UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD L3380 CMOS IC PWM STEP UP DC-DC CONTROLLER DESCRIPTION The L3380 is PWM step up DC-DC switching controller that operates from 0.9V. The low start up input voltage makes L3380 specially designed for powering portable equipment from one or two cells battery packs. This device consist of a soft start circuit, a reference voltage source, an error amplifier, an oscillator, a phase compensation, a PWM controller and an output drive circuit for driving external power transistor. Additionally, a chip enable feature is provided to power down the converter for extended battery life. The device features a voltage mode PWM control loop, providing stable and high efficiency operation over a broad load current range. 3 2 1 5 4 SOT-25 *Pb-free plating product number: L3380L FEATURES * 0.9V low start-up Input voltage at 1mA load * Low operation current * 0.5uA low shutdown current * Fix frequency PWM at 100KHZ * Built in PWM switching control circuit ,duty ratio is 0~83% * Output voltage:0.1V step setting is available between 2.0V and 6.5V * Soft start time: 6ms * Shutdown function APPLICATIONS *Portable devices *Electronic games *Portable audio (MP3) *Personal digital assistant (PDA) *Digital still cameras(DSC) *Camcorders *White LED driver *Single and dual-cell battery operated products ORDERING INFORMATION Order Number Normal Lead Free Plating L3380-xx-AF5-R L3380L-xx-AF5-R Package Packing SOT-25 Tape Reel L3380L-xx-AF5-R (1)Packing Type (2)Package Type (1) R: Tape Reel (2) AF5: SOT-25 (3)Output Voltage Code (3) xx: refer to Marking Information (4)Lead Plating (4) L: Lead Free Plating, Blank: Pb/Sn www.unisonic.com.tw Copyright © 2006 Unisonic Technologies Co., Ltd 1 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC MARKING INFORMATION PACKAGE VOLTAGE CODE SOT-25 18:1.8V 21:2.1V 25:2.5V 27:2.7V 30:3.0V 33:3.3V 40:4.0V 50:5.0V MARKING 3 2 1 H0 Voltage Code Lead Plating 4 5 PIN DESCRIPTION PIN NAME 1 SHUTDOWN 2 3 4 5 VOUT NC VSS EXT FUNCTION Shutdown control input, “H” : normal operation “L” : stop step up( whole circuit stop). Power supply and voltage output. No connection. Ground. Switching the circuit by connecting to a transistor. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 2 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC BLOCK DIAGRAM VOUT 2 L3380 Error Amp PWM COMP Driver 5 EXT Phase compensation Voltage Reference Oscillator Soft Start 4 1 VSS SHUTDOWN UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 3 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER SYMBOL RATINGS UNIT VOUT Pin Voltage VOUT 12 V SHUTDOWN Pin Voltage VSHUTDOWN VSS-0.3~12 V EXT Pin Voltage VEXT -0.3~ VOUT+0.3 V EXT Pin Current IEXT ±80 mA Power Dissipation PD 250 mW Operating Ambient Temperature TOPR -40~+85 ℃ Storage Temperature TSTG -40~ +125 ℃ Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which the device could be permanently damaged. Absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only and functional device operation is not implied. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Refer to the test circuit, TOPR=25ºC, VIN=VOUT (S)*0.6, IOUT=VOUT (S)/50Ω, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL TEST CIRCUIT VOUT 2 IS1 IS2 VIN 1 1 2 VHOLD 2 Measured by decreasing VIN voltage gradually, when IOUT=1mA. Operation Start Voltage VST1 2 IOUT=1mA Oscillation Start Voltage VST2 1 fOSC Duty ⊿LNR ⊿LDR 1 1 2 2 Temperature Coefficient ET 2 Efficiency Soft Start time SHUTDOWN Shutdown Supply Current Shutdown Pin Input Current EF Ts 2 2 ISS ISH ISL 1 PARAMETER TEST CONDITION MIN TYP MAX UNIT TOTAL DEVICE Output Voltage Supply Current 1 Supply Current 2 Input Voltage Operation Holding Voltage Oscillation Frequency Duty Ratio Line Regulation Load Regulation 1 VIH Shutdown Pin Input Voltage Threshold VIL1 1 V IL2 VOUT (S)*0.976 VOUT=VOUT (S)*0.95 VOUT=VIN (S)+0.5V Increase the VIN until EXT pin output the oscillating signal VOUT=VOUT (S)*0.95 VOUT=VOUT (S)*0.95 VIN=VOUT (S)*0.4 to *0.6 IOUT=10uA to VOUT (S)/50*1.25 ⊿VOUT/(⊿TOPR*VOUT) TOPR=-40℃ to +85℃ 39.8 6.3 VOUT (S)*1.024 66.4 12.5 10 0.7 85 75 V uA uA V V 100 83 30 30 0.9 V 0.8 V 115 90 60 60 12.0 KHZ % mV mV ppm/ ℃ % ms 0.5 0.1 -0.1 uA uA uA ±50 3.0 VSHUTDOWN=0 VSHUTDOWN=VOUT (S)*0.95 VSHUTDOWN=0 Shutdown pin “L” to “H” until EXT output oscillating signal Shutdown pin VOUT≥1.5V “H” to “L” until EXT output oscillating signal VOUT<1.5V VOUT (S) 86 6.0 0.75 V 0.3 V 0.2 V EXT EXT Pin Current IEXTH IEXTL 1 1 VEXT=VOUT (S) -0.4V VEXT= 0.4V -16.1 27.4 -32.3 54.8 mA mA Note: VOUT (S) is the value of the set output voltage. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 4 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC APPLICATION CIRCUIT L1 D1 M1FH3 CDRH8D28-470 VOUT C2 VIN C1 Q1 FDN335N C3 F93 L3380 EXT OUT SHUTDOWN R1 VSS TEST CIRCUIT 1. EXT Oscilloscope VOUT SHUTDOWN + - VIN + VSS 0.1u + - 47u 2. VIN + + - - 47u + EXT VOUT 0.1u 47u - v SHUTDOWN VSS UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 5 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC APPLICATION CIRCUIT INFORMATION The following equations show the relation of the basic design parameters. 1. Refer to the application circuit, the increasing inductor current when the switch is turn on is given by the following equation ∆iL + = 1 1 d U LTON = (U IN − U S ) L L f ( U IN :input voltage ; U S :transistor saturation voltage) The decreasing inductor current when the switch is turn off can derive by the equation below 1 1 1− d U LTOFF = − (U O + U D − U IN ) （ U D ：diode forward voltage） L L f + − according to ∆iL + ∆iL = 0 ,the duty ratio is given by U + U D − U IN d= O UO + U D − U S IO 2. The average current flowing through the inductor is I L = 1− d 3. We note that I O = (1 − d ) I L I then we can write: I O = (1 − d ) L • ∆iL ∆iL 1 substituting ∆iL = U LTOFF ∆iL for equation above, output current is given by L ∆i 1 1 I O = (1 − d ) • • U LTOFF ( ICR = L ) IL ICR L 1 1 1− d I O = (1 − d ) • • (Uo + U D − U IN ) ICR L f ∆iL − = IO =(1-d ) 2• UO+UD – UIN ICR • L• f derive that L= (1– d) 2(UO+UD-UIN) ICR • IO • f 4. The peak current of the inductor is given by 1 I PK = I L + ∆iL 2 1 ∆iL I PK = I L + • IL 2 IL ∆i according to ICR = L IL 1 I PK = I L + ICR • I L 2 derive that Then derive the following equation for peak current of inductor 1 I PK = I L (1 + ICR) 2 UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 6 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC APPLICATION CIRCUIT INFORMATION (Cont.) 5. Charge stores in C3 during charging up is given by we can write ∆Q = ( I L − I O ) • ∆Q = I C • TOFF 1− d f 6. Output ripple voltage is given by VPP = ∆U C + ESR • ( I L − I O ) VPP = (ESR: equivalent series resistance of the output capacitor) ∆Q + ESR • ( I L − I O ) C Then we give the following example about choosing external components by considering the design parameters. Design parameters: Assume d= UD and U IN =1.5V Uo =2.1V I O =200mA VPP =100mV f=300KHZ ICR=0.2 US are both 0.3V, the duty ratio is U O + U D − U IN 2.1 + 0.3 − 1.5 = = 0.429 U O + U D − U S 2.1 + 0.3 − 0.3 In order to generate the desired output current and ICR, the value of inductor should meets the following formula L≤ (1– d) 2(UO+UD-UIN) ICR • IO • f = (1– 0.429)2(2.1V+0.3V-1.5V) = 24.5uH 0.2×0.2A×300000HZ Calculate the average current and the peak current of inductor IL = IO 0.2 A = = 0.35 A 1 − d 1 − 0.429 I PK = I L (1 + 1 1 ICR) = 0.35 A × (1 + × 0.2) = 0.385 A 2 2 So, we make a trial of choosing a 22uH inductor that allowable maximum current is lager than 0.385A. Determine the delta charge stores in C3 during charging up ∆Q = ( I L − I O ) • 1− d 1 − 0.429 = (0.35 A − 0.2 A) × = 0.286uC f 300000 HZ Assume the ESR of C3 is 0.15Ω, determine the value of C3 ∆Q 0.286 × 10−6 C C≥ = = 3.69uF VPP − ESR • ( I L − I O ) 0.1 − 0.15Ω × (0.35 A − 0.2 A) Therefore, a Tantalum capacitor with value of 10uF and ESR of 0.15Ω can be used as output capacitor. However, the optimized value should be obtained by experiment. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 7 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC EXTERNAL COMPONENTS 1. Diode (D1) The diode is the largest source of loss in DC-DC converters. The most important parameters which affect the efficiency are the forward voltage drop UD and the reverse recovery time. The forward voltage drop creates a loss just by having a voltage across the device while a current flowing through it. The reverse recovery time generates a loss when the diode is reverse biased, and the current appears to actually flow backwards through the diode due to the minority carriers being swept from the P-N junction. A Schottky diode with the following characteristics is recommended: *Low forward voltage: U D < 0.3V *Fast reverse recovery time/switching speed: *Rated current: ≤ 50nS > I PK *Reverse voltage: ≥ UO + U D 2. Inductor (L1) Low inductance values supply higher output current, but also increase the ripple and reduce efficiency. Choose a low DC-resistance inductor to minimize loss. It is necessary to choose an inductor with saturation current greater than the peak current that the inductor will encounter in the application. Saturation occurs when the inductor’s magnetic flux density reaches the maximum level the core can support and inductance falls. 3. Capacitor (C1,C3) The input capacitor C1 improves the efficiency by reducing the power impedance and stabilizing the input current. Select a C1 value according to the impedance of the power supply used. Small Equivalent Series Resistance(ESR) Tantalum or ceramic capacitor with an appropriate value should be suitable The output capacitor is used for smoothing the output voltage and sustaining the output voltage when the switch is on. Select an appropriate capacitor depending on the ripple voltage that increases in case of a higher output voltage or a higher load current. The capacitor value should be 10uF minimum. Small ESR should be used to reduce output ripple voltage. However, the best ESR may depend on L, capacitance, wiring and applications(output load). Therefore, fully evaluate ESR under an actual condition to determine the best value. 4. External transistor (Q1 R1 C2) An enhancement N-channel MOSFET or a bipolar NPN transistor can be used as the external switch transistor. *Bipolar NPN transistor The hFE value of NPN transistor and the R1 value determine the driving capacity to increase the output current using a bipolar transistor. 1KΩ is recommended for R1. R1 is selected from the following calculation. Calculate the necessary base current(Ib) from the bipolar transistor hFE using R1 = Ib = I PK hFE Vout − 0.7 0.4 − Ib | I EXTH | UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 8 of 9 QW-R502-099,A L3380 CMOS IC EXTERNAL COMPONENTS(Cont.) Since the pulse current flows through the transistor, the exact Rb value should be finely tuned by the experiment. Generally, a small Rb value can increase the output current capability, but the efficiency will decrease due to more energy is used to drive the transistor. Moreover, a speed up capacitor, C2, should be connected in parallel with R1 to reduce switching loss and improve efficiency. C2 can be calculated by the equation below: C2 ≤ 1 2π × R1× fOSC × 0.7 It is due to the variation in the characteristics of the transistor used. The calculated value should be used as the initial test value and the optimized value should be obtained by the experiment. *Enhancement MOS FET For enhancement N-channel MOSFET, since enhancement MOSFET is a voltage driven, it is a more efficient switch than a BJT transistor. However, the MOSFET requires a higher voltage to turn on as compared with BJT transistors. An enhancement N-channel MOSFET can be selected by the following guidelines: -Input capacitance less than 700pF. -Low gate threshold voltage. -Low on-resistance. -The allowable maximum current of drain should be larger than peak current of inductor. UTC assumes no responsibility for equipment failures that result from using products at values that exceed, even momentarily, rated values (such as maximum ratings, operating condition ranges, or other parameters) listed in products specifications of any and all UTC products described or contained herein. UTC products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of these products can be reasonably expected to result in personal injury. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. UNISONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD www.unisonic.com.tw 9 of 9 QW-R502-099,A