NSC LP2986AIM-5.0 Micropower, 200 ma ultra low-dropout fixed or adjustable voltage regulator Datasheet

LP2986
Micropower, 200 mA Ultra Low-Dropout Fixed or
Adjustable Voltage Regulator
General Description
Features
The LP2986 is a 200 mA precision LDO voltage regulator
which offers the designer a higher performance version of
the industry standard LP2951.
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Using an optimized VIP™ (Vertically Integrated PNP) process, the LP2986 delivers superior performance:
Dropout Voltage: Typically 180 mV @ 200 mA load, and 1
mV @ 1 mA load.
Ground Pin Current: Typically 1 mA @ 200 mA load, and
200 µA @ 10 mA load.
Sleep Mode: The LP2986 draws less than 1 µA quiescent
current when shutdown pin is pulled low.
Error Flag: The built-in error flag goes low when the output
drops approximately 5% below nominal.
Precision Output: The standard product versions available
can be pin-strapped (using the internal resistive divider) to
provide output voltages of 5.0V, 3.3V, or 3.0V with guaranteed accuracy of 0.5% (“A” grade) and 1% (standard grade)
at room temperature.
Ultra low dropout voltage
Guaranteed 200 mA output current
SO-8 and mini-SO8 surface mount packages
< 1 µA quiescent current when shutdown
Low ground pin current at all loads
0.5% output voltage accuracy (“A” grade)
High peak current capability (400 mA typical)
Wide supply voltage range (16V max)
Overtemperature/overcurrent protection
−40˚C to +125˚C junction temperature range
Applications
n Cellular Phone
n Palmtop/Laptop Computer
n Camcorder, Personal Stereo, Camera
Block Diagram
DS012935-1
VIP™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS012935
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LP2986 Micropower, 200 mA Ultra Low-Dropout Fixed or Adjustable Voltage Regulator
March 1999
Connection Diagram and Ordering Information
Surface Mount Packages:
Mini SO-8 Package Type MM: See NS Package Drawing Number MUA08A
SO-8 Package Type M: See NS Package Drawing Number M08A
DS012935-2
Top View
For ordering information, refer to Table 1 of this document.
Basic Application Circuits
Application Using Internal Resistive Divider
DS012935-3
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Basic Application Circuits
(Continued)
Application Using External Divider
DS012935-4
Ordering Information
TABLE 1. Package Marking and Ordering Information
Output Voltage
Grade
Order Information
Package Marking
Supplied as:
5
A
LP2986AIMMX-5.0
L41A
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
5
A
LP2986AIMM-5.0
L41A
250 Units on Tape and Reel
5
STD
LP2986IMMX-5.0
L41B
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
5
STD
LP2986IMM-5.0
L41B
250 Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
A
LP2986AIMMX-3.3
L40A
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
A
LP2986AIMM-3.3
L40A
250 Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
STD
LP2986IMMX-3.3
L40B
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
STD
LP2986IMM-3.3
L40B
250 Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
A
LP2986AIMMX-3.0
L39A
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
A
LP2986AIMM-3.0
L39A
250 Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
STD
LP2986IMMX-3.0
L39B
3.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
STD
LP2986IMM-3.0
L39B
250 Units on Tape and Reel
5
A
LP2986AIMX-5.0
2986AIM5.0
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
5
A
LP2986AIM-5.0
2986AIM5.0
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
5
STD
LP2986IMX-5.0
2986IM5.0
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
5
STD
LP2986IM-5.0
2986IM5.0
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
3.3
A
LP2986AIMX-3.3
2986AIM3.3
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
A
LP2986AIM-3.3
2986AIM3.3
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
3.3
STD
LP2986IMX-3.3
2986IM3.3
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.3
STD
LP2986IM-3.3
2986IM3.3
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
3.0
A
LP2986AIMX-3.0
2986AIM3.0
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
A
LP2986AIM-3.0
2986AIM3.0
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
3.0
STD
LP2986IMX-3.0
2986IM3.0
2.5k Units on Tape and Reel
3.0
STD
LP2986IM-3.0
2986IM3.0
Shipped in Anti-Static Rails
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Input Supply Voltage
(Operating)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
−0.3V to +16V
Feedback Pin
−0.3V to +5V
Storage Temperature Range
−65˚C to +150˚C
Operating Junction
Temperature Range
Output Voltage
(Survival) (Note 4)
−40˚C to +125˚C
IOUT (Survival)
Lead Temperature
(Soldering, 5 seconds)
−0.3V to +16V
Short Circuit Protected
Input-Output Voltage
(Survival) (Note 5)
260˚C
ESD Rating (Note 2)
2.1V to +16V
Shutdown Pin
−0.3V to +16V
2 kV
Power Dissipation (Note 3)
Internally Limited
Input Supply Voltage
(Survival)
−0.3V to +16V
Electrical Characteristics
Limits in standard typeface are for T J = 25˚C, and limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 2.2 µF, VS/D = 2V.
Symbol
VO
Parameter
Output Voltage
(5.0V Versions)
Output Voltage
(3.3V Versions)
Output Voltage
(3.0V Versions)
VIN–VO
Conditions
Typical
5.0
0.1 mA < IL < 200 mA
3.3
0.1 mA < IL < 200 mA
Output Voltage Line
Regulation
VO(NOM) + 1V ≤ VIN ≤
16V
Dropout Voltage
(Note 7)
IL = 100 µA
3.0
LM2986I-X.X
(Note 6)
Min
Min
5.025
4.950
5.050
5.040
4.920
5.080
4.910
5.090
4.860
5.140
3.283
3.317
3.267
3.333
3.274
3.326
3.247
3.353
3.241
3.359
3.208
3.392
2.985
3.015
2.970
3.030
2.976
3.024
2.952
3.048
3.054
2.916
3.084
2.946
0.007
180
100
IL = 75 mA
500
IL = 200 mA
1
Units
Max
4.975
90
IL = 100 µA
Max
4.960
1
IL = 200 mA
Ground Pin Current
3.3
3.0
0.1 mA < IL < 200 mA
IL = 75 mA
IGND
5.0
LM2986AI-X.X
(Note 6)
0.014
0.014
0.032
0.032
2.0
2.0
3.5
3.5
120
120
170
170
230
230
350
350
120
120
150
150
800
800
1400
1400
2.1
2.1
3.7
3.7
V
%/V
mV
µA
mA
VS/D < 0.3V
0.05
IO(PK)
Peak Output Current
VOUT ≥ VO(NOM) − 5%
400
IO(MAX)
Short Circuit Current
RL = 0 (Steady State)
(Note 11)
400
en
Output Noise Voltage
(RMS)
BW = 300 Hz to 50
kHz, COUT = 10 µF
160
µV(RMS)
Ripple Rejection
f = 1 kHz, COUT = 10 µF
65
dB
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1.5
250
1.5
µA
250
mA
Electrical Characteristics
(Continued)
Limits in standard typeface are for T J = 25˚C, and limits in boldface type apply over the full operating temperature range. Unless otherwise specified: VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA, COUT = 4.7 µF, CIN = 2.2 µF, VS/D = 2V.
Symbol
Parameter
Output Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
Conditions
Typical
(Note 9)
LM2986AI-X.X
(Note 6)
LM2986I-X.X
(Note 6)
Min
Min
Max
Units
Max
20
ppm/˚C
FEEDBACK PIN
VFB
Feedback Pin Voltage
1.23
(Note 10)
IFB
FB Pin Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 9)
Feedback Pin Bias
Current
IL = 200 mA
FB Pin Bias Current
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 9)
1.23
1.21
1.25
1.20
1.26
1.20
1.26
1.19
1.27
1.19
1.28
1.18
1.29
20
V
ppm/˚C
150
330
330
760
760
0.1
nA
nA/˚C
SHUTDOWN INPUT
VS/D
IS/D
S/D Input Voltage
(Note 8)
S/D Input Current
VH = O/P ON
1.4
VL = O/P OFF
0.55
1.6
0.18
1.6
0.18
VS/D = 0
0
−1
−1
VS/D = 5V
5
15
15
1
1
2
2
220
220
350
350
V
µA
ERROR COMPARATOR
IOH
VOL
Output “HIGH” Leakage
Output “LOW” Voltage
VOH = 16V
0.01
VIN = VO(NOM) − 0.5V,
IO(COMP) = 300 µA
150
VTHR
(MAX)
Upper Threshold
Voltage
−4.6
VTHR
(MIN)
Lower Threshold
Voltage
−6.6
HYST
Hysteresis
2.0
µA
−5.5
−3.5
−5.5
−3.5
−7.7
−2.5
−7.7
−2.5
−8.9
−4.9
−8.9
−4.9
−13.0
−3.3
−13.0
−3.3
mV
%VOUT
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device outside of its rated operating conditions.
Note 2: The ESD rating of the Feedback pin is 500V and the Tap pin is 1.5 kV.
Note 3: The maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature, TJ(MAX), the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, θJ−A,
and the ambient temperature, TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated using:
The value of θJ−A for the SO-8 (M) package is 160˚C/W, and the mini SO-8 (MM) package is 200˚C/W. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause
excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown.
Note 4: If used in a dual-supply system where the regulator load is returned to a negative supply, the LM2986 output must be diode-clamped to ground.
Note 5: The output PNP structure contains a diode between the V IN and VOUT terminals that is normally reverse-biased. Forcing the output above the input will turn
on this diode and may induce a latch-up mode which can damage the part (see Application Hints).
Note 6: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control
(SQC) methods. The limits are used to calculate National’s Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Note 7: Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 100 mV below the value measured with a 1V differential.
Note 8: To prevent mis-operation, the Shutdown input must be driven by a signal that swings above VH and below VL with a slew rate not less than 40 mV/µs (see
Application Hints).
Note 9: Temperature coefficient is defined as the maximum (worst-case) change divided by the total temperature range.
Note 10: VFB ≤ VOUT ≤ (VIN − 1), 2.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V, 100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 200 mA, TJ ≤ 125˚C.
Note 11: See Typical Performance Characteristics curves.
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF,
CIN = 2.2 µF, S/D is tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA.
VOUT vs Temperature
Dropout Voltage vs Temperature
DS012935-8
DS012935-9
Dropout Characteristics
Dropout Voltage vs Load Current
DS012935-10
Ground Pin Current vs Temperature and Load
DS012935-13
Ground Pin Current vs Load Current
DS012935-12
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DS012935-11
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF,
CIN = 2.2 µF, S/D is tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA. (Continued)
Input Current vs VIN
Input Current vs VIN
DS012935-15
DS012935-14
Load Transient Response
Load Transient Response
DS012935-17
DS012935-16
Line Transient Response
Line Transient Response
DS012935-20
DS012935-18
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF,
CIN = 2.2 µF, S/D is tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA. (Continued)
Turn-Off Waveform
Turn-On Waveform
DS012935-23
DS012935-21
Short Circuit Current
Short Circuit Current
DS012935-24
Short Circuit Current vs Output Voltage
DS012935-25
Instantaneous Short Circuit Current vs Temperature
DS012935-27
DS012935-26
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF,
CIN = 2.2 µF, S/D is tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA. (Continued)
Feedback Bias Current vs Load
DC Load Regulation
DS012935-29
DS012935-28
Shutdown Pin Current vs Shutdown Pin Voltage
Feedback Bias Current vs Temperature
DS012935-31
DS012935-30
Input to Output Leakage vs Temperature
Shutdown Voltage vs Temperature
DS012935-37
DS012935-32
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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified: TA = 25˚C, COUT = