Enable (WAITE): Selects enabling or disabling of wait input by the WAIT
pin.
Bit 0
WAITE
Description
0
Wait input by WAIT pin disabled. WAIT pin can be used as I/O port
1
Wait input by WAIT pin enabled
6.2.6
Bit
Memory Control Register (MCR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
(Initial value)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TPC
BE
RCDM
—
MXC1
MXC0
RLW1
RLW0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
MCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the DRAM strobe control method, number
of precharge cycles, access mode, address multiplexing shift size, and the number of wait states
inserted during refreshing, when areas 2 to 5 are designated as DRAM interface areas.
MCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Note: In the H8S/2321 this register is reserved and must not be accessed.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 7—TP Cycle Control (TPC): Selects whether a 1-state or 2-state precharge cycle (TP) is to be
used when areas 2 to 5 designated as DRAM space are accessed.
Bit 7
TPC
Description
0
1
1-state precharge cycle is inserted
2-state precharge cycle is inserted
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Burst Access Enable (BE): Selects enabling or disabling of burst access to areas 2 to 5
designated as DRAM space. DRAM space burst access is performed in fast page mode.
Bit 6
BE
Description
0
Burst disabled (always full access)
1
For DRAM space access, access in fast page mode
(Initial value)
Bit 5—RAS Down Mode (RCDM): When areas 2 to 5 are designated as DRAM space and
access to DRAM is interrupted, RCDM selects whether the next DRAM access is waited for with
the RAS signal held low (RAS down mode), or the RAS signal is driven high again (RAS up
mode).
Bit 5
RCDM
Description
0
1
DRAM interface: RAS up mode selected
DRAM interface: RAS down mode selected
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Reserved: Only 0 should be written to this bit.
Bits 3 and 2—Multiplex Shift Count 1 and 0 (MXC1, MXC0): These bits select the size of the
shift to the lower half of the row address in row address/column address multiplexing for the
DRAM interface. In burst operation on the DRAM interface, these bits also select the row address
to be used for comparison.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 3
MXC1
Bit 2
MXC0
Description
0
0
8-bit shift
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
•
When 8-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A8 used
for comparison
•
When 16-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A9 used
for comparison
9-bit shift
•
When 8-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A9 used
for comparison
•
When 16-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A10 used
for comparison
10-bit shift
•
When 8-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A10 used
for comparison
•
When 16-bit access space is designated: Row address A23 to A11 used
for comparison
—
Bits 1 and 0—Refresh Cycle Wait Control 1 and 0 (RLW1, RLW0): These bits select the
number of wait states to be inserted in a DRAM interface CAS-before-RAS refresh cycle. This
setting is used for all areas designated as DRAM space. Wait input by the WAIT pin is disabled.
Bit 1
RLW1
Bit 0
RLW0
Description
0
0
No wait state inserted
1
1 wait state inserted
1
0
2 wait states inserted
1
3 wait states inserted
(Initial value)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2.7
Bit
DRAM Control Register (DRAMCR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RFSHE
RCW
RMODE
CMF
CMIE
CKS2
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
DRAMCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the DRAM refresh mode and refresh
counter clock, and controls the refresh timer.
DRAMCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Note: In the H8S/2321 this register is reserved and must not be accessed.
Bit 7—Refresh Control (RFSHE): Selects whether or not refresh control is performed. When
refresh control is not performed, the refresh timer can be used as an interval timer.
Bit 7
RFSHE
Description
0
Refresh control is not performed
1
Refresh control is performed
(Initial value)
Bit 6—RAS-CAS Wait (RCW): Controls wait state insertion in DRAM interface CAS-beforeRAS refreshing.
Bit 6
RCW
Description
0
Wait state insertion in CAS-before-RAS refreshing disabled
RAS falls in TRr cycle
1
One wait state inserted in CAS-before-RAS refreshing
RAS falls in TRc1 cycle
(Initial value)
Bit 5—Refresh Mode (RMODE): When refresh control is performed (RFSHE = 1), selects
whether or not self-refresh control is performed in software standby mode.
Bit 5
RMODE
Description
0
Self-refreshing is not performed in software standby mode
1
Self-refreshing is performed in software standby mode
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(Initial value)
Section 6 Bus Controller
Bit 4—Compare Match Flag (CMF): Status flag that indicates a match between the values of
RTCNT and RTCOR.
When refresh control is performed (RFSHE = 1), 1 should be written to the CMF bit when writing
to DRAMCR.
Bit 4
CMF
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
Cleared by reading the CMF flag when CMF = 1, then writing 0 to the CMF flag
(Initial value)
1
[Setting condition]
Set when RTCNT = RTCOR
Bit 3—Compare Match Interrupt Enable (CMIE): Enables or disables interrupt requests (CMI)
by the CMF flag when the CMF flag in DRAMCR is set to 1.
When refresh control is performed (RFSHE = 1), the CMIE bit is always cleared to 0.
Bit 3
CMIE
Description
0
Interrupt request (CMI) by CMF flag disabled
1
Interrupt request (CMI) by CMF flag enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 2 to 0—Refresh Counter Clock Select (CKS2 to CKS0): These bits select the clock to be
input to RTCNT from among 7 internal clocks obtained by dividing the system clock (φ). When
the input clock is selected with bits CKS2 to CKS0, RTCNT begins counting up.
Bit 2
CKS2
Bit 1
CKS1
Bit 0
CKS0
Description
0
0
0
Count operation disabled
1
Count uses φ/2
0
Count uses φ/8
1
Count uses φ/32
0
Count uses φ/128
1
Count uses φ/512
0
Count uses φ/2048
1
Count uses φ/4096
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.2.8
Bit
Refresh Timer Counter (RTCNT)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
RTCNT is an 8-bit readable/writable up-counter.
RTCNT counts up using the internal clock selected by bits CKS2 to CKS0 in DRAMCR.
When RTCNT matches RTCOR (compare match), the CMF flag in DRAMCR is set to 1 and
RTCNT is cleared to H'00. If the RFSHE bit in DRAMCR is set to 1 at this time, a refresh cycle is
started. Also, if the CMIE bit in DRAMCR is set to 1, a compare match interrupt (CMI) is
generated.
RTCNT is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Note: In the H8S/2321 this register is reserved and must not be accessed.
6.2.9
Bit
Refresh Time Constant Register (RTCOR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
RTCOR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that sets the period for compare match operations
with RTCNT.
The values of RTCOR and RTCNT are constantly compared, and if they match, the CMF flag in
DRAMCR is set to 1 and RTCNT is cleared to H'00.
RTCOR is initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Note: In the H8S/2321 this register is reserved and must not be accessed.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.3
Overview of Bus Control
6.3.1
Area Partitioning
In advanced mode, the bus controller partitions the 16-Mbyte address space into eight areas, 0 to
7, in 2-Mbyte units, and performs bus control for external space in area units. Figure 6.2 shows an
outline of the memory map.
Chip select signals (CS0 to CS7) can be output for each area.
H'000000
Area 0
(2 Mbytes)
H'1FFFFF
H'200000
Area 1
(2 Mbytes)
H'3FFFFF
H'400000
Area 2
(2 Mbytes)
H'5FFFFF
H'600000
Area 3
(2 Mbytes)
H'7FFFFF
H'800000
Area 4
(2 Mbytes)
H'9FFFFF
H'A00000
Area 5
(2 Mbytes)
H'BFFFFF
H'C00000
Area 6
(2 Mbytes)
H'DFFFFF
H'E00000
Area 7
(2 Mbytes)
H'FFFFFF
Advanced mode
Figure 6.2 Overview of Area Partitioning
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.3.2
Bus Specifications
The external space bus specifications consist of three elements: bus width, number of access
states, and number of program wait states.
The bus width and number of access states for on-chip memory and internal I/O registers are
fixed, and are not affected by the bus controller.
Bus Width: A bus width of 8 or 16 bits can be selected with ABWCR. An area for which an 8-bit
bus is selected functions as an 8-bit access space, and an area for which a 16-bit bus is selected
functions as a16-bit access space.
If all areas are designated for 8-bit access, 8-bit bus mode is set; if any area is designated for 16-bit
access, 16-bit bus mode is set. When the burst ROM interface is designated, 16-bit bus mode is
always set.
Number of Access States: Two or three access states can be selected with ASTCR. An area for
which 2-state access is selected functions as a 2-state access space, and an area for which 3-state
access is selected functions as a 3-state access space.
With the DRAM interface* and burst ROM interface, the number of access states may be
determined without regard to ASTCR.
When 2-state access space is designated, wait insertion is disabled.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Number of Program Wait States: When 3-state access space is designated by ASTCR, the
number of program wait states to be inserted automatically is selected with WCRH and WCRL.
From 0 to 3 program wait states can be selected.
Table 6.3 shows the bus specifications for each basic bus interface area.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Table 6.3
Bus Specifications for Each Area (Basic Bus Interface)
WCRH, WCRL
Bus Specifications (Basic Bus Interface)
ABWCR
ABWn
ASTCR
ASTn
Wn1
Wn0
Bus Width
Program Wait
Access States States
0
0
—
—
16
2
0
1
0
0
3
0
1
1
1
0
2
1
3
1
6.3.3
0
—
—
8
2
0
1
0
0
3
0
1
1
1
0
2
1
3
Memory Interfaces
The chip’s memory interfaces comprise a basic bus interface that allows direct connection of
ROM, SRAM, and so on; a DRAM interface* that allows direct connection of DRAM; and a burst
ROM interface that allows direct connection of burst ROM. The interface can be selected
independently for each area.
An area for which the basic bus interface is designated functions as normal space, an area for
which the DRAM interface* is designated functions as DRAM space, and an area for which the
burst ROM interface is designated functions as burst ROM space.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.3.4
Advanced Mode
The initial state of each area is basic bus interface, 3-state access space. The initial bus width is
selected according to the operating mode. The bus specifications described here cover basic items
only, and the sections on each memory interface (6.4, Basic Bus Interface, 6.5, DRAM Interface
(Not supported in the H8S/2321), and 6.7, Burst ROM Interface) should be referred to for further
details.
Area 0: Area 0 includes on-chip ROM*1, and in ROM-disabled expansion mode, all of area 0 is
external space. In the ROM-enabled expansion mode, the space excluding on-chip ROM*1 is
external space.
When area 0 external space is accessed, the CS0 signal can be output.
Either basic bus interface or burst ROM interface can be selected for area 0.
Areas 1 and 6: In external expansion mode, all of area 1 and area 6 is external space.
When area 1 and 6 external space is accessed, the CS1 and CS6 pin signals respectively can be
output.
Only the basic bus interface can be used for areas 1 and 6.
Areas 2 to 5: In external expansion mode, all of area 2 to area 5 is external space.
When area 2 to 5 external space is accessed, signals CS2 to CS5 can be output.
Basic bus interface or DRAM interface*2 can be selected for areas 2 to 5. With the DRAM
interface*2, signals CS2 to CS5 are used as RAS signals.
Area 7: Area 7 includes the on-chip RAM and internal I/O registers. In external expansion mode,
the space excluding the on-chip RAM and internal I/O registers is external space. The on-chip
RAM is enabled when the RAME bit in the system control register (SYSCR) is set to 1; when the
RAME bit is cleared to 0, the on-chip RAM is disabled and the corresponding space becomes
external space .
When area 7 external space is accessed, the CS7 signal can be output.
Only the basic bus interface can be used for the area 7 memory interface.
Notes: 1. Only applies to versions with ROM.
2. The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.3.5
Chip Select Signals
The chip can output chip select signals (CS0 to CS7) to areas 0 to 7, the signal being driven low
when the corresponding external space area is accessed.
Figure 6.3 shows an example of CSn (n = 0 to 7) output timing.
Enabling or disabling of the CSn signal is performed by setting the data direction register (DDR)
for the port corresponding to the particular CSn pin and either the CS167 enable bit (CS167E) or
the CS25 enable bit (CS25E).
In ROM-disabled expansion mode, the CS0 pin is placed in the output state after a power-on reset.
Pins CS1 to CS7 are placed in the input state after a power-on reset, so the corresponding DDR
bits, and CS167E or CS25E, should be set to 1 when outputting signals CS1 to CS7.
In ROM-enabled expansion mode, pins CS0 to CS7 are all placed in the input state after a poweron reset, so the corresponding DDR bits, and CS167E or CS25E, should be set to 1 when
outputting signals CS0 to CS7.
For details, see section 9, I/O Ports.
When areas 2 to 5 are designated as DRAM space*, outputs CS2 to CS5 are used as RAS signals.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Bus cycle
T1
T2
T3
φ
Address bus
Area n external address
CSn
Figure 6.3 CSn Signal Output Timing (n = 0 to 7)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.4
Basic Bus Interface
6.4.1
Overview
The basic bus interface enables direct connection of ROM, SRAM, and so on.
The bus specifications can be selected with ABWCR, ASTCR, WCRH, and WCRL. (See table
6.3.)
6.4.2
Data Size and Data Alignment
Data sizes for the CPU and other internal bus masters are byte, word, and longword. The bus
controller has a data alignment function, and when accessing external space, controls whether the
upper data bus (D15 to D8) or lower data bus (D7 to D0) is used according to the bus specifications
for the area being accessed (8-bit access space or 16-bit access space) and the data size.
8-Bit Access Space: Figure 6.4 illustrates data alignment control for the 8-bit access space. With
the 8-bit access space, the upper data bus (D15 to D8) is always used for accesses. The amount of
data that can be accessed at one time is one byte: a word transfer instruction is performed as two
byte accesses, and a longword transfer instruction, as four byte accesses.
Upper data bus
Lower data bus
D15
D8 D7
D0
Byte size
Word size
1st bus cycle
2nd bus cycle
1st bus cycle
Longword size
2nd bus cycle
3rd bus cycle
4th bus cycle
Figure 6.4 Access Sizes and Data Alignment Control (8-Bit Access Space)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
16-Bit Access Space: Figure 6.5 illustrates data alignment control for the 16-bit access space.
With the 16-bit access space, the upper data bus (D15 to D8) and lower data bus (D7 to D0) are used
for accesses. The amount of data that can be accessed at one time is one byte or one word, and a
longword transfer instruction is executed as two word transfer instructions.
In byte access, whether the upper or lower data bus is used is determined by whether the address is
even or odd. The upper data bus is used for an even address, and the lower data bus for an odd
address.
Upper data bus
Lower data bus
D15
D8 D7
D0
Byte size
• Even address
Byte size
• Odd address
Word size
Longword
size
1st bus cycle
2nd bus cycle
Figure 6.5 Access Sizes and Data Alignment Control (16-Bit Access Space)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.4.3
Valid Strobes
Table 6.4 shows the data buses used and valid strobes for the access spaces.
In a read, the RD signal is valid without discrimination between the upper and lower halves of the
data bus.
In a write, the HWR signal is valid for the upper half of the data bus, and the LWR signal for the
lower half.
Table 6.4
Area
8-bit access
space
Data Buses Used and Valid Strobes
Access Read/
Size
Write
Address
Valid
Strobe
Upper Data Bus
(D15 to D8)
Lower Data Bus
(D7 to D0)
Byte
Read
—
RD
Valid
Invalid
Write
—
HWR
Read
Even
RD
16-bit access Byte
space
Word
Odd
Hi-Z
Valid
Invalid
Invalid
Valid
Valid
Hi-Z
Write
Even
HWR
Odd
LWR
Hi-Z
Valid
Read
—
RD
Valid
Valid
Write
—
HWR, LWR Valid
Valid
Notes: Hi-Z: High impedance
Invalid: Input state; input value is ignored.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.4.4
Basic Timing
8-Bit 2-State Access Space: Figure 6.6 shows the bus timing for an 8-bit 2-state access space.
When an 8-bit access space is accessed, the upper half (D15 to D8) of the data bus is used.
The LWR pin is fixed high. Wait states cannot be inserted.
Bus cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Invalid
HWR
LWR
High
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
Valid
High impedance
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.6 Bus Timing for 8-Bit 2-State Access Space
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Section 6 Bus Controller
8-Bit 3-State Access Space: Figure 6.7 shows the bus timing for an 8-bit 3-state access space.
When an 8-bit access space is accessed, the upper half (D15 to D8) of the data bus is used.
The LWR pin is fixed high. Wait states can be inserted.
Bus cycle
T1
T2
T3
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Invalid
HWR
LWR
High
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
Valid
High impedance
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.7 Bus Timing for 8-Bit 3-State Access Space
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Section 6 Bus Controller
16-Bit 2-State Access Space: Figures 6.8 to 6.10 show bus timings for a 16-bit 2-state access
space. When a 16-bit access space is accessed, the upper half (D15 to D8) of the data bus is used for
the even address, and the lower half (D7 to D0) for the odd address.
Wait states cannot be inserted.
Bus cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Invalid
HWR
LWR
High
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
Valid
High impedance
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.8 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 2-State Access Space (1) (Even Address Byte Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bus cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Invalid
D7 to D0
Valid
HWR
High
LWR
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
High impedance
Valid
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.9 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 2-State Access Space (2) (Odd Address Byte Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bus cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Valid
HWR
LWR
Write
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Valid
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.10 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 2-State Access Space (3) (Word Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
16-Bit 3-State Access Space: Figures 6.11 to 6.13 show bus timings for a 16-bit 3-state access
space. When a 16-bit access space is accessed , the upper half (D15 to D8) of the data bus is used
for the even address, and the lower half (D7 to D0) for the odd address.
Wait states can be inserted.
Bus cycle
T1
T2
T3
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Invalid
HWR
LWR
High
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
Valid
High impedance
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.11 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 3-State Access Space (1) (Even Address Byte Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bus cycle
T1
T2
T3
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Invalid
D7 to D0
Valid
HWR
High
LWR
Write
D15 to D8
D7 to D0
High impedance
Valid
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.12 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 3-State Access Space (2) (Odd Address Byte Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Bus cycle
T1
T2
T3
φ
Address bus
CSn
AS
RD
Read
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Valid
HWR
LWR
Write
D15 to D8
Valid
D7 to D0
Valid
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.13 Bus Timing for 16-Bit 3-State Access Space (3) (Word Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.4.5
Wait Control
When accessing external space, the chip can extend the bus cycle by inserting one or more wait
states (Tw). There are two ways of inserting wait states: program wait insertion and pin wait
insertion using the WAIT pin.
Program Wait Insertion: From 0 to 3 wait states can be inserted automatically between the T2
state and T3 state on an individual area basis in 3-state access space, according to the settings of
WCRH and WCRL.
Pin Wait Insertion: Setting the WAITE bit in BCRL to 1 enables wait insertion by means of the
WAIT pin. When external space is accessed in this state, program wait insertion is first carried out
according to the settings in WCRH and WCRL. Then, if the WAIT pin is low at the falling edge of
φ in the last T2 or Tw state, a Tw state is inserted. If the WAIT pin is held low, Tw states are
inserted until it goes high.
This is useful when inserting four or more Tw states, or when changing the number of Tw states for
different external devices.
The WAITE bit setting applies to all areas. The WAITPS bit can be used to change the WAIT
input pin from PF2 to P53. To make this change, select the input pin with the WAITPS bit, then set
the WAITE bit.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Figure 6.14 shows an example of wait state insertion timing.
By program wait
T1
T2
Tw
By WAIT pin
Tw
Tw
T3
φ
WAIT
Address bus
AS
RD
Read
Data bus
Read data
HWR, LWR
Write
Data bus
Note:
Write data
indicates the timing of WAIT pin sampling.
Figure 6.14 Example of Wait State Insertion Timing
The settings after a power-on reset are: 3-state access, 3 program wait state insertion, and WAIT
input disabled.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5
DRAM Interface (Not supported in the H8S/2321)
6.5.1
Overview
When the chip is in advanced mode, external space areas 2 to 5 can be designated as DRAM
space, and DRAM interfacing performed. With the DRAM interface, DRAM can be directly
connected to the chip. A DRAM space of 2, 4, or 8 Mbytes can be set by means of bits RMTS2 to
RMTS0 in BCRH. Burst operation is also possible, using fast page mode.
6.5.2
Setting DRAM Space
Areas 2 to 5 are designated as DRAM space by setting bits RMTS2 to RMTS0 in BCRH. The
relation between the settings of bits RMTS2 to RMTS0 and DRAM space is shown in table 6.5.
Possible DRAM space settings are: one area (area 2), two areas (areas 2 and 3), and four areas
(areas 2 to 5).
Table 6.5
Settings of Bits RMTS2 to RMTS0 and Corresponding DRAM Spaces
RMTS2
RMTS1
RMTS0
Area 5
0
0
1
Normal space
1
0
Normal space
1
DRAM space
Area 4
Area 3
Area 2
DRAM space
DRAM space
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.3
Address Multiplexing
With DRAM space, the row address and column address are multiplexed. In address multiplexing,
the size of the shift of the row address is selected with bits MXC1 and MXC0 in MCR. Table 6.6
shows the relation between the settings of MXC1 and MXC0 and the shift size.
Table 6.6
Address Multiplexing Settings by Bits MXC1 and MXC0
MCR
Shift
MXC1 MXC0 Size
0
Row
address
0
1
9 bits
A23 to A13 A12 A20 A19 A18 A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9
1
0
10 bits
A23 to A13 A12 A11 A20 A19 A18 A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10
1
—
Setting
prohibited
—
—
Column —
address
6.5.4
8 bits
Address Pins
A23 to A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
A23 to A13 A20 A19 A18 A17 A16 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8
— — — — — — — — — — — — —
A23 to A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
Data Bus
If the bit in ABWCR corresponding to an area designated as DRAM space is set to 1, that area is
designated as 8-bit DRAM space; if the bit is cleared to 0, the area is designated as 16-bit DRAM
space. In 16-bit DRAM space, ×16-bit configuration DRAM can be connected directly.
In 8-bit DRAM space the upper half of the data bus, D15 to D8, is enabled, while in 16-bit DRAM
space both the upper and lower halves of the data bus, D15 to D0, are enabled.
Access sizes and data alignment are the same as for the basic bus interface. For details, see section
6.4.2, Data Size and Data Alignment.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.5
Pins Used for DRAM Interface
Table 6.7 shows the pins used for DRAM interfacing and their functions.
Table 6.7
DRAM Interface Pins
Pin
With DRAM
Setting
Name
I/O
Function
HWR
WE
Write enable
Output
When 2-CAS system is set,
write enable for DRAM space
access
LCAS
LCAS
Lower column address
strobe
Output
Lower column address strobe
for 16-bit DRAM space access
CS2
RAS2
Row address strobe 2
Output
Row address strobe when area
2 is designated as DRAM space
CS3
RAS3
Row address strobe 3
Output
Row address strobe when area
3 is designated as DRAM space
CS4
RAS4
Row address strobe 4
Output
Row address strobe when area
4 is designated as DRAM space
CS5
RAS5
Row address strobe 5
Output
Row address strobe when area
5 is designated as DRAM space
CAS
UCAS
Upper column address
strobe
Output
Upper column address strobe
for DRAM space access
WAIT
WAIT
Wait
Input
Wait request signal
A12 to A0
A12 to A0
Address pins
Output
Row address/column address
multiplexed output
D15 to D0
D15 to D0
Data pins
I/O
Data input/output pins
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.6
Basic Timing
Figure 6.15 shows the basic access timing for DRAM space. The basic DRAM access timing is 4
states. Unlike the basic bus interface, the corresponding bits in ASTCR control only enabling or
disabling of wait insertion, and do not affect the number of access states. When the corresponding
bit in ASTCR is cleared to 0, wait states cannot be inserted in the DRAM access cycle.
The 4 states of the basic timing consist of one Tp (precharge cycle) state, one Tr (row address
output cycle), and two Tc (column address output cycle) states, Tc1 and Tc2.
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
HWR (WE)
Read
D15 to D0
HWR (WE)
Write
D15 to D0
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.15 Basic Access Timing
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Column
Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.7
Precharge State Control
When DRAM is accessed, an RAS precharging time must be secured. With the chip, one Tp state
is always inserted when DRAM space is accessed. This can be changed to two Tp states by setting
the TPC bit in MCR to 1. Set the appropriate number of Tp cycles according to the DRAM
connected and the operating frequency of the chip. Figure 6.16 shows the timing when two Tp
states are inserted.
When the TCP bit is set to 1, two Tp states are also used for refresh cycles.
Tp1
Tp2
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
Column
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
HWR (WE)
Read
D15 to D0
HWR (WE)
Write
D15 to D0
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.16 Timing with 2-State Precharge Cycle
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.8
Wait Control
There are two ways of inserting wait states in a DRAM access cycle: program wait insertion and
pin wait insertion using the WAIT pin.
Program Wait Insertion: When the bit in ASTCR corresponding to an area designated as DRAM
space is set to 1, from 0 to 3 wait states can be inserted automatically between the Tc1 state and Tc2
state, according to the settings of WCRH and WCRL.
Pin Wait Insertion: When the WAITE bit in BCRH is set to 1, wait input by means of the WAIT
pin is enabled regardless of the setting of the AST bit in ASTCR. When DRAM space is accessed
in this state, a program wait is first inserted. If the WAIT pin is low at the falling edge of φ in the
last Tc1 or Tw state, another Tw state is inserted. If the WAIT pin is held low, Tw states are inserted
until it goes high.
Figure 6.17 shows an example of wait state insertion timing.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
By program wait
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tw
By WAIT pin
Tw
Tc2
φ
WAIT*
Address bus
CSn (RAS)
CAS
Read
Data bus
Read data
CAS
Write
Data bus
Notes:
Write data
indicates the timing of WAIT pin sampling.
n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.17 Example of Wait State Insertion Timing
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.9
Byte Access Control
When DRAM with a ×16 configuration is connected, the 2-CAS system can be used for the
control signals required for byte access.
Figure 6.18 shows the control timing in the 2-CAS system, and figure 6.19 shows an example of
2-CAS type DRAM connection.
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
Column
CSn (RAS)
CAS
Byte control
LCAS
HWR (WE)
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.18 2-CAS System Control Timing (Upper Byte Write Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Chip
(Address shift size set to 9 bits)
CS (RAS)
2-CAS type 4-Mbit DRAM
256-kbyte × 16-bit configuration
9-bit column address
RAS
CAS
UCAS
LCAS
LCAS
HWR (WE)
WE
A9
A8
A8
A7
A7
A6
A6
A5
A5
A4
A4
A3
A3
A2
A2
A1
A1
A0
D15 to D0
Row address
input: A8 to A0
Column address
input: A8 to A0
D15 to D0
OE
Figure 6.19 Example of 2-CAS DRAM Connection
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.10
Burst Operation
With DRAM, in addition to full access (normal access) in which data is accessed by outputting a
row address for each access, a fast page mode is also provided which can be used when making a
number of consecutive accesses to the same row address. This mode enables fast (burst) access of
data by simply changing the column address after the row address has been output. Burst access
can be selected by setting the BE bit in MCR to 1.
Burst Access (Fast Page Mode) Operation Timing: Figure 6.20 shows the operation timing for
burst access. When there are consecutive access cycles for DRAM space, the CAS signal and
column address output cycles (two states) continue as long as the row address is the same for
consecutive access cycles. The row address used for the comparison is set with bits MXC1 and
MXC0 in MCR.
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
Column 1
Column 2
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
HWR (WE)
Read
D15 to D0
HWR (WE)
Write
D15 to D0
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.20 Operation Timing in Fast Page Mode
The bus cycle can also be extended in burst access by inserting wait states. The wait state insertion
method and timing are the same as for full access. For details, see section 6.5.8, Wait Control.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
RAS Down Mode and RAS Up Mode: Even when burst operation is selected, it may happen that
access to DRAM space is not continuous, but is interrupted by access to another space. In this
case, if the RAS signal is held low during the access to the other space, burst operation can be
resumed when the same row address in DRAM space is accessed again.
•
RAS down mode
To select RAS down mode, set the RCDM bit in MCR to 1. If access to DRAM space is
interrupted and another space is accessed, the RAS signal is held low during the access to the
other space, and burst access is performed if the row address of the next DRAM space access
is the same as the row address of the previous DRAM space access. Figure 6.21 shows an
example of the timing in RAS down mode.
Note, however, that the RAS signal will go high if a refresh operation interrupts RAS down
mode.
DRAM access
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
External space
access
T1
T2
DRAM access
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
D15 to D0
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.21 Example of Operation Timing in RAS Down Mode
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Section 6 Bus Controller
•
RAS up mode
To select RAS up mode, clear the RCDM bit in MCR to 0. Each time access to DRAM space
is interrupted and another space is accessed, the RAS signal goes high again. Burst operation is
only performed if DRAM space is continuous. Figure 6.22 shows an example of the timing in
RAS up mode.
In the case of burst ROM space access, the RAS signal is not restored to the high level.
DRAM access
Tp
Tr
Tc1
DRAM access
Tc2
Tc1
Tc2
External space
access
T1
T2
φ
A23 to A0
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
D15 to D0
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.22 Example of Operation Timing in RAS Up Mode
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.5.11
Refresh Control
The chip is provided with a DRAM refresh control function. Either of two refreshing methods can
be selected: CAS-before-RAS (CBR) refreshing, or self-refreshing.
CAS-before-RAS (CBR) Refreshing: To select CBR refreshing, set the RFSHE bit in DRAMCR
to 1, and clear the RMODE bit to 0.
With CBR refreshing, RTCNT counts up using the input clock selected by bits CKS2 to CKS0 in
DRAMCR, and when the count matches the value set in RTCOR (compare match), refresh control
is performed. At the same time, RTCNT is reset and starts counting again from H'00. Refreshing is
thus repeated at fixed intervals determined by RTCOR and bits CKS2 to CKS0. Set a value in
RTCOR and bits CKS2 to CKS0 that will meet the refreshing interval specification for the DRAM
used.
When bits CKS2 to CKS0 are set, RTCNT starts counting up. RTCNT and RTCOR settings
should therefore be completed before setting bits CKS2 to CKS0.
Do not clear the CMF flag when refresh control is being performed (RFSHE = 1).
RTCNT operation is shown in figure 6.23, compare match timing in figure 6.24, and CBR refresh
timing in figure 6.25.
Access to other normal space can be performed during the CBR refresh interval.
RTCNT
RTCOR
H'00
Refresh request
Figure 6.23 RTCNT Operation
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Section 6 Bus Controller
φ
RTCNT
N
H'00
RTCOR
N
Refresh request signal
and CMF bit setting signal
Figure 6.24 Compare Match Timing
TRp
TRr
TRc1
TRc2
φ
CS (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.25 CBR Refresh Timing
When the RCW bit is set to 1, RAS signal output is delayed by one cycle. The width of the RAS
signal should be adjusted with bits RLW1 and RLW0. These bits are only enabled in refresh
operations.
Figure 6.26 shows the timing when the RCW bit is set to 1.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
TRp
TRr
TRc1
TRw
TRc2
φ
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.26 CBR Refresh Timing (When RCW = 1, RLW1 = 0, RLW0 = 1)
Self-Refreshing: A self-refresh mode (battery backup mode) is provided for DRAM as a kind of
standby mode. In this mode, refresh timing and refresh addresses are generated within the DRAM.
To select self-refreshing, set the RFSHE bit and RMODE bit in DRAMCR to 1. Then, when a
SLEEP instruction is executed to enter software standby mode, the CAS and RAS signals are
output and DRAM enters self-refresh mode, as shown in figure 6.27.
When software standby mode is exited, the RMODE bit is cleared to 0 and self-refresh mode is
cleared.
When switching to software standby mode, if there is a CBR refresh request, CBR refreshing is
executed before self-refresh mode is entered.
TRp
Software
standby
TRcr
TRc3
φ
CSn (RAS)
CAS, LCAS
HWR (WE)
High
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.27 Self-Refresh Timing
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.6
DMAC Single Address Mode and DRAM Interface
(Not supported in the H8S/2321)
When burst mode is selected with the DRAM interface, the DACK output timing can be selected
with the DDS bit. When DRAM space is accessed in DMAC single address mode at the same
time, this bit selects whether or not burst access is to be performed.
6.6.1
When DDS = 1
Burst access is performed by determining the address only, irrespective of the bus master. The
DACK output goes low from the TC1 state in the case of the DRAM interface.
Figure 6.28 shows the DACK output timing for the DRAM interface when DDS = 1.
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
Column
CSn (RAS)
CAS (UCAS)
LCAS (LCAS)
HWR (WE)
Read
D15 to D0
HWR (WE)
Write
D15 to D0
DACK
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.28 DACK Output Timing when DDS = 1 (Example of DRAM Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.6.2
When DDS = 0
When DRAM space is accessed in DMAC single address mode, full access (normal access) is
always performed. The DACK output goes low from the Tr state in the case of the DRAM
interface.
In modes other than DMAC single address mode, burst access can be used when accessing DRAM
space.
Figure 6.29 shows the DACK output timing for the DRAM interface when DDS = 0.
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
A23 to A0
Row
Column
CSn (RAS)
CAS (UCAS)
LCAS (LCAS)
HWR (WE)
Read
D15 to D0
HWR (WE)
Write
D15 to D0
DACK
Note: n = 2 to 5
Figure 6.29 DACK Output Timing when DDS = 0 (Example of DRAM Access)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.7
Burst ROM Interface
6.7.1
Overview
With the chip, external space area 0 can be designated as burst ROM space, and burst ROM
interfacing can be performed. The burst ROM space interface enables 16-bit configuration ROM
with burst access capability to be accessed at high speed.
Area 0 can be designated as burst ROM space by means of the BRSTRM bit in BCRH.
Consecutive burst accesses of a maximum of 4 words or 8 words can be performed for CPU
instruction fetches only. One or two states can be selected for burst access.
6.7.2
Basic Timing
The number of states in the initial cycle (full access) of the burst ROM interface is in accordance
with the setting of the AST0 bit in ASTCR. Also, when the AST0 bit is set to 1, wait state
insertion is possible. One or two states can be selected for the burst cycle, according to the setting
of the BRSTS1 bit in BCRH. Wait states cannot be inserted. When area 0 is designated as burst
ROM space, it becomes 16-bit access space regardless of the setting of the ABW0 bit in ABWCR.
When the BRSTS0 bit in BCRH is cleared to 0, burst access of up to 4 words is performed; when
the BRSTS0 bit is set to 1, burst access of up to 8 words is performed.
The basic access timing for burst ROM space is shown in figures 6.30 (a) and (b). The timing
shown in figure 6.30 (a) is for the case where the AST0 and BRSTS1 bits are both set to 1, and
that in figure 6.30 (b) is for the case where both these bits are cleared to 0.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Full access
T1
T2
Burst access
T3
T1
T2
T1
T2
φ
Only lower address changed
Address bus
CS0
AS
RD
Data bus
Read data
Read data
Read data
Figure 6.30 (a) Example of Burst ROM Access Timing (When AST0 = BRSTS1 = 1)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Full access
T1
T2
Burst access
T1
T1
φ
Only lower address changed
Address bus
CS0
AS
RD
Data bus
Read data
Read data Read data
Figure 6.30 (b) Example of Burst ROM Access Timing (When AST0 = BRSTS1 = 0)
6.7.3
Wait Control
As with the basic bus interface, either program wait insertion or pin wait insertion using the WAIT
pin can be used in the initial cycle (full access) of the burst ROM interface. See section 6.4.5, Wait
Control.
Wait states cannot be inserted in a burst cycle.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.8
Idle Cycle
6.8.1
Operation
When the chip accesses external space, it can insert a 1-state idle cycle (TI) between bus cycles in
the following two cases: (1) when read accesses in different areas occur consecutively, and (2)
when a write cycle occurs immediately after a read cycle. By inserting an idle cycle it is possible,
for example, to avoid data collisions between ROM, with a long output floating time, and highspeed memory, I/O interfaces, and so on.
Consecutive Reads in Different Areas: If consecutive reads in different areas occur while the
ICIS1 bit in BCRH is set to 1, an idle cycle is inserted at the start of the second read cycle. This is
enabled in advanced mode.
Figure 6.31 shows an example of the operation in this case. In this example, bus cycle A is a read
cycle from ROM with a long output floating time, and bus cycle B is a read cycle from SRAM,
each being located in a different area. In (a), an idle cycle is not inserted, and a collision occurs in
cycle B between the read data from ROM and that from SRAM. In (b), an idle cycle is inserted,
and a data collision is prevented.
Bus cycle A
φ
T1
T2
Bus cycle B
T3
T1
Bus cycle A
T2
φ
Address bus
Address bus
CS (area A)
CS (area A)
CS (area B)
CS (area B)
RD
RD
Data bus
Data bus
Long output
floating time
(a) Idle cycle not inserted
(ICIS1 = 0)
T1
T2
T3
Bus cycle B
TI
T1
T2
Data
collision
(b) Idle cycle inserted
(ICIS1 = 1 (initial value))
Figure 6.31 Example of Idle Cycle Operation (1)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Write after Read: If an external write occurs after an external read while the ICIS0 bit in BCRH
is set to 1, an idle cycle is inserted at the start of the write cycle.
Figure 6.32 shows an example of the operation in this case. In this example, bus cycle A is a read
cycle from ROM with a long output floating time, and bus cycle B is a CPU write cycle. In (a), an
idle cycle is not inserted, and a collision occurs in cycle B between the read data from ROM and
the CPU write data. In (b), an idle cycle is inserted, and a data collision is prevented.
Bus cycle A
φ
T1
T2
Bus cycle B
T3
T1
Bus cycle A
T2
φ
Address bus
Address bus
CS (area A)
CS (area A)
CS (area B)
CS (area B)
RD
RD
HWR
HWR
Data bus
Data bus
Long output
floating time
T1
T2
T3
Bus cycle B
TI
T1
Data
collision
(a) Idle cycle not inserted
(ICIS0 = 0)
(b) Idle cycle inserted
(ICIS0 = 1 (initial value))
Figure 6.32 Example of Idle Cycle Operation (2)
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T2
Section 6 Bus Controller
Relationship between Chip Select (CS) Signal and Read (RD) Signal: Depending on the
system’s load conditions, the RD signal may lag behind the CS signal. An example is shown in
figure 6.33.
In this case, with the setting for no idle cycle insertion (a), there may be a period of overlap
between the bus cycle A RD signal and the bus cycle B CS signal.
Setting idle cycle insertion, as in (b), however, will prevent any overlap between the RD and CS
signals.
In the initial state after reset release, idle cycle insertion (b) is set.
Bus cycle A
φ
T1
T2
T3
Bus cycle B
T1
T2
Bus cycle A
φ
Address bus
Address bus
CS (area A)
CS (area A)
CS (area B)
CS (area B)
RD
RD
T1
T2
T3
Bus cycle B
TI
T1
T2
Possibility of overlap between
CS (area B) and RD
(a) Idle cycle not inserted
(ICIS1 = 0)
(b) Idle cycle inserted
(ICIS1 = 1 (initial value))
Figure 6.33 Relationship between Chip Select (CS) and Read (RD)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
Usage Notes: When DRAM space* is accessed, the ICIS0 and ICIS1 bit settings are disabled. In
the case of consecutive reads between different areas, for example, if the second access is a
DRAM access*, only a Tp cycle is inserted, and a TI cycle is not. The timing in this case is shown
in figure 6.34.
However, in burst access in RAS down mode these settings are enabled, and an idle cycle is
inserted. The timing in this case is shown in figures 6.35 (a) and (b).
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
External read
T1
T2
T3
DRAM space read
Tp
Tr
Tc1
Tc2
φ
Address bus
RD
Data bus
Figure 6.34 Example of DRAM Access after External Read
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Section 6 Bus Controller
DRAM space read
Tp
Tr
Tc1
External read
Tc2
T1
T1
T2
DRAM space read
T3
Tc1
Tc1
Tc2
EXTAL
Address
RD
RAS
CAS, LCAS
Data bus
Idle cycle
Figure 6.35 (a) Example of Idle Cycle Operation in RAS Down Mode (ICIS1 = 1)
DRAM space read
Tp
Tr
Tc1
External read
Tc2
T1
T1
T2
DRAM space write
T3
Tc1
Tc1
Tc2
EXTAL
Address
RD
HWR
RAS
CAS, LCAS
Data bus
Idle cycle
Figure 6.35 (b) Example of Idle Cycle Operation in RAS Down Mode (ICIS0 = 1)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.8.2
Pin States in Idle Cycle
Table 6.8 shows the pin states in an idle cycle.
Table 6.8
Pin States in Idle Cycle
Pins
Pin State
A23 to A0
Contents of next bus cycle
D15 to D0
2
CSn*
High impedance
1
High*
CAS*
High
AS
High
RD
High
HWR
High
LWR
High
4
3 4
DACKm* *
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
High
Remains low in DRAM space RAS down mode or a refresh cycle.
n = 0 to 7
m = 0 and 1
The CAS and DACKm pin functions are not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.9
Write Data Buffer Function
The chip has a write data buffer function in the external data bus. Using the write data buffer
function enables external writes and DMA single address mode transfers to be executed in parallel
with internal accesses. The write data buffer function is made available by setting the WDBE bit
in BCRL to 1.
Figure 6.36 shows an example of the timing when the write data buffer function is used. When this
function is used, if an external write or DMA single address mode transfer* continues for 2 states
or longer, and there is an internal access next, only an external write is executed in the first state,
but from the next state onward an internal access (on-chip memory or internal I/O register
read/write) is executed in parallel with the external write rather than waiting until it ends.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
On-chip memory read Internal I/O register read
External write cycle
T1
T2
TW
TW
T3
Internal address bus
Internal memory
Internal I/O register address
Internal read signal
A23 to A0
External address
CSn
External
space
write
HWR, LWR
D15 to D0
Note: n = 0 to 7
Figure 6.36 Example of Timing when Write Data Buffer Function is Used
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.10
Bus Release
6.10.1
Overview
The chip can release the external bus in response to a bus request from an external device. In the
external bus released state, the internal bus master continues to operate as long as there is no
external access.
If an internal bus master wants to make an external access in the external bus released state, or if a
refresh request* is generated, it can issue a bus request off-chip.
The BREQOPS bit can be used to change the BREQO output pin from PF2 to P53.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.10.2
Operation
In external expansion mode, the bus can be released to an external device by setting the BRLE bit
in BCRL to 1. Driving the BREQ pin low issues an external bus request to the chip. When the
BREQ pin is sampled, at the prescribed timing the BACK pin is driven low, and the address bus,
data bus, and bus control signals are placed in the high-impedance state, establishing the external
bus released state.
In the external bus released state, an internal bus master can perform accesses using the internal
bus. When an internal bus master wants to make an external access, it temporarily defers
activation of the bus cycle, and waits for the bus request from the external bus master to be
dropped. Even if a refresh request* is generated in the external bus released state, refresh control*
is deferred until the external bus master drops the bus request.
If the BREQOE bit in BCRL is set to 1, when an internal bus master wants to make an external
access in the external bus released state, or when a refresh request* is generated, the BREQO pin
is driven low and a request can be made off-chip to drop the bus request.
When the BREQ pin is driven high, the BACK pin is driven high at the prescribed timing and the
external bus released state is terminated.
If an external bus release request and external access occur simultaneously, the order of priority is
as follows:
(High) External bus release > Internal bus master external access (Low)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
If a refresh request* and external bus release request occur simultaneously, the order of priority is
as follows:
(High) Refresh* > External bus release (Low)
As a refresh* and an external access by an internal bus master can be executed simultaneously,
there is no relative order of priority for these two operations.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.10.3
Pin States in External Bus Released State
Table 6.9 shows the pin states in the external bus released state.
Table 6.9
Pin States in Bus Released State
Pins
Pin State
A23 to A0
High impedance
D15 to D0
1
CSn*
High impedance
High impedance
3
CAS*
High impedance
AS
High impedance
RD
High impedance
HWR
High impedance
LWR
High impedance
2 3
DACKm* *
High
Notes: 1. n = 0 to 7
2. m = 0 or 1
3. The CAS and DACKm pin functions are not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.10.4
Transition Timing
Figure 6.37 shows the timing for transition to the bus released state.
CPU cycle
T0
CPU
cycle
External bus released state
T1
T2
φ
High impedance
Address bus
Address
High impedance
Data bus
High impedance
AS
High impedance
RD
High impedance
HWR, LWR
BREQ
BACK
BREQO *
Minimum
1 state
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[1] Low level of BREQ pin is sampled at rise of T2 state.
[2] BACK pin is driven low at end of CPU read cycle, releasing bus to external
bus master.
[3] BREQ pin state is still sampled in external bus released state.
[4] High level of BREQ pin is sampled.
[5] BACK pin is driven high, ending bus release cycle.
[6] BREQO signal goes high 1.5 clocks after BACK signal goes high.
Note: * Output only when BREQOE is set to 1.
Figure 6.37 Bus Released State Transition Timing
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[5]
[6]
Section 6 Bus Controller
6.10.5
Usage Note
Do not set MSTPCR to H'FFFF or H'EFFF, since the external bus release function will halt if a
transition is made to sleep mode when either of these settings has been made.
6.11
Bus Arbitration
6.11.1
Overview
The chip has a bus arbiter that arbitrates bus master operations.
There are three bus masters, the CPU, DTC, and DMAC*, which perform read/write operations
when they have possession of the bus. Each bus master requests the bus by means of a bus request
signal. The bus arbiter determines priorities at the prescribed timing, and permits use of the bus by
means of a bus request acknowledge signal. The selected bus master then takes possession of the
bus and begins its operation.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.11.2
Operation
The bus arbiter detects the bus masters' bus request signals, and if the bus is requested, sends a bus
request acknowledge signal to the bus master making the request. If there are bus requests from
more than one bus master, the bus request acknowledge signal is sent to the one with the highest
priority. When a bus master receives the bus request acknowledge signal, it takes possession of the
bus until that signal is canceled.
The order of priority of the bus masters is as follows:
(High) DMAC* > DTC > CPU (Low)
An internal bus access by an internal bus master, external bus release, and refreshing*, can be
executed in parallel.
In the event of simultaneous external bus release request, refresh request*, and internal bus master
external access request generation, the order of priority is as follows:
(High) Refresh* > External bus release (Low)
(High) External bus release > Internal bus master external access (Low)
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Section 6 Bus Controller
As a refresh* and an external access by an internal bus master can be executed simultaneously,
there is no relative order of priority for these two operations.
Note: * The DMAC and DRAM interface are not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.11.3
Bus Transfer Timing
Even if a bus request is received from a bus master with a higher priority than that of the bus
master that has acquired the bus and is currently operating, the bus is not necessarily transferred
immediately. There are specific times at which each bus master can relinquish the bus.
CPU: The CPU is the lowest-priority bus master, and if a bus request is received from the DTC or
DMAC*, the bus arbiter transfers the bus to the bus master that issued the request. The timing for
transfer of the bus is as follows:
• The bus is transferred at a break between bus cycles. However, if a bus cycle is executed in
discrete operations, as in the case of a longword-size access, the bus is not transferred between
the operations. See appendix A.5, Bus States during Instruction Execution, for timings at
which the bus is not transferred.
• If the CPU is in sleep mode, it transfers the bus immediately.
DTC: The DTC sends the bus arbiter a request for the bus when an activation request is generated.
The DTC can release the bus after a vector read, a register information read (3 states), a single data
transfer, or a register information write (3 states). It does not release the bus during a register
information read (3 states), a single data transfer, or a register information write (3 states).
DMAC*: The DMAC sends the bus arbiter a request for the bus when an activation request is
generated.
In the case of an external request in short address mode or normal mode, and in cycle steal mode,
the DMAC releases the bus after a single transfer.
In block transfer mode, it releases the bus after transfer of one block, and in burst mode, after
completion of a transfer.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 214 of 1268
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Section 6 Bus Controller
6.11.4
External Bus Release Usage Note
External bus release can be performed on completion of an external bus cycle. The RD signal and
the DRAM interface* RAS and CAS signals remain low until the end of the external bus cycle.
Therefore, when external bus release is performed, the RD, RAS, and CAS signals may change
from the low level to the high-impedance state.
Note: * The DRAM interface is not supported in the H8S/2321.
6.12
Resets and the Bus Controller
In a reset, the chip, including the bus controller, enters the reset state at that point, and any
executing bus cycle is discontinued.
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Section 6 Bus Controller
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Section 7 DMA Controller
(Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.1
Overview
The chip has a built-in DMA controller* (DMAC) which can carry out data transfer on up to 4
channels.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
7.1.1
Features
The features of the DMAC are listed below.
• Choice of short address mode or full address mode
Short address mode
⎯ Maximum of 4 channels can be used
⎯ Choice of dual address mode or single address mode
⎯ In dual address mode, one of the two addresses, transfer source and transfer destination, is
specified as 24 bits and the other as 16 bits
⎯ In single address mode, transfer source or transfer destination address only is specified as
24 bits
⎯ In single address mode, transfer can be performed in one bus cycle
⎯ Choice of sequential mode, idle mode, or repeat mode for dual address mode and single
address mode
Full address mode
⎯ Maximum of 2 channels can be used
⎯ Transfer source and transfer destination address specified as 24 bits
⎯ Choice of normal mode or block transfer mode
• 16-Mbyte address space can be specified directly
• Byte or word can be set as the transfer unit
• Activation sources: internal interrupt, external request, auto-request (depending on transfer
mode)
⎯ Six 16-bit timer-pulse unit (TPU) compare match/input capture interrupts
⎯ Serial communication interface (SCI0, SCI1) transmission data empty interrupt, reception
data full interrupt
⎯ A/D converter conversion end interrupt
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
⎯ External request
⎯ Auto-request
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ The initial setting enables DMAC registers to be accessed. DMAC operation is halted by
setting module stop mode
7.1.2
Block Diagram
A block diagram of the DMAC is shown in figure 7.1.
Internal address bus
Address buffer
DMAWER
DMACR0A
DMACR0B
DMACR1A
DMACR1B
DMABCR
Channel 1
DMATCR
MAR0A
IOAR0A
ETCR0A
MAR0B
IOAR0B
ETCR0B
MAR1A
IOAR1A
ETCR1A
MAR1B
Data buffer
Internal data bus
Legend:
DMAWER: DMA write enable register
DMATCR: DMA terminal control register
DMABCR: DMA band control register (for all channels)
DMACR: DMA control register
MAR:
Memory address register
IOAR:
I/O address register
ETCR:
Execute transfer count register
Figure 7.1 Block Diagram of DMAC
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 218 of 1268
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IOAR1B
ETCR1B
Module data bus
Control logic
Channel 0
Processor
Channel 1B Channel 1A Channel 0B Channel 0A
Internal interrupts
TGI0A
TGI1A
TGI2A
TGI3A
TGI4A
TGI5A
TXI0
RXI0
TXI1
RXI1
ADI
External pins
DREQ0
DREQ1
TEND0
TEND1
DACK0
DACK1
Interrupt signals
DEND0A
DEND0B
DEND1A
DEND1B
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.1.3
Overview of Functions
Tables 7.1 (1) and (2) summarize DMAC functions in short address mode and full address mode,
respectively.
Table 7.1 (1) Overview of DMAC Functions (Short Address Mode)
Address Register Bit Length
Transfer Mode
Transfer Source
Dual address mode
•
TPU channel 0 to 24/16
5 compare
match/input
capture A
interrupt
•
SCI transmitdata-empty
interrupt
•
SCI receivedata-full interrupt
•
A/D converter
conversion end
interrupt
•
External request
•
External request
•
Sequential mode
⎯ 1-byte or 1-word transfer executed
for one transfer request
⎯ Memory address
incremented/decremented by 1 or 2
⎯ 1 to 65,536 transfers
•
Idle mode
⎯ 1-byte or 1-word transfer executed
for one transfer request
⎯ Memory address fixed
⎯ 1 to 65,536 transfers
•
Repeat mode
Source
Destination
16/24
⎯ 1-byte or 1-word transfer executed
for one transfer request
⎯ Memory address incremented/
decremented by 1 or 2
⎯ After specified number of transfers
(1 to 256), initial state is restored
and operation continues
•
Single address mode
•
1-byte or 1-word transfer executed for
one transfer request
•
Transfer in 1 bus cycle using DACK pin
in place of address specifying I/O
•
Specifiable for sequential, idle, and
repeat modes
24/DACK
DACK/24
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Table 7.1 (2) Overview of DMAC Functions (Full Address Mode)
Address Register Bit Length
Transfer Mode
Transfer Source
Source
Destination
•
•
Auto-request
24
24
•
External request
•
TPU channel 0 to 24
5 compare
match/input
capture A
interrupt
24
•
SCI transmitdata-empty
interrupt
•
SCI receivedata-full interrupt
•
External request
•
A/D converter
conversion end
interrupt
Normal mode
Auto-request
⎯ Transfer request retained internally
⎯ Transfers continue for the specified
number of times (1 to 65,536)
⎯ Choice of burst or cycle steal
transfer
External request
⎯ 1-byte or 1-word transfer executed
for one transfer request
⎯ 1 to 65,536 transfers
•
Block transfer mode
⎯ Specified block size transfer
executed for one transfer request
⎯ 1 to 65,536 transfers
⎯ Either source or destination
specifiable as block area
⎯ Block size: 1 to 256 bytes or words
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.1.4
Pin Configuration
Table 7.2 summarizes the DMAC pins.
In short address mode, external request transfer, single address transfer, and transfer end output
are not performed for channel A.
The DMA transfer acknowledge function is used in channel B single address mode in short
address mode.
When the DREQ pin is used, do not designate the corresponding port for output.
With regard to the DACK pins, setting single address transfer automatically sets the corresponding
port to output, functioning as a DACK pin.
With regard to the TEND pins, whether or not the corresponding port is used as a TEND pin can
be specified by means of a register setting.
Table 7.2
DMAC Pins
Channel
Pin Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
0
DMA request 0
DREQ0
Input
DMAC channel 0 external
request
DMA transfer acknowledge 0
DACK0
Output
DMAC channel 0 single address
transfer acknowledge
1
DMA transfer end 0
TEND0
Output
DMAC channel 0 transfer end
DMA request 1
DREQ1
Input
DMAC channel 1 external
request
DMA transfer acknowledge 1
DACK1
Output
DMAC channel 1 single address
transfer acknowledge
DMA transfer end 1
TEND1
Output
DMAC channel 1 transfer end
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.1.5
Register Configuration
Table 7.3 summarizes the DMAC registers.
Table 7.3
DMAC Registers
Channel Name
Abbreviation R/W
Initial
Value
0
Memory address register 0A
MAR0A
R/W
Undefined H'FEE0
16 bits
I/O address register 0A
IOAR0A
R/W
Undefined H'FEE4
16 bits
Transfer count register 0A
ETCR0A
R/W
Undefined H'FEE6
16 bits
Memory address register 0B
MAR0B
R/W
Undefined H'FEE8
16 bits
I/O address register 0B
IOAR0B
R/W
Undefined H'FEEC
16 bits
1
0, 1
Bus Width
Address*
Transfer count register 0B
ETCR0B
R/W
Undefined H'FEEE
16 bits
Memory address register 1A
MAR1A
R/W
Undefined H'FEF0
16 bits
I/O address register 1A
IOAR1A
R/W
Undefined H'FEF4
16 bits
Transfer count register 1A
ETCR1A
R/W
Undefined H'FEF6
16 bits
Memory address register 1B
MAR1B
R/W
Undefined H'FEF8
16 bits
I/O address register 1B
IOAR1B
R/W
Undefined H'FEFC
16 bits
Transfer count register 1B
ETCR1B
R/W
Undefined H'FEFE
16 bits
DMA write enable register
DMAWER
R/W
H'00
H'FF00
8 bits
DMA terminal control register DMATCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF01
8 bits
DMA control register 0A
DMACR0A
R/W
H'00
H'FF02
16 bits
DMA control register 0B
DMACR0B
R/W
H'00
H'FF03
16 bits
DMA control register 1A
DMACR1A
R/W
H'00
H'FF04
16 bits
DMA control register 1B
DMACR1B
R/W
H'00
H'FF05
16 bits
DMA band control register
DMABCR
R/W
H'0000
H'FF06
16 bits
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
8 bits
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.2
Register Descriptions (1) (Short Address Mode)
Short address mode transfer can be performed for channels A and B independently.
Short address mode transfer is specified for each channel by clearing the FAE bit in DMABCR to
0, as shown in table 7.4. Short address mode or full address mode can be selected for channels 1
and 0 independently by means of bits FAE1 and FAE0.
Table 7.4
Short Address Mode and Full Address Mode (For 1 Channel: Example of
Channel 0)
0
Short address mode specified (channels A and B operate independently)
MAR0A
MAR0B
Specifies transfer source/transfer destination address
IOAR0A
Specifies transfer destination/transfer source address
ETCR0A
Specifies number of transfers
DMACR0A
Specifies transfer size, mode, activation source, etc.
Specifies transfer source/transfer destination address
IOAR0B
Specifies transfer destination/transfer source address
ETCR0B
Specifies number of transfers
DMACR0B
Specifies transfer size, mode, activation source, etc.
Full address mode specified (channels A and B operate in combination)
Channel 0
1
Channel 0A
Description
Channel 0B
FAE0
MAR0A
Specifies transfer source address
MAR0B
Specifies transfer destination address
IOAR0A
IOAR0B
ETCR0A
ETCR0B
DMACR0A DMACR0B
Not used
Not used
Specifies number of transfers
Specifies number of transfers (used in block transfer
mode only)
Specifies transfer size, mode, activation source, etc.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.2.1
Memory Address Registers (MAR)
Bit
:
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
MAR
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MAR
:
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Initial value :
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
MAR is a 32-bit readable/writable register that specifies the transfer source address or destination
address.
The upper 8 bits of MAR are reserved: they are always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
Whether MAR functions as the source address register or as the destination address register can be
selected by means of the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
MAR is incremented or decremented each time a byte or word transfer is executed, so that the
address specified by MAR is constantly updated. For details, see section 7.2.4, DMA Control
Register (DMACR).
MAR is not initialized by a reset or in standby mode.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.2.2
I/O Address Register (IOAR)
Bit
:
IOAR
:
Initial value :
R/W
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
IOAR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that specifies the lower 16 bits of the transfer source
address or destination address. The upper 8 bits of the transfer address are automatically set to
H'FF.
Whether IOAR functions as the source address register or as the destination address register can
be selected by means of the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
IOAR is invalid in single address mode.
IOAR is not incremented or decremented each time a transfer is executed, so the address specified
by IOAR is fixed.
IOAR is not initialized by a reset or in standby mode.
7.2.3
Execute Transfer Count Register (ETCR)
ETCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that specifies the number of transfers. The setting of
this register is different for sequential mode and idle mode on the one hand, and for repeat mode
on the other.
Sequential Mode and Idle Mode
Transfer Counter (ETCR)
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
:
Initial value :
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
In sequential mode and idle mode, ETCR functions as a 16-bit transfer counter (with a count range
of 1 to 65,536). ETCR is decremented by 1 each time a transfer is performed, and when the count
reaches H'0000, the DTE bit in DMABCR is cleared, and transfer ends.
Repeat Mode
Transfer Number Storage (ETCRH)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Transfer Counter (ETCRL)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
*: Undefined
In repeat mode, ETCR functions as transfer counter ETCRL (with a count range of 1 to 256) and
transfer number storage register ETCRH. ETCRL is decremented by 1 each time a transfer is
performed, and when the count reaches H'00, ETCRL is loaded with the value in ETCRH. At this
point, MAR is automatically restored to the value it had when the count was started. The DTE bit
in DMABCR is not cleared, and so transfers can be performed repeatedly until the DTE bit is
cleared by the user.
ETCR is not initialized by a reset or in standby mode.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.2.4
DMA Control Register (DMACR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DTSZ
DTID5
RPE
DTDIR
DTF3
DTF2
DTF1
DTF0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
DMACR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the operation of each DMAC channel.
DMACR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in standby mode.
Bit 7—Data Transfer Size (DTSZ): Selects the size of data to be transferred at one time.
Bit 7
DTSZ
Description
0
Byte-size transfer
1
Word-size transfer
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Data Transfer Increment/Decrement (DTID): Selects incrementing or decrementing of
MAR after every data transfer in sequential mode or repeat mode.
In idle mode, MAR is neither incremented nor decremented.
Bit 6
DTID
Description
0
MAR is incremented after a data transfer
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTSZ = 0, MAR is incremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MAR is incremented by 2 after a transfer
MAR is decremented after a data transfer
•
When DTSZ = 0, MAR is decremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MAR is decremented by 2 after a transfer
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 5—Repeat Enable (RPE): Used in combination with the DTIE bit in DMABCR to select the
mode (sequential, idle, or repeat) in which transfer is to be performed.
Bit 5
RPE
DMABCR
DTIE
Description
0
0
Transfer in sequential mode (no transfer end interrupt)
1
Transfer in sequential mode (with transfer end interrupt)
1
0
Transfer in repeat mode (no transfer end interrupt)
1
Transfer in idle mode (with transfer end interrupt)
(Initial value)
For details of operation in sequential, idle, and repeat mode, see section 7.5.2, Sequential Mode,
section 7.5.3, Idle Mode, and section 7.5.4, Repeat Mode.
Bit 4—Data Transfer Direction (DTDIR): Used in combination with the SAE bit in DMABCR
to specify the data transfer direction (source or destination). The function of this bit is therefore
different in dual address mode and single address mode.
DMABCR
SAE
Bit 4
DTDIR
0
0
Transfer with MAR as source address and IOAR as destination
address
(Initial value)
1
Transfer with IOAR as source address and MAR as destination address
0
Transfer with MAR as source address and DACK pin as write strobe
1
Transfer with DACK pin as read strobe and MAR as destination address
1
Description
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bits 3 to 0—Data Transfer Factor (DTF3 to DTF0): These bits select the data transfer factor
(activation source). There are some differences in activation sources for channel A and for channel
B.
Channel A
Bit 3
DTF3
Bit 2
DTF2
Bit 1
DTF1
Bit 0
DTF0
Description
0
0
0
0
—
1
Activated by A/D converter conversion end interrupt
1
0
—
1
—
0
Activated by SCI channel 0 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 0 receive-data-full interrupt
0
Activated by SCI channel 1 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 1 receive-data-full interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 0 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 1 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 2 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 3 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 4 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 5 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
—
1
—
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Channel B
Bit 3
DTF3
Bit 2
DTF2
Bit 1
DTF1
Bit 0
DTF0
Description
0
0
0
0
—
1
0
Activated by A/D converter conversion end interrupt
Activated by DREQ pin falling edge input*
1
Activated by DREQ pin low-level input
0
0
Activated by SCI channel 0 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 0 receive-data-full interrupt
1
0
Activated by SCI channel 1 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 1 receive-data-full interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 0 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 1 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 2 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 3 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 4 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 5 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
—
1
—
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Note: * Detected as a low level in the first transfer after transfer is enabled.
The same factor can be selected for more than one channel. In this case, activation starts with the
highest-priority channel according to the relative channel priorities. For relative channel priorities,
see section 7.5.13, DMAC Multi-Channel Operation.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.2.5
DMA Band Control Register (DMABCR)
DMABCRH
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
FAE1
FAE0
SAE1
SAE0
DTA1B
DTA1A
DTA0B
DTA0A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DTE1B
DTE1A
DTE0B
DTE0A
DTIE1B
DTIE1A
DTIE0B
DTIE0A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
DMABCRL
Bit
Initial value :
R/W
:
DMABCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that controls the operation of each DMAC
channel.
DMABCR is initialized to H'0000 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 15—Full Address Enable 1 (FAE1): Specifies whether channel 1 is to be used in short
address mode or full address mode.
In short address mode, channels 1A and 1B can be used as independent channels.
Bit 15
FAE1
Description
0
Short address mode
1
Full address mode
(Initial value)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 14—Full Address Enable 0 (FAE0): Specifies whether channel 0 is to be used in short
address mode or full address mode.
In short address mode, channels 0A and 0B can be used as independent channels.
Bit 14
FAE0
Description
0
Short address mode
1
Full address mode
(Initial value)
Bit 13—Single Address Enable 1 (SAE1): Specifies whether channel 1B is to be used for
transfer in dual address mode or single address mode.
This bit is invalid in full address mode.
Bit 13
SAE1
Description
0
Transfer in dual address mode
1
Transfer in single address mode
(Initial value)
Bit 12—Single Address Enable 0 (SAE0): Specifies whether channel 0B is to be used for
transfer in dual address mode or single address mode.
This bit is invalid in full address mode.
Bit 12
SAE0
Description
0
Transfer in dual address mode
1
Transfer in single address mode
(Initial value)
Bits 11 to 8—Data Transfer Acknowledge (DTA): These bits enable or disable clearing, when
DMA transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting.
When DTE = 1 and DTA = 1, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting is cleared automatically by DMA transfer. When DTE = 1 and DTA = 1, the internal
interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor setting does not issue an interrupt request to the
CPU or DTC.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
When DTE = 1 and DTA = 0, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting is not cleared when a transfer is performed, and can issue an interrupt request to the CPU
or DTC in parallel. In this case, the interrupt source should be cleared by the CPU or DTC
transfer.
When DTE = 0, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor setting issues an
interrupt request to the CPU or DTC regardless of the DTA bit setting.
Bit 11—Data Transfer Acknowledge 1B (DTA1B): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 1B data transfer
factor setting.
Bit 11
DTA1B
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
Bit 10—Data Transfer Acknowledge 1A (DTA1A): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 1A data transfer
factor setting.
Bit 10
DTA1A
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
Bit 9—Data Transfer Acknowledge 0B (DTA0B): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 0B data transfer
factor setting.
Bit 9
DTA0B
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 8—Data Transfer Acknowledge 0A (DTA0A): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 0A data transfer
factor setting.
Bit 8
DTA0A
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
Bits 7 to 4—Data Transfer Enable (DTE): When DTE = 0, data transfer is disabled and the
activation source selected by the data transfer factor setting is ignored. If the activation source is
an internal interrupt, an interrupt request is issued to the CPU or DTC. If the DTIE bit is set to 1
when DTE = 0, the DMAC regards this as indicating the end of a transfer, and issues a transfer
end interrupt request to the CPU or DTC.
The conditions for the DTE bit being cleared to 0 are as follows:
• When initialization is performed
• When the specified number of transfers have been completed in a transfer mode other than
repeat mode
• When 0 is written to the DTE bit to forcibly abort the transfer, or for a similar reason
When DTE = 1, data transfer is enabled and the DMAC waits for a request by the activation
source selected by the data transfer factor setting. When a request is issued by the activation
source, DMA transfer is executed.
The condition for the DTE bit being set to 1 is as follows:
•
When 1 is written to the DTE bit after the DTE bit is read as 0
Bit 7—Data Transfer Enable 1B (DTE1B): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 1B.
Bit 7
DTE1B
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 6—Data Transfer Enable 1A (DTE1A): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 1A.
Bit 6
DTE1A
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 5—Data Transfer Enable 0B (DTE0B): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 0B.
Bit 5
DTE0B
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Data Transfer Enable 0A (DTE0A): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 0A.
Bit 4
DTE0A
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 3 to 0—Data Transfer End Interrupt Enable (DTIE): These bits enable or disable an
interrupt to the CPU or DTC when transfer ends. If the DTIE bit is set to 1 when DTE = 0, the
DMAC regards this as indicating the end of a transfer, and issues a transfer end interrupt request to
the CPU or DTC.
A transfer end interrupt can be canceled either by clearing the DTIE bit to 0 in the interrupt
handling routine, or by performing processing to continue transfer by setting the transfer counter
and address register again, and then setting the DTE bit to 1.
Bit 3—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 1B (DTIE1B): Enables or disables the channel 1B
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 3
DTIE1B
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 2—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 1A (DTIE1A): Enables or disables the channel 1A
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 2
DTIE1A
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 1—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 0B (DTIE0B): Enables or disables the channel 0B
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 1
DTIE0B
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 0—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 0A (DTIE0A): Enables or disables the channel 0A
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 0
DTIE0A
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.3
Register Descriptions (2) (Full Address Mode)
Full address mode transfer is performed with channels A and B together. For details of full address
mode setting, see table 7.4.
7.3.1
Bit
Memory Address Register (MAR)
:
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Initial value :
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
MAR is a 32-bit readable/writable register; MARA functions as the transfer source address
register, and MARB as the destination address register.
MAR is composed of two 16-bit registers, MARH and MARL. The upper 8 bits of MARH are
reserved: they are always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
MAR is incremented or decremented each time a byte or word transfer is executed, so that the
source or destination memory address can be updated automatically. For details, see section 7.3.4,
DMA Control Register (DMACR).
MAR is not initialized by a reset or in standby mode.
7.3.2
I/O Address Register (IOAR)
IOAR is not used in full address transfer.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.3.3
Execute Transfer Count Register (ETCR)
ETCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that specifies the number of transfers. The function of
this register is different in normal mode and in block transfer mode.
ETCR is not initialized by a reset or in standby mode.
Normal Mode
ETCRA
Transfer Counter
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
In normal mode, ETCRA functions as a 16-bit transfer counter. ETCRA is decremented by 1 each
time a transfer is performed, and transfer ends when the count reaches H'0000. ETCRB is not used
at this time.
ETCRB
ETCRB is not used in normal mode.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Block Transfer Mode
ETCRA
Block Size Storage (ETCRAH)
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
:
Block Size Counter (ETCRAL)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
*: Undefined
ETCRB
Block Transfer Counter
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
*: Undefined
In block transfer mode, ETCRAL functions as an 8-bit block size counter and ETCRAH holds the
block size. ETCRAL is decremented each time a 1-byte or 1-word transfer is performed, and when
the count reaches H'00, ETCRAL is loaded with the value in ETCRAH. So by setting the block
size in ETCRAH and ETCRAL, it is possible to repeatedly transfer blocks consisting of any
desired number of bytes or words.
ETCRB functions in block transfer mode, as a 16-bit block transfer counter. ETCRB is
decremented by 1 each time a block is transferred, and transfer ends when the count reaches
H'0000.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.3.4
DMA Control Register (DMACR)
DMACR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that controls the operation of each DMAC channel.
In full address mode, DMACRA and DMACRB have different functions.
DMACR is initialized to H'0000 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
DMACRA
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
DTSZ
SAID
SAIDE
BLKDIR
BLKE
—
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
DAID
DAIDE
—
DTF3
DTF2
DTF1
DTF0
Initial value :
R/W
DMACRB
Bit
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit 15—Data Transfer Size (DTSZ): Selects the size of data to be transferred at one time.
Bit 15
DTSZ
Description
0
Byte-size transfer
1
Word-size transfer
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 14—Source Address Increment/Decrement (SAID)
Bit 13—Source Address Increment/Decrement Enable (SAIDE): These bits specify whether
source address register MARA is to be incremented, decremented, or left unchanged, when data
transfer is performed.
Bit 14
SAID
Bit 13
SAIDE
Description
0
0
MARA is fixed
1
MARA is incremented after a data transfer
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTSZ = 0, MARA is incremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MARA is incremented by 2 after a transfer
0
MARA is fixed
1
MARA is decremented after a data transfer
•
When DTSZ = 0, MARA is decremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MARA is decremented by 2 after a transfer
Bit 12—Block Direction (BLKDIR)
Bit 11—Block Enable (BLKE): These bits specify whether normal mode or block transfer mode
is to be used. If block transfer mode is specified, the BLKDIR bit specifies whether the source side
or the destination side is to be the block area.
Bit 12
BLKDIR
Bit 11
BLKE
Description
0
0
Transfer in normal mode
1
Transfer in block transfer mode, destination side is block area
0
Transfer in normal mode
1
Transfer in block transfer mode, source side is block area
1
(Initial value)
For operation in normal mode and block transfer mode, see section 7.5, Operation.
Bits 10 to 7—Reserved: Can be read or written to. Only 0 should be written to these bits.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 6—Destination Address Increment/Decrement (DAID)
Bit 5—Destination Address Increment/Decrement Enable (DAIDE): These bits specify
whether destination address register MARB is to be incremented, decremented, or left unchanged,
when data transfer is performed.
Bit 6
DAID
Bit 5
DAIDE
Description
0
0
MARB is fixed
1
MARB is incremented after a data transfer
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTSZ = 0, MARB is incremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MARB is incremented by 2 after a transfer
0
MARB is fixed
1
MARB is decremented after a data transfer
•
When DTSZ = 0, MARB is decremented by 1 after a transfer
•
When DTSZ = 1, MARB is decremented by 2 after a transfer
Bit 4—Reserved: Can be read or written to. Only 0 should be written to this bit.
Bits 3 to 0—Data Transfer Factor (DTF3 to DTF0): These bits select the data transfer factor
(activation source). The factors that can be specified differ between normal mode and block
transfer mode.
• Normal Mode
Bit 3
DTF3
Bit 2
DTF2
Bit 1
DTF1
Bit 0
DTF0
Description
0
0
0
0
—
1
—
1
0
Activated by DREQ pin falling edge input
1
Activated by DREQ pin low-level input
0
*
—
1
0
Auto-request (cycle steal)
1
Auto-request (burst)
*
*
—
1
1
*
(Initial value)
*: Don't care
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
• Block Transfer Mode
Bit 3
DTF3
Bit 2
DTF2
Bit 1
DTF1
Bit 0
DTF0
Description
0
0
0
0
—
1
0
Activated by A/D converter conversion end interrupt
Activated by DREQ pin falling edge input*
1
Activated by DREQ pin low-level input
0
0
Activated by SCI channel 0 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 0 receive-data-full interrupt
1
0
Activated by SCI channel 1 transmit-data-empty interrupt
1
Activated by SCI channel 1 receive-data-full interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 0 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 1 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 2 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 3 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
Activated by TPU channel 4 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
1
Activated by TPU channel 5 compare match/input capture
A interrupt
0
—
1
—
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Note: * Detected as a low level in the first transfer after transfer is enabled.
The same factor can be selected for more than one channel. In this case, activation starts with the
highest-priority channel according to the relative channel priorities. For relative channel priorities,
see section 7.5.13, DMAC Multi-Channel Operation.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.3.5
DMA Band Control Register (DMABCR)
DMABCRH:
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
FAE1
FAE0
—
—
DTA1
—
DTA0
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
DMABCRL:
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
:
DTME1
DTE1
DTME0
DTE0
DTIE1B
DTIE1A
DTIE0B
DTIE0A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
:
DMABCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that controls the operation of each DMAC
channel.
DMABCR is initialized to H'0000 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 15—Full Address Enable 1 (FAE1): Specifies whether channel 1 is to be used in short
address mode or full address mode.
In full address mode, channels 1A and 1B are used together as a single channel.
Bit 15
FAE1
Description
0
Short address mode
1
Full address mode
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 14—Full Address Enable 0 (FAE0): Specifies whether channel 0 is to be used in short
address mode or full address mode.
In full address mode, channels 0A and 0B are used together as a single channel.
Bit 14
FAE0
Description
0
Short address mode
1
Full address mode
(Initial value)
Bits 13 and 12—Reserved: Can be read or written to. Only 0 should be written to these bits.
Bits 11 and 9—Data Transfer Acknowledge (DTA): These bits enable or disable clearing, when
DMA transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting.
When DTE = 1 and DTA = 1, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting is cleared automatically by DMA transfer. When DTE = 1 and DTA = 1, the internal
interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor setting does not issue an interrupt request to the
CPU or DTC.
When DTE = 1 and DTA = 0, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor
setting is not cleared when a transfer is performed, and can issue an interrupt request to the CPU
or DTC in parallel. In this case, the interrupt source should be cleared by the CPU or DTC
transfer.
When DTE = 0, the internal interrupt source selected by the data transfer factor setting issues an
interrupt request to the CPU or DTC regardless of the DTA bit setting.
The state of the DTME bit does not affect the above operations.
Bit 11—Data Transfer Acknowledge 1 (DTA1): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 1 data transfer factor
setting.
Bit 11
DTA1
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 9—Data Transfer Acknowledge 0 (DTA0): Enables or disables clearing, when DMA
transfer is performed, of the internal interrupt source selected by the channel 0 data transfer factor
setting.
Bit 9
DTA0
Description
0
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is disabled
(Initial value)
1
Clearing of selected internal interrupt source at time of DMA transfer is enabled
Bits 10 and 8—Reserved: Can be read or written to. Only 0 should be written to these bits.
Bits 7 and 5—Data Transfer Master Enable (DTME): Together with the DTE bit, these bits
control enabling or disabling of data transfer on the relevant channel. When both the DTME bit
and the DTE bit are set to 1, transfer is enabled for the channel.
If the relevant channel is in the middle of a burst mode transfer when an NMI interrupt is
generated, the DTME bit is cleared, the transfer is interrupted, and bus mastership passes to the
CPU. When the DTME bit is subsequently set to 1 again, the interrupted transfer is resumed. In
block transfer mode, however, the DTME bit is not cleared by an NMI interrupt, and transfer is
not interrupted.
The conditions for the DTME bit being cleared to 0 are as follows:
• When initialization is performed
• When NMI is input in burst mode
• When 0 is written to the DTME bit
The condition for DTME being set to 1 is as follows:
• When 1 is written to DTME after DTME is read as 0
Bit 7—Data Transfer Master Enable 1 (DTME1): Enables or disables data transfer on channel
1.
Bit 7
DTME1
Description
0
Data transfer disabled. In burst mode, cleared to 0 by an NMI interrupt
1
Data transfer enabled
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 5—Data Transfer Master Enable 0 (DTME0): Enables or disables data transfer on channel
0.
Bit 5
DTME0
Description
0
Data transfer disabled. In normal mode, cleared to 0 by an NMI interrupt (Initial value)
1
Data transfer enabled
Bits 6 and 4—Data Transfer Enable (DTE): When DTE = 0, data transfer is disabled and the
activation source selected by the data transfer factor setting is ignored. If the activation source is
an internal interrupt, an interrupt request is issued to the CPU or DTC. If the DTIE bit is set to 1
when DTE = 0, the DMAC regards this as indicating the end of a transfer, and issues a transfer
end interrupt request to the CPU.
The conditions for the DTE bit being cleared to 0 are as follows:
• When initialization is performed
• When the specified number of transfers have been completed
• When 0 is written to the DTE bit to forcibly abort the transfer, or for a similar reason
When DTE = 1 and DTME = 1, data transfer is enabled and the DMAC waits for a request by the
activation source selected by the data transfer factor setting. When a request is issued by the
activation source, DMA transfer is executed.
The condition for the DTE bit being set to 1 is as follows:
• When 1 is written to the DTE bit after the DTE bit is read as 0
Bit 6—Data Transfer Enable 1 (DTE1): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 1.
Bit 6
DTE1
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
(Initial value)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 4—Data Transfer Enable 0 (DTE0): Enables or disables data transfer on channel 0.
Bit 4
DTE0
Description
0
Data transfer disabled
1
Data transfer enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 3 and 1—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable B (DTIEB): These bits enable or disable an
interrupt to the CPU or DTC when transfer is interrupted. If the DTIEB bit is set to 1 when
DTME = 0, the DMAC regards this as indicating a break in the transfer, and issues a transfer
break interrupt request to the CPU or DTC.
A transfer break interrupt can be canceled either by clearing the DTIEB bit to 0 in the interrupt
handling routine, or by performing processing to continue transfer by setting the DTME bit to 1.
Bit 3—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 1B (DTIE1B): Enables or disables the channel 1
transfer break interrupt.
Bit 3
DTIE1B
Description
0
Transfer break interrupt disabled
1
Transfer break interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 1—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 0B (DTIE0B): Enables or disables the channel 0
transfer break interrupt.
Bit 1
DTIE0B
Description
0
Transfer break interrupt disabled
1
Transfer break interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 2 and 0—Data Transfer End Interrupt Enable A (DTIEA): These bits enable or disable
an interrupt to the CPU or DTC when transfer ends. If the DTIEA bit is set to 1 when DTE = 0,
the DMAC regards this as indicating the end of a transfer, and issues a transfer end interrupt
request to the CPU or DTC.
A transfer end interrupt can be canceled either by clearing the DTIEA bit to 0 in the interrupt
handling routine, or by performing processing to continue transfer by setting the transfer counter
and address register again, and then setting the DTE bit to 1.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 2—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 1A (DTIE1A): Enables or disables the channel 1
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 2
DTIE1A
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 0—Data Transfer Interrupt Enable 0A (DTIE0A): Enables or disables the channel 0
transfer end interrupt.
Bit 0
DTIE0A
Description
0
Transfer end interrupt disabled
1
Transfer end interrupt enabled
(Initial value)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.4
Register Descriptions (3)
7.4.1
DMA Write Enable Register (DMAWER)
The DMAC can activate the DTC with a transfer end interrupt, rewrite the channel on which the
transfer ended using a DTC chain transfer, and reactivate the DTC. DMAWER applies restrictions
so that specific bits of DMACR for the specific channel, and also DMATCR and DMABCR, can
be changed to prevent inadvertent rewriting of registers other than those for the channel
concerned. The restrictions applied by DMAWER are valid for the DTC.
Figure 7.2 shows the transfer areas for activating the DTC with a channel 0A transfer end
interrupt, and reactivating channel 0A. The address register and count register area is re-set by the
first DTC transfer, then the control register area is re-set by the second DTC chain transfer.
When re-setting the control register area, perform masking by setting bits in DMAWER to prevent
modification of the contents of the other channels.
First transfer area
MAR0A
IOAR0A
ETCR0A
MAR0B
IOAR0B
ETCR0B
MAR1A
DTC
IOAR1A
ETCR1A
MAR1B
IOAR1B
ETCR1B
Second transfer area
using chain transfer
DMAWER
DMATCR
DMACR0A
DMACR0B
DMACR1A
DMACR1B
DMABCR
Figure 7.2 Areas for Register Re-Setting by DTC (Example: Channel 0A)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
WE1B
WE1A
WE0B
WE0A
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
DMAWER is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls enabling or disabling of writes to
DMACR, DMABCR, and DMATCR by the DTC.
DMAWER is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: Read-only bits, always read as 0.
Bit 3—Write Enable 1B (WE1B): Enables or disables writes to all bits in DMACR1B, bits 11, 7,
and 3 in DMABCR, and bit 5 in DMATCR, by the DTC.
Bit 3
WE1B
Description
0
Writes to all bits in DMACR1B, bits 11, 7, and 3 in DMABCR, and bit 5 in DMATCR
are disabled
(Initial value)
1
Writes to all bits in DMACR1B, bits 11, 7, and 3 in DMABCR, and bit 5 in DMATCR
are enabled
Bit 2—Write Enable 1A (WE1A): Enables or disables writes to all bits in DMACR1A, and bits
10, 6, and 2 in DMABCR, by the DTC.
Bit 2
WE1A
Description
0
Writes to all bits in DMACR1A, and bits 10, 6, and 2 in DMABCR are disabled
(Initial value)
1
Writes to all bits in DMACR1A, and bits 10, 6, and 2 in DMABCR are enabled
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Bit 1—Write Enable 0B (WE0B): Enables or disables writes to all bits in DMACR0B, bits 9, 5,
and 1 in DMABCR, and bit 4 in DMATCR, by the DTC.
Bit 1
WE0B
Description
0
Writes to all bits in DMACR0B, bits 9, 5, and 1 in DMABCR, and bit 4 in DMATCR
are disabled
(Initial value)
1
Writes to all bits in DMACR0B, bits 9, 5, and 1 in DMABCR, and bit 4 in DMATCR
are enabled
Bit 0—Write Enable 0A (WE0A): Enables or disables writes to all bits in DMACR0A, and bits
8, 4, and 0 in DMABCR, by the DTC.
Bit 0
WE0A
Description
0
Writes to all bits in DMACR0A, and bits 8, 4, and 0 in DMABCR are disabled
(Initial value)
1
Writes to all bits in DMACR0A, and bits 8, 4, and 0 in DMABCR are enabled
Writes by the DTC to bits 15 to 12 (FAE and SAE) in DMABCR are invalid regardless of the
DMAWER settings. These bits should be changed, if necessary, by CPU processing.
In writes by the DTC to bits 7 to 4 (DTE) in DMABCR, 1 can be written without first reading 0.
To reactivate a channel set to full address mode, write 1 to both Write Enable A and Write Enable
B for the channel to be reactivated.
MAR, IOAR, and ETCR are always write-enabled regardless of the DMAWER settings. When
modifying these registers, the channel for which the modification is to be made should be halted.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.4.2
Bit
DMA Terminal Control Register (DMATCR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
TEE1
TEE0
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
:
DMATCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls enabling or disabling of DMAC
transfer end pin output. A port can be set for output automatically, and a transfer end signal
output, by setting the appropriate bit.
DMATCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 and 6—Reserved: Read-only bits, always read as 0.
Bit 5—Transfer End Enable 1 (TEE1): Enables or disables transfer end pin 1 (TEND1) output.
Bit 5
TEE1
Description
0
TEND1 pin output disabled
1
TEND1 pin output enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Transfer End Enable 0 (TEE0): Enables or disables transfer end pin 0 (TEND0) output.
Bit 4
TEE0
Description
0
TEND0 pin output disabled
1
TEND0 pin output enabled
(Initial value)
The TEND pins are assigned only to channel B in short address mode.
The transfer end signal indicates the transfer cycle in which the transfer counter reached 0,
regardless of the transfer source. An exception is block transfer mode, in which the transfer end
signal indicates the transfer cycle in which the block counter reached 0.
Bits 3 to 0—Reserved: Read-only bits, always read as 0.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.4.3
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP15 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, the DMAC operation stops at the end of the bus
cycle and a transition is made to module stop mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop
Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 15—Module Stop (MSTP15): Specifies the DMAC module stop mode.
Bits 15
MSTP15
Description
0
DMAC module stop mode cleared
1
DMAC module stop mode set
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(Initial value)
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5
Operation
7.5.1
Transfer Modes
Table 7.5 lists the DMAC modes.
Table 7.5
DMAC Transfer Modes
Transfer Mode
Transfer Source
Remarks
Short
address
mode
•
TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input
capture A interrupt
•
Up to 4 channels can
operate independently
•
•
SCI transmit-dataempty interrupt
External request
applies to channel B
only
•
SCI receive-data-full
interrupt
•
•
A/D converter
conversion end
interrupt
Single address mode
applies to channel B
only
•
Modes (1), (2), and (3)
can also be specified
for single address
mode
•
Max. 2-channel
operation, combining
channels A and B
•
With auto-request,
burst mode transfer or
cycle steal transfer
can be selected
Dual
(1) Sequential
address
mode
mode
(2) Idle mode
(3) Repeat mode
•
External request
•
External request
•
Auto-request
•
TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input
capture A interrupt
•
SCI transmit-dataempty interrupt
•
SCI receive-data-full
interrupt
•
A/D converter
conversion end
interrupt
•
External request
(4) Single address mode
Full
address
mode
(5) Normal mode
(6) Block transfer mode
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Operation in each mode is summarized below.
Sequential Mode: In response to a single transfer request, the specified number of transfers are
carried out, one byte or one word at a time. An interrupt request can be sent to the CPU or DTC
when the specified number of transfers have been completed. One address is specified as 24 bits,
and the other as 16 bits. The transfer direction is programmable.
Idle Mode: In response to a single transfer request, the specified number of transfers are carried
out, one byte or one word at a time. An interrupt request can be sent to the CPU or DTC when the
specified number of transfers have been completed. One address is specified as 24 bits, and the
other as 16 bits. The transfer source address and transfer destination address are fixed. The transfer
direction is programmable.
Repeat Mode: In response to a single transfer request, the specified number of transfers are
carried out, one byte or one word at a time. When the specified number of transfers have been
completed, the addresses and transfer counter are restored to their original settings, and operation
is continued. No interrupt request is sent to the CPU or DTC. One address is specified as 24 bits,
and the other as 16 bits. The transfer direction is programmable.
Single Address Mode: In response to a single transfer request, the specified number of transfers
are carried out between external memory and an external device, one byte or one word at a time.
Unlike dual address mode, source and destination accesses are performed in parallel. Therefore,
either the source or the destination is an external device which can be accessed with a strobe alone,
using the DACK pin. One address is specified as 24 bits, and for the other, the pin is set
automatically. The transfer direction is programmable.
Sequential mode, idle mode, and repeat mode can also be specified for single address mode.
Normal Mode
• Auto-request
By means of register settings only, the DMAC is activated, and transfer continues until the
specified number of transfers have been completed. An interrupt request can be sent to the
CPU or DTC when transfer is completed. Both addresses are specified as 24 bits.
⎯ Cycle steal mode
The bus is released to another bus master after each byte or word transfer.
⎯ Burst mode
⎯ The bus is held and transfer continued until the specified number of transfers have been
completed.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
• External request
In response to a single transfer request, the specified number of transfers are carried out, one
byte or one word at a time. An interrupt request can be sent to the CPU or DTC when the
specified number of transfers have been completed. Both addresses are specified as 24 bits.
Block Transfer Mode: In response to a single transfer request, a block transfer of the specified
block size is carried out. This is repeated the specified number of times, once each time there is a
transfer request. At the end of each single block transfer, one address is restored to its original
setting. An interrupt request can be sent to the CPU or DTC when the specified number of block
transfers have been completed. Both addresses are specified as 24 bits.
7.5.2
Sequential Mode
Sequential mode can be specified by clearing the RPE bit in DMACR to 0. In sequential mode,
MAR is updated after each byte or word transfer in response to a single transfer request, and this is
executed the number of times specified in ETCR.
One address is specified by MAR, and the other by IOAR. The transfer direction can be specified
by the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
Table 7.6 summarizes register functions in sequential mode.
Table 7.6
Register Functions in Sequential Mode
Function
Register
DTDIR = 0 DTDIR = 1 Initial Setting
23
0 Source
address
register
MAR
23
15
H'FF
15
address
register
address
register
0 Transfer counter
ETCR
Legend:
MAR:
IOAR:
ETCR:
DTDIR:
Incremented/
Destination Start address of
transfer destination decremented every
address
transfer
or transfer source
register
0 Destination Source
IOAR
Operation
Start address of
Fixed
transfer source or
transfer destination
Number of transfers Decremented every
transfer; transfer
ends when count
reaches H'0000
Memory address register
I/O address register
Execute transfer count register
Data transfer direction bit
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
MAR specifies the start address of the transfer source or transfer destination as 24 bits. MAR is
incremented or decremented by 1 or 2 each time a byte or word is transferred.
IOAR specifies the lower 16 bits of the other address. The 8 bits above IOAR have a value of
H'FF.
Figure 7.3 illustrates operation in sequential mode.
Transfer
Address T
IOAR
1 byte or word transfer performed in
response to 1 transfer request
Legend:
Address T = L
Address B = L + (–1)DTID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
Where : L = Value set in MAR
N = Value set in ETCR
Address B
Figure 7.3 Operation in Sequential Mode
The number of transfers is specified as 16 bits in ETCR. ETCR is decremented by 1 each time a
transfer is executed, and when its value reaches H'0000, the DTE bit is cleared and transfer ends.
If the DTIE bit is set to 1 at this time, an interrupt request is sent to the CPU or DTC.
The maximum number of transfers, when H'0000 is set in ETCR, is 65,536.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Transfer requests (activation sources) consist of A/D converter conversion end interrupts, external
requests, SCI transmission data empty/reception data full interrupts, and TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input capture A interrupts. External requests can be set for channel B only.
Figure 7.4 shows an example of the setting procedure for sequential mode.
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Clear the FAE bit to 0 to select short address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
Sequential mode setting
Set DMABCRH
[1]
[2] Set the transfer source address and transfer
destination address in MAR and IOAR.
[3] Set the number of transfers in ETCR.
Set transfer source
and transfer destination
addresses
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
[4] Set each bit in DMACR.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MAR is to be incremented or
decremented with the DTID bit.
• Clear the RPE bit to 0 to select sequential
mode.
• Specify the transfer direction with the DTDIR
bit.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read the DTE bit in DMABCRL as 0.
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Specify enabling or disabling of transfer end
interrupts with the DTIE bit.
• Set the DTE bit to 1 to enable transfer.
Sequential mode
Figure 7.4 Example of Sequential Mode Setting Procedure
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.3
Idle Mode
Idle mode can be specified by setting the RPE bit and DTIE bit in DMACR to 1. In idle mode, one
byte or word is transferred in response to a single transfer request, and this is executed the number
of times specified in ETCR.
One address is specified by MAR, and the other by IOAR. The transfer direction can be specified
by the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
Table 7.7 summarizes register functions in idle mode.
Table 7.7
Register Functions in Idle Mode
Function
Register
DTDIR = 0 DTDIR = 1 Initial Setting
23
0 Source
address
register
MAR
23
15
H'FF
Destination Start address of
address
transfer destination
register
or transfer source
0 Destination Source
IOAR
15
address
register
address
register
0 Transfer counter
ETCR
Start address of
transfer source or
transfer destination
Operation
Fixed
Fixed
Number of transfers Decremented every
transfer; transfer
ends when count
reaches H'0000
Legend:
MAR: Memory address register
IOAR: I/O address register
ETCR: Execute transfer count register
DTDIR: Data transfer direction bit
MAR specifies the start address of the transfer source or transfer destination as 24 bits. MAR is
neither incremented nor decremented each time a byte or word is transferred.
IOAR specifies the lower 16 bits of the other address. The 8 bits above IOAR have a value of
H'FF.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.5 illustrates operation in idle mode.
MAR
Transfer
IOAR
1 byte or word transfer performed in
response to 1 transfer request
Figure 7.5 Operation in Idle Mode
The number of transfers is specified as 16 bits in ETCR. ETCR is decremented by 1 each time a
transfer is executed, and when its value reaches H'0000, the DTE bit is cleared and transfer ends.
If the DTIE bit is set to 1 at this time, an interrupt request is sent to the CPU or DTC.
The maximum number of transfers, when H'0000 is set in ETCR, is 65,536.
Transfer requests (activation sources) consist of A/D converter conversion end interrupts, external
requests, SCI transmission data empty and reception data full interrupts, and TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input capture A interrupts. External requests can be set for channel B only.
When the DMAC is used in single address mode, only channel B can be set.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.6 shows an example of the setting procedure for idle mode.
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Clear the FAE bit to 0 to select short address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
Idle mode setting
Set DMABCRH
[1]
[2] Set the transfer source address and transfer
destination address in MAR and IOAR.
[3] Set the number of transfers in ETCR.
Set transfer source
and transfer destination
addresses
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
[4] Set each bit in DMACR.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MAR is to be incremented or
decremented with the DTID bit.
• Set the RPE bit to 1.
• Specify the transfer direction with the DTDIR
bit.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read the DTE bit in DMABCRL as 0.
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Set the DTIE bit to 1.
• Set the DTE bit to 1 to enable transfer.
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
Idle mode
Figure 7.6 Example of Idle Mode Setting Procedure
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.4
Repeat Mode
Repeat mode can be specified by setting the RPE bit in DMACR to 1, and clearing the DTIE bit to
0. In repeat mode, MAR is updated after each byte or word transfer in response to a single transfer
request, and this is executed the number of times specified in ETCR. On completion of the
specified number of transfers, MAR and ETCRL are automatically restored to their original
settings and operation continues.
One address is specified by MAR, and the other by IOAR. The transfer direction can be specified
by the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
Table 7.8 summarizes register functions in repeat mode.
Table 7.8
Register Functions in Repeat Mode
Function
Register
DTDIR = 0 DTDIR = 1 Initial Setting
23
0 Source
address
register
MAR
23
15
H'FF
Destination Start address of
Incremented/
address
transfer destination decremented every
register
or transfer source
transfer. Initial
setting is restored
when value reaches
H'0000
0 Destination Source
address
register
IOAR
address
register
0 Holds number of
7
Fixed
Start address of
transfer source or
transfer destination
Number of transfers Fixed
transfers
ETCRH
7
Operation
0
Transfer counter
ETCRL
Number of transfers Decremented every
transfer. Loaded with
ETCRH value when
count reaches H'00
Legend:
MAR: Memory address register
IOAR: I/O address register
ETCR: Execute transfer count register
DTDIR: Data transfer direction bit
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
MAR specifies the start address of the transfer source or transfer destination as 24 bits. MAR is
incremented or decremented by 1 or 2 each time a byte or word is transferred.
IOAR specifies the lower 16 bits of the other address. The 8 bits above IOAR have a value of
H'FF.
The number of transfers is specified as 8 bits by ETCRH and ETCRL. The maximum number of
transfers, when H'00 is set in both ETCRH and ETCRL, is 256.
In repeat mode, ETCRL functions as the transfer counter, and ETCRH is used to hold the number
of transfers. ETCRL is decremented by 1 each time a transfer is executed, and when its value
reaches H'00, it is loaded with the value in ETCRH. At the same time, the value set in MAR is
restored in accordance with the values of the DTSZ and DTID bits in DMACR. The MAR
restoration operation is as shown below.
MAR = MAR – (–1)DTID · 2DTSZ · ETCRH
The same value should be set in ETCRH and ETCRL.
In repeat mode, operation continues until the DTE bit is cleared. To end the transfer operation,
therefore, the DTE bit should be cleared to 0. A transfer end interrupt request is not sent to the
CPU or DTC.
By setting the DTE bit to 1 again after it has been cleared, the operation can be restarted from the
transfer after that terminated when the DTE bit was cleared.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.7 illustrates operation in repeat mode.
Address T
Transfer
IOAR
1 byte or word transfer performed in
response to 1 transfer request
Address B
Legend:
Address T = L
Address B = L + (–1)DTID · (2DTSZ · (N –1))
Where : L = Value set in MAR
N = Value set in ETCR
Figure 7.7 Operation in Repeat mode
Transfer requests (activation sources) consist of A/D converter conversion end interrupts, external
requests, SCI transmission data empty and reception data full interrupts, and TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input capture A interrupts. External requests can be set for channel B only.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.8 shows an example of the setting procedure for repeat mode.
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Clear the FAE bit to 0 to select short address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
Repeat mode setting
Set DMABCRH
[1]
[2] Set the transfer source address and transfer
destination address in MAR and IOAR.
[3] Set the number of transfers in both ETCRH and
ETCRL.
Set transfer source
and transfer destination
addresses
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
[4] Set each bit in DMACR.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MAR is to be incremented or
decremented with the DTID bit.
• Set the RPE bit to 1.
• Specify the transfer direction with the DTDIR
bit.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read the DTE bit in DMABCRL as 0.
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Clear the DTIE bit to 0.
• Set the DTE bit to 1 to enable transfer.
Repeat mode
Figure 7.8 Example of Repeat Mode Setting Procedure
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.5
Single Address Mode
Single address mode can only be specified for channel B. This mode can be specified by setting
the SAE bit in DMABCR to 1 in short address mode.
One address is specified by MAR, and the other is set automatically to the data transfer
acknowledge pin (DACK). The transfer direction can be specified by the DTDIR bit in DMACR.
Table 7.9 summarizes register functions in single address mode.
Table 7.9
Register Functions in Single Address Mode
Function
Register
DTDIR = 0 DTDIR = 1 Initial Setting
23
0 Source
MAR
DACK pin
15
address
register
Destination Start address of
address
transfer destination
register
or transfer source
Write
strobe
Read
strobe
0 Transfer counter
Operation
*
(Set automatically Strobe for external
by SAE bit; IOAR is device
invalid)
Number of transfers *
ETCR
Legend:
MAR: Memory address register
IOAR: I/O address register
ETCR: Execute transfer register
DTDIR: Data transfer direction bit
DACK: Data transfer acknowledge
Note: * See the operation descriptions in sections 7.5.2, Sequential Mode, 7.5.3, Idle Mode, and
7.5.4, Repeat Mode.
MAR specifies the start address of the transfer source or transfer destination as 24 bits.
IOAR is invalid; in its place the strobe for external devices (DACK) is output.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.9 illustrates operation in single address mode (when sequential mode is specified).
Address T
Transfer
DACK
1 byte or word transfer performed in
response to 1 transfer request
Address B
Legend:
Address T = L
Address B = L + (–1)DTID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
Where : L = Value set in MAR
N = Value set in ETCR
Figure 7.9 Operation in Single Address Mode (When Sequential Mode is Specified)
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.10 shows an example of the setting procedure for single address mode (when sequential
mode is specified).
Single address
mode setting
Set DMABCRH
Set transfer source and
transfer destination
addresses
[1]
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Clear the FAE bit to 0 to select short address
mode.
• Set the SAE bit to 1 to select single address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
[2] Set the transfer source address/transfer
destination address in MAR.
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
[3] Set the number of transfers in ETCR.
[4] Set each bit in DMACR.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MAR is to be incremented or
decremented with the DTID bit.
• Clear the RPE bit to 0 to select sequential
mode.
• Specify the transfer direction with the DTDIR
bit.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read the DTE bit in DMABCRL as 0.
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Specify enabling or disabling of transfer end
interrupts with the DTIE bit.
• Set the DTE bit to 1 to enable transfer.
Single address mode
Figure 7.10 Example of Single Address Mode Setting Procedure
(When Sequential Mode is Specified)
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7.5.6
Normal Mode
In normal mode, transfer is performed with channels A and B used in combination. Normal mode
can be specified by setting the FAE bit in DMABCR to 1 and clearing the BLKE bit in DMACRA
to 0.
In normal mode, MAR is updated after each byte or word transfer in response to a single transfer
request, and this is executed the number of times specified in ETCRA. The transfer source is
specified by MARA, and the transfer destination by MARB.
Table 7.10 summarizes register functions in normal mode.
Table 7.10 Register Functions in Normal Mode
Register
Function
23
0 Source address
MARA
23
register
0 Destination
MARB
15
address register
0 Transfer counter
ETCRA
Initial Setting
Operation
Start address of
transfer source
Incremented/decremented
every transfer, or fixed
Start address of
Incremented/decremented
transfer destination every transfer, or fixed
Number of transfers Decremented every
transfer; transfer ends
when count reaches
H'0000
Legend:
MARA: Memory address register A
MARB: Memory address register B
ETCRA: Execute transfer count register A
MARA and MARB specify the start addresses of the transfer source and transfer destination,
respectively, as 24 bits. MAR can be incremented or decremented by 1 or 2 each time a byte or
word is transferred, or can be fixed.
Incrementing, decrementing, or holding a fixed value can be set separately for MARA and
MARB.
The number of transfers is specified by ETCRA as 16 bits. ETCRA is decremented each time a
transfer is performed, and when its value reaches H'0000 the DTE bit is cleared and transfer ends.
If the DTIE bit is set to 1 at this time, an interrupt request is sent to the CPU or DTC.
The maximum number of transfers, when H'0000 is set in ETCRA, is 65,536.
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Figure 7.11 illustrates operation in normal mode.
Address TA
Transfer
Address TB
Address BB
Address BA
Legend:
Address
Address
Address
Address
Where :
TA
TB
BA
BB
LA
LB
N
= LA
= LB
= LA + SAIDE · (–1)SAID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
= LB + DAIDE · (–1)DAID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
= Value set in MARA
= Value set in MARB
= Value set in ETCRA
Figure 7.11 Operation in Normal Mode
Transfer requests (activation sources) are external requests and auto-requests.
With auto-request, the DMAC is only activated by register setting, and the specified number of
transfers are performed automatically. With auto-request, cycle steal mode or burst mode can be
selected. In cycle steal mode, the bus is released to another bus master each time a transfer is
performed. In burst mode, the bus is held continuously until transfer ends.
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For setting details, see section 7.3.4, DMA Control Register (DMACR).
Figure 7.12 shows an example of the setting procedure for normal mode.
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Set the FAE bit to 1 to select full address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
Normal mode setting
Set DMABCRH
[1]
[2] Set the transfer source address in MARA, and
the transfer destination address in MARB.
[3] Set the number of transfers in ETCRA.
Set transfer source and
transfer destination
addresses
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
[4] Set each bit in DMACRA and DMACRB.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MARA is to be incremented,
decremented, or fixed, with the SAID and
SAIDE bits.
• Clear the BLKE bit to 0 to select normal
mode.
• Specify whether MARB is to be incremented,
decremented, or fixed, with the DAID and
DAIDE bits.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read DTE = 0 and DTME = 0 in DMABCRL.
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Specify enabling or disabling of transfer end
interrupts with the DTIE bit.
• Set both the DTME bit and the DTE bit to 1 to
enable transfer.
Normal mode
Figure 7.12 Example of Normal Mode Setting Procedure
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7.5.7
Block Transfer Mode
In block transfer mode, transfer is performed with channels A and B used in combination. Block
transfer mode can be specified by setting the FAE bit in DMABCR and the BLKE bit in
DMACRA to 1.
In block transfer mode, a transfer of the specified block size is carried out in response to a single
transfer request, and this is executed the specified number of times. The transfer source is
specified by MARA, and the transfer destination by MARB. Either the transfer source or the
transfer destination can be selected as a block area (an area composed of a number of bytes or
words).
Table 7.11 summarizes register functions in block transfer mode.
Table 7.11 Register Functions in Block Transfer Mode
Register
Function
23
0 Source address
register
MARA
23
0 Destination
address register
MARB
0 Holds block
7
ETCRAH
Initial Setting
Operation
Start address of
transfer source
Incremented/decremented
every transfer, or fixed
Start address of
Incremented/decremented
transfer destination every transfer, or fixed
Block size
Fixed
Block size
Decremented every
transfer; ETCRH value
copied when count reaches
H'00
Number of block
transfers
Decremented every block
transfer; transfer ends
when count reaches
H'0000
size
Block size
0 counter
7
ETCRAL
15
0 Block transfer
ETCRB
Legend:
MARA:
MARB:
ETCRA:
ETCRB:
counter
Memory address register A
Memory address register B
Execute transfer count register A
Execute transfer count register B
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MARA and MARB specify the start addresses of the transfer source and transfer destination,
respectively, as 24 bits. MAR can be incremented or decremented by 1 or 2 each time a byte or
word is transferred, or can be fixed.
Incrementing, decrementing, or holding a fixed value can be set separately for MARA and
MARB.
Whether a block is to be designated for MARA or for MARB is specified by the BLKDIR bit in
DMACRA.
To specify the number of transfers, if M is the size of one block (where M = 1 to 256) and N
transfers are to be performed (where N = 1 to 65,536), M is set in both ETCRAH and ETCRAL,
and N in ETCRB.
Figure 7.13 illustrates operation in block transfer mode when MARB is designated as a block area.
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Address TB
Address TA
1st block
2nd block
Block area
Transfer
Consecutive transfer
of M bytes or words
is performed in
response to one
request
Address BB
Nth block
Address BA
Legend:
Address
Address
Address
Address
Where :
TA
TB
BA
BB
LA
LB
N
M
= LA
= LB
= LA + SAIDE · (–1)SAID · (2DTSZ · (M·N–1))
= LB + DAIDE · (–1)DAID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
= Value set in MARA
= Value set in MARB
= Value set in ETCRB
= Value set in ETCRAH and ETCRAL
Figure 7.13 Operation in Block Transfer Mode (BLKDIR = 0)
Figure 7.14 illustrates operation in block transfer mode when MARA is designated as a block area.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Address TA
Address TB
Block area
Transfer
1st block
Consecutive transfer
of M bytes or words
is performed in
response to one
request
Address BA
2nd block
Nth block
Address BB
Legend:
Address
Address
Address
Address
Where :
TA
TB
BA
BB
LA
LB
N
M
= LA
= LB
= LA + SAIDE · (–1)SAID · (2DTSZ · (N–1))
= LB + DAIDE · (–1)DAID · (2DTSZ · (M·N–1))
= Value set in MARA
= Value set in MARB
= Value set in ETCRB
= Value set in ETCRAH and ETCRAL
Figure 7.14 Operation in Block Transfer Mode (BLKDIR = 1)
ETCRAL is decremented by 1 each time a byte or word transfer is performed. In response to a
single transfer request, burst transfer is performed until the value in ETCRAL reaches H'00.
ETCRAL is then loaded with the value in ETCRAH. At this time, the value in the MAR register
for which a block designation has been given by the BLKDIR bit in DMACRA is restored in
accordance with the DTSZ, SAID/DAID, and SAIDE/DAIDE bits in DMACR.
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ETCRB is decremented by 1 after every block transfer, and when the count reaches H'0000 the
DTE bit is cleared and transfer ends. If the DTIE bit is set to 1 at this point, an interrupt request is
sent to the CPU or DTC.
Figure 7.15 shows the operation flow in block transfer mode.
Start
(DTE = DTME = 1)
Transfer request?
No
Yes
Acquire bus
Read address specified by MARA
MARA = MARA + SAIDE · (–1)SAID · 2DTSZ
Write to address specified by MARB
MARB = MARB + DAIDE · (–1)DAID · 2DTSZ
ETCRAL = ETCRAL – 1
ETCRAL = H'00
No
Yes
Release bus
ETCRAL = ETCRAH
BLKDIR = 0
No
Yes
MARB = MARB – DAIDE · (–1)DAID · 2DTSZ · ETCRAH
MARA = MARA – SAIDE · (–1)SAID · 2DTSZ · ETCRAH
ETCRB = ETCRB – 1
No
ETCRB = H'0000
Yes
Clear DTE bit to 0
to end transfer
Figure 7.15 Operation Flow in Block Transfer Mode
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Transfer requests (activation sources) consist of A/D converter conversion end interrupts, external
requests, SCI transmission data empty and reception data full interrupts, and TPU channel 0 to 5
compare match/input capture A interrupts.
For details, see section 7.3.4, DMA Control Register (DMACR).
Figure 7.16 shows an example of the setting procedure for block transfer mode.
[1] Set each bit in DMABCRH.
• Set the FAE bit to 1 to select full address
mode.
• Specify enabling or disabling of internal
interrupt clearing with the DTA bit.
Block transfer
mode setting
Set DMABCRH
Set transfer source
and transfer destination
addresses
[1]
[2]
Set number of transfers
[3]
Set DMACR
[4]
Read DMABCRL
[5]
Set DMABCRL
[6]
[2] Set the transfer source address in MARA, and
the transfer destination address in MARB.
[3] Set the block size in both ETCRAH and
ETCRAL. Set the number of transfers in
ETCRB.
[4] Set each bit in DMACRA and DMACRB.
• Set the transfer data size with the DTSZ bit.
• Specify whether MARA is to be incremented,
decremented, or fixed, with the SAID and
SAIDE bits.
• Set the BLKE bit to 1 to select block transfer
mode.
• Specify whether the transfer source or the
transfer destination is a block area with the
BLKDIR bit.
• Specify whether MARB is to be incremented,
decremented, or fixed, with the DAID and
DAIDE bits.
• Select the activation source with bits DTF3 to
DTF0.
[5] Read DTE = 0 and DTME = 0 in DMABCRL.
Block transfer mode
[6] Set each bit in DMABCRL.
• Specify enabling or disabling of transfer end
interrupts to the CPU with the DTIE bit.
• Set both the DTME bit and the DTE bit to 1 to
enable transfer.
Figure 7.16 Example of Block Transfer Mode Setting Procedure
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7.5.8
DMAC Activation Sources
DMAC activation sources consist of internal interrupts, external requests, and auto-requests. The
activation sources that can be specified depend on the transfer mode and the channel, as shown in
table 7.12.
Table 7.12 DMAC Activation Sources
Short Address Mode
Activation Source
Internal
Interrupts
External
Requests
Channels
0A and 1A
Channels
0B and 1B
Full Address Mode
Normal
Mode
ADI
X
TXI0
X
RXI0
X
TXI1
X
RXI1
X
TGI0A
X
TGI1A
X
TGI2A
X
TGI3A
X
TGI4A
X
TGI5A
X
DREQ pin falling edge input
X
DREQ pin low-level input
X
Auto-request
X
X
Block
Transfer
Mode
X
Legend:
: Can be specified
X : Cannot be specified
Activation by Internal Interrupt: An interrupt request selected as a DMAC activation source
can be sent simultaneously to the CPU and DTC. For details, see section 5, Interrupt Controller.
With activation by an internal interrupt, the DMAC accepts the request independently of the
interrupt controller. Consequently, interrupt controller priority settings are irrelevant.
If the DMAC is activated by a CPU interrupt source or an interrupt source that is not used as a
DTC activation source (DTA = 1), the interrupt source flag is cleared automatically by the DMA
transfer. With ADI, TXI, and RXI interrupts, however, the interrupt source flag is not cleared
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unless the prescribed register is accessed in a DMA transfer. If the same interrupt is used as an
activation source for more than one channel, the interrupt request flag is cleared when the highestpriority channel is activated first. Transfer requests for other channels are held pending in the
DMAC, and activation is carried out in order of priority.
When DTE = 0, such as after completion of a transfer, a request from the selected activation
source is not sent to the DMAC, regardless of the DTA bit. In this case, the relevant interrupt
request is sent to the CPU or DTC.
In case of overlap with a CPU interrupt source or DTC activation source (DTA = 0), the interrupt
request flag is not cleared by the DMAC.
Activation by External Request: If an external request (DREQ pin) is specified as an activation
source, the relevant port should be set to input mode in advance.
Level sensing or edge sensing can be used for external requests.
External request operation in normal mode (short address mode or full address mode) is described
below.
When edge sensing is selected, a 1-byte or 1-word transfer is executed each time a high-to-low
transition is detected on the DREQ pin. The next transfer may not be performed if the next edge is
input before transfer is completed.
When level sensing is selected, the DMAC stands by for a transfer request while the DREQ pin is
held high. While the DREQ pin is held low, transfers continue in succession, with the bus being
released each time a byte or word is transferred. If the DREQ pin goes high in the middle of a
transfer, the transfer is interrupted and the DMAC stands by for a transfer request.
Activation by Auto-Request: Auto-request activation is performed by register setting only, and
transfer continues to the end.
With auto-request activation, cycle steal mode or burst mode can be selected.
In cycle steal mode, the DMAC releases the bus to another bus master each time a byte or word is
transferred. DMA and CPU cycles usually alternate.
In burst mode, the DMAC keeps possession of the bus until the end of the transfer, and transfer is
performed continuously.
Single Address Mode: The DMAC can operate in dual address mode in which read cycles and
write cycles are separate cycles, or single address mode in which read and write cycles are
executed in parallel.
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In dual address mode, transfer is performed with the source address and destination address
specified separately.
In single address mode, on the other hand, transfer is performed between external space in which
either the transfer source or the transfer destination is specified by an address, and an external
device for which selection is performed by means of the DACK strobe, without regard to the
address. Figure 7.16 shows the data bus in single address mode.
RD
HWR, LWR
A23 to A0
Address bus
External
memory
(Read)
D15 to D0
(high impedance)
Data bus
Chip
(Write)
External
device
DACK
Figure 7.17 Data Bus in Single Address Mode
When using the DMAC for single address mode reading, transfer is performed from external
memory to the external device, and the DACK pin functions as a write strobe for the external
device. When using the DMAC for single address mode writing, transfer is performed from the
external device to external memory, and the DACK pin functions as a read strobe for the external
device. Since there is no directional control for the external device, one or other of the above
single directions should be used.
Bus cycles in single address mode are in accordance with the settings of the bus controller for the
external memory area. On the external device side, DACK is output in synchronization with the
address strobe. For details of bus cycles, see section 7.5.11, DMAC Bus Cycles (Single Address
Mode).
Do not specify internal space for transfer addresses in single address mode.
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7.5.9
Basic DMAC Bus Cycles
An example of the basic DMAC bus cycle timing is shown in figure 7.18. In this example, wordsize transfer is performed from 16-bit , 2-state access space to 8-bit, 3-state access space. When
the bus is transferred from the CPU to the DMAC, a source address read and destination address
write are performed. The bus is not released in response to another bus request, etc., between these
read and write operations. As with CPU cycles, DMA cycles conform to the bus controller
settings.
CPU cycle
DMAC cycle (1-word transfer)
T1
T2
T1
T2
T3
T1
T2
CPU cycle
T3
φ
Source
address
Destination address
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
Figure 7.18 Example of DMA Transfer Bus Timing
The address is not output to the external address bus in an access to on-chip memory or an internal
I/O register.
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7.5.10
DMAC Bus Cycles (Dual Address Mode)
Short Address Mode: Figure 7.19 shows a transfer example in which TEND output is enabled
and byte-size short address mode transfer (sequential/idle/repeat mode) is performed from external
8-bit, 2-state access space to internal I/O space.
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
TEND
Bus release
Bus release
Bus release
Last transfer
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.19 Example of Short Address Mode Transfer
A one-byte or one-word transfer is performed for one transfer request, and after the transfer the
bus is released. While the bus is released one or more bus cycles are executed by the CPU or DTC.
In the transfer end cycle (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a one-state DMA dead
cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
In repeat mode, when TEND output is enabled, TEND output goes low in the transfer cycle in
which the transfer counter reaches 0.
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Full Address Mode (Cycle Steal Mode): Figure 7.20 shows a transfer example in which TEND
output is enabled and word-size full address mode transfer (cycle steal mode) is performed from
external 16-bit, 2-state access space to external 16-bit, 2-state access space.
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
TEND
Bus release
Bus release
Bus release
Last transfer
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.20 Example of Full Address Mode (Cycle Steal) Transfer
A one-byte or one-word transfer is performed, and after the transfer the bus is released. While the
bus is released one bus cycle is executed by the CPU or DTC.
In the transfer end cycle (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a one-state DMA dead
cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
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Full Address Mode (Burst Mode): Figure 7.21 shows a transfer example in which TEND output
is enabled and word-size full address mode transfer (burst mode) is performed from external 16bit, 2-state access space to external 16-bit, 2-state access space.
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
TEND
Last transfer cycle
Bus release
Bus release
Burst transfer
Figure 7.21 Example of Full Address Mode (Burst Mode) Transfer
In burst mode, one-byte or one-word transfers are executed consecutively until transfer ends.
In the transfer end cycle (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a one-state DMA dead
cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
If a request from another higher-priority channel is generated after burst transfer starts, that
channel has to wait until the burst transfer ends.
If an NMI is generated while a channel designated for burst transfer is in the transfer enabled state,
the DTME bit is cleared and the channel is placed in the transfer disabled state. If burst transfer
has already been activated inside the DMAC, the bus is released on completion of a one-byte or
one-word transfer within the burst transfer, and burst transfer is suspended. If the last transfer
cycle of the burst transfer has already been activated inside the DMAC, execution continues to the
end of the transfer even if the DTME bit is cleared.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Full Address Mode (Block Transfer Mode): Figure 7.22 shows a transfer example in which
TEND output is enabled and word-size full address mode transfer (block transfer mode) is
performed from internal 16-bit, 1-state access space to external 16-bit, 2-state access space.
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
TEND
Bus release
Block transfer
Bus release
Last block transfer
Bus
release
Figure 7.22 Example of Full Address Mode (Block Transfer Mode) Transfer
A one-block transfer is performed for one transfer request, and after the transfer the bus is
released. While the bus is released, one or more bus cycles are executed by the CPU or DTC.
In the transfer end cycle of each block (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a onestate DMA dead cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
One block is transmitted without interruption. NMI generation does not affect block transfer
operation.
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DREQ Pin Falling Edge Activation Timing: Set the DTA bit for the channel for which the
DREQ pin is selected to 1.
Figure 7.23 shows an example of DREQ pin falling edge activated normal mode transfer.
DMA
read
Bus release
DMA
write
Bus
release
DMA
read
DMA
write
Bus
release
Transfer source
Transfer destination
φ
DREQ
Address
bus
DMA
control
Channel
Transfer source Transfer destination
Idle
Read
Write
Idle
Read
Request clear period
Request
[1]
[2]
Idle
Request clear period
Request
Minimum
of 2 cycles
Write
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
Acceptance resumes
[6]
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] Start of DMA cycle; DREQ pin high level sampling on the rising edge of φ starts.
[4] [7] When the DREQ pin high level has been sampled, acceptance is resumed after the write cycle
is completed.
(As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.23 Example of DREQ Pin Falling Edge Activated Normal Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared, and DREQ pin high level sampling for edge detection is started. If DREQ pin
high level sampling has been completed by the time the DMA write cycle ends, acceptance
resumes after the end of the write cycle, DREQ pin low level sampling is performed again, and
this operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
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Figure 7.24 shows an example of DREQ pin falling edge activated block transfer mode transfer.
1 block transfer
DMA
read
Bus release
1 block transfer
DMA
write
DMA Bus
dead release
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
Bus
release
φ
DREQ
Address
bus
DMA
control
Channel
Transfer source
Idle
Read
Request
Transfer destination
Write
Dead
Request clear period
Idle
[2]
Read
Write
Transfer destination
Dead
Idle
Request clear period
Request
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[1]
Transfer source
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
Acceptance resumes
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] Start of DMA cycle; DREQ pin high level sampling on the rising edge of φ starts.
[4] [7] When the DREQ pin high level has been sampled, acceptance is resumed after the dead cycle
is completed.
(As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.24 Example of DREQ Pin Falling Edge Activated Block Transfer Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared, and DREQ pin high level sampling for edge detection is started. If DREQ pin
high level sampling has been completed by the time the DMA dead cycle ends, acceptance
resumes after the end of the dead cycle, DREQ pin low level sampling is performed again, and this
operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
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DREQ Level Activation Timing (Normal Mode): Set the DTA bit for the channel for which the
DREQ pin is selected to 1.
Figure 7.25 shows an example of DREQ level activated normal mode transfer.
DMA
read
DMA
write
Transfer source
Transfer destination
Bus
release
DMA
read
DMA
write
Transfer source
Transfer destination
Bus
release
Bus
release
φ
DREQ
Address
bus
DMA
control
Idle
Read
Channel
Request
Write
Idle
Read
Request clear period
[1]
[2]
Idle
Request clear period
Request
Minimum
of 2 cycles
Write
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
Acceptance resumes
[6]
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] The DMA cycle is started.
[4] [7] Acceptance is resumed after the write cycle is completed.
(As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.25 Example of DREQ Level Activated Normal Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared. After the end of the write cycle, acceptance resumes, DREQ pin low level
sampling is performed again, and this operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
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Figure 7.26 shows an example of DREQ level activated block transfer mode transfer.
1 block transfer
DMA
read
Bus release
1 block transfer
DMA
write
DMA
Bus
dead release
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
Bus
release
φ
DREQ
Address
bus
Transfer source
DMA
control
Idle
Channel
Read
Dead
Write
Request clear period
Request
Idle
[2]
Read
Write
Transfer destination
Dead
Idle
Request clear period
Request
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[1]
Transfer source
Transfer destination
Minimum
of 2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
Acceptance resumes
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] The DMA cycle is started.
[4] [7] Acceptance is resumed after the dead cycle is completed.
(As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.26 Example of DREQ Level Activated Block Transfer Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared. After the end of the dead cycle, acceptance resumes, DREQ pin low level
sampling is performed again, and this operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
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7.5.11
DMAC Bus Cycles (Single Address Mode)
Single Address Mode (Read): Figure 7.27 shows a transfer example in which TEND output is
enabled and byte-size single address mode transfer (read) is performed from external 8-bit, 2-state
access space to an external device.
DMA read
DMA read
DMA read
DMA
DMA read dead
φ
Address bus
RD
DACK
TEND
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus Last transfer
release
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.27 Example of Single Address Mode (Byte Read) Transfer
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Figure 7.28 shows a transfer example in which TEND output is enabled and word-size single
address mode transfer (read) is performed from external 8-bit, 2-state access space to an external
device.
DMA read
DMA read
DMA read
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
RD
DACK
TEND
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus
release
Last transfer
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.28 Example of Single Address Mode (Word Read) Transfer
A one-byte or one-word transfer is performed for one transfer request, and after the transfer the
bus is released. While the bus is released, one or more bus cycles are executed by the CPU or
DTC.
In the transfer end cycle (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a one-state DMA dead
cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
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Single Address Mode (Write): Figure 7.29 shows a transfer example in which TEND output is
enabled and byte-size single address mode transfer (write) is performed from an external device to
external 8-bit, 2-state access space.
DMA write
DMA write
DMA write
DMA
DMA write dead
φ
Address bus
HWR
LWR
DACK
TEND
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus Last transfer
release
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.29 Example of Single Address Mode (Byte Write) Transfer
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.30 shows a transfer example in which TEND output is enabled and word-size single
address mode transfer (write) is performed from an external device to external 8-bit, 2-state access
space.
DMA write
DMA write
DMA write
DMA
dead
φ
Address bus
HWR
LWR
DACK
TEND
Bus
release
Bus
release
Bus
release
Last transfer
cycle
Bus
release
Figure 7.30 Example of Single Address Mode (Word Write) Transfer
A one-byte or one-word transfer is performed for one transfer request, and after the transfer the
bus is released. While the bus is released one or more bus cycles are executed by the CPU or DTC.
In the transfer end cycle (the cycle in which the transfer counter reaches 0), a one-state DMA dead
cycle is inserted after the DMA write cycle.
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DREQ Pin Falling Edge Activation Timing: Set the DTA bit for the channel for which the
DREQ pin is selected to 1.
Figure 7.31 shows an example of DREQ pin falling edge activated single address mode transfer.
Bus release
DMA single
Bus release
DMA single
Bus release
φ
DREQ
Transfer source/
destination
Address bus
Transfer source/
destination
DACK
DMA control
Channel
Single
Idle
Request
Single
Idle
Request clear
period
[1]
[2]
Request clear
period
Request
Minimum of
2 cycles
Idle
Minimum of
2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
Acceptance resumes
[6]
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] Start of DMA cycle; DREQ pin high level sampling on the rising edge of φ starts.
[4] [7] When the DREQ pin high level has been sampled, acceptance is resumed after the single
cycle is completed. (As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and
the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.31 Example of DREQ Pin Falling Edge Activated Single Address Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared, and DREQ pin high level sampling for edge detection is started. If DREQ pin
high level sampling has been completed by the time the DMA single cycle ends, acceptance
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
resumes after the end of the single cycle, DREQ pin low level sampling is performed again, and
this operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
DREQ Pin Low Level Activation Timing: Set the DTA bit for the channel for which the DREQ
pin is selected to 1.
Figure 7.32 shows an example of DREQ pin low level activated single address mode transfer.
Bus release
DMA single
Bus release
Bus
release
DMA single
φ
DREQ
Transfer source/
destination
Address bus
Transfer source/
destination
DACK
DMA control
Single
Idle
Channel
Single
Idle
Request clear
period
Request
[1]
[2]
Request clear
period
Request
Minimum of
2 cycles
Idle
Minimum of
2 cycles
[3]
[4]
[5]
Acceptance resumes
[6]
[7]
Acceptance resumes
Acceptance after transfer enabling; the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ,
and the request is held.
[2] [5] The request is cleared at the next bus break, and activation is started in the DMAC.
[3] [6] The DMAC cycle is started.
[4] [7] Acceptance is resumed after the single cycle is completed.
(As in [1], the DREQ pin low level is sampled on the rising edge of φ, and the request is held.)
[1]
Note: In write data buffer mode, bus breaks from [2] to [7] may be hidden, and not visible.
Figure 7.32 Example of DREQ Pin Low Level Activated Single Address Mode Transfer
DREQ pin sampling is performed every cycle, with the rising edge of the next φ cycle after the
end of the DMABCR write cycle for setting the transfer enabled state as the starting point.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
When the DREQ pin low level is sampled while acceptance by means of the DREQ pin is
possible, the request is held in the DMAC. Then, when activation is initiated in the DMAC, the
request is cleared. After the end of the single cycle, acceptance resumes, DREQ pin low level
sampling is performed again, and this operation is repeated until the transfer ends.
7.5.12
Write Data Buffer Function
DMAC internal-to-external dual address transfers and single address transfers can be executed at
high speed using the write data buffer function, enabling system throughput to be improved.
When the WDBE bit of BCRL in the bus controller is set to 1, enabling the write data buffer
function, dual address transfer external write cycles or single address transfers and internal
accesses (on-chip memory or internal I/O registers) are executed in parallel. Internal accesses are
independent of the bus master, and DMAC dead cycles are regarded as internal accesses.
A low level can always be output from the TEND pin if the bus cycle in which a low level is to be
output is an external bus cycle. However, a low level is not output from the TEND pin if the bus
cycle in which a low level is to be output from the TEND pin is an internal bus cycle, and an
external write cycle is executed in parallel with this cycle.
Figure 7.33 shows an example of burst mode transfer from on-chip RAM to external memory
using the write data buffer function.
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
read
DMA
write
DMA
dead
φ
Internal address
Internal read signal
External address
HWR, LWR
TEND
Figure 7.33 Example of Dual Address Transfer Using Write Data Buffer Function
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Figure 7.34 shows an example of single address transfer using the write data buffer function. In
this example, the CPU program area is in on-chip memory.
DMA
read
DMA
single
CPU
read
DMA
single
CPU
read
φ
Internal address
Internal read signal
External address
RD
DACK
Figure 7.34 Example of Single Address Transfer Using Write Data Buffer Function
When the write data buffer function is activated, the DMAC recognizes that the bus cycle
concerned has ended, and starts the next operation. Therefore, DREQ pin sampling is started one
state after the start of the DMA write cycle or single address transfer.
7.5.13
DMAC Multi-Channel Operation
The DMAC channel priority order is: channel 0 > channel 1, and channel A > channel B. Table
7.13 summarizes the priority order for DMAC channels.
Table 7.13 DMAC Channel Priority Order
Short Address Mode
Full Address Mode
Priority
Channel 0A
Channel 0
High
Channel 0B
Channel 1A
Channel 1
Channel 1B
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Low
Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
If transfer requests are issued simultaneously for more than one channel, or if a transfer request for
another channel is issued during a transfer, when the bus is released the DMAC selects the
highest-priority channel from among those issuing a request according to the priority order shown
in table 7.13.
During burst transfer, or when one block is being transferred in block transfer, the channel will not
be changed until the end of the transfer.
Figure 7.35 shows a transfer example in which transfer requests are issued simultaneously for
channels 0A, 0B, and 1.
DMA read
DMA write
DMA read
DMA write
DMA read
DMA
DMA write read
φ
Address bus
RD
HWR
LWR
DMA control Idle Read
Channel 0A
Idle
Write
Read
Write
Idle
Read
Write
Read
Request clear
Channel 0B
Request
hold
Selection
Channel 1
Request
hold
Nonselection
Bus
release
Channel 0A
transfer
Request clear
Request
hold
Bus
release
Selection
Channel 0B
transfer
Request clear
Bus
release
Channel 1 transfer
Figure 7.35 Example of Multi-Channel Transfer
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7.5.14
Relation Between the DMAC and External Bus Requests, Refresh Cycles, and the
DTC
There can be no break between a DMA cycle read and a DMA cycle write. This means that a
refresh cycle, external bus release cycle, or DTC cycle is not generated between the external read
and external write in a DMA cycle.
In the case of successive read and write cycles, such as in burst transfer or block transfer, a refresh
or external bus released state may be inserted after a write cycle. Since the DTC has a lower
priority than the DMAC, the DTC does not operate until the DMAC releases the bus.
When DMA cycle reads or writes are accesses to on-chip memory or internal I/O registers, these
DMA cycles can be executed at the same time as refresh cycles or external bus release. However,
simultaneous operation may not be possible when a write buffer is used.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.15
NMI Interrupts and DMAC
When an NMI interrupt is requested, burst mode transfer in full address mode is interrupted. An
NMI interrupt does not affect the operation of the DMAC in other modes.
In full address mode, transfer is enabled for a channel when both the DTE bit and the DTME bit
are set to 1. With burst mode setting, the DTME bit is cleared when an NMI interrupt is requested.
If the DTME bit is cleared during burst mode transfer, the DMAC discontinues transfer on
completion of the 1-byte or 1-word transfer in progress, then releases the bus, which passes to the
CPU.
The channel on which transfer was interrupted can be restarted by setting the DTME bit to 1 again.
Figure 7.36 shows the procedure for continuing transfer when it has been interrupted by an NMI
interrupt on a channel designated for burst mode transfer.
Resumption of
transfer on interrupted
channel
DTE = 1
DTME = 0
[1]
Check that DTE = 1 and
DTME = 0 in DMABCRL.
[2]
Write 1 to the DTME bit.
[1]
No
Yes
Set DTME bit to 1
Transfer continues
[2]
Transfer ends
Figure 7.36 Example of Procedure for Continuing Transfer on Channel Interrupted by
NMI Interrupt
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.16
Forced Termination of DMAC Operation
If the DTE bit for the channel currently operating is cleared to 0, the DMAC stops on completion
of the 1-byte or 1-word transfer in progress. DMAC operation resumes when the DTE bit is set to
1 again.
In full address mode, the same applies to the DTME bit.
Figure 7.37 shows the procedure for forcibly terminating DMAC operation by software.
[1]
Forced termination
of DMAC
Clear DTE bit to 0
Clear the DTE bit in DMABCRL to 0.
To prevent interrupt generation after forced
termination of DMAC operation, clear the DTIE bit
to 0 at the same time.
[1]
Forced termination
Figure 7.37 Example of Procedure for Forcibly Terminating DMAC Operation
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.5.17
Clearing Full Address Mode
Figure 7.38 shows the procedure for releasing and initializing a channel designated for full address
mode. After full address mode has been cleared, the channel can be set to another transfer mode
using the appropriate setting procedure.
Clearing full
address mode
Stop the channel
[1]
[1] Clear both the DTE bit and the DTME bit in
DMABCRL to 0; or wait until the transfer ends
and the DTE bit is cleared to 0, then clear the
DTME bit to 0.
Also clear the corresponding DTIE bit to 0 at the
same time.
[2] Clear all bits in DMACRA and DMACRB to 0.
[3] Clear the FAE bit in DMABCRH to 0.
Initialize DMACR
[2]
Clear FAE bit to 0
[3]
Initialization;
operation halted
Figure 7.38 Example of Procedure for Clearing Full Address Mode
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.6
Interrupts
The sources of interrupts generated by the DMAC are transfer end and transfer break. Table 7.14
shows the interrupt sources and their priority order.
Table 7.14 Interrupt Source Priority Order
Interrupt
Name
Interrupt Source
Interrupt
Priority Order
Short Address Mode
Full Address Mode
DEND0A
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 0A
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 0
DEND0B
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 0B
Interrupt due to break in
transfer on channel 0
DEND1A
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 1A
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 1
DEND1B
Interrupt due to end of
transfer on channel 1B
Interrupt due to break in
transfer on channel 1
High
Low
Enabling or disabling of each interrupt source is set by means of the DTIE bit for the
corresponding channel in DMABCR, and interrupts from each source are sent to the interrupt
controller independently.
The relative priority of transfer end interrupts on each channel is decided by the interrupt
controller, as shown in table 7.14.
Figure 7.39 shows a block diagram of a transfer end/transfer break interrupt. An interrupt is
always generated when the DTIE bit is set to 1 while the DTE bit is cleared to 0.
DTE/
DTME
Transfer end/transfer
break interrupt
DTIE
Figure 7.39 Block Diagram of Transfer End/Transfer Break Interrupt
In full address mode, a transfer break interrupt is generated when the DTME bit is cleared to 0
while the DTIEB bit is set to 1.
In both short address mode and full address mode, DMABCR should be set so as to prevent the
occurrence of a combination that constitutes a condition for interrupt generation during setting.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
7.7
Usage Notes
DMAC Register Access during Operation: Except for forced termination, the operating
(including transfer waiting state) channel setting should not be changed. The operating channel
setting should only be changed when transfer is disabled.
Also, MAC registers should not be written to in a DMA transfer.
DMAC register reads during operation (including the transfer waiting state) are described below.
(a) DMAC control starts one cycle before the bus cycle, with output of the internal address.
Consequently, MAR is updated in the bus cycle before DMAC transfer.
Figure 7.40 shows an example of the update timing for DMAC registers in dual address
transfer mode.
DMA last transfer cycle
DMA transfer cycle
DMA read
DMA read
DMA write
DMA write
DMA
dead
φ
DMA Internal
address
DMA control
DMA register
operation
Idle
[1]
Transfer
source
Transfer
destination
Read
Write
[2]
Transfer
destination
Transfer
source
Read
Idle
[1]
Write
[2']
Dead
Idle
[3]
[1] Transfer source address register MAR operation (incremented/decremented/fixed)
Transfer counter ETCR operation (decremented)
Block size counter ETCR operation (decremented in block transfer mode)
[2] Transfer destination address register MAR operation (incremented/decremented/fixed)
[2'] Transfer destination address register MAR operation (incremented/decremented/fixed)
Block transfer counter ETCR operation (decremented, in last transfer cycle of a block
in block transfer mode)
[3] Transfer address register MAR restore operation (in block or repeat transfer mode)
Transfer counter ETCR restore (in repeat transfer mode)
Block size counter ETCR restore (in block transfer mode)
Notes: 1. In single address transfer mode, the update timing is the same as [1].
2. The MAR operation is post-incrementing/decrementing of the DMA internal address value.
Figure 7.40 DMAC Register Update Timing
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
(b) If a DMAC transfer cycle occurs immediately after a DMAC register read cycle, the DMAC
register is read as shown in figure 7.41.
DMA transfer cycle
CPU longword read
MAR upper
word read
MAR lower
word read
DMA read
DMA write
φ
DMA internal
address
DMA control
Idle
DMA register
operation
[1]
Transfe
source
Transfer
destination
Read
Write
Idle
[2]
Note: The lower word of MAR is the updated value after the operation in [1].
Figure 7.41 Contention between DMAC Register Update and CPU Read
Module Stop: When the MSTP15 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, the DMAC clock stops, and the
module stop state is entered. However, 1 cannot be written to the MSTP15 bit if any of the DMAC
channels is enabled. This setting should therefore be made when DMAC operation is stopped.
When the DMAC clock stops, DMAC register accesses can no longer be made. Since the
following DMAC register settings are valid even in the module stop state, they should be
invalidated, if necessary, before a module stop.
• Transfer end/break interrupt (DTE = 0 and DTIE = 1)
• TEND pin enable (TEE = 1)
• DACK pin enable (FAE = 0 and SAE = 1)
Medium-Speed Mode: When the DTA bit is 0, internal interrupt signals specified as DMAC
transfer sources are edge-detected.
In medium-speed mode, the DMAC operates on a medium-speed clock, while on-chip supporting
modules operate on a high-speed clock. Consequently, if the period in which the relevant interrupt
source is cleared by the CPU, DTC, or another DMAC channel, and the next interrupt is
generated, is less than one state with respect to the DMAC clock (bus master clock), edge
detection may not be possible and the interrupt may be ignored.
Also, in medium-speed mode, DREQ pin sampling is performed on the rising edge of the mediumspeed clock.
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Write Data Buffer Function: When the WDBE bit of BCRL in the bus controller is set to 1,
enabling the write data buffer function, dual address transfer external write cycles or single
address transfers and internal accesses (on-chip memory or internal I/O registers) are executed in
parallel.
• Write Data Buffer Function and DMAC Register Setting
If the setting of a register that controls external accesses is changed during execution of an
external access by means of the write data buffer function, the external access may not be
performed normally. Registers that control external accesses should only be manipulated when
external reads, etc., are used with DMAC operation disabled, and the operation is not
performed in parallel with external access.
• Write Data Buffer Function and DMAC Operation Timing
The DMAC can start its next operation during external access using the write data buffer
function. Consequently, the DREQ pin sampling timing, TEND output timing, etc., are
different from the case in which the write data buffer function is disabled. Also, internal bus
cycles maybe hidden, and not visible.
• Write Data Buffer Function and TEND Output
A low level is not output at the TEND pin if the bus cycle in which a low level is to be output
at the TEND pin is an internal bus cycle, and an external write cycle is executed in parallel
with this cycle. Note, for example, that a low level may not be output at the TEND pin if the
write data buffer function is used when data transfer is performed between an internal I/O
register and on-chip memory.
If at least one of the DMAC transfer addresses is an external address, a low level is output at
the TEND pin.
Figure 7.42 shows an example in which a low level is not output at the TEND pin.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
DMA
read
DMA
write
φ
Internal address
Internal read signal
Internal write signal
External address
HWR, LWR
TEND
Not output
External write by CPU, etc.
Figure 7.42 Example in Which Low Level is Not Output at TEND Pin
Activation by Falling Edge on DREQ Pin: DREQ pin falling edge detection is performed in
synchronization with DMAC internal operations. The operation is as follows:
[1] Activation request wait state: Waits for detection of a low level on the DREQ pin, and
switches to [2].
[2] Transfer wait state: Waits for DMAC data transfer to become possible, and switches to [3].
[3] Activation request disabled state: Waits for detection of a high level on the DREQ pin, and
switches to [1].
After DMAC transfer is enabled, a transition is made to [1]. Thus, initial activation after transfer is
enabled is performed on detection of a low level.
Activation Source Acceptance: At the start of activation source acceptance, a low level is
detected in both DREQ pin falling edge sensing and low level sensing. Similarly, in the case of an
internal interrupt, the interrupt request is detected. Therefore, a request is accepted from an
internal interrupt or DREQ pin low level that occurs before execution of the DMABCRL write to
enable transfer.
When the DMAC is activated, take any necessary steps to prevent an internal interrupt or DREQ
pin low level remaining from the end of the previous transfer, etc.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
Internal Interrupt after End of Transfer: When the DTE bit is cleared to 0 at the end of a
transfer or by a forcible termination, the selected internal interrupt request will be sent to the CPU
or DTC even if DTA is set to 1.
Also, if internal DMAC activation has already been initiated when operation is forcibly
terminated, the transfer is executed but flag clearing is not performed for the selected internal
interrupt even if DTA is set to 1.
An internal interrupt request following the end of transfer or a forcible termination should be
handled by the CPU as necessary.
Channel Re-Setting: To reactivate a number of channels when multiple channels are enabled, use
exclusive handling of transfer end interrupts, and perform DMABCR control bit operations
exclusively.
Note, in particular, that in cases where multiple interrupts are generated between reading and
writing of DMABCR, and a DMABCR operation is performed during new interrupt handling, the
DMABCR write data in the original interrupt handling routine will be incorrect, and the write may
invalidate the results of the operations by the multiple interrupts. Ensure that overlapping
DMABCR operations are not performed by multiple interrupts, and that there is no separation
between read and write operations by the use of a bit-manipulation instruction.
Also, when the DTE and DTME bits are cleared by the DMAC or are written with 0, they must
first be read while cleared to 0 before the CPU can write a 1 to them.
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Section 7 DMA Controller (Not Supported in the H8S/2321)
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.1
Overview
The chip includes a data transfer controller (DTC). The DTC can be activated for data transfer by
an interrupt or software.
8.1.1
Features
The features of the DTC are:
• Transfer possible over any number of channels
⎯ Transfer information is stored in memory
⎯ One activation source can trigger a number of data transfers (chain transfer)
⎯ Chain transfer execution can be set after data transfer (when counter = 0)
• Selection of transfer modes
⎯ Normal, repeat, and block transfer modes available
⎯ Incrementing, decrementing, and fixing of source and destination addresses can be selected
• Direct specification of 16-Mbyte address space possible
⎯ 24-bit transfer source and destination addresses can be specified
• Transfer can be set in byte or word units
• A CPU interrupt can be requested for the interrupt that activated the DTC
⎯ An interrupt request can be issued to the CPU after one data transfer ends
⎯ An interrupt request can be issued to the CPU after all the specified data transfers have
ended
• Activation by software is possible
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ The initial setting enables DTC registers to be accessed. DTC operation is halted by setting
module stop mode
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 8.1 shows a block diagram of the DTC.
The DTC’s register information is stored in the on-chip RAM*. A 32-bit bus connects the DTC to
the on-chip RAM (1 kbyte), enabling 32-bit, 1-state reading and writing of DTC register
information.
Note: * When the DTC is used, the RAME bit in SYSCR must be set to 1.
Internal address bus
On-chip
RAM
CPU interrupt
request
Register information
MRA MRB
CRA
CRB
DAR
SAR
DTC
Control logic
DTC activation
request
DTVECR
Interrupt
request
DTCERA
to
DTCERF
Interrupt controller
Internal data bus
Legend:
MRA, MRB
CRA, CRB
SAR
DAR
DTCERA to DTCERF
DTVECR
: DTC mode registers A and B
: DTC transfer count registers A and B
: DTC source address register
: DTC destination address register
: DTC enable registers A to F
: DTC vector register
Figure 8.1 Block Diagram of DTC
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.1.3
Register Configuration
Table 8.1 summarizes the DTC registers.
Table 8.1
DTC Registers
1
Initial Value
Address*
—*
2
—*
Undefined
—*
3
—*
2
Undefined
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
DTC mode register A
MRA
2
Undefined
3
DTC mode register B
MRB
DTC source address register
SAR
DTC destination address register
DAR
—*
2
—*
DTC transfer count register A
CRA
2
—*
Undefined
DTC transfer count register B
CRB
—*
2
Undefined
—*
3
—*
DTC enable registers
DTCER
R/W
H'00
H'FF30 to H'FF35
DTC vector register
DTVECR
R/W
H'00
H'FF37
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Undefined
3
—*
3
—*
3
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Registers within the DTC cannot be read or written to directly.
3. Register information is located in on-chip RAM addresses H'F800 to H'FBFF. It cannot
be located in external space. When the DTC is used, do not clear the RAME bit in
SYSCR to 0.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2
Register Descriptions
8.2.1
DTC Mode Register A (MRA)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SM1
SM0
DM1
DM0
MD1
MD0
DTS
Sz
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MRA is an 8-bit register that controls the DTC operating mode.
Bits 7 and 6—Source Address Mode 1 and 0 (SM1, SM0): These bits specify whether SAR is
to be incremented, decremented, or left fixed after a data transfer.
Bit 7
SM1
Bit 6
SM0
0
—
SAR is fixed
1
0
SAR is incremented after a transfer
(by +1 when Sz = 0; by +2 when Sz = 1)
1
SAR is decremented after a transfer
(by –1 when Sz = 0; by –2 when Sz = 1)
Description
Bits 5 and 4—Destination Address Mode 1 and 0 (DM1, DM0): These bits specify whether
DAR is to be incremented, decremented, or left fixed after a data transfer.
Bit 5
DM1
Bit 4
DM0
Description
0
—
DAR is fixed
1
0
DAR is incremented after a transfer
(by +1 when Sz = 0; by +2 when Sz = 1)
1
DAR is decremented after a transfer
(by –1 when Sz = 0; by –2 when Sz = 1)
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Bits 3 and 2—DTC Mode (MD1, MD0): These bits specify the DTC transfer mode.
Bit 3
MD1
Bit 2
MD0
Description
0
0
Normal mode
1
Repeat mode
0
Block transfer mode
1
—
1
Bit 1—DTC Transfer Mode Select (DTS): Specifies whether the source side or the destination
side is set to be a repeat area or block area, in repeat mode or block transfer mode.
Bit 1
DTS
Description
0
Destination side is repeat area or block area
1
Source side is repeat area or block area
Bit 0—DTC Data Transfer Size (Sz): Specifies the size of data to be transferred.
Bit 0
Sz
Description
0
Byte-size transfer
1
Word-size transfer
8.2.2
Bit
DTC Mode Register B (MRB)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHNE
DISEL
CHNS
—
—
—
—
—
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MRB is an 8-bit register that controls the DTC operating mode.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Bit 7—DTC Chain Transfer Enable (CHNE): Specifies chain transfer. With chain transfer, a
number of data transfers can be performed consecutively in response to a single transfer request.
In data transfer with CHNE set to 1, determination of the end of the specified number of transfers,
clearing of the interrupt source flag, and clearing of DTCER are not performed.
When CHNE is set to 1, the chain transfer condition can be selected with the CHNS bit.
Bit 7
CHNE
Description
0
End of DTC data transfer (activation waiting state)
1
DTC chain transfer (new register information is read, then data is transferred)
Bit 6—DTC Interrupt Select (DISEL): Specifies whether interrupt requests to the CPU are
disabled or enabled after a data transfer.
Bit 6
DISEL
Description
0
After a data transfer ends, the CPU interrupt is disabled unless the transfer counter is
0 (the DTC clears the interrupt source flag of the activating interrupt to 0)
1
After a data transfer ends, the CPU interrupt is enabled (the DTC does not clear the
interrupt source flag of the activating interrupt to 0)
Bit 5—DTC Chain Transfer Select (CHNS): Specifies the chain transfer condition when CHNE
is 1.
Bit 7
CHNE
Bit 5
CHNS
Description
0
–
No chain transfer (DTC data transfer end, activation waiting state entered)
1
0
DTC chain transfer
1
1
Chain transfer only when transfer counter = 0
Bits 4 to 0—Reserved: These bits have no effect on DTC operation in the chip and should always
be written with 0.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2.3
Bit
DTC Source Address Register (SAR)
:
23
22
21
20
19
–––
4
3
2
1
0
–––
Initial value :
R/W
:
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
–––
–––
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
SAR is a 24-bit register that designates the source address of data to be transferred by the DTC.
For word-size transfer, specify an even source address.
8.2.4
Bit
DTC Destination Address Register (DAR)
:
23
22
21
20
19
–––
4
3
2
1
0
–––
Initial value :
R/W
:
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
–––
–––
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
DAR is a 24-bit register that designates the destination address of data to be transferred by the
DTC. For word-size transfer, specify an even destination address.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2.5
Bit
DTC Transfer Count Register A (CRA)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
←⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ CRAH ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→ ←⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ CRAL ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→
CRA is a 16-bit register that designates the number of times data is to be transferred by the DTC.
In normal mode, the entire CRA register functions as a 16-bit transfer counter (1 to 65,536). It is
decremented by 1 every time data is transferred, and transfer ends when the count reaches H'0000.
In repeat mode or block transfer mode, the CRA register is divided into two parts: the upper 8 bits
(CRAH) and the lower 8 bits (CRAL). CRAH holds the number of transfers while CRAL
functions as an 8-bit transfer counter (1 to 256). CRAL is decremented by 1 every time data is
transferred, and the contents of CRAH are sent when the count reaches H'00. This operation is
repeated.
8.2.6
Bit
DTC Transfer Count Register B (CRB)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Unde- Undefined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined fined
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CRB is a 16-bit register that designates the number of times data is to be transferred by the DTC in
block transfer mode. It functions as a 16-bit transfer counter (1 to 65,536) that is decremented by 1
every time data is transferred, and transfer ends when the count reaches H'0000.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2.7
DTC Enable Registers (DTCER)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DTCE7
DTCE6
DTCE5
DTCE4
DTCE3
DTCE2
DTCE1
DTCE0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
The DTC enable registers comprise six 8-bit readable/writable registers, DTCERA to DTCERF,
with bits corresponding to the interrupt sources that can activate the DTC. These bits enable or
disable DTC service for the corresponding interrupt sources.
The DTC enable registers are initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bit n—DTC Activation Enable (DTCEn)
Bit n
DTCEn
Description
0
DTC activation by this interrupt is disabled
(Initial value)
[Clearing conditions]
1
•
When the DISEL bit is 1 and the data transfer has ended
•
When the specified number of transfers have ended
DTC activation by this interrupt is enabled
[Holding condition]
When the DISEL bit is 0 and the specified number of transfers have not ended
(n = 7 to 0)
A DTCE bit can be set for each interrupt source that can activate the DTC. The correspondence
between interrupt sources and DTCE bits is shown in table 8.5, together with the vector numbers
generated by the interrupt controller.
For DTCE bit setting, read/write operations must be performed using bit-manipulation instructions
such as BSET and BCLR. For the initial setting only, however, when multiple activation sources
are set at one time, it is possible to disable interrupts and write after executing a dummy read on
the relevant register.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2.8
DTC Vector Register (DTVECR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SWDTE DTVEC6 DTVEC5 DTVEC4 DTVEC3 DTVEC2 DTVEC1 DTVEC0
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/(W)
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
Note: * Bits DTVEC6 to DTVEC0 can be written to when SWDTE = 0.
DTVECR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that enables or disables DTC activation by
software, and sets a vector number for the software activation interrupt.
DTVECR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—DTC Software Activation Enable (SWDTE): Enables or disables DTC activation by
software.
Bit 7
SWDTE
Description
0
DTC software activation is disabled
(Initial value)
[Clearing conditions]
1
•
When the DISEL bit is 0 and the specified number of transfers have not ended
•
When 0 is written after a software activation data-transfer-complete interrupt is
issued to the CPU
DTC software activation is enabled
[Holding conditions]
•
When the DISEL bit is 1 and data transfer has ended
•
When the specified number of transfers have ended
•
During data transfer due to software activation
Bits 6 to 0—DTC Software Activation Vectors 6 to 0 (DTVEC6 to DTVEC0): These bits
specify a vector number for DTC software activation.
The vector address is expressed as H'0400 + ((vector number) << 1). <<1 indicates a one-bit leftshift. For example, when DTVEC6 to DTVEC0 = H'10, the vector address is H'0420.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.2.9
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP14 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, DTC operation stops at the end of the bus cycle and
a transition is made to module stop mode. However, 1 cannot be written in the MSTP14 bit while
the DTC is operating. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 14—Module Stop (MSTP14): Specifies the DTC module stop mode.
Bit 14
MSTP14
Description
0
DTC module stop mode cleared
1
DTC module stop mode set
8.3
Operation
8.3.1
Overview
(Initial value)
When activated, the DTC reads register information that is already stored in memory and transfers
data on the basis of that register information. After the data transfer, it writes updated register
information back to memory. Pre-storage of register information in memory makes it possible to
transfer data over any required number of channels. Setting the CHNE bit to 1 makes it possible to
perform a number of transfers with a single activation. A setting can also be made to have chain
transfer performed only when the transfer counter value is 0. This enables DTC re-setting to be
performed by the DTC itself.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Figure 8.2 shows a flowchart of DTC operation, and table 8.2 summarizes the chain transfer
conditions (combinations for performing the second and third transfers are omitted).
Start
Read DTC vector
Next transfer
Read register information
Data transfer
Write register information
CHNE = 1?
Yes
No
CHNS = 0?
Yes
Transfer counter = 0
or DISEL = 1?
No
Yes
No
Transfer
counter = 0?
Yes
No
DISEL = 1?
Yes
No
Clear activation flag
Clear DTCER
End
Interrupt exception
handling
Figure 8.2 Flowchart of DTC Operation
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Table 8.2
Chain Transfer Conditions
1st Transfer
2nd Transfer
CHNE
CHNS
DISEL
CR
CHNE
CHNS
DISEL
CR
DTC Transfer
0
—
0
Not 0
—
—
—
—
Ends at 1st transfer
0
—
0
0
—
—
—
—
Ends at 1st transfer
0
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
Interrupt request to CPU
1
0
—
—
0
—
0
Not 0
Ends at 2nd transfer
0
—
0
0
Ends at 2nd transfer
0
—
1
—
Interrupt request to CPU
1
1
0
Not 0
—
—
—
—
Ends at 1st transfer
1
1
—
0
0
—
0
Not 0
Ends at 2nd transfer
1
1
1
Not 0
0
—
0
0
Ends at 2nd transfer
0
—
1
—
Interrupt request to CPU
—
—
—
—
Ends at 1st transfer
Interrupt request to CPU
The DTC transfer mode can be normal mode, repeat mode, or block transfer mode.
The 24-bit SAR designates the DTC transfer source address and the 24-bit DAR designates the
transfer destination address. After each transfer, SAR and DAR are independently incremented,
decremented, or left fixed.
Table 8.3 outlines the functions of the DTC.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Table 8.3
DTC Functions
Address Registers
Transfer Mode
Activation Source
Transfer
Source
•
Normal mode
•
IRQ
24 bits
⎯ One transfer request transfers one byte
or one word
•
TPU TGI
•
8-bit timer CMI
⎯ Memory addresses are incremented
or decremented by 1 or 2
•
SCI TXI or RXI
•
Repeat mode
•
A/D converter
ADI
DMAC DEND*
⎯ One transfer request transfers one byte
or one word
•
Software
⎯ Up to 65,536 transfers possible
•
⎯ Memory addresses are incremented
or decremented by 1 or 2
⎯ After the specified number of transfers
(1 to 256), the initial state resumes and
operation continues
•
Block transfer mode
⎯ One transfer request transfers a block
of the specified size
⎯ Block size is from 1 to 256 bytes or words
⎯ Up to 65,536 transfers possible
⎯ A block area can be designated at either
the source or destination
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 324 of 1268
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Transfer
Destination
24 bits
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.2
Activation Sources
The DTC operates when activated by an interrupt or by a write to DTVECR by software. An
interrupt request can be directed to the CPU or DTC, as designated by the corresponding DTCER
bit. An interrupt becomes a DTC activation source when the corresponding bit is set to 1, and a
CPU interrupt source when the bit is cleared to 0.
At the end of a data transfer (or the last consecutive transfer in the case of chain transfer), the
activation source or corresponding DTCER bit is cleared. Table 8.4 shows activation source and
DTCER clearance. The activation source flag, in the case of RXI0, for example, is the RDRF flag
of SCI0.
Table 8.4
Activation Source and DTCER Clearance
When the DISEL Bit Is 0 and
the Specified Number of
Activation Source Transfers Have Not Ended
When the DISEL Bit Is 1, or when
the Specified Number of Transfers
Have Ended
Software activation The SWDTE bit is cleared to 0
•
The SWDTE bit remains set to 1
Interrupt activation
•
An interrupt is issued to the CPU
•
The corresponding DTCER
bit remains set to 1
•
The corresponding DTCER bit is
cleared to 0
•
The activation source flag is
cleared to 0
•
The activation source flag remains set
to 1
•
A request is issued to the CPU for the
activation source interrupt
Figure 8.3 shows a block diagram of activation source control. For details see section 5, Interrupt
Controller.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Source flag clearance
Clear
control
Clear
DTCER
Clear request
On-chip
supporting
module
IRQ interrupt
Interrupt
request
Selection circuit
Select
DTVECR
DTC
Interrupt controller
CPU
Interrupt mask
Figure 8.3 Block Diagram of DTC Activation Source Control
When an interrupt has been designated a DTC activation source, existing CPU mask level and
interrupt controller priorities have no effect. If there is more than one activation source at the same
time, the DTC operates in accordance with the default priorities.
8.3.3
DTC Vector Table
Figure 8.4 shows the correspondence between DTC vector addresses and register information.
Table 8.5 shows the correspondence between activation, vector addresses, and DTCER bits. When
the DTC is activated by software, the vector address is obtained from: H'0400 + (DTVECR[6:0]
<< 1) (where << 1 indicates a 1-bit left shift). For example, if DTVECR is H'10, the vector
address is H'0420.
The DTC reads the start address of the register information from the vector address set for each
activation source, and then reads the register information from that start address. The register
information can be placed at predetermined addresses in the on-chip RAM. The start address of
the register information should be an integral multiple of four.
The configuration of the vector address is a 2-byte unit. These two bytes specify the lower bits of
the address in the on-chip RAM.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Table 8.5
Interrupt Sources, DTC Vector Addresses, and Corresponding DTCEs
Interrupt Source
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Vector
Number
Vector
Address
Write to DTVECR
Software
DTVECR
IRQ0
External pin
1
DTCE*
Priority
H'0400+
(DTVECR
[6:0]<<1)
—
High
16
H'0420
DTCEA7
IRQ1
17
H'0422
DTCEA6
IRQ2
18
H'0424
DTCEA5
IRQ3
19
H'0426
DTCEA4
IRQ4
20
H'0428
DTCEA3
IRQ5
21
H'042A
DTCEA2
IRQ6
22
H'042C
DTCEA1
IRQ7
23
H'042E
DTCEA0
ADI (A/D conversion end)
A/D
28
H'0438
DTCEB6
TGI0A (GR0A compare match/
input capture)
TPU
channel 0
32
H'0440
DTCEB5
TGI0B (GR0B compare match/
input capture)
33
H'0442
DTCEB4
TGI0C (GR0C compare match/
input capture)
34
H'0444
DTCEB3
TGI0D (GR0D compare match/
input capture)
35
H'0446
DTCEB2
40
H'0450
DTCEB1
41
H'0452
DTCEB0
44
H'0458
DTCEC7
45
H'045A
DTCEC6
TGI1A (GR1A compare match/
input capture)
TPU
channel 1
TGI1B (GR1B compare match/
input capture)
TGI2A (GR2A compare match/
input capture)
TGI2B (GR2B compare match/
input capture)
TPU
channel 2
Low
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 327 of 1268
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Interrupt Source
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
TGI3A (GR3A compare match/
input capture)
TPU
channel 3
Vector
Number
Vector
Address
DTCE*
Priority
48
H'0460
DTCEC5
High
TGI3B (GR3B compare match/
input capture)
49
H'0462
DTCEC4
TGI3C (GR3C compare match/
input capture)
50
H'0464
DTCEC3
TGI3D (GR3D compare match/
input capture)
51
H'0466
DTCEC2
56
H'0470
DTCEC1
57
H'0472
DTCEC0
72
H'0490
DTCEE7
DMTEND0B (DMAC transfer
complete 1
73
H'0492
DTCEE6
DMTEND1A (DMAC transfer
complete 2)
74
H'0494
DTCEE5
DMTEND1B (DMAC transfer
complete 3)
75
H'0496
DTCEE4
60
H'0478
DTCED5
61
H'047A
DTCED4
64
H'0480
DTCED3
65
H'0482
DTCED2
68
H'0488
DTCED1
TGI4A (GR4A compare match/
input capture)
TPU
channel 4
TGI4B (GR4B compare match/
input capture)
DMTEND0A (DMAC transfer
complete 0)
TGI5A (GR5A compare match/
input capture)
DMAC
TPU
channel 5
TGI5B (GR5B compare match/
input capture)
CMIA0
CMIB0
CMIA1
CMIB1
8-bit timer
channel 0
8-bit timer
channel 1
1
69
H'048A
DTCED0
72
H'0490
DTCEE7
DMTEND0B (DMAC transfer
complete 1)
73
H'0492
DTCEE6
DMTEND1A (DMAC transfer
complete 2)
74
H'0494
DTCEE5
DMTEND1B (DMAC transfer
complete 3)
75
H'0496
DTCEE4
DMTEND0A (DMAC transfer
complete 0)
2
DMAC*
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 328 of 1268
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Low
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Origin of
Interrupt
Source
Vector
Number
Vector
Address
DTCE*
Priority
SCI
channel 0
81
H'04A2
DTCEE3
High
82
H'04A4
DTCEE2
85
H'04AA
DTCEE1
TXI1 (transmit-data-empty 1)
SCI
channel 1
86
H'04AC
DTCEE0
RXI2 (receive-data-full 2)
SCI
89
H'04B2
DTCEF7
TXI2 (transmit-data-empty 2)
channel 2
90
H'04B4
DTCEF6
Interrupt Source
RXI0 (receive-data-full 0)
TXI0 (transmit-data-empty 0)
RXI1 (receive-data-full 1)
1
Low
Notes: 1. DTCE bits with no corresponding interrupt are reserved, and should be written with 0.
2. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
DTC vector
address
Register information
start address
Register information
Next transfer
Figure 8.4 Correspondence between DTC Vector Address and Register Information
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.4
Location of Register Information in Address Space
Figure 8.5 shows how the register information should be located in the address space.
Locate the MRA, SAR, MRB, DAR, CRA, and CRB registers, in that order, from the start address
of the register information (contents of the vector address). In the case of chain transfer, register
information should be located in consecutive areas.
Locate the register information in the on-chip RAM (addresses: H'FFF800 to H'FFFBFF).
Lower address
Register
information
start address
Chain
transfer
0
1
2
3
MRA
SAR
MRB
DAR
CRA
Register information
CRB
MRA
SAR
MRB
DAR
CRA
Register information
for 2nd transfer in
chain transfer
CRB
4 bytes
Figure 8.5 Location of DTC Register Information in Address Space
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.5
Normal Mode
In normal mode, one operation transfers one byte or one word of data.
From 1 to 65,536 transfers can be specified. Once the specified number of transfers have ended, a
CPU interrupt can be requested.
Table 8.6 lists the register information in normal mode and figure 8.6 shows the memory map in
normal mode.
Table 8.6
Register Information in Normal Mode
Name
Abbreviation
Function
DTC source address register
SAR
Designates source address
DTC destination address register
DAR
Designates destination address
DTC transfer count register A
CRA
Designates transfer count
DTC transfer count register B
CRB
Not used
SAR
DAR
Transfer
Figure 8.6 Memory Map in Normal Mode
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.6
Repeat Mode
In repeat mode, one operation transfers one byte or one word of data.
From 1 to 256 transfers can be specified. Once the specified number of transfers have ended, the
initial state of the transfer counter and the address register specified as the repeat area is restored,
and transfer is repeated. In repeat mode the transfer counter value does not reach H'00, and
therefore CPU interrupts cannot be requested when DISEL = 0.
Table 8.7 lists the register information in repeat mode and figure 8.7 shows the memory map in
repeat mode.
Table 8.7
Register Information in Repeat Mode
Name
Abbreviation
Function
DTC source address register
SAR
Designates source address
DTC destination address register
DAR
Designates destination address
DTC transfer count register AH
CRAH
Holds number of transfers
DTC transfer count register AL
CRAL
Transfer counter
DTC transfer count register B
CRB
Not used
SAR or
DAR
Repeat area
Transfer
Figure 8.7 Memory Map in Repeat Mode
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DAR or
SAR
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.7
Block Transfer Mode
In block transfer mode, one operation transfers one block of data. Either the transfer source or the
transfer destination is designated as a block area.
The block size is 1 to 256. When the transfer of one block ends, the initial state of the block size
counter and the address register specified as the block area is restored. The other address register
is then incremented, decremented, or left fixed.
From 1 to 65,536 transfers can be specified. Once the specified number of transfers have ended, a
CPU interrupt is requested.
Table 8.8 lists the register information in block transfer mode and figure 8.8 shows the memory
map in block transfer mode.
Table 8.8
Register Information in Block Transfer Mode
Name
Abbreviation
Function
DTC source address register
SAR
Designates transfer source address
DTC destination address register
DAR
Designates destination address
DTC transfer count register AH
CRAH
Holds block size
DTC transfer count register AL
CRAL
Block size counter
DTC transfer count register B
CRB
Transfer counter
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
First block
SAR or
DAR
·
·
·
Block area
Transfer
Nth block
Figure 8.8 Memory Map in Block Transfer Mode
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DAR or
SAR
Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.8
Chain Transfer
Setting the CHNE bit to 1 enables a number of data transfers to be performed consecutively in
response to a single transfer request. It is also possible, by setting both the CHNE bit and CHNS
bit to 1, to specify execution of chain transfer only when the transfer counter value is 0. SAR,
DAR, CRA, CRB, MRA, and MRB, which define data transfers, can be set independently.
Figure 8.9 shows the memory map for chain transfer.
Source
Destination
Register information
CHNE = 1
DTC vector
address
Register information
start address
Register information
CHNE = 0
Source
Destination
Figure 8.9 Chain Transfer Memory Map
In the case of transfer with CHNE set to 1, an interrupt request to the CPU is not generated at the
end of the specified number of transfers or by setting of the DISEL bit to 1, and the interrupt
source flag for the activation source is not affected.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.9
Operation Timing
Figures 8.10 to 8.12 show examples of DTC operation timing.
φ
DTC activation
request
DTC
request
Data transfer
Vector read
Address
Read Write
Transfer
information read
Transfer
information write
Figure 8.10 DTC Operation Timing (Example in Normal Mode or Repeat Mode)
φ
DTC activation
request
DTC request
Data transfer
Vector read
Address
Read Write Read Write
Transfer
information read
Transfer
information write
Figure 8.11 DTC Operation Timing (Example of Block Transfer Mode,
with Block Size of 2)
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
φ
DTC activation
request
DTC
request
Data transfer
Data transfer
Read Write
Read Write
Vector read
Address
Transfer
information
read
Transfer
Transfer
information information
write
read
Transfer
information
write
Figure 8.12 DTC Operation Timing (Example of Chain Transfer)
8.3.10
Number of DTC Execution States
Table 8.9 lists execution phases for a single DTC data transfer, and table 8.10 shows the number
of states required for each execution phase.
Table 8.9
DTC Execution Phases
Mode
Vector Read
I
Register Information
Read/Write
Data Read
J
K
Data Write
L
Internal
Operations
M
Normal
1
6
1
1
3
Repeat
1
6
1
1
3
Block transfer
1
6
N
N
3
N: Block size (initial setting of CRAH and CRAL)
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Table 8.10 Number of States Required for Each Execution Phase
Access To:
OnChip
RAM
OnChip
ROM
Internal I/O
Registers
External Devices
Bus width
32
16
8
16
8
Access states
Execution
phase
16
1
1
2
2
2
3
Vector read
SI
—
1
—
—
4
6+2m 2
2
3
3+m
Register
information
read/write
SJ
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Byte data read
SK
1
1
2
2
2
3+m
2
3+m
Word data read
SK
1
1
4
2
4
6+2m 2
3+m
Byte data write
SL
1
1
2
2
2
3+m
2
3+m
Word data write
SL
1
1
4
2
4
6+2m 2
3+m
Internal operation SM
1
The number of execution states is calculated from the formula below. Note that Σ means the sum
of all transfers activated by one activation event (the number in which the CHNE bit is set to 1,
plus 1).
Number of execution states = I · SI + Σ (J · SJ + K · SK + L · SL) + M · SM
For example, when the DTC vector address table is located in on-chip ROM, normal mode is set,
and data is transferred from the on-chip ROM to an internal I/O register, the time required for the
DTC operation is 13 states. The time from activation to the end of the data write is 10 states.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.11
Procedures for Using DTC
Activation by Interrupt: The procedure for using the DTC with interrupt activation is as follows:
[1] Set the MRA, MRB, SAR, DAR, CRA, and CRB register information in the on-chip RAM.
[2] Set the start address of the register information in the DTC vector address.
[3] Set the corresponding bit in DTCER to 1.
[4] Set the enable bits for the interrupt sources to be used as the activation sources to 1. The DTC
is activated when an interrupt used as an activation source is generated.
[5] After the end of one data transfer, or after the specified number of data transfers have ended,
the DTCE bit is cleared to 0 and a CPU interrupt is requested. If the DTC is to continue
transferring data, set the DTCE bit to 1.
Activation by Software: The procedure for using the DTC with software activation is as follows:
[1] Set the MRA, MRB, SAR, DAR, CRA, and CRB register information in the on-chip RAM.
[2] Set the start address of the register information in the DTC vector address.
[3] Check that the SWDTE bit is 0.
[4] Write 1 to the SWDTE bit and the vector number to DTVECR.
[5] Check the vector number written to DTVECR.
[6] After the end of one data transfer, if the DISEL bit is 0 and a CPU interrupt is not requested,
the SWDTE bit is cleared to 0. If the DTC is to continue transferring data, set the SWDTE bit
to 1. When the DISEL bit is 1, or after the specified number of data transfers have ended, the
SWDTE bit is held at 1 and a CPU interrupt is requested.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.3.12
Examples of Use of the DTC
Normal Mode: An example is shown in which the DTC is used to receive 128 bytes of data via
the SCI.
[1] Set MRA to fixed source address (SM1 = SM0 = 0), incrementing destination address (DM1 =
1, DM0 = 0), normal mode (MD1 = MD0 = 0), and byte size (Sz = 0). The DTS bit can have
any value. Set MRB for one data transfer by one interrupt (CHNE = 0, DISEL = 0). Set the
SCI RDR address in SAR, the start address of the RAM area where the data will be received in
DAR, and 128 (H'0080) in CRA. CRB can be set to any value.
[2] Set the start address of the register information at the DTC vector address.
[3] Set the corresponding bit in DTCER to 1.
[4] Set the SCI to the appropriate receive mode. Set the RIE bit in SCR to 1 to enable the reception
data full (RXI) interrupt. Since the generation of a receive error during the SCI receive
operation will disable subsequent reception, the CPU should be enabled to accept receive error
interrupts.
[5] Each time reception of one byte of data ends on the SCI, the RDRF flag in SSR is set to 1, an
RXI interrupt is generated, and the DTC is activated. The receive data is transferred from RDR
to RAM by the DTC. DAR is incremented and CRA is decremented. The RDRF flag is
automatically cleared to 0.
[6] When CRA becomes 0 after the 128 data transfers have ended, the RDRF flag is held at 1, the
DTCE bit is cleared to 0, and an RXI interrupt request is sent to the CPU. The interrupt
handling routine should perform wrap-up processing.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Chain Transfer: An example of DTC chain transfer is shown in which pulse output is performed
using the PPG. Chain transfer can be used to perform pulse output data transfer and PPG output
trigger cycle updating. Repeat mode transfer to the PPG’s NDR is performed in the first half of the
chain transfer, and normal mode transfer to the TPU’s TGR in the second half. This is because
clearing of the activation source and interrupt generation at the end of the specified number of
transfers are restricted to the second half of the chain transfer (transfer when CHNE = 0).
[1] Perform settings for transfer to the PPG’s NDR. Set MRA to source address incrementing
(SM1 = 1, SM0 = 0), fixed destination address (DM1 = DM0 = 0), repeat mode (MD1 = 0,
MD0 = 1), and word size (Sz = 1). Set the source side as a repeat area (DTS = 1). Set MRB to
chain mode (CHNE = 1, DISEL = 0). Set the data table start address in SAR, the NDRH
address in DAR, and the data table size in CRAH and CRAL. CRB can be set to any value.
[2] Perform settings for transfer to the TPU’s TGR. Set MRA to source address incrementing
(SM1 = 1, SM0 = 0), fixed destination address (DM1 = DM0 = 0), normal mode (MD1 = MD0
= 0), and word size (Sz = 1). Set the data table start address in SAR, the TGRA address in
DAR, and the data table size in CRA. CRB can be set to any value.
[3] Locate the TPU transfer register information consecutively after the NDR transfer register
information.
[4] Set the start address of the NDR transfer register information to the DTC vector address.
[5] Set the bit corresponding to TGIA in DTCER to 1.
[6] Set TGRA as an output compare register (output disabled) with TIOR, and enable the TGIA
interrupt with TIER.
[7] Set the initial output value in PODR, and the next output value in NDR. Set bits in DDR and
NDER for which output is to be performed to 1. Using PCR, select the TPU compare match to
be used as the output trigger.
[8] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1, and start the TCNT count operation.
[9] Each time a TGRA compare match occurs, the next output value is transferred to NDR and the
set value of the next output trigger period is transferred to TGRA. The activation source TGFA
flag is cleared.
[10] When the specified number of transfers are completed (the TPU transfer CRA value is 0), the
TGFA flag is held at 1, the DTCE bit is cleared to 0, and a TGIA interrupt request is sent to the
CPU. Wrap-up processing should be performed in the interrupt handling routine.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Chain Transfer when Counter = 0: By executing a second data transfer, and performing resetting of the first data transfer, only when the counter value is 0, it is possible to perform 256 or
more repeat transfers.
An example is shown in which a 128-kbyte input buffer is configured. The input buffer is assumed
to have been set to start at lower address H'0000. Figure 8.13 shows the memory map.
[1] For the first transfer, set the normal mode for input data. Set fixed transfer source address
(G/A, etc.), CRA = H'0000 (64k times), and CHNE = 1, CHNS = 1, and DISEL = 0.
[2] Prepare the upper 8-bit addresses of the start addresses for each of the 64k transfer start
addresses for the first data transfer in a separate area (in ROM, etc.). For example, if the input
buffer comprises H'200000 to H'21FFFF, prepare H'21 and H'20.
[3] For the second transfer, set repeat mode (with the source side as the repeat area) for re-setting
the transfer destination address for the first data transfer. Use the upper 8 bits of DAR in the
first register information area as the transfer destination. Set CHNE = DISEL = 0. If the above
input buffer is specified as H'200000 to H'21FFFF, set the transfer counter to 2.
[4] Execute the first data transfer 64k times by means of interrupts. When the transfer counter for
the first data transfer reaches 0, the second data transfer is started. Set the upper 8 bits of the
transfer source address for the first data transfer to H'21. The lower 16 bits of the transfer
destination address of the first data transfer and the transfer counter are H'0000.
[5] Next, execute the first data transfer the 64k times specified for the first data transfer by means
of interrupts. When the transfer counter for the first data transfer reaches 0, the second data
transfer is started. Set the upper 8 bits of the transfer source address for the first data transfer to
H'20. The lower 16 bits of the transfer destination address of the first data transfer and the
transfer counter are H'0000.
[6] Steps [4] and [5] are repeated endlessly. As repeat mode is specified for the second data
transfer, an interrupt request is not sent to the CPU.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
Input circuit
Input buffer
First data
transfer register
information
Chain transfer
(counter = 0)
Second data
transfer register
information
Upper 8 bits
of DAR
Figure 8.13 Chain Transfer when Counter = 0
Software Activation: An example is shown in which the DTC is used to transfer a block of 128
bytes of data by means of software activation. The transfer source address is H'1000 and the
destination address is H'2000. The vector number is H'60, so the vector address is H'04C0.
[1] Set MRA to incrementing source address (SM1 = 1, SM0 = 0), incrementing destination
address (DM1 = 1, DM0 = 0), block transfer mode (MD1 = 1, MD0 = 0), and byte size (Sz =
0). The DTS bit can have any value. Set MRB for one block transfer by one interrupt (CHNE =
0). Set the transfer source address (H'1000) in SAR, the destination address (H'2000) in DAR,
and 128 (H'8080) in CRA. Set 1 (H'0001) in CRB.
[2] Set the start address of the register information at the DTC vector address (H'04C0).
[3] Check that the SWDTE bit in DTVECR is 0. Check that there is currently no transfer activated
by software.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
[4] Write 1 to the SWDTE bit and the vector number (H'60) to DTVECR. The write data is H'E0.
[5] Read DTVECR again and check that it is set to the vector number (H'60). If it is not, this
indicates that the write failed. This is presumably because an interrupt occurred between steps
[3] and [4] and led to a different software activation. To activate this transfer, go back to step
[3].
[6] If the write was successful, the DTC is activated and a block of 128 bytes of data is transferred.
[7] After the transfer, an SWDTEND interrupt occurs. The interrupt handling routine should clear
the SWDTE bit to 0 and perform other wrap-up processing.
8.4
Interrupts
An interrupt request is issued to the CPU when the DTC finishes the specified number of data
transfers, or a data transfer for which the DISEL bit was set to 1. In the case of interrupt activation,
the interrupt set as the activation source is generated. These interrupts to the CPU are subject to
CPU mask level and interrupt controller priority level control.
In the case of activation by software, a software activated data transfer end interrupt (SWDTEND)
is generated.
When the DISEL bit is 1 and one data transfer has ended, or the specified number of transfers
have ended, after data transfer ends, the SWDTE bit is held at 1 and an SWDTEND interrupt is
generated. The interrupt handling routine should clear the SWDTE bit to 0.
When the DTC is activated by software, an SWDTEND interrupt is not generated during a data
transfer wait or during data transfer even if the SWDTE bit is set to 1.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
8.5
Usage Notes
Module Stop: When the MSTP14 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, the DTC clock stops, and the DTC
enters the module stop state. However, 1 cannot be written to the MSTP14 bit while the DTC is
operating.
On-Chip RAM: The MRA, MRB, SAR, DAR, CRA, and CRB registers are all located in on-chip
RAM. When the DTC is used, the RAME bit in SYSCR must not be cleared to 0.
DMAC Transfer End Interrupt*: When DTC transfer is activated by a DMAC transfer end
interrupt, regardless of the transfer counter and DISEL bit, the DMAC’s DTE bit is not subject to
DTC control, and the write data has priority. Consequently, an interrupt request may not be sent to
the CPU when the DTC transfer counter reaches 0.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
DTCE Bit Setting: For DTCE bit setting, read/write operations must be performed using bitmanipulation instructions such as BSET and BCLR. For the initial setting only, however, when
multiple activation sources are set at one time, it is possible to disable interrupts and write after
executing a dummy read on the relevant register.
Chain Transfer: When chain transfer is used, clearing of the activation source or DTCER is
performed when the last of the chain of data transfers is executed. SCI and A/D converter
interrupt/activation sources, on the other hand, are cleared when the DTC reads or writes to the
prescribed register.
Therefore, when the DTC is activated by an interrupt or activation source, if a read/write of the
relevant register is not included in the last chained data transfer, the interrupt or activation source
will be retained.
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Section 8 Data Transfer Controller
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.1
Overview
The chip has 12 I/O ports (ports 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and A to G), and one input-only port (port 4).
Table 9.1 summarizes the port functions. The pins of each port also have other functions.
Each port includes a data direction register (DDR) that controls input/output (not provided for the
input-only port), a data register (DR) that stores output data, and a port register (PORT) used to
read the pin states.
Ports A to E have a built-in MOS pull-up function, and in addition to DR and DDR, have a MOS
input pull-up control register (PCR) to control the on/off state of MOS input pull-up.
Port 3 and port A include an open drain control register (ODR) that controls the on/off state of the
output buffer PMOS.
Ports 1 and A to F can drive a single TTL load and 50 pF capacitive load, and ports 2, 3, 5, 6, and
G can drive a single TTL load and 30 pF capacitive load.
Ports 1, 2, and 5 (only when used for IRQ input), and pins 64 to 67 and A4 to A7, are Schmitttriggered inputs.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 347 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Table 9.1
Port Functions
Port Description
Port 1 • 8-bit I/O
port
• Schmitttriggered
input
Pins
P17/PO15/TIOCB2/TCLKD
P16/PO14/TIOCA2
P15/PO13/TIOCB1/TCLKC
P14/PO12/TIOCA1
Mode 4*1
Mode 5*1
Mode 6
Mode 7
8-bit I/O port also functioning as DMA controller output pins
(DACK0 and DACK1)*2, TPU I/O pins (TCLKA, TCLKB,
TCLKC, TCLKD, TIOCA0, TIOCB0, TIOCC0, TIOCD0,
TIOCA1, TIOCB1, TIOCA2, TIOCB2) and PPG output pins
(PO15 to PO8)
P13/PO11/TIOCD0/TCLKB
P12/PO10/TIOCC0/TCLKA
P11/PO9/TIOCB0/DACK1*2
P10/PO8/TIOCA0/DACK0*2
Port 2 • 8-bit I/O
port
• Schmitttriggered
input
P27/PO7/TIOCB5/TMO1
P26/PO6/TIOCA5/TMO0
P25/PO5/TIOCB4/TMCI1
P24/PO4/TIOCA4/TMRI1
8-bit I/O port also functioning as TPU I/O pins (TIOCA3,
TIOCB3, TIOCC3, TIOCD3, TIOCA4, TIOCB4, TIOCA5,
TIOCB5), 8-bit timer (channels 0 and 1) I/O pins (TMRI0,
TMCI0, TMO0, TMRI1, TMCI1, TMO1) and PPG output pins
(PO7 to PO0)
P23/PO3/TIOCD3/TMCI0
P22/PO2/TIOCC3/TMRI0
P21/PO1/TIOCB3
P20/PO0/TIOCA3
Port 3 • 6-bit I/O
port
P35/SCK1
P34/SCK0
6-bit I/O port also functioning as SCI (channel 0 and 1) I/O
pins (TxD0, RxD0, SCK0, TxD1, RxD1, SCK1)
• Open-drain P3 /RxD
3
1
output
P3
/RxD
2
0
capability
P31/TxD1
P30/TxD0
Port 4 • 8-bit input
port
P47/AN7/DA1
P46/AN6/DA0
P45/AN5
P44/AN4
P43/AN3
P42/AN2
P41/AN1
P40/AN0
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 348 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
8-bit input port also functioning as A/D converter analog
inputs (AN7 to AN0) and D/A converter analog outputs (DA1
and DA0)
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Description
Port 5 • 4-bit I/O
port
Pins
Mode 4*1
Mode 5*1
Mode 6
Mode 7
P53/ADTRG/IRQ7/WAIT/
BREQO
I/O port also functioning as A/D converter
input pin (ADTRG), and as interrupt input pin
(IRQ7) when IRQPAS = 1, WAIT input pin
when WAITE = 1, BREQOE = 0, WAITPS =
1, DDR = 0, and WAITE = 0, BREQOE = 1,
BREQO output pin when BREQOPS = 1
P52/SCK2/IRQ6
I/O port also functioning as SCI (channel 2) I/O pins (TxD2,
RxD2, SCK2), and as interrupt input pins (IRQ4 to IRQ6)
when IRQPAS = 1
• Schmitttriggered
input
(IRQ input
only)
P51/RxD2/IRQ5
I/O port also
functioning as
A/D converter
input pin
(ADTRG),
and as interrupt input pin
(IRQ7) when
IRQPAS = 1
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
Port 6 • 8-bit I/O
port
P67/IRQ3/CS7
P66/IRQ2/CS6
• SchmittP65/IRQ1
triggered
P64/IRQ0
input
(P64 to P67) P63/TEND1*2
P62/DREQ1*2
8-bit I/O port also functioning as DMA
controller I/O pins (DREQ0, TEND0, DREQ1,
TEND1) *2, bus control output pins (CS4 to
CS7), and interrupt input pins (IRQ0 to IRQ3)
8-bit I/O port
also functioning as interrupt input pins
(IRQ0 to IRQ3)
When DDR = 0 (after reset):
dual function as input ports
and interrupt input pins (IRQ7
to IRQ5)
Dual function
as I/O ports
and interrupt
input pins
(IRQ7 to IRQ4)
P61/TEND0*2/CS5
P60/DREQ0*2/CS4
Port A • 8-bit I/O
port
PA7/A23/IRQ7
PA6/A22/IRQ6
• Built-in
PA5/A21/IRQ5
MOS input
pull-up
• Open-drain
output
capability
• Schmitttriggered
input
(PA4 to
PA7)
PA4/A20/IRQ4
When DDR =
0 (after reset):
dual function
as input ports
When DDR = 1 and A23E to and interrupt
input pins
A21E = 1: address output
(IRQ7 to IRQ4)
When DDR = 1 and A23E to
When DDR =
A21E = 0: DR value output
1 and A23E to
I/O port also functioning as
A20E = 1:
address output and interrupt address
input pin (IRQ4)
output
When DDR =
1 and A23E to
A20E = 0: DR
value output
PA3/A19 to PA0/A16
Address output
When DDR = I/O ports
0 (after reset):
input ports
When DDR =
1: address
output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 349 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Description
Port B • 8-bit I/O
port
Pins
PB7/A15 to PB0/A8
Mode 4*1
Mode 5*1
Address output
• Built-in
MOS input
pull-up
Port C • 8-bit I/O
port
Mode 7
When DDR =
1: address
output
PC7/A7 to PC0/A0
Address output
• Built-in
MOS input
pull-up
Port D • 8-bit I/O
port
Mode 6
When DDR = I/O ports
0 (after reset):
input port
When DDR = I/O ports
0 (after reset):
input port
When DDR =
1: address
output
PD7/D15 to PD0/D8
Data bus input/output
I/O ports
PE7/D7 to PE0/D0
In 8-bit bus mode: I/O port
I/O ports
• Built-in
MOS input
pull-up
Port E • 8-bit I/O
port
In 16-bit bus mode: data bus input/output
• Built-in
MOS input
pull-up
Port F • 8-bit I/O
port
PF7/φ
When DDR = 0: input port
When DDR = 1 (after reset): φ output
When DDR =
0 (after reset):
input port
When DDR =
1: φ output
PF6/AS
When ASOD = 1: I/O port
When ASOD = 0: AS output
PF5/RD
RD, HWR output
PF4/HWR
PF3/LWR
When LWROD = 1: I/O port
When LWROD = 0: LWR output
PF2/LCAS*2/WAIT/BREQO When WAITE = 0 and BREQOE = 0 (after
reset): I/O port
When WAITE = 1, BREQOE = 0, and
WAITPS = 0, DDR = 0: WAIT input
When WAITE = 0, BREQOE = 1, and
BREQOPS = 0: BREQO output
When RMTS2 to RMTS0= B'001 to B'011,
and 16-bit access space is set: LCAS output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 350 of 1268
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I/O ports
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Description
Pins
Mode 4*1
Mode 5*1
Mode 6
Port F • 8-bit I/O
port
PF1/BACK
PF0/BREQ
When BRLE = 1: BREQ input, BACK output
Port G • 5-bit I/O
port
PG4/CS0
When DDR = 0*3: input port
When DDR = 1*4: CS0 output
PG3/CS1
When DDR = 0 (after reset): input port
When BRLE = 0 (after reset): I/O port
Mode 7
I/O ports
I/O ports
When CS167E = 0 and DDR = 1: output port
When CS167E = 1 and DDR = 1: CS1
output
PG2/CS2
When DDR = 0 (after reset): input port
When CS25E = 0 and DDR = 1: output port
When CS25E = 1 and DDR = 1: CS2 output
PG1/CS3
When DDR = 0 (after reset): input port
When CS25E = 0 and DDR = 1: output port
When CS25E = 1 and DDR = 1: CS3 output
PG0/CAS*2
DRAM space set: CAS output
Otherwise (after reset): I/O port
Notes: 1. Only modes 4 and 5 are provided in the ROMless version.
2. The DACK1, DACK0, TEND1, DREQ1, TEND0, DREQ0 and LCAS are not supported
in the H8S/2321.
3. After a reset in mode 6.
4. After a reset in mode 4 or 5.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 351 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.2
Port 1
9.2.1
Overview
Port 1 is an 8-bit I/O port. Port 1 pins also function as PPG output pins (PO15 to PO8), TPU I/O
pins (TCLKA, TCLKB, TCLKC, TCLKD, TIOCA0, TIOCB0, TIOCC0, TIOCD0, TIOCA1,
TIOCB1, TIOCA2, and TIOCB2), and DMAC* output pins (DACK0 and DACK1). Port 1 pin
functions are the same in all operating modes. Port 1 uses Schmitt-triggered input.
Figure 9.1 shows the port 1 pin configuration.
Note: * Not supported in the H8S/2321.
Port 1 pins
P17 (I/O) / PO15 (output) / TIOCB2 (I/O) / TCLKD (input)
P16 (I/O) / PO14 (output) / TIOCA2 (I/O)
P15 (I/O) / PO13 (output) / TIOCB1 (I/O) / TCLKC (input)
Port 1
P14 (I/O) / PO12 (output) / TIOCA1 (I/O)
P13 (I/O) / PO11 (output) / TIOCD0 (I/O) / TCLKB (input)
P12 (I/O) / PO10 (output) / TIOCC0 (I/O) / TCLKA (input)
P11 (I/O) / PO9 (output) / TIOCB0 (I/O) / DACK1* (output)
P10 (I/O) / PO8 (output) / TIOCA0 (I/O) / DACK0* (output)
Note: * The DACK1 and DACK0 pin functions are not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 9.1 Port 1 Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 352 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.2.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.2 shows the port 1 register configuration.
Table 9.2
Port 1 Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port 1 data direction register
P1DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB0
Port 1 data register
P1DR
R/W
H'00
H'FF60
Port 1 register
PORT1
R
Undefined
H'FF50
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port 1 Data Direction Register (P1DDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P17DDR P16DDR P15DDR P14DDR P13DDR P12DDR P11DDR P10DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
P1DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 1. P1DDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
Setting a P1DDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 1 pin an output pin, while clearing the bit
to 0 makes the pin an input pin.
P1DDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 353 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 1 Data Register (P1DR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P17DR
P16DR
P15DR
P14DR
P13DR
P12DR
P11DR
P10DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P1DR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port 1 pins (P17 to P10).
P1DR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port 1 Register (PORT1)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P17
—*
P16
—*
P15
—*
P14
—*
P13
—*
P12
—*
P11
—*
P10
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins P17 to P10.
PORT1 is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port 1 pins (P17 to P10) must always be performed on P1DR.
If a port 1 read is performed while P1DDR bits are set to 1, the P1DR values are read. If a port 1
read is performed while P1DDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORT1 contents are determined by the pin states, as
P1DDR and P1DR are initialized. PORT1 retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 354 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.2.3
Pin Functions
Port 1 pins also function as PPG output pins (PO15 to PO8), TPU I/O pins (TCLKA, TCLKB,
TCLKC, TCLKD, TIOCA0, TIOCB0, TIOCC0, TIOCD0, TIOCA1, TIOCB1, TIOCA2, and
TIOCB2), and DMAC* output pins (DACK0 and DACK1). Port 1 pin functions are shown in table
9.3.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Table 9.3
Port 1 Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P17/PO15/
TIOCB2/TCLKD
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 2 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR2, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR2, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR2), bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in
TCR0 and TCR5, bit NDER15 in NDERH, and bit P17DDR.
TPU Channel
2 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P17DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER15
—
—
0
1
Pin function
TIOCB2 output
P17
P17
PO15
input
output
output
1
TIOCB2 input*
2
TCLKD input*
Notes: 1. TIOCB2 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOB3 = 1.
2. TCLKD input when the setting for either TCR0 or TCR5 is: TPSC2
to TPSC0 = B'111.
TCLKD input when channels 2 and 4 are set to phase counting
mode.
TPU Channel
2 Setting
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
MD3 to MD0
B'0000, B'01xx
B'0010
B'0011
IOB3 to IOB0 B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'xx00
Other than B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
CCLR1,
—
—
—
—
Other
B'10
CCLR0
than B'10
Output
—
Output
—
—
PWM
—
compare
mode 2
function
output
output
x: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 355 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P16/PO14/
TIOCA2
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 2 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR2, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR2, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR2), bit NDER14 in NDERH, and
bit P16DDR.
TPU Channel
2 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P16DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER14
—
—
0
1
TIOCA2 output
P16
input
P16
output
PO14
output
Pin function
1
TIOCA2 input*
TPU Channel
2 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0011
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
Other
B'01
than B'01
PWM
PWM
—
mode 1 mode 2
2
output*
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCA2 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOA3 = 1.
2. TIOCB2 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 356 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P15/PO13/
TIOCB1/TCLKC
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 1 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR1, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR1, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR1), bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in
TCR0, TCR2, TCR4, and TCR5, bit NDER13 in NDERH, and bit P15DDR.
TPU Channel
1 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P15DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER13
—
—
0
1
TIOCB1 output
P15
input
P15
output
PO13
output
Pin function
1
TIOCB1 input*
TCLKC input
*2
Notes: 1. TIOCB1 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOB3
to IOB0 = B'10xx.
2. TCLKC input when the setting for either TCR0 or TCR2 is: TPSC2
to TPSC0 = B'110; or when the setting for either TCR4 or TCR5 is
TPSC2 to TPSC0 = B'101.
TCLKC input when channels 2 and 4 are set to phase counting
mode.
TPU Channel
1 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOB3 to IOB0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0011
B'0100
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'10
than
B'10
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 357 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P14/PO12/
TIOCA1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 1 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR1, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR1, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR1), bit NDER12 in NDERH, and
bit P14DDR.
TPU Channel
1 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P14DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER12
—
—
0
1
TIOCA1 output
P14
input
P14
output
PO12
output
Pin function
1
TIOCA1 input*
TPU Channel
1 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
(1)
B'0010
Other
than
B'xx00
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
Other
B'01
than B'01
PWM
PWM
—
mode 1 mode 2
2
output*
output
x: Don't care
Notes: 1. TIOCA1 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOA3 to
IOA0 = B'10xx.
2. TIOCB1 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 358 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P13/PO11/
TIOCD0/TCLKB
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 0 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR0, bits IOD3 to IOD0
in TIOR0L, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR0), bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in
TCR0 to TCR2, bit NDER11 in NDERH, and bit P13DDR.
TPU Channel
0 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P13DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER11
—
—
0
1
TIOCD0 output
P13
input
P13
output
PO11
output
Pin function
1
TIOCD0 input*
TCLKB input
*2
Notes: 1. TIOCD0 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOD3 to IOD0 =
B'10xx.
2. TCLKB input when the setting for TCR0 to TCR2 is: TPSC2 to
TPSC0 = B'101.
TCLKB input when channels 1 and 5 are set to phase counting
mode.
TPU Channel
0 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOD3 to IOD0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(2)
B'0000
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
(1)
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'110
than
B'110
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 359 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P12/PO10/
TIOCC0/TCLKA
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 0 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR0, bits IOC3 to IOC0
in TIOR0L, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR0), bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in
TCR0 to TCR5, bit NDER10 in NDERH, and bit P12DDR.
TPU Channel
0 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P12DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER10
—
—
0
1
TIOCC0 output
P12
input
P12
output
PO10
output
Pin function
1
TIOCC0 input*
TCLKA input
TPU Channel
0 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOC3 to IOC0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
*2
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
PWM
mode 1
3
output*
Other
B'101
than
B'101
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCC0 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOC3 to IOC0 =
B'10xx.
2. TCLKA input when the setting for TCR0 to TCR5 is: TPSC2 to
TPSC0 = B'100.
TCLKA input when channels 1 and 5 are set to phase counting
mode.
3. TIOCD0 output is disabled.
When BFA = 1 or BFB = 1 in TMDR0, output is disabled and setting
(2) applies.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 360 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P11/PO9/TIOCB0/
2
DACK1*
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 0 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR0, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR0H, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR0), bit NDER9 in NDERH, bit
2
SAE1* in DMABCRH, and bit P11DDR.
2
SAE1*
0
1
TPU Channel
0 Setting
Table
Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P11DDR
—
0
1
1
—
NDER9
—
—
0
1
—
TIOCB0
output
P11
input
P11
output
Pin function
PO9
output
1
TIOCB0 input*
DACK1*
output
2
Notes: 1. TIOCB0 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOB3 to IOB0 =
B'10xx.
2. The DMAC and the DACK1 pin function are not supported in the
H8S/2321.
TPU Channel
0 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOB3 to IOB0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(2)
B'0000
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
(1)
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'010
than
B'010
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 361 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P10/PO8/TIOCA0/
2
DACK0*
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 0 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR0, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR0H, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR0), bit NDER8 in NDERH, bit
2
SAE0* in DMABCRH, and bit P10DDR.
2
SAE0*
0
1
TPU Channel
0 Setting
Table
Below (1)
Table Below (2)
—
P10DDR
—
0
1
1
—
NDER8
—
—
0
1
—
TIOCA0
output
P10
input
P10
output
Pin function
TPU Channel
0 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
PO8
output
1
TIOCA0 input*
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
DACK0*
output
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
PWM
mode 1
3
output*
Other
B'001
than
B'001
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCA0 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOA3 to IOA0 =
B'10xx.
2. The DMAC and the DACK0 pin function are not supported in the
H8S/2321.
3. TIOCB0 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 362 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
2
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.3
Port 2
9.3.1
Overview
Port 2 is an 8-bit I/O port. Port 2 pins also function as PPG output pins (PO7 to PO0), TPU I/O pins
(TIOCA3, TIOCB3, TIOCC3, TIOCD3, TIOCA4, TIOCB4, TIOCA5, and TIOCB5) and 8-bit timer
I/O pins (TMRI0, TMCI0, TMO0, TMRI1, TMCI1, TMO1). Port 2 pin functions are the same in all
operating modes. Port 2 uses Schmitt-triggered input.
Figure 9.2 shows the port 2 pin configuration.
Port 2 pins
P27 (I/O) / PO7 (output) / TIOCB5 (I/O) / TMO1 (output)
P26 (I/O) / PO6 (output) / TIOCA5 (I/O) / TMO0 (output)
P25 (I/O) / PO5 (output) / TIOCB4 (I/O) / TMCI1 (input)
Port 2
P24 (I/O) / PO4 (output) / TIOCA4 (I/O) / TMRI1 (input)
P23 (I/O) / PO3 (output) / TIOCD3 (I/O) / TMCI0 (input)
P22 (I/O) / PO2 (output) / TIOCC3 (I/O) / TMRI0 (input)
P21 (I/O) / PO1 (output) / TIOCB3 (I/O)
P20 (I/O) / PO0 (output) / TIOCA3 (I/O)
Figure 9.2 Port 2 Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 363 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.3.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.4 shows the port 2 register configuration.
Table 9.4
Port 2 Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port 2 data direction register
P2DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB1
Port 2 data register
P2DR
R/W
H'00
H'FF61
Port 2 register
PORT2
R
Undefined
H'FF51
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port 2 Data Direction Register (P2DDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P27DDR P26DDR P25DDR P24DDR P23DDR P22DDR P21DDR P20DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
P2DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 2. P2DDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
Setting a P2DDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 2 pin an output pin, while clearing the bit
to 0 makes the pin an input pin.
P2DDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 364 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 2 Data Register (P2DR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P27DR
P26DR
P25DR
P24DR
P23DR
P22DR
P21DR
P20DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P2DR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port 2 pins (P27 to P20).
P2DR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port 2 Register (PORT2)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P27
—*
P26
—*
P25
—*
P24
—*
P23
—*
P22
—*
P21
—*
P20
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins P27 to P20.
PORT2 is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port 2 pins (P27 to P20) must always be performed on P2DR.
If a port 2 read is performed while P2DDR bits are set to 1, the P2DR values are read. If a port 2
read is performed while P2DDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORT2 contents are determined by the pin states, as
P2DDR and P2DR are initialized. PORT2 retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 365 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.3.3
Pin Functions
Port 2 pins also function as PPG output pins (PO7 to PO0) and TPU I/O pins (TIOCA3, TIOCB3,
TIOCC3, TIOCD3, TIOCA4, TIOCB4, TIOCA5, and TIOCB5), and 8-bit timer I/O pins (TMRI0,
TMCI0, TMO0, TMRI1, TMCI1, and TMO1). Port 2 pin functions are shown in table 9.5.
Table 9.5
Port 2 Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P27/PO7/TIOCB5/
TMO1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 5 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR5, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR5, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR5), bit NDER7 in NDERL, bits
OS3 to OS0 in TCSR1, and bit P27DDR.
OS3 to OS0
TPU Channel
5 Setting
All 0
Table
Below (1)
Not all 0
Table Below (2)
—
P27DDR
—
0
1
1
—
NDER7
—
—
0
1
—
TIOCB5
output
P27
input
P27
output
Pin function
PO7
output
TIOCB5 input*
TMO1
output
Note: * TIOCB5 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOB3 = 1.
TPU Channel
5 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOB3 to IOB0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 366 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'10
than B'10
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P26/PO6/TIOCA5/
TMO0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 5 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR5, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR5, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR5), bit NDER6 in NDERL, bits
OS3 to OS0 in TCSR0, and bit P26DDR.
OS3 to OS0
TPU Channel
5 Setting
All 0
Table
Below (1)
Not all 0
Table Below (2)
—
P26DDR
—
0
1
1
—
NDER6
—
—
0
1
—
TIOCA5
output
P26
input
P26
output
Pin function
TPU Channel
5 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
PO6
output
1
TIOCA5 input*
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
TMO0
output
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
Other
B'01
than B'01
PWM
PWM
—
mode 1 mode 2
2
output*
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCA5 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOA3 = 1.
2. TIOCB5 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 367 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P25/PO5/TIOCB4/
TMCI1
This pin is used as the 8-bit timer external clock input pin when an external
clock is selected with bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCR1.
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 4 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR4, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR4, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR4), bit NDER5 in NDERL, and bit
P25DDR.
TPU Channel
4 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P25DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER5
—
—
0
1
TIOCB4 output
P25
input
P25
output
PO5
output
Pin function
TIOCB4 input*
TMCI1 input
Note: * TIOCB4 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOB3 to IOB0
= B'10xx.
TPU Channel
4 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOB3 to IOB0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 368 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'10
than B'10
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P24/PO4/TIOCA4/
TMRI1
This pin is used as the 8-bit timer counter reset pin when bits CCLR1 and
CCLR0 in TCR1 are both set to 1.
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 4 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR4, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR4, and bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR4), bit NDER4 in NDERL, and bit
P24DDR.
TPU Channel
4 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P24DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER4
—
—
0
1
TIOCA4 output
P24
input
P24
output
PO4
output
Pin function
1
TIOCA4 input*
TMRI1 input
TPU Channel
4 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR1,
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000, B'01xx
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
Other
B'01
than B'01
PWM
PWM
—
mode 1 mode 2
2
output*
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCA4 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000 or B'01xx, and IOA3 to
IOA0 = B'10xx.
2. TIOCB4 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 369 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P23/PO3/TIOCD3/
TMCI0
This pin is used as the 8-bit timer external clock input pin when an external
clock is selected with bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCR0.
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 3 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR3, bits IOD3 to IOD0
in TIOR3L, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR3), bit NDER3 in NDERL, and bit
P23DDR.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P23DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER3
—
—
0
1
TIOCD3 output
P23
input
P23
output
Pin function
PO3
output
TIOCD3 input*
TMCI0 input
Note: * TIOCD3 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOD3 to IOD0 = B'10xx.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOD3 to IOD0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(2)
B'0000
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 370 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(1)
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'110
than
B'110
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P22/PO2/TIOCC3/
TMRI0
This pin is used as the 8-bit timer counter reset pin when bits CCLR1 and
CCLR0 in TCR0 are both set to 1.
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 3 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR3, bits IOC3 to IOC0
in TIOR3L, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR3), bit NDER2 in NDERL, and bit
P22DDR.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P22DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER2
—
—
0
1
TIOCC3 output
P22
input
P22
output
PO2
output
Pin function
1
TIOCC3 input*
TMRI0 input
TPU Channel
3 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOC3 to IOC0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(2)
B'0000
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
(1)
Output
compare
output
—
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
PWM
mode 1
2
output*
Other
B'101
than
B'101
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCC3 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOC3 to IOC0 =
B'10xx.
2. TIOCD3 output is disabled.
When BFA = 1 or BFB = 1 in TMDR3, output is disabled and setting
(2) applies.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 371 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P21/PO1/TIOCB3
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 3 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR3, bits IOB3 to IOB0
in TIOR3H, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR3), bit NDER1 in NDERL, and bit
P21DDR.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P21DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER1
—
—
0
1
TIOCB3 output
P21
input
P21
output
PO1
output
Pin function
TIOCB3 input*
Note: * TIOCB3 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOB3 to IOB0 = B'10xx.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOB3 to IOB0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000
B'0010
B'0000 B'0001 to
—
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 372 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Output
compare
output
—
(2)
B'xx00
—
—
(1)
(2)
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
Other
B'010
than
B'010
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P20/PO0/TIOCA3
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the TPU channel 3 setting (by bits MD3 to MD0 in TMDR3, bits IOA3 to IOA0
in TIOR3H, and bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR3), bit NDER0 in NDERL, and bit
P20DDR.
TPU Channel
3 Setting
Table Below (1)
Table Below (2)
P20DDR
—
0
1
1
NDER0
—
—
0
1
TIOCA3 output
P20
input
P20
output
PO0
output
Pin function
1
TIOCA3 input*
TPU Channel
3 Setting
MD3 to MD0
IOA3 to IOA0
CCLR2 to
CCLR0
Output
function
(2)
(1)
(2)
B'0000
B'001x
B'0000 B'0001 to B'xx00
B'0100 B'0011
B'1xxx B'0101 to
B'0111
—
—
—
—
Output
compare
output
—
(1)
(1)
(2)
B'0010
B'0011
Other than B'xx00
—
PWM
mode 1
2
output*
Other
B'001
than
B'001
PWM
—
mode 2
output
x: Don’t care
Notes: 1. TIOCA3 input when MD3 to MD0 = B'0000, and IOA3 to IOA0 =
B'10xx.
2. TIOCB3 output is disabled.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 373 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.4
Port 3
9.4.1
Overview
Port 3 is a 6-bit I/O port. Port 3 pins also function as SCI I/O pins (TxD0, RxD0, SCK0, TxD1,
RxD1, and SCK1). Port 3 pin functions are the same in all operating modes.
Figure 9.3 shows the port 3 pin configuration.
Port 3 pins
P35 (I/O) / SCK1 (I/O)
P34 (I/O) / SCK0 (I/O)
P33 (I/O) / RxD1 (input)
Port 3
P32 (I/O) / RxD0 (input)
P31 (I/O) / TxD1 (output)
P30 (I/O) / TxD0 (output)
Figure 9.3 Port 3 Pin Functions
9.4.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.6 shows the port 3 register configuration.
Table 9.6
Port 3 Registers
2
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value*
Address*
Port 3 data direction register
P3DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB2
Port 3 data register
P3DR
R/W
H'00
H'FF62
Port 3 register
PORT3
R
Undefined
H'FF52
Port 3 open drain control register
P3ODR
R/W
H'00
H'FF76
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Value of bits 5 to 0.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 374 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 3 Data Direction Register (P3DDR)
Bit
:
7
6
—
—
5
4
3
2
1
0
P35DDR P34DDR P33DDR P32DDR P31DDR P30DDR
Initial value : Undefined Undefined
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
—
—
P3DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 3. Bits 7 and 6 are reserved. P3DDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be
read.
Setting a P3DDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 3 pin an output pin, while clearing the bit
to 0 makes the pin an input pin.
P3DDR is initialized to H'00 (bits 5 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its
prior state in software standby mode. As the SCI is initialized, the pin states are determined by the
P3DDR and P3DR specifications.
Port 3 Data Register (P3DR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
P35DR
P34DR
P33DR
P32DR
P31DR
P30DR
Initial value : Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P3DR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port 3 pins (P35 to P30).
Bits 7 and 6 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
P3DR is initialized to H'00 (bits 5 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its
prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 375 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 3 Register (PORT3)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
P35
—*
P34
—*
P33
—*
P32
—*
P31
—*
P30
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value : Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
Note: * Determined by state of pins P35 to P30.
PORT3 is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. Writing of output data for the port 3
pins (P35 to P30) must always be performed on P3DR.
Bits 7 and 6 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
If a port 3 read is performed while P3DDR bits are set to 1, the P3DR values are read. If a port 3
read is performed while P3DDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORT3 contents are determined by the pin states, as
P3DDR and P3DR are initialized. PORT3 retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Port 3 Open Drain Control Register (P3ODR)
Bit
:
7
6
—
—
Initial value : Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
5
4
3
2
1
0
P35ODR P34ODR P33ODR P32ODR P31ODR P30ODR
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P3ODR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the PMOS on/off status for each port 3
pin (P35 to P30).
Bits 7 and 6 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
Setting a P3ODR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 3 pin an NMOS open-drain output pin,
while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin a CMOS output pin.
P3ODR is initialized to H'00 (bits 5 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its
prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 376 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 9 I/O Ports
9.4.3
Pin Functions
Port 3 pins also function as SCI I/O pins (TxD0, RxD0, SCK0, TxD1, RxD1, and SCK1). Port 3 pin
functions are shown in table 9.7.
Table 9.7
Port 3 Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P35/SCK1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit C/A in the SCI1 SMR, bits CKE0 and CKE1 in SCR, and bit P35DDR.
CKE1
0
C/A
0
CKE0
P35DDR
Pin function
1
0
0
1
1
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
SCK1
SCK1
P35
output pin* output pin* output pin*
P35
input pin
SCK1
input pin
Note: * When P35ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
P34/SCK0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit C/A in the SCI0 SMR, bits CKE0 and CKE1 in SCR, and bit P34DDR.
CKE1
0
C/A
0
CKE0
P34DDR
Pin function
1
0
0
P34
input pin
1
1
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
SCK0
SCK0
P34
output pin* output pin* output pin*
SCK0
input pin
Note: * When P34ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 377 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P33/RxD1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit RE in the SCI1 SCR, and bit P33DDR.
RE
0
P33DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
—
P33 input pin
P33 output pin*
RxD1 input pin
Note: * When P33ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
P32/RxD0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit RE in the SCI0 SCR, and bit P32DDR.
RE
0
P32DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
—
P32 input pin
P32 output pin*
RxD0 input pin
Note: * When P32ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
P31/TxD1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit TE in the SCI1 SCR, and bit P31DDR.
TE
0
P31DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
—
P31 input pin
P31 output pin*
TxD1 output pin
Note: * When P31ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
P30/TxD0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit TE in the SCI0 SCR, and bit P30DDR.
TE
0
P30DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
—
P30 input pin
P30 output pin*
TxD0 output pin
Note: * When P30ODR = 1, the pin becomes an NMOS open-drain output.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.5
Port 4
9.5.1
Overview
Port 4 is an 8-bit input-only port. Port 4 pins also function as A/D converter analog input pins
(AN0 to AN7) and D/A converter analog output pins (DA0 and DA1). Port 4 pin functions are the
same in all operating modes. Figure 9.4 shows the port 4 pin configuration.
Port 4 pins
P47 (input) / AN7 (input) / DA1 (output)
P46 (input) / AN6 (input) / DA0 (output)
P45 (input) / AN5 (input)
Port 4
P44 (input) / AN4 (input)
P43 (input) / AN3 (input)
P42 (input) / AN2 (input)
P41 (input) / AN1 (input)
P40 (input) / AN0 (input)
Figure 9.4 Port 4 Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 379 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.5.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.8 shows the port 4 register configuration. Port 4 is an input-only port, and does not have a
data direction register or data register.
Table 9.8
Port 4 Register
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port 4 register
PORT4
R
Undefined
H'FF53
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port 4 Register (PORT4): The pin states are always read when a port 4 read is performed.
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P47
—*
P46
—*
P45
—*
P44
—*
P43
—*
P42
—*
P41
—*
P40
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins P47 to P40.
9.5.3
Pin Functions
Port 4 pins also function as A/D converter analog input pins (AN0 to AN7) and D/A converter
analog output pins (DA0 and DA1).
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 380 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.6
Port 5
9.6.1
Overview
Port 5 is a 4-bit I/O port. Port 5 pins also function as SCI I/O pins (TxD2, RxD2, and SCK2), the
A/D converter input pin (ADTRG), interrupt input pins (IRQ4 to IRQ7), and bus control signal I/O
pins (WAIT and BREQO). The pin functions can be switched by means of settings in PFCR2 and
SYSCR. IRQ4 to IRQ7 only are Schmitt-triggered inputs. Figure 9.5 shows the port 5 pin
configuration.
Port 5 pins
P53 (I/O) / ADTRG (input) / IRQ7 (input) / WAIT (input) / BREQO (output)
Port 5
P52 (I/O) / SCK2 (I/O) / IRQ6 (input)
P51 (I/O) / RxD2 (input) / IRQ5 (input)
P50 (I/O) / TxD2 (output) /IRQ4 (input)
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
P53 (I/O) / ADTRG (input) / IRQ7 (input) / WAIT (input) / BREQO (output)
P52 (I/O) / SCK2 (I/O) / IRQ6 (input)
P51 (I/O) / RxD2 (input) / IRQ5 (input)
P50 (I/O) / TxD2 (output) / IRQ4 (input)
Pin functions in mode 7
P53 (I/O) / ADTRG (input) / IRQ7 (input)
P52 (I/O) / SCK2 (I/O) / IRQ6 (input)
P51 (I/O) / RxD2 (input) / IRQ5 (input)
P50 (I/O) / TxD2 (output) / IRQ4 (input)
Figure 9.5 Port 5 Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 381 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.6.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.9 shows the port 5 register configuration.
Table 9.9
Port 5 Registers
1
Address*
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Port 5 data direction register
P5DDR
W
H'FEB4
Port 5 data register
P5DR
R/W
H'0*
2
H'0*
Port 5 register
PORT5
R
Undefined
H'FF54
2
H'FF64
Port function control register 2
PFCR2
R/W
H'30
H'FFAC
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Value of bits 3 to 0.
Port 5 Data Direction Register (P5DDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
—
—
—
—
3
2
1
0
P53DDR P52DDR P51DDR P50DDR
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
:
—
—
—
—
P5DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 5. Bits 7 to 4 are reserved. P5DDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be
read.
Setting a P5DDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 5 pin an output pin, while clearing the bit
to 0 makes the pin an input pin.
P5DDR is initialized to H'0 (bits 3 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its
prior state in software standby mode. As the SCI is initialized, the pin states are determined by the
P5DDR and P5DR specifications.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 382 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 5 Data Register (P5DR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
P53DR
P52DR
P51DR
P50DR
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
P5DR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port 5 pins (P53 to P50).
Bits 7 to 4 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
P5DR is initialized to H'0 (bits 3 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior
state in software standby mode.
Port 5 Register (PORT5)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
P53
—*
P52
—*
P51
—*
P50
—*
R
R
R
R
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
Note: * Determined by state of pins P53 to P50.
PORT5 is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port 5 pins (P53 to P50) must always be performed on P5DR.
Bits 7 to 4 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
If a port 5 read is performed while P5DDR bits are set to 1, the P5DR values are read. If a port 5
read is performed while P5DDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORT5 contents are determined by the pin states, as
P5DDR and P5DR are initialized. PORT5 retains its prior state in software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Function Control Register 2 (PFCR2)
Bit
:
7
6
5
WAITPS BREQOPS CS167E
Initial value :
R/W
:
4
3
2
1
0
CS25E
ASOD
—
—
—
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
PFCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs I/O port control. PFCR2 is initialized to
H'30 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—WAIT Pin Select (WAITPS): Selects the WAIT input pin. Set the WAITPS bit before
setting the DDR bit clear to 0 and the WAITE bit in BCRL to 1.
Bit 7
WAITPS
Description
0
WAIT input is PF2 pin
1
WAIT input is P53 pin
(Initial value)
Bit 6—BREQO Pin Select (BREQOPS): Selects the BREQO output pin. Set the BREQOPS bit
before setting the BREQOE bit in BCRL to 1.
Bit 6
BREQOPS
Description
0
BREQO output is PF2 pin
1
BREQO output is P53 pin
(Initial value)
Bit 5—CS167 Enable (CS167E): Enables or disables CS1, CS6, and CS7 output. For details, see
section 9.7, Port 6, and section 9.14, Port G.
Bit 4—CS25 Enable (CS25E): Enables or disables CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output. For details,
see section 9.7, Port 6, and section 9.14, Port G.
Bit 3—AS Output Disable (ASOD): Enables or disables AS output. For details, see section 9.13,
Port F.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 384 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
LWROD IRQPAS
RAME
SYSCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the interrupt control mode, controls the
LWR pin, switches the IRQ4 to IRQ7 input pins, and selects the detected edge for NMI. SYSCR is
initialized to H'01 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in software
standby mode.
Bits 5 and 4—Interrupt Control Mode 1 and 0 (INTM1, INTM0): These bits select either of
two interrupt control modes for the interrupt controller. For details, see section 5, Interrupt
Controller.
Bit 3—NMI Edge Select (NMIEG): Selects the input edge for the NMI pin. For details, see
section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Bit 2—LWR Output Disable (LWROD): Enables or disables LWR output. For details, see
section 9.13, Port F.
Bit 1—IRQ Port Switching Select (IRQPAS): Selects switching of input pins for IRQ4 to IRQ7.
IRQ4 to IRQ7 input is always performed from one of the ports.
Bit 1
IRQPAS
Description
0
PA4 to PA7 used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
1
P50 to P53 used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
(Initial value)
Bit 0—RAM Enable (RAME): Enables or disables on-chip RAM. For details, see section 18,
RAM.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 385 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.6.3
Pin Functions
Port 5 pins also function as SCI I/O pins (TxD2, RxD2, and SCK2), the A/D converter input pin
(ADTRG), interrupt input pins (IRQ4 to IRQ7), and bus control signal I/O pins (WAIT and
BREQO). Port 5 pin functions are shown in table 9.10.
Table 9.10 Port 5 Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P53/ADTRG/
IRQ7/WAIT/
BREQO
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode, bits TRGS1 and TRGS0 in the A/D control register
(ADCR), and bits IRQPAS, WAITE, WAITPS, BREQOE, BREQOPS, and
P53DDR.
Operating mode
Modes 4 to 6
[BREQOE ·
BREQOPS]
0
[WAITE ·
WAITPS]
P53DDR
Pin function
Mode 7
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
P53
input
pin
P53
output
pin
WAIT
input
pin
—
0
1
—
—
Setting BREQO Setting
prooutput
prohibited
pin
hibited
—
0
1
P53
input
pin
P53
output
pin
ADTRG input pin*1
IRQ7 interrupt input pin*2
Notes: 1. ADTRG input when TRGS0 = TRGS1 = 1.
2. IRQ7 input when IRQPAS = 1.
P52/SCK2/IRQ6
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit C/A in the SCI2 SMR, bits CKE0 and CKE1 in SCR, and bits IRQPAS and
P52DDR.
CKE1
0
C/A
0
CKE0
P52DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
—
1
—
—
—
—
0
1
—
P52
input pin
P52
output pin
SCK2
output pin
SCK2
output pin
IRQ6 interrupt input pin*
Note: * IRQ6 input when IRQPAS = 1.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 386 of 1268
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SCK2
input pin
Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P51/RxD2/IRQ5
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit RE in the SCI2 SCR, and bits IRQPAS and P51DDR.
RE
P51DDR
Pin function
0
1
0
1
—
P51 input pin
P51 output pin
RxD2 input pin
IRQ5 interrupt input pin*
Note: * IRQ5 input when IRQPAS = 1.
P50/TxD2/IRQ4
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit TE in the SCI2 SCR, and bits IRQPAS and P50DDR.
TE
P50DDR
Pin function
0
1
0
1
—
P50 input pin
P50 output pin
TxD2 output pin
IRQ4 interrupt input pin*
Note: * IRQ4 input when IRQPAS = 1.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 387 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.7
Port 6
9.7.1
Overview
Port 6 is an 8-bit I/O port. Port 6 pins also function as interrupt input pins (IRQ0 to IRQ3),
DMAC* I/O pins (DREQ0, TEND0, DREQ1, and TEND1), and bus control output pins (CS4 to
CS7). The functions of pins P65 to P62 are the same in all operating modes, while the functions of
pins P67, P66, P61, and P60 change according to the operating mode. Switching of CS4 to CS7
output can be performed by setting PFCR2. Pins P67 to P64 are Schmitt-triggered inputs. Figure
9.6 shows the port 6 pin configuration.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Port 6
Port 6 pins
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
P67 / IRQ3 / CS7
P67 (I/O) / IRQ3 (input) / CS7 (output)
P66 / IRQ2 / CS6
P66 (I/O) / IRQ2 (input) / CS6 (output)
P65 / IRQ1
P65 (I/O) / IRQ1 (input)
P64 / IRQ0
P64 (I/O) / IRQ0 (input)
P63 / TEND1
P63 (I/O) / TEND1* (output)
P62 / DREQ1
P62 (I/O) / DREQ1* (input)
P61 / TEND0 / CS5
P61 (I/O) / TEND0* (output) / CS5 (output)
P60 / DREQ0 / CS4
P60 (I/O) / DREQ0* (input) / CS4 (output)
Pin functions in mode 7
P67 (I/O) / IRQ3 (input)
P66 (I/O) / IRQ2 (input)
P65 (I/O) / IRQ1 (input)
P64 (I/O) / IRQ0 (input)
P63 (I/O) / TEND1* (output)
P62 (I/O) / DREQ1* (input)
P61 (I/O) / TEND0* (output)
P60 (I/O) / DREQ0* (input)
Note: * The TEND1, DREQ1, TEND0, and DREQ0 pin functions are not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 9.6 Port 6 Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 388 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.7.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.11 shows the port 6 register configuration.
Table 9.11 Port 6 Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port 6 data direction register
P6DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB5
Port 6 data register
P6DR
R/W
H'00
H'FF65
Port 6 register
PORT6
R
Undefined
H'FF55
Port function control register 2
PFCR2
R/W
H'30
H'FFAC
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port 6 Data Direction Register (P6DDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P67DDR P66DDR P65DDR P64DDR P63DDR P62DDR P61DDR P60DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
P6DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 6. P6DDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
Setting a P6DDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port 6 pin an output pin, while clearing the bit
to 0 makes the pin an input pin.
P6DDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 389 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port 6 Data Register (P6DR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P67DR
P66DR
P65DR
P64DR
P63DR
P62DR
P61DR
P60DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
P6DR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port 6 pins (P67 to P60).
P6DR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port 6 Register (PORT6)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P67
—*
P66
—*
P65
—*
P64
—*
P63
—*
P62
—*
P61
—*
P60
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins P67 to P60.
PORT6 is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port 6 pins (P67 to P60) must always be performed on P6DR.
If a port 6 read is performed while P6DDR bits are set to 1, the P6DR values are read. If a port 6
read is performed while P6DDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORT6 contents are determined by the pin states, as
P6DDR and P6DR are initialized. PORT6 retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 390 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Function Control Register 2 (PFCR2)
Bit
:
7
6
5
WAITPS BREQOPS CS167E
Initial value :
R/W
:
4
3
2
1
0
CS25E
ASOD
—
—
—
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
PFCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs I/O port control. PFCR2 is initialized to
H'30 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—WAIT Pin Select (WAITPS): Selects the WAIT input pin. For details, see section 9.6,
Port 5.
Bit 6—BREQO Pin Select (BREQOPS): Selects the BREQO output pin. For details, see section
9.6, Port 5.
Bit 5—CS167 Enable (CS167E): Enables or disables CS1, CS6, and CS7 output. Clear the DDR
bits to 0 before changing the CS167E bit setting.
Bit 5
CS167E
Description
0
CS1, CS6, and CS7 output disabled (can be used as I/O ports)
1
CS1, CS6, and CS7 output enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 4—CS25 Enable (CS25E): Enables or disables CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output. Clear the
DDR bits to 0 before changing the CS25E bit setting.
Bit 4
CS25E
Description
0
CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output disabled (can be used as I/O ports)
1
CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 3—As Output Disable (ASOD): Enables or disables AS output. For details, see section 9.13,
Port F.
Bits 2 to 0—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 391 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.7.3
Pin Functions
Port 6 pins also function as interrupt input pins (IRQ0 to IRQ3), DMAC I/O pins (DREQ0, TEND0,
DREQ1, and TEND1)*, and bus control output pins (CS4 to CS7). Port 6 pin functions are shown in
table 9.12.
Table 9.12 Port 6 Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P67/IRQ3/CS7
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bits P67DDR and CS167E.
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
P67DDR
0
CS167E
—
Pin function
Mode 7
1
0
P67 input
pin
1
P67 output CS7 output
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
P67 input
pin
P67 output
pin
IRQ3 interrupt input pin
P66/IRQ2/CS6
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bits P66DDR and CS167E.
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
P66DDR
0
CS167E
—
Pin function
Mode 7
1
0
P66 input
pin
1
P66 output CS6 output
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
P66 input
pin
P66 output
pin
IRQ2 interrupt input pin
P65/IRQ1
The pin function is switched as shown below according to bit P65DDR.
P65DDR
Pin function
0
1
P65 input pin
P65 output pin
IRQ1 interrupt input pin
P64/IRQ0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to bit P64DDR.
P64DDR
Pin function
0
1
P64 input pin
P64 output pin
IRQ0 interrupt input pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 392 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
P63/TEND1*
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit TEE1* in the DMAC DMATCR, and bit P63DDR.
TEE1*
0
1
P63DDR
Pin function
P62/DREQ1*
0
1
—
P63 input pin
P63 output pin
TEND1 output*
The pin function is switched as shown below according to bit P62DDR.
P62DDR
0
Pin function
1
P62 input pin
P62 output pin
DREQ1 input*
P61/TEND0*/CS5
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bit TEE0* in the DMAC DMATCR, and bits P61DDR and CS25E.
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
TEE0*
P60/DREQ0*/CS4
0
P61DDR
0
CS25E
—
0
P61
input
pin
P61
output
pin
Pin function
Mode 7
1
1
1
0
1
—
0
1
—
—
—
—
—
CS5
TEND0
output output*
pin
P61
TEND0
output output*
pin
P61
input
pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
bits P60DDR and CS25E.
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
P60DDR
0
CS25E
—
Pin function
P60 input
pin
Mode 7
1
0
1
P60 output CS4 output
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
P60 input
pin
P60 output
pin
DREQ0 input*
Note: * The DMAC and the TEND1, DREQ1, TEND0, and DREQ0 pin functions are not supported in
the H8S/2321.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.8
Port A
9.8.1
Overview
Port A is an 8-bit I/O port. Port A pins also function as address bus outputs and interrupt input
pins (IRQ4 to IRQ7). The pin functions change according to the operating mode. IRQ4 to IRQ7
input can be switched to P50 to P53 by setting the IRQPAS bit in SYSCR to 1. The address output
or port output function can be selected by means of bits A23E to A20E in PFCR1.
Port A has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. Pins PA7 to
PA4 are Schmitt-triggered inputs.
Figure 9.7 shows the port A pin configuration.
Port A pins
Port A
Pin functions in modes 4 and 5
PA7 / A23 / IRQ7
PA7 (I/O) / A23 (output) / IRQ7 (input)
PA6 / A22 / IRQ6
PA6 (I/O) / A22 (output) / IRQ6 (input)
PA5 / A21 / IRQ5
PA5 (I/O) / A21 (output) / IRQ5 (input)
PA4 / A20 / IRQ4
PA4 (output) / A20 (output)
PA3 / A19
A19 (output)
PA2 / A18
A18 (output)
PA1 / A17
A17 (output)
PA0 / A16
A16 (output)
Pin functions in mode 6
Pin functions in mode 7
PA7 (I/O) / A23 (output) / IRQ7 (input)
PA7 (I/O) / IRQ7 (input)
PA6 (I/O) / A22 (output) / IRQ6 (input)
PA6 (I/O) / IRQ6 (input)
PA5 (I/O) / A21 (output) / IRQ5 (input)
PA5 (I/O) / IRQ5 (input)
PA4 (I/O) / A20 (output) / IRQ4 (input)
PA4 (I/O) / IRQ4 (input)
PA3 (input) / A19 (output)
PA3 (I/O)
PA2 (input) / A18 (output)
PA2 (I/O)
PA1 (input) / A17 (output)
PA1 (I/O)
PA0 (input) / A16 (output)
PA0 (I/O)
Figure 9.7 Port A Pin Functions
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.8.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.13 shows the port A register configuration.
Table 9.13 Port A Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port A data direction register
PADDR
W
H'00
H'FEB9
Port A data register
PADR
R/W
H'00
H'FF69
Port A register
PORTA
R
Undefined
H'FF59
Port A MOS pull-up control register
PAPCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF70
Port A open drain control register
PAODR
R/W
H'00
H'FF77
Port function control register 1
PFCR1
R/W
H'0F
H'FF45
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port A Data Direction Register (PADDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PA7DDR PA6DDR PA5DDR PA4DDR PA3DDR PA2DDR PA1DDR PA0DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
PADDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port A. PADDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PADDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode. The OPE bit in SBYCR is used to select whether the address output pins
retain their output state or become high-impedance when a transition is made to software standby
mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port A Data Register (PADR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PA7DR
PA6DR
PA5DR
PA4DR
PA3DR
PA2DR
PA1DR
PA0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PADR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port A pins (PA7 to
PA0).
PADR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port A Register (PORTA)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PA7
—*
PA6
—*
PA5
—*
PA4
—*
PA3
—*
PA2
—*
PA1
—*
PA0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PA7 to PA0.
PORTA is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port A pins (PA7 to PA0) must always be performed on PADR.
If a port A read is performed while PADDR bits are set to 1, the PADR values are read. If a port A
read is performed while PADDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTA contents are determined by the pin states, as
PADDR and PADR are initialized. PORTA retains its prior state in software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port A MOS Pull-Up Control Register (PAPCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PA7PCR PA6PCR PA5PCR PA4PCR PA3PCR PA2PCR PA1PCR PA0PCR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PAPCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the MOS input pull-up function
incorporated into port A on an individual bit basis.
All the bits are valid in modes 6 and 7, and bits 7 to 5 are valid in modes 4 and 5. When a PADDR
bit is cleared to 0 (input port setting), setting the corresponding PAPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS
input pull-up for the corresponding pin.
PAPCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port A Open Drain Control Register (PAODR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PA7ODR PA6ODR PA5ODR PA4ODR PA3ODR PA2ODR PA1ODR PA0ODR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PAODR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls whether PMOS is on or off for each
port A pin (PA7 to PA0).
PAODR is valid only in mode 7. Do not set PAODR bits to 1 in modes 4 to 6.
Setting a PAODR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port A pin an NMOS open-drain output, while
clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin a CMOS output.
PAODR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Function Control Register 1 (PFCR1)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
A23E
A22E
A21E
A20E
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PFCR1 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs I/O port control. PFCR1 is initialized to
H'0F by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: Only 0 should be written to these bits.
Bit 3—Address 23 Enable (A23E): Enables or disables address output 23 (A23). This bit is valid
in modes 4 to 6.
Bit 3
A23E
Description
0
DR is output when PA7DDR = 1
1
A23 is output when PA7DDR = 1
(Initial value)
Bit 2—Address 22 Enable (A22E): Enables or disables address output 22 (A22). This bit is valid
in modes 4 to 6.
Bit 2
A22E
Description
0
DR is output when PA6DDR = 1
1
A22 is output when PA6DDR = 1
(Initial value)
Bit 1—Address 21 Enable (A21E): Enables or disables address output 21 (A21). This bit is valid
in modes 4 to 6.
Bit 1
A21E
Description
0
DR is output when PA5DDR = 1
1
A21 is output when PA5DDR = 1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 398 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(Initial value)
Section 9 I/O Ports
Bit 0—Address 20 Enable (A20E): Enables or disables address output 20 (A20). This bit is valid
in modes 4 to 6.
Bit 0
A20E
Description
0
DR is output when PA4DDR = 1
1
A20 is output when PA4DDR = 1
(Initial value)
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
:
2
1
0
LWROD IRQPAS
RAME
Bit 7—Reserved: Only 0 should be written to this bit.
Bit 6—Reserved: This bit is always read as 0, and cannot be modified.
Bits 5 and 4—Interrupt Control Mode 1 and 0 (INTM1, INTM0): These bits select either of
two interrupt control modes for the interrupt controller. For details of the interrupt control modes,
see section 5.4.1, Interrupt Control Modes and Interrupt Operation.
Bit 5
INTM1
Bit 4
INTM0
Interrupt
Control Mode
Description
0
0
0
Interrupt control by I bit
1
—
Setting prohibited
1
0
2
Interrupt control by bits I2 to I0
1
—
Setting prohibited
(Initial value)
Bit 3—NMI Edge Select (NMIEG): Selects the input edge for the NMI pin.
Bit 3
NMIEG
Description
0
Interrupt requested at falling edge of NMI input
1
Interrupt requested at rising edge of NMI input
(Initial value)
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Bit 2—LWR Output Disable (LWROD): Enables or disables LWR output.
Bit 2
LWROD
Description
0
PF3 is designated as LWR output pin
1
PF3 is designated as I/O port, and does not function as LWR output pin
(Initial value)
Bit 1—IRQ Port Switching Select (IRQPAS): Selects switching of input pins for IRQ4 to IRQ7.
IRQ4 to IRQ7 input is always performed from one of the ports.
Bit 1
IRQPAS
Description
0
PA4 to PA7 used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
1
P50 to P53 used for IRQ4 to IRQ7 input
(Initial value)
Bit 0—RAM Enable (RAME): Enables or disables on-chip RAM. The RAME bit is initialized
when the reset state is released. It is not initialized in software standby mode.
Bit 0
RAME
Description
0
On-chip RAM disabled
1
On-chip RAM enabled
9.8.3
(Initial value)
Pin Functions
Port A pins function as address outputs, interrupt input pins (IRQ4 to IRQ7), and I/O ports. Port A
pin functions are shown in table 9.14.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Table 9.14 Port A Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PA7/A23/IRQ7
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bits A23E and PA7DDR.
Operating
mode
Modes 4 to 6
A23E
PA7DDR
Pin function
0
0
Mode 7
1
1
0
—
1
0
1
PA7
PA7
PA7
A23
PA7
input pin output pin input pin output pin input pin
PA7
output
2
pin*
IRQ7 interrupt input pin*
1
Notes: 1. IRQ7 input when IRQPAS = 0.
2. NMOS open-drain output when PA7ODR = 1.
PA6/A22/IRQ6
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bits A22E and PA6DDR.
Operating
mode
Modes 4 to 6
A22E
PA6DDR
Pin function
0
0
Mode 7
1
1
0
—
1
0
1
PA6
PA6
PA6
A22
PA6
input pin output pin input pin output pin input pin
PA6
output
2
pin*
IRQ6 interrupt input pin*
1
Notes: 1. IRQ6 input when IRQPAS = 0.
2. NMOS open-drain output when PA6ODR = 1.
PA5/A21/IRQ5
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bits A21E and PA5DDR.
Operating
mode
Modes 4 to 6
A21E
PA5DDR
Pin function
0
0
Mode 7
1
1
0
—
1
0
PA5
PA5
PA5
A21
PA5
input pin output pin input pin output pin input pin
1
PA5
output
2
pin*
IRQ5 interrupt input pin*
1
Notes: 1. IRQ5 input when IRQPAS = 0.
2. NMOS open-drain output when PA5ODR = 1.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PA4/A20/IRQ4
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bits A20E and PA4DDR.
Operating
mode
Modes 4 and 5
A20E
0
PA4DDR
0
Mode 6
1
1
Mode 7
0
—
0
1
1
—
0
1
0
1
A20
PA4
PA4 PA4
A20
PA4 PA4
Pin function Setting PA4
pro- output output input output input output input output
2
hibited pin
pin
pin
pin
pin
pin
pin pin*
1
IRQ4 interrupt input pin*
Notes: 1. IRQ4 input when IRQPAS = 0. Note that in this state in modes 4
and 5, although the pin designation is output-only, IRQ4 input is
also performed.
2. NMOS open-drain output when PA4ODR = 1.
PA3/A19
PA2/A18
PA1/A17
PA0/A16
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bit PAnDDR.
Operating
mode
Modes
4 and 5
1
PAnDDR*
—
Pin function Am output
1
pin*
Mode 6
Mode 7
0
1
0
1
PAn
1
input pin*
Am output
1
pin*
PAn
1
input pin*
PAn
output
1 2
pin* *
Notes: 1. n = 0 to 3, m = 16 to 19
2. PAn output is NMOS open-drain output when PAnODR = 1.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.8.4
MOS Input Pull-Up Function
Port A has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. This MOS
input pull-up function can be used by pins PA7 to PA5 in modes 4 and 5, and by all pins in modes
6 and 7. MOS input pull-up can be specified as on or off on an individual bit basis.
When a PADDR bit is cleared to 0, setting the corresponding PAPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS
input pull-up for that pin.
The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
The prior state is retained in software standby mode.
Table 9.15 summarizes the MOS input pull-up states.
Table 9.15 MOS Input Pull-Up States (Port A)
Modes
Reset
Hardware
Standby Mode
Software
Standby Mode
In Other
Operations
Off
Off
On/off
On/off
6, 7
PA7 to PA0
4, 5
PA7 to PA5
On/off
On/off
PA4 to PA0
Off
Off
Legend:
Off:
MOS input pull-up is always off.
On/off: On when PADDR = 0 and PAPCR = 1; otherwise off.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.9
Port B
9.9.1
Overview
Port B is an 8-bit I/O port. Port B has an address bus output function, and the pin functions change
according to the operating mode.
Port B has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software.
Figure 9.8 shows the port B pin configuration.
Port B pins
Port B
Pin functions in modes 4 and 5
PB7 / A15
A15 (output)
PB6 / A14
A14 (output)
PB5 / A13
A13 (output)
PB4 / A12
A12 (output)
PB3 / A11
A11 (output)
PB2 / A10
A10 (output)
PB1 / A9
A9 (output)
PB0 / A8
A8 (output)
Pin functions in mode 6
Pin functions in mode 7
PB7 (input) / A15 (output)
PB7 (I/O)
PB6 (input) / A14 (output)
PB6 (I/O)
PB5 (input) / A13 (output)
PB5 (I/O)
PB4 (input) / A12 (output)
PB4 (I/O)
PB3 (input) / A11 (output)
PB3 (I/O)
PB2 (input) / A10 (output)
PB2 (I/O)
PB1 (input) / A9 (output)
PB1 (I/O)
PB0 (input) / A8 (output)
PB0 (I/O)
Figure 9.8 Port B Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 404 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.9.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.16 shows the port B register configuration.
Table 9.16 Port B Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port B data direction register
PBDDR
W
H'00
H'FEBA
Port B data register
PBDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6A
Port B register
PORTB
R
Undefined
H'FF5A
Port B MOS pull-up control register
PBPCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF71
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port B Data Direction Register (PBDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PB7DDR PB6DDR PB5DDR PB4DDR PB3DDR PB2DDR PB1DDR PB0DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
PBDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port B. PBDDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PBDDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode. The OPE bit in SBYCR is used to select whether the address output pins
retain their output state or become high-impedance when a transition is made to software standby
mode.
• Modes 4 and 5
The corresponding port B pins are address outputs irrespective of the value of the PBDDR bits.
• Mode 6
Setting a PBDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port B pin an address output, while
clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
• Mode 7
Setting a PBDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port B pin an output port, while clearing
the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port B Data Register (PBDR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PB7DR
PB6DR
PB5DR
PB4DR
PB3DR
PB2DR
PB1DR
PB0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PBDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port B pins (PB7 to PB0).
PBDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port B Register (PORTB)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PB7
—*
PB6
—*
PB5
—*
PB4
—*
PB3
—*
PB2
—*
PB1
—*
PB0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PB7 to PB0.
PORTB is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port B pins (PB7 to PB0) must always be performed on PBDR.
If a port B read is performed while PBDDR bits are set to 1, the PBDR values are read. If a port B
read is performed while PBDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTB contents are determined by the pin states, as
PBDDR and PBDR are initialized. PORTB retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 406 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port B MOS Pull-Up Control Register (PBPCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PB7PCR PB6PCR PB5PCR PB4PCR PB3PCR PB2PCR PB1PCR PB0PCR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PBPCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the MOS input pull-up function
incorporated into port B on an individual bit basis.
When a PBDDR bit is cleared to 0 (input port setting) in mode 6 or 7, setting the corresponding
PBPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up for the corresponding pin.
PBPCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
9.9.3
Pin Functions
Modes 4 and 5: In modes 4 and 5, port B pins are automatically designated as address outputs.
Port B pin functions in modes 4 and 5 are shown in figure 9.9.
A15 (output)
A14 (output)
A13 (output)
Port B
A12 (output)
A11 (output)
A10 (output)
A9 (output)
A8 (output)
Figure 9.9 Port B Pin Functions (Modes 4 and 5)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 407 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Mode 6: In mode 6, port B pins function as address outputs or input ports. Input or output can be
specified on an individual bit basis. Setting a PBDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port B pin
an address output, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port B pin functions in mode 6 are shown in figure 9.10.
Port B
When PBDDR = 1
When PBDDR = 0
A15 (output)
PB7 (input)
A14 (output)
PB6 (input)
A13 (output)
PB5 (input)
A12 (output)
PB4 (input)
A11 (output)
PB3 (input)
A10 (output)
PB2 (input)
A9 (output)
PB1 (input)
A8 (output)
PB0 (input)
Figure 9.10 Port B Pin Functions (Mode 6)
Mode 7: In mode 7, port B pins function as I/O ports. Input or output can be specified for each pin
on an individual bit basis. Setting a PBDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port B pin an output
port, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port B pin functions in mode 7 are shown in figure 9.11.
Port B
When PBDDR = 1
When PBDDR = 0
A15 (output)
PB7 (input)
A14 (output)
PB6 (input)
A13 (output)
PB5 (input)
A12 (output)
PB4 (input)
A11 (output)
PB3 (input)
A10 (output)
PB2 (input)
A9 (output)
PB1 (input)
A8 (output)
PB0 (input)
Figure 9.11 Port B Pin Functions (Mode 7)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 408 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.9.4
MOS Input Pull-Up Function
Port B has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. This MOS
input pull-up function can be used in modes 6 and 7, and can be specified as on or off on an
individual bit basis.
When a PBDDR bit is cleared to 0 in mode 6 or 7, setting the corresponding PBPCR bit to 1 turns
on the MOS input pull-up for that pin.
The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
The prior state is retained in software standby mode.
Table 9.17 summarizes the MOS input pull-up states.
Table 9.17 MOS Input Pull-Up States (Port B)
Modes
Reset
Hardware
Standby Mode
Software
Standby Mode
In Other
Operations
4, 5
Off
Off
Off
Off
On/off
On/off
6, 7
Legend:
Off:
MOS input pull-up is always off.
On/off: On when PBDDR = 0 and PBPCR = 1; otherwise off.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 409 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.10
Port C
9.10.1
Overview
Port C is an 8-bit I/O port. Port C has an address bus output function, and the pin functions change
according to the operating mode.
Port C has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software.
Figure 9.12 shows the port C pin configuration.
Port C
Port C pins
Pin functions in modes 4 and 5
PC7 / A7
A7 (output)
PC6 / A6
A6 (output)
PC5 / A5
A5 (output)
PC4 / A4
A4 (output)
PC3 / A3
A3 (output)
PC2 / A2
A2 (output)
PC1 / A1
A1 (output)
PC0 / A0
A0 (output)
Pin functions in mode 6
Pin functions in mode 7
PC7 (input) / A7 (output)
PC7 (I/O)
PC6 (input) / A6 (output)
PC6 (I/O)
PC5 (input) / A5 (output)
PC5 (I/O)
PC4 (input) / A4 (output)
PC4 (I/O)
PC3 (input) / A3 (output)
PC3 (I/O)
PC2 (input) / A2 (output)
PC2 (I/O)
PC1 (input) / A1 (output)
PC1 (I/O)
PC0 (input) / A0 (output)
PC0 (I/O)
Figure 9.12 Port C Pin Functions
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.10.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.18 shows the port C register configuration.
Table 9.18 Port C Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port C data direction register
PCDDR
W
H'00
H'FEBB
Port C data register
PCDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6B
Port C register
PORTC
R
Undefined
H'FF5B
Port C MOS pull-up control register
PCPCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF72
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port C Data Direction Register (PCDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PC7DDR PC6DDR PC5DDR PC4DDR PC3DDR PC2DDR PC1DDR PC0DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
PCDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port C. PCDDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PCDDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode. The OPE bit in SBYCR is used to select whether the address output pins
retain their output state or become high-impedance when a transition is made to software standby
mode.
• Modes 4 and 5
The corresponding port C pins are address outputs irrespective of the value of the PCDDR bits.
• Mode 6
Setting a PCDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port C pin an address output, while
clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
• Mode 7
Setting a PCDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port C pin an output port, while clearing
the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port C Data Register (PCDR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PC7DR
PC6DR
PC5DR
PC4DR
PC3DR
PC2DR
PC1DR
PC0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PCDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port C pins (PC7 to PC0).
PCDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port C Register (PORTC)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PC7
—*
PC6
—*
PC5
—*
PC4
—*
PC3
—*
PC2
—*
PC1
—*
PC0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PC7 to PC0.
PORTC is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port C pins (PC7 to PC0) must always be performed on PCDR.
If a port C read is performed while PCDDR bits are set to 1, the PCDR values are read. If a port C
read is performed while PCDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTC contents are determined by the pin states, as
PCDDR and PCDR are initialized. PORTC retains its prior state in software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port C MOS Pull-Up Control Register (PCPCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PC7PCR PC6PCR PC5PCR PC4PCR PC3PCR PC2PCR PC1PCR PC0PCR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PCPCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the MOS input pull-up function
incorporated into port C on an individual bit basis.
When a PCDDR bit is cleared to 0 (input port setting) in mode 6 or 7, setting the corresponding
PCPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up for the corresponding pin.
PCPCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
9.10.3
Pin Functions
Modes 4 and 5: In modes 4 and 5, port C pins are automatically designated as address outputs.
Port C pin functions in modes 4 and 5 are shown in figure 9.13.
A7 (output)
A6 (output)
A5 (output)
Port C
A4 (output)
A3 (output)
A2 (output)
A1 (output)
A0 (output)
Figure 9.13 Port C Pin Functions (Modes 4 and 5)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 413 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Mode 6: In mode 6, port C pins function as address outputs or input ports. Input or output can be
specified on an individual bit basis. Setting a PCDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port C pin
an address output, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port C pin functions in mode 6 are shown in figure 9.14.
Port C
When PCDDR = 1
When PCDDR = 0
A7 (output)
PC7 (input)
A6 (output)
PC6 (input)
A5 (output)
PC5 (input)
A4 (output)
PC4 (input)
A3 (output)
PC3 (input)
A2 (output)
PC2 (input)
A1 (output)
PC1 (input)
A0 (output)
PC0 (input)
Figure 9.14 Port C Pin Functions (Mode 6)
Mode 7: In mode 7, port C pins function as I/O ports. Input or output can be specified for each pin
on an individual bit basis. Setting a PCDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port C pin an output
port, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port C pin functions in mode 7 are shown in figure 9.15.
PC7 (I/O)
PC6 (I/O)
PC5 (I/O)
Port C
PC4 (I/O)
PC3 (I/O)
PC2 (I/O)
PC1 (I/O)
PC0 (I/O)
Figure 9.15 Port C Pin Functions (Mode 7)
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.10.4
MOS Input Pull-Up Function
Port C has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. This MOS
input pull-up function can be used in modes 6 and 7, and can be specified as on or off on an
individual bit basis.
When a PCDDR bit is cleared to 0 in mode 6 or 7, setting the corresponding PCPCR bit to 1 turns
on the MOS input pull-up for that pin.
The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
The prior state is retained in software standby mode.
Table 9.19 summarizes the MOS input pull-up states.
Table 9.19 MOS Input Pull-Up States (Port C)
Modes
Reset
Hardware
Standby Mode
Software
Standby Mode
In Other
Operations
4, 5
Off
Off
Off
Off
On/off
On/off
6, 7
Legend:
Off:
MOS input pull-up is always off.
On/off: On when PCDDR = 0 and PCPCR = 1; otherwise off.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.11
Port D
9.11.1
Overview
Port D is an 8-bit I/O port. Port D has a data bus I/O function, and the pin functions change
according to the operating mode.
Port D has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software.
Figure 9.16 shows the port D pin configuration.
Port D
Port D pins
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
PD7 / D15
D15 (I/O)
PD6 / D14
D14 (I/O)
PD5 / D13
D13 (I/O)
PD4 / D12
D12 (I/O)
PD3 / D11
D11 (I/O)
PD2 / D10
D10 (I/O)
PD1 / D9
D9 (I/O)
PD0 / D8
D8 (I/O)
Pin functions in mode 7
PD7 (I/O)
PD6 (I/O)
PD5 (I/O)
PD4 (I/O)
PD3 (I/O)
PD2 (I/O)
PD1 (I/O)
PD0 (I/O)
Figure 9.16 Port D Pin Functions
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.11.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.20 shows the port D register configuration.
Table 9.20 Port D Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port D data direction register
PDDDR
W
H'00
H'FEBC
Port D data register
PDDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6C
Port D register
PORTD
R
Undefined
H'FF5C
Port D MOS pull-up control register
PDPCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF73
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port D Data Direction Register (PDDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PD7DDR PD6DDR PD5DDR PD4DDR PD3DDR PD2DDR PD1DDR PD0DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
PDDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port D. PDDDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PDDDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
•
Modes 4 to 6
The input/output direction specification by PDDDR is ignored, and port D is automatically
designated for data I/O.
•
Mode 7
Setting a PDDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port D pin an output port, while clearing
the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port D Data Register (PDDR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PD7DR
PD6DR
PD5DR
PD4DR
PD3DR
PD2DR
PD1DR
PD0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PDDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port D pins (PD7 to
PD0).
PDDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port D Register (PORTD)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PD7
—*
PD6
—*
PD5
—*
PD4
—*
PD3
—*
PD2
—*
PD1
—*
PD0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PD7 to PD0.
PORTD is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port D pins (PD7 to PD0) must always be performed on PDDR.
If a port D read is performed while PDDDR bits are set to 1, the PDDR values are read. If a port D
read is performed while PDDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTD contents are determined by the pin states, as
PDDDR and PDDR are initialized. PORTD retains its prior state in software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port D MOS Pull-Up Control Register (PDPCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PD7PCR PD6PCR PD5PCR PD4PCR PD3PCR PD2PCR PD1PCR PD0PCR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PDPCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the MOS input pull-up function
incorporated into port D on an individual bit basis.
When a PDDDR bit is cleared to 0 (input port setting) in mode 7, setting the corresponding
PDPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up for the corresponding pin.
PDPCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.11.3
Pin Functions
Modes 4 to 6: In modes 4 to 6, port D pins are automatically designated as data I/O pins.
Port D pin functions in modes 4 to 6 are shown in figure 9.17.
D15 (I/O)
D14 (I/O)
D13 (I/O)
Port D
D12 (I/O)
D11 (I/O)
D10 (I/O)
D9 (I/O)
D8 (I/O)
Figure 9.17 Port D Pin Functions (Modes 4 to 6)
Mode 7: In mode 7, port D pins function as I/O ports. Input or output can be specified for each pin
on an individual bit basis. Setting a PDDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port D pin an output
port, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port D pin functions in mode 7 are shown in figure 9.18.
PD7 (I/O)
PD6 (I/O)
PD5 (I/O)
Port D
PD4 (I/O)
PD3 (I/O)
PD2 (I/O)
PD1 (I/O)
PD0 (I/O)
Figure 9.18 Port D Pin Functions (Mode 7)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 420 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.11.4
MOS Input Pull-Up Function
Port D has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. This MOS
input pull-up function can be used in mode 7, and can be specified as on or off on an individual bit
basis.
When a PDDDR bit is cleared to 0 in mode 7, setting the corresponding PDPCR bit to 1 turns on
the MOS input pull-up for that pin.
The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
The prior state is retained in software standby mode.
Table 9.21 summarizes the MOS input pull-up states.
Table 9.21 MOS Input Pull-Up States (Port D)
Modes
Reset
Hardware
Standby Mode
Software
Standby Mode
In Other
Operations
4 to 6
Off
Off
Off
Off
On/off
On/off
7
Legend:
Off:
MOS input pull-up is always off.
On/off: On when PDDDR = 0 and PDPCR = 1; otherwise off.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.12
Port E
9.12.1
Overview
Port E is an 8-bit I/O port. Port E has a data bus I/O function, and the pin functions change
according to the operating mode and whether 8-bit or 16-bit bus mode is selected.
Port E has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software.
Figure 9.19 shows the port E pin configuration.
Port E
Port E pins
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
PE7 / D7
PE7 (I/O) / D7 (I/O)
PE6 / D6
PE6 (I/O) / D6 (I/O)
PE5 / D5
PE5 (I/O) / D5 (I/O)
PE4 / D4
PE4 (I/O) / D4 (I/O)
PE3 / D3
PE3 (I/O) / D3 (I/O)
PE2 / D2
PE2 (I/O) / D2 (I/O)
PE1 / D1
PE1 (I/O) / D1 (I/O)
PE0 / D0
PE0 (I/O) / D0 (I/O)
Pin functions in mode 7
PE7 (I/O)
PE6 (I/O)
PE5 (I/O)
PE4 (I/O)
PE3 (I/O)
PE2 (I/O)
PE1 (I/O)
PE0 (I/O)
Figure 9.19 Port E Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 422 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.12.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.22 shows the port E register configuration.
Table 9.22 Port E Registers
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Port E data direction register
PEDDR
W
H'00
H'FEBD
Port E data register
PEDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6D
Port E register
PORTE
R
Undefined
H'FF5D
Port E MOS pull-up control register
PEPCR
R/W
H'00
H'FF74
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
Port E Data Direction Register (PEDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PE7DDR PE6DDR PE5DDR PE4DDR PE3DDR PE2DDR PE1DDR PE0DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
PEDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port E. PEDDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PEDDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
•
Modes 4 to 6
When 8-bit bus mode has been selected, port E pins function as I/O ports. Setting a PEDDR bit
to 1 makes the corresponding port E pin an output port, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the
pin an input port.
When 16-bit bus mode has been selected, the input/output direction specification by PEDDR is
ignored, and port E is designated for data I/O.
For details of 8-bit and 16-bit bus modes, see section 6, Bus Controller.
•
Mode 7
Setting a PEDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port E pin an output port, while clearing the
bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 423 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port E Data Register (PEDR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PE7DR
PE6DR
PE5DR
PE4DR
PE3DR
PE2DR
PE1DR
PE0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PEDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port E pins (PE7 to PE0).
PEDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port E Register (PORTE)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PE7
—*
PE6
—*
PE5
—*
PE4
—*
PE3
—*
PE2
—*
PE1
—*
PE0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PE7 to PE0.
PORTE is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port E pins (PE7 to PE0) must always be performed on PEDR.
If a port E read is performed while PEDDR bits are set to 1, the PEDR values are read. If a port E
read is performed while PEDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTE contents are determined by the pin states, as
PEDDR and PEDR are initialized. PORTE retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 424 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port E MOS Pull-Up Control Register (PEPCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PE7PCR PE6PCR PE5PCR PE4PCR PE3PCR PE2PCR PE1PCR PE0PCR
Initial value :
R/W
:
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PEPCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the MOS input pull-up function
incorporated into port E on an individual bit basis.
When a PEDDR bit is cleared to 0 (input port setting) in mode 4, 5, or 6 with 8-bit bus mode
selected, or in mode 7, setting the corresponding PEPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up
for the corresponding pin.
PEPCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
9.12.3
Pin Functions
Modes 4 to 6: In modes 4 to 6, when 8-bit access is designated and 8-bit bus mode is selected,
port E pins are automatically designated as I/O ports. Setting a PEDDR bit to 1 makes the
corresponding port E pin an output port, while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
When 16-bit bus mode is selected, the input/output direction specification by PEDDR is ignored,
and port E is designated for data I/O.
Port E pin functions in modes 4 to 6 are shown in figure 9.20.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 425 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port E
8-bit bus mode
16-bit bus mode
PE7 (I/O)
D7 (I/O)
PE6 (I/O)
D6 (I/O)
PE5 (I/O)
D5 (I/O)
PE4 (I/O)
D4 (I/O)
PE3 (I/O)
D3 (I/O)
PE2 (I/O)
D2 (I/O)
PE1 (I/O)
D1 (I/O)
PE0 (I/O)
D0 (I/O)
Figure 9.20 Port E Pin Functions (Modes 4 to 6)
Mode 7: In mode 7, port E pins function as I/O ports. Input or output can be specified for each pin
on a bit-by-bit basis. Setting a PEDDR bit to 1 makes the corresponding port E pin an output port,
while clearing the bit to 0 makes the pin an input port.
Port E pin functions in mode 7 are shown in figure 9.21.
PE7 (I/O)
PE6 (I/O)
PE5 (I/O)
Port E
PE4 (I/O)
PE3 (I/O)
PE2 (I/O)
PE1 (I/O)
PE0 (I/O)
Figure 9.21 Port E Pin Functions (Mode 7)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 426 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.12.4
MOS Input Pull-Up Function
Port E has a built-in MOS input pull-up function that can be controlled by software. This MOS
input pull-up function can be used in modes 4 to 6 when 8-bit bus mode is selected, or in mode 7,
and can be specified as on or off on an individual bit basis.
When a PEDDR bit is cleared to 0 in mode 4, 5, or 6 when 8-bit bus mode is selected, or in mode
7, setting the corresponding PEPCR bit to 1 turns on the MOS input pull-up for that pin.
The MOS input pull-up function is in the off state after a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
The prior state is retained in software standby mode.
Table 9.23 summarizes the MOS input pull-up states.
Table 9.23 MOS Input Pull-Up States (Port E)
Modes
Reset
Hardware
Standby Mode
Software
Standby Mode
In Other
Operations
7
Off
Off
On/off
On/off
Off
Off
4 to 6
8-bit bus
16-bit bus
Legend:
Off:
MOS input pull-up is always off.
On/off: On when PEDDR = 0 and PEPCR = 1; otherwise off.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 427 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.13
Port F
9.13.1
Overview
Port F is an 8-bit I/O port. Port F pins also function as bus control signal input/output pins (AS,
RD, HWR, LWR, LCAS*, WAIT, BREQO, BREQ, and BACK) and the system clock (φ) output
pin. The AS, LWR, and BREQO output pins can be switched by means of settings in PFCR2 and
SYSCR.
Figure 9.22 shows the port F pin configuration.
Note: * LCAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Port F
Port F pins
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
PF7 / φ
PF7 (input) / φ (output)
PF6 / AS
PF6 (I/O) / AS (output)
PF5 / RD
RD (output)
PF4 / HWR
HWR (output)
PF3 / LWR
PF3 (I/O) / LWR (output)
PF2 / LCAS * / WAIT / BREQO
PF2 (I/O) / LCAS * (output) / WAIT (input) / BREQO (output)
PF1 / BACK
PF1 (I/O) / BACK (output)
PF0 / BREQ
PF0 (I/O) / BREQ (input)
Pin functions in mode 7
PF7 (input) / φ (output)
PF6 (I/O)
PF5 (I/O)
PF4 (I/O)
PF3 (I/O)
PF2 (I/O)
PF1 (I/O)
PF0 (I/O)
Note: * LCAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 9.22 Port F Pin Functions
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.13.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.24 shows the port F register configuration.
Table 9.24 Port F Registers
1
Address*
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Port F data direction register
PFDDR
W
H'80/H'00*
H'FEBE
Port F data register
PFDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6E
Port F register
PORTF
R
Undefined
H'FF5E
2
Port function control register 2
PFCR2
R/W
H'30
H'FFAC
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Initial value depends on the mode.
Port F Data Direction Register (PFDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PF7DDR PF6DDR PF5DDR PF4DDR PF3DDR PF2DDR PF1DDR PF0DDR
Modes 4 to 6
Initial value :
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
:
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
Mode 7
:
PFDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port F. PFDDR cannot be read; if it is, an undefined value will be read.
PFDDR is initialized by a reset, and in hardware standby mode, to H'80 in modes 4 to 6, and to
H'00 in mode 7. It retains its prior state in software standby mode. The OPE bit in SBYCR is used
to select whether the bus control output pins retain their output state or become high-impedance
when a transition is made to software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port F Data Register (PFDR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PF7DR
PF6DR
PF5DR
PF4DR
PF3DR
PF2DR
PF1DR
PF0DR
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PFDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port F pins (PF7 to PF0).
PFDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its prior state in
software standby mode.
Port F Register (PORTF)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PF7
—*
PF6
—*
PF5
—*
PF4
—*
PF3
—*
PF2
—*
PF1
—*
PF0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Note: * Determined by state of pins PF7 to PF0.
PORTF is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port F pins (PF7 to PF0) must always be performed on PFDR.
If a port F read is performed while PFDDR bits are set to 1, the PFDR values are read. If a port F
read is performed while PFDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTF contents are determined by the pin states, as
PFDDR and PFDR are initialized. PORTF retains its prior state in software standby mode.
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Function Control Register 2 (PFCR2)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WAITPS
BREQOPS
CS167E
CS25E
ASOD
—
—
—
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
PFCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs I/O port control. PFCR2 is initialized to
H'30 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—WAIT Pin Select (WAITPS): Selects the WAIT input pin. Set the WAITPS bit before
setting the DDR bit clear to 0 and the WAITE bit in BCRL to 1.
Bit 7
WAITPS
Description
0
WAIT input is pin PF2
1
WAIT input is pin P53
(Initial value)
Bit 6—BREQO Pin Select (BREQOPS): Selects the BREQO output pin. Set the BREQOPS bit
before setting the BREQOE bit in BCRL to 1.
Bit 6
BREQOPS
Description
0
BREQO output is pin PF2
1
BREQO output is pin P53
(Initial value)
Bit 5—CS167 Enable (CS167E): Enables or disables CS1, CS6, and CS7 output. For details, see
section 9.7, Port 6, and section 9.14, Port G.
Bit 4—CS25 Enable (CS25E): Enables or disables CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output. For details,
see section 9.7, Port 6, and section 9.14, Port G.
Bit 3—AS Output Disable (ASOD): Enables or disables AS output. This bit is valid in modes 4
to 6.
Bit 3
ASOD
Description
0
PF6 is used as AS output pin
1
PF6 is designated as I/O port, and does not function as AS output pin
(Initial value)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 431 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Bits 2 to 0—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0.
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
LWROE IRQPAS
RAME
SYSCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the interrupt control mode, controls the
LWR pin, switches the IRQ4 to IRQ7 input pins, and selects the detected edge for NMI. SYSCR is
initialized to H'01 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in software
standby mode.
Bits 5 and 4—Interrupt Control Mode 1 and 0 (INTM1, INTM0): These bits select either of
two interrupt control modes for the interrupt controller. For details, see section 5, Interrupt
Controller.
Bit 3—NMI Edge Select (NMIEG): Selects the input edge for the NMI pin. For details, see
section 5, Interrupt Controller.
Bit 2—LWR Output Disable (LWROD): Enables or disables LWR output. This bit is valid in
modes 4 to 6.
Bit 2
LWROD
Description
0
PF3 is designated as LWR output pin
1
PF3 is designated as I/O port, and does not function as LWR output pin
(Initial value)
Bit 1—IRQ Port Switching Select (IRQPAS): Selects switching of input pins for IRQ4 to IRQ7.
For details, see section 9.6, Port 5.
Bit 0—RAM Enable (RAME): Enables or disables on-chip RAM. For details, see section 18,
RAM.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 432 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.13.3
Pin Functions
Port F pins also function as bus control signal input/output pins (AS, RD, HWR, LWR, LCAS*,
WAIT, BREQO, BREQ, and BACK) and the system clock (φ) output pin. The pin functions differ
between modes 4 to 6, and mode 7. Port F pin functions are shown in table 9.25.
Note: * The LCAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Table 9.25 Port F Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PF7/φ
The pin function is switched as shown below according to bit PF7DDR.
PF7DDR
Pin function
PF6/AS
0
1
PF7 input pin
φ output pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode,
bit PF6DDR, and bit ASOD in PFCR2.
Operating
Mode
ASOD
PF6DDR
Pin function
PF5/RD
0
Mode 7
1
—
—
0
1
0
1
AS output
pin
PF6 input
pin
PF6 output
pin
PF6 input
pin
PF6 output
pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bit PF5DDR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
PF5DDR
—
0
1
RD output pin
PF5 input pin
PF5 output pin
Pin function
PF4/HWR
Modes 4 to 6
Mode 7
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bit PF4DDR.
Operating
Mode
PF4DDR
Pin function
Modes 4 to 6
Mode 7
—
0
1
HWR output pin
PF4 input pin
PF4 output pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 433 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PF3/LWR
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode,
bit PF3DDR, and bit LWROD in SYSCR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
LWROD
0
PF3DDR
Pin function
Mode 7
1
—
—
0
1
0
1
LWR
output pin
PF3
input pin
PF3
output pin
PF3
input pin
PF3
output pin
2
PF2/LCAS* /WAIT/ The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
2
BREQO
the operating mode, and bits RMTS2 to RMTS0* , BREQOE, WAITE, ABW5
to ABW2, BREQOPS, WAITPS, and PF2DDR.
Operating Mode
Modes 4 to 6
Mode 7
0
[DRAM space
1
—
—
—
—
—
2
setting] * ·
[16-bit access
setting]
[BREQOE ·
BREQOPS]
0
[WAITE ·
WAITPS]
PF2DDR
Pin function
1
0
1
0
1
0
PF2
input
pin
PF2
output
pin
WAIT
input
1
pin*
1
0
1
—
—
Setting BREQO Setting
prooutput
prohibited
pin
hibited
—
0
1
LCAS
output
2
pin*
PF2
input
pin
PF2
output
pin
Notes: 1. When DRAM space is designated for 8-bit access and PF2 is used
as the WAIT input, this pin can be used for WAIT input when all
areas selected as DRAM space are 8-bit space and normal space
other than DRAM space is 16-bit space.
2. The DRAM interface and LCAS are not supported in the H8S/2321.
PF1/BACK
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode, and bits BRLE and PF1DDR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
BRLE
PF1DDR
Pin function
0
Mode 7
1
—
0
1
—
0
1
PF1
input pin
PF1
output pin
BACK
output pin
PF1
input pin
PF1
output pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 434 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PF0/BREQ
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode, and bits BRLE and PF0DDR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
BRLE
0
PF0DDR
Pin function
9.14
Port G
9.14.1
Overview
Mode 7
1
—
0
1
—
0
1
PF0
input pin
PF0
output pin
BREQ
input pin
PF0
input pin
PF0
output pin
Port G is a 5-bit I/O port. Port G pins also function as bus control signal output pins (CS0 to CS3,
and CAS*). Enabling or disabling of CS1 to CS3 output can be changed by a setting in PFCR2.
Figure 9.23 shows the port G pin configuration.
Note: * CAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Port G
Port G pins
Pin functions in modes 4 to 6
Pin functions in mode 7
PG4 / CS0
PG4 (input) / CS0 (output)
PG4 (I/O)
PG3 / CS1
PG3 (I/O) / CS1 (output)
PG3 (I/O)
PG2 / CS2
PG2 (I/O) / CS2 (output)
PG2 (I/O)
PG1 / CS3
PG1 (I/O) / CS3 (output)
PG1 (I/O)
PG0 / CAS *
PG0 (I/O) / CAS * (output)
PG0 (I/O)
Note: * CAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 9.23 Port G Pin Functions
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 435 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.14.2
Register Configuration
Table 9.26 shows the port G register configuration.
Table 9.26 Port G Registers
2
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value*
Address*
Port G data direction register
PGDDR
W
H'10/H'00*
H'FEBF
Port G data register
PGDR
R/W
H'00
H'FF6F
Port G register
PORTG
R
Undefined
H'FF5F
Port function register 2
PFCR2
R/W
H'30
H'FFAC
3
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Value of bits 4 to 0.
3. Initial value depends on the mode.
Port G Data Direction Register (PGDDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
—
—
—
4
3
2
1
0
PG4DDR PG3DDR PG2DDR PG1DDR PG0DDR
Modes 4 and 5
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
:
—
—
—
Modes 6 and 7
:
—
—
—
PGDDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port G. PGDDR cannot be read, and bits 7 to 5 are reserved. If PGDDR is read, an
undefined value will be read.
The PG4DDR bit is initialized by a reset, and in hardware standby mode, to 1 in modes 4 and 5,
and to 0 in modes 6 and 7. PGDDR retains its prior state in software standby mode. The OPE bit
in SBYCR is used to select whether the bus control output pins retain their output state or become
high-impedance when a transition is made to software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 436 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port G Data Register (PGDR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
PG4DR
PG3DR
PG2DR
PG1DR
PG0DR
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
—
PGDR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that stores output data for the port G pins (PG4 to
PG0).
Bits 7 to 5 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
PGDR is initialized to H'00 (bits 4 to 0) by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. It retains its
prior state in software standby mode.
Port G Register (PORTG)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
PG4
—*
PG3
—*
PG2
—*
PG1
—*
PG0
—*
R
R
R
R
R
Initial value : Undefined Undefined Undefined
R/W
:
—
—
—
Note: * Determined by state of pins PG4 to PG0.
PORTG is an 8-bit read-only register that shows the pin states. It cannot be written to. Writing of
output data for the port G pins (PG4 to PG0) must always be performed on PGDR.
Bits 7 to 5 are reserved; they return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
If a port G read is performed while PGDDR bits are set to 1, the PGDR values are read. If a port G
read is performed while PGDDR bits are cleared to 0, the pin states are read.
After a reset and in hardware standby mode, PORTG contents are determined by the pin states, as
PGDDR and PGDR are initialized. PORTG retains its prior state in software standby mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 437 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Port Function Control Register 2 (PFCR2)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WAITPS
BREQOPS
CS167E
CS25E
ASOD
—
—
—
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R
R
PFCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs I/O port control. PFCR2 is initialized to
H'30 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—WAIT Pin Select (WAITPS): Selects the WAIT input pin. For details, see section 9.6,
Port 5.
Bit 6—BREQO Pin Select (BREQOPS): Selects the BREQO output pin. For details, see section
9.6, Port 5.
Bit 5—CS167 Enable (CS167E): Enables or disables CS1, CS6, and CS7 output. Change the
CS167E setting only when the DDR bits are cleared to 0.
Bit 5
CS167E
Description
0
CS1, CS6, and CS7 output disabled (can be used as I/O ports)
1
CS1, CS6, and CS7 output enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 4—CS25 Enable (CS25E): Enables or disables CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output. Change the
CS25E setting only when the DDR bits are cleared to 0.
Bit 4
CS25E
Description
0
CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output disabled (can be used as I/O ports)
1
CS2, CS3, CS4, and CS5 output enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 3—AS Output Disable (ASOD): Enables or disables AS output. For details, see section 9.13,
Port F.
Bits 2 to 0—Reserved: These bits are always read as 0.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 438 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
9.14.3
Pin Functions
Port G pins also function as bus control signal output pins (CS0 to CS3, and CAS*). The pin
functions are different in mode 7, and modes 4 to 6. Port G pin functions are shown in table 9.27.
Note: * The CAS is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Table 9.27 Port G Pin Functions
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PG4/CS0
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bit PG4DDR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
PG4DDR
Pin function
PG3/CS1
0
1
0
1
PG4 input pin CS0 output pin PG4 input pin PG4 output pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bits PG3DDR and CS167E.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
PG3DDR
0
CS167E
—
Pin function
PG2/CS2
Mode 7
Mode 7
1
0
1
PG3 input PG3 output CS1 output
pin
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
PG3 input PG3 output
pin
pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bits PG2DDR and CS25E.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
PG2DDR
0
CS25E
—
Pin function
Mode 7
1
0
1
PG2 input PG2 output CS2 output
pin
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
PG2 input PG2 output
pin
pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 439 of 1268
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Section 9 I/O Ports
Pin
Selection Method and Pin Functions
PG1/CS3
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the operating mode
and bits PG1DDR and CS25E.
Operating
Mode
PG1DDR
0
CS25E
—
Pin function
PG0/CAS*
Modes 4 to 6
Mode 7
1
0
1
PG1 input PG1 output CS3 output
pin
pin
pin
0
1
—
—
PG1 input PG1 output
pin
pin
The pin function is switched as shown below according to the combination of
the operating mode and bits RMTS2 to RMTS0* and PG0DDR.
Operating
Mode
Modes 4 to 6
Mode 7
RMTS2 to
RMTS0 *
B'000,
B'100 to B'111
PG0DDR
0
1
—
0
1
PG0
input
pin
PG0
output
pin
CAS
output
pin*
PG0
input
pin
PG0
output
pin
Pin function
B'001 to
B'011
—
Note: * The DRAM interface and CAS are not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 440 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.1
Overview
The chip has an on-chip 16-bit timer pulse unit (TPU) that comprises six 16-bit timer channels.
10.1.1
Features
• Maximum 16-pulse input/output
⎯ A total of 16 timer general registers (TGRs) are provided (four each for channels 0 and 3,
and two each for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5), each of which can be set independently as an
output compare/input capture register
⎯ TGRC and TGRD for channels 0 and 3 can also be used as buffer registers
• Selection of 8 counter input clocks for each channel
• The following operations can be set for each channel:
⎯ Waveform output at compare match: Selection of 0, 1, or toggle output
⎯ Input capture function: Selection of rising edge, falling edge, or both edge detection
⎯ Counter clear operation: Counter clearing possible by compare match or input capture
⎯ Synchronous operation: Multiple timer counters (TCNT) can be written to simultaneously
Simultaneous clearing by compare match and input capture possible
Register simultaneous input/output possible by counter synchronous operation
⎯ PWM mode: Any PWM output duty can be set
Maximum of 15-phase PWM output possible by combination with synchronous operation
• Buffer operation settable for channels 0 and 3
⎯ Input capture register double-buffering possible
⎯ Automatic rewriting of output compare register possible
• Phase counting mode settable independently for each of channels 1, 2, 4, and 5
⎯ Two-phase encoder pulse up/down-count possible
• Cascaded operation
⎯ Channel 2 (channel 5) input clock operates as 32-bit counter by setting channel 1 (channel
4) overflow/underflow
• Fast access via internal 16-bit bus
⎯ Fast access is possible via a 16-bit bus interface
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 441 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• 26 interrupt sources
⎯ For channels 0 and 3, four compare match/input capture dual-function interrupts and one
overflow interrupt can be requested independently
⎯ For channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, two compare match/input capture dual-function interrupts, one
overflow interrupt, and one underflow interrupt can be requested independently
• Automatic transfer of register data
⎯ Block transfer, 1-word data transfer, and 1-byte data transfer possible by data transfer
controller (DTC) or DMA controller (DMAC)* activation
• Programmable pulse generator (PPG) output trigger can be generated
⎯ Channel 0 to 3 compare match/input capture signals can be used as PPG output trigger
• A/D converter conversion start trigger can be generated
⎯ Channel 0 to 5 compare match A/input capture A signals can be used as A/D converter
conversion start trigger
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ As the initial setting, TPU operation is halted. Register access is enabled by exiting module
stop mode
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 442 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Table 10.1 lists the functions of the TPU.
Table 10.1 TPU Functions
Item
Channel 0 Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5
Count clock
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
TCLKA
TCLKB
TCLKC
TCLKD
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/256
TCLKA
TCLKB
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/1024
TCLKA
TCLKB
TCLKC
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/256
φ/1024
φ/4096
TCLKA
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/1024
TCLKA
TCLKC
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/256
TCLKA
TCLKC
TCLKD
General registers
TGR0A
TGR0B
TGR1A
TGR1B
TGR2A
TGR2B
TGR3A
TGR3B
TGR4A
TGR4B
TGR5A
TGR5B
General registers/
buffer registers
TGR0C
TGR0D
—
—
TGR3C
TGR3D
—
—
I/O pins
TIOCA0
TIOCB0
TIOCC0
TIOCD0
TIOCA1
TIOCB1
TIOCA2
TIOCB2
TIOCA3
TIOCB3
TIOCC3
TIOCD3
TIOCA4
TIOCB4
TIOCA5
TIOCB5
Counter clear
function
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
TGR
compare
match or
input
capture
—
—
Compare 0 output
match
1 output
output
Toggle
output
Input capture
function
Synchronous
operation
PWM mode
Phase counting
mode
Buffer operation
—
—
—
—
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 443 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Item
Channel 1
Channel 2
Channel 3
Channel 4
Channel 5
DMAC*
TGR0A
activation compare
match or
input capture
Channel 0
TGR1A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR2A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR3A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR4A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR5A
compare
match or
input capture
DTC
TGR
activation compare
match or
input capture
TGR
compare
match or
input capture
TGR
compare
match or
input capture
TGR
compare
match or
input capture
TGR
compare
match or
input capture
TGR
compare
match or
input capture
A/D conversion
start
trigger
TGR0A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR1A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR2A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR3A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR4A
compare
match or
input capture
TGR5A
compare
match or
input capture
PPG
trigger
TGR0A/
TGR0B
compare
match or
input capture
TGR1A/
TGR1B
compare
match or
input capture
TGR2A/
TGR2B
compare
match or
input capture
TGR3A/
—
TGR3B
compare
match or
input capture
Interrupt
sources
5 sources
4 sources
4 sources
5 sources
4 sources
—
4 sources
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
match or
match or
match or
match or
match or
match or
input
input
input
input
input
input
capture 4A
capture 5A
capture 1A
capture 2A
capture 3A
capture 0A
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
• Compare
match or
match or
match or
match or
match or
match or
input
input
input
input
input
input
capture 4B
capture 1B
capture 2B
capture 3B
capture 0B
capture 5B
• Overflow
• Compare
match or
• Underflow
input
capture 0C
• Overflow
• Underflow
• Overflow
• Compare
match or
• Underflow
input
capture 3C
• Compare
match or
input
capture 0D
• Compare
match or
input
capture 3D
• Overflow
• Overflow
Legend:
: Possible
—: Not possible
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 444 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
• Overflow
• Underflow
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.1.2
Block Diagram
TGRD
TGRB
TGRC
TGRB
Interrupt request signals
Channel 3: TGI3A
TGI3B
TGI3C
TGI3D
TCI3V
Channel 4: TGI4A
TGI4B
TCI4V
TCI4U
Channel 5: TGI5A
TGI5B
TCI5V
TCI5U
Internal data bus
A/D conversion start request signal
TGRD
PPG output trigger signal
TGRC
TGRB
TGRB
TGRB
TCNT
TCNT
TGRA
TCNT
TGRA
Bus interface
TGRB
TCNT
TCNT
TGRA
TCNT
Module data bus
TGRA
TSR
TSR
TGRA
TSR
TSR
TIER
TIER
TIER
TGRA
TSR
TIER
TIER
TIER
TSTR TSYR
TIORH TIORL
TIOR
TIOR
TSR
TMDR
TIORH TIORL
TIOR
TIOR
TCR
TMDR
Channel 4
TCR
TMDR
Channel 5
TCR
Common
Control logic
TMDR
Channel 0
TCR
TMDR
Channel 1
TCR
TMDR
Channel 2
TCR
Input/output pins
TIOCA0
Channel 0:
TIOCB0
TIOCC0
TIOCD0
TIOCA1
Channel 1:
TIOCB1
TIOCA2
Channel 2:
TIOCB2
Control logic for channels 3 to 5
Clock input
Internal clock: φ/1
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
φ/256
φ/1024
φ/4096
External clock: TCLKA
TCLKB
TCLKC
TCLKD
Control logic for channels 0 to 2
Input/output pins
Channel 3:
TIOCA3
TIOCB3
TIOCC3
TIOCD3
TIOCA4
Channel 4:
TIOCB4
TIOCA5
Channel 5:
TIOCB5
Channel 3
Figure 10.1 shows a block diagram of the TPU.
Interrupt request signals
Channel 0: TGI0A
TGI0B
TGI0C
TGI0D
TCI0V
Channel 1: TGI1A
TGI1B
TCI1V
TCI1U
Channel 2: TGI2A
TGI2B
TCI2V
TCI2U
Figure 10.1 Block Diagram of TPU
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 445 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 10.2 summarizes the TPU pins.
Table 10.2 TPU Pins
Channel
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
All
Clock input A
TCLKA
Input
External clock A input pin
(Channel 1 and 5 phase counting mode A
phase input)
Clock input B
TCLKB
Input
External clock B input pin
(Channel 1 and 5 phase counting mode B
phase input)
Clock input C
TCLKC
Input
External clock C input pin
(Channel 2 and 4 phase counting mode A
phase input)
Clock input D
TCLKD
Input
External clock D input pin
(Channel 2 and 4 phase counting mode B
phase input)
Input capture/out
compare match A0
TIOCA0
I/O
TGR0A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B0
TIOCB0
I/O
TGR0B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match C0
TIOCC0
I/O
TGR0C input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match D0
TIOCD0
I/O
TGR0D input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match A1
TIOCA1
I/O
TGR1A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B1
TIOCB1
I/O
TGR1B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match A2
TIOCA2
I/O
TGR2A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B2
TIOCB2
I/O
TGR2B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
0
1
2
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 446 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
3
Input capture/out
compare match A3
TIOCA3
I/O
TGR3A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B3
TIOCB3
I/O
TGR3B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match C3
TIOCC3
I/O
TGR3C input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match D3
TIOCD3
I/O
TGR3D input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match A4
TIOCA4
I/O
TGR4A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B4
TIOCB4
I/O
TGR4B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match A5
TIOCA5
I/O
TGR5A input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
Input capture/out
compare match B5
TIOCB5
I/O
TGR5B input capture input/output compare
output/PWM output pin
4
5
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 447 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.1.4
Register Configuration
Table 10.3 summarizes the TPU registers.
Table 10.3 TPU Registers
1
Channel Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
0
Timer control register 0
TCR0
R/W
H'00
H'FFD0
Timer mode register 0
TMDR0
R/W
H'C0
H'FFD1
Timer I/O control register 0H
TIOR0H
R/W
H'00
H'FFD2
Timer I/O control register 0L
TIOR0L
R/W
H'00
H'FFD3
Timer interrupt enable register 0
TIER0
R/W
H'FFD4
Timer status register 0
TSR0
H'40
2
*
R/(W)
H'C0
1
2
H'FFD5
Timer counter 0
TCNT0
R/W
H'0000
H'FFD6
Timer general register 0A
TGR0A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFD8
Timer general register 0B
TGR0B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFDA
Timer general register 0C
TGR0C
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFDC
Timer general register 0D
TGR0D
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFDE
Timer control register 1
TCR1
R/W
H'00
H'FFE0
Timer mode register 1
TMDR1
R/W
H'C0
H'FFE1
Timer I/O control register 1
TIOR1
R/W
H'00
H'FFE2
Timer interrupt enable register 1
TIER1
R/W
H'FFE4
Timer status register 1
TSR1
H'40
2
*
R/(W)
H'C0
Timer counter 1
TCNT1
R/W
H'FFE6
H'0000
H'FFE5
Timer general register 1A
TGR1A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFE8
Timer general register 1B
TGR1B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFEA
Timer control register 2
TCR2
R/W
H'00
H'FFF0
Timer mode register 2
TMDR2
R/W
H'C0
H'FFF1
Timer I/O control register 2
TIOR2
R/W
H'00
H'FFF2
Timer interrupt enable register 2
TIER2
R/W
H'40
H'FFF4
Timer status register 2
TSR2
R/(W)*
H'C0
H'FFF5
Timer counter 2
TCNT2
R/W
H'0000
H'FFF6
Timer general register 2A
TGR2A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFF8
Timer general register 2B
TGR2B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FFFA
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 448 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
2
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
1
Channel Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
3
Timer control register 3
TCR3
R/W
H'00
H'FE80
Timer mode register 3
TMDR3
R/W
H'C0
H'FE81
Timer I/O control register 3H
TIOR3H
R/W
H'00
H'FE82
Timer I/O control register 3L
TIOR3L
R/W
H'00
H'FE83
Timer interrupt enable register 3
TIER3
R/W
H'FE84
Timer status register 3
TSR3
H'40
2
*
R/(W)
H'C0
Timer counter 3
TCNT3
R/W
H'0000
H'FE86
4
5
All
H'FE85
Timer general register 3A
TGR3A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE88
Timer general register 3B
TGR3B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE8A
Timer general register 3C
TGR3C
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE8C
Timer general register 3D
TGR3D
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE8E
Timer control register 4
TCR4
R/W
H'00
H'FE90
Timer mode register 4
TMDR4
R/W
H'C0
H'FE91
Timer I/O control register 4
TIOR4
R/W
H'00
H'FE92
Timer interrupt enable register 4
TIER4
R/W
H'40
H'FE94
Timer status register 4
TSR4
R/(W)*
H'C0
H'FE95
Timer counter 4
TCNT4
R/W
H'0000
H'FE96
Timer general register 4A
TGR4A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE98
2
Timer general register 4B
TGR4B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FE9A
Timer control register 5
TCR5
R/W
H'00
H'FEA0
Timer mode register 5
TMDR5
R/W
H'C0
H'FEA1
Timer I/O control register 5
TIOR5
R/W
H'00
H'FEA2
Timer interrupt enable register 5
TIER5
R/W
H'FEA4
Timer status register 5
TSR5
H'40
2
*
R/(W)
H'C0
Timer counter 5
TCNT5
R/W
H'0000
H'FEA6
Timer general register 5A
TGR5A
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FEA8
Timer general register 5B
TGR5B
R/W
H'FFFF
H'FEAA
Timer start register
TSTR
R/W
H'00
H'FFC0
Timer synchro register
TSYR
R/W
H'00
H'FFC1
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
H'FEA5
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Can only be written with 0 for flag clearing.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 449 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2
Register Descriptions
10.2.1
Timer Control Registers (TCR)
Channel 0: TCR0
Channel 3: TCR3
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CCLR2
CCLR1
CCLR0
CKEG1
CKEG0
TPSC2
TPSC1
TPSC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
CCLR1
CCLR0
CKEG1
CKEG0
TPSC2
TPSC1
TPSC0
Initial value :
R/W
:
Channel 1: TCR1
Channel 2: TCR2
Channel 4: TCR4
Channel 5: TCR5
Bit
:
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
The TCR registers are 8-bit registers that control the TCNT channels. The TPU has six TCR
registers, one for each of channels 0 to 5. The TCR registers are initialized to H'00 by a reset and
in hardware standby mode.
TCR register settings should be made only when TCNT operation is stopped.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 450 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bits 7 to 5—Counter Clear 2 to 0 (CCLR2 to CCLR0): These bits select the TCNT counter
clearing source.
Channel
Bit 7
CCLR2
Bit 6
CCLR1
Bit 5
CCLR0
Description
0, 3
0
0
0
TCNT clearing disabled
1
TCNT cleared by TGRA compare match/input
capture
0
TCNT cleared by TGRB compare match/input
capture
1
TCNT cleared by counter clearing for another
channel performing synchronous clearing/
1
synchronous operation*
0
TCNT clearing disabled
1
TCNT cleared by TGRC compare match/input
2
capture*
0
TCNT cleared by TGRD compare match/input
2
capture*
1
TCNT cleared by counter clearing for another
channel performing synchronous clearing/
1
synchronous operation*
1
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Channel
Bit 6
Bit 7
3
Reserved* CCLR1
Bit 5
CCLR0
Description
1, 2, 4, 5
0
0
TCNT clearing disabled
1
TCNT cleared by TGRA compare match/input
capture
0
TCNT cleared by TGRB compare match/input
capture
1
TCNT cleared by counter clearing for another
channel performing synchronous clearing/
1
synchronous operation*
0
1
(Initial value)
Notes: 1. Synchronous operation setting is performed by setting the SYNC bit in TSYR to 1.
2. When TGRC or TGRD is used as a buffer register, TCNT is not cleared because the
buffer register setting has priority, and compare match/input capture does not occur.
3. Bit 7 is reserved in channels 1, 2, 4, and 5. It is always read as 0 and cannot be
modified.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 451 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bits 4 and 3—Clock Edge 1 and 0 (CKEG1, CKEG0): These bits select the input clock edge.
When the input clock is counted using both edges, the input clock period is halved (e.g. φ/4 both
edges = φ/2 rising edge). If phase counting mode is used on channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, this setting is
ignored and the phase counting mode setting has priority.
Bit 4
CKEG1
Bit 3
CKEG0
Description
0
0
Count at rising edge
1
Count at falling edge
—
Count at both edges
1
(Initial value)
Note: Internal clock edge selection is valid when the input clock is φ/4 or slower. This setting is
ignored if the input clock is φ/1, or when overflow/underflow of another channel is selected.
Bits 2 to 0—Time Prescaler 2 to 0 (TPSC2 to TPSC0): These bits select the TCNT counter
clock. The clock source can be selected independently for each channel. Table 10.4 shows the
clock sources that can be set for each channel.
Table 10.4 TPU Clock Sources
Internal Clock
Overflow/
Underflow
on Another
TCLKA TCLKB TCLKC TCLKD Channel
External Clock
Channel
φ/1
φ/4
φ/16 φ/64 φ/256
0
o
o
o
o
1
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
o
o
3
o
o
o
o
4
o
o
o
o
5
o
o
o
o
φ/1024 φ/4096
o
o
o
o
o
o
Legend:
o:
Setting
Blank: No setting
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 452 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
0
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKB pin input
0
External clock: counts on TCLKC pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKD pin input
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
1
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKB pin input
1
0
1
(Initial value)
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/256
1
Counts on TCNT2 overflow/underflow
Note: This setting is ignored when channel 1 is in phase counting mode.
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
2
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKB pin input
0
External clock: counts on TCLKC pin input
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/1024
1
1
(Initial value)
Note: This setting is ignored when channel 2 is in phase counting mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 453 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
3
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/1024
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/256
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4096
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
4
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKC pin input
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1024
1
Counts on TCNT5 overflow/underflow
1
0
1
(Initial value)
Note: This setting is ignored when channel 4 is in phase counting mode.
Channel
Bit 2
TPSC2
Bit 1
TPSC1
Bit 0
TPSC0
Description
5
0
0
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/1
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/4
1
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/16
1
Internal clock: counts on φ/64
0
0
External clock: counts on TCLKA pin input
1
External clock: counts on TCLKC pin input
0
Internal clock: counts on φ/256
1
External clock: counts on TCLKD pin input
1
1
Note: This setting is ignored when channel 5 is in phase counting mode.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 454 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(Initial value)
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.2
Timer Mode Registers (TMDR)
Channel 0: TMDR0
Channel 3: TMDR3
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
BFB
BFA
MD3
MD2
MD1
MD0
Initial value :
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
MD3
MD2
MD1
MD0
Initial value :
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
Channel 1: TMDR1
Channel 2: TMDR2
Channel 4: TMDR4
Channel 5: TMDR5
Bit
:
:
The TMDR registers are 8-bit readable/writable registers that are used to set the operating mode
for each channel. The TPU has six TMDR registers, one for each channel. The TMDR registers
are initialized to H'C0 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
TMDR register settings should be made only when TCNT operation is stopped.
Bits 7 and 6—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 5—Buffer Operation B (BFB): Specifies whether TGRB is to operate in the normal way, or
TGRB and TGRD are to be used together for buffer operation. When TGRD is used as a buffer
register, TGRD input capture/output compare is not generated.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, which have no TGRD, bit 5 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and
cannot be modified.
Bit 5
BFB
Description
0
TGRB operates normally
1
TGRB and TGRD used together for buffer operation
(Initial value)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 455 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bit 4—Buffer Operation A (BFA): Specifies whether TGRA is to operate in the normal way, or
TGRA and TGRC are to be used together for buffer operation. When TGRC is used as a buffer
register, TGRC input capture/output compare is not generated.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, which have no TGRC, bit 4 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and
cannot be modified.
Bit 4
BFA
Description
0
TGRA operates normally
1
TGRA and TGRC used together for buffer operation
(Initial value)
Bits 3 to 0—Modes 3 to 0 (MD3 to MD0): These bits are used to set the timer operating mode.
Bit 3
1
MD3*
Bit 2
2
MD2*
Bit 1
MD1
Bit 0
MD0
Description
0
0
0
0
Normal operation
1
Reserved
0
PWM mode 1
1
PWM mode 2
0
Phase counting mode 1
1
Phase counting mode 2
1
0
Phase counting mode 3
1
Phase counting mode 4
*
*
—
1
1
1
*
0
(Initial value)
*: Don’t care
Notes: 1. MD3 is a reserved bit. In a write, it should always be written with 0.
2. Phase counting mode cannot be set for channels 0 and 3. For these channels, 0 should
always be written to MD2.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 456 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.3
Timer I/O Control Registers (TIOR)
Channel 0: TIOR0H
Channel 1: TIOR1
Channel 2: TIOR2
Channel 3: TIOR3H
Channel 4: TIOR4
Channel 5: TIOR5
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IOB3
IOB2
IOB1
IOB0
IOA3
IOA2
IOA1
IOA0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IOD3
IOD2
IOD1
IOD0
IOC3
IOC2
IOC1
IOC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Channel 0: TIOR0L
Channel 3: TIOR3L
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
Note: When TGRC or TGRD is designated for buffer operation, this setting is invalid and the
register operates as a buffer register.
The TIOR registers are 8-bit registers that control the TGR registers. The TPU has eight TIOR
registers, two each for channels 0 and 3, and one each for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5. The TIOR
registers are initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Care is required since TIOR is affected by the TMDR setting. The initial output specified by TIOR
is valid when the counter is stopped (the CST bit in TSTR is cleared to 0). Note also that, in PWM
mode 2, the output at the point at which the counter is cleared to 0 is specified.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 457 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bits 7 to 4— I/O Control B3 to B0 (IOB3 to IOB0)
I/O Control D3 to D0 (IOD3 to IOD0):
Bits IOB3 to IOB0 specify the function of TGRB.
Bits IOD3 to IOD0 specify the function of TGRD.
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR0B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
0
Output disabled
1
1
0
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
1
*
*
*
1
1
Note:
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR0B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCB0 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Input capture at TCNT1
Capture input
1
source is channel count-up/count-down*
1/count clock
*: Don’t care
1. When bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR1 are set to B'000 and φ/1 is used as the TCNT1
count clock, this setting is invalid and input capture is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 458 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOD3 IOD2 IOD1 IOD0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR0D Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
2
register*
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR0D Capture input
is input
source is
capture TIOCD0 pin
2
register*
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT1
1
source is channel count-up/count-down*
1/count clock
*: Don’t care
Notes: 1. When bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR1 are set to B'000 and φ/1 is used as the TCNT1
count clock, this setting is invalid and input capture is not generated.
2. When the BFB bit in TMDR0 is set to 1 and TGR0D is used as a buffer register, this
setting is invalid and input capture/output compare is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 459 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR1B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR1B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCB1 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at generation of
source is TGR0C TGR0C compare match/input
compare match/ capture
input capture
*: Don’t care
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR2B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
0
Output disabled
1
1
0
Initial output is 1
output
1
1
*
0
0
1
*
1
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR2B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
Input capture at rising edge
source is
Input capture at falling edge
TIOCB2 pin
Input capture at both edges
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 460 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Description
TGR3B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
0
1
1
Note:
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR3B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCB3 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT4
1
source is channel count-up/count-down*
4/count clock
*: Don’t care
1. When bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR4 are set to B'000 and φ/1 is used as the TCNT4
count clock, this setting is invalid and input capture is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 461 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOD3 IOD2 IOD1 IOD0
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR3D Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
2
register*
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR3D Capture input
is input
source is
capture TIOCD3 pin
2
register*
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT4 count1
source is channel up/count-down*
4/count clock
*: Don’t care
Notes: 1. When bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR4 are set to B'000 and φ/1 is used as the TCNT4
count clock, this setting is invalid and input capture is not generated.
2. When the BFB bit in TMDR3 is set to 1 and TGR3D is used as a buffer register, this
setting is invalid and input capture/output compare is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 462 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR4B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
*
*
*
1
1
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR4B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCB4 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at generation of
source is TGR3C TGR3C compare match/
compare match/ input capture
input capture
*: Don’t care
Channel
Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4
IOB3 IOB2 IOB1 IOB0
5
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR5B Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
*
0
0
1
1
*
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
TGR5B
is input
capture
register
Capture input
Input capture at rising edge
source is TIOCB5 Input capture at falling edge
pin
Input capture at both edges
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 463 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bits 3 to 0— I/O Control A3 to A0 (IOA3 to IOA0)
I/O Control C3 to C0 (IOC3 to IOC0):
IOA3 to IOA0 specify the function of TGRA.
IOC3 to IOC0 specify the function of TGRC.
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR0A Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
0
Output disabled
1
1
0
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
1
*
*
*
1
1
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR0A is Capture input
input
source is
capture TIOCA0 pin
register
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Input capture at TCNT1 countCapture input
source is channel up/count-down
1/ count clock
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 464 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Description
TGR0C Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
1
register*
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
0
1
1
Note:
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR0C Capture input
is input
source is
capture TIOCC0 pin
1
register*
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT1 countsource is channel up/count-down
1/count clock
*: Don’t care
1. When the BFA bit in TMDR0 is set to 1 and TGR0C is used as a buffer register, this
setting is invalid and input capture/output compare is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 465 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Description
TGR1A Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR1A
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCA1 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at generation of
source is TGR0A channel 0/TGR0A compare
compare match/ match/input capture
input capture
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 466 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Description
Output disabled
TGR2A
is output
compare
register
Initial output is 0 output at compare match
0 output
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 0 output at compare match
1 output
1 output at compare match
0
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
*
0
1
(Initial valu
0
TGR2A is
Capture input Input capture at rising edge
1
input capture source is
Input capture at falling edge
*
register
Input capture at both edges
TIOCA2 pin
*: Don’t care
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR3A Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR3A
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCA3 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT4 countsource is channel up/count-down
4/count clock
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 467 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0
3
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
Description
TGR3C Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
1
register*
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
0
0
0
1
1
Note:
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
0 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
TGR3C Capture input
is input
source is
capture TIOCC3 pin
1
register*
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at TCNT4 countsource is channel up/count-down
4/count clock
*: Don’t care
1. When the BFA bit in TMDR3 is set to 1 and TGR3C is used as a buffer register, this
setting is invalid and input capture/output compare is not generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 468 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
4
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR4A Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
*
*
*
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
TGR4A
is input
capture
register
Capture input
source is
TIOCA4 pin
Input capture at rising edge
Input capture at falling edge
Input capture at both edges
Capture input
Input capture at generation of
source is TGR3A TGR3A compare match/input
compare match/ capture
input capture
*: Don’t care
Channel
Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
IOA3 IOA2 IOA1 IOA0
5
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
Description
TGR5A Output disabled
is output Initial output is 0
compare output
register
0
1
0
Output disabled
1
Initial output is 1
output
0
*
0
0
1
1
*
0 output at compare match
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
1 output at compare match
Toggle output at compare
match
1
1
(Initial value)
0 output at compare match
TGR4A
is input
capture
register
Capture input
Input capture at rising edge
source is TIOCA4 Input capture at falling edge
pin
Input capture at both edges
*: Don’t care
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 469 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.4
Timer Interrupt Enable Registers (TIER)
Channel 0: TIER0
Channel 3: TIER3
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TTGE
—
—
TCIEV
TGIED
TGIEC
TGIEB
TGIEA
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Channel 1: TIER1
Channel 2: TIER2
Channel 4: TIER4
Channel 5: TIER5
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TTGE
—
TCIEU
TCIEV
—
—
TGIEB
TGIEA
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
The TIER registers are 8-bit registers that control enabling or disabling of interrupt requests for
each channel. The TPU has six TIER registers, one for each channel. The TIER registers are
initialized to H'40 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—A/D Conversion Start Request Enable (TTGE): Enables or disables generation of A/D
conversion start requests by TGRA input capture/compare match.
Bit 7
TTGE
Description
0
A/D conversion start request generation disabled
1
A/D conversion start request generation enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bit 5—Underflow Interrupt Enable (TCIEU): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TCIU) by
the TCFU bit when the TCFU bit in TSR is set to 1 in channels 1 and 2.
In channels 0 and 3, bit 5 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 470 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bit 5
TCIEU
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TCIU) by TCFU disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TCIU) by TCFU enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Overflow Interrupt Enable (TCIEV): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TCIV) by
the TCFV bit when the TCFV bit in TSR is set to 1.
Bit 4
TCIEV
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TCIV) by TCFV disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TCIV) by TCFV enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 3—TGR Interrupt Enable D (TGIED): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TGID) by the
TGFD bit when the TGFD bit in TSR is set to 1 in channels 0 and 3.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, bit 3 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Bit 3
TGIED
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TGID) by TGFD disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TGID) by TGFD enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 2—TGR Interrupt Enable C (TGIEC): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TGIC) by the
TGFC bit when the TGFC bit in TSR is set to 1 in channels 0 and 3.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, bit 2 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Bit 2
TGIEC
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TGIC) by TGFC disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TGIC) by TGFC enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 1—TGR Interrupt Enable B (TGIEB): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TGIB) by the
TGFB bit when the TGFB bit in TSR is set to 1.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bit 1
TGIEB
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TGIB) by TGFB disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TGIB) by TGFB enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 0—TGR Interrupt Enable A (TGIEA): Enables or disables interrupt requests (TGIA) by the
TGFA bit when the TGFA bit in TSR is set to 1.
Bit 0
TGIEA
Description
0
Interrupt requests (TGIA) by TGFA disabled
1
Interrupt requests (TGIA) by TGFA enabled
10.2.5
(Initial value)
Timer Status Registers (TSR)
Channel 0: TSR0
Channel 3: TSR3
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
TCFV
TGFD
TGFC
TGFB
TGFA
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
—
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
Initial value :
R/W
:
—
—
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
Channel 1: TSR1
Channel 2: TSR2
Channel 4: TSR4
Channel 5: TSR5
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TCFD
—
TCFU
TCFV
—
—
TGFB
TGFA
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
0
—
—
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
Initial value :
1
1
R/W
R
—
:
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
The TSR registers are 8-bit registers that indicate the status of each channel. The TPU has six TSR
registers, one for each channel. The TSR registers are initialized to H'C0 by a reset and in
hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—Count Direction Flag (TCFD): Status flag that shows the direction in which TCNT
counts in channels 1, 2, 4, and 5.
In channels 0 and 3, bit 7 is reserved. It is always read as 1 and cannot be modified.
Bit 7
TCFD
Description
0
TCNT counts down
1
TCNT counts up
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bit 5—Underflow Flag (TCFU): Status flag that indicates that TCNT underflow has occurred
when channels 1, 2, 4, and 5 are set to phase counting mode.
In channels 0 and 3, bit 5 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Bit 5
TCFU
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
When 0 is written to TCFU after reading TCFU = 1
1
[Setting condition]
When the TCNT value underflows (changes from H'0000 to H'FFFF)
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Overflow Flag (TCFV): Status flag that indicates that TCNT overflow has occurred.
Bit 4
TCFV
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
1
[Setting condition]
(Initial value)
When 0 is written to TCFV after reading TCFV = 1
When the TCNT value overflows (changes from H'FFFF to H'0000 )
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bit 3—Input Capture/Output Compare Flag D (TGFD): Status flag that indicates the
occurrence of TGRD input capture or compare match in channels 0 and 3.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, bit 3 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Bit 3
TGFD
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTC is activated by TGID interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
•
When 0 is written to TGFD after reading TGFD = 1
[Setting conditions]
•
When TCNT = TGRD while TGRD is functioning as output compare register
•
When TCNT value is transferred to TGRD by input capture signal while TGRD is
functioning as input capture register
Bit 2—Input Capture/Output Compare Flag C (TGFC): Status flag that indicates the
occurrence of TGRC input capture or compare match in channels 0 and 3.
In channels 1, 2, 4, and 5, bit 2 is reserved. It is always read as 0 and cannot be modified.
Bit 2
TGFC
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTC is activated by TGIC interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
•
When 0 is written to TGFC after reading TGFC = 1
[Setting conditions]
•
When TCNT = TGRC while TGRC is functioning as output compare register
•
When TCNT value is transferred to TGRC by input capture signal while TGRC is
functioning as input capture register
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Bit 1—Input Capture/Output Compare Flag B (TGFB): Status flag that indicates the
occurrence of TGRB input capture or compare match.
Bit 1
TGFB
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
When DTC is activated by TGIB interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
•
When 0 is written to TGFB after reading TGFB = 1
[Setting conditions]
•
When TCNT = TGRB while TGRB is functioning as output compare register
•
When TCNT value is transferred to TGRB by input capture signal while TGRB is
functioning as input capture register
Bit 0—Input Capture/Output Compare Flag A (TGFA): Status flag that indicates the
occurrence of TGRA input capture or compare match.
Bit 0
TGFA
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
•
•
(Initial value)
When DTC is activated by TGIA interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
When DMAC* is activated by TGIA interrupt while DTA bit of DMABCR in DMAC*
is 1
•
1
When 0 is written to TGFA after reading TGFA = 1
[Setting conditions]
•
When TCNT = TGRA while TGRA is functioning as output compare register
•
When TCNT value is transferred to TGRA by input capture signal while TGRA is
functioning as input capture register
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.6
Timer Counters (TCNT)
Channel 0: TCNT0 (up-counter)
Channel 1: TCNT1 (up/down-counter*)
Channel 2: TCNT2 (up/down-counter*)
Channel 3: TCNT3 (up-counter)
Channel 4: TCNT4 (up/down-counter*)
Channel 5: TCNT5 (up/down-counter*)
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
Note: * These counters can be used as up/down-counters only in phase counting mode or when
counting overflow/underflow on another channel. In other cases they function as upcounters.
The TCNT registers are 16-bit counters. The TPU has six TCNT counters, one for each channel.
The TCNT counters are initialized to H'0000 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
The TCNT counters cannot be accessed in 8-bit units; they must always be accessed as a 16-bit
unit.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.7
Bit
Timer General Registers (TGR)
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
The TGR registers are 16-bit registers with a dual function as output compare and input capture
registers. The TPU has 16 TGR registers, four each for channels 0 and 3 and two each for channels
1, 2, 4, and 5. TGRC and TGRD for channels 0 and 3 can also be designated for operation as
buffer registers*. The TGR registers are initialized to H'FFFF by a reset and in hardware standby
mode.
The TGR registers cannot be accessed in 8-bit units; they must always be accessed as a 16-bit unit.
Note: * TGR buffer register combinations are TGRA-TGRC and TGRB-TGRD.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.8
Bit
Timer Start Register (TSTR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
CST5
CST4
CST3
CST2
CST1
CST0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
TSTR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects operation/stoppage for channels 0 to 5.
TSTR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode. When setting the operating
mode in TMDR or setting the count clock in TCR, first stop the TCNT counter.
Bits 7 and 6—Reserved: Must always be written with 0.
Bits 5 to 0—Counter Start 5 to 0 (CST5 to CST0): These bits select operation or stoppage for
TCNT.
Bit n
CSTn
Description
0
TCNTn count operation is stopped
1
TCNTn performs count operation
(Initial value)
n = 5 to 0
Note: If 0 is written to the CST bit during operation with the TIOC pin designated for output, the
counter stops but the TIOC pin output compare output level is retained. If TIOR is written to
when the CST bit is cleared to 0, the pin output level will be changed to the set initial output
value.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.9
Bit
Timer Synchro Register (TSYR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
SYNC5
SYNC4
SYNC3
SYNC2
SYNC1
SYNC0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
TSYR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects independent operation or synchronous
operation for the channel 0 to 4 TCNT counters. A channel performs synchronous operation when
the corresponding bit in TSYR is set to 1.
TSYR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bits 7 and 6—Reserved: Must always be written with 0.
Bits 5 to 0—Timer Synchro 5 to 0 (SYNC5 to SYNC0): These bits select whether operation is
independent of or synchronized with other channels.
When synchronous operation is selected, synchronous presetting of multiple channels*1, and
synchronous clearing through counter clearing on another channel*2 are possible.
Bit n
SYNCn
Description
0
TCNTn operates independently (TCNT presetting/clearing is unrelated to
other channels)
(Initial value)
1
TCNTn performs synchronous operation
1
2
TCNT synchronous presetting* /synchronous clearing* is possible
n = 5 to 0
Notes: 1. To set synchronous operation, the SYNC bits for at least two channels must be set to 1.
2. To set synchronous clearing, in addition to the SYNC bit , the TCNT clearing source
must also be set by means of bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.2.10 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP13 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, TPU operation stops at the end of the bus cycle and
a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to in module stop
mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 13—Module Stop (MSTP13): Specifies the TPU module stop mode.
Bit 13
MSTP13
Description
0
TPU module stop mode cleared
1
TPU module stop mode set
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(Initial value)
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.3
Interface to Bus Master
10.3.1
16-Bit Registers
TCNT and TGR are 16-bit registers. As the data bus to the bus master is 16 bits wide, these
registers can be read and written to in 16-bit units.
These registers cannot be read or written to in 8-bit units; 16-bit access must always be used.
An example of 16-bit register access operation is shown in figure 10.2.
Internal data bus
H
Bus
master
L
Module
data bus
Bus interface
TCNTH
TCNTL
Figure 10.2 16-Bit Register Access Operation [Bus Master ↔ TCNT (16 Bits)]
10.3.2
8-Bit Registers
Registers other than TCNT and TGR are 8-bit. As the data bus to the CPU is 16 bits wide, these
registers can be read and written to in 16-bit units. They can also be read and written to in 8-bit
units.
Examples of 8-bit register access operation are shown in figures 10.3 to 10.5.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Internal data bus
H
Bus
master
L
Module
data bus
Bus interface
TCR
Figure 10.3 8-Bit Register Access Operation [Bus Master ↔ TCR (Upper 8 Bits)]
Internal data bus
H
Bus
master
L
Module
data bus
Bus interface
TMDR
Figure 10.4 8-Bit Register Access Operation [Bus Master ↔ TMDR (Lower 8 Bits)]
Internal data bus
H
Bus
master
L
Module
data bus
Bus interface
TCR
TMDR
Figure 10.5 8-Bit Register Access Operation [Bus Master ↔ TCR and TMDR (16 Bits)]
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4
Operation
10.4.1
Overview
Operation in each mode is outlined below.
Normal Operation: Each channel has a TCNT and TGR register. TCNT performs up-counting,
and is also capable of free-running operation, synchronous counting, and external event counting.
Each TGR can be used as an input capture register or output compare register.
Synchronous Operation: When synchronous operation is designated for a channel, TCNT for
that channel performs synchronous presetting. That is, when TCNT for a channel designated for
synchronous operation is rewritten, the TCNT counters for the other channels are also rewritten at
the same time. Synchronous clearing of the TCNT counters is also possible by setting the timer
synchronization bits in TSYR for channels designated for synchronous operation.
Buffer Operation
• When TGR is an output compare register
When a compare match occurs, the value in the buffer register for the relevant channel is
transferred to TGR.
• When TGR is an input capture register
When input capture occurs, the value in TCNT is transferred to TGR and the value previously
held in TGR is transferred to the buffer register.
Cascaded Operation: The channel 1 counter (TCNT1) and channel 2 counter (TCNT2), or the
channel 4 counter (TCNT4) and channel 5 counter (TCNT5), can be connected together to operate
as a 32-bit counter.
PWM Mode: In this mode, a PWM waveform is output. The output level can be set by means of
TIOR. A PWM waveform with a duty of between 0% and 100% can be output, according to the
setting of each TGR register.
Phase Counting Mode: In this mode, TCNT is incremented or decremented by detecting the
phases of two clocks input from the external clock input pins in channels 1, 2, 4, and 5. When
phase counting mode is set, the corresponding TCLK pin functions as the clock pin, and TCNT
performs up/down-counting.
This can be used for two-phase encoder pulse input.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4.2
Basic Functions
Counter Operation: When one of bits CST0 to CST5 is set to 1 in TSTR, the TCNT counter for
the corresponding channel starts counting. TCNT can operate as a free-running counter, periodic
counter, and so on.
• Example of count operation setting procedure
Figure 10.6 shows an example of the count operation setting procedure.
[1] Select the counter
clock with bits
TPSC2 to TPSC0 in
TCR. At the same
time, select the
input clock edge
with bits CKEG1
and CKEG0 in TCR.
Operation selection
Select counter clock
[1]
Periodic counter
Select counter clearing source
[2]
Select output compare register
[3]
Set period
[4]
Start count
[5]
<Periodic counter>
[2] For periodic counter
operation, select the
TGR to be used as
the TCNT clearing
source with bits
CCLR2 to CCLR0 in
TCR.
Free-running counter
[3] Designate the TGR
selected in [2] as an
output compare
register by means of
TIOR.
[4] Set the periodic
counter cycle in the
TGR selected in [2].
Start count
<Free-running counter>
[5]
[5] Set the CST bit in
TSTR to 1 to start
the counter
operation.
Figure 10.6 Example of Counter Operation Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Free-running count operation and periodic count operation
Immediately after a reset, the TPU’s TCNT counters are all designated as free-running
counters. When the relevant bit in TSTR is set to 1 the corresponding TCNT counter starts upcount operation as a free-running counter. When TCNT overflows (from H'FFFF to H'0000),
the TCFV bit in TSR is set to 1. If the value of the corresponding TCIEV bit in TIER is 1 at
this point, the TPU requests an interrupt. After overflow, TCNT starts counting up again from
H'0000.
Figure 10.7 illustrates free-running counter operation.
TCNT value
H'FFFF
H'0000
Time
CST bit
TCFV
Figure 10.7 Free-Running Counter Operation
When compare match is selected as the TCNT clearing source, the TCNT counter for the
relevant channel performs periodic count operation. The TGR register for setting the period is
designated as an output compare register, and counter clearing by compare match is selected
by means of bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR. After the settings have been made, TCNT starts
up-count operation as a periodic counter when the corresponding bit in TSTR is set to 1. When
the count value matches the value in TGR, the TGF bit in TSR is set to 1 and TCNT is cleared
to H'0000.
If the value of the corresponding TGIE bit in TIER is 1 at this point, the TPU requests an
interrupt. After a compare match, TCNT starts counting up again from H'0000.
Figure 10.8 illustrates periodic counter operation.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Counter cleared by TGR
compare match
TCNT value
TGR
H'0000
Time
CST bit
Flag cleared by software or
DTC/DMAC* activation
TGF
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 10.8 Periodic Counter Operation
Waveform Output by Compare Match: The TPU can perform 0, 1, or toggle output from the
corresponding output pin using compare match.
• Example of setting procedure for waveform output by compare match
Figure 10.9 shows an example of the setting procedure for waveform output by compare match
Output selection
Select waveform output mode
[1]
[1] Select initial value 0 output or 1 output, and
compare match output value 0 output, 1 output,
or toggle output, by means of TIOR. The set
initial value is output at the TIOC pin until the
first compare match occurs.
[2] Set the timing for compare match generation in
TGR.
Set output timing
[2]
Start count
[3]
[3] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to start the count
operation.
<Waveform output>
Figure 10.9 Example of Setting Procedure for Waveform Output by Compare Match
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Examples of waveform output operation
Figure 10.10 shows an example of 0 output/1 output.
In this example TCNT has been designated as a free-running counter, and settings have been
made so that 1 is output by compare match A, and 0 is output by compare match B. When the
set level and the pin level coincide, the pin level does not change.
TCNT value
H'FFFF
TGRA
TGRB
Time
H'0000
No change
No change
1 output
TIOCA
TIOCB
No change
No change
0 output
Figure 10.10 Example of 0 Output/1 Output Operation
Figure 10.11 shows an example of toggle output.
In this example TCNT has been designated as a periodic counter (with counter clearing
performed by compare match B), and settings have been made so that output is toggled by both
compare match A and compare match B.
TCNT value
Counter cleared by TGRB compare match
H'FFFF
TGRB
TGRA
Time
H'0000
Toggle output
TIOCB
Toggle output
TIOCA
Figure 10.11 Example of Toggle Output Operation
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Input Capture Function: The TCNT value can be transferred to TGR on detection of the TIOC
pin input edge.
Rising edge, falling edge, or both edges can be selected as the detected edge. For channels 0, 1, 3,
and 4, it is also possible to specify another channel’s counter input clock or compare match signal
as the input capture source.
Note: When another channel’s counter input clock is used as the input capture input for channels
0 and 3, φ/1 should not be selected as the counter input clock used for input capture input.
Input capture will not be generated if φ/1 is selected.
• Example of input capture operation setting procedure
Figure 10.12 shows an example of the input capture operation setting procedure.
[1] Designate TGR as an input capture register by
means of TIOR, and select the input capture
source and input signal edge (rising edge, falling
edge, or both edges).
Input selection
Select input capture input
[1]
Start count
[2]
[2] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to start the count
operation.
<Input capture operation>
Figure 10.12 Example of Input Capture Operation Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Example of input capture operation
Figure 10.13 shows an example of input capture operation.
In this example both rising and falling edges have been selected as the TIOCA pin input
capture input edge, falling edge has been selected as the TIOCB pin input capture input edge,
and counter clearing by TGRB input capture has been designated for TCNT.
Counter cleared by TIOCB
input (falling edge)
TCNT value
H'0180
H'0160
H'0010
H'0005
Time
H'0000
TIOCA
TGRA
H'0005
H'0160
H'0010
TIOCB
TGRB
H'0180
Figure 10.13 Example of Input Capture Operation
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4.3
Synchronous Operation
In synchronous operation, the values in a number of TCNT counters can be rewritten
simultaneously (synchronous presetting). Also, a number of TCNT counters can be cleared
simultaneously by making the appropriate setting in TCR (synchronous clearing).
Synchronous operation enables TGR to be incremented with respect to a single time base.
Channels 0 to 5 can all be designated for synchronous operation.
Example of Synchronous Operation Setting Procedure: Figure 10.14 shows an example of the
synchronous operation setting procedure.
Synchronous operation
selection
Set synchronous
operation
[1]
Synchronous presetting
Set TCNT
Synchronous clearing
[2]
Clearing
source generation
channel?
No
Yes
<Synchronous presetting>
Select counter
clearing source
[3]
Set synchronous
counter clearing
[4]
Start count
[5]
Start count
[5]
<Counter clearing>
<Synchronous clearing>
[1] Set to 1 the SYNC bits in TSYR corresponding to the channels to be designated for synchronous operation.
[2] When the TCNT counter of any of the channels designated for synchronous operation is written to, the
same value is simultaneously written to the other TCNT counters.
[3] Use bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR to specify TCNT clearing by input capture/output compare, etc.
[4] Use bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR to designate synchronous clearing for the counter clearing source.
[5] Set to 1 the CST bits in TSTR for the relevant channels, to start the count operation.
Figure 10.14 Example of Synchronous Operation Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Example of Synchronous Operation: Figure 10.15 shows an example of synchronous operation.
In this example, synchronous operation and PWM mode 1 have been designated for channels 0 to
2, TGR0B compare match has been set as the channel 0 counter clearing source, and synchronous
clearing has been set for the channel 1 and 2 counter clearing source.
Three-phase PWM waveforms are output from pins TIOC0A, TIOC1A, and TIOC2A. At this
time, synchronous presetting, and synchronous clearing by TGR0B compare match, is performed
for channel 0 to 2 TCNT counters, and the data set in TGR0B is used as the PWM cycle.
For details of PWM modes, see section 10.4.6, PWM Modes.
Synchronous clearing by TGR0B compare match
TCNT0 to TCNT2 values
TGR0B
TGR1B
TGR0A
TGR2B
TGR1A
TGR2A
Time
H'0000
TIOC0A
TIOC1A
TIOC2A
Figure 10.15 Example of Synchronous Operation
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4.4
Buffer Operation
Buffer operation, provided for channels 0 and 3, enables TGRC and TGRD to be used as buffer
registers.
Buffer operation differs depending on whether TGR has been designated as an input capture
register or as a compare match register.
Table 10.5 shows the register combinations used in buffer operation.
Table 10.5 Register Combinations in Buffer Operation
Channel
Timer General Register
Buffer Register
0
TGR0A
TGR0C
TGR0B
TGR0D
3
TGR3A
TGR3C
TGR3B
TGR3D
• When TGR is an output compare register
When a compare match occurs, the value in the buffer register for the corresponding channel is
transferred to the timer general register.
This operation is illustrated in figure 10.16.
Compare match signal
Buffer register
Timer general
register
Comparator
Figure 10.16 Compare Match Buffer Operation
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TCNT
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• When TGR is an input capture register
When input capture occurs, the value in TCNT is transferred to TGR and the value previously
held in the timer general register is transferred to the buffer register.
This operation is illustrated in figure 10.17.
Input capture
signal
Timer general
register
Buffer register
TCNT
Figure 10.17 Input Capture Buffer Operation
Example of Buffer Operation Setting Procedure: Figure 10.18 shows an example of the buffer
operation setting procedure.
[1] Designate TGR as an input capture register or
output compare register by means of TIOR.
Buffer operation
[1]
[2] Designate TGR for buffer operation with bits
BFA and BFB in TMDR.
Set buffer operation
[2]
[3] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to start the count
operation.
Start count
[3]
Select TGR function
<Buffer operation>
Figure 10.18 Example of Buffer Operation Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Examples of Buffer Operation
• When TGR is an output compare register
Figure 10.19 shows an operation example in which PWM mode 1 has been designated for
channel 0, and buffer operation has been designated for TGRA and TGRC. The settings used
in this example are TCNT clearing by compare match B, 1 output at compare match A, and 0
output at compare match B.
As buffer operation has been set, when compare match A occurs the output changes and the
value in buffer register TGRC is simultaneously transferred to timer general register TGRA.
This operation is repeated each time compare match A occurs.
For details of PWM modes, see section 10.4.6, PWM Modes.
TCNT value
TGR0B
H'0520
H'0450
H'0200
TGR0A
Time
H'0000
TGR0C H'0200
H'0450
H'0520
Transfer
TGR0A
H'0200
H'0450
TIOCA
Figure 10.19 Example of Buffer Operation (1)
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• When TGR is an input capture register
Figure 10.20 shows an operation example in which TGRA has been designated as an input
capture register, and buffer operation has been designated for TGRA and TGRC.
Counter clearing by TGRA input capture has been set for TCNT, and both rising and falling
edges have been selected as the TIOCA pin input capture input edge.
As buffer operation has been set, when the TCNT value is stored in TGRA upon occurrence of
input capture A, the value previously stored in TGRA is simultaneously transferred to TGRC.
TCNT value
H'0F07
H'09FB
H'0532
H'0000
Time
TIOCA
TGRA
TGRC
H'0532
H'0F07
H'09FB
H'0532
H'0F07
Figure 10.20 Example of Buffer Operation (2)
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4.5
Cascaded Operation
In cascaded operation, two 16-bit counters for different channels are used together as a 32-bit
counter.
This function works by counting the channel 1 (channel 4) counter clock upon overflow/underflow
of TCNT2 (TCNT5) as set in bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR.
Underflow occurs only when the lower 16-bit TCNT is in phase-counting mode.
Table 10.6 shows the register combinations used in cascaded operation.
Note: When phase counting mode is set for channel 1 or 4, the counter clock setting is invalid
and the counter operates independently in phase counting mode.
Table 10.6 Cascaded Combinations
Combination
Upper 16 Bits
Lower 16 Bits
Channels 1 and 2
TCNT1
TCNT2
Channels 4 and 5
TCNT4
TCNT5
Example of Cascaded Operation Setting Procedure: Figure 10.21 shows an example of the
setting procedure for cascaded operation.
[1] Set bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in the channel 1
(channel 4) TCR to B'111 to select TCNT2
(TCNT5) overflow/underflow counting.
Cascaded operation
Set cascading
[1]
Start count
[2]
[2] Set the CST bit in TSTR for the upper and lower
channel to 1 to start the count operation.
<Cascaded operation>
Figure 10.21 Cascaded Operation Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Examples of Cascaded Operation: Figure 10.22 illustrates the operation when counting upon
TCNT2 overflow/underflow has been set for TCNT1, TGR1A, and TGR2A have been designated
as input capture registers, and TIOC pin rising edge has been selected.
When a rising edge is input to the TIOCA1 and TIOCA2 pins simultaneously, the upper 16 bits of
the 32-bit data are transferred to TGR1A, and the lower 16 bits to TGR2A.
TCNT1
clock
TCNT1
H'03A1
H'03A2
TCNT2
clock
TCNT2
H'FFFF
H'0000
H'0001
TIOCA1,
TIOCA2
TGR1A
H'03A2
TGR2A
H'0000
Figure 10.22 Example of Cascaded Operation (1)
Figure 10.23 illustrates the operation when counting upon TCNT2 overflow/underflow has been
set for TCNT1, and phase counting mode has been designated for channel 2.
TCNT1 is incremented by TCNT2 overflow and decremented by TCNT2 underflow.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
TCLKC
TCLKD
TCNT2
FFFD
TCNT1
FFFE
FFFF
0000
0000
0001
0002
0001
0001
0000
FFFF
0000
Figure 10.23 Example of Cascaded Operation (2)
10.4.6
PWM Modes
In PWM mode, PWM waveforms are output from the output pins. 0, 1, or toggle output can be
selected as the output level in response to compare match of each TGR.
Designating TGR compare match as the counter clearing source enables the period to be set in that
register. All channels can be designated for PWM mode independently. Synchronous operation is
also possible.
There are two PWM modes, as described below.
• PWM mode 1
PWM output is generated from the TIOCA and TIOCC pins by pairing TGRA with TGRB and
TGRC with TGRD. The output specified by bits IOA3 to IOA0 and IOC3 to IOC0 in TIOR is
output from the TIOCA and TIOCC pins at compare matches A and C, and the output
specified by bits IOB3 to IOB0 and IOD3 to IOD0 in TIOR is output at compare matches B
and D. The initial output value is the value set in TGRA or TGRC. If the set values of paired
TGRs are identical, the output value does not change when a compare match occurs.
In PWM mode 1, a maximum 8-phase PWM output is possible.
• PWM mode 2
PWM output is generated using one TGR as the period register and the others as duty registers.
The output specified in TIOR is performed by means of compare matches. Upon counter
clearing by a synchronization register compare match, the output value of each pin is the initial
value set in TIOR. If the set values of the period and duty registers are identical, the output
value does not change when a compare match occurs.
In PWM mode 2, a maximum 15-phase PWM output is possible by combined use with
synchronous operation.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
The correspondence between PWM output pins and registers is shown in table 10.7.
Table 10.7 PWM Output Registers and Output Pins
Output Pins
Channel
Registers
PWM Mode 1
PWM Mode 2
0
TGR0A
TIOCA0
TIOCA0
TGR0B
TGR0C
TIOCB0
TIOCC0
TGR0D
1
TGR1A
TIOCD0
TIOCA1
TGR1B
2
TGR2A
TGR3A
TIOCA2
TGR4A
TIOCC3
TGR5A
TGR5B
TIOCC3
TIOCD3
TIOCA4
TGR4B
5
TIOCA3
TIOCB3
TGR3D
4
TIOCA2
TIOCB2
TIOCA3
TGR3B
TGR3C
TIOCA1
TIOCB1
TGR2B
3
TIOCC0
TIOCA4
TIOCB4
TIOCA5
TIOCA5
TIOCB5
Note: In PWM mode 2, PWM output is not possible for the TGR register in which the period is set.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Example of PWM Mode Setting Procedure: Figure 10.24 shows an example of the PWM mode
setting procedure.
PWM mode
Select counter clock
[1]
[1] Select the counter clock with bits TPSC2 to
TPSC0 in TCR. At the same time, select the
input clock edge with bits CKEG1 and CKEG0 in
TCR.
[2] Use bits CCLR2 to CCLR0 in TCR to select the
TGR to be used as the TCNT clearing source.
Select counter clearing source
Select waveform output level
Set TGR
[2]
[3]
[4]
[3] Use TIOR to designate the TGR as an output
compare register, and select the initial value and
output value.
[4] Set the period in the TGR selected in [2], and
set the duty in the other TGR.
[5] Select the PWM mode with bits MD3 to MD0 in
TMDR.
Set PWM mode
[5]
Start count
[6]
[6] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to start the count
operation.
<PWM mode>
Figure 10.24 Example of PWM Mode Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Examples of PWM Mode Operation: Figure 10.25 shows an example of PWM mode 1
operation.
In this example, TGRA compare match is set as the TCNT clearing source, 0 is set for the TGRA
initial output value and output value, and 1 is set as the TGRB output value.
In this case, the value set in TGRA is used as the period, and the value set in TGRB as the duty.
TCNT value
TGRA
Counter cleared by
TGRA compare match
TGRB
H'0000
Time
TIOCA
Figure 10.25 Example of PWM Mode Operation (1)
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Figure 10.26 shows an example of PWM mode 2 operation.
In this example, synchronous operation is designated for channels 0 and 1, TGR1B compare
match is set as the TCNT clearing source, and 0 is set for the initial output value and 1 for the
output value of the other TGR registers (TGR0A to TGR0D, TGR1A), to output a 5-phase PWM
waveform.
In this case, the value set in TGR1B is used as the period, and the values set in the other TGR
registers as the duty.
Counter cleared by TGR1B
compare match
TCNT value
TGR1B
TGR1A
TGR0D
TGR0C
TGR0B
TGR0A
H'0000
Time
TIOCA0
TIOCB0
TIOCC0
TIOCD0
TIOCA1
Figure 10.26 Example of PWM Mode Operation (2)
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Figure 10.27 shows examples of PWM waveform output with 0% duty and 100% duty in PWM
mode.
TCNT value
TGRB rewritten
TGRA
TGRB
TGRB
rewritten
TGRB rewritten
H'0000
Time
0% duty
TIOCA
Output does not change when period register and duty register
compare matches occur simultaneously
TCNT value
TGRB rewritten
TGRA
TGRB rewritten
TGRB rewritten
TGRB
H'0000
Time
100% duty
TIOCA
Output does not change when period register and duty
register compare matches occur simultaneously
TCNT value
TGRB rewritten
TGRA
TGRB rewritten
TGRB
TGRB rewritten
Time
H'0000
TIOCA
100% duty
0% duty
Figure 10.27 Examples of PWM Mode Operation (3)
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.4.7
Phase Counting Mode
In phase counting mode, the phase difference between two external clock inputs is detected and
TCNT is incremented/decremented accordingly. This mode can be set for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5.
When phase counting mode is set, an external clock is selected as the counter input clock and
TCNT operates as an up/down-counter regardless of the setting of bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 and bits
CKEG1 and CKEG0 in TCR. However, the functions of bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR, and of
TIOR, TIER, and TGR are valid, and input capture/compare match and interrupt functions can be
used.
When overflow occurs while TCNT is counting up, the TCFV flag in TSR is set; when underflow
occurs while TCNT is counting down, the TCFU flag is set.
The TCFD bit in TSR is the count direction flag. Reading the TCFD flag provides an indication of
whether TCNT is counting up or down.
Table 10.8 shows the correspondence between external clock pins and channels.
Table 10.8 Phase Counting Mode Clock Input Pins
External Clock Pins
Channels
A-Phase
B-Phase
When channel 1 or 5 is set to phase counting mode
TCLKA
TCLKB
When channel 2 or 4 is set to phase counting mode
TCLKC
TCLKD
Example of Phase Counting Mode Setting Procedure: Figure 10.28 shows an example of the
phase counting mode setting procedure.
[1] Select phase counting mode with bits MD3 to
MD0 in TMDR.
Phase counting mode
Select phase counting mode
[1]
Start count
[2]
[2] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to start the count
operation.
<Phase counting mode>
Figure 10.28 Example of Phase Counting Mode Setting Procedure
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Examples of Phase Counting Mode Operation: In phase counting mode, TCNT counts up or
down according to the phase difference between two external clocks. There are four modes,
according to the count conditions.
• Phase counting mode 1
Figure 10.29 shows an example of phase counting mode 1 operation, and table 10.9
summarizes the TCNT up/down-count conditions.
TCLKA (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (channels 2 and 4)
TCNT value
Up-count
Down-count
Time
Figure 10.29 Example of Phase Counting Mode 1 Operation
Table 10.9 Up/Down-Count Conditions in Phase Counting Mode 1
TCLKA (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (Channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (Channels 2 and 4)
High level
Operation
Up-count
Low level
Low level
High level
High level
Down-count
Low level
High level
Low level
Legend:
: Rising edge
: Falling edge
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Phase counting mode 2
Figure 10.30 shows an example of phase counting mode 2 operation, and table 10.10
summarizes the TCNT up/down-count conditions.
TCLKA (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (channels 2 and 4)
TCNT value
Up-count
Down-count
Time
Figure 10.30 Example of Phase Counting Mode 2 Operation
Table 10.10 Up/Down-Count Conditions in Phase Counting Mode 2
TCLKA (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (Channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (Channels 2 and 4)
High level
Operation
Don’t care
Low level
Low level
High level
High level
Up-count
Don’t care
Low level
High level
Low level
Legend:
: Rising edge
: Falling edge
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Down-count
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Phase counting mode 3
Figure 10.31 shows an example of phase counting mode 3 operation, and table 10.11
summarizes the TCNT up/down-count conditions.
TCLKA (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (channels 2 and 4)
TCNT value
Down-count
Up-count
Time
Figure 10.31 Example of Phase Counting Mode 3 Operation
Table 10.11 Up/Down-Count Conditions in Phase Counting Mode 3
TCLKA (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (Channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (Channels 2 and 4)
High level
Operation
Don’t care
Low level
Low level
High level
Up-count
High level
Down-count
Low level
Don’t care
High level
Low level
Legend:
: Rising edge
: Falling edge
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
• Phase counting mode 4
Figure 10.32 shows an example of phase counting mode 4 operation, and table 10.12
summarizes the TCNT up/down-count conditions.
TCLKA (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (channels 2 and 4)
TCNT value
Up-count
Down-count
Time
Figure 10.32 Example of Phase Counting Mode 4 Operation
Table 10.12 Up/Down-Count Conditions in Phase Counting Mode 4
TCLKA (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKC (Channels 2 and 4)
TCLKB (Channels 1 and 5)
TCLKD (Channels 2 and 4)
High level
Operation
Up-count
Low level
Low level
Don’t care
High level
High level
Down-count
Low level
High level
Low level
Legend:
: Rising edge
: Falling edge
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Don’t care
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Phase Counting Mode Application Example: Figure 10.33 shows an example in which phase
counting mode is designated for channel 1, and channel 1 is coupled with channel 0 to input servo
motor 2-phase encoder pulses in order to detect the position or speed.
Channel 1 is set to phase counting mode 1, and the encoder pulse A-phase and B-phase are input
to TCLKA and TCLKB.
Channel 0 operates with TCNT counter clearing by TGR0C compare match; TGR0A and TGR0C
are used for the compare match function, and are set with the speed control period and position
control period. TGR0B is used for input capture, with TGR0B and TGR0D operating in buffer
mode. The channel 1 counter input clock is designated as the TGR0B input capture source, and
detection of the pulse width of 2-phase encoder 4-multiplication pulses is performed.
TGR1A and TGR1B for channel 1 are designated for input capture, channel 0 TGR0A and
TGR0C compare matches are selected as the input capture source, and store the up/down-counter
values for the control periods.
This procedure enables accurate position/speed detection to be achieved.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Channel 1
TCLKA
TCLKB
Edge
detection
circuit
TCNT1
TGR1A
(speed period capture)
TGR1B
(position period capture)
TCNT0
+
TGR0A (speed control period)
TGR0C
(position control period)
–
+
–
TGR0B (pulse width capture)
TGR0D (buffer operation)
Channel 0
Figure 10.33 Phase Counting Mode Application Example
10.5
Interrupts
10.5.1
Interrupt Sources and Priorities
There are three kinds of TPU interrupt source: TGR input capture/compare match, TCNT
overflow, and TCNT underflow. Each interrupt source has its own status flag and enable/disable
bit, allowing generation of interrupt request signals to be enabled or disabled individually.
When an interrupt request is generated, the corresponding status flag in TSR is set to 1. If the
corresponding enable/disable bit in TIER is set to 1 at this time, an interrupt is requested. The
interrupt request is cleared by clearing the status flag to 0.
Relative channel priorities can be changed by the interrupt controller, but the priority order within
a channel is fixed. For details, see section 5, Interrupt Controller.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Table 10.13 lists the TPU interrupt sources.
Table 10.13 TPU Interrupts
Channel
Interrupt
Source
Description
DMAC*
Activation
DTC
Activation
Priority
0
TGI0A
TGR0A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
High
TGI0B
TGR0B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
TGI0C
TGR0C input capture/compare match Not possible
Possible
TGI0D
TGR0D input capture/compare match Not possible
Possible
TCI0V
TCNT0 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TGI1A
TGR1A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
TGI1B
TGR1B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
TCI1V
TCNT1 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TCI1U
TCNT1 underflow
Not possible
Not possible
TGI2A
TGR2A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
TGI2B
TGR2B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
1
2
3
4
5
TCI2V
TCNT2 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TCI2U
TCNT2 underflow
Not possible
Not possible
TGI3A
TGR3A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
TGI3B
TGR3B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
TGI3C
TGR3C input capture/compare match Not possible
Possible
TGI3D
TGR3D input capture/compare match Not possible
Possible
TCI3V
TCNT3 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TGI4A
TGR4A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
TGI4B
TGR4B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
TCI4V
TCNT4 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TCI4U
TCNT4 underflow
Not possible
Not possible
TGI5A
TGR5A input capture/compare match
Possible
Possible
TGI5B
TGR5B input capture/compare match
Not possible
Possible
TCI5V
TCNT5 overflow
Not possible
Not possible
TCI5U
TCNT5 underflow
Not possible
Not possible Low
Notes: This table shows the initial state immediately after a reset. The relative channel priorities
can be changed by the interrupt controller.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Input Capture/Compare Match Interrupt: An interrupt is requested if the TGIE bit in TIER is
set to 1 when the TGF flag in TSR is set to 1 by the occurrence of a TGR input capture/compare
match on a particular channel. The interrupt request is cleared by clearing the TGF flag to 0. The
TPU has 16 input capture/compare match interrupts, four each for channels 0 and 3, and two each
for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5.
Overflow Interrupt: An interrupt is requested if the TCIEV bit in TIER is set to 1 when the
TCFV flag in TSR is set to 1 by the occurrence of TCNT overflow on a channel. The interrupt
request is cleared by clearing the TCFV flag to 0. The TPU has six overflow interrupts, one for
each channel.
Underflow Interrupt: An interrupt is requested if the TCIEU bit in TIER is set to 1 when the
TCFU flag in TSR is set to 1 by the occurrence of TCNT underflow on a channel. The interrupt
request is cleared by clearing the TCFU flag to 0. The TPU has four underflow interrupts, one
each for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5.
10.5.2
DTC/DMAC* Activation
DTC Activation: The DTC can be activated by the TGR input capture/compare match interrupt
for a channel. For details, see section 8, Data Transfer Controller.
A total of 16 TPU input capture/compare match interrupts can be used as DTC activation sources,
four each for channels 0 and 3, and two each for channels 1, 2, 4, and 5.
DMAC* Activation: The DMAC can be activated by the TGRA input capture/compare match
interrupt for a channel. For details, see section 7, DMA Controller (Not Supported in the
H8S/2321).
In the TPU, a total of six TGRA input capture/compare match interrupts can be used as DMAC
activation sources, one for each channel.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
10.5.3
A/D Converter Activation
The A/D converter can be activated by the TGRA input capture/compare match for a channel.
If the TTGE bit in TIER is set to 1 when the TGFA flag in TSR is set to 1 by the occurrence of a
TGRA input capture/compare match on a particular channel, a request to start A/D conversion is
sent to the A/D converter. If the TPU conversion start trigger has been selected on the A/D
converter side at this time, A/D conversion is started.
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
In the TPU, a total of six TGRA input capture/compare match interrupts can be used as A/D
converter conversion start sources, one for each channel.
10.6
Operation Timing
10.6.1
Input/Output Timing
TCNT Count Timing: Figure 10.34 shows TCNT count timing in internal clock operation, and
figure 10.35 shows TCNT count timing in external clock operation.
φ
Internal clock
Falling edge
Rising edge
TCNT
input clock
TCNT
N–1
N
N+1
N+2
Figure 10.34 Count Timing in Internal Clock Operation
φ
External clock
Falling edge
Rising edge
Falling edge
TCNT
input clock
TCNT
N–1
N
N+1
N+2
Figure 10.35 Count Timing in External Clock Operation
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 513 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Output Compare Output Timing: A compare match signal is generated in the final state in
which TCNT and TGR match (the point at which the count value matched by TCNT is updated).
When a compare match signal is generated, the output value set in TIOR is output at the output
compare output pin. After a match between TCNT and TGR, the compare match signal is not
generated until the TCNT input clock is generated.
Figure 10.36 shows output compare output timing.
φ
TCNT
input clock
N
TCNT
N+1
N
TGR
Compare
match signal
TIOC pin
Figure 10.36 Output Compare Output Timing
Input Capture Signal Timing: Figure 10.37 shows input capture signal timing.
φ
Input capture
input
Input capture
signal
TCNT
N
N+1
N+2
N
TGR
Figure 10.37 Input Capture Input Signal Timing
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 514 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
N+2
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Timing for Counter Clearing by Compare Match/Input Capture: Figure 10.38 shows the
timing when counter clearing by compare match occurrence is specified, and figure 10.39 shows
the timing when counter clearing by input capture occurrence is specified.
φ
Compare
match signal
Counter
clear signal
TCNT
N
TGR
N
H'0000
Figure 10.38 Counter Clear Timing (Compare Match)
φ
Input capture
signal
Counter clear
signal
TCNT
TGR
N
H'0000
N
Figure 10.39 Counter Clear Timing (Input Capture)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 515 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Buffer Operation Timing: Figures 10.40 and 10.41 show the timing in buffer operation.
φ
TCNT
n
n+1
Compare
match signal
TGRA,
TGRB
n
TGRC,
TGRD
N
N
Figure 10.40 Buffer Operation Timing (Compare Match)
φ
Input capture
signal
TCNT
N
TGRA,
TGRB
n
TGRC,
TGRD
N+1
N
N+1
n
N
Figure 10.41 Buffer Operation Timing (Input Capture)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 516 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.6.2
Interrupt Signal Timing
TGF Flag Setting Timing in Case of Compare Match: Figure 10.42 shows the timing for
setting of the TGF flag in TSR by compare match occurrence, and TGI interrupt request signal
timing.
φ
TCNT input
clock
TCNT
N
TGR
N
N+1
Compare
match signal
TGF flag
TGI interrupt
Figure 10.42 TGI Interrupt Timing (Compare Match)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 517 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
TGF Flag Setting Timing in Case of Input Capture: Figure 10.43 shows the timing for setting
of the TGF flag in TSR by input capture occurrence, and TGI interrupt request signal timing.
φ
Input capture
signal
TCNT
N
TGR
N
TGF flag
TGI interrupt
Figure 10.43 TGI Interrupt Timing (Input Capture)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 518 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
TCFV Flag/TCFU Flag Setting Timing: Figure 10.44 shows the timing for setting of the TCFV
flag in TSR by overflow occurrence, and TCIV interrupt request signal timing.
Figure 10.45 shows the timing for setting of the TCFU flag in TSR by underflow occurrence, and
TCIU interrupt request signal timing.
φ
TCNT input
clock
TCNT
(overflow)
H'FFFF
H'0000
Overflow
signal
TCFV flag
TCIV interrupt
Figure 10.44 TCIV Interrupt Setting Timing
φ
TCNT
input clock
TCNT
(underflow)
H'0000
H'FFFF
Underflow signal
TCFU flag
TCIU interrupt
Figure 10.45 TCIU Interrupt Setting Timing
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 519 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Status Flag Clearing Timing: After a status flag is read as 1 by the CPU, it is cleared by writing
0 to it. When the DTC or DMAC* is activated, the flag is cleared automatically. Figure 10.46
shows the timing for status flag clearing by the CPU, and figure 10.47 shows the timing for status
flag clearing by the DTC or DMAC*.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
TSR write cycle
T2
T1
φ
TSR address
Address
Write signal
Status flag
Interrupt
request
signal
Figure 10.46 Timing for Status Flag Clearing by CPU
DTC/DMAC*
read cycle
DTC/DMAC*
write cycle
T1
T1
T2
T2
φ
Address
Source address
Destination
address
Status flag
Interrupt
request
signal
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 10.47 Timing for Status Flag Clearing by DTC/DMAC Activation
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
10.7
Usage Notes
Note that the kinds of operation and contention described below can occur during TPU operation.
Input Clock Restrictions: The input clock pulse width must be at least 1.5 states in the case of
single-edge detection, and at least 2.5 states in the case of both-edge detection. The TPU will not
operate properly with a narrower pulse width.
In phase counting mode, the phase difference and overlap between the two input clocks must be at
least 1.5 states, and the pulse width must be at least 2.5 states. Figure 10.48 shows the input clock
conditions in phase counting mode.
Overlap
Phase
Phase
differdifference Overlap ence
Pulse width
Pulse width
TCLKA
(TCLKC)
TCLKB
(TCLKD)
Pulse width
Pulse width
Notes: Phase difference and overlap : 1.5 states or more
: 2.5 states or more
Pulse width
Figure 10.48 Phase Difference, Overlap, and Pulse Width in Phase Counting Mode
Caution on Period Setting: When counter clearing by compare match is set, TCNT is cleared in
the final state in which it matches the TGR value (the point at which the count value matched by
TCNT is updated). Consequently, the actual counter frequency is given by the following formula:
f=
φ
(N + 1)
Where
f : Counter frequency
φ : Operating frequency
N : TGR set value
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 521 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TCNT Write and Clear Operations: If the counter clear signal is
generated in the T2 state of a TCNT write cycle, TCNT clearing takes precedence and the TCNT
write is not performed.
Figure 10.49 shows the timing in this case.
TCNT write cycle
T2
T1
φ
TCNT address
Address
Write signal
Counter clear
signal
N
TCNT
H'0000
Figure 10.49 Contention between TCNT Write and Clear Operations
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 522 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TCNT Write and Increment Operations: If incrementing occurs in the T2
state of a TCNT write cycle, the TCNT write takes precedence and TCNT is not incremented.
Figure 10.50 shows the timing in this case.
TCNT write cycle
T1
T2
φ
TCNT address
Address
Write signal
TCNT input
clock
TCNT
N
M
TCNT write data
Figure 10.50 Contention between TCNT Write and Increment Operations
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TGR Write and Compare Match: If a compare match occurs in the T2
state of a TGR write cycle, the TGR write takes precedence and the compare match signal is
inhibited. A compare match does not occur even if the same value as before is written.
Figure 10.51 shows the timing in this case.
TGR write cycle
T2
T1
φ
TGR address
Address
Write signal
Compare
match signal
Inhibited
TCNT
N
N+1
TGR
N
M
TGR write data
Figure 10.51 Contention between TGR Write and Compare Match
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between Buffer Register Write and Compare Match: If a compare match occurs in
the T2 state of a TGR write cycle, the data transferred to TGR by the buffer operation will be the
data prior to the write.
Figure 10.52 shows the timing in this case.
TGR write cycle
T1
T2
φ
Buffer register
address
Address
Write signal
Compare
match signal
Buffer register write data
Buffer
register
TGR
N
M
N
Figure 10.52 Contention between Buffer Register Write and Compare Match
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 525 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TGR Read and Input Capture: If the input capture signal is generated in
the T1 state of a TGR read cycle, the data that is read will be the data after input capture transfer.
Figure 10.53 shows the timing in this case.
TGR read cycle
T2
T1
φ
TGR address
Address
Read signal
Input capture
signal
TGR
X
M
M
Internal
data bus
Figure 10.53 Contention between TGR Read and Input Capture
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 526 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TGR Write and Input Capture: If the input capture signal is generated in
the T2 state of a TGR write cycle, the input capture operation takes precedence and the write to
TGR is not performed.
Figure 10.54 shows the timing in this case.
TGR write cycle
T2
T1
φ
TGR address
Address
Write signal
Input capture
signal
TCNT
TGR
M
M
Figure 10.54 Contention between TGR Write and Input Capture
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 527 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between Buffer Register Write and Input Capture: If the input capture signal is
generated in the T2 state of a buffer write cycle, the buffer operation takes precedence and the
write to the buffer register is not performed.
Figure 10.55 shows the timing in this case.
Buffer register write cycle
T1
T2
φ
Buffer register
address
Address
Write signal
Input capture
signal
TCNT
TGR
Buffer
register
N
M
N
M
Figure 10.55 Contention between Buffer Register Write and Input Capture
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 528 of 1268
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Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between Overflow/Underflow and Counter Clearing: If overflow/underflow and
counter clearing occur simultaneously, the TCFV/TCFU flag in TSR is not set and TCNT clearing
takes precedence.
Figure 10.56 shows the operation timing when a TGR compare match is specified as the clearing
source, and H'FFFF is set in TGR.
φ
TCNT input
clock
TCNT
H'FFFF
H'0000
Counter
clear signal
TGF
Prohibited
TCFV flag
Figure 10.56 Contention between Overflow and Counter Clearing
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 529 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 10 16-Bit Timer Pulse Unit (TPU)
Contention between TCNT Write and Overflow/Underflow: If there is an up-count or downcount in the T2 state of a TCNT write cycle, and overflow/underflow occurs, the TCNT write takes
precedence and the TCFV/TCFU flag in TSR is not set.
Figure 10.57 shows the operation timing when there is contention between TCNT write and
overflow.
TCNT write cycle
T2
T1
φ
TCNT address
Address
Write signal
TCNT
TCNT write data
H'FFFF
M
Prohibited
TCFV flag
Figure 10.57 Contention between TCNT Write and Overflow
Multiplexing of I/O Pins: In the chip, the TCLKA input pin is multiplexed with the TIOCC0 I/O
pin, the TCLKB input pin with the TIOCD0 I/O pin, the TCLKC input pin with the TIOCB1 I/O
pin, and the TCLKD input pin with the TIOCB2 I/O pin. When an external clock is input,
compare match output should not be performed from a multiplexed pin.
Interrupts and Module Stop Mode: If module stop mode is entered when an interrupt has been
requested, it will not be possible to clear the CPU interrupt source or the DMAC* or DTC
activation source. Interrupts should therefore be disabled before entering module stop mode.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 530 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.1
Overview
The chip has a built-in programmable pulse generator (PPG) that provides pulse outputs by using
the 16-bit timer-pulse unit (TPU) as a time base. The PPG pulse outputs are divided into 4-bit
groups (group 3 to group 0) that can operate both simultaneously and independently.
11.1.1
Features
PPG features are listed below.
• 16-bit output data
⎯ Maximum 16-bit data can be output, and output can be enabled on a bit-by-bit basis
• Four output groups
⎯ Output trigger signals can be selected in 4-bit groups to provide up to four different 4-bit
outputs
• Selectable output trigger signals
⎯ Output trigger signals can be selected for each group from the compare match signals of
four TPU channels
• Non-overlap mode
⎯ A non-overlap margin can be provided between pulse outputs
• Can operate together with the data transfer controller (DTC) and DMA controller (DMAC)*
⎯ The compare match signals selected as output trigger signals can activate the DTC or
DMAC for sequential output of data without CPU intervention
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
• Inverted output can be set
⎯ Inverted data can be output for each group
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ As the initial setting, PPG operation is halted. Register access is enabled by exiting module
stop mode
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 11.1 shows a block diagram of the PPG.
Compare match signals
Control logic
PO15
PO14
PO13
PO12
PO11
PO10
PO9
PO8
PO7
PO6
PO5
PO4
PO3
PO2
PO1
PO0
Legend:
PMR:
PCR:
NDERH:
NDERL:
NDRH:
NDRL:
PODRH:
PODRL:
NDERH
NDERL
PMR
PCR
Pulse output
pins, group 3
PODRH
NDRH
PODRL
NDRL
Pulse output
pins, group 2
Pulse output
pins, group 1
Pulse output
pins, group 0
PPG output mode register
PPG output control register
Next data enable register H
Next data enable register L
Next data register H
Next data register L
Output data register H
Output data register L
Figure 11.1 Block Diagram of PPG
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 532 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Internal
data bus
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 11.1 summarizes the PPG pins.
Table 11.1 PPG Pins
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Pulse output 0
PO0
Output
Group 0 pulse output
Pulse output 1
PO1
Output
Pulse output 2
PO2
Output
Pulse output 3
PO3
Output
Pulse output 4
PO4
Output
Pulse output 5
PO5
Output
Pulse output 6
PO6
Output
Pulse output 7
PO7
Output
Pulse output 8
PO8
Output
Pulse output 9
PO9
Output
Pulse output 10
PO10
Output
Pulse output 11
PO11
Output
Pulse output 12
PO12
Output
Pulse output 13
PO13
Output
Pulse output 14
PO14
Output
Pulse output 15
PO15
Output
Group 1 pulse output
Group 2 pulse output
Group 3 pulse output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 533 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.1.4
Registers
Table 11.2 summarizes the PPG registers.
Table 11.2 PPG Registers
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
PPG output control register
PCR
R/W
H'FF
H'FF46
PPG output mode register
PMR
R/W
H'F0
H'FF47
Next data enable register H
NDERH
R/W
H'00
H'FF48
Next data enable register L
NDERL
R/W
H'00
H'FF49
PODRH
2
R/(W)*
H'00
H'FF4A
Output data register L
PODRL
2
R/(W) *
H'00
H'FF4B
Next data register H
NDRH
R/W
H'00
H'FF4C/
3
H'FF4E*
Next data register L
NDRL
R/W
H'00
H'FF4D/
3
H'FF4F*
Port 1 data direction register
P1DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB0
Port 2 data direction register
P2DDR
W
H'00
H'FEB1
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Output data register H
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Bits used for pulse output cannot be written to.
3. When the same output trigger is selected for pulse output groups 2 and 3 by the PCR
setting, the NDRH address is H'FF4C. When the output triggers are different, the NDRH
address is H'FF4E for group 2 and H'FF4C for group 3.
Similarly, when the same output trigger is selected for pulse output groups 0 and 1 by
the PCR setting, the NDRL address is H'FF4D. When the output triggers are different,
the NDRL address is H'FF4F for group 0 and H'FF4D for group 1.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 534 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.2
Register Descriptions
11.2.1
Next Data Enable Registers H and L (NDERH, NDERL)
NDERH
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
NDER15 NDER14 NDER13 NDER12 NDER11 NDER10 NDER9
Initial value :
R/W
0
NDER8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NDER7
NDER6
NDER5
NDER4
NDER3
NDER2
NDER1
NDER0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
NDERL
Bit
Initial value :
R/W
:
NDERH and NDERL are 8-bit readable/writable registers that enable or disable pulse output on a
bit-by-bit basis.
If a bit is enabled for pulse output by NDERH or NDERL, the NDR value is automatically
transferred to the corresponding PODR bit when the TPU compare match event specified by PCR
occurs, updating the output value. If pulse output is disabled, the bit value is not transferred from
NDR to PODR and the output value does not change.
NDERH and NDERL are each initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. They
are not initialized in software standby mode.
NDERH Bits 7 to 0—Next Data Enable 15 to 8 (NDER15 to NDER8): These bits enable or
disable pulse output on a bit-by-bit basis.
Bits 7 to 0
NDER15 to NDER8
Description
0
Pulse outputs PO15 to PO8 are disabled (NDR15 to NDR8 are not
transferred to POD15 to POD8)
(Initial value)
1
Pulse outputs PO15 to PO8 are enabled (NDR15 to NDR8 are transferred
to POD15 to POD8)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 535 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
NDERL Bits 7 to 0—Next Data Enable 7 to 0 (NDER7 to NDER0): These bits enable or
disable pulse output on a bit-by-bit basis.
Bits 7 to 0
NDER7 to NDER0
Description
0
Pulse outputs PO7 to PO0 are disabled (NDR7 to NDR0 are not
transferred to POD7 to POD0)
(Initial value)
1
Pulse outputs PO7 to PO0 are enabled (NDR7 to NDR0 are transferred to
POD7 to POD0)
11.2.2
Output Data Registers H and L (PODRH, PODRL)
PODRH
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POD15
POD14
POD13
POD12
POD11
POD10
POD9
POD8
:
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
0
R/(W)*
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POD7
POD6
POD5
POD4
POD3
POD2
POD1
POD0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
Initial value :
R/W
PODRL
Bit
Initial value :
R/W
:
Note: * A bit that has been set for pulse output by NDER is read-only.
PODRH and PODRL are 8-bit readable/writable registers that store output data for use in pulse
output.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 536 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.2.3
Next Data Registers H and L (NDRH, NDRL)
NDRH and NDRL are 8-bit readable/writable registers that store the next data for pulse output.
During pulse output, the contents of NDRH and NDRL are transferred to the corresponding bits in
PODRH and PODRL when the TPU compare match event specified by PCR occurs. The NDRH
and NDRL addresses differ depending on whether pulse output groups have the same output
trigger or different output triggers. For details see section 11.2.4, Notes on NDR Access.
NDRH and NDRL are each initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. They are
not initialized in software standby mode.
11.2.4
Notes on NDR Access
The NDRH and NDRL addresses differ depending on whether pulse output groups have the same
output trigger or different output triggers.
Same Trigger for Pulse Output Groups: If pulse output groups 2 and 3 are triggered by the
same compare match event, the NDRH address is H'FF4C. The upper 4 bits belong to group 3 and
the lower 4 bits to group 2. Address H'FF4E consists entirely of reserved bits that cannot be
modified and are always read as 1.
Address H'FF4C
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NDR15
NDR14
NDR13
NDR12
NDR11
NDR10
NDR9
NDR8
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
R/W
:
Address H'FF4E
Bit
:
:
If pulse output groups 0 and 1 are triggered by the same compare match event, the NDRL address
is H'FF4D. The upper 4 bits belong to group 1 and the lower 4 bits to group 0. Address H'FF4F
consists entirely of reserved bits that cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 537 of 1268
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Address H'FF4D
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NDR7
NDR6
NDR5
NDR4
NDR3
NDR2
NDR1
NDR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
R/W
:
Address H'FF4F
Bit
:
:
Different Triggers for Pulse Output Groups: If pulse output groups 2 and 3 are triggered by
different compare match events, the address of the upper 4 bits in NDRH (group 3) is H'FF4C and
the address of the lower 4 bits (group 2) is H'FF4E. Bits 3 to 0 of address H'FF4C and bits 7 to 4
of address H'FF4E are reserved bits that cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Address H'FF4C
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NDR15
NDR14
NDR13
NDR12
—
—
—
—
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
NDR11
NDR10
NDR9
NDR8
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
:
Address H'FF4E
Bit
:
:
If pulse output groups 0 and 1 are triggered by different compare match event, the address of the
upper 4 bits in NDRL (group 1) is H'FF4D and the address of the lower 4 bits (group 0) is H'FF4F.
Bits 3 to 0 of address H'FF4D and bits 7 to 4 of address H'FF4F are reserved bits that cannot be
modified and are always read as 1.
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Address H'FF4D
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
NDR7
NDR6
NDR5
NDR4
—
—
—
—
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
NDR3
NDR2
NDR1
NDR0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
R/W
:
Address H'FF4F
Bit
11.2.5
Bit
:
:
PPG Output Control Register (PCR)
:
7
6
5
G3CMS1 G3CMS0 G2CMS1 G2CMS0 G1CMS1 G1CMS0 G0CMS1 G0CMS0
Initial value :
R/W
:
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects output trigger signals for PPG outputs on a
group-by-group basis.
PCR is initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in software
standby mode.
Bits 7 and 6—Group 3 Compare Match Select 1 and 0 (G3CMS1, G3CMS0): These bits
select the compare match that triggers pulse output group 3 (pins PO15 to PO12).
Description
Bit 7
G3CMS1
0
1
Bit 6
G3CMS0
Output Trigger for Pulse Output Group 3
0
Compare match in TPU channel 0
1
Compare match in TPU channel 1
0
Compare match in TPU channel 2
1
Compare match in TPU channel 3
(Initial value)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Bits 5 and 4—Group 2 Compare Match Select 1 and 0 (G2CMS1, G2CMS0): These bits
select the compare match that triggers pulse output group 2 (pins PO11 to PO8).
Description
Bit 5
G2CMS1
0
1
Bit 4
G2CMS0
Output Trigger for Pulse Output Group 2
0
Compare match in TPU channel 0
1
Compare match in TPU channel 1
0
Compare match in TPU channel 2
1
Compare match in TPU channel 3
(Initial value)
Bits 3 and 2—Group 1 Compare Match Select 1 and 0 (G1CMS1, G1CMS0): These bits
select the compare match that triggers pulse output group 1 (pins PO7 to PO4).
Description
Bit 3
G1CMS1
Bit 2
G1CMS0
Output Trigger for Pulse Output Group 1
0
0
Compare match in TPU channel 0
1
Compare match in TPU channel 1
0
Compare match in TPU channel 2
1
Compare match in TPU channel 3
1
(Initial value)
Bits 1 and 0—Group 0 Compare Match Select 1 and 0 (G0CMS1, G0CMS0): These bits
select the compare match that triggers pulse output group 0 (pins PO3 to PO0).
Description
Bit 1
G0CMS1
Bit 0
G0CMS0
Output Trigger for Pulse Output Group 0
0
0
Compare match in TPU channel 0
1
Compare match in TPU channel 1
0
Compare match in TPU channel 2
1
Compare match in TPU channel 3
1
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(Initial value)
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.2.6
Bit
PPG Output Mode Register (PMR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
G3INV
G2INV
G1INV
G0INV
G3NOV
G2NOV
G1NOV
G0NOV
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
PMR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects pulse output inversion and non-overlapping
operation for each group.
The output trigger period of a non-overlapping operation PPG output waveform is set in TGRB
and the non-overlap margin is set in TGRA. The output values change at compare match A and B.
For details, see section 11.3.4, Non-Overlapping Pulse Output.
PMR is initialized to H'F0 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 7—Group 3 Inversion (G3INV): Selects direct output or inverted output for pulse output
group 3 (pins PO15 to PO12).
Bit 7
G3INV
Description
0
Inverted output for pulse output group 3 (low-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRH)
1
Direct output for pulse output group 3 (high-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRH)
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Group 2 Inversion (G2INV): Selects direct output or inverted output for pulse output
group 2 (pins PO11 to PO8).
Bit 6
G2INV
Description
0
Inverted output for pulse output group 2 (low-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRH)
1
Direct output for pulse output group 2 (high-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRH)
(Initial value)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Bit 5—Group 1 Inversion (G1INV): Selects direct output or inverted output for pulse output
group 1 (pins PO7 to PO4).
Bit 5
G1INV
Description
0
Inverted output for pulse output group 1 (low-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRL)
1
Direct output for pulse output group 1 (high-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRL)
(Initial value)
Bit 4—Group 0 Inversion (G0INV): Selects direct output or inverted output for pulse output
group 0 (pins PO3 to PO0).
Bit 4
G0INV
Description
0
Inverted output for pulse output group 0 (low-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRL)
1
Direct output for pulse output group 0 (high-level output at pin for a 1 in PODRL)
(Initial value)
Bit 3—Group 3 Non-Overlap (G3NOV): Selects normal or non-overlapping operation for pulse
output group 3 (pins PO15 to PO12).
Bit 3
G3NOV
Description
0
Normal operation in pulse output group 3 (output values updated at compare match A
in the selected TPU channel)
(Initial value)
1
Non-overlapping operation in pulse output group 3 (independent 1 and 0 output at
compare match A or B in the selected TPU channel)
Bit 2—Group 2 Non-Overlap (G2NOV): Selects normal or non-overlapping operation for pulse
output group 2 (pins PO11 to PO8).
Bit 2
G2NOV
Description
0
Normal operation in pulse output group 2 (output values updated at compare match A
in the selected TPU channel)
(Initial value)
1
Non-overlapping operation in pulse output group 2 (independent 1 and 0 output at
compare match A or B in the selected TPU channel)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Bit 1—Group 1 Non-Overlap (G1NOV): Selects normal or non-overlapping operation for pulse
output group 1 (pins PO7 to PO4).
Bit 1
G1NOV
Description
0
Normal operation in pulse output group 1 (output values updated at compare match A
in the selected TPU channel)
(Initial value)
1
Non-overlapping operation in pulse output group 1 (independent 1 and 0 output at
compare match A or B in the selected TPU channel)
Bit 0—Group 0 Non-Overlap (G0NOV): Selects normal or non-overlapping operation for pulse
output group 0 (pins PO3 to PO0).
Bit 0
G0NOV
Description
0
Normal operation in pulse output group 0 (output values updated at compare match A
in the selected TPU channel)
(Initial value)
1
Non-overlapping operation in pulse output group 0 (independent 1 and 0 output at
compare match A or B in the selected TPU channel)
11.2.7
Bit
Port 1 Data Direction Register (P1DDR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P17DDR P16DDR P15DDR P14DDR P13DDR P12DDR P11DDR P10DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
P1DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 1.
Port 1 is multiplexed with pins PO15 to PO8. Bits corresponding to pins used for PPG output must
be set to 1. For further information about P1DDR, see section 9, I/O Port.
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.2.8
Bit
Port 2 Data Direction Register (P2DDR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P27DDR P26DDR P25DDR P24DDR P23DDR P22DDR P21DDR P20DDR
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
:
P2DDR is an 8-bit write-only register, the individual bits of which specify input or output for the
pins of port 2.
Port 2 is multiplexed with pins PO7 to PO0. Bits corresponding to pins used for PPG output must
be set to 1. For further information about P2DDR, see section 9, I/O Port.
11.2.9
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP11 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, PPG operation stops at the end of the bus cycle and
a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to in module stop
mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 11—Module Stop (MSTP11): Specifies the PPG module stop mode.
Bit 11
MSTP11
Description
0
PPG module stop mode cleared
1
PPG module stop mode set
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(Initial value)
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3
Operation
11.3.1
Overview
PPG pulse output is enabled when the corresponding bits in P1DDR, P2DDR, and NDER are set
to 1. In this state the corresponding PODR contents are output.
When the compare match event specified by PCR occurs, the corresponding NDR bit contents are
transferred to PODR to update the output values.
Figure 11.2 illustrates the PPG output operation and table 11.3 summarizes the PPG operating
conditions.
DDR
NDER
Q
Q
Output trigger signal
C
Q PODR D
Q NDR D
Internal data bus
Pulse output pin
Normal output/inverted output
Figure 11.2 PPG Output Operation
Table 11.3 PPG Operating Conditions
NDER
DDR
Pin Function
0
0
Generic input port
1
Generic output port
1
0
Generic input port (but the PODR bit is a read-only bit, and when
compare match occurs, the NDR bit value is transferred to the PODR bit)
1
PPG pulse output
Sequential output of data of up to 16 bits is possible by writing new output data to NDR before
the next compare match. For details of non-overlapping operation, see section 11.3.4, NonOverlapping Pulse Output.
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3.2
Output Timing
If pulse output is enabled, NDR contents are transferred to PODR and output when the specified
compare match event occurs. Figure 11.3 shows the timing of these operations for the case of
normal output in groups 2 and 3, triggered by compare match A.
φ
N
TCNT
TGRA
N+1
N
Compare match
A signal
n
NDRH
PODRH
m
PO8 to PO15
n
m
n
Figure 11.3 Timing of Transfer and Output of NDR Contents (Example)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3.3
Normal Pulse Output
Sample Setup Procedure for Normal Pulse Output: Figure 11.4 shows a sample procedure for
setting up normal pulse output.
Normal PPG output
Select TGR functions
[1]
Set TGRA value
[2]
Set counting operation
[3]
Select interrupt request
[4]
Set initial output data
[5]
Enable pulse output
[6]
Select output trigger
[7]
[1] Set TIOR to make TGRA an output
compare register (with output
disabled).
[2] Set the PPG output trigger period.
TPU setup
Port and
PPG setup
TPU setup
Set next pulse
output data
[8]
Start count
[9]
Compare match?
No
[3] Select the counter clock source
with bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR.
Select the counter clear source
with bits CCLR1 and CCLR0.
[4] Enable the TGIA interrupt in TIER.
The DTC or DMAC* can also be
set up to transfer data to NDR.
[5] Set the initial output values in
PODR.
[6] Set the DDR and NDER bits for the
pins to be used for pulse output to 1.
[7] Select the TPU compare match
event to be used as the output
trigger in PCR.
[8] Set the next pulse output values in
NDR.
Yes
Set next pulse
output data
[10]
[9] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to
start the TCNT counter.
[10] At each TGIA interrupt, set the next
output values in NDR.
Note:* The DMAC is not supported in
the H8S/2321.
Figure 11.4 Setup Procedure for Normal Pulse Output (Example)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Example of Normal Pulse Output (Example of Five-Phase Pulse Output): Figure 11.5 shows
an example in which pulse output is used for cyclic five-phase pulse output.
TCNT value
Compare match
TCNT
TGRA
H'0000
Time
80
NDRH
PODRH
00
C0
80
40
C0
60
40
20
60
30
20
10
30
18
10
08
18
88
08
80
88
C0
80
40
C0
PO15
PO14
PO13
PO12
PO11
Figure 11.5 Normal Pulse Output Example (Five-Phase Pulse Output)
[1] Set up the TPU channel to be used as the output trigger channel so that TGRA is an output
compare register and the counter will be cleared by compare match A. Set the trigger period in
TGRA and set the TGIEA bit in TIER to 1 to enable the compare match A (TGIA) interrupt.
[2] Write H'F8 in P1DDR and NDERH, and set the G3CMS1, G3CMS0, G2CMS1, and G2CMS0
bits in PCR to select compare match in the TPU channel set up in the previous step to be the
output trigger. Write output data H'80 in NDRH.
[3] The timer counter in the TPU channel starts. When compare match A occurs, the NDRH
contents are transferred to PODRH and output. The TGIA interrupt handling routine writes the
next output data (H'C0) in NDRH.
[4] Five-phase overlapping pulse output (one or two phases active at a time) can be obtained
subsequently by writing H'40, H'60, H'20, H'30. H'10, H'18, H'08, H'88... at successive TGIA
interrupts. If the DTC or DMAC* is set for activation by this interrupt, pulse output can be
obtained without imposing a load on the CPU.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3.4
Non-Overlapping Pulse Output
Sample Setup Procedure for Non-Overlapping Pulse Output: Figure 11.6 shows a sample
procedure for setting up non-overlapping pulse output.
[1] Set TIOR to make TGRA and
TGRB an output compare registers
(with output disabled).
Non-overlapping
PPG output
Select TGR functions
[1]
Set TGR values
[2]
Set counting operation
[3]
Select interrupt request
[4]
Set initial output data
[5]
TPU setup
PPG setup
TPU setup
Enable pulse output
[6]
Select output trigger
[7]
Set non-overlapping groups
[8]
Set next pulse
output data
[9]
Start count
[10]
Compare match?
No
[3] Select the counter clock source
with bits TPSC2 to TPSC0 in TCR.
Select the counter clear source
with bits CCLR1 and CCLR0.
[4] Enable the TGIA interrupt in TIER.
The DTC or DMAC* can also be
set up to transfer data to NDR.
[5] Set the initial output values in
PODR.
[6] Set the DDR and NDER bits for the
pins to be used for pulse output to
1.
[7] Select the TPU compare match
event to be used as the pulse
output trigger in PCR.
[8] In PMR, select the groups that will
operate in non-overlap mode.
Yes
Set next pulse
output data
[2] Set the pulse output trigger period
in TGRB and the non-overlap
margin in TGRA.
[11]
[9] Set the next pulse output values in
NDR.
[10] Set the CST bit in TSTR to 1 to
start the TCNT counter.
[11] At each TGIA interrupt, set the next
output values in NDR.
Note:* The DMAC is not supported in
the H8S/2321.
Figure 11.6 Setup Procedure for Non-Overlapping Pulse Output (Example)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Example of Non-Overlapping Pulse Output (Example of Four-Phase Complementary NonOverlapping Output): Figure 11.7 shows an example in which pulse output is used for fourphase complementary non-overlapping pulse output.
TCNT value
TGRB
TCNT
TGRA
H'0000
NDRH
PODRH
Time
95
00
65
95
59
05
65
56
41
59
95
50
56
65
14
95
05
65
Non-overlap margin
PO15
PO14
PO13
PO12
PO11
PO10
PO9
PO8
Figure 11.7 Non-Overlapping Pulse Output Example (Four-Phase Complementary)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
[1] Set up the TPU channel to be used as the output trigger channel so that TGRA and TGRB are
output compare registers. Set the trigger period in TGRB and the non-overlap margin in
TGRA, and set the counter to be cleared by compare match B. Set the TGIEA bit in TIER to 1
to enable the TGIA interrupt.
[2] Write H'FF in P1DDR and NDERH, and set the G3CMS1, G3CMS0, G2CMS1, and G2CMS0
bits in PCR to select compare match in the TPU channel set up in the previous step to be the
output trigger. Set the G3NOV and G2NOV bits in PMR to 1 to select non-overlapping output.
Write output data H'95 in NDRH.
[3] The timer counter in the TPU channel starts. When a compare match with TGRB occurs,
outputs change from 1 to 0. When a compare match with TGRA occurs, outputs change from 0
to 1 (the change from 0 to 1 is delayed by the value set in TGRA). The TGIA interrupt
handling routine writes the next output data (H'65) in NDRH.
[4] Four-phase complementary non-overlapping pulse output can be obtained subsequently by
writing H'59, H'56, H'95... at successive TGIA interrupts. If the DTC or DMAC* is set for
activation by this interrupt, pulse output can be obtained without imposing a load on the CPU.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3.5
Inverted Pulse Output
If the G3INV, G2INV, G1INV, and G0INV bits in PMR are cleared to 0, values that are the
inverse of the PODR contents can be output.
Figure 11.8 shows the outputs when G3INV and G2INV are cleared to 0, in addition to the
settings of figure 11.7.
TCNT value
TGRB
TCNT
TGRA
H'0000
NDRH
PODRL
Time
95
00
65
95
59
05
65
56
41
59
95
50
56
65
14
95
05
PO15
PO14
PO13
PO12
PO11
PO10
PO9
PO8
Figure 11.8 Inverted Pulse Output (Example)
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65
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.3.6
Pulse Output Triggered by Input Capture
Pulse output can be triggered by TPU input capture as well as by compare match. If TGRA
functions as an input capture register in the TPU channel selected by PCR, pulse output will be
triggered by the input capture signal.
Figure 11.9 shows the timing of this output.
φ
TIOC pin
Input capture
signal
NDR
N
PODR
M
PO
M
N
N
Figure 11.9 Pulse Output Triggered by Input Capture (Example)
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
11.4
Usage Notes
11.4.1
Operation of Pulse Output Pins
Pins PO0 to PO15 are also used for other supporting functions such as the TPU. When output by
another supporting function is enabled, the corresponding pins cannot be used for pulse output.
Note, however, that data transfer from NDR bits to PODR bits takes place, regardless of the usage
of the pins.
Pin functions should be changed only under conditions in which the output trigger event will not
occur.
11.4.2
Note on Non-Overlapping Output
During non-overlapping operation, the transfer of NDR bit values to PODR bits takes place as
follows.
• NDR bits are always transferred to PODR bits at compare match A.
• At compare match B, NDR bits are transferred only if their value is 0. Bits are not transferred
if their value is 1.
Figure 11.10 illustrates the non-overlapping pulse output operation.
DDR
NDER
Q
Compare match A
Compare match B
Pulse
output
pin
C
Q PODR D
Q NDR D
Normal output/inverted output
Figure 11.10 Non-Overlapping Pulse Output
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Internal data bus
Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
Therefore, 0 data can be transferred ahead of 1 data by making compare match B occur before
compare match A. The NDR contents should not be altered during the interval from compare
match B to compare match A (the non-overlap margin).
This can be accomplished by having the TGIA interrupt handling routine write the next data in
NDR, or by having the TGIA interrupt activate the DTC or DMAC*. Note, however, that the next
data must be written before the next compare match B occurs.
Figure 11.11 shows the timing of this operation.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Compare match A
Compare match B
Write to NDR
Write to NDR
NDR
PODR
0 output
0/1 output
0 output 0/1 output
Write to NDR
Do not write here
to NDR here
Write to NDR
Do not write here
to NDR here
Figure 11.11 Non-Overlapping Operation and NDR Write Timing
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Section 11 Programmable Pulse Generator (PPG)
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.1
Overview
The chip includes an 8-bit timer module with two channels (TMR0 and TMR1). Each channel has
an 8-bit counter (TCNT) and two time constant registers (TCORA and TCORB) that are
constantly compared with the TCNT value to detect compare match events. The 8-bit timer
module can thus be used for a variety of functions, including pulse output with an arbitrary duty
cycle.
12.1.1
Features
The features of the 8-bit timer module are listed below.
• Seleyction of four clock sources
The counters can be driven by one of three internal clock signals (φ/8, φ/64, or φ/8192) or an
external clock input (enabling use as an external event counter)
• Seleyction of three ways to clear the counters
The counters can be cleared on compare match A or B, or by an external reset signal
• Timyer output control by a combination of two compare match signals
The timer output signal in each channel is controlled by a combination of two independent
compare match signals, enabling the timer to generate output waveforms with an arbitrary duty
cycle or PWM output
• Provision for cascading of two channels
⎯ Operation as a 16-bit timer is possible, using channel 0 for the upper 8 bits and channel 1
for the lower 8 bits (16-bit count mode)
⎯ Channel 1 can be used to count channel 0 compare matches (compare match count mode)
• Three independent interrupts
Compare match A and B and overflow interrupts can be requested independently
• A/D converter conversion start trigger can be generated
Channel 0 compare match A signal can be used as an A/D converter conversion start trigger
• Module stop mode can be set
As the initial setting, 8-bit timer operation is halted. Register access is enabled by exiting
module stop mode
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 557 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 12.1 shows a block diagram of the 8-bit timer module.
External clock source
TMCI0
TMCI1
Clock select
Internal clock sources
φ/8
φ/64
φ/8192
Clock 1
Clock 0
TCORA0
Compare match A1
Compare match A0 Comparator A0
Overflow 1
Overflow 0
TMO0
TMRI0
TCNT0
TCORA1
Comparator A1
TCNT1
Clear 1
TMO1
TMRI1
Control logic
Compare match B1
Compare match B0 Comparator B0
A/D
conversion
start request
signal
Comparator B1
TCORB0
TCORB1
TCSR0
TCSR1
TCR0
TCR1
CMIA0
CMIB0
OVI0
CMIA1
CMIB1
OVI1
Interrupt signals
Figure 12.1 Block Diagram of 8-Bit Timer Module
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 558 of 1268
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Internal bus
Clear 0
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 12.1 summarizes the input and output pins of the 8-bit timer module.
Table 12.1 Input and Output Pins of 8-Bit Timer
Channel
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
0
Timer output pin 0
TMO0
Output
Outputs at compare match
Timer clock input pin 0
TMCI0
Input
Inputs external clock for counter
Timer reset input pin 0
TMRI0
Input
Inputs external reset to counter
1
12.1.4
Timer output pin 1
TMO1
Output
Outputs at compare match
Timer clock input pin 1
TMCI1
Input
Inputs external clock for counter
Timer reset input pin 1
TMRI1
Input
Inputs external reset to counter
Register Configuration
Table 12.2 summarizes the registers of the 8-bit timer module.
Table 12.2 8-Bit Timer Registers
Address*
H'00
H'FFB0
H'00
H'FFB2
R/W
H'FF
H'FFB4
TCORB0
R/W
H'FF
H'FFB6
Timer counter 0
TCNT0
R/W
H'00
H'FFB8
Timer control register 1
TCR1
R/W
H'00
H'FFB1
Timer control/status register 1
TCSR1
2
R/(W)*
H'10
H'FFB3
Time constant register A1
TCORA1
R/W
H'FF
H'FFB5
Time constant register B1
TCORB1
R/W
H'FF
H'FFB7
Timer counter 1
TCNT1
R/W
H'00
H'FFB9
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Name
0
Timer control register 0
TCR0
R/W
Timer control/status register 0
TCSR0
R/(W)*
Time constant register A0
TCORA0
Time constant register B0
1
All
1
Initial value
Channel
Abbreviation
R/W
2
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address
2. Only 0 can be written to bits 7 to 5, to clear these flags.
Each pair of registers for channel 0 and channel 1 is a 16-bit register with the upper 8 bits for
channel 0 and the lower 8 bits for channel 1, so they can be accessed together by a word transfer
instruction.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 559 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.2
Register Descriptions
12.2.1
Timer Counters 0 and 1 (TCNT0, TCNT1)
TCNT0
Bit
TCNT1
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
TCNT0 and TCNT1 are 8-bit readable/writable up-counters that increment on pulses generated
from an internal or external clock source. This clock source is selected by clock select bits CKS2
to CKS0 in TCR. The CPU can read or write to TCNT0 and TCNT1 at all times.
TCNT0 and TCNT1 comprise a single 16-bit register, so they can be accessed together by a word
transfer instruction.
TCNT0 and TCNT1 can be cleared by an external reset input or by a compare match signal.
Which signal is to be used for clearing is selected by clock clear bits CCLR1 and CCLR0 in TCR.
When a timer counter overflows from H'FF to H'00, OVF in TCSR is set to 1.
TCNT0 and TCNT1 are each initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
12.2.2
Time Constant Registers A0 and A1 (TCORA0, TCORA1)
TCORA0
Bit
TCORA1
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
TCORA0 and TCORA1 are 8-bit readable/writable registers. TCORA0 and TCORA1 comprise a
single 16-bit register so they can be accessed together by a word transfer instruction.
TCORA is continually compared with the value in TCNT. When a match is detected, the
corresponding CMFA flag in TCSR is set. Note, however, that comparison is disabled during the
T2 state of a TCOR write cycle.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
The timer output can be freely controlled by these compare match signals and the settings of bits
OS1 and OS0 in TCSR.
TCORA0 and TCORA1 are each initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
12.2.3
Time Constant Registers B0 and B1 (TCORB0, TCORB1)
TCORB0
Bit
TCORB1
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
TCORB0 and TCORB1 are 8-bit readable/writable registers. TCORB0 and TCORB1 comprise a
single 16-bit register so they can be accessed together by a word transfer instruction.
TCORB is continually compared with the value in TCNT. When a match is detected, the
corresponding CMFB flag in TCSR is set. Note, however, that comparison is disabled during the
T2 state of a TCOR write cycle.
The timer output can be freely controlled by these compare match signals and the settings of
output select bits OS3 and OS2 in TCSR.
TCORB0 and TCORB1 are each initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
12.2.4
Bit
Time Control Registers 0 and 1 (TCR0, TCR1)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CMIEB
CMIEA
OVIE
CCLR1
CCLR0
CKS2
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
TCR0 and TCR1 are 8-bit readable/writable registers that select the clock source and the time at
which TCNT is cleared, and enable interrupts.
TCR0 and TCR1 are each initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
For details of this timing, see section 12.3, Operation.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
Bit 7—Compare Match Interrupt Enable B (CMIEB): Selects whether CMFB interrupt
requests (CMIB) are enabled or disabled when the CMFB flag in TCSR is set to 1.
Bit 7
CMIEB
Description
0
CMFB interrupt requests (CMIB) are disabled
1
CMFB interrupt requests (CMIB) are enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Compare Match Interrupt Enable A (CMIEA): Selects whether CMFA interrupt
requests (CMIA) are enabled or disabled when the CMFA flag in TCSR is set to 1.
Bit 6
CMIEA
Description
0
CMFA interrupt requests (CMIA) are disabled
1
CMFA interrupt requests (CMIA) are enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 5—Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable (OVIE): Selects whether OVF interrupt requests
(OVI) are enabled or disabled when the OVF flag in TCSR is set to 1.
Bit 5
OVIE
Description
0
OVF interrupt requests (OVI) are disabled
1
OVF interrupt requests (OVI) are enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 4 and 3—Counter Clear 1 and 0 (CCLR1 and CCLR0): These bits select the method by
which TCNT is cleared: by compare match A or B, or by an external reset input.
Bit 4
CCLR1
Bit 3
CCLR0
Description
0
0
Clearing is disabled
1
Clear by compare match A
0
Clear by compare match B
1
Clear by rising edge of external reset input
1
(Initial value)
Bits 2 to 0—Clock Select 2 to 0 (CKS2 to CKS0): These bits select whether the clock input to
TCNT is an internal or external clock.
Three internal clocks can be selected, all divided from the system clock (φ): φ/8, φ/64, and φ/8192.
The falling edge of the selected internal clock triggers the count.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
When use of an external clock is selected, three types of count can be selected: at the rising edge,
the falling edge, and both rising and falling edges.
Some functions differ between channel 0 and channel 1.
Bit 2
CKS2
Bit 1
CKS1
Bit 0
CKS0
Description
0
0
0
Clock input disabled
1
Internal clock, counted at falling edge of φ/8
0
Internal clock, counted at falling edge of φ/64
1
Internal clock, counted at falling edge of φ/8192
For channel 0: count at TCNT1 overflow signal*
1
1
0
0
(Initial value)
For channel 1: count at TCNT0 compare match A*
1
1
External clock, counted at rising edge
0
External clock, counted at falling edge
1
External clock, counted at both rising and falling edges
Note: * If the count input of channel 0 is the TCNT1 overflow signal and that of channel 1 is the
TCNT0 compare match signal, no incrementing clock is generated. Do not use this setting.
12.2.5
Timer Control/Status Registers 0 and 1 (TCSR0, TCSR1)
TCSR0
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CMFB
CMFA
OVF
ADTE
OS3
OS2
OS1
OS0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
:
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CMFB
CMFA
OVF
—
OS3
OS2
OS1
OS0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Initial value :
R/W
TCSR1
Bit
Initial value :
R/W
:
Note: * Only 0 can be written to bits 7 to 5, to clear these flags.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
TCSR0 and TCSR1 are 8-bit registers that display compare match and overflow statuses, and
control compare match output.
TCSR0 is initialized to H'00, and TCSR1 to H'10, by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—Compare Match Flag B (CMFB): Status flag indicating whether the values of TCNT and
TCORB match.
Bit 7
CMFB
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
Cleared by reading CMFB when CMFB = 1, then writing 0 to CMFB
•
When DTC is activated by CMIB interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
[Setting condition]
Set when TCNT matches TCORB
Bit 6—Compare Match Flag A (CMFA): Status flag indicating whether the values of TCNT and
TCORA match.
Bit 6
CMFA
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
1
(Initial value)
•
Cleared by reading CMFA when CMFA = 1, then writing 0 to CMFA
•
When DTC is activated by CMIA interrupt while DISEL bit of MRB in DTC is 0
[Setting condition]
Set when TCNT matches TCORA
Bit 5—Timer Overflow Flag (OVF): Status flag indicating that TCNT has overflowed (changed
from H'FF to H'00).
Bit 5
OVF
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
Cleared by reading OVF when OVF = 1, then writing 0 to OVF
1
[Setting condition]
Set when TCNT overflows from H'FF to H'00
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 564 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
Bit 4—A/D Trigger Enable (ADTE) (TCSR0 Only): Selects enabling or disabling of A/D
converter start requests by compare match A.
In TCSR1, this bit is reserved: it is always read as 1 and cannot be modified.
Bit 4
ADTE
Description
0
A/D converter start requests by compare match A are disabled
1
A/D converter start requests by compare match A are enabled
(Initial value)
Bits 3 to 0—Output Select 3 to 0 (OS3 to OS0): These bits specify how the timer output level is
to be changed by a compare match of TCOR and TCNT.
Bits OS3 and OS2 select the effect of compare match B on the output level, bits OS1 and OS0
select the effect of compare match A on the output level, and both of them can be controlled
independently.
Note, however, that priorities are set such that: toggle output > 1 output > 0 output. If compare
matches occur simultaneously, the output changes according to the compare match with the higher
priority.
Timer output is disabled when bits OS3 to OS0 are all 0.
After a reset, the timer output is 0 until the first compare match event occurs.
Bit 3
OS3
Bit 2
OS2
Description
0
0
No change when compare match B occurs
1
0 is output when compare match B occurs
0
1 is output when compare match B occurs
1
Output is inverted when compare match B occurs (toggle output)
1
Bit 1
OS1
Bit 0
OS0
Description
0
0
No change when compare match A occurs
1
0 is output when compare match A occurs
0
1 is output when compare match A occurs
1
Output is inverted when compare match A occurs (toggle output)
1
(Initial value)
(Initial value)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 565 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.2.6
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP12 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, the 8-bit timer operation stops at the end of the bus
cycle and a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to in
module stop mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 12—Module Stop (MSTP12): Specifies the 8-bit timer module stop mode.
Bit 12
MSTP12
Description
0
8-bit timer module stop mode cleared
1
8-bit timer module stop mode set
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 566 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.3
Operation
12.3.1
TCNT Incrementation Timing
TCNT is incremented by input clock pulses (either internal or external).
Internal Clock: Three different internal clock signals (φ/8, φ/64, or φ/8192) divided from the
system clock (φ) can be selected, by setting bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCR. Figure 12.2 shows the
count timing.
φ
Internal clock
Clock input
to TCNT
TCNT
N–1
N
N+1
Figure 12.2 Count Timing for Internal Clock Input
External Clock: Three incrementation methods can be selected by setting bits CKS2 to CKS0 in
TCR: at the rising edge, the falling edge, and both rising and falling edges.
Note that the external clock pulse width must be at least 1.5 states for incrementation at a single
edge, and at least 2.5 states for incrementation at both edges. The counter will not increment
correctly if the pulse width is less than these values.
Figure 12.3 shows the timing of incrementation at both edges of an external clock signal.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 567 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
φ
External clock
input pin
Clock input
to TCNT
TCNT
N–1
N
N+1
Figure 12.3 Count Timing for External Clock Input
12.3.2
Compare Match Timing
Setting of Compare Match Flags A and B (CMFA, CMFB): The CMFA and CMFB flags in
TCSR are set to 1 by a compare match signal generated when the TCOR and TCNT values match.
The compare match signal is generated at the last state in which the match is true, just before the
timer counter is updated.
Therefore, when TCOR and TCNT match, the compare match signal is not generated until the
next incrementation clock input. Figure 12.4 shows this timing.
φ
TCNT
N
TCOR
N
Compare match
signal
CMF
Figure 12.4 Timing of CMF Setting
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 568 of 1268
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N+1
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
Timer Output Timing: When compare match A or B occurs, the timer output changes as
specified by bits OS3 to OS0 in TCSR. Depending on these bits, the output can remain the same,
change to 0, change to 1, or toggle.
Figure 12.5 shows the timing when the output is set to toggle at compare match A.
φ
Compare match A
signal
Timer output pin
Figure 12.5 Timing of Timer Output
Timing of Compare Match Clear: The timer counter is cleared when compare match A or B
occurs, depending on the setting of the CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in TCR. Figure 12.6 shows the
timing of this operation.
φ
Compare match
signal
TCNT
N
H'00
Figure 12.6 Timing of Compare Match Clear
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.3.3
Timing of TCNT External Reset
TCNT is cleared at the rising edge of an external reset input, depending on the settings of the
CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in TCR. The clear pulse width must be at least 1.5 states. Figure 12.7
shows the timing of this operation.
φ
External reset
input pin
Clear signal
TCNT
N–1
N
H'00
Figure 12.7 Timing of Clearance by External Reset
12.3.4
Timing of Overflow Flag (OVF) Setting
The OVF in TCSR is set to 1 when TCNT overflows (changes from H'FF to H'00). Figure 12.8
shows the timing of this operation.
φ
TCNT
H'FF
H'00
Overflow signal
OVF
Figure 12.8 Timing of OVF Setting
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.3.5
Operation with Cascaded Connection
If bits CKS2 to CKS0 in either TCR0 or TCR1 are set to B’100, the 8-bit timers of the two
channels are cascaded. With this configuration, a single 16-bit timer could be used (16-bit counter
mode) or compare matches of the 8-bit channel 0 could be counted by the timer of channel 1
(compare match counter mode). In this case, the timer operates as below.
16-Bit Counter Mode: When bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCR0 are set to B'100, the timer functions
as a single 16-bit timer with channel 0 occupying the upper 8 bits and channel 1 occupying the
lower 8 bits.
• Setting of compare match flags
⎯ The CMF flag in TCSR0 is set to 1 when a 16-bit compare match event occurs.
⎯ The CMF flag in TCSR1 is set to 1 when a lower 8-bit compare match event occurs.
• Counter clear specification
⎯ If the CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in TCR0 have been set for counter clear at compare match,
the 16-bit counter (TCNT0 and TCNT1 together) is cleared when a 16-bit compare match
event occurs. The 16-bit counter (TCNT0 and TCNT1 together) is cleared even if counter
clear by the TMRI0 pin has also been set.
⎯ The settings of the CCLR1 and CCLR0 bits in TCR1 are ignored. The lower 8 bits cannot
be cleared independently.
• Pin output
⎯ Control of output from the TMO0 pin by bits OS3 to OS0 in TCSR0 is in accordance with
the 16-bit compare match conditions.
⎯ Control of output from the TMO1 pin by bits OS3 to OS0 in TCSR1 is in accordance with
the lower 8-bit compare match conditions.
Compare Match Counter Mode: When bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCR1 are B'100, TCNT1 counts
compare match A’s for channel 0.
Channels 0 and 1 are controlled independently. Conditions such as setting of the CMF flag,
generation of interrupts, output from the TMO pin, and counter clear are in accordance with the
settings for each channel.
Usage Note: If the 16-bit counter mode and compare match counter mode are set simultaneously,
the input clock pulses for TCNT0 and TCNT1 are not generated and thus the counters will stop
operating. Software should therefore avoid using both these modes.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 571 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.4
Interrupts
12.4.1
Interrupt Sources and DTC Activation
There are three 8-bit timer interrupt sources: CMIA, CMIB, and OVI. Their relative priorities are
shown in table 12.3. Each interrupt source is set as enabled or disabled by the corresponding
interrupt enable bit in TCR, and independent interrupt requests are sent for each to the interrupt
controller. It is also possible to activate the DTC by means of CMIA and CMIB interrupts.
Table 12.3 8-Bit Timer Interrupt Sources
Channel
Interrupt Source
Description
DTC Activation
Priority
0
CMIA0
Interrupt by CMFA
Possible
High
1
CMIB0
Interrupt by CMFB
Possible
OVI0
Interrupt by OVF
Not possible
CMIA1
Interrupt by CMFA
Possible
CMIB1
Interrupt by CMFB
Possible
OVI1
Interrupt by OVF
Not possible
Low
Note: This table shows the initial state immediately after a reset. The relative channel priorities
can be changed by the interrupt controller.
12.4.2
A/D Converter Activation
The A/D converter can be activated only by channel 0 compare match A.
If the ADTE bit in TCSR0 is set to 1 when the CMFA flag is set to 1 by the occurrence of channel
0 compare match A, a request to start A/D conversion is sent to the A/D converter. If the 8-bit
timer conversion start trigger has been selected on the A/D converter side at this time, A/D
conversion is started.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 572 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.5
Sample Application
In the example below, the 8-bit timer is used to generate a pulse output with a selected duty cycle,
as shown in figure 12.9. The control bits are set as follows:
[1] In TCR, bit CCLR1 is cleared to 0 and bit CCLR0 is set to 1 so that the timer counter is
cleared when its value matches the constant in TCORA.
[2] In TCSR, bits OS3 to OS0 are set to B'0110, causing the output to change to 1 at a TCORA
compare match and to 0 at a TCORB compare match.
With these settings, the 8-bit timer provides output of pulses at a rate determined by TCORA with
a pulse width determined by TCORB. No software intervention is required.
TCNT
H'FF
Counter clear
TCORA
TCORB
H'00
TMO
Figure 12.9 Example of Pulse Output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 573 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.6
Usage Notes
Note that the following kinds of contention can occur in the 8-bit timer module.
12.6.1
Contention between TCNT Write and Clear
If a timer counter clock pulse is generated during the T2 state of a TCNT write cycle, the clear
takes priority, so that the counter is cleared and the write is not performed.
Figure 12.10 shows this operation.
TCNT write cycle by CPU
T1
T2
φ
Address
TCNT address
Internal write signal
Counter clear signal
TCNT
N
H'00
Figure 12.10 Contention between TCNT Write and Clear
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.6.2
Contention between TCNT Write and Increment
If a timer counter clock pulse is generated during the T2 state of a TCNT write cycle, the write
takes priority and the counter is not incremented.
Figure 12.11 shows this operation.
TCNT write cycle by CPU
T1
T2
φ
Address
TCNT address
Internal write signal
TCNT input clock
TCNT
N
M
Counter write data
Figure 12.11 Contention between TCNT Write and Increment
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 575 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.6.3
Contention between TCOR Write and Compare Match
During the T2 state of a TCOR write cycle, the TCOR write has priority and the compare match
signal is inhibited even if a compare match event occurs.
Figure 12.12 shows this operation.
TCOR write cycle by CPU
T1
T2
φ
Address
TCOR address
Internal write signal
TCNT
N
N+1
TCOR
N
M
TCOR write data
Compare match signal
Prohibited
Figure 12.12 Contention between TCOR Write and Compare Match
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 576 of 1268
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
12.6.4
Contention between Compare Matches A and B
If compare match events A and B occur at the same time, the 8-bit timer operates in accordance
with the priorities for the output statuses set for compare match A and compare match B, as shown
in table 12.4.
Table 12.4 Timer Output Priorities
Output Setting
Priority
Toggle output
High
1 output
0 output
No change
12.6.5
Low
Switching of Internal Clocks and TCNT Operation
TCNT may increment erroneously when the internal clock is switched over. Table 12.5 shows the
relationship between the timing at which the internal clock is switched (by writing to the CKS1
and CKS0 bits) and the TCNT operation.
When the TCNT clock is generated from an internal clock, the falling edge of the internal clock
pulse is detected. If clock switching causes a change from high to low level, as shown in case 3 in
table 12.5, a TCNT clock pulse is generated on the assumption that the switchover is a falling
edge. This increments TCNT.
The erroneous incrementation can also happen when switching between internal and external
clocks.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
Table 12.5 Switching of Internal Clock and TCNT Operation
No.
1
Timing of Switchover
by Means of CKS1
TCNT Clock Operation
and CKS0 Bits
Switching from
1
low to low*
Clock before
switchover
Clock after
switchover
TCNT clock
TCNT
N
N+1
CKS bit write
2
Switching from
2
low to high*
Clock before
switchover
Clock after
switchover
TCNT clock
TCNT
N
N+1
N+2
CKS bit write
3
Switching from
3
high to low*
Clock before
switchover
Clock after
switchover
*4
TCNT clock
TCNT
N
N+1
CKS bit write
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N+2
Section 12 8-Bit Timers
No.
4
Timing of Switchover
by Means of CKS1
TCNT Clock Operation
and CKS0 Bits
Switching from high
to high
Clock before
switchover
Clock after
switchover
TCNT clock
TCNT
N
N+1
N+2
CKS bit write
Notes: 1.
2.
3.
4.
12.6.6
Includes switching from low to stop, and from stop to low.
Includes switching from stop to high.
Includes switching from high to stop.
Generated on the assumption that the switchover is a falling edge; TCNT is
incremented.
Interrupts and Module Stop Mode
If module stop mode is entered when an interrupt has been requested, it will not be possible to
clear the CPU interrupt source or the DMAC* or DTC activation source. Interrupts should
therefore be disabled before entering module stop mode.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 12 8-Bit Timers
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.1
Overview
The chip has a single-channel on-chip watchdog timer (WDT) for monitoring system operation.
The WDT outputs an overflow signal (WDTOVF)* if a system crash prevents the CPU from
writing to the timer counter, allowing it to overflow. At the same time, the WDT can also generate
an internal reset signal for the chip.
When this watchdog function is not needed, the WDT can be used as an interval timer. In interval
timer operation, an interval timer interrupt is generated each time the counter overflows.
13.1.1
Features
WDT features are listed below.
• Switchable between watchdog timer mode and interval timer mode
• WDTOVF output when in watchdog timer mode*
If the counter overflows, the WDT outputs WDTOVF*. It is possible to select whether or not
the entire chip is reset at the same time
• Interrupt generation when in interval timer mode
If the counter overflows, the WDT generates an interval timer interrupt
• Choice of eight counter clock sources
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 13.1 shows a block diagram of the WDT.
Overflow
WDTOVF*1
Internal reset
signal*2
Clock
Clock
select
Reset
control
RSTCSR
Internal clock
sources
TCNT
TSCR
Module bus
Bus
interface
WDT
Legend:
Timer control/status register
TCSR:
Timer counter
TCNT:
RSTCSR: Reset control/status register
Notes: 1. The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
2. Internal reset signal generation is specified by means of a register setting.
Figure 13.1 Block Diagram of WDT
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Internal bus
WOVI
(interrupt request
signal)
φ/2
φ/64
φ/128
φ/512
φ/2048
φ/8192
φ/32768
φ/131072
Interrupt
control
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 13.1 describes the WDT output pin.
Table 13.1 WDT Pin
Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Watchdog timer overflow
WDTOVF*
Output
Outputs counter overflow signal in watchdog
timer mode
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
13.1.4
Register Configuration
The WDT has three registers, as summarized in table 13.2. These registers control clock selection,
WDT mode switching, and the reset signal.
Table 13.2 WDT Registers
1
Address*
Name
R/W
Timer control/status register
TCSR
3
R/(W)*
H'18
H'FFBC
H'FFBC
Timer counter
TCNT
R/W
H'00
H'FFBC
H'FFBD
H'1F
H'FFBE
H'FFBF
RSTCSR
R/(W)
*3
Write
Read
Abbreviation
Reset control/status register
Initial Value
*2
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. For details of write operations, see section 13.2.4, Notes on Register Access.
3. Only a write of 0 is permitted to bit 7, to clear the flag.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.2
Register Descriptions
13.2.1
Timer Counter (TCNT)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
TCNT is an 8-bit readable/writable*1 up-counter.
When the TME bit is set to 1 in TCSR, TCNT starts counting pulses generated from the internal
clock source selected by bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCSR. When the count overflows (changes from
H'FF to H'00), either the watchdog timer overflow signal (WDTOVF)*2 or an interval timer
interrupt (WOVI) is generated, depending on the mode selected by the WT/IT bit in TCSR.
TCNT is initialized to H'00 by a reset, in hardware standby mode, or when the TME bit is cleared
to 0. It is not initialized in software standby mode.
Notes: 1. TCNT is write-protected by a password to prevent accidental overwriting. For details
see section 13.2.4, Notes on Register Access.
2. The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.2.2
Bit
Timer Control/Status Register (TCSR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
OVF
WT/IT
TME
—
—
CKS2
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
R/(W)*
R/W
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
TCSR is an 8-bit readable/writable* register. Its functions include selecting the clock source to be
input to TCNT, and the timer mode.
TCR is initialized to H'18 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in software
standby mode.
Note: * TCSR is write-protected by a password to prevent accidental overwriting. For details see
section 13.2.4, Notes on Register Access.
Bit 7—Overflow Flag (OVF): Indicates that TCNT has overflowed from H'FF to H'00, when in
interval timer mode. This flag cannot be set during watchdog timer operation.
Bit 7
OVF
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
(Initial value)
Cleared by reading TCSR when OVF = 1*, then writing 0 to OVF
1
[Setting condition]
Set when TCNT overflows (changes from H'FF to H'00) in interval timer mode
Note: * When OVF is polled and the interval timer interrupt is disabled, OVF = 1 must be read at
least twice.
Bit 6—Timer Mode Select (WT/IT): Selects whether the WDT is used as a watchdog timer or
interval timer. If used as an interval timer, the WDT generates an interval timer interrupt request
(WOVI) when TCNT overflows. If used as a watchdog timer, the WDT generates the WDTOVF
signal*1 when TCNT overflows.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
Bit 6
WT/IT
Description
0
Interval timer: Sends the CPU an interval timer interrupt request (WOVI)
when TCNT overflows
(Initial value)
1
2
Watchdog timer: Generates the WDTOVF signal* when TCNT overflows*
1
Notes: 1. The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
2. For details of the case where TCNT overflows in watchdog timer mode, see section
13.2.3, Reset Control/Status Register (RSTCSR).
Bit 5—Timer Enable (TME): Selects whether TCNT runs or is halted.
Bit 5
TME
Description
0
TCNT is initialized to H'00 and halted
1
TCNT counts
(Initial value)
Bits 4 and 3—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bits 2 to 0—Clock Select 2 to 0 (CKS2 to CKS0): These bits select one of eight internal clock
sources, obtained by dividing the system clock (φ), for input to TCNT.
Description
Bit 2
CKS2
Bit 1
CKS1
Bit 0
CKS0
Clock
Overflow Period (when φ = 20 MHz)*
0
0
0
φ/2 (Initial value)
25.6 µs
1
φ/64
819.2 µs
0
φ/128
1.6 ms
1
φ/512
6.6 ms
0
0
φ/2048
26.2 ms
1
φ/8192
104.9 ms
1
0
φ/32768
419.4 ms
1
φ/131072
1.68 s
1
1
Note: * The overflow period is the time from when TCNT starts counting up from H'00 until overflow
occurs.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.2.3
Bit
Reset Control/Status Register (RSTCSR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WOVF
RSTE
—
—
—
—
—
—
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
R/(W)*
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
RSTCSR is an 8-bit readable/writable* register that controls the generation of the internal reset
signal when TCNT overflows, and selects the type of internal reset signal.
RSTCSR is initialized to H'1F by a reset signal from the RES pin, but not by the WDT internal
reset signal caused by overflows.
Note: * RSTCSR is write-protected by a password to prevent accidental overwriting. For details
see section 13.2.4, Notes on Register Access.
Bit 7—Watchdog Timer Overflow Flag (WOVF): Indicates that TCNT has overflowed
(changed from H'FF to H'00) during watchdog timer operation. This bit is not set in interval timer
mode.
Bit 7
WOVF
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
(Initial value)
Cleared by reading RSTCSR when WOVF = 1, then writing 0 to WOVF
1
[Setting condition]
Set when TCNT overflows (changes from H'FF to H'00) during watchdog timer
operation
Bit 6—Reset Enable (RSTE): Specifies whether or not a reset signal is generated in the chip if
TCNT overflows during watchdog timer operation.
Bit 6
RSTE
Description
0
Reset signal is not generated if TCNT overflows *
1
Reset signal is generated if TCNT overflows
(Initial value)
Note: * The modules within the chip are not reset, but TCNT and TCSR within the WDT are reset.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 587 of 1268
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
Bit 5—Reserved: This bit should be written with 0.
Bits 4 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
13.2.4
Notes on Register Access
The watchdog timer’s TCNT, TCSR, and RSTCSR registers differ from other registers in being
more difficult to write to. The procedures for writing to and reading these registers are given
below.
Writing to TCNT and TCSR: These registers must be written to by a word transfer instruction.
They cannot be written to with byte instructions.
Figure 13.2 shows the format of data written to TCNT and TCSR. TCNT and TCSR both have the
same write address. For a write to TCNT, the upper byte of the written word must contain H'5A
and the lower byte must contain the write data. For a write to TCSR, the upper byte of the written
word must contain H'A5 and the lower byte must contain the write data. This transfers the write
data from the lower byte to TCNT or TCSR.
TCNT write
15
8 7
H'5A
Address: H'FFBC
0
Write data
TCSR write
15
Address: H'FFBC
8 7
H'A5
0
Write data
Figure 13.2 Writing to TCNT and TCSR
Writing to RSTCSR: RSTCSR must be written to by a word transfer instruction to address
H'FFBE. It cannot be written to with byte instructions.
Figure 13.3 shows the format of data written to RSTCSR. The method of writing 0 to the WOVF
bit differs from that for writing to the RSTE bit.
To write 0 to the WOVF bit, the write data must have H'A5 in the upper byte and H'00 in the
lower byte. This clears the WOVF bit to 0, but has no effect on the RSTE bit. To write to the
RSTE bit, the upper byte must contain H'5A and the lower byte must contain the write data. This
writes the value in bit 6 of the lower byte into the RSTE bit, but has no effect on the WOVF bit.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
Writing 0 to WOVF bit
15
8 7
0
H'A5
Address: H'FFBE
H'00
Writing to RSTE bit
15
Address: H'FFBE
8 7
H'5A
0
Write data
Figure 13.3 Writing to RSTCSR
Reading TCNT, TCSR, and RSTCSR: These registers are read in the same way as other
registers. The read addresses are H'FFBC for TCSR, H'FFBD for TCNT, and H'FFBF for
RSTCSR.
13.3
Operation
13.3.1
Operation in Watchdog Timer Mode
To use the WDT as a watchdog timer, set the WT/IT and TME bits to 1. Software must prevent
TCNT overflows by rewriting the TCNT value (normally be writing H'00) before overflow occurs.
This ensures that TCNT does not overflow while the system is operating normally. If TCNT
overflows without being rewritten because of a system crash or other error, the WDTOVF signal*
is output. This is shown in figure 13.4. This WDTOVF signal* can be used to reset the system.
The WDTOVF signal* is output for 132 states when RSTE = 1, and for 130 states when RSTE =
0.
If TCNT overflows when 1 is set in the RSTE bit in RSTCSR, a signal that resets the chip
internally is generated at the same time as the WDTOVF signal*. The internal reset signal is
output for 518 states.
If a reset caused by a signal input to the RES pin occurs at the same time as a reset caused by a
WDT overflow, the RES pin reset has priority and the WOVF bit in RSTCSR is cleared to 0.
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
TCNT count
Overflow
H'FF
Time
H'00
WT/IT=1
TME=1
H'00 written
to TCNT
WOVF=1
WDTOVF *3 and
internal reset are
generated
WT/IT=1
TME=1
WDTOVF signal*3
132 states*2
Internal reset
signal*1
518 states
Legend:
WT/IT: Timer mode select bit
TME: Timer enable bit
Notes: 1. The internal reset signal is generated only if the RSTE bit is set to 1.
2. 130 states when the RSTE bit is cleared to 0.
3. The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
Figure 13.4 Operation in Watchdog Timer Mode
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H'00 written
to TCNT
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.3.2
Operation in Interval Timer Mode
To use the WDT as an interval timer, clear the WT/IT bit in TCSR to 0 and set the TME bit to 1.
An interval timer interrupt (WOVI) is generated each time TCNT overflows, provided that the
WDT is operating as an interval timer, as shown in figure 13.5. This function can be used to
generate interrupt requests at regular intervals.
TCNT count
Overflow
H'FF
Overflow
Overflow
Overflow
Time
H'00
WT/IT=0
TME=1
WOVI
WOVI
WOVI
WOVI
Legend:
WOVI: Interval timer interrupt request generation
Figure 13.5 Operation in Interval Timer Mode
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.3.3
Timing of Overflow Flag (OVF) Setting
The OVF flag is set to 1 if TCNT overflows during interval timer operation. At the same time, an
interval timer interrupt (WOVI) is requested. This timing is shown in figure 13.6.
φ
TCNT
H'FF
Overflow signal
(internal signal)
OVF
Figure 13.6 Timing of OVF Setting
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H'00
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.3.4
Timing of Watchdog Timer Overflow Flag (WOVF) Setting
The WOVF flag is set to 1 if TCNT overflows during watchdog timer operation. At the same time,
the WDTOVF signal* goes low. If TCNT overflows while the RSTE bit in RSTCSR is set to 1, an
internal reset signal is generated for the entire chip. Figure 13.7 shows the timing in this case.
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
φ
TCNT
H'FF
H'00
Overflow signal
(internal signal)
WOVF
WDTOVF signal*
Internal reset
signal
132 states
518 states
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
Figure 13.7 Timing of WOVF Setting
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REJ09B0220-0600
Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.4
Interrupts
During interval timer mode operation, an overflow generates an interval timer interrupt (WOVI).
The interval timer interrupt is requested whenever the OVF flag is set to 1 in TCSR.
13.5
Usage Notes
13.5.1
Contention between Timer Counter (TCNT) Write and Increment
If a timer counter clock pulse is generated during the T2 state of a TCNT write cycle, the write
takes priority and the timer counter is not incremented. Figure 13.8 shows this operation.
TCNT write cycle
T1
T2
φ
Address
Internal write signal
TCNT input clock
TCNT
N
M
Counter write data
Figure 13.8 Contention between TCNT Write and Increment
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.5.2
Changing Value of CKS2 to CKS0
If bits CKS2 to CKS0 in TCSR are written to while the WDT is operating, errors may occur in the
incrementation. Software must stop the watchdog timer (by clearing the TME bit to 0) before
changing the value of bits CKS2 to CKS0.
13.5.3
Switching between Watchdog Timer Mode and Interval Timer Mode
If the mode is switched from watchdog timer to interval timer, or vice versa, while the WDT is
operating, errors may occur in the incrementation. Software must stop the watchdog timer (by
clearing the TME bit to 0) before switching the mode.
13.5.4
System Reset by WDTOVF Signal*
If the WDTOVF output signal* is input to the RES pin of the chip, the chip will not be initialized
correctly. Make sure that the WDTOVF signal* is not input logically to the RES pin. To reset the
entire system by means of the WDTOVF signal*, use the circuit shown in figure 13.9.
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
Chip
RES
Reset input
Reset signal to entire system
WDTOVF*
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
Figure 13.9 Circuit for System Reset by WDTOVF Signal (Example)
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Section 13 Watchdog Timer
13.5.5
Internal Reset in Watchdog Timer Mode
The chip is not reset internally if TCNT overflows while the RSTE bit is cleared to 0 during
watchdog timer operation, but TCNT and TCSR of the WDT are reset.
TCNT, TCSR, and RSTCR cannot be written to while the WDTOVF signal* is low. Also note that
a read of the WOVF flag is not recognized during this period. To clear the WOVF flag, therefore,
read RSTCSR after the WDTOVF signal* goes high, then write 0 to the WOVF flag.
Note: * The WDTOVF pin function cannot be used in the F-ZTAT versions.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 596 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.1
Overview
The chip is equipped with a serial communication interface (SCI) that can handle both
asynchronous and synchronous serial communication. A function is also provided for serial
communication between processors (multiprocessor communication function).
14.1.1
Features
SCI features are listed below.
• Choice of asynchronous or synchronous serial communication mode
Asynchronous mode
⎯ Serial data communication executed using an asynchronous system in which
synchronization is achieved character by character
⎯ Serial data communication can be carried out with standard asynchronous communication
chips such as a Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) or Asynchronous
Communication Interface Adapter (ACIA)
⎯ A multiprocessor communication function is provided that enables serial data
communication with a number of processors
⎯ Choice of 12 serial data transfer formats
Data length:
7 or 8 bits
Stop bit length:
1 or 2 bits
Parity:
Even, odd, or none
Multiprocessor bit: 1 or 0
⎯ Receive error detection: Parity, overrun, and framing errors
⎯ Break detection: Break can be detected by reading the RxD pin level directly in case of a
framing error
Synchronous mode
⎯ Serial data communication synchronized with a clock
⎯ Serial data communication can be carried out with other chips that have a synchronous
communication function
⎯ One serial data transfer format
Data length: 8 bits
⎯ Receive error detection: Overrun errors detected
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
• Full-duplex communication capability
⎯ The transmitter and receiver are mutually independent, enabling transmission and reception
to be executed simultaneously
⎯ Double-buffering is used in both the transmitter and the receiver, enabling continuous
transmission and continuous reception of serial data
• Choice of LSB-first or MSB-first transfer
⎯ Can be selected regardless of the communication mode*1 (except in the case of
asynchronous mode 7-bit data)
• Built-in baud rate generator allows any bit rate to be selected
• Choice of serial clock source: internal clock from baud rate generator or external clock from
SCK pin
• Four interrupt sources
⎯ Four interrupt sources—transmit-data-empty, transmit-end, receive-data-full, and receive
error—that can issue requests independently
⎯ The transmit-data-empty and receive-data-full interrupts can activate the DMA controller
(DMAC)*2 or data transfer controller (DTC) to execute data transfer
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ As the initial setting, SCI operation is halted. Register access is enabled by exiting module
stop mode
Notes: 1. Descriptions in this section refer to LSB-first transfer.
2. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.1.2
Block Diagram
Bus interface
Figure 14.1 shows a block diagram of the SCI.
Module data bus
RxD
TxD
RDR
TDR
RSR
TSR
SCMR
SSR
SCR
SMR
BRR
φ
Baud rate
generator
Transmission/
reception control
Parity generation
Parity check
SCK
Internal
data bus
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
Clock
External clock
TEI
TXI
RXI
ERI
Legend:
SCMR: Smart card mode register
RSR: Receive shift register
RDR: Receive data register
TSR: Transmit shift register
TDR: Transmit data register
SMR: Serial mode register
SCR: Serial control register
SSR: Serial status register
BRR: Bit rate register
Figure 14.1 Block Diagram of SCI
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 14.1 shows the serial pins for each SCI channel.
Table 14.1 SCI Pins
Channel
Pin Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
0
Serial clock pin 0
SCK0
I/O
SCI0 clock input/output
Receive data pin 0
RxD0
Input
SCI0 receive data input
Transmit data pin 0
TxD0
Output
SCI0 transmit data output
1
2
Serial clock pin 1
SCK1
I/O
SCI1 clock input/output
Receive data pin 1
RxD1
Input
SCI1 receive data input
Transmit data pin 1
TxD1
Output
SCI1 transmit data output
Serial clock pin 2
SCK2
I/O
SCI2 clock input/output
Receive data pin 2
RxD2
Input
SCI2 receive data input
Transmit data pin 2
TxD2
Output
SCI2 transmit data output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 600 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.1.4
Register Configuration
The SCI has the internal registers shown in table 14.2. These registers are used to specify
asynchronous mode or synchronous mode, the data format, and the bit rate, and to control the
transmitter/receiver.
Table 14.2 SCI Registers
1
Channel
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
0
Serial mode register 0
SMR0
R/W
H'00
H'FF78
1
2
All
Bit rate register 0
BRR0
R/W
H'FF
H'FF79
Serial control register 0
SCR0
R/W
H'00
H'FF7A
Transmit data register 0
TDR0
R/W
H'FF
H'FF7B
Serial status register 0
SSR0
2
R/(W)*
H'84
H'FF7C
Receive data register 0
RDR0
R
H'00
H'FF7D
Smart card mode register 0
SCMR0
R/W
H'F2
H'FF7E
Serial mode register 1
SMR1
R/W
H'00
H'FF80
Bit rate register 1
BRR1
R/W
H'FF
H'FF81
Serial control register 1
SCR1
R/W
H'00
H'FF82
Transmit data register 1
TDR1
R/W
H'FF
H'FF83
Serial status register 1
SSR1
2
R/(W)*
H'84
H'FF84
Receive data register 1
RDR1
R
H'00
H'FF85
Smart card mode register 1
SCMR1
R/W
H'F2
H'FF86
Serial mode register 2
SMR2
R/W
H'00
H'FF88
Bit rate register 2
BRR2
R/W
H'FF
H'FF89
Serial control register 2
SCR2
R/W
H'00
H'FF8A
Transmit data register 2
TDR2
R/W
H'FF
H'FF8B
Serial status register 2
SSR2
R/(W)*
H'84
H'FF8C
Receive data register 2
RDR2
R
H'00
H'FF8D
Smart card mode register 2
SCMR2
R/W
H'F2
H'FF8E
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
2
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Can only be written with 0 for flag clearing.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2
Register Descriptions
14.2.1
Receive Shift Register (RSR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RSR is a register used to receive serial data.
The SCI sets serial data input from the RxD pin in RSR in the order received, starting with the
LSB (bit 0), and converts it to parallel data. When one byte of data has been received, it is
transferred to RDR automatically.
RSR cannot be directly read or written to by the CPU.
14.2.2
Bit
Receive Data Register (RDR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
:
RDR is a register that stores received serial data.
When the SCI has received one byte of serial data, it transfers the received serial data from RSR to
RDR where it is stored, and completes the receive operation. After this, RSR is receive-enabled.
Since RSR and RDR function as a double buffer in this way, continuous receive operations can be
performed.
RDR is a read-only register, and cannot be written to by the CPU.
RDR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.3
Transmit Shift Register (TSR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TSR is a register used to transmit serial data.
To perform serial data transmission, the SCI first transfers transmit data from TDR to TSR, then
sends the data to the TxD pin starting with the LSB (bit 0).
When transmission of one byte is completed, the next transmit data is transferred from TDR to
TSR, and transmission started, automatically. However, data transfer from TDR to TSR is not
performed if the TDRE bit in SSR is set to 1.
TSR cannot be directly read or written to by the CPU.
14.2.4
Bit
Transmit Data Register (TDR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
TDR is an 8-bit register that stores data for serial transmission.
When the SCI detects that TSR is empty, it transfers the transmit data written in TDR to TSR and
starts serial transmission. Continuous serial transmission can be carried out by writing the next
transmit data to TDR during serial transmission of the data in TSR.
TDR can be read or written to by the CPU at all times.
TDR is initialized to H'FF by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.5
Bit
Serial Mode Register (SMR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
C/A
CHR
PE
O/E
STOP
MP
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
SMR is an 8-bit register used to set the SCI’s serial transfer format and select the baud rate
generator clock source.
SMR can be read or written to by the CPU at all times.
SMR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. In software standby mode
and module stop mode it retains its previous state.
Bit 7—Communication Mode (C/A): Selects asynchronous mode or synchronous mode as the
SCI operating mode.
Bit 7
C/A
Description
0
Asynchronous mode
1
Synchronous mode
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Character Length (CHR): Selects 7 or 8 bits as the data length in asynchronous mode. In
synchronous mode, a fixed data length of 8 bits is used regardless of the CHR setting.
Bit 6
CHR
Description
0
8-bit data
1
7-bit data*
(Initial value)
Note: * When 7-bit data is selected, the MSB (bit 7) of TDR is not transmitted, and it is not possible
to choose between LSB-first or MSB-first transfer.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 5—Parity Enable (PE): In asynchronous mode, selects whether or not parity bit addition is
performed in transmission, and parity bit checking in reception. In synchronous mode and with a
multiprocessor format, parity bit addition and checking is not performed, regardless of the PE bit
setting.
Bit 5
PE
0
1
Description
Parity bit addition and checking disabled
Parity bit addition and checking enabled*
(Initial value)
Note:* When the PE bit is set to 1, the parity (even or odd) specified by the O/E bit is added to
transmit data before transmission. In reception, the parity bit is checked for the parity (even
or odd) specified by the O/E bit.
Bit 4—Parity Mode (O/E): Selects either even or odd parity for use in parity addition and
checking.
The O/E bit setting is only valid when the PE bit is set to 1, enabling parity bit addition and
checking, in asynchronous mode. The O/E bit setting is invalid in synchronous mode, and when
parity addition and checking is disabled in asynchronous mode.
Bit 4
O/E
0
1
Description
1
Even parity*
2
Odd parity*
(Initial value)
Notes: 1. When even parity is set, parity bit addition is performed in transmission so that the total
number of 1 bits in the transmit character plus the parity bit is even.
In reception, a check is performed to see if the total number of 1 bits in the receive
character plus the parity bit is even.
2. When odd parity is set, parity bit addition is performed in transmission so that the total
number of 1 bits in the transmit character plus the parity bit is odd.
In reception, a check is performed to see if the total number of 1 bits in the receive
character plus the parity bit is odd.
Bit 3—Stop Bit Length (STOP): Selects 1 or 2 bits as the stop bit length in asynchronous mode.
The STOP bits setting is only valid in asynchronous mode. If synchronous mode is set the STOP
bit setting is invalid since stop bits are not added.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 3
STOP
Description
0
1 stop bit: In transmission, a single 1-bit (stop bit) is added to the end of a transmit
character before it is sent.
(Initial value)
1
2 stop bits: In transmission, two 1-bits (stop bits) are added to the end of a transmit
character before it is sent.
In reception, only the first stop bit is checked, regardless of the STOP bit setting. If the second
stop bit is 1, it is treated as a stop bit; if it is 0, it is treated as the start bit of the next transmit
character.
Bit 2—Multiprocessor Mode (MP): Selects multiprocessor format. When multiprocessor format
is selected, the PE bit and O/E bit parity settings are invalid. The MP bit setting is only valid in
asynchronous mode; it is invalid in synchronous mode.
For details of the multiprocessor communication function, see section 14.3.3, Multiprocessor
Communication Function.
Bit 2
MP
Description
0
Multiprocessor function disabled
1
Multiprocessor format selected
(Initial value)
Bits 1 and 0—Clock Select 1 and 0 (CKS1, CKS0): These bits select the clock source for the
baud rate generator. The clock source can be selected from φ, φ/4, φ/16, and φ/64, according to the
setting of bits CKS1 and CKS0.
For the relation between the clock source, the bit rate register setting, and the baud rate, see
section 14.2.8, Bit Rate Register (BRR).
Bit 1
CKS1
Bit 0
CKS0
Description
0
0
φ clock
1
φ/4 clock
0
φ/16 clock
1
φ/64 clock
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 606 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.6
Bit
Serial Control Register (SCR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TIE
RIE
TE
RE
MPIE
TEIE
CKE1
CKE0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
SCR is a register that performs enabling or disabling of SCI transfer operations, serial clock output
in asynchronous mode, and interrupt requests, and selection of the serial clock source.
SCR can be read or written to by the CPU at all times.
SCR is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. In software standby mode and
module stop mode it retains its previous state.
Bit 7—Transmit Interrupt Enable (TIE): Enables or disables transmit-data-empty interrupt
(TXI) request generation when serial transmit data is transferred from TDR to TSR and the TDRE
flag in SSR is set to 1.
Bit 7
TIE
Description
0
Transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) requests disabled*
1
Transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) requests enabled
(Initial value)
Note:* TXI interrupt request cancellation can be performed by reading 1 from the TDRE flag, then
clearing it to 0, or by clearing the TIE bit to 0.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 6—Receive Interrupt Enable (RIE): Enables or disables receive-data-full interrupt (RXI)
request and receive-error interrupt (ERI) request generation when serial receive data is transferred
from RSR to RDR and the RDRF flag in SSR is set to 1.
Bit 6
RIE
Description
0
Receive-data-full interrupt (RXI) request and receive-error interrupt (ERI) request
disabled*
(Initial value)
1
Receive-data-full interrupt (RXI) request and receive-error interrupt (ERI) request
enabled
Note:* RXI and ERI interrupt request cancellation can be performed by reading 1 from the RDRF
flag, or the FER, PER, or ORER flag, then clearing the flag to 0, or by clearing the RIE bit to
0.
Bit 5—Transmit Enable (TE): Enables or disables the start of serial transmission by the SCI.
Bit 5
TE
0
1
Description
1
Transmission disabled*
2
Transmission enabled*
(Initial value)
Notes: 1. The TDRE flag in SSR is fixed at 1.
2. In this state, serial transmission is started when transmit data is written to TDR and the
TDRE flag in SSR is cleared to 0.
SMR setting must be performed to decide the transfer format before setting the TE bit
to 1.
Bit 4—Receive Enable (RE): Enables or disables the start of serial reception by the SCI.
Bit 4
RE
0
1
Description
1
Reception disabled*
2
Reception enabled*
(Initial value)
Notes: 1. Clearing the RE bit to 0 does not affect the RDRF, FER, PER, and ORER flags, which
retain their states.
2. Serial reception is started in this state when a start bit is detected in asynchronous
mode or serial clock input is detected in synchronous mode.
SMR setting must be performed to decide the transfer format before setting the RE bit
to 1.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 3—Multiprocessor Interrupt Enable (MPIE): Enables or disables multiprocessor interrupts.
The MPIE bit setting is only valid in asynchronous mode when the MP bit in SMR is set to 1.
The MPIE bit setting is invalid in synchronous mode or when the MP bit is cleared to 0.
Bit 3
MPIE
Description
0
Multiprocessor interrupts disabled (normal reception performed)
(Initial value)
[Clearing conditions]
•
When the MPIE bit is cleared to 0
•
1
When data with MPB = 1 is received
Multiprocessor interrupts enabled*
Receive-data-full interrupt (RXI) requests, receive-error interrupt (ERI) requests, and
setting of the RDRF, FER, and ORER flags in SSR are disabled until data with the
multiprocessor bit set to 1 is received.
Note: * When receive data including MPB = 0 is received, receive data transfer from RSR to RDR,
receive error detection, and setting of the RDRF, FER, and ORER flags in SSR, is not
performed. When receive data including MPB = 1 is received, the MPB bit in SSR is set to
1, the MPIE bit is cleared to 0 automatically, and generation of RXI and ERI interrupts
(when the TIE and RIE bits in SCR are set to 1) and FER and ORER flag setting is enabled.
Bit 2—Transmit End Interrupt Enable (TEIE): Enables or disables transmit-end interrupt
(TEI) request generation when there is no valid transmit data in TDR in MSB data transmission.
Bit 2
TEIE
0
1
Description
Transmit end interrupt (TEI) request disabled*
Transmit end interrupt (TEI) request enabled*
(Initial value)
Note: * TEI cancellation can be performed by reading 1 from the TDRE flag in SSR, then clearing it
to 0 and clearing the TEND flag to 0, or by clearing the TEIE bit to 0.
Bits 1 and 0—Clock Enable 1 and 0 (CKE1, CKE0): These bits are used to select the SCI clock
source and enable or disable clock output from the SCK pin. The combination of the CKE1 and
CKE0 bits determines whether the SCK pin functions as an I/O port, the serial clock output pin, or
the serial clock input pin.
The setting of the CKE0 bit, however, is only valid for internal clock operation (CKE1 = 0) in
asynchronous mode. The CKE0 bit setting is invalid in synchronous mode, and in the case of
external clock operation (CKE1 = 1). Set CKE1 and CKE0 before determining the SCI operating
mode with SMR.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
For details of clock source selection, see table 14.9.
Bit 1
CKE1
Bit 0
CKE0
Description
0
0
Asynchronous mode
Internal clock/SCK pin functions as I/O port*
Synchronous mode
Internal clock/SCK pin functions as serial clock
output
Asynchronous mode
Internal clock/SCK pin functions as clock output*
Synchronous mode
Internal clock/SCK pin functions as serial clock
output
Asynchronous mode
External clock/SCK pin functions as clock input*
Synchronous mode
External clock/SCK pin functions as serial clock
input
3
External clock/SCK pin functions as clock input*
1
1
0
1
Asynchronous mode
Synchronous mode
1
2
3
External clock/SCK pin functions as serial clock
input
Notes: 1. Initial value
2. Outputs a clock of the same frequency as the bit rate.
3. Inputs a clock with a frequency 16 times the bit rate.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.7
Serial Status Register (SSR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDRE
RDRF
ORER
FER
PER
TEND
MPB
MPBT
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R
R
R/W
Note: * Only 0 can be written, to clear the flag.
SSR is an 8-bit register containing status flags that indicate the operating status of the SCI, and
multiprocessor bits.
SSR can be read or written to by the CPU at all times. However, 1 cannot be written to flags
TDRE, RDRF, ORER, PER, and FER. Also note that in order to clear these flags they must be
read as 1 beforehand. The TEND flag and MPB flag are read-only flags and cannot be modified.
SSR is initialized to H'84 by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode.
Bit 7—Transmit Data Register Empty (TDRE): Indicates that data has been transferred from
TDR to TSR and the next serial data can be written to TDR.
Bit 7
TDRE
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
•
•
1
When 0 is written to TDRE after reading TDRE = 1
When the DMAC* or DTC is activated by a TXI interrupt and writes data to TDR
[Setting conditions]
(Initial value)
•
When the TE bit in SCR is 0
•
When data is transferred from TDR to TSR and data can be written to TDR
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 6—Receive Data Register Full (RDRF): Indicates that the received data is stored in RDR.
Bit 6
RDRF
0
Description
[Clearing conditions]
(Initial value)
• When 0 is written to RDRF after reading RDRF = 1
• When the DMAC* or DTC is activated by an RXI interrupt and reads data from
RDR
1
[Setting condition]
When serial reception ends normally and receive data is transferred from RSR to RDR
Notes: RDR and the RDRF flag are not affected and retain their previous values when an error is
detected during reception or when the RE bit in SCR is cleared to 0.
If reception of the next data is completed while the RDRF flag is still set to 1, an overrun
error will occur and the receive data will be lost.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Bit 5—Overrun Error (ORER): Indicates that an overrun error occurred during reception,
causing abnormal termination.
Bit 5
ORER
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
1
(Initial value)*
When 0 is written to ORER after reading ORER = 1
1
[Setting condition]
2
When the next serial reception is completed while RDRF = 1*
Notes: 1. The ORER flag is not affected and retains its previous state when the RE bit in SCR is
cleared to 0.
2. The receive data prior to the overrun error is retained in RDR, and the data received
subsequently is lost. Also, subsequent serial reception cannot be continued while the
ORER flag is set to 1. In synchronous mode, serial transmission cannot be continued,
either.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 4—Framing Error (FER): Indicates that a framing error occurred during reception in
asynchronous mode, causing abnormal termination.
Bit 4
FER
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
1
(Initial value)*
When 0 is written to FER after reading FER = 1
1
[Setting condition]
When the SCI checks the stop bit at the end of the receive data when reception ends,
2
and the stop bit is 0 *
Notes: 1. The FER flag is not affected and retains its previous state when the RE bit in SCR is
cleared to 0.
2. In 2-stop-bit mode, only the first stop bit is checked for a value of 0; the second stop bit
is not checked. If a framing error occurs, the receive data is transferred to RDR but the
RDRF flag is not set. Also, subsequent serial reception cannot be continued while the
FER flag is set to 1. In synchronous mode, serial transmission cannot be continued,
either.
Bit 3—Parity Error (PER): Indicates that a parity error occurred during reception using parity
addition in asynchronous mode, causing abnormal termination.
Bit 3
PER
Description
0
[Clearing condition]
1
[Setting condition]
When, in reception, the number of 1 bits in the receive data plus the parity bit does not
2
match the parity setting (even or odd) specified by the O/E bit in SMR*
1
(Initial value)*
When 0 is written to PER after reading PER = 1
Notes: 1. The PER flag is not affected and retains its previous state when the RE bit in SCR is
cleared to 0.
2. If a parity error occurs, the receive data is transferred to RDR but the RDRF flag is not
set. Also, subsequent serial reception cannot be continued while the PER flag is set to
1. In synchronous mode, serial transmission cannot be continued, either.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 2—Transmit End (TEND): Indicates that there is no valid data in TDR when the last bit of
the transmit character is sent, and transmission has been ended.
The TEND flag is read-only and cannot be modified.
Bit 2
TEND
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
•
•
1
When 0 is written to TDRE after reading TDRE = 1
When the DMAC* or DTC is activated by a TXI interrupt and writes data to TDR
[Setting conditions]
(Initial value)
•
When the TE bit in SCR is 0
•
When TDRE = 1 at transmission of the last bit of a 1-byte serial transmit character
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Bit 1—Multiprocessor Bit (MPB): When reception is performed using multiprocessor format in
asynchronous mode, MPB stores the multiprocessor bit in the receive data.
MPB is a read-only bit, and cannot be modified.
Bit 1
MPB
Description
[Clearing condition]
(Initial value)*
When data with a 0 multiprocessor bit is received
1
[Setting condition]
When data with a 1 multiprocessor bit is received
Note: * Retains its previous state when the RE bit in SCR is cleared to 0 with multiprocessor
format.
0
Bit 0—Multiprocessor Bit Transfer (MPBT): When transmission is performed using
multiprocessor format in asynchronous mode, MPBT stores the multiprocessor bit to be added to
the transmit data.
The MPBT bit setting is invalid when multiprocessor format is not used, when not transmitting,
and in synchronous mode.
Bit 0
MPBT
Description
0
Data with a 0 multiprocessor bit is transmitted
1
Data with a 1 multiprocessor bit is transmitted
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 614 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.8
Bit
Bit Rate Register (BRR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
BRR is an 8-bit register that sets the serial transfer bit rate in accordance with the baud rate
generator operating clock selected by bits CKS1 and CKS0 in SMR.
BRR can be read or written to by the CPU at all times.
BRR is initialized to H'FF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. In software standby mode
and module stop mode it retains its previous state.
As baud rate generator control is performed independently for each channel, different values can
be set for each channel.
Table 14.3 shows sample BRR settings in asynchronous mode, and table 14.4 shows sample BRR
settings in synchronous mode.
Table 14.3 BRR Settings for Various Bit Rates (Asynchronous Mode)
φ = 2 MHz
φ = 2.097152 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
1
141
0.03
1
148
150
1
103
0.16
1
300
0
207
0.16
600
0
103
1200
0
2400
0
4800
φ = 2.4576 MHz
φ = 3 MHz
N
Error
(%)
N
Error
(%)
–0.04 1
174
–0.26 1
212
0.03
108
0.21
1
127
0.00
1
155
0.16
0
217
0.21
0
255
0.00
1
77
0.16
0.16
0
108
0.21
0
127
0.00
0
155
0.16
51
0.16
0
54
–0.70 0
63
0.00
0
77
0.16
25
0.16
0
26
1.14
0
31
0.00
0
38
0.16
0
12
0.16
0
13
–2.48 0
15
0.00
0
19
–2.34
9600
0
6
—
0
6
–2.48 0
7
0.00
0
9
–2.34
19200
0
2
—
0
2
—
0
3
0.00
0
4
–2.34
31250
0
1
0.00
0
1
—
0
1
—
0
2
0.00
38400
0
1
—
0
1
—
0
1
0.00
—
—
—
n
n
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 615 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
φ = 3.6864 MHz
φ = 4 MHz
φ = 4.9152 MHz
φ = 5 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
2
64
0.70
2
70
0.03
2
86
0.31
2
88
–0.25
150
1
191
0.00
1
207
0.16
1
255
0.00
2
64
0.16
300
1
95
0.00
1
103
0.16
1
127
0.00
1
129
0.16
600
0
191
0.00
0
207
0.16
0
255
0.00
1
64
0.16
1200
0
95
0.00
0
103
0.16
0
127
0.00
0
129
0.16
2400
0
47
0.00
0
51
0.16
0
63
0.00
0
64
0.16
4800
0
23
0.00
0
25
0.16
0
31
0.00
0
32
–1.36
9600
0
11
0.00
0
12
0.16
0
15
0.00
0
15
1.73
19200
0
5
0.00
0
6
—
0
7
0.00
0
7
1.73
31250
—
—
—
0
3
0.00
0
4
–1.70 0
4
0.00
38400
0
2
0.00
0
2
—
0
3
0.00
3
1.73
φ = 6 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
2
106
150
2
300
φ = 6.144 MHz
0
φ = 7.3728 MHz
φ = 8 MHz
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
–0.44 2
108
0.08
2
130
77
0.16
2
79
0.00
2
1
155
0.16
1
159
0.00
600
1
77
0.16
1
79
0.00
1200
0
155
0.16
0
159
0.00
0
191
0.00
0
207
0.16
2400
0
77
0.16
0
79
0.00
0
95
0.00
0
103
0.16
4800
0
38
0.16
0
39
0.00
0
47
0.00
0
51
0.16
9600
0
19
–2.34 0
19
0.00
0
23
0.00
0
25
0.16
19200
0
9
–2.34 0
9
0.00
0
11
0.00
0
12
0.16
31250
0
5
0.00
0
5
2.40
—
—
—
0
7
0.00
38400
0
4
–2.34 0
4
0.00
0
5
0.00
—
—
—
n
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 616 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
N
Error
(%)
–0.07 2
141
0.03
95
0.00
2
103
0.16
1
191
0.00
1
207
0.16
1
95
0.00
1
103
0.16
n
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
φ = 9.8304 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
2
174
150
2
300
φ = 10 MHz
N
Error
(%)
–0.26 2
177
127
0.00
2
1
255
0.00
600
1
127
1200
0
2400
0
4800
φ = 12 MHz
φ = 12.288 MHz
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
–0.25 2
212
0.03
2
217
0.08
129
0.16
2
155
0.16
2
159
0.00
2
64
0.16
2
77
0.16
2
79
0.00
0.00
1
129
0.16
1
155
0.16
1
159
0.00
255
0.00
1
64
0.16
1
77
0.16
1
79
0.00
127
0.00
0
129
0.16
0
155
0.16
0
159
0.00
0
63
0.00
0
64
0.16
0
77
0.16
0
79
0.00
9600
0
31
0.00
0
32
–1.36 0
38
0.16
0
39
0.00
19200
0
15
0.00
0
15
1.73
19
–2.34 0
19
0.00
31250
0
9
–1.70 0
9
0.00
0
11
0.00
38400
0
7
0.00
7
1.73
0
9
–2.34 0
n
0
φ = 14 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
2
248
150
2
300
n
0
φ = 14.7456 MHz
0
φ = 16 MHz
11
2.40
9
0.00
φ = 17.2032 MHz
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
–0.17 3
64
0.70
3
70
0.03
3
75
0.48
181
0.16
2
191
0.00
2
207
0.16
2
223
0.00
2
90
0.16
2
95
0.00
2
103
0.16
2
111
0.00
600
1
181
0.16
1
191
0.00
1
207
0.16
1
223
0.00
1200
1
90
0.16
1
95
0.00
1
103
0.16
1
111
0.00
2400
0
181
0.16
0
191
0.00
0
207
0.16
0
223
0.00
4800
0
90
0.16
0
95
0.00
0
103
0.16
0
111
0.00
9600
0
45
–0.93 0
47
0.00
0
51
0.16
0
55
0.00
19200
0
22
–0.93 0
23
0.00
0
25
0.16
0
27
0.00
31250
0
13
0.00
0
14
–1.70 0
15
0.00
0
16
1.20
38400
0
10
—
0
11
0.00
12
0.16
0
13
0.00
n
0
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 617 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
φ = 18 MHz
Bit Rate
(bits/s)
n
N
Error
(%)
110
3
79
150
2
300
φ = 19.6608 MHz
φ = 20 MHz
N
Error
(%)
n
N
Error
(%)
–0.12 3
86
0.31
3
88
233
0.16
2
255
0.00
3
2
116
0.16
2
127
0.00
600
1
233
0.16
1
255
1200
1
116
0.16
1
2400
0
233
0.16
0
4800
0
116
0.16
0
9600
0
58
19200
0
31250
38400
φ = 25 MHz
N
Error
(%)
–0.25 3
110
–0.02
64
0.16
3
80
0.47
2
129
0.16
2
162
–0.15
0.00
2
64
0.16
2
80
0.47
127
0.00
1
129
0.16
1
162
–0.15
255
0.00
1
64
0.16
1
80
0.47
127
0.00
0
129
0.16
0
162
–0.15
–0.69 0
63
0.00
0
64
0.16
0
80
0.47
28
1.02
0
31
0.00
0
32
–1.36 0
40
–0.76
0
17
0.00
0
19
–1.70 0
19
0.00
0
24
1.00
0
14
–2.34 0
15
0.00
15
1.73
0
19
1.73
n
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 618 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
0
n
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.4 BRR Settings for Various Bit Rates (Synchronous Mode)
Bit Rate φ = 2 MHz
(bits/s) n
N
110
3
70
250
2
500
1
1k
φ = 4 MHz
φ = 8 MHz
φ = 10 MHz
φ = 16 MHz
n
N
n
N
n
N
n
N
124
2
249
3
124
—
—
3
249
249
2
124
2
249
—
—
3
1
124
1
249
2
124
—
—
2.5 k
0
199
1
99
1
199
1
5k
0
99
0
199
1
99
10 k
0
49
0
99
0
25 k
0
19
0
39
0
50 k
0
9
0
19
100 k
0
4
0
250 k
0
1
500 k
0
0*
1M
2.5 M
5M
Note:
Blank:
—:
*:
φ = 20 MHz
n
N
124
—
—
2
249
—
249
2
99
1
124
1
199
0
249
79
0
99
0
39
0
9
0
19
0
3
0
0
1
0
0*
φ = 25 MHz
n
N
—
3
97
2
124
2
155
199
1
249
2
77
1
99
1
124
1
155
0
159
0
199
0
249
49
0
79
0
99
0
124
0
24
0
39
0
49
0
62
7
0
9
0
15
0
19
0
24
0
3
0
4
0
7
0
9
—
—
0
1
0
3
0
0*
0
4
—
—
0
1
—
—
0
0*
—
—
As far as possible, the setting should be made so that the error is no more than 1%.
Cannot be set.
Can be set, but there will be a degree of error.
Continuous transfer is not possible.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 619 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
The BRR setting is found from the following formulas.
Asynchronous mode:
N=
φ
64 × 2
2n–1
×B
× 106 – 1
Synchronous mode:
N=
Where B:
N:
φ:
n:
φ
8×2
2n–1
×B
× 106 – 1
Bit rate (bits/s)
BRR setting for baud rate generator (0 ≤ N ≤ 255)
Operating frequency (MHz)
Baud rate generator input clock (n = 0 to 3)
(See the table below for the relation between n and the clock.)
SMR Setting
n
Clock
CKS1
CKS0
0
φ
0
0
1
φ/4
0
1
2
φ/16
1
0
3
φ/64
1
1
The bit rate error in asynchronous mode is found from the following formula:
Error (%) = {
φ × 106
(N + 1) × B × 64 × 22n–1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 620 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
– 1} × 100
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.5 shows the maximum bit rate for each frequency in asynchronous mode. Tables 14.6
and 14.7 show the maximum bit rates with external clock input.
Table 14.5 Maximum Bit Rate for Each Frequency (Asynchronous Mode)
φ (MHz)
Maximum Bit Rate (bits/s)
n
N
2
62500
0
0
2.097152
65536
0
0
2.4576
76800
0
0
3
93750
0
0
3.6864
115200
0
0
4
125000
0
0
4.9152
153600
0
0
5
156250
0
0
6
187500
0
0
6.144
192000
0
0
7.3728
230400
0
0
8
250000
0
0
9.8304
307200
0
0
10
312500
0
0
12
375000
0
0
12.288
384000
0
0
14
437500
0
0
14.7456
460800
0
0
16
500000
0
0
17.2032
537600
0
0
18
562500
0
0
19.6608
614400
0
0
20
625000
0
0
25
781250
0
0
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 621 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.6 Maximum Bit Rate with External Clock Input (Asynchronous Mode)
φ (MHz)
External Input Clock (MHz)
Maximum Bit Rate (bits/s)
2
0.5000
31250
2.097152
0.5243
32768
2.4576
0.6144
38400
3
0.7500
46875
3.6864
0.9216
57600
4
1.0000
62500
4.9152
1.2288
76800
5
1.2500
78125
6
1.5000
93750
6.144
1.5360
96000
7.3728
1.8432
115200
8
2.0000
125000
9.8304
2.4576
153600
10
2.5000
156250
12
3.0000
187500
12.288
3.0720
192000
14
3.5000
218750
14.7456
3.6864
230400
16
4.0000
250000
17.2032
4.3008
268800
18
4.5000
281250
19.6608
4.9152
307200
20
5.0000
312500
25
6.2500
390625
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 622 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.7 Maximum Bit Rate with External Clock Input (Synchronous Mode)
φ (MHz)
External Input Clock (MHz)
Maximum Bit Rate (bits/s)
2
0.3333
333333.3
4
0.6667
666666.7
6
1.0000
1000000.0
8
1.3333
1333333.3
10
1.6667
1666666.7
12
2.0000
2000000.0
14
2.3333
2333333.3
16
2.6667
2666666.7
18
3.0000
3000000.0
20
3.3333
3333333.3
25
4.1667
4166666.7
14.2.9
Bit
Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
SDIR
SINV
—
SMIF
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
—
R/W
:
SCMR selects LSB-first or MSB-first transfer by means of bit SDIR. Except in the case of
asynchronous mode 7-bit data, LSB-first or MSB-first transfer can be selected regardless of the
serial communication mode. The descriptions in this chapter refer to LSB-first transfer.
For details of the other bits in SCMR, see section 15.2.1, Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR).
SCMR is initialized to H'F2 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. In software standby mode
and module stop mode it retains its previous state.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 623 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Bit 3—Smart Card Data Transfer Direction (SDIR): Selects the serial/parallel conversion
format.
This bit is valid when 8-bit data is used as the transmit/receive format.
Bit 3
SDIR
Description
0
TDR contents are transmitted LSB-first
(Initial value)
Receive data is stored in RDR LSB-first
1
TDR contents are transmitted MSB-first
Receive data is stored in RDR MSB-first
Bit 2—Smart Card Data Invert (SINV): Specifies inversion of the data logic level. The SINV
bit does not affect the logic level of the parity bit(s): parity bit inversion requires inversion of the
O/E bit in SMR.
Bit 2
SINV
Description
0
TDR contents are transmitted without modification
(Initial value)
Receive data is stored in RDR without modification
1
TDR contents are inverted before being transmitted
Receive data is stored in RDR in inverted form
Bit 1—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bit 0—Smart Card Interface Mode Select (SMIF): When the smart card interface operates as a
normal SCI, 0 should be written to this bit.
Bit 0
SMIF
Description
0
Operates as normal SCI (smart card interface function disabled)
1
Smart card interface function enabled
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 624 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(Initial value)
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.2.10 Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the corresponding bit of bits MSTP7 to MSTP5 is set to 1, SCI operation stops at the end of
the bus cycle and a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to
in module stop mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 7—Module Stop (MSTP7): Specifies the SCI channel 2 module stop mode.
Bit 7
MSTP7
Description
0
SCI channel 2 module stop mode cleared
1
SCI channel 2 module stop mode set
(Initial value)
Bit 6—Module Stop (MSTP6): Specifies the SCI channel 1 module stop mode.
Bit 6
MSTP6
Description
0
SCI channel 1 module stop mode cleared
1
SCI channel 1 module stop mode set
(Initial value)
Bit 5—Module Stop (MSTP5): Specifies the SCI channel 0 module stop mode.
Bit 5
MSTP5
Description
0
SCI channel 0 module stop mode cleared
1
SCI channel 0 module stop mode set
(Initial value)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 625 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.3
Operation
14.3.1
Overview
The SCI can carry out serial communication in two modes: asynchronous mode in which
synchronization is achieved character by character, and synchronous mode in which
synchronization is achieved with clock pulses.
Selection of asynchronous or synchronous mode and the transmission format is made using SMR
as shown in table 14.8. The SCI clock is determined by a combination of the C/A bit in SMR and
the CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCR, as shown in table 14.9.
Asynchronous Mode
• Data length: Choice of 7 or 8 bits
• Choice of parity addition, multiprocessor bit addition, and addition of 1 or 2 stop bits (the
combination of these parameters determines the transfer format and character length)
• Detection of framing, parity, and overrun errors, and breaks, during reception
• Choice of internal or external clock as SCI clock source
⎯ When internal clock is selected:
The SCI operates on the baud rate generator clock and a clock with the same frequency as
the bit rate can be output
⎯ When external clock is selected:
A clock with a frequency of 16 times the bit rate must be input (the built-in baud rate
generator is not used)
Synchronous Mode
• Transfer format: Fixed 8-bit data
• Detection of overrun errors during reception
• Choice of internal or external clock as SCI clock source
⎯ When internal clock is selected:
The SCI operates on the baud rate generator clock and a serial clock is output off-chip
⎯ When external clock is selected:
The built-in baud rate generator is not used, and the SCI operates on the input serial clock
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 626 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.8 SMR Settings and Serial Transfer Format Selection
SCI Transfer Format
SMR Settings
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 2
Bit 5
Bit 3
C/A
CHR
MP
PE
STOP
Mode
0
0
0
0
0
Asynchronous
mode
1
1
Data
Length
Multiprocessor
Bit
Parity
Bit
8-bit data
No
No
0
0
Yes
0
7-bit data
No
1
0
1
1
—
—
—
0
—
1
—
0
—
1
—
—
1 bit
2 bits
Yes
1
0
1 bit
2 bits
1
1
1 bit
2 bits
1
1
Stop Bit
Length
1 bit
2 bits
Asynchronous
mode (multiprocessor
format)
8-bit data
Yes
No
1 bit
2 bits
7-bit data
1 bit
2 bits
Synchronous mode 8-bit data
No
None
Table 14.9 SMR and SCR Settings and SCI Clock Source Selection
SMR
SCR Setting
SCI Transmit/Receive Clock
Bit 7
Bit 1
Bit 0
C/A
CKE1
CKE0
Mode
0
0
0
Asynchronous
mode
1
1
0
Clock
Source
SCK Pin Function
Internal
SCI does not use SCK pin
Outputs clock with same frequency as bit
rate
External
Inputs clock with frequency of 16 times
the bit rate
Internal
Outputs serial clock
External
Inputs serial clock
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
Synchronous
mode
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 627 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.3.2
Operation in Asynchronous Mode
In asynchronous mode, characters are sent or received, each preceded by a start bit indicating the
start of communication and one or two stop bits indicating the end of communication. Serial
communication is thus carried out with synchronization established on a character-by-character
basis.
Inside the SCI, the transmitter and receiver are independent units, enabling full-duplex
communication. Both the transmitter and the receiver also have a double-buffered structure, so
that data can be read or written during transmission or reception, enabling continuous data
transfer.
Figure 14.2 shows the general format for asynchronous serial communication.
In asynchronous serial communication, the communication line is usually held in the mark state
(high level). The SCI monitors the communication line, and when it goes to the space state (low
level), recognizes a start bit and starts serial communication.
One serial communication character consists of a start bit (low level), followed by data (in LSBfirst order), a parity bit (high or low level), and finally one or two stop bits (high level).
In asynchronous mode, the SCI performs synchronization at the falling edge of the start bit in
reception. The SCI samples the data on the 8th pulse of a clock with a frequency of 16 times the
length of one bit, so that the transfer data is latched at the center of each bit.
Idle state
(mark state)
1
Serial
data
MSB
LSB
0
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
Start
bit
Transmit/receive data
1 bit
7 or 8 bits
D6
D7
1
0/1
1
1
Parity Stop bit(s)
bit
1 bit,
or none
1 or
2 bits
One unit of transfer data (character or frame)
Figure 14.2 Data Format in Asynchronous Communication
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Parity, Two Stop Bits)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 628 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Data Transfer Format
Table 14.10 shows the data transfer formats that can be used in asynchronous mode. Any of 12
transfer formats can be selected according to the SMR setting.
Table 14.10 Serial Transfer Formats (Asynchronous Mode)
SMR Settings
Serial Transfer Format and Frame Length
CHR
PE
MP
STOP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0
0
0
0
S
8-bit data
STOP
0
0
0
1
S
8-bit data
STOP STOP
0
1
0
0
S
8-bit data
P STOP
0
1
0
1
S
8-bit data
P STOP STOP
1
0
0
0
S
7-bit data
STOP
1
0
0
1
S
7-bit data
STOP STOP
1
1
0
0
S
7-bit data
P
STOP
1
1
0
1
S
7-bit data
P
STOP STOP
0
⎯
1
0
S
8-bit data
MPB STOP
0
⎯
1
1
S
8-bit data
MPB STOP STOP
1
⎯
1
0
S
7-bit data
MPB STOP
1
⎯
1
1
S
7-bit data
MPB STOP STOP
Legend:
S:
Start bit
STOP: Stop bit
P:
Parity bit
MPB: Multiprocessor bit
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 629 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Clock
Either an internal clock generated by the built-in baud rate generator or an external clock input at
the SCK pin can be selected as the SCI’s serial clock, according to the setting of the C/A bit in
SMR and the CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCR. For details of SCI clock source selection, see table
14.9.
When an external clock is input at the SCK pin, the clock frequency should be 16 times the bit rate
used.
When the SCI is operated on an internal clock, the clock can be output from the SCK pin. The
frequency of the clock output in this case is equal to the bit rate, and the phase is such that the
rising edge of the clock is at the center of each transmit data bit, as shown in figure 14.3.
0
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
0/1
1
1
1 frame
Figure 14.3 Relation between Output Clock and Transfer Data Phase
(Asynchronous Mode)
Data Transfer Operations
SCI initialization (asynchronous mode): Before transmitting or receiving data, first clear the TE
and RE bits in SCR to 0, then initialize the SCI as described below.
When the operating mode, transfer format, etc., is changed, the TE and RE bits must be cleared to
0 before making the change using the following procedure. When the TE bit is cleared to 0, the
TDRE flag is set to 1 and TSR is initialized. Note that clearing the RE bit to 0 does not change the
contents of the RDRF, PER, FER, and ORER flags, or the contents of RDR.
When an external clock is used the clock should not be stopped during operation, including
initialization, since operation will be unreliable in this case.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 630 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Figure 14.4 shows a sample SCI initialization flowchart.
[1] Set the clock selection in SCR.
Be sure to clear bits RIE, TIE,
TEIE, and MPIE, and bits TE and
RE, to 0.
Start of initialization
Clear TE and RE bits in SCR to 0
Set CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCR
(TE, RE bits 0)
[1]
Set data transfer format in
SMR and SCMR
[2]
Set value in BRR
[3]
When the clock is selected in
asynchronous mode, it is output
immediately after SCR settings are
made.
[2] Set the data transfer format in SMR
and SCMR.
[3] Write a value corresponding to the
bit rate to BRR. (Not necessary if
an external clock is used.)
Wait
No
1-bit interval elapsed?
Yes
Set TE or RE bit in
SCR to 1, and set RIE, TIE, TEIE,
and MPIE bits as necessary
[4] Wait at least one bit interval, then
set the TE bit or RE bit in SCR to 1.
Also set the RIE, TIE, TEIE, and
MPIE bits as necessary.
Setting the TE or RE bit enables
the TxD or RxD pin to be used.
[4]
<Initialization completed>
Figure 14.4 Sample SCI Initialization Flowchart
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 631 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Serial data transmission (asynchronous mode): Figure 14.5 shows a sample flowchart for serial
transmission.
The following procedure should be used for serial data transmission.
Initialization
[1]
Start of transmission
Read TDRE flag in SSR
[2]
[2] SCI status check and transmit data
write:
Read SSR and check that the
TDRE flag is set to 1, then write
transmit data to TDR and clear the
TDRE flag to 0.
No
TDRE = 1?
Yes
Write transmit data to TDR
and clear TDRE flag in SSR to 0
No
All data transmitted?
Yes
[3]
Read TEND flag in SSR
No
TEND = 1?
Yes
No
Break output?
Yes
[1] SCI initialization:
The TxD pin is automatically
designated as the transmit data
output pin.
After the TE bit is set to 1, a frame
of 1s is output, and transmission is
enabled.
[4]
[3] Serial transmission continuation
procedure:
To continue serial transmission,
read 1 from the TDRE flag to
confirm that writing is possible,
then write data to TDR, and then
clear the TDRE flag to 0. Checking
and clearing of the TDRE flag is
automatic when the DMAC* or DTC
is activated by a transmit-dataempty interrupt (TXI) request, and
data is written to TDR.
[4] Break output at the end of serial
transmission:
To output a break in serial
transmission, set DDR for the port
corresponding to the TxD pin to 1,
clear DR to 0, then clear the TE bit
in SCR to 0.
Clear DR to 0 and
set DDR to 1
Clear TE bit in SCR to 0
<End>
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 14.5 Sample Serial Transmission Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
In serial transmission, the SCI operates as described below.
[1] The SCI monitors the TDRE flag in SSR, and if is 0, recognizes that data has been written to
TDR, and transfers the data from TDR to TSR.
[2] After transferring data from TDR to TSR, the SCI sets the TDRE flag to 1 and starts
transmission.
If the TIE bit is set to 1 at this time, a transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) is generated.
The serial transmit data is sent from the TxD pin in the following order.
[a] Start bit:
One 0-bit is output.
[b] Transmit data:
8-bit or 7-bit data is output in LSB-first order.
[c] Parity bit or multiprocessor bit:
One parity bit (even or odd parity), or one multiprocessor bit is output.
A format in which neither a parity bit nor a multiprocessor bit is output can also be
selected.
[d] Stop bit(s):
One or two 1-bits (stop bits) are output.
[e] Mark state:
1 is output continuously until the start bit that starts the next transmission is sent.
[3] The SCI checks the TDRE flag at the timing for sending the stop bit.
If the TDRE flag is cleared to 0, the data is transferred from TDR to TSR, the stop bit is sent,
and then serial transmission of the next frame is started.
If the TDRE flag is set to 1, the TEND flag in SSR is set to 1, the stop bit is sent, and then the
mark state is entered in which 1 is output continuously. If the TEIE bit in SCR is set to 1 at this
time, a TEI interrupt request is generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 633 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Figure 14.6 shows an example of the operation for transmission in asynchronous mode.
1
Start
bit
0
Data
D0
D1
Parity Stop Start
bit
bit
bit
D7
0/1
1
0
Data
D0
D1
Parity Stop
bit
bit
D7
0/1
1
1
Idle state
(mark state)
TDRE
TEND
TXI interrupt
Data written to TDR and
TXI interrupt
request generated TDRE flag cleared to 0 in
request generated
TXI interrupt handling routine
TEI interrupt
request generated
1 frame
Figure 14.6 Example of Transmit Operation in Asynchronous Mode
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Parity, One Stop Bit)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 634 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Serial data reception (asynchronous mode): Figure 14.7 shows a sample flowchart for serial
reception.
The following procedure should be used for serial data reception.
Initialization
[1] SCI initialization:
The RxD pin is automatically
designated as the receive data
input pin.
[1]
Start of reception
[2] [3] Receive error handling and
break detection:
Read ORER, PER, and
If a receive error occurs, read the
[2]
FER flags in SSR
ORER, PER, and FER flags in
SSR to identify the error. After
performing the appropriate error
Yes
processing, ensure that the
PER ∨ FER ∨ ORER = 1?
ORER, PER, and FER flags are
[3]
all cleared to 0. Reception cannot
No
Error handling
be resumed if any of these flags
(Continued on next page) are set to 1. In the case of a
framing error, a break can be
detected by reading the value of
[4]
Read RDRF flag in SSR
the input port corresponding to
the RxD pin.
No
RDRF = 1?
[4] SCI status check and receive
data read :
Read SSR and check that RDRF
= 1, then read the receive data in
RDR and clear the RDRF flag to
0. Transition of the RDRF flag
from 0 to 1 can also be identified
by an RXI interrupt.
Yes
Read receive data in RDR, and
clear RDRF flag in SSR to 0
No
All data received?
[5]
Yes
Clear RE bit in SCR to 0
<End>
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
[5] Serial reception continuation
procedure:
To continue serial reception,
before the stop bit for the current
frame is received, read the
RDRF flag, read RDR, and clear
the RDRF flag to 0. The RDRF
flag is cleared automatically
when the DMAC* or DTC is
activated by an RXI interrupt and
the RDR value is read.
Figure 14.7 Sample Serial Reception Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
[3]
Error handling
No
ORER = 1?
Yes
Overrun error handling
No
FER = 1?
Yes
No
Break?
Yes
Framing error handling
Clear RE bit in SCR to 0
No
PER = 1?
Yes
Parity error handling
Clear ORER, PER, and
FER flags in SSR to 0
<End>
Figure 14.7 Sample Serial Reception Flowchart (cont)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 636 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
In serial reception, the SCI operates as described below.
[1] The SCI monitors the communication line, and if a 0 stop bit is detected, performs internal
synchronization and starts reception.
[2] The received data is stored in RSR in LSB-to-MSB order.
[3] The parity bit and stop bit are received.
After receiving these bits, the SCI carries out the following checks.
[a] Parity check:
The SCI checks whether the number of 1 bits in the receive data agrees with the parity
(even or odd) set in the O/E bit in SMR.
[b] Stop bit check:
The SCI checks whether the stop bit is 1.
If there are two stop bits, only the first is checked.
[c] Status check:
The SCI checks whether the RDRF flag is 0, indicating that the receive data can be
transferred from RSR to RDR.
If all the above checks are passed, the RDRF flag is set to 1, and the receive data is stored in
RDR.
If a receive error* is detected in the error check, the operation is as shown in table 14.11.
Note: * Subsequent receive operations cannot be performed when a receive error has occurred.
Also note that the RDRF flag is not set to 1 in reception, and so the error flags must be
cleared to 0.
[4] If the RIE bit in SCR is set to 1 when the RDRF flag changes to 1, a receive-data-full interrupt
(RXI) request is generated.
Also, if the RIE bit in SCR is set to 1 when the ORER, PER, or FER flag changes to 1, a
receive-error interrupt (ERI) request is generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 637 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.11 Receive Error Conditions
Receive Error
Abbreviation
Condition
Data Transfer
Overrun error
ORER
When the next data reception is Receive data is not
completed while the RDRF flag transferred from RSR to
RDR
in SSR is set to 1
Framing error
FER
When the stop bit is 0
Parity error
PER
When the received data differs Receive data is transferred
from the parity (even or odd) set from RSR to RDR
in SMR
Receive data is transferred
from RSR to RDR
Figure 14.8 shows an example of the operation for reception in asynchronous mode.
1
Start
bit
0
Data
D0
D1
Parity Stop Start
bit
bit
bit
D7
0/1
1
0
Data
D0
D1
Parity Stop
bit
bit
D7
0/1
0
1
Idle state
(mark state)
RDRF
FER
RXI interrupt
request
generated
RDR data read and RDRF
flag cleared to 0 in RXI
interrupt handling routine
1 frame
Figure 14.8 Example of SCI Receive Operation
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Parity, One Stop Bit)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 638 of 1268
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ERI interrupt request
generated by framing
error
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.3.3
Multiprocessor Communication Function
The multiprocessor communication function performs serial communication using the
multiprocessor format, in which a multiprocessor bit is added to the transfer data, in asynchronous
mode. Use of this function enables data transfer to be performed among a number of processors
sharing a single serial communication line.
When multiprocessor communication is carried out, each receiving station is addressed by a
unique ID code.
The serial communication cycle consists of two component cycles: an ID transmission cycle
which specifies the receiving station, and a data transmission cycle. The multiprocessor bit is used
to differentiate between the ID transmission cycle and the data transmission cycle.
The transmitting station first sends the ID of the receiving station with which it wants to perform
serial communication as data with a 1 multiprocessor bit added. It then sends transmit data as data
with a 0 multiprocessor bit added.
The receiving station skips the data until data with a 1 multiprocessor bit is sent.
When data with a 1 multiprocessor bit is received, the receiving station compares that data with its
own ID. The station whose ID matches then receives the data sent next. Stations whose ID does
not match continue to skip the data until data with a 1 multiprocessor bit is again received. In this
way, data communication is carried out among a number of processors.
Figure 14.9 shows an example of inter-processor communication using the multiprocessor format.
Data Transfer Formats
There are four data transfer formats.
When the multiprocessor format is specified, the parity bit specification is invalid.
For details, see table 14.10.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 639 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Clock
See section 14.3.2, Operation in Asynchronous Mode.
Transmitting
station
Serial communication line
Receiving
station A
Receiving
station B
Receiving
station C
Receiving
station D
(ID= 01)
(ID= 02)
(ID= 03)
(ID= 04)
Serial
data
H'01
H'AA
(MPB= 1)
ID transmission cycle=
receiving station
specification
(MPB= 0)
Data transmission cycle=
Data transmission to
receiving station specified by ID
Legend:
MPB: Multiprocessor bit
Figure 14.9 Example of Inter-Processor Communication Using Multiprocessor Format
(Transmission of Data H'AA to Receiving Station A)
Data Transfer Operations
Multiprocessor serial data transmission: Figure 14.10 shows a sample flowchart for
multiprocessor serial data transmission.
The following procedure should be used for multiprocessor serial data transmission.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 640 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
[1] [1] SCI initialization:
Initialization
Start of transmission
Read TDRE flag in SSR
[2]
No
TDRE = 1?
Yes
Write transmit data to TDR and
set MPBT bit in SSR
Clear TDRE flag to 0
No
All data transmitted?
Yes
Read TEND flag in SSR
No
The TxD pin is automatically
designated as the transmit data
output pin.
After the TE bit is set to 1,
a frame of 1s is output, and
transmission is enabled.
[2] SCI status check and transmit
data write:
Read SSR and check that the
TDRE flag is set to 1, then write
transmit data to TDR. Set the
MPBT bit in SSR to 0 or 1.
Finally, clear the TDRE flag to 0.
[3] Serial transmission continuation
procedure:
To continue serial transmission,
be sure to read 1 from the TDRE
flag to confirm that writing is
[3]
possible, then write data to TDR,
and then clear the TDRE flag to
0. Checking and clearing of the
TDRE flag is automatic when the
DMAC* or DTC is activated by a
transmit-data-empty interrupt
(TXI) request, and data is written
to TDR.
TEND = 1?
Yes
No
Break output?
[4] Break output at the end of serial
transmission:
To output a break in serial
transmission, set the port DDR to
[4]
1, clear DR to 0, then clear the
TE bit in SCR to 0.
Yes
Clear DR to 0 and set DDR to 1
Clear TE bit in SCR to 0
<End>
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 14.10 Sample Multiprocessor Serial Transmission Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
In serial transmission, the SCI operates as described below.
[1] The SCI monitors the TDRE flag in SSR, and if is 0, recognizes that data has been written to
TDR, and transfers the data from TDR to TSR.
[2] After transferring data from TDR to TSR, the SCI sets the TDRE flag to 1 and starts
transmission.
If the TIE bit is set to 1 at this time, a transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) is generated.
The serial transmit data is sent from the TxD pin in the following order.
[a] Start bit:
One 0-bit is output.
[b] Transmit data:
8-bit or 7-bit data is output in LSB-first order.
[c] Multiprocessor bit
One multiprocessor bit (MPBT value) is output.
[d] Stop bit(s):
One or two 1-bits (stop bits) are output.
[e] Mark state:
1 is output continuously until the start bit that starts the next transmission is sent.
[3] The SCI checks the TDRE flag at the timing for sending the stop bit.
If the TDRE flag is cleared to 0, data is transferred from TDR to TSR, the stop bit is sent, and
then serial transmission of the next frame is started.
If the TDRE flag is set to 1, the TEND flag in SSR is set to 1, the stop bit is sent, and then the
mark state is entered in which 1 is output continuously. If the TEIE bit in SCR is set to 1 at this
time, a transmit-end interrupt (TEI) request is generated.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 642 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Figure 14.11 shows an example of SCI operation for transmission using the multiprocessor
format.
1
Start
bit
0
MultiprocesStop
sor
bit
bit
Data
D0
D1
D7
0/1
1
Start
bit
0
Multiproces- Stop
1
sor bit bit
Data
D0
D1
D7
0/1
1
Idle state
(mark state)
TDRE
TEND
TXI interrupt
request generated
Data written to TDR
and TDRE flag cleared to
0 in TXI interrupt handling
routine
TXI interrupt
request generated
TEI interrupt
request generated
1 frame
Figure 14.11 Example of SCI Transmit Operation
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Multiprocessor Bit, One Stop Bit)
Multiprocessor serial data reception: Figure 14.12 shows a sample flowchart for
multiprocessor serial reception.
The following procedure should be used for multiprocessor serial data reception.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 643 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Initialization
[1]
[1] SCI initialization:
The RxD pin is automatically
designated as the receive data
input pin.
[2]
[2] ID reception cycle:
Set the MPIE bit in SCR to 1.
Start of reception
Read MPIE bit in SCR
Read ORER and FER flags in SSR
FER ∨ ORER = 1?
[3] SCI status check, ID reception
and comparison:
Read SSR and check that the
RDRF flag is set to 1, then read
the receive data in RDR and
compare it with this station’s ID.
If the data is not this station’s ID,
set the MPIE bit to 1 again, and
clear the RDRF flag to 0.
If the data is this station’s ID,
clear the RDRF flag to 0.
Yes
No
Read RDRF flag in SSR
[3]
No
RDRF = 1?
Yes
[4] SCI status check and data
reception:
Read SSR and check that the
RDRF flag is set to 1, then read
the data in RDR.
Read receive data in RDR
No
This station's ID?
Yes
[5] Receive error handling and break
detection:
If a receive error occurs, read the
ORER and FER flags in SSR to
identify the error. After
performing the appropriate error
handling, ensure that the ORER
and FER flags are both cleared
to 0.
Reception cannot be resumed if
either of these flags is set to 1.
In the case of a framing error, a
break can be detected by reading
the RxD pin value.
Read ORER and FER flags in SSR
FER ∨ ORER = 1?
Yes
No
Read RDRF flag in SSR
[4]
No
RDRF = 1?
Yes
Read receive data in RDR
No
All data received?
[5]
Error handling
Yes
Clear RE bit in SCR to 0
(Continued on
next page)
<End>
Figure 14.12 Sample Multiprocessor Serial Reception Flowchart
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 644 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
[5]
Error handling
No
ORER = 1?
Yes
Overrun error handling
No
FER = 1?
Yes
Yes
Break?
No
Framing error handling
Clear RE bit in SCR to 0
Clear ORER, PER, and
FER flags in SSR to 0
<End>
Figure 14.12 Sample Multiprocessor Serial Reception Flowchart (cont)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 645 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Figure 14.13 shows an example of SCI operation for multiprocessor format reception.
1
Start
bit
0
Data (ID1)
MPB
D0
D1
D7
1
Stop
bit
Start
bit
1
0
Data (Data1)
MPB
D0
D1
D7
0
Stop
bit
1
1 Idle state
(mark state)
MPIE
RDRF
RDR
value
ID1
MPIE = 0
RXI interrupt
request
(multiprocessor
interrupt)
generated
RDR data read
and RDRF flag
cleared to 0 in
RXI interrupt
handling routine
If not this station's ID, RXI interrupt request is
MPIE bit is set to 1
not generated, and RDR
again
retains its state
(a) Data does not match station's ID
1
Start
bit
0
Data (ID2)
MPB
D0
D1
D7
1
Stop
bit
Start
bit
1
0
Data (Data2)
MPB
D0
D1
D7
0
Stop
bit
1
1 Idle state
(mark state)
MPIE
RDRF
RDR
value
ID1
MPIE = 0
ID2
RXI interrupt
request
(multiprocessor
interrupt)
generated
RDR data read and
RDRF flag cleared
to 0 in RXI interrupt
handling routine
Matches this station's ID,
so reception continues, and
data is received in RXI
interrupt handling routine
(b) Data matches station's ID
Figure 14.13 Example of SCI Receive Operation
(Example with 8-Bit Data, Multiprocessor Bit, One Stop Bit)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 646 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Data2
MPIE bit set to 1
again
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.3.4
Operation in Synchronous Mode
In synchronous mode, data is transmitted or received in synchronization with clock pulses, making
it suitable for high-speed serial communication.
Inside the SCI, the transmitter and receiver are independent units, enabling full-duplex
communication by use of a common clock. Both the transmitter and the receiver also have a
double-buffered structure, so that data can be read or written during transmission or reception,
enabling continuous data transfer.
Figure 14.14 shows the general format for synchronous serial communication.
One unit of transfer data (character or frame)
*
*
Serial
clock
LSB
Serial
data
Bit 0
MSB
Bit 1
Bit 2
Bit 3
Bit 4
Bit 5
Bit 6
Bit 7
Don't care
Don't care
Note: * High except in continuous transfer
Figure 14.14 Data Format in Synchronous Communication
In synchronous serial communication, data on the communication line is output from one falling
edge of the serial clock to the next. Data confirmation is guaranteed at the rising edge of the serial
clock.
In synchronous serial communication, one character consists of data output starting with the LSB
and ending with the MSB. After the MSB is output, the communication line holds the MSB state.
In synchronous mode, the SCI receives data in synchronization with the rising edge of the serial
clock.
Data Transfer Format
A fixed 8-bit data format is used.
No parity or multiprocessor bits are added.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 647 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Clock
Either an internal clock generated by the built-in baud rate generator or an external serial clock
input at the SCK pin can be selected, according to the setting of the C/A bit in SMR and the CKE1
and CKE0 bits in SCR. For details of SCI clock source selection, see table 14.9.
When the SCI is operated on an internal clock, the serial clock is output from the SCK pin.
Eight serial clock pulses are output in the transfer of one character, and when no transfer is
performed the clock is fixed high. When only receive operations are performed, however, the
serial clock is output until an overrun error occurs or the RE bit is cleared to 0. To perform receive
operations in units of one character, an external clock should be selected as the clock source.
Data Transfer Operations
SCI initialization (synchronous mode): Before transmitting or receiving data, first clear the TE
and RE bits in SCR to 0, then initialize the SCI as described below.
When the operating mode, transfer format, etc., is changed, the TE and RE bits must be cleared to
0 before making the change using the following procedure. When the TE bit is cleared to 0, the
TDRE flag is set to 1 and TSR is initialized. Note that clearing the RE bit to 0 does not change the
contents of the RDRF, PER, FER, and ORER flags, or the contents of RDR.
Figure 14.15 shows a sample SCI initialization flowchart.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 648 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
[1] Set the clock selection in SCR. Be sure
to clear bits RIE, TIE, TEIE, and MPIE,
TE and RE, to 0.
Start of initialization
Clear TE and RE bits in SCR to 0
[2] Set the data transfer format in SMR
and SCMR.
Set CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCR
(TE, RE bits 0)
[1]
Set data transfer format in
SMR and SCMR
[2]
Set value in BRR
[3]
Wait
[3] Write a value corresponding to the bit
rate to BRR. (Not necessary if an
external clock is used.)
[4] Wait at least one bit interval, then set
the TE bit or RE bit in SCR to 1.
Also set the RIE, TIE, TEIE, and MPIE
bits as necessary.
Setting the TE or RE bit enables the
TxD or RxD pin to be used.
No
1-bit interval elapsed?
Yes
Set TE or RE bit in SCR to 1, and
set RIE, TIE, TEIE, and MPIE bits
as necessary
[4]
<Transfer start>
Note: In simultaneous transmit and receive operations, the TE and RE bits should
both be cleared to 0 or set to 1 simultaneously.
Figure 14.15 Sample SCI Initialization Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Serial data transmission (synchronous mode): Figure 14.16 shows a sample flowchart for serial
transmission.
The following procedure should be used for serial data transmission.
Initialization
[1]
Start of transmission
Read TDRE flag in SSR
[2]
No
TDRE = 1?
Yes
Write transmit data to TDR and
clear TDRE flag in SSR to 0
No
All data transmitted?
[3]
Yes
Read TEND flag in SSR
[1] SCI initialization:
The TxD pin is automatically
designated as the transmit data output
pin.
[2] SCI status check and transmit data
write:
Read SSR and check that the TDRE
flag is set to 1, then write transmit data
to TDR and clear the TDRE flag to 0.
[3] Serial transmission continuation
procedure:
To continue serial transmission, be
sure to read 1 from the TDRE flag to
confirm that writing is possible, then
write data to TDR, and then clear the
TDRE flag to 0.
Checking and clearing of the TDRE
flag is automatic when the DMAC* or
DTC is activated by a transmit-dataempty interrupt (TXI) request and data
is written to TDR.
No
TEND = 1?
Yes
Clear TE bit in SCR to 0
<End>
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 14.16 Sample Serial Transmission Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
In serial transmission, the SCI operates as described below.
[1] The SCI monitors the TDRE flag in SSR, and if is 0, recognizes that data has been written to
TDR, and transfers the data from TDR to TSR.
[2] After transferring data from TDR to TSR, the SCI sets the TDRE flag to 1 and starts
transmission. If the TIE bit is set to 1 at this time, a transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) is
generated.
When clock output mode has been set, the SCI outputs 8 serial clock pulses. When use of an
external clock has been specified, data is output synchronized with the input clock.
The serial transmit data is sent from the TxD pin starting with the LSB (bit 0) and ending with
the MSB (bit 7).
[3] The SCI checks the TDRE flag at the timing for sending the MSB (bit 7).
If the TDRE flag is cleared to 0, data is transferred from TDR to TSR, and serial transmission
of the next frame is started.
If the TDRE flag is set to 1, the TEND flag in SSR is set to 1, the MSB (bit 7) is sent, and the
TxD pin maintains its state.
If the TEIE bit in SCR is set to 1 at this time, a TEI interrupt request is generated.
[4] After completion of serial transmission, the SCK pin is fixed.
Figure 14.17 shows an example of SCI operation in transmission.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 651 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Transfer direction
Serial clock
Serial data
Bit 7
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 6
Bit 7
TDRE
TEND
TXI interrupt
request generated
Data written to TDR
TXI interrupt
and TDRE flag
request generated
cleared to 0 in TXI
interrupt handling routine
TEI interrupt
request generated
1 frame
Figure 14.17 Example of SCI Transmit Operation
Serial data reception (synchronous mode): Figure 14.18 shows a sample flowchart for serial
reception.
The following procedure should be used for serial data reception.
When changing the operating mode from asynchronous to synchronous, be sure to check that the
ORER, PER, and FER flags are all cleared to 0.
The RDRF flag will not be set if the FER or PER flag is set to 1, and neither transmit nor receive
operations will be possible.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Initialization
[1]
[1]
Start of reception
[2] [3] Receive error handling:
If a receive error occurs, read the
ORER flag in SSR, and after
performing the appropriate error
handling, clear the ORER flag to
0. Transfer cannot be resumed if
the ORER flag is set to 1.
[2]
Read ORER flag in SSR
Yes
[3]
ORER = 1?
No
Error processing
(Continued below)
Read RDRF flag in SSR
[4]
No
RDRF = 1?
Yes
Read receive data in RDR, and
clear RDRF flag in SSR to 0
No
All data received?
[5]
Yes
Clear RE bit in SCR to 0
<End>
[3]
SCI initialization:
The RxD pin is automatically
designated as the receive data
input pin.
[4] SCI status check and receive
data read:
Read SSR and check that the
RDRF flag is set to 1, then read
the receive data in RDR and
clear the RDRF flag to 0.
Transition of the RDRF flag from
0 to 1 can also be identified by
an RXI interrupt.
[5] Serial reception continuation
procedure:
To continue serial reception,
before the MSB (bit 7) of the
current frame is received, finish
reading the RDRF flag, reading
RDR, and clearing the RDRF flag
to 0. The RDRF flag is cleared
automatically when the DMAC*
or DTC is activated by a
receive-data-full interrupt (RXI)
request and the RDR value is
read.
Error handling
Overrun error handling
Clear ORER flag in SSR to 0
<End>
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Figure 14.18 Sample Serial Reception Flowchart
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
In serial reception, the SCI operates as described below.
[1] The SCI performs internal initialization in synchronization with serial clock input or output.
[2] The received data is stored in RSR in LSB-to-MSB order.
After reception, the SCI checks whether the RDRF flag is 0 and the receive data can be
transferred from RSR to RDR.
If this check is passed, the RDRF flag is set to 1, and the receive data is stored in RDR. If a
receive error is detected in the error check, the operation is as shown in table 14.11.
Neither transmit nor receive operations can be performed subsequently when a receive error
has been found in the error check.
[3] If the RIE bit in SCR is set to 1 when the RDRF flag changes to 1, a receive-data-full interrupt
(RXI) request is generated.
Also, if the RIE bit in SCR is set to 1 when the ORER flag changes to 1, a receive-error
interrupt (ERI) request is generated.
Figure 14.19 shows an example of SCI operation in reception.
Serial
clock
Serial
data
Bit 7
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 0
Bit 1
Bit 6
Bit 7
RDRF
ORER
RXI interrupt request
generated
RDR data read and
RDRF flag cleared to 0
in RXI interrupt handling
routine
RXI interrupt request
generated
ERI interrupt request
generated by overrun
error
1 frame
Figure 14.19 Example of SCI Receive Operation
Simultaneous serial data transmission and reception (synchronous mode): Figure 14.20
shows a sample flowchart for simultaneous serial transmit and receive operations.
The following procedure should be used for simultaneous serial data transmit and receive
operations.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Initialization
[1] SCI initialization:
[1]
The TxD pin is designated as the
transmit data output pin, and the
RxD pin is designated as the
receive data input pin, enabling
simultaneous transmit and receive
operations.
Start of transmission/reception
Read TDRE flag in SSR
[2]
[2] SCI status check and transmit data
write:
Read SSR and check that the
TDRE flag is set to 1, then write
transmit data to TDR and clear the
TDRE flag to 0.
Transition of the TDRE flag from 0 to
1 can also be identified by a TXI
interrupt.
No
TDRE = 1?
Yes
Write transmit data to TDR and
clear TDRE flag in SSR to 0
[3] Receive error handling:
If a receive error occurs, read the
ORER flag in SSR, and after
performing the appropriate error
handling, clear the ORER flag to 0.
Transmission/reception cannot be
resumed if the ORER flag is set to 1.
Read ORER flag in SSR
ORER = 1?
No
Read RDRF flag in SSR
Yes
[3]
Error handling
[4] SCI status check and receive data
read:
Read SSR and check that the
RDRF flag is set to 1, then read the
receive data in RDR and clear the
RDRF flag to 0. Transition of the
RDRF flag from 0 to 1 can also be
identified by an RXI interrupt.
[4]
No
RDRF = 1?
[5] Serial transmission/reception
Yes
Read receive data in RDR, and
clear RDRF flag in SSR to 0
No
All data received?
[5]
Yes
Clear TE and RE bits in SCR to 0
<End>
Notes: When switching from transmit or receive operation to simultaneous
transmit and receive operations, first clear the TE and RE bits to 0,
then set both these bits to 1 simultaneously.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
continuation procedure:
To continue serial transmission/
reception, before the MSB (bit 7) of
the current frame is received, finish
reading the RDRF flag, reading
RDR, and clearing the RDRF flag to
0. Also, before the MSB (bit 7) of
the current frame is transmitted,
read 1 from the TDRE flag to
confirm that writing is possible.
Then write data to TDR and clear
the TDRE flag to 0.
Checking and clearing of the TDRE
flag is automatic when the DMAC*
or DTC is activated by a transmitdata-empty interrupt (TXI) request
and data is written to TDR. Also, the
RDRF flag is cleared automatically
when the DMAC* or DTC is
activated by a receive-data-full
interrupt (RXI) request and the RDR
value is read.
Figure 14.20 Sample Flowchart of Simultaneous Serial Transmit and Receive Operations
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.4
SCI Interrupts
The SCI has four interrupt sources: the transmit-end interrupt (TEI) request, receive-error interrupt
(ERI) request, receive-data-full interrupt (RXI) request, and transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI)
request. Table 14.12 shows the interrupt sources and their relative priorities. Individual interrupt
sources can be enabled or disabled with the TIE, RIE, and TEIE bits in the SCR. Each kind of
interrupt request is sent to the interrupt controller independently.
When the TDRE flag in SSR is set to 1, a TXI interrupt request is generated. When the TEND flag
in SSR is set to 1, a TEI interrupt request is generated. A TXI interrupt can activate the DMAC*
or DTC to perform data transfer. The TDRE flag is cleared to 0 automatically when data transfer is
performed by the DMAC* or DTC. The DMAC* and DTC cannot be activated by a TEI interrupt
request.
When the RDRF flag in SSR is set to 1, an RXI interrupt request is generated. When the ORER,
PER, or FER flag in SSR is set to 1, an ERI interrupt request is generated. An RXI interrupt can
activate the DMAC* or DTC to perform data transfer. The RDRF flag is cleared to 0
automatically when data transfer is performed by the DMAC* or DTC. The DMAC* and DTC
cannot be activated by an ERI interrupt request.
Also note that the DMAC* cannot be activated by an SCI channel 2 interrupt.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Table 14.12 SCI Interrupt Sources
2
Channel
Interrupt
Source
Description
DTC
Activation
DMAC*
Activation
0
ERI
Interrupt due to receive error
(ORER, FER, or PER)
Not
possible
Not
possible
RXI
Interrupt due to receive data full
state (RDRF)
Possible
Possible
TXI
Interrupt due to transmit data empty
state (TDRE)
Possible
Possible
TEI
Interrupt due to transmission end
(TEND)
Not
possible
Not
possible
ERI
Interrupt due to receive error
(ORER, FER, or PER)
Not
possible
Not
possible
RXI
Interrupt due to receive data full
state (RDRF)
Possible
Possible
TXI
Interrupt due to transmit data empty
state (TDRE)
Possible
Possible
TEI
Interrupt due to transmission end
(TEND)
Not
possible
Not
possible
ERI
Interrupt due to receive error
(ORER, FER, or PER)
Not
possible
Not
possible
RXI
Interrupt due to receive data full
state (RDRF)
Possible
Not
possible
TXI
Interrupt due to transmit data empty
state (TDRE)
Possible
Not
possible
TEI
Interrupt due to transmission end
(TEND)
Not
possible
Not
possible
1
2
1
Priority*
High
Low
Notes: 1. This table shows the initial state immediate after a reset. Relative priorities among
channels can be changed by the interrupt controller.
2. The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
A TEI interrupt is requested when the TEND flag is set to 1 while the TEIE bit is set to 1. The
TEND flag is cleared at the same time as the TDRE flag. Consequently, if a TEI interrupt and a
TXI interrupt are requested simultaneously, the TXI interrupt may be accepted first, with the result
that the TDRE and TEND flags are cleared. Note that the TEI interrupt will not be accepted in this
case.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
14.5
Usage Notes
The following points should be noted when using the SCI.
Relation between Writes to TDR and the TDRE Flag: The TDRE flag in SSR is a status flag
that indicates that transmit data has been transferred from TDR to TSR. When the SCI transfers
data from TDR to TSR, the TDRE flag is set to 1.
Data can be written to TDR regardless of the state of the TDRE flag. However, if new data is
written to TDR when the TDRE flag is cleared to 0, the data stored in TDR will be lost since it has
not yet been transferred to TSR. It is therefore essential to check that the TDRE flag is set to 1
before writing transmit data to TDR.
Operation when Multiple Receive Errors Occur Simultaneously: If a number of receive errors
occur at the same time, the state of the status flags in SSR is as shown in table 14.13. If there is an
overrun error, data is not transferred from RSR to RDR, and the receive data is lost.
Table 14.13 State of SSR Status Flags and Transfer of Receive Data
SSR Status Flags
RDRF
ORER
FER
PER
Receive Data Transfer
from RSR to RDR
Receive Error Status
1
1
0
0
X
Overrun error
0
0
1
0
Framing error
0
0
0
1
Parity error
1
1
1
0
X
Overrun error + framing error
1
1
0
1
X
Overrun error + parity error
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
Notes:
Framing error + parity error
X
: Receive data is transferred from RSR to RDR.
X : Receive data is not transferred from RSR to RDR.
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Overrun error + framing error +
parity error
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Break Detection and Processing (Asynchronous Mode Only): When framing error (FER)
detection is performed, a break can be detected by reading the RxD pin value directly. In a break,
the input from the RxD pin becomes all 0s, and so the FER flag is set, and the parity error flag
(PER) may also be set.
Note that, since the SCI continues the receive operation after receiving a break, even if the FER
flag is cleared to 0, it will be set to 1 again.
Sending a Break (Asynchronous Mode Only): The TxD pin has a dual function as an I/O port
whose direction (input or output) is determined by DR and DDR. This can be used to send a break.
Between serial transmission initialization and setting of the TE bit to 1, the mark state is replaced
by the value of DR (the pin does not function as the TxD pin until the TE bit is set to 1).
Therefore, DDR and DR for the port corresponding to the TxD pin should first be set to 1.
To send a break during serial transmission, first clear DR to 0, then clear the TE bit to 0.
When the TE bit is cleared to 0, the transmitter is initialized regardless of the current transmission
state, the TxD pin becomes an I/O port, and 0 is output from the TxD pin.
Receive Error Flags and Transmit Operations (Synchronous Mode Only): Transmission
cannot be started when a receive error flag (ORER, PER, or FER) is set to 1, even if the TDRE
flag is cleared to 0. Be sure to clear the receive error flags to 0 before starting transmission.
Note also that receive error flags cannot be cleared to 0 even if the RE bit is cleared to 0.
Receive Data Sampling Timing and Receive Margin in Asynchronous Mode: In asynchronous
mode, the SCI operates on a base clock with a frequency of 16 times the transfer rate.
In reception, the SCI samples the falling edge of the start bit using the base clock, and performs
internal synchronization. Receive data is latched internally at the rising edge of the 8th pulse of the
base clock. This is illustrated in figure 14.21.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 659 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
16 clocks
8 clocks
0
7
15 0
7
15 0
Internal base
clock
Receive data
(RxD)
Start bit
D0
D1
Synchronization
sampling timing
Data sampling
timing
Figure 14.21 Receive Data Sampling Timing in Asynchronous Mode
Thus the receive margin in asynchronous mode is given by formula (1) below.
1
M = | (0.5 –
Where M
N
D
L
F
2N
) – (L – 0.5) F –
| D – 0.5 |
N
(1 + F) | × 100%
... Formula (1)
: Receive margin (%)
: Ratio of bit rate to clock (N = 16)
: Clock duty (D = 0 to 1.0)
: Frame length (L = 9 to 12)
: Absolute value of clock rate deviation
Assuming values of F = 0 and D = 0.5 in formula (1), a receive margin of 46.875% is given by
formula (2) below.
When D = 0.5 and F = 0,
M = (0.5 –
1
2 × 16
) × 100%
= 46.875%
... Formula (2)
However, this is a theoretical value, and a margin of 20% to 30% should be allowed in system
design.
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Restrictions on Use of DMAC* or DTC
• When an external clock source is used as the serial clock, the transmit clock should not be
input until at least 5 φ clock cycles after TDR is updated by the DMAC* or DTC.
Misoperation may occur if the transmit clock is input within 4 φ clocks after TDR is updated.
(Figure 14.22)
• When RDR is read by the DMAC* or DTC, be sure to set the activation source to the relevant
SCI receive-data-full interrupt (RXI).
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
SCK
t
TDRE
LSB
Serial data
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Note: When operating on an external clock, set t > 4 clocks.
Figure 14.22 Example of Synchronous Transmission Using DTC
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Operation in Case of Mode Transition
• Transmission
Operation should be stopped (by clearing TE, TIE, and TEIE to 0) before making a module
stop mode or software standby mode transition. TSR, TDR, and SSR are reset. The output pin
states in module stop mode or software standby mode depend on the port settings, and
becomes high-level output after the relevant mode is cleared. If a transition is made during
transmission, the data being transmitted will be undefined. When transmitting without
changing the transmit mode after the relevant mode is cleared, transmission can be started by
setting TE to 1 again, and performing the following sequence: SSR read → TDR write →
TDRE clearance. To transmit with a different transmit mode after clearing the relevant mode,
the procedure must be started again from initialization. Figure 14.23 shows a sample flowchart
for mode transition during transmission. Port pin states are shown in figures 14.24 and 14.25.
Operation should also be stopped (by clearing TE, TIE, and TEIE to 0) before making a
transition from transmission by DTC transfer to module stop mode or software standby mode
transition. To perform transmission with the DTC after the relevant mode is cleared, setting TE
and TIE to 1 will set the TXI flag and start DTC transmission.
• Reception
Receive operation should be stopped (by clearing RE to 0) before making a module stop mode
or software standby mode transition. RSR, RDR, and SSR are reset. If a transition is made
without stopping operation, the data being received will be invalid.
To continue receiving without changing the reception mode after the relevant mode is cleared,
set RE to 1 before starting reception. To receive with a different receive mode, the procedure
must be started again from initialization.
Figure 14.26 shows a sample flowchart for mode transition during reception.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 662 of 1268
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
<Transmission>
All data
transmitted?
No
[1]
Yes
Read TEND flag in SSR
TEND = 1?
No
Yes
TE = 0
[2]
Transition to software
standby mode, etc.
[3]
[1] Data being transmitted is interrupted.
After exiting software standby mode,
etc., normal CPU transmission is
possible by setting TE to 1, reading
SSR, writing TDR, and clearing
TDRE to 0, but note that if the DTC
has been activated, the remaining
data in DTCRAM will be transmitted
when TE and TIE are set to 1.
[2] If TIE and TEIE are set to 1, clear
them to 0 in the same way.
[3] Includes module stop mode.
Exit from software
standby mode, etc.
Change
operating mode?
No
Yes
Initialization
TE = 1
<Start of transmission>
Figure 14.23 Sample Flowchart for Mode Transition during Transmission
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
End of
transmission
Start of transmission
Transition
to software
standby
Exit from
software
standby
TE bit
Port input/output
SCK output pin
TxD output pin
Port input/output
High output
Start
Port
Stop
Port input/output
Port
SCI TxD output
High output
SCI TxD
output
Figure 14.24 Asynchronous Transmission Using Internal Clock
Start of transmission
End of
transmission
Transition
to software
standby
Exit from
software
standby
TE bit
Port input/output
SCK output pin
TxD output pin Port input/output
Last TxD bit held
Marking output
Port
SCI TxD output
Port input/output
Port
Note: * Initialized by software standby.
Figure 14.25 Synchronous Transmission Using Internal Clock
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 664 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
High output*
SCI TxD
output
Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
<Reception>
Read RDRF flag in SSR
RDRF = 1?
No
[1]
[1] Receive data being received
becomes invalid.
[2]
[2] Includes module stop mode.
Yes
Read receive data in RDR
RE = 0
Transition to software
standby mode, etc.
Exit from software
standby mode, etc.
Change
operating mode?
No
Yes
Initialization
RE = 1
<Start of reception>
Figure 14.26 Sample Flowchart for Mode Transition during Reception
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Section 14 Serial Communication Interface (SCI)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 666 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.1
Overview
The SCI supports an IC card (smart card) interface conforming to ISO/IEC 7816-3 (identification
card) as a serial communication interface extension function.
Switching between the normal serial communication interface and the smart card interface is
carried out by means of a register setting.
15.1.1
Features
Features of the smart card interface supported by the chip is as follows.
• Asynchronous mode
⎯ Data length: 8 bits
⎯ Parity bit generation and checking
⎯ Transmission of error signal (parity error) in receive mode
⎯ Error signal detection and automatic data retransmission in transmit mode
⎯ Direct convention and inverse convention both supported
• Built-in baud rate generator allows any bit rate to be selected
• Three interrupt sources
⎯ Three interrupt sources (transmit-data-empty, receive-data-full, and transmit/receive-error)
that can issue requests independently
⎯ The transmit-data-empty and receive-data-full interrupts can activate the DMA controller
(DMAC)* or data transfer controller (DTC) to execute data transfer
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 667 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.1.2
Block Diagram
Bus interface
Figure 15.1 shows a block diagram of the smart card interface.
Module data bus
RxD
TxD
RDR
TDR
RSR
TSR
SCMR
SSR
SCR
SMR
BRR
φ
Baud rate
generator
Transmission/
reception control
Parity generation
φ/4
φ/16
φ/64
Clock
Parity check
SCK
Legend:
SCMR: Smart card mode register
RSR: Receive shift register
RDR: Receive data register
TSR: Transmit shift register
TDR: Transmit data register
SMR: Serial mode register
SCR: Serial control register
SSR: Serial status register
BRR: Bit rate register
TXI
RXI
ERI
Figure 15.1 Block Diagram of Smart Card Interface
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 668 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Internal
data bus
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 15.1 shows the smart card interface pin configuration.
Table 15.1 Smart Card Interface Pins
Channel
Pin Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
0
Serial clock pin 0
SCK0
I/O
SCI0 clock input/output
Receive data pin 0
RxD0
Input
SCI0 receive data input
Transmit data pin 0
TxD0
Output
SCI0 transmit data output
Serial clock pin 1
SCK1
I/O
SCI1 clock input/output
Receive data pin 1
RxD1
Input
SCI1 receive data input
Transmit data pin 1
TxD1
Output
SCI1 transmit data output
1
2
Serial clock pin 2
SCK2
I/O
SCI2 clock input/output
Receive data pin 2
RxD2
Input
SCI2 receive data input
Transmit data pin 2
TxD2
Output
SCI2 transmit data output
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 669 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.1.4
Register Configuration
Table 15.2 shows the registers used by the smart card interface. Details of SMR, BRR, SCR, TDR,
RDR, and MSTPCR are the same as for the normal SCI function: see the register descriptions in
section 14, Serial Communication Interface (SCI).
Table 15.2 Smart Card Interface Registers
1
Channel
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
0
Serial mode register 0
SMR0
R/W
H'00
H'FF78
Bit rate register 0
BRR0
R/W
H'FF
H'FF79
Serial control register 0
SCR0
R/W
H'00
H'FF7A
Transmit data register 0
TDR0
R/W
H'FF
H'FF7B
Serial status register 0
SSR0
R/(W)*
H'84
H'FF7C
Receive data register 0
RDR0
R
H'00
H'FF7D
Smart card mode register 0
SCMR0
R/W
H'F2
H'FF7E
Serial mode register 1
SMR1
R/W
H'00
H'FF80
Bit rate register 1
BRR1
R/W
H'FF
H'FF81
1
2
Serial control register 1
SCR1
R/W
H'00
H'FF82
Transmit data register 1
TDR1
R/W
H'FF
H'FF83
H'84
H'FF84
*2
Serial status register 1
SSR1
R/(W)
Receive data register 1
RDR1
R
H'00
H'FF85
Smart card mode register 1
SCMR1
R/W
H'F2
H'FF86
Serial mode register 2
SMR2
R/W
H'00
H'FF88
Bit rate register 2
BRR2
R/W
H'FF
H'FF89
Serial control register 2
SCR2
R/W
H'00
H'FF8A
Transmit data register 2
TDR2
R/W
H'FF
H'FF8B
SSR2
2
R/(W) *
H'84
H'FF8C
Serial status register 2
All
2
Receive data register 2
RDR2
R
H'00
H'FF8D
Smart card mode register 2
SCMR2
R/W
H'F2
H'FF8E
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Can only be written with 0 for flag clearing.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 670 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.2
Register Descriptions
Registers added with the smart card interface and bits for which the function changes are
described here.
15.2.1
Bit
Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
SDIR
SINV
—
SMIF
Initial value :
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
—
R/W
:
SCMR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that selects the smart card interface function.
SCMR is initialized to H'F2 by a reset and in hardware standby mode. In software standby mode
and module stop mode it retains its previous state.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 3—Smart Card Data Transfer Direction (SDIR): Selects the serial/parallel conversion
format.
Bit 3
SDIR
Description
0
TDR contents are transmitted LSB-first
(Initial value)
Receive data is stored in RDR LSB-first
1
TDR contents are transmitted MSB-first
Receive data is stored in RDR MSB-first
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REJ09B0220-0600
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Bit 2—Smart Card Data Invert (SINV): Specifies inversion of the data logic level. This
function is used together with the SDIR bit for communication with an inverse convention card.
The SINV bit does not affect the logic level of the parity bit. For parity-related setting procedures,
see section 15.3.4, Register Settings.
Bit 2
SINV
Description
0
TDR contents are transmitted as they are
(Initial value)
Receive data is stored as it is in RDR
1
TDR contents are inverted before being transmitted
Receive data is stored in inverted form in RDR
Bit 1—Reserved: Read-only bit, always read as 1.
Bit 0—Smart Card Interface Mode Select (SMIF): Enables or disables the smart card interface
function.
Bit 0
SMIF
Description
0
Smart card interface function is disabled
1
Smart card interface function is enabled
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 672 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.2.2
Serial Status Register (SSR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDRE
RDRF
ORER
ERS
PER
TEND
MPB
MPBT
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R/(W)*
R
R
R/W
Note: * Only 0 can be written to bits 7 to 3, to clear these flags.
Bit 4 of SSR has a different function in smart card interface mode. Coupled with this, the setting
conditions for bit 2, TEND, are also different.
Bits 7 to 5—Operate in the same way as for the normal SCI. For details, see section 14.2.7, Serial
Status Register (SSR).
Bit 4—Error Signal Status (ERS): In smart card interface mode, bit 4 indicates the status of the
error signal sent back from the receiving end in transmission. Framing errors are not detected in
smart card interface mode.
Bit 4
ERS
Description
0
Indicates data received normally with no error signal
(Initial value)
[Clearing conditions]
1
•
Upon reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode
•
When 0 is written to ERS after reading ERS = 1
Indicates an error signal was sent showing detection of a parity error at the receiving
side
[Setting condition]
When the low level of the error signal is sampled
Note: Clearing the TE bit in SCR to 0 does not affect the ERS flag, which retains its previous
state.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Bits 3 to 0—Operate in the same way as for the normal SCI. For details, see section 14.2.7, Serial
Status Register (SSR).
However, the setting conditions for the TEND bit, are as shown below.
Bit 2
TEND
Description
0
Indicates transfer in progress
[Clearing conditions]
•
•
1
When 0 is written to TDRE after reading TDRE = 1
When the DMAC* or DTC is activated by a TXI interrupt and writes data to TDR
Indicates transfer complete
(Initial value)
[Setting conditions]
•
Upon reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode
•
When the TE bit in SCR is 0 and the ERS bit is also 0
•
When TDRE = 1 and ERS = 0 (normal transmission) 2.5 etu after transmission of a
1-byte serial character when GM = 0 and BLK = 0
•
When TDRE = 1 and ERS = 0 (normal transmission) 1.5 etu after transmission of a
1-byte serial character when GM = 0 and BLK = 1
•
When TDRE = 1 and ERS = 0 (normal transmission) 1.0 etu after transmission of a
1-byte serial character when GM = 1 and BLK = 0
•
When TDRE = 1 and ERS = 0 (normal transmission) 1.0 etu after transmission of a
1-byte serial character when GM = 1 and BLK = 1
Notes: etu: Elementary time unit (time for transfer of 1 bit)
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.2.3
Serial Mode Register (SMR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
GM
BLK
PE*
O/E
BCP1
BCP0
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
The function of bits 7, 6, 3, and 2 of SMR changes in smart card interface mode.
Bit 7—GSM Mode (GM): Sets the smart card interface function to GSM mode.
This bit is cleared to 0 when the normal smart card interface is used. In GSM mode, this bit is set
to 1, the timing of setting of the TEND flag that indicates transmission completion is advanced,
and clock output control mode addition is performed. The contents of the clock output control
mode addition are specified by bits 1 and 0 of the serial control register (SCR).
Bit 7
GM
Description
0
Normal smart card interface mode operation
1
(Initial value)
•
TEND flag generation 12.5 etu (11.5 etu in block transfer mode) after beginning of
start bit
•
Clock output on/off control only
GSM mode smart card interface mode operation
•
TEND flag generation 11.0 etu after beginning of start bit
•
High/low fixing control possible in addition to clock output on/off control (set by
SCR)
Note: etu: Elementary time unit (time for transfer of 1 bit)
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Bit 6—Block Transfer Mode (BLK): Selects block transfer mode.
Bit 6
BLK
Description
0
Normal smart card interface mode operation
1
(Initial value)
•
Error signal transmission/detection and automatic data retransmission performed
•
TXI interrupt generated by TEND flag
•
TEND flag set 12.5 etu after start of transmission (11.0 etu in GSM mode)
Block transfer mode operation
•
Error signal transmission/detection and automatic data retransmission not
performed
•
TXI interrupt generated by TDRE flag
•
TEND flag set 11.5 etu after start of transmission (11.0 etu in GSM mode)
Note: etu: Elementary time unit (time for transfer of 1 bit)
Bits 3 and 2—Base Clock Pulse 1 and 2 (BCP1, BCP0): These bits specify the number of base
clock periods in a 1-bit transfer interval on the smart card interface.
Bit 3
BCP1
Bit 2
BCP0
Description
0
0
32 clock periods
1
64 clock periods
0
372 clock periods
1
256 clock periods
1
(Initial value)
Bits 5, 4, 1, and 0—Operate in the same way as for the normal SCI. For details, see section
14.2.5, Serial Mode Register (SMR).
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.2.4
Bit
Serial Control Register (SCR)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TIE
RIE
TE
RE
MPIE
TEIE
CKE1
CKE0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
In smart card interface mode, the function of bits 1 and 0 of SCR changes when bit 7 of the serial
mode register (SMR) is set to 1.
Bits 7 to 2—Operate in the same way as for the normal SCI. For details, see section 14.2.6, Serial
Control Register (SCR).
Bits 1 and 0—Clock Enable 1 and 0 (CKE1, CKE0): These bits are used to select the SCI clock
source and enable or disable clock output from the SCK pin.
In smart card interface mode, in addition to the normal switching between clock output enabling
and disabling, the clock output can be specified as being fixed high or low.
SCMR
SMR
SCR Setting
SMIF
GM
CKE1
CKE0
SCK Pin Function
0
See the SCI specification
1
0
0
0
Operates as port I/O pin
1
0
0
1
Outputs clock as SCK output pin
1
1
0
0
Operates as SCK output pin, with output fixed
low
1
1
0
1
Outputs clock as SCK output pin
1
1
1
0
Operates as SCK output pin, with output fixed
high
1
1
1
1
Outputs clock as SCK output pin
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 677 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3
Operation
15.3.1
Overview
The main functions of the smart card interface are as follows.
• One frame consists of 8-bit data plus a parity bit.
• In transmission, a guard time of at least 2 etu (1 etu in block transfer mode) (elementary time
unit: the time for transfer of 1 bit) is left between the end of the parity bit and the start of the
next frame.
• If a parity error is detected during reception, a low error signal level is output for one etu
period, 10.5 etu after the start bit. (This does not apply to block transfer mode.)
• If the error signal is sampled during transmission, the same data is transmitted automatically
after the elapse of 2 etu or longer. (This does not apply to block transfer mode.)
• Only asynchronous communication is supported; there is no synchronous communication
function.
15.3.2
Pin Connections
Figure 15.2 shows a schematic diagram of smart card interface related pin connections.
In communication with an IC card, since both transmission and reception are carried out on a
single data communication line, the chip’s TxD pin and RxD pin should both be connected to the
line, as shown in the figure. The data communication line should be pulled up to the VCC power
supply with a resistor.
When the clock generated on the smart card interface is used by an IC card, the SCK pin output is
input to the CLK pin of the IC card. No connection is needed if the IC card uses an internal clock.
Chip port output is used as the reset signal.
Other pins must normally be connected to the power supply or ground.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 678 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
VCC
TxD
I/O
RxD
SCK
Rx (port)
Chip
Data line
Clock line
Reset line
CLK
RST
IC card
Connected equipment
Figure 15.2 Schematic Diagram of Smart Card Interface Pin Connections
Note: If an IC card is not connected, and the TE and RE bits are both set to 1, closed
transmission/reception is possible, enabling self-diagnosis to be carried out.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 679 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3.3
Data Format
Normal Transfer Mode: Figure 15.3 shows the smart card interface data format in the normal
transfer mode. In reception in this mode, a parity check is carried out on each frame. If an error is
detected an error signal is sent back to the transmitting end, and retransmission of the data is
requested. If an error signal is sampled during transmission, the same data is retransmitted.
When there is no parity error
Ds
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Dp
D7
Dp
Transmitting station output
When a parity error occurs
Ds
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
DE
Transmitting station output
Legend:
Ds:
D0 to D7:
Dp:
DE:
Start bit
Data bits
Parity bit
Error signal
Figure 15.3 Smart Card Interface Data Format
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 680 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Receiving station
output
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
The operation sequence is as follows.
[1] When the data line is not in use it is in the high-impedance state, and is fixed high with a pullup resistor.
[2] The transmitting station starts transfer of one frame of data. The data frame starts with a start
bit (Ds, low-level), followed by 8 data bits (D0 to D7) and a parity bit (Dp).
[3] With the smart card interface, the data line then returns to the high-impedance state. The data
line is pulled high with a pull-up resistor.
[4] The receiving station carries out a parity check.
If there is no parity error and the data is received normally, the receiving station waits for
reception of the next data.
If a parity error occurs, however, the receiving station outputs an error signal (DE, low-level)
to request retransmission of the data. After outputting the error signal for the prescribed length
of time, the receiving station places the signal line in the high-impedance state again. The
signal line is pulled high again by a pull-up resistor.
[5] If the transmitting station does not receive an error signal, it proceeds to transmit the next data
frame.
If it does receive an error signal, however, it returns to step [2] and retransmits the data in
which the error occurred.
Block Transfer Mode: The operation sequence in block transfer mode is as follows.
[1] When the data line is not in use it is in the high-impedance state, and is fixed high with a pullup resistor.
[2] The transmitting station starts transfer of one frame of data. The data frame starts with a start
bit (Ds, low-level), followed by 8 data bits (D0 to D7) and a parity bit (Dp).
[3] With the smart card interface, the data line then returns to the high-impedance state. The data
line is pulled high with a pull-up resistor.
[4] The receiving station carries out a parity check, but does not output an error signal even if an
error has occurred. Since subsequent receive operations cannot be carried out if an error
occurs, the error flag must be cleared to 0 before the parity bit for the next frame is received.
[5] The transmitting station proceeds to transmit the next data frame.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 681 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3.4
Register Settings
Table 15.3 shows a bit map of the registers used by the smart card interface.
Bits indicated as 0 or 1 must be set to the value shown. The setting of other bits is described
below.
Table 15.3 Smart Card Interface Register Settings
Bit
Register
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
SMR
GM
BLK
1
O/E
BCP1
BCP0
CKS1
CKS0
BRR
BRR7
BRR6
BRR5
BRR4
BRR3
BRR2
BRR0
SCR
TIE
RIE
TE
RE
0
0
BRR1
CKE1*
TDR
TDR7
TDR6
TDR5
TDR4
TDR3
TDR2
TDR1
TDR0
SSR
TDRE
RDRF
ORER
ERS
PER
TEND
0
0
RDR
RDR7
RDR6
RDR5
RDR4
RDR3
RDR2
RDR1
RDR0
SCMR
—
—
—
—
SDIR
SINV
—
SMIF
CKE0
Notes: — : Unused bit.
* The CKE1 bit must be cleared to 0 when the GM bit in SMR is cleared to 0.
SMR Settings: The GM bit is cleared to 0 in normal smart card interface mode, and set to 1 in
GSM mode. The O/E bit is cleared to 0 if the IC card is of the direct convention type, and set to 1
if of the inverse convention type.
Bits CKS1 and CKS0 select the clock source of the built-in baud rate generator, and bits BCP1
and BCP0 select the number of base clock cycles during transfer of one bit. For details, see section
15.3.5, Clock.
The BLK bit is cleared to 0 when using the normal smart card interface mode, and set to 1 when
using block transfer mode.
BRR Setting: BRR is used to set the bit rate. See section 15.3.5, Clock, for the method of
calculating the value to be set.
SCR Settings: The function of the TIE, RIE, TE, and RE bits is the same as for the normal SCI.
For details, see section 14, Serial Communication Interface (SCI).
Bits CKE1 and CKE0 specify the clock output. When the GM bit in SMR is cleared to 0, set these
bits to B'00 if a clock is not to be output, or to B'01 if a clock is to be output. When the GM bit in
SMR is set to 1, clock output is performed. The clock output can also be fixed high or low.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 682 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Smart Card Mode Register (SCMR) Settings: The SDIR bit is cleared to 0 if the IC card is of
the direct convention type, and set to 1 if of the inverse convention type.
The SINV bit is cleared to 0 if the IC card is of the direct convention type, and set to 1 if of the
inverse convention type.
The SMIF bit is set to 1 when the smart card interface is used.
Examples of register settings and the waveform of the start character are shown below for the two
types of IC card (direct convention and inverse convention).
• Direct convention (SDIR = SINV = O/E = 0)
(Z)
A
Z
Z
A
Z
Z
Z
A
A
Z
Ds
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Dp
(Z)
State
With the direct convention type, the logic 1 level corresponds to state Z and the logic 0 level to
state A, and transfer is performed in LSB-first order. The start character data above is H'3B.
The parity bit is 1 since even parity is stipulated for the smart card.
• Inverse convention (SDIR = SINV = O/E = 1)
(Z)
A
Z
Z
A
A
A
A
A
A
Z
Ds
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Dp
(Z)
State
With the inverse convention type, the logic 1 level corresponds to state A and the logic 0 level
to state Z, and transfer is performed in MSB-first order. The start character data above is H'3F.
The parity bit is 0, corresponding to state Z, since even parity is stipulated for the smart card.
With the chip, inversion specified by the SINV bit applies only to the data bits, D7 to D0. For
parity bit inversion, the O/E bit in SMR should be set to odd parity mode (the same applies to
both transmission and reception).
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 683 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3.5
Clock
Only an internal clock generated by the built-in baud rate generator can be used as the
transmit/receive clock for the smart card interface. The bit rate is set with BRR and the CKS1,
CKS0, BCP1, and BCP0 bits in SMR. The formula for calculating the bit rate is as shown below.
Table 15.5 shows some sample bit rates.
If clock output is selected by setting CKE0 to 1, the clock is output from the SCK pin. The clock
frequency is determined by the bit rate and the setting of bits BCP1 and BCP0.
B=
φ
S×2
2n+1
× (N + 1)
× 106
Where: N = Value set in BRR (0 ≤ N ≤ 255)
B = Bit rate (bits/s)
φ = Operating frequency (MHz)
n = See table 15.4
S = Number of internal clock cycles in 1-bit period set by bits BCP1 and BCP0
Table 15.4 Correspondence between n and CKS1, CKS0
n
CKS1
CKS0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
3
1
Table 15.5 Examples of Bit Rate B (bits/s) for Various BRR Settings
(When n = 0 and S = 372)
φ (MHz)
N
10.00
10.714
13.00
14.285 16.00
18.00
20.00
25.00
0
13441
14400
17473
19200
21505
24194
26882
33602
1
6720
7200
8737
9600
10753
12097
13441
16801
2
4480
4800
5824
6400
7168
8065
8961
11201
Note: Bit rates are rounded to the nearest whole number.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
The method of calculating the value to be set in the bit rate register (BRR) from the operating
frequency and bit rate, on the other hand, is shown below. N is an integer, 0 ≤ N ≤ 255, and the
smaller error is specified.
N=
φ
S×2
2n+1
× 106 – 1
×B
Table 15.6 Examples of BRR Settings for Bit Rate B (bits/s) (When n = 0 and S = 372)
φ (MHz)
7.1424
10.00
10.7136
13.00
14.2848
16.00
18.00
20.00
25.00
Bits/s
N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error N
Error
9600
0
0.00
30
25
8.99
0.00
12.01 2
15.99 2
6.60
12.49
1
1
1
1
1
3
Table 15.7 Maximum Bit Rate at Various Frequencies (Smart Card Interface Mode)
(When S = 372)
φ (MHz)
Maximum Bit Rate (bits/s)
N
n
7.1424
9600
0
0
10.00
13441
0
0
10.7136
14400
0
0
13.00
17473
0
0
14.2848
19200
0
0
16.00
21505
0
0
18.00
24194
0
0
20.00
26882
0
0
25.00
33602
0
0
The bit rate error is given by the following formula:
Error (%) = (
φ
S×2
2n+1
× B × (N + 1)
× 106 – 1) × 100
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 685 of 1268
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3.6
Data Transfer Operations
Initialization: Before transmitting or receiving data, initialize the SCI as described below.
Initialization is also necessary when switching from transmit mode to receive mode, or vice versa.
[1] Clear the TE and RE bits in SCR to 0.
[2] Clear the error flags ERS, PER, and ORER in SSR to 0.
[3] Set the GM, BLK, O/E, BCP1, BCP0, CKS1, and CKS0 bits in SMR, and set the PE bit to 1.
[4] Set the SMIF, SDIR, and SINV bits in SCMR.
When the SMIF bit is set to 1, the TxD and RxD pins are both switched from ports to SCI pins,
and are placed in the high-impedance state.
[5] Set the value corresponding to the bit rate in BRR.
[6] Set the CKE1 and CKE0 bits in SCR. Clear the TIE, RIE, TE, RE, MPIE, and TEIE bits to 0.
If the CKE0 bit is set to 1, the clock is output from the SCK pin.
[7] Wait at least one bit interval, then set the TIE, RIE, TE, and RE bits in SCR. Do not set the TE
bit and RE bit at the same time, except for self-diagnosis.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Serial Data Transmission (Except Block Transfer Mode): As data transmission in smart card
mode involves error signal sampling and retransmission processing, the processing procedure is
different from that for the normal SCI. Figure 15.4 shows a flowchart for transmitting, and figure
15.5 shows the relation between a transmit operation and the internal registers.
[1] Perform smart card interface mode initialization as described above in Initialization.
[2] Check that the ERS error flag in SSR is cleared to 0.
[3] Repeat steps [2] and [3] until it can be confirmed that the TEND flag in SSR is set to 1.
[4] Write the transmit data to TDR, clear the TDRE flag to 0, and perform the transmit operation.
The TEND flag is cleared to 0.
[5] When transmitting data continuously, go back to step [2].
[6] To end transmission, clear the TE bit to 0.
With the above processing, interrupt handling or data transfer by the DMAC* or DTC is possible.
If transmission ends and the TEND flag is set to 1 while the TIE bit is set to 1 and interrupt
requests are enabled, a transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) request will be generated. If an error
occurs in transmission and the ERS flag is set to 1 while the RIE bit is set to 1 and interrupt
requests are enabled, a transmit/receive-error interrupt (ERI) request will be generated.
The timing for setting the TEND flag depends on the value of the GM bit in SMR. The TEND flag
setting timing is shown in figure 15.6.
If the DMAC* or DTC is activated by a TXI request, the number of bytes set in the DMAC* or
DTC can be transmitted automatically, including automatic retransmission.
For details, see Interrupt Operations and Data Transfer Operation by DMAC* or DTC below.
Notes: For details of operation in block transfer mode, see section 14.3.2, Operation in
Asynchronous Mode.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Start
Initialization
Start of transmission
ERS = 0?
No
Yes
Error handling
No
TEND = 1?
Yes
Write data to TDR,
and clear TDRE flag
in SSR to 0
No
All data transmitted?
Yes
No
ERS = 0?
Yes
Error handling
No
TEND = 1?
Yes
Clear TE bit to 0
End
Figure 15.4 Sample Transmission Flowchart
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
TDR
(1) Data write
Data 1
(2) Transfer from
TDR to TSR
Data 1
(3) Serial data output
Data 1
TSR
(shift register)
Data 1
; Data remains in TDR
Data 1
I/O signal line output
In case of normal transmission: TEND flag is set
In case of transmit error:
ERS flag is set
Steps (2) and (3) above are repeated until the TEND flag is set
Note: When the ERS flag is set, it should be cleared until transfer of the last bit (D7 in LSB-first
transmission, D0 in MSB-first transmission) of the next transfer data to be transmitted has
been completed.
Figure 15.5 Relation Between Transmit Operation and Internal Registers
I/O data
Ds
TXI
(TEND interrupt)
When GM = 0
When GM = 1
Legend:
Ds:
D0 to D7:
Dp:
DE:
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Dp
DE
Guard
time
12.5 etu
11.0 etu
Start bit
Data bits
Parity bit
Error signal
Note: etu: Elementary time unit (time for transfer of 1 bit)
Figure 15.6 TEND Flag Generation Timing in Transmission
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Serial Data Reception (Except Block Transfer Mode): Data reception in smart card mode uses
the same processing procedure as for the normal SCI. Figure 15.7 shows an example of the
transmission processing flow.
[1] Perform smart card interface mode initialization as described above in Initialization.
[2] Check that the ORER flag and PER flag in SSR are cleared to 0. If either is set, perform the
appropriate receive error handling, then clear both the ORER and the PER flag to 0.
[3] Repeat steps [2] and [3] until it can be confirmed that the RDRF flag is set to 1.
[4] Read the receive data from RDR.
[5] When receiving data continuously, clear the RDRF flag to 0 and go back to step [2].
[6] To end reception, clear the RE bit to 0.
Start
Initialization
Start of reception
ORER = 0 and
PER = 0?
No
Yes
Error handling
No
RDRF = 1?
Yes
Read RDR and clear
RDRF flag in SSR to 0
No
All data received?
Yes
Clear RE bit to 0
Figure 15.7 Sample Reception Flowchart
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
With the above processing, interrupt handling or data transfer by the DMAC* or DTC is possible.
If reception ends and the RDRF flag is set to 1 while the RIE bit is set to 1 and interrupt requests
are enabled, a receive data full interrupt (RXI) request will be generated. If an error occurs in
reception and either the ORER flag or the PER flag is set to 1, a transmit/receive-error interrupt
(ERI) request will be generated.
If the DMAC* or DTC is activated by an RXI request, the receive data in which the error occurred
is skipped, and only the number of bytes of receive data set in the DMAC* or DTC are transferred.
For details, see Interrupt Operation and Data Transfer Operation by DMAC* or DTC below.
If a parity error occurs during reception and the PER is set to 1, the received data is still
transferred to RDR, and therefore this data can be read.
Notes: For details of operation in block transfer mode, see section 14.3.2, Operation in
Asynchronous Mode.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Mode Switching Operation: When switching from receive mode to transmit mode, first confirm
that the receive operation has been completed, then start from initialization, clearing RE bit to 0
and setting TE bit to 1. The RDRF flag or the PER and ORER flags can be used to check that the
receive operation has been completed.
When switching from transmit mode to receive mode, first confirm that the transmit operation has
been completed, then start from initialization, clearing TE bit to 0 and setting RE bit to 1. The
TEND flag can be used to check that the transmit operation has been completed.
Fixing Clock Output: When the GSM bit in SMR is set to 1, the clock output can be fixed with
bits CKE1 and CKE0 in SCR. At this time, the minimum clock pulse width can be made the
specified width.
Figure 15.8 shows the timing for fixing the clock output. In this example, GSM is set to 1, CKE1
is cleared to 0, and the CKE0 bit is controlled.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Specified pulse width
Specified pulse width
SCK
SCR write
(CKE0 = 0)
SCR write
(CKE0 = 1)
Figure 15.8 Timing for Fixing Clock Output
Interrupt Operation (Except Block Transfer Mode): There are three interrupt sources in smart
card interface mode: transmit-data-empty interrupt (TXI) requests, transmit/receive-error interrupt
(ERI) requests, and receive-data-full interrupt (RXI) requests. The transmit-end interrupt (TEI)
request is not used in this mode.
When the TEND flag in SSR is set to 1, a TXI interrupt request is generated.
When the RDRF flag in SSR is set to 1, an RXI interrupt request is generated.
When any of flags ORER, PER, and ERS in SSR is set to 1, an ERI interrupt request is generated.
The relationship between the operating states and interrupt sources is shown in table 15.8.
Note: For details of operation in block transfer mode, see section 14.4, SCI Interrupts.
Table 15.8 Smart Card Mode Operating States and Interrupt Sources
Operating State
Flag
Enable Bit
Interrupt DTC
Source
Activation
DMAC*
Activation
Transmit
Mode
Normal
operation
TEND
TIE
TXI
Possible
Possible
Error
ERS
RIE
ERI
Not possible Not possible
Normal
operation
RDRF
RIE
RXI
Possible
Error
PER, ORER
RIE
ERI
Not possible Not possible
Receive
Mode
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Possible
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Data Transfer Operation by DMAC* or DTC: In smart card mode, as with the normal SCI,
transfer can be carried out using the DMAC* or DTC. In a transmit operation, the TDRE flag is
also set to 1 at the same time as the TEND flag in SSR, and a TXI interrupt is generated. If the
TXI request is designated beforehand as a DMAC* or DTC activation source, the DMAC* or
DTC will be activated by the TXI request, and transfer of the transmit data will be carried out. The
TDRE and TEND flags are automatically cleared to 0 when data transfer is performed by the
DMAC* or DTC. In the event of an error, the SCI retransmits the same data automatically. The
TEND flag remains cleared to 0 during this time, and the DMAC* is not activated. Thus, the
number of bytes specified by the SCI and DMAC* are transmitted automatically even in
retransmission following an error. However, the ERS flag is not cleared automatically when an
error occurs, and so the RIE bit should be set to 1 beforehand so that an ERI request will be
generated in the event of an error, and the ERS flag will be cleared.
When performing transfer using the DMAC* or DTC, it is essential to set and enable the DMAC*
or DTC before carrying out SCI setting. For details of the DMAC* and DTC setting procedures,
see section 7, DMA Controller*, and section 8, Data Transfer Controller.
In a receive operation, an RXI interrupt request is generated when the RDRF flag in SSR is set to
1. If the RXI request is designated beforehand as a DMAC* or DTC activation source, the
DMAC* or DTC will be activated by the RXI request, and transfer of the receive data will be
carried out. The RDRF flag is cleared to 0 automatically when data transfer is performed by the
DMAC* or DTC. If an error occurs, an error flag is set but the RDRF flag is not. Consequently,
the DMAC* or DTC is not activated, but instead, an ERI interrupt request is sent to the CPU.
Therefore, the error flag should be cleared.
Notes: For details of operation in block transfer mode, see section 14.4, SCI Interrupts.
* The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.3.7
Operation in GSM Mode
Switching the Mode: When switching between smart card interface mode and software standby
mode, the following switching procedure should be followed in order to maintain the clock duty.
• When changing from smart card interface mode to software standby mode
[1] Set the data register (DR) and data direction register (DDR) corresponding to the SCK pin to
the value for the fixed output state in software standby mode.
[2] Write 0 to the TE bit and RE bit in the serial control register (SCR) to halt the transmit/receive
operation. At the same time, set the CKE1 bit to the value for the fixed output state in software
standby mode.
[3] Write 0 to the CKE0 bit in SCR to halt the clock.
[4] Wait for one serial clock period.
During this interval, clock output is fixed at the specified level, with the duty preserved.
[5] Write H'00 to SMR and SCMR.
[6] Make the transition to the software standby state.
• When returning to smart card interface mode from software standby mode
[7] Exit the software standby state.
[8] Set the CKE1 bit in SCR to the value for the fixed output state (current SCK pin state) when
software standby mode is initiated.
[9] Set smart card interface mode and output the clock. Signal generation is started with the
normal duty.
Software
standby
Normal operation
[1] [2] [3]
[4] [5] [6]
Normal operation
[7] [8] [9]
Figure 15.9 Clock Halt and Restart Procedure
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Powering On: To secure the clock duty from power-on, the following switching procedure should
be followed.
[1] The initial state is port input and high impedance. Use a pull-up resistor or pull-down resistor
to fix the potential.
[2] Fix the SCK pin to the specified output level with the CKE1 bit in SCR.
[3] Set SMR and SCMR, and switch to smart card mode operation.
[4] Set the CKE0 bit in SCR to 1 to start clock output.
15.3.8
Operation in Block Transfer Mode
Operation in block transfer mode is the same as in SCI asynchronous mode, except for the
following points. For details, see section 14.3.2, Operation in Asynchronous Mode.
Data Format: The data format is 8 bits with parity. There is no stop bit, but there is a guard time
of 2 or more bits (1 or more bits in reception).
Also, except during transmission (with start bit, data bits, and parity bit), the transmission pins go
to the high-impedance state, so the signal lines must be fixed high with a pull-up resistor.
Transmit/Receive Clock: Only an internal clock generated by the built-in baud rate generator can
be used as the transmit/receive clock. The number of basic clock periods in a 1-bit transfer interval
can be set to 32, 64, 372, or 256 with bits BCP1 and BCP0. For details, see section 15.3.5, Clock.
ERS (FER) Flag: As with the normal smart card interface, the ERS flag indicates the error signal
status, but since error signal transmission and reception is not performed, this flag is always
cleared to 0.
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
15.4
Usage Notes
The following points should be noted when using the SCI as a smart card interface.
Receive Data Sampling Timing and Receive Margin in Smart Card Interface Mode: In smart
card interface mode, the SCI operates on a base clock with a frequency of 32, 64, 372, or 256
times the transfer rate (determined by bits BCP1 and BCP0).
In reception, the SCI samples the falling edge of the start bit using the base clock, and performs
internal synchronization. Receive data is latched internally at the rising edge of the 16th, 32nd,
186th, or 128th pulse of the base clock. Use of a 372-times clock is illustrated in figure 15.10.
372 clocks
186 clocks
0
185
185
371 0
371 0
Internal
base
clock
Receive
data (RxD)
Start bit
D0
Synchronization
sampling
timing
Data
sampling
timing
Figure 15.10 Receive Data Sampling Timing in Smart Card Mode
(When Using 372-Times Clock)
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D1
Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Thus the receive margin in asynchronous mode is given by the following formula.
M =⎥ (0.5 –
Where M:
N:
D:
L:
F:
1
2N
) – (L – 0.5) F –
⎥ D – 0.5⎥
N
(1 + F)⎥ × 100%
Receive margin (%)
Ratio of bit rate to clock (N = 32, 64, 372, 256)
Clock duty (D = 0 to 1.0)
Frame length (L = 10)
Absolute value of clock frequency deviation
Assuming values of F = 0, D = 0.5, and N=372 in the above formula, the receive margin formula
is as follows.
When D = 0.5 and F = 0,
M = (0.5 – 1/2 × 372) × 100%
= 49.866%
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
Retransfer Operations (Except Block Transfer Mode): Retransfer operations are performed by
the SCI in receive mode and transmit mode as described below.
• Retransfer operation when SCI is in receive mode
Figure 15.11 illustrates the retransfer operation when the SCI is in receive mode.
[1] If an error is found when the received parity bit is checked, the PER bit in SSR is
automatically set to 1. If the RIE bit in SCR is enabled at this time, an ERI interrupt request is
generated. The PER bit in SSR should be kept cleared to 0 until the next parity bit is sampled.
[2] The RDRF bit in SSR is not set for a frame in which an error has occurred.
[3] If no error is found when the received parity bit is checked, the PER bit in SSR is not set.
[4] If no error is found when the received parity bit is checked, the receive operation is judged to
have been completed normally, and the RDRF flag in SSR is automatically set to 1. If the RIE
bit in SCR is enabled at this time, an RXI interrupt request is generated.
If DMAC* or DTC data transfer by an RXI source is enabled, the contents of RDR can be read
automatically. When the RDR data is read by the DMAC* or DTC, the RDRF flag is
automatically cleared to 0.
[5] When a normal frame is received, the pin retains the high-impedance state at the timing for
error signal transmission.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
nth transfer frame
Transfer
frame n+1
Retransferred frame
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Dp DE
(DE)
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Dp
RDRF
[2]
[4]
[1]
[3]
PER
Figure 15.11 Retransfer Operation in SCI Receive Mode
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
• Retransfer operation when SCI is in transmit mode
Figure 15.12 illustrates the retransfer operation when the SCI is in transmit mode.
[6] If an error signal is sent back from the receiving end after transmission of one frame is
completed, the ERS bit in SSR is set to 1. If the RIE bit in SCR is enabled at this time, an ERI
interrupt request is generated. The ERS bit in SSR should be kept cleared to 0 until the next
parity bit is sampled.
[7] The TEND bit in SSR is not set for a frame for which an error signal indicating an abnormality
is received.
[8] If an error signal is not sent back from the receiving end, the ERS bit in SSR is not set.
[9] If an error signal is not sent back from the receiving end, transmission of one frame, including
a retransfer, is judged to have been completed, and the TEND bit in SSR is set to 1. If the TIE
bit in SCR is enabled at this time, a TXI interrupt request is generated.
If data transfer by the DMAC* or DTC by means of the TXI source is enabled, the next data
can be written to TDR automatically. When data is written to TDR by the DMAC* or DTC,
the TDRE bit is automatically cleared to 0.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
nth transfer frame
Transfer
frame n+1
Retransferred frame
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Dp DE
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Dp
(DE)
Ds D0 D1 D2 D3 D4
TDRE
Transfer to TSR
from TDR
Transfer to TSR from TDR
Transfer to TSR from TDR
TEND
[7]
[9]
FER/ERS
[6]
[8]
Figure 15.12 Retransfer Operation in SCI Transmit Mode
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Section 15 Smart Card Interface
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Section 16 A/D Converter
(8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.1
Overview
The chip incorporates a successive-approximations type 10-bit A/D converter that allows up to
eight analog input channels to be selected.
16.1.1
Features
A/D converter features are listed below
• 10-bit resolution
• Eight input channels
• Settable analog conversion voltage range
⎯ Conversion of analog voltages with the reference voltage pin (Vref) as the analog reference
voltage
• High-speed conversion
⎯ Minimum conversion time: 6.7 µs per channel (at 20-MHz operation)
• Choice of single mode or scan mode
⎯ Single mode: Single-channel A/D conversion
⎯ Scan mode: Continuous A/D conversion on 1 to 4 channels
• Four data registers
⎯ Conversion results are held in a 16-bit data register for each channel
• Sample and hold function
• Three kinds of conversion start
⎯ Choice of software or timer conversion start trigger (TPU or 8-bit timer), or ADTRG pin
• A/D conversion end interrupt generation
⎯ A/D conversion end interrupt (ADI) request can be generated at the end of A/D conversion
⎯ The DMA controller (DMAC)* or data transfer controller (DTC) can be activated for data
transfer by an interrupt
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ As the initial setting, A/D converter operation is halted. Register access is enabled by
exiting module stop mode.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 16.1 shows a block diagram of the A/D converter.
Module data bus
Vref
10-bit D/A
converter
AVSS
AN0
AN3
AN4
AN5
AN6
AN7
Bus interface
A
D
D
R
A
A
D
D
R
B
A
D
D
R
C
A
D
D
R
D
A
D
C
S
R
A
D
C
R
+
−
Multiplexer
AN1
AN2
Successive approximations
register
AVCC
Internal data bus
Comparator
Control circuit
Sample-andhold circuit
ADI interrupt
signal
ADTRG
Legend:
ADCR:
ADCSR:
ADDRA:
ADDRB:
ADDRC:
ADDRD:
Conversion start
trigger from 8-bit
timer or TPU
A/D control register
A/D control/status register
A/D data register A
A/D data register B
A/D data register C
A/D data register D
Figure 16.1 Block Diagram of A/D Converter
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 16.1 summarizes the input pins used by the A/D converter.
The AVCC and AVSS pins are the power supply pins for the analog block in the A/D converter. The
Vref pin is the A/D conversion reference voltage pin.
The eight analog input pins are divided into two groups: group 0 (AN0 to AN3), and group 1
(AN4 to AN7).
Table 16.1 A/D Converter Pins
Pin Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Analog power supply pin
AVCC
Input
Analog block power supply
Analog ground pin
AVSS
Input
Analog block ground and A/D conversion
reference voltage
Reference voltage pin
Vref
Input
A/D conversion reference voltage
Analog input pin 0
AN0
Input
Group 0 analog inputs
Analog input pin 1
AN1
Input
Analog input pin 2
AN2
Input
Analog input pin 3
AN3
Input
Analog input pin 4
AN4
Input
Analog input pin 5
AN5
Input
Analog input pin 6
AN6
Input
Analog input pin 7
AN7
Input
A/D external trigger input pin
ADTRG
Input
Group 1 analog inputs
External trigger input for starting A/D
conversion
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.1.4
Register Configuration
Table 16.2 summarizes the registers of the A/D converter.
Table 16.2 A/D Converter Registers
1
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
A/D data register AH
ADDRAH
R
H'00
H'FF90
A/D data register AL
ADDRAL
R
H'00
H'FF91
A/D data register BH
ADDRBH
R
H'00
H'FF92
A/D data register BL
ADDRBL
R
H'00
H'FF93
A/D data register CH
ADDRCH
R
H'00
H'FF94
A/D data register CL
ADDRCL
R
H'00
H'FF95
A/D data register DH
ADDRDH
R
H'00
H'FF96
A/D data register DL
ADDRDL
R
H'00
H'FF97
A/D control/status register
ADCSR
2
R/(W)*
H'00
H'FF98
A/D control register
ADCR
R/W
H'3F
H'FF99
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Bit 7 can only be written with 0 for flag clearing.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.2
Register Descriptions
16.2.1
A/D Data Registers A to D (ADDRA to ADDRD)
Bit
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
AD9 AD8 AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 AD2 AD1 AD0 —
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
:
There are four 16-bit read-only ADDR registers, ADDRA to ADDRD, used to store the results of
A/D conversion.
The 10-bit data resulting from A/D conversion is transferred to the ADDR register for the selected
channel and stored there. The upper 8 bits of the converted data are transferred to the upper byte
(bits 15 to 8) of ADDR, and the lower 2 bits are transferred to the lower byte (bits 7 and 6) and
stored. Bits 5 to 0 are always read as 0.
The correspondence between the analog input channels and ADDR registers is shown in table
16.3.
The ADDR registers can always be read by the CPU. The upper byte can be read directly, but for
the lower byte, data transfer is performed via a temporary register (TEMP). For details, see section
16.3, Interface to Bus Master.
The ADDR registers are initialized to H'0000 by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop
mode.
Table 16.3 Analog Input Channels and Corresponding ADDR Registers
Analog Input Channel
Group 0
Group 1
A/D Data Register
AN0
AN4
ADDRA
AN1
AN5
ADDRB
AN2
AN6
ADDRC
AN3
AN7
ADDRD
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.2.2
A/D Control/Status Register (ADCSR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ADF
ADIE
ADST
SCAN
CKS
CH2
CH1
CH0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/(W)*
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Note: * Only 0 can be written to bit 7, to clear this flag.
ADCSR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that controls A/D conversion operations and shows
the status of the operation.
ADCSR is initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode.
Bit 7—A/D End Flag (ADF): Status flag that indicates the end of A/D conversion.
Bit 7
ADF
Description
0
[Clearing conditions]
•
•
1
(Initial value)
When 0 is written to the ADF flag after reading ADF = 1
When the DMAC* or DTC is activated by an ADI interrupt and ADDR is read
[Setting conditions]
•
Single mode: When A/D conversion ends
•
Scan mode:
When A/D conversion ends on all specified channels
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Bit 6—A/D Interrupt Enable (ADIE): Selects enabling or disabling of interrupt (ADI) requests
at the end of A/D conversion.
Bit 6
ADIE
Description
0
A/D conversion end interrupt (ADI) request disabled
1
A/D conversion end interrupt (ADI) request enabled
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 706 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Bit 5—A/D Start (ADST): Selects starting or stopping of A/D conversion. Holds a value of 1
during A/D conversion.
The ADST bit can be set to 1 by software, a timer conversion start trigger, or the A/D external
trigger input pin (ADTRG).
Bit 5
ADST
Description
0
A/D conversion stopped
1
•
Single mode: A/D conversion is started. Cleared to 0 automatically when
conversion on the specified channel ends
•
Scan mode:
(Initial value)
A/D conversion is started. Conversion continues sequentially on the
selected channels until ADST is cleared to 0 by software, a reset, or
a transition to standby mode or module stop mode
Bit 4—Scan Mode (SCAN): Selects single mode or scan mode as the A/D conversion operating
mode. See section 16.4, Operation, for details of single mode and scan mode operation. Only set
the SCAN bit while conversion is stopped (ADST = 0).
Bit 4
SCAN
Description
0
Single mode
1
Scan mode
(Initial value)
Bit 3—Clock Select (CKS): Used together with the CKS1 bit in ADCR to set the A/D
conversion time. Only change the conversion time while conversion is stopped (ADST = 0).
ADCR3
CKS1
Bit 3
CKS
Description
0
0
Conversion time = 530 states (max.)
1
Conversion time = 68 states (max.)
1
0
Conversion time = 266 states (max.)
1
Conversion time = 134 states (max.)
(Initial value)
Bits 2 to 0—Channel Select 2 to 0 (CH2 to CH0): These bits are used together with the SCAN
bit to select the analog input channels.
Only set the input channel(s) while conversion is stopped (ADST = 0).
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Group
Selection
Channel Selection
Description
CH2
CH1
CH0
0
0
0
AN0 (Initial value)
AN0
1
AN1
AN0, AN1
0
AN2
AN0 to AN2
1
AN3
AN0 to AN3
0
AN4
AN4
1
AN5
AN4, AN5
0
AN6
AN4 to AN6
1
AN7
AN4 to AN7
1
1
0
1
16.2.3
Single Mode (SCAN = 0) Scan Mode (SCAN = 1)
A/D Control Register (ADCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TRGS1
TRGS0
—
—
CKS1
CH3
—
—
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
—
—
Initial value :
R/W
:
ADCR is an 8-bit readable/writable register that enables or disables external triggering of A/D
conversion operations.
ADCR is initialized to H'3F by a reset, and in standby mode or module stop mode.
Bits 7 and 6—Timer Trigger Select 1 and 0 (TRGS1, TRGS0): These bits select enabling or
disabling of the start of A/D conversion by a trigger signal. Only set bits TRGS1 and TRGS0
while conversion is stopped (ADST = 0).
Bit 7
TRGS1
Bit 6
TRGS0
Description
0
0
A/D conversion start by external trigger is disabled
1
A/D conversion start by external trigger (TPU) is enabled
0
A/D conversion start by external trigger (8-bit timer) is enabled
1
A/D conversion start by external trigger pin (ADTRG) is enabled
1
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 708 of 1268
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(Initial value)
Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Bits 5, 4, 1, and 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
Bit 3—Clock Select 1 (CKS1): Used together with the CKS bit in ADCSR to set the A/D
conversion time. See the description of the CKS bit for details.
Bit 2—Channel Select 3 (CH3): Reserved. A value of 1 must be written to this bit.
16.2.4
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP9 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, A/D converter operation stops at the end of the bus
cycle and a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to in
module stop mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 9—Module Stop (MSTP9): Specifies the A/D converter module stop mode.
Bit 9
MSTP9
Description
0
A/D converter module stop mode cleared
1
A/D converter module stop mode set
(Initial value)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.3
Interface to Bus Master
ADDRA to ADDRD are 16-bit registers, and the data bus to the bus master is 8 bits wide.
Therefore, in accesses by the bus master, the upper byte is accessed directly, but the lower byte is
accessed via a temporary register (TEMP).
A data read from ADDR is performed as follows. When the upper byte is read, the upper byte
value is transferred to the CPU and the lower byte value is transferred to TEMP. Next, when the
lower byte is read, the TEMP contents are transferred to the CPU.
When reading ADDR, always read the upper byte before the lower byte. It is possible to read only
the upper byte, but if only the lower byte is read, incorrect data may be obtained.
Figure 16.2 shows the data flow for ADDR access.
Upper byte read
Bus master
(H'AA)
Module data bus
Bus interface
TEMP
(H'40)
ADDRnH
(H'AA)
ADDRnL
(H'40)
(n = A to D)
Lower byte read
Bus master
(H'40)
Module data bus
Bus interface
TEMP
(H'40)
ADDRnH
(H'AA)
ADDRnL
(H'40)
(n = A to D)
Figure 16.2 ADDR Access Operation (Reading H'AA40)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.4
Operation
The A/D converter operates by successive approximations with 10-bit resolution. It has two
operating modes: single mode and scan mode.
16.4.1
Single Mode (SCAN = 0)
Single mode is selected when A/D conversion is to be performed on a single channel only. A/D
conversion is started when the ADST bit is set to 1 by software or by external trigger input. The
ADST bit remains set to 1 during A/D conversion, and is automatically cleared to 0 when
conversion ends.
On completion of conversion, the ADF flag is set to 1. If the ADIE bit is set to 1 at this time, an
ADI interrupt request is generated. The ADF flag is cleared by writing 0 to it after reading
ADCSR.
When the operating mode or analog input channel must be changed during analog conversion, to
prevent incorrect operation, first clear the ADST bit to 0 in ADCSR to halt A/D conversion. After
making the necessary changes, set the ADST bit to 1 to start A/D conversion again. The ADST bit
can be set at the same time as the operating mode or input channel is changed.
Typical operations when channel 1 (AN1) is selected in single mode are described next. Figure
16.3 shows a timing diagram for this example.
[1] Single mode is selected (SCAN = 0), input channel AN1 is selected (CH2 = 0, CH1 = 0,
CH0 = 1), the A/D interrupt is enabled (ADIE = 1), and A/D conversion is started (ADST = 1).
[2] When A/D conversion is completed, the result is transferred to ADDRB. At the same time the
ADF flag is set to 1, the ADST bit is cleared to 0, and the A/D converter becomes idle.
[3] Since ADF = 1 and ADIE = 1, an ADI interrupt is requested.
[4] The A/D interrupt handling routine starts.
[5] The routine reads ADCSR, then writes 0 to the ADF flag.
[6] The routine reads and processes the conversion result (ADDRB).
[7] Execution of the A/D interrupt handling routine ends. After that, if the ADST bit is set to 1,
A/D conversion starts again and steps [2] to [7] are repeated.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Set*
ADIE
ADST
A/D
conversion
starts
Set*
Set*
Clear*
Clear*
ADF
State of
channel 0
(AN0)
Idle
State of
channel 1
(AN1)
Idle
State of
channel 2
(AN2)
Idle
State of
channel 3
(AN3)
Idle
A/D conversion 1
Idle
A/D conversion 2
Idle
ADDRA
ADDRB
Read conversion result
A/D conversion result 1
Read conversion result
A/D conversion result 2
ADDRC
ADDRD
Note: * Vertical arrows ( ) indicate instructions executed by software.
Figure 16.3 Example of A/D Converter Operation (Single Mode, Channel 1 Selected)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.4.2
Scan Mode (SCAN = 1)
Scan mode is useful for monitoring analog inputs in a group of one or more channels. When the
ADST bit is set to 1 by software, or by timer or external trigger input, A/D conversion starts on the
first channel in the group (AN0). When two or more channels are selected, after conversion of the
first channel ends, conversion of the second channel (AN1) starts immediately. A/D conversion
continues cyclically on the selected channels until the ADST bit is cleared to 0. The conversion
results are transferred for storage into the ADDR registers corresponding to the channels.
When the operating mode or analog input channel must be changed during analog conversion, to
prevent incorrect operation, first clear the ADST bit to 0 in ADCSR to halt A/D conversion. After
making the necessary changes, set the ADST bit to 1 to start A/D conversion again. The ADST bit
can be set at the same time as the operating mode or input channel is changed.
Typical operations when three channels (AN0 to AN2) are selected in scan mode are described
next. Figure 16.4 shows a timing diagram for this example.
[1] Scan mode is selected (SCAN = 1), scan group 0 is selected (CH2 = 0), analog input channels
AN0 to AN2 are selected (CH1 = 1, CH0 = 0), and A/D conversion is started (ADST = 1)
[2] When A/D conversion of the first channel (AN0) is completed, the result is transferred to
ADDRA. Next, conversion of the second channel (AN1) starts automatically.
[3] Conversion proceeds in the same way through the third channel (AN2).
[4] When conversion of all the selected channels (AN0 to AN2) is completed, the ADF flag is set
to 1 and conversion of the first channel (AN0) starts again. If the ADIE bit is set to 1 at this
time, an ADI interrupt is requested after A/D conversion ends.
[5] Steps [2] to [4] are repeated as long as the ADST bit remains set to 1. When the ADST bit is
cleared to 0, A/D conversion stops. After that, if the ADST bit is set to 1, A/D conversion
starts again from the first channel (AN0).
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Continuous A/D conversion
Clear*1
Set*1
ADST
Clear*1
ADF
State of
channel 0
(AN0)
State of
channel 1
(AN1)
State of
channel 2
(AN2)
A/D conversion time
Idle
Idle
A/D conversion 1
Idle
Idle
A/D conversion 2
Idle
Idle
A/D conversion 4
A/D conversion 5 *2
Idle
A/D conversion 3
State of
channel 3
(AN3)
Idle
Idle
Transfer
A/D conversion result 1
ADDRA
ADDRB
A/D conversion result 4
A/D conversion result 2
ADDRC
A/D conversion result 3
ADDRD
Notes: 1. Vertical arrows ( ) indicate instructions executed by software.
2. Data currently being converted is ignored.
Figure 16.4 Example of A/D Converter Operation
(Scan Mode, Channels AN0 to AN2 Selected)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.4.3
Input Sampling and A/D Conversion Time
The A/D converter has a built-in sample-and-hold circuit. The A/D converter samples the analog
input at a time tD after the ADST bit is set to 1, then starts conversion. Figure 16.5 shows the A/D
conversion timing. Table 16.4 indicates the A/D conversion time.
As indicated in figure 16.5, the A/D conversion time includes tD and the input sampling time. The
length of tD varies depending on the timing of the write access to ADCSR. The total conversion
time therefore varies within the ranges indicated in table 16.4.
In scan mode, the values given in table 16.4 apply to the first conversion time. In the second and
subsequent conversions the conversion time is as shown in table 16.5.
(1)
φ
Address bus
(2)
Write signal
Input sampling
timing
ADF
tD
t SPL
t CONV
Legend:
(1):
ADCSR write cycle
(2):
ADCSR address
A/D conversion start delay
tD:
tSPL: Input sampling time
tCONV: A/D conversion time
Figure 16.5 A/D Conversion Timing
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Table 16.4 A/D Conversion Time (Single Mode)
CKS1 = 0
CKS1 = 1
CKS = 0
CKS = 1
CKS = 0
CKS = 1
Item
Symbol
Min Typ Max
Min Typ Max
Min Typ Max
Min Typ Max
A/D conversion
start delay
tD
18
—
4
—
5
10
—
17
6
—
9
Input sampling
time
tSPL
—
127 —
—
15
—
—
63
—
—
31
—
A/D conversion
time
tCONV
515 —
67
—
68
259 —
266
131 —
33
530
134
Note: Values in the table are the number of states.
Table 16.5 A/D Conversion Time (Scan Mode)
CKS1
CKS
Conversion Time (States)
0
0
512 (Fixed)
1
64 (Fixed)
0
256 (Fixed)
1
128 (Fixed)
1
16.4.4
External Trigger Input Timing
A/D conversion can be externally triggered. When the TRGS1 and TRGS0 bits are set to B'11 in
ADCR, external trigger input is enabled at the ADTRG pin. A falling edge at the ADTRG pin sets
the ADST bit to 1 in ADCSR, starting A/D conversion. Other operations, in both single and scan
modes, are the same as when the ADST bit has been set to 1 by software. Figure 16.6 shows the
timing.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
φ
ADTRG
Internal trigger signal
ADST
A/D conversion
Figure 16.6 External Trigger Input Timing
16.5
Interrupts
The A/D converter generates an A/D conversion end interrupt (ADI) at the end of A/D conversion.
ADI interrupt requests can be enabled or disabled by means of the ADIE bit in ADCSR.
The DTC or DMAC* can be activated by an ADI interrupt. Having the converted data read by the
DTC or DMAC* in response to an ADI interrupt enables continuous conversion to be achieved
without imposing a load on software.
The A/D converter interrupt source is shown in table 16.6.
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
Table 16.6 A/D Converter Interrupt Source
Interrupt Source
Description
DTC Activation
DMAC Activation*
ADI
Interrupt due to end of conversion
Possible
Possible
Note: * The DMAC is not supported in the H8S/2321.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
16.6
Usage Notes
The following points should be noted when using the A/D converter.
Setting Range of Analog Power Supply and Other Pins
1. Analog input voltage range
The voltage applied to analog input pins ANn during A/D conversion should be in the range
AVSS ≤ ANn ≤ Vref.
2. Relation between AVCC, AVSS and VCC, VSS
As the relationship between AVCC, AVSS and VCC, VSS, set AVSS = VSS. If the A/D converter is
not used, the AVCC and AVSS pins must not be left open.
3. Vref input range
The analog reference voltage input at the Vref pin should be set in the range Vref ≤ AVCC. The
Vref pin should be set as Vref = VCC when the A/D converter is not used. Do not leave the Vref
pin open.
If conditions 1, 2, and 3 above are not met, the reliability of the device may be adversely affected.
Notes on Board Design: In board design, digital circuitry and analog circuitry should be as
mutually isolated as possible, and layout in which digital circuit signal lines and analog circuit
signal lines cross or are in close proximity should be avoided as far as possible. Failure to do so
may result in incorrect operation of the analog circuitry due to inductance, adversely affecting A/D
conversion values.
Also, digital circuitry must be isolated from the analog input signals (AN0 to AN7), analog
reference power supply (Vref), and analog power supply (AVCC) by the analog ground (AVSS).
Also, the analog ground (AVSS) should be connected at one point to a stable digital ground (VSS)
on the board.
Notes on Noise Countermeasures: A protection circuit connected to prevent damage due to an
abnormal voltage such as an excessive surge at the analog input pins (AN0 to AN7) and analog
reference power supply (Vref) should be connected between AVCC and AVSS as shown in figure
16.7.
Also, the bypass capacitors connected to AVCC and Vref and the filter capacitor connected to AN0
to AN7 must be connected to AVSS.
If a filter capacitor is connected as shown in figure 16.7, the input currents at the analog input pins
(AN0 to AN7) are averaged, and so an error may arise. Also, when A/D conversion is performed
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
frequently, as in scan mode, if the current charged and discharged by the capacitance of the
sample-and-hold circuit in the A/D converter exceeds the current input via the input impedance
(Rin), an error will arise in the analog input pin voltage. Careful consideration is therefore required
when deciding the circuit constants.
AVCC
Vref
100 Ω
Rin* 2
*1
AN0 to AN7
*1
0.1 μF
Notes:
AVSS
Values are reference values.
1.
10 μF
0.01 μF
2. Rin: Input impedance
Figure 16.7 Example of Analog Input Protection Circuit
A/D Conversion Precision Definitions: The chip’s A/D conversion precision definitions are
given below.
• Resolution
The number of A/D converter digital output codes
• Offset error
The deviation of the analog input voltage value from the ideal A/D conversion characteristic
when the digital output changes from the minimum voltage value B'0000000000 to
B'0000000001. (See figure 16.9.)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
• Full-scale error
The deviation of the analog input voltage value from the ideal A/D conversion characteristic
when the digital output changes from B'1111111110 to B'1111111111. (See figure 16.9.)
• Quantization error
The deviation inherent in the A/D converter, given by 1/2 LSB. (See figure 16.8.)
• Nonlinearity error
The error with respect to the ideal A/D conversion characteristic between the zero voltage and
the full-scale voltage. Does not include the offset error, full-scale error, or quantization error.
• Absolute precision
The deviation between the digital value and the analog input value. Includes the offset error,
full-scale error, quantization error, and nonlinearity error.
Digital output
111
Ideal A/D conversion
characteristic
110
101
100
011
Quantization error
010
001
000
1
2
1024 1024
1022 1023
1024 1024
FS
Analog
input voltage
Figure 16.8 A/D Conversion Precision Definitions (1)
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Full-scale error
Digital output
Ideal A/D conversion
characteristic
Nonlinearity
error
Actual A/D conversion
characteristic
FS
Offset error
Analog
input voltage
Figure 16.9 A/D Conversion Precision Definitions (2)
Permissible Signal Source Impedance: The chip’s analog input is designed so that conversion
precision is guaranteed for an input signal for which the signal source impedance is 5 kΩ or less.
This specification is provided to enable the A/D converter's sample-and-hold circuit input
capacitance to be charged within the sampling time; if the sensor output impedance exceeds 5 kΩ,
charging may be insufficient and it may not be possible to guarantee the A/D conversion
precision.
If a large capacitance is provided externally, the input load will essentially comprise only the
internal input resistance of 10 kΩ, and the signal source impedance is ignored. However, since a
low-pass filter effect is obtained in this case, it may not be possible to follow an analog signal with
a large differential coefficient (e.g., 5 mV/µs or greater).
When converting a high-speed analog signal, a low-impedance buffer should be inserted.
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Section 16 A/D Converter (8 Analog Input Channel Version)
Influences on Absolute Precision: Adding capacitance results in coupling with GND, and
therefore noise in GND may adversely affect absolute precision. Be sure to make the connection to
an electrically stable GND such as AVSS.
Care is also required to insure that filter circuits do not communicate with digital signals on the
mounting board, so acting as antennas.
Chip
Sensor output
impedance
Max. 5 kΩ
A/D converter
equivalent circuit
10 kΩ
Sensor input
Low-pass
filter C
to 0.1 µF
Cin = 15 pF
Note: Values are reference values.
Figure 16.10 Example of Analog Input Circuit
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 722 of 1268
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20 pF
Section 17 D/A Converter
Section 17 D/A Converter
17.1
Overview
The chip includes an 8-bit resolution D/A converter with from two analog signal output channels.
17.1.1
Features
D/A converter features are listed below.
• 8-bit resolution
• Two output channels
• Maximum conversion time of 10 µs (with 20 pF load)
• Output voltage of 0 V to Vref
• D/A output hold function in software standby mode
• Module stop mode can be set
⎯ As the initial setting, D/A converter operation is halted. Register access is enabled by
exiting module stop mode.
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Section 17 D/A Converter
17.1.2
Block Diagram
Figure 17.1 shows a block diagram of the D/A converter.
Internal data bus
Bus interface
Module data bus
Vref
DACR
8-bit
D/A
converter
DADR1
DA1
DADR0
AVCC
DA0
AVSS
Control circuit
Legend:
DACR:
D/A control register
DADR0, 1: D/A data registers 0, 1
Figure 17.1 Block Diagram of D/A Converter
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Section 17 D/A Converter
17.1.3
Pin Configuration
Table 17.1 summarizes the input and output pins of the D/A converter.
Table 17.1 Pin Configuration
Pin Name
Symbol
I/O
Function
Analog power pin
AVCC
Input
Analog power source
Analog ground pin
AVSS
Input
Analog ground and reference voltage
Analog output pin 0
DA0
Output
Channel 0 analog output
Analog output pin 1
DA1
Output
Channel 1 analog output
Reference voltage pin
Vref
Input
Analog reference voltage
17.1.4
Register Configuration
Table 17.2 summarizes the registers of the D/A converter.
Table 17.2 D/A Converter Registers
Channels
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
0, 1
D/A data register 0
DADR0
R/W
H'00
H'FFA4
Common
D/A data register 1
DADR1
R/W
H'00
H'FFA5
D/A control register 01
DACR01
R/W
H'1F
H'FFA6
Module stop control register
MSTPCR
R/W
H'3FFF
H'FF3C
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
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Section 17 D/A Converter
17.2
Register Descriptions
17.2.1
D/A Data Registers 0, 1 (DADR0, DADR1)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
DADR0, DADR1 are 8-bit readable/writable registers that store data for conversion.
Whenever output is enabled, the values in DADR0 and DADR1 are converted and output from the
analog output pins.
DADR0 and DADR1 are each initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
17.2.2
Bit
D/A Control Registers 01 (DACR01)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DAOE1
DAOE0
DAE
—
—
—
—
—
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
R/W
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
DACR01 is a 8-bit readable/writable register that controls the operation of the D/A converter.
DACR01 is initialized to H'1F by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
Bit 7—D/A Output Enable 1 (DAOE1): Controls D/A conversion and analog output.
Bit 7
DAOE1
Description
0
Analog output DA1 is disabled
1
Channel 1 D/A conversion is enabled; analog output DA1 is enabled
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 726 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(Initial value)
Section 17 D/A Converter
Bit 6—D/A Output Enable 0 (DAOE0): Controls D/A conversion and analog output.
Bit 6
DAOE0
Description
0
Analog output DA0 is disabled
1
Channel 0 D/A conversion is enabled; analog output DA0 is enabled
(Initial value)
Bit 5—D/A Enable (DAE): Used together with the DAOE0 and DAOE1 bits to control D/A
conversion. When the DAE bit is cleared to 0, channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions are controlled
independently. When the DAE bit is set to 1, channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions are controlled
together.
Output of conversion results is always controlled independently by the DAOE0 and DAOE1 bits.
Bit 7
DAOE1
Bit 6
DAOE0
Bit 5
DAE
Description
0
0
*
Channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions disabled
1
0
Channel 0 D/A conversion enabled
Channel 1 D/A conversion disabled
1
Channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions enabled
0
0
Channel 0 D/A conversion disabled
Channel 1 D/A conversion enabled
1
Channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions enabled
*
Channel 0 and 1 D/A conversions enabled
1
1
*: Don’t care
If the chip enters software standby mode when D/A conversion is enabled, the D/A output is held
and the analog power current is the same as during D/A conversion. When it is necessary to reduce
the analog power current in software standby mode, clear both the DAOE0 and DAOE1 bits to 0
to disable D/A output.
Bits 4 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1.
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Section 17 D/A Converter
17.2.3
Module Stop Control Register (MSTPCR)
MSTPCRH
Bit
MSTPCRL
:
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Initial value :
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/W
: R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W
MSTPCR is a 16-bit readable/writable register that performs module stop mode control.
When the MSTP10 bit in MSTPCR is set to 1, D/A converter operation stops at the end of the bus
cycle and a transition is made to module stop mode. Registers cannot be read or written to in
module stop mode. For details, see section 21.5, Module Stop Mode.
MSTPCR is initialized to H'3FFF by a reset and in hardware standby mode. It is not initialized in
software standby mode.
Bit 10—Module Stop (MSTP10): Specifies the D/A converter channel 0 and 1module stop
mode.
Bit 10
MSTP10
Description
0
D/A converter module stop mode cleared
1
D/A converter module stop mode set
17.3
(Initial value)
Operation
The D/A converter includes D/A conversion circuits for two channels, each of which can operate
independently.
D/A conversion is performed continuously while enabled by DACR. If either DADR0 or DADR1
is written to, the new data is immediately converted. The conversion result is output by setting the
corresponding DAOE0 or DAOE1 bit to 1.
The operation example described in this section concerns D/A conversion on channel 0. Figure
17.2 shows the timing of this operation.
[1] Write the conversion data to DADR0.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 728 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 17 D/A Converter
[2] Set the DAOE0 bit in DACR01 to 1. D/A conversion is started and the DA0 pin becomes an
output pin. The conversion result is output after the conversion time has elapsed. The output
value is expressed by the following formula:
DADR contents
256
× Vref
The conversion results are output continuously until DADR0 is written to again or the DAOE0
bit is cleared to 0.
[3] If DADR0 is written to again, the new data is immediately converted. The new conversion
result is output after the conversion time has elapsed.
[4] If the DAOE0 bit is cleared to 0, the DA0 pin becomes an input pin.
DADR0
write cycle
DADR0
write cycle
DACR01
write cycle
DACR01
write cycle
φ
Address
DADR0
Conversion data 1
Conversion data 2
DAOE0
DA0
Conversion
result 2
Conversion
result 1
High-impedance state
tDCONV
tDCONV
Legend:
tDCONV: D/A conversion time
Figure 17.2 Example of D/A Converter Operation
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Section 17 D/A Converter
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 730 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 18 RAM
Section 18 RAM
18.1
Overview
The H8S/2329B and H8S/2324S have 32 kbytes of on-chip high-speed static RAM, the H8S/2328
(H8S/2328B in flash memory version), H8S/2327, H8S/2326, H8S/2323, and H8S/2322R have 8
kbytes, and the H8S/2321 and H8S/2320 have 4 kbytes. The RAM is connected to the CPU by a
16-bit data bus, enabling one-state access by the CPU to both byte data and word data. This makes
it possible to perform fast word data transfer.
The on-chip RAM can be enabled or disabled by means of the RAM enable bit (RAME) in the
system control register (SYSCR).
18.1.1
Block Diagram
Figure 18.1 shows a block diagram of 32 kbytes of on-chip RAM.
Internal data bus (upper 8 bits)
Internal data bus (lower 8 bits)
H'FF7C00
H'FF7C01
H'FF7C02
H'FF7C03
H'FF7C04
H'FF7C05
H'FFFBFE
H'FFFBFF
Figure 18.1 Block Diagram of RAM (32 kbytes)
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Section 18 RAM
18.1.2
Register Configuration
The on-chip RAM is controlled by SYSCR. Table 18.1 shows the address and initial value of
SYSCR.
Table 18.1 RAM Register
Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
System control register
SYSCR
R/W
H'01
H'FF39
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
18.2
Register Descriptions
18.2.1
System Control Register (SYSCR)
Bit
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
INTM1
INTM0
NMIEG
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
R/W
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
LWROD IRQPAS
RAME
The on-chip RAM is enabled or disabled by the RAME bit in SYSCR. For details of other bits in
SYSCR, see section 5.2.1, System Control Register (SYSCR).
Bit 0—RAM Enable (RAME): Enables or disables the on-chip RAM. The RAME bit is
initialized when the reset state is released. It is not initialized in software standby mode.
Bit 0
RAME
Description
0
On-chip RAM is disabled
1
On-chip RAM is enabled
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 732 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
(Initial value)
Section 18 RAM
18.3
Operation
When the RAME bit is set to 1, accesses to addresses H'FFDC00 to H'FFFBFF are directed to the
on-chip RAM. When the RAME bit is cleared to 0, the off-chip address space is accessed.
Since the on-chip RAM is connected to the CPU by an internal 16-bit data bus, it can be written to
and read in byte or word units. Each type of access can be performed in one state.
Even addresses use the upper 8 bits, and odd addresses use the lower 8 bits. Word data must start
at an even address.
Note: The amount of on-chip RAM differs depending on the product. Refer to section 3.5,
Memory Map in Each Operation Mode, for details.
18.4
Usage Note
DTC register information can be located in addresses H'FFF800 to H'FFFBFF. When the DTC is
used, the RAME bit must not be cleared to 0.
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Section 18 RAM
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 734 of 1268
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Section 19 ROM
Section 19 ROM
19.1
Overview
The Series has 512, 384, or 256 kbytes of on-chip flash memory, or 256, 128, or 32 kbytes of onchip mask ROM. The ROM is connected to the bus master via a 16-bit data bus, enabling both
byte and word data to be accessed in one state. Instruction fetching is thus speeded up, and
processing speed increased.
The on-chip ROM is enabled and disabled by means of the mode pins (MD2 to MD0) and the
EAE bit in BCRL.
The flash memory version of the chip can be erased and programmed with a PROM programmer,
as well as on-board.
19.1.1
Block Diagram
Figure 19.1 shows a block diagram of 256 kbytes of on-chip ROM.
Internal data bus (upper 8 bits)
Internal data bus (lower 8 bits)
H'000000
H'000001
H'000002
H'000003
H'03FFFE
H'03FFFF
Figure 19.1 Block Diagram of ROM (256 kbytes)
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 735 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 19 ROM
19.1.2
Register Configuration
The operating mode of the chip is controlled by the mode pins and the BCRL register. The ROMrelated registers are shown in table 19.1.
Table 19.1 ROM Registers
Register Name
Abbreviation
R/W
Initial Value
Address*
Mode control register
MDCR
R/W
Undefined
H'FF3B
Bus controller register
BCRL
R/W
Undefined
H'FED5
Note: * Lower 16 bits of the address.
19.2
Register Descriptions
19.2.1
Mode Control Register (MDCR)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
1
0
0
0
0
MDS2
—*
MDS1
—*
MDS0
—*
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
R
R
R
:
Note: * Determined by pins MD2 to MD0.
MDCR is an 8-bit read-only register used to monitor the current operating mode of the chip.
Bit 7—Reserved: This bit cannot be modified and is always read as 1.
Bits 6 to 3—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Bits 2 to 0—Mode Select 2 to 0 (MDS2 to MDS0): These bits indicate the input levels at pins
MD2 to MD0 (the current operating mode). Bits MDS2 to MDS0 correspond to pins MD2 to
MD0. MDS2 to MDS0 are read-only bits, and cannot be modified. The mode pin (MD2 to MD0)
input levels are latched into these bits when MDCR is read. These latches are canceled by a reset.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 736 of 1268
REJ09B0220-0600
Section 19 ROM
19.2.2
Bit
Bus Control Register L (BCRL)
:
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BRLE
BREQOE
EAE
—
DDS
—
WDBE
WAITE
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Enabling or disabling of part of the on-chip ROM area in the chip can be selected by means of the
EAE bit in BCRL. For details of the other bits in BCRL, see section 6.2.5, Bus Control Register L
(BCRL).
Bit 5—External Address Enable (EAE): Selects whether addresses H'010000 to H'03FFFF*2 are
to be internal addresses or external addresses.
Description
*3
Bit 5
0
1
H8S/2329B, H8S/2328 ,
H8S/2326
H8S/2327
H8S/2323
1
Addresses H'010000 to
Reserved area*
H'01FFFF are on-chip
ROM or address H'020000
to H'03FFFF are reserved
1
area*
2
Addresses H'010000 to H'03FFFF* are external addresses in external expanded mode
1
*
or reserved area in single-chip mode
(Initial value)
On-chip ROM
Notes: 1. Do not access a reserved area.
2. Addresses H'010000 to H'05FFFF in the H8S/2329B.
Addresses H'010000 to H'07FFFF in the H8S/2326.
3. H8S/2328B in flash memory version.
19.3
Operation
The on-chip ROM is connected to the CPU by a 16-bit data bus, and both byte and word data can
be accessed in one state. Even addresses are connected to the upper 8 bits, and odd addresses to
the lower 8 bits. Word data must start at an even address.
The on-chip ROM is enabled and disabled by setting the mode pins (MD2 to MD0) and the EAE
bit in BCRL. These settings are shown in tables 19.2 and 19.3.
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Section 19 ROM
Table 19.2 Operating Modes and ROM (H8S/2328B F-ZTAT, H8S/2326 F-ZTAT)
Mode Pins
BCRL
Mode
Operating Mode
FWE
MD2
MD1
MD0
EAE
On-Chip ROM
1
—
0
0
0
1
—
—
1
0
0
0
—
Disabled
0
Enabled
1 5
(256 kbytes)* *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
0
Enabled
1 5
(256 kbytes) * *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
—
—
0
Enabled
2 5
(256 kbytes) * *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
0
Enabled
2 5
(256 kbytes) * *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
—
—
0
Enabled
1 5
(256 kbytes) * *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
0
Enabled
1 5
(256 kbytes) * *
1
Enabled
(64 kbytes)
2
3
1
4
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM disabled
5
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM disabled
6
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled
7
8
1
1
1
Advanced single-chip mode
—
1
1
0
0
9
10
11
12
15
0
1
1
Boot mode (advanced
expanded mode with on-chip
3
ROM enabled)*
—
0
1
Boot mode (advanced
4
single-chip mode) *
1
0
13
14
0
0
1
User program mode
(advanced expanded mode
3
with on-chip ROM enabled)*
User program mode
(advanced single-chip
4
mode)*
1
0
1
Notes: 1. Note that in modes 6, 7, 14, and 15, the on-chip ROM that can be used after a reset is
the 64-kbyte area from H'000000 to H'00FFFF.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 738 of 1268
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Section 19 ROM
2. Note that in the mode 10 and mode 11 boot modes, the on-chip ROM that can be used
immediately after all flash memory is erased by the boot program is the 64-kbyte area
from H'000000 to H'00FFFF.
3. Apart from the fact that flash memory can be erased and programmed, operation is the
same as in advanced expanded mode with on-chip ROM enabled.
4. Apart from the fact that flash memory can be erased and programmed, operation is the
same as in advanced single-chip mode.
5. The capacity of on-chip ROM in the H8S/2328B F-ZTAT is 256 kbytes.
The capacity of on-chip ROM in the H8S/2326 F-ZTAT is 512 kbytes.
Table 19.3 Operating Modes and ROM (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT and Mask ROM Version)
Mode Pins
BCRL
Mode
Operating Mode
MD2
MD1
MD0
EAE
On-Chip ROM
1
—
0
0
1
—
—
1
0
—
Disabled
0
0
1 2
Enabled (256 kbytes)* *
1
1
0
Enabled (64 kbytes)
1 2
Enabled (256 kbytes)* *
1
Enabled (64 kbytes)
3
2*
3
3*
1
4
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM disabled
5
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM disabled
6
Advanced expanded mode
with on-chip ROM enabled
7
Advanced single-chip mode
1
0
0
1
1
Notes: 1. Note that in modes 6 and 7, the on-chip ROM that can be used after a reset is the 64kbyte area from H'000000 to H'00FFFF.
2. The amount of on-chip RAM differs depending on the product. Refer to section 3.5,
Memory Map in Each Operation Mode, for details.
3. Boot mode in the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT.
See table 19.9, for information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user boot modes. See table
19.9, for information on H8S/2329B F-ZTAT user program modes.
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Section 19 ROM
19.4
Overview of Flash Memory (H8S/2329B F-ZTAT)
19.4.1
Features
The H8S/2329B F-ZTAT has 384 kbytes of on-chip flash memory. The features of the flash
memory are summarized below.
• Four flash memory operating modes
⎯ Program mode
⎯ Erase mode
⎯ Program-verify mode
⎯ Erase-verify mode
• Programming/erase methods
The flash memory is programmed 128 bytes at a time. Erasing is performed by block erase (in
single-block units). To erase the entire flash memory, the individual blocks must be erased
sequentially. Block erasing can be performed as required on 4-kbyte, 32-kbyte, and 64-kbyte
blocks.
• Programming/erase times
The flash memory programming time is 10.0 ms (typ.) for simultaneous 128-byte
programming, equivalent to 78 µs (typ.) per byte, and the erase time is 50 ms (typ.).
• Reprogramming capability
The flash memory can be reprogrammed minimum 100 times.
• On-board programming modes
There are two modes in which flash memory can be programmed/erased/verified on-board:
⎯ Boot mode
⎯ User program mode
• Automatic bit rate adjustment
With data transfer in boot mode, the bit rate of the chip can be automatically adjusted to match
the transfer bit rate of the host.
• Flash memory emulation by RAM
Part of the RAM area can be overlapped onto flash memory, to emulate flash memory updates
in real time.
• Protect modes
There are three protect modes, hardware, software, and error protect, which allow protected
status to be designated for flash memory program/erase/verify operations.
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 740 of 1268
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Section 19 ROM
• PROM mode
Flash memory can be programmed/erased in PROM mode, using a PROM programmer, as
well as in on-board programming mode.
19.4.2
Overview
Block Diagram
Internal address bus
Module bus
Internal data bus (16 bits)
FLMCR1
FLMCR2
Bus interface/controller
EBR1
Operating
mode
Mode pins
EBR2
RAMER
SYSCR2
Flash memory
(384 kbytes)
Legend:
FLMCR1:
FLMCR2:
EBR1:
EBR2:
RAMER:
SYSCR2:
Flash memory control register 1
Flash memory control register 2
Erase block register 1
Erase block register 2
RAM emulation register
System control register 2
Figure 19.2 Block Diagram of Flash Memory
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 741 of 1268
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.3
Flash Memory Operating Modes
Mode Transitions: When the mode pins are set in the reset state and a reset-start is executed, the
chip enters one of the operating modes shown in figure 19.3. In user mode, flash memory can be
read but not programmed or erased.
Flash memory can be programmed and erased in boot mode, user program mode, and PROM
mode.
MD1 = 1,
MD2 = 1
RES = 0
User mode
(on-chip ROM
enabled)
SWE = 1
Reset state
RES = 0
RES = 0
SWE = 0
MD1 = 1,
MD2 = 0
*
RES = 0
PROM mode
User
program mode
Boot mode
On-board programming mode
Notes: Only make a transition between user mode and user program mode when the CPU is
not accessing the flash memory.
* MD0 = 0, MD1 = 0, MD2 = 0, P66 = 1, P65 = 0, P64 = 0
Figure 19.3 Flash Memory Mode Transitions
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.4
On-Board Programming Modes
• Boot mode
1. Initial state
The old program version or data remains written
in the flash memory. The user should prepare the
programming control program and new
application program beforehand in the host.
2. Programming control program transfer
When boot mode is entered, the boot program in
the chip (originally incorporated in the chip) is
started and the programming control program in
the host is transferred to RAM via SCI
communication. The boot program required for
flash memory erasing is automatically transferred
to the RAM boot program area.
Host
Host
Programming control
program
New application
program
New application
program
Chip
Chip
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
RAM
RAM
Boot program area
Application program
(old version)
Application program
(old version)
3. Flash memory initialization
The erase program in the boot program area (in
RAM) is executed, and the flash memory is
initialized (to H'FF). In boot mode, entire flash
memory erasure is performed, without regard to
blocks.
Host
Programming control
program
4. Writing new application program
The programming control program transferred
from the host to RAM is executed, and the new
application program in the host is written into the
flash memory.
Host
New application
program
Chip
Chip
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
Flash memory
RAM
Boot program area
Flash memory
prewrite-erase
Programming control
program
SCI
Boot program
RAM
Boot program area
New application
program
Programming control
program
Program execution state
Figure 19.4 Boot Mode
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Section 19 ROM
• User program mode
1. Initial state
(1) The program that will transfer the
programming/erase control program to on-chip
RAM should be written into the flash memory by
the user beforehand. (2) The programming/erase
control program should be prepared in the host
or in the flash memory.
2. Programming/erase control program transfer
Executes the transfer program in the flash
memory, and transfers the programming/erase
control program to RAM.
Host
Host
Programming/
erase control program
New application
program
New application
program
Chip
Chip
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
SCI
Boot program
RAM
Flash memory
Transfer program
RAM
Transfer program
Programming/
erase control program
Application program
(old version)
Application program
(old version)
3. Flash memory initialization
The programming/erase program in RAM is
executed, and the flash memory is initialized (to
H'FF). Erasing can be performed in block units,
but not in byte units.
4. Writing new application program
Next, the new application program in the host is
written into the erased flash memory blocks. Do
not write to unerased blocks.
Host
Host
New application
program
Chip
Chip
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
RAM
SCI
Boot program
Flash memory
RAM
Transfer program
Transfer program
Programming/
erase control program
Flash memory
erase
Programming/
erase control program
New application
program
Program execution state
Figure 19.5 User Program Mode (Example)
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.5
Flash Memory Emulation in RAM
Reading Overlap RAM Data in User Mode and User Program Mode: Emulation should be
performed in user mode or user program mode. When the emulation block set in RAMER is
accessed while the emulation function is being executed, data written in the overlap RAM is read.
SCI
Flash memory
RAM
Emulation block
Overlap RAM
(emulation is performed
on data written in RAM)
Application program
Execution state
Figure 19.6 Reading Overlap RAM Data in User Mode and User Program Mode
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Section 19 ROM
Writing Overlap RAM Data in User Program Mode: When overlap RAM data is confirmed,
the RAMS bit is cleared, RAM overlap is released, and writes should actually be performed to the
flash memory.
When the programming control program is transferred to RAM, ensure that the transfer destination
and the overlap RAM do not overlap, as this will cause data in the overlap RAM to be rewritten.
SCI
Flash memory
RAM
Programming data
Overlap RAM
(programming data)
Programming control
program
Execution state
Application program
Figure 19.7 Writing Overlap RAM Data in User Program Mode
19.4.6
Differences between Boot Mode and User Program Mode
Table 19.4 Differences between Boot Mode and User Program Mode
Boot Mode
User Program Mode
Entire memory erase
Yes
Yes
Block erase
No
Yes
Programming control program*
Program/program-verify
Erase/erase-verify/program/
program-verify/emulation
Note: * To be provided by the user, in accordance with the recommended algorithm.
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.7
Block Configuration
The flash memory is divided into five 64-kbyte blocks, one 32-kbyte block, and eight 4-kbyte
blocks.
Address H'00000
4 kbytes × 8
32 kbytes
64 kbytes
384 kbytes
64 kbytes
64 kbytes
64 kbytes
64 kbytes
Address H'5FFFF
Figure 19.8 Flash Memory Block Configuration
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.8
Pin Configuration
The flash memory is controlled by means of the pins shown in table 19.5.
Table 19.5 Flash Memory Pins
Pin Name
Abbreviation
I/O
Function
Reset
RES
Input
Reset
Mode 2
MD2
Input
Sets MCU operating mode
Mode 1
MD1
Input
Sets MCU operating mode
Mode 0
MD0
Input
Sets MCU operating mode
Port 64
P64
Input
Sets MCU operating mode in PROM mode
Port 65
P65
Input
Sets MCU operating mode in PROM mode
Port 66
P66
Input
Sets MCU operating mode in PROM mode
Transmit data
TxD1
Output
Serial transmit data output
Receive data
RxD1
Input
Serial receive data input
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Section 19 ROM
19.4.9
Register Configuration
The registers used to control the on-chip flash memory when enabled are shown in table 19.6.
In order to access the FLMCR1, FLMCR2, EBR1, and EBR2 registers, the FLSHE bit must be set
to 1 in SYSCR2 (except RAMER).
Table 19.6 Flash Memory Registers
Register Name
Abbreviation R/W
Flash memory control register 1
FLMCR1 *
5
FLMCR2 *
Flash memory control register 2
5
5
3
R/W *
3
R/W *
3
1
Initial Value
Address*
H'80
H'FFC8*
2
H'FFC9*
2
H'00
4
2
Erase block register 2
EBR1*
5
EBR2*
System control register 2
SYSCR2 *
R/W
H'00
H'FF42
RAM emulation register
RAMER
R/W
H'00
H'FEDB
Erase block register 1
6
R/W *
3
R/W *
H'00*
4
H'00*
H'FFCA*
2
H'FFCB*
Notes: 1. Lower 16 bits of the address.
2. Flash memory. Registers selection is performed by the FLSHE bit in system control
register 2 (SYSCR2).
3. In modes in which the on-chip flash memory is disabled, a read will return H'00, and
writes are invalid.
4. If a high level is input and the SWE bit in FLMCR1 is not set, these registers are
initialized to H'00.
5. FLMCR1, FLMCR2, EBR1, and EBR2 are 8-bit registers. Only byte accesses are valid
for these registers, the access requiring 2 states.
6. The SYSCR2 register can only be used in the F-ZTAT version. In the mask ROM
version this register will return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
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Section 19 ROM
19.5
Register Descriptions
19.5.1
Flash Memory Control Register 1 (FLMCR1)
Bit
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FWE
SWE
ESU
PSU
EV
PV
E
P
Initial value :
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
FLMCR1 is an 8-bit register used for flash memory operating mode control. Program-verify mode
or erase-verify mode is entered by setting SWE to 1, then setting the EV or PV bit. Program mode
is entered by setting SWE to 1, then setting the PSU bit, and finally setting the P bit. Erase mode is
entered by setting SWE to 1, then setting the ESU bit, and finally setting the E bit. FLMCR1 is
initialized to H'80 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode and software standby mode. When
on-chip flash memory is disabled, a read will return H'00, and writes are invalid.
Writing to bits ESU, PSU, EV, and PV in FLMCR1 is enabled only when SWE = 1; writing to the
E bit is enabled only when SWE = 1, and ESU = 1; and writing to the P bit is enabled only when
SWE = 1, and PSU = 1.
Bit 7—Flash Write Enable Bit (FWE): Sets hardware protection against flash memory
programming/erasing. These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 1 in this model.
Bit 6—Software Write Enable Bit (SWE): Enables or disables flash memory programming and
erasing. This bit should be set when setting bits 5 to 0 in FLMCR1, EBR1 bits 7 to 0, and EBR2
bits 5 to 0.
When SWE = 1, the flash memory can only be read in program-verify or erase-verify mode.
Bit 6
SWE
Description
0
Writes disabled
1
Writes enabled
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(Initial value)
Section 19 ROM
Bit 5—Erase Setup Bit (ESU): Prepares for a transition to erase mode. Do not set the SWE, PSU,
EV, PV, E, or P bit at the same time.
Bit 5
ESU
Description
0
Erase setup cleared
1
Erase setup
(Initial value)
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1
Bit 4—Program Setup Bit (PSU): Prepares for a transition to program mode. Do not set the
SWE, ESU, EV, PV, E, or P bit at the same time.
Bit 4
PSU
Description
0
Program setup cleared
1
Program setup
(Initial value)
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1
Bit 3—Erase-Verify (EV): Selects erase-verify mode transition or clearing. Do not set the SWE,
ESU, PSU, PV, E, or P bit at the same time.
Bit 3
EV
Description
0
Erase-verify mode cleared
1
Transition to erase-verify mode
(Initial value)
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1
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Section 19 ROM
Bit 2—Program-Verify (PV): Selects program-verify mode transition or clearing. Do not set the
SWE, ESU, PSU, EV, E, or P bit at the same time.
Bit 2
PV
Description
0
Program-verify mode cleared
1
Transition to program-verify mode
(Initial value)
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1
Bit 1—Erase (E): Selects erase mode transition or clearing. Do not set the SWE, ESU, PSU, EV,
PV, or P bit at the same time.
Bit 1
E
Description
0
Erase mode cleared
1
Transition to erase mode
(Initial value)
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1, and ESU = 1
Bit 0—Program (P): Selects program mode transition or clearing. Do not set the SWE, PSU,
ESU, EV, PV, or E bit at the same time.
Bit 0
P
Description
0
Program mode cleared
1
Transition to program mode
[Setting condition]
When SWE = 1, and PSU = 1
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(Initial value)
Section 19 ROM
19.5.2
Bit
Flash Memory Control Register 2 (FLMCR2)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FLER
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
:
FLMCR2 is an 8-bit register that controls the flash memory operating modes. FLMCR2 is
initialized to H'00 by a reset, and in hardware standby mode and software standby mode.
When on-chip flash memory is disabled, a read will return H'00 and writes are invalid.
Bit 7—Flash Memory Error (FLER): Indicates that an error has occurred during an operation on
flash memory (programming or erasing). When FLER is set to 1, flash memory goes to the errorprotection state.
Bit 7
FLER
Description
0
Flash memory is operating normally
(Initial value)
Flash memory program/erase protection (error protection) is disabled
[Clearing condition]
Reset or hardware standby mode
1
An error has occurred during flash memory programming/erasing
Flash memory program/erase protection (error protection) is enabled
[Setting condition]
See section 19.8.3, Error Protection
Bits 6 to 0—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
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Section 19 ROM
19.5.3
Bit
Erase Block Register 1 (EBR1)
:
EBR1
Initial value :
R/W
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EB7
EB6
EB5
EB4
EB3
EB2
EB1
EB0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
EBR1 is an 8-bit register that specifies the flash memory erase area block by block. EBR1 is
initialized to H'00 by a reset, in hardware standby mode and software standby mode, and the SWE
bit in FLMCR1 is not set. When a bit in EBR1 is set, the corresponding block can be erased. Other
blocks are erase-protected. Set only one bit in EBR1 and EBR2 together (setting more than one bit
will automatically clear all EBR1 and EBR2 bits to 0). When on-chip flash memory is disabled, a
read will return H'00 and writes are invalid.
The flash memory block configuration is shown in table 19.7.
19.5.4
Bit
Erase Block Registers 2 (EBR2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EBR2
:
—
—
EB13
EB12
EB11
EB10
EB9
EB8
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
EBR2 is an 8-bit register that specifies the flash memory erase area block by block. EBR2 is
initialized to H'00 by a reset, in hardware standby mode and software standby mode, and the SWE
bit in FLMCR1 is not set. When a bit in EBR2 is set, the corresponding block can be erased. Other
blocks are erase-protected. Set only one bit in EBR2 and EBR1 together (setting more than one bit
will automatically clear all EBR1 and EBR2 bits to 0). Bits 7 and 6 are reserved: they are always
read as 0 and cannot be modified. When on-chip flash memory is disabled, a read will return H'00,
and writes are invalid.
The flash memory block configuration is shown in table 19.7.
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Section 19 ROM
Table 19.7 Flash Memory Erase Blocks
Block (Size)
Address
EB0 (4 kbytes)
H'000000 to H'000FFF
EB1 (4 kbytes)
H'001000 to H'001FFF
EB2 (4 kbytes)
H'002000 to H'002FFF
EB3 (4 kbytes)
H'003000 to H'003FFF
EB4 (4 kbytes)
H'004000 to H'004FFF
EB5 (4 kbytes)
H'005000 to H'005FFF
EB6 (4 kbytes)
H'006000 to H'006FFF
EB7 (4 kbytes)
H'007000 to H'007FFF
EB8 (32 kbytes)
H'008000 to H'00FFFF
EB9 (64 kbytes)
H'010000 to H'01FFFF
EB10 (64 kbytes)
H'020000 to H'02FFFF
EB11 (64 kbytes)
H'030000 to H'03FFFF
EB12 (64 kbytes)
H'040000 to H'04FFFF
EB13 (64 kbytes)
H'050000 to H'05FFFF
19.5.5
Bit
System Control Register 2 (SYSCR2)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
FLSHE
—
—
—
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
—
—
R/W
:
SYSCR2 is an 8-bit readable/writable register that performs on-chip flash memory control.
SYSCR2 is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware standby mode.
SYSCR2 can only be used in the F-ZTAT version. In the mask ROM version this register will
return an undefined value if read, and cannot be modified.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
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Section 19 ROM
Bit 3—Flash Memory Control Register Enable (FLSHE): Controls CPU access to the flash
memory control registers (FLMCR1, FLMCR2, EBR1, and EBR2). Writing 1 to the FLSHE bit
enables the flash memory control registers to be read and written to. Clearing FLSHE to 0
designates these registers as unselected (the register contents are retained).
Bit 3
FLSHE
Description
0
Flash control registers are not selected for addresses H'FFFFC8 to H'FFFFCB
(Initial value)
1
Flash control registers are selected for addresses H'FFFFC8 to H'FFFFCB
Bits 2 and 1—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
Bit 0—Reserved: This bit should not be written with 0.
19.5.6
Bit
RAM Emulation Register (RAMER)
:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
RAMS
RAM2
RAM1
RAM0
Initial value :
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
:
RAMER specifies the area of flash memory to be overlapped with part of RAM when emulating
real-time flash memory programming. RAMER is initialized to H'00 by a reset and in hardware
standby mode. It is not initialized in software standby mode. RAMER settings should be made in
user mode or user program mode.
Flash memory area divisions are shown in table 19.8. To ensure correct operation of the emulation
function, the ROM for which RAM emulation is performed should not be accessed immediately
after this register has been modified. Normal execution of an access immediately after register
modification is not guaranteed.
Bits 7 to 4—Reserved: These bits cannot be modified and are always read as 0.
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Section 19 ROM
Bit 3—RAM Select (RAMS): Specifies selection or non-selection of flash memory emulation in
RAM. When RAMS = 1, all flash memory blocks are program/erase-protected.
Bit 3
RAMS
Description
0
Emulation not selected
(Initial value)
Program/erase-protection of all flash memory blocks is disabled
1
Emulation selected
Program/erase-protection of all flash memory blocks is enabled
Bits 2 to 0—Flash Memory Area Selection (RAM2 to RAM0): These bits are used together
with bit 3 to select the flash memory area to be overlapped with RAM. (See table 19.8.)
Table 19.8 Flash Memory Area Divisions
RAM Area
Block Name
RAMS
RAM2
RAM1
RAM0
H'FFDC00 to H'FFEBFF
RAM area, 4 kbytes
0
*
*
*
H'000000 to H'000FFF
EB0 (4 kbytes)
1
0
0
0
H'001000 to H'001FFF
EB1 (4 kbytes)
1
0
0
1
H'002000 to H'002FFF
EB2 (4 kbytes)
1
0
1
0
H'003000 to H'003FFF
EB3 (4 kbytes)
1
0
1
1
H'004000 to H'004FFF
EB4 (4 kbytes)
1
1
0
0
H'005000 to H'005FFF
EB5 (4 kbytes)
1
1
0
1
H'006000 to H'006FFF
EB6 (4 kbytes)
1
1
1
0
H'007000 to H'007FFF
EB7 (4 kbytes)
1
1
1
1
*: Don’t care
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Section 19 ROM
19.6
On-Board Programming Modes
When pins are set to on-board programming mode, program/erase/verify operations can be
performed on the on-chip flash memory. There are two on-board programming modes: boot mode
and user program mode. The pin settings for transition to each of these modes are shown in table
19.9. For a diagram of the transitions to the various flash memory modes, see figure 19.3.
Table 19.9 Setting On-Board Programming Modes
Mode
Pins
MCU Mode
CPU Operating Mode
MD2
MD1
MD0
Boot mode
Advanced expanded mode with
on-chip ROM enabled
0
1
0
Advanced single-chip mode
User program mode*
Advanced expanded mode with
on-chip ROM enabled
Advanced single-chip mode
1
1
1
0
1
Note: * Normally, user mode should be used. Set the SWE bit to 1 to make a transition to user
program mode before performing a program/erase/verify operation.
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Section 19 ROM
19.6.1
Boot Mode
When boot mode is used, the flash memory programming control program must be prepared in the
host beforehand. The channel 1 SCI to be used is set to asynchronous mode.
When a reset-start is executed after the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT chip’s pins have been set to boot
mode, the boot program built into the chip is started and the programming control program
prepared in the host is serially transmitted to the chip via the SCI. In the chip, the programming
control program received via the SCI is written into the programming control program area in onchip RAM. After the transfer is completed, control branches to the start address of the
programming control program area and the programming control program execution state is
entered (flash memory programming is performed).
The transferred programming control program must therefore include coding that follows the
programming algorithm given later.
The system configuration in boot mode is shown in figure 19.9, and the boot program mode
execution procedure in figure 19.10.
Chip
Flash memory
Host
Write data reception
Verify data transmission
RxD1
SCI1
On-chip RAM
TxD1
Figure 19.9 System Configuration in Boot Mode
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Section 19 ROM
Start
Set pins to boot mode
and execute reset-start
Host transfers data (H'00)
continuously at prescribed bit rate
Chip measures low period
of H'00 data transmitted by host
Chip calculates bit rate and
sets value in bit rate register
After bit rate adjustment, chip
transmits one H'00 data byte to
host to indicate end of adjustment
Host confirms normal reception
of bit rate adjustment end
indication (H'00), and transmits
one H'55 data byte
After receiving H'55,
chip transmits one H'AA
data byte to host
Host transmits number
of programming control program
bytes (N), upper byte followed
by lower byte
Chip transmits received
number of bytes to host as verify
data (echo-back)
n=1
Host transmits programming control
program sequentially in byte units
Chip transmits received
programming control program to
host as verify data (echo-back)
n+1→n
Transfer received programming
control program to on-chip RAM
No
n = N?
Yes
End of transmission
Check flash memory data, and
if data has already been written,
erase all blocks
After confirming that all flash
memory data has been erased,
chip transmits one H'AA data
byte to host
Execute programming control
program transferred to on-chip RAM
Note: If a memory cell does not operate normally and cannot be erased, one H'FF byte is
transmitted as an erase error, and the erase operation and subsequent operations
are halted.
Figure 19.10 Boot Mode Execution Procedure
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Section 19 ROM
Automatic SCI Bit Rate Adjustment: When boot mode is initiated, the H8S/2329B F-ZTAT
chip measures the low period of the asynchronous SCI communication data (H'00) transmitted
continuously from the host. The SCI transmit/receive format should be set as follows: 8-bit data, 1
stop bit, no parity. The chip calculates the bit rate of the transmission from the host from the
measured low period, and transmits one H'00 byte to the host to indicate the end of bit rate
adjustment. The host should confirm that this adjustment end indication (H'00) has been received
normally, and transmit one H'55 byte to the chip. If reception cannot be performed normally,
initiate boot mode again (reset), and repeat the above operations. Depending on the host’s
transmission bit rate and the chip’s system clock frequency, there will be a discrepancy between
the bit rates of the host and the chip. To ensure correct SCI operation, the host’s transfer bit rate
should be set to 9,600 or 19,200 bps.
Table 19.10 shows typical host transfer bit rates and system clock frequencies for which automatic
adjustment of the MCU’s bit rate is possible. The boot program should be executed within this
system clock range.
Start
bit
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Low period (9 bits) measured (H'00 data)
Stop
bit
High period
(1 or more bits)
Figure 19.11 Automatic SCI Bit Rate Adjustment
Table 19.10 System Clock Frequencies for which Automatic Adjustment of H8S/2329B
F-ZTAT Bit Rate is Possible
Host Bit Rate
System Clock Frequency for which Automatic Adjustment
of H8S/2329B F-ZTAT Bit Rate is Possible
19,200 bps
16 MHz to 25 MHz
9,600 bps
8 MHz to 25 MHz
On-Chip RAM Area Divisions in Boot Mode: In boot mode, the 2-kbyte area from H'FF7C00 to
H'FF83FF is reserved for use by the boot program, as shown in figure 19.12. The area to which the
programming control program is transferred is H'FF8400 to H'FFFBFF. The boot program area
can be used when the programming control program transferred into RAM enters the execution
state. A stack area should be set up as required.
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Section 19 ROM
H'FF7C00
H'FF83FF
Boot program
area*
(2 kbytes)
Programming
control program
area
(30 kbytes)
H'FFFBFF
Note: * The boot program area cannot be used until a transition is made to the execution state
for the programming control program transferred to RAM. Note that the boot program
remains stored in this area after a branch is made to the programming control program.
Figure 19.12 RAM Areas in Boot Mode
Notes on Use of Boot Mode
• When the chip comes out of reset in boot mode, it measures the low-level period of the input at
the SCI’s RxD1 pin. The reset should end with RxD1 high. After the reset ends, it takes
approximately 100 states before the chip is ready to measure the low-level period of the RxD1
pin.
• In boot mode, if any data has been programmed into the flash memory (if all data is not 1), all
flash memory blocks are erased. Boot mode is for use when user program mode is unavailable,
such as the first time on-board programming is performed, or if the program activated in user
program mode is accidentally erased.
• Interrupts cannot be used while the flash memory is being programmed or erased.
• The RxD1 and TxD1 pins should be pulled up on the board.
• Before branching to the programming control program (RAM area H'FF8400 to H'FFFBFF),
the chip terminates transmit and receive operations by the on-chip SCI (channel 1) (by clearing
the RE and TE bits in SCR to 0), but the adjusted bit rate value remains set in BRR. The
transmit data output pin, TxD1, goes to the high-level output state (P31DDR = 1, P31DR = 1).
Rev.6.00 Sep. 27, 2007 Page 762 of 1268
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Section 19 ROM
• The contents of the CPU’s internal general registers are undefined at this time, so these
registers must be initialized immediately after branching to the programming control program.
In particular, since the stack pointer (SP) is used implicitly in subroutine calls, etc., a stack area
must be specified for use by the programming control program.
• Initial settings must also be made for the other on-chip registers.
• Boot mode can be entered by making the pin settings shown in table 19.9 and executing a
reset-start.
• Boot mode can be cleared by driving the reset pin low, waiting at least 20 states, then setting
the mode pins, and executing reset release*1. Boot mode can also be cleared by a WDT
overflow reset.
• Do not change the mode pin input levels in boot mode.
• If the mode pin input levels are changed (for example, from low to high) during a reset, the
state of ports with multiplexed address functions and bus control output pins (AS, RD, HWR)
will change according to the change in the microcomputer’s operating mode*2.
Therefore, care must be taken to make pin settings to prevent these pins from becoming output
signal pins during a reset, or to prevent collision with signals outside the microcomputer.
Notes: 1. Mode pins input must satisfy the mode programming setup time (tMDS = 200 ns) with
respect to the reset release timing.
2. See section 9, I/O Ports.
19.6.2
User Program Mode
When set to user program mode, the chip can program and erase its flash memory by executing a
user program/erase control program. Therefore, on-board reprogramming of the on-chip flash
memory can be carried out by providing on-board means supply of programming data, and storing
a program/erase control program in part of the program area if necessary.
To select user program mode, select a mode that enables the on-chip flash memory (mode 6 or 7).
In this mode, on-chip supporting modules other than flash memory operate as they normally
would in modes 6 and 7.
The flash memory itself cannot be read while the SWE bit is set to 1 to perform programming or
erasing, so the control program that performs programming and erasing should be run in on-chip
RAM or external memory. When the program is located in external memory, an instruction for
programming the flash memory and the following instruction should be located in on-chip RAM.
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Section 19 ROM
Figure 19.13 shows the procedure for executing the program/erase control program when
transferred to on-chip RAM.
Write the transfer program
(and the program/erase control
program if necessary) beforehand
MD2, MD1, MD0 = 110, 111
Reset-start
Transfer program/erase control
program to RAM
Branch to program/erase control
program in RAM area
Execute program/erase control
program (flash memory rewriting)
Branch to flash memory application
program
Note: The watchdog timer should be activated to prevent overprogramming or overerasing
due to program runaway, etc.
Figure 19.13 User Program Mode Execution Procedure
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Section 19 ROM
19.7
Programming/Erasing Flash Memory
In the on-board programming modes, flash memory programming and erasing is performed by
software, using the CPU. There are four flash memory operating modes: program mode, erase
mode, program-verify mode, and erase-verify mode. Transitions to these modes can be made by
setting the PSU, ESU, P, E, PV, and EV bits in FLMCR1.
The flash memory cannot be read while being programmed or erased. Therefore, the program that
controls flash memory programming/erasing (the programming control program) should be
located and executed in on-chip RAM or external memory. When the program is located in
external memory, an instruction for programming the flash memory and the following instruction
should be located in on-chip RAM. The DMAC or DTC should not be activated before or after the
instruction for programming the flash memory is executed.
Notes: 1. Operation is not guaranteed if setting/resetting of the SWE, ESU, PSU, EV, PV, E, and
P bits in FLMCR1 is executed by a program in flash memory.
2. Perform programming in the erased state. Do not perform additional programming on
previously programmed addresses.
19.7.1
Program Mode
Follow the procedure shown in the program/program-verify flowchart in figure 19.14 to write data
or programs to flash memory. Performing program operations according to this flowchart will
enable data or programs to be written to flash memory without subjecting the device to voltage
stress or sacrificing program data reliability. Programming should be carried out 128 bytes at a
time.
For the wait times (x, y, z1, z2, z3 α, ß, γ, ε, η, and θ) after bits are set or cleared in flash memory
control register 1 (FLMCR1) and the maximum number of programming operations (N), see
section 22.2.6, Flash Memory Characteristics.
Following the elapse of (x) µs or more after the SWE bit is set to 1 in flash memory control
register 1 (FLMCR1), 128-byte program data is stored in the program data area and reprogram
data area, and the 128-byte data in the reprogram data area is written consecutively to the write
addresses. The lower 8 bits of the first address written to must be H'00 or H'80. 128 consecutive
byte data transfers are performed. The program address and program data are latched in the flash
memory. A 128-byte data transfer must be performed even if writing fewer than 128 bytes; in this
case, H'FF data must be written to the extra addresses.
Next, the watchdog timer is set to prevent overprogramming in the event of program runaway, etc.
Set a value greater than (y + z2 + α + β) µs as the WDT overflow period. After this, preparation
for program mode (program setup) is carried out by setting the PSU bit in FLMCR1, and after the
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Section 19 ROM
elapse of (y) µs or more, the operating mode is switched to program mode by setting the P bit in
FLMCR1. The time during which the P bit is set is the flash memory programming time. Set the
programming time according to the table in the programming flowchart.
19.7.2
Program-Verify Mode
In program-verify mode, the data written in program mode is read to check whether it has been
correctly written in the flash memory.
After the elapse of a given programming time, the programming mode is exited (the P bit in
FLMCR1 is cleared to 0, then the PSU bit is cleared to 0 at least (α) µs later). Next, the watchdog
timer is cleared after the elapse of (β) µs or more, and the operating mode is switched to programverify mode by setting the PV bit in FLMCR1. Before reading in program-verify mode, a dummy
write of H'FF data should be made to the addresses to be read. The dummy write should be
executed after the elapse of (γ) µs or more. When the flash memory is read in this state (verify data
is read in 16-bit units), the data at the latched address is read. Wait at least (ε) µs after the dummy
write before performing this read operation. Next, the originally written data is compared with the
verify data, and reprogram data is computed (see figure 19.14) and transferred to the reprogram
data area. After 128 bytes of data have been verified, exit program-verify mode in FLMCR1 to 0,
and wait again for at least (θ) μs. If reprogramming is necessary, set program mode again, and
repeat the program/program-verify sequence as before. However, ensure that the
program/program-verify sequence is not repeated more than (N) times on the same bits.
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Section 19 ROM
Start of programming
Write pulse application subroutine
Sub-routine write pulse
Start
Enable WDT
Set SWE bit in FLMCR1
Wait (x) μs
*6
Store 128-byte program data in program
data area and reprogram data area
*4
Set PSU bit in FLMCR1
Wait (y) μs
*6
Perform programming in the erased state.
Do not perform additional programming
on previously programmed addresses.
Set P bit in FLMCR1
n=1
Wait (z1) μs or (z2) μs or (z3) μs
*5 *6
m=0
Clear P bit in FLMCR1
Wait (α) μs
Write 128-byte data in RAM reprogram *1
data area consecutively to flash memory
*6
Sub-routine-call
Clear PSU bit in FLMCR1
Wait (β) μs
Write pulse
(z1) μs or (z2) μs
*6
Disable WDT
See Note 7 for pulse width
*6
Set PV bit in FLMCR1
Wait (γ) μs
End sub
Note 7: Write Pulse Width
Number of Writes (n)
Write Time (z) μs
1
z1
2
z1
3
z1
4
z1
5
z1
6
z1
7
z2
8
z2
9
z2
10
z2
11
z2
12
z2
13
z2
.
.
.
.
.
.
998
z2
999
z2
1000
z2
Note: Use a (z3) µs write pulse for additional
programming.
*6
H'FF dummy write to verify address
*6
Wait (ε) μs
*6
Read verify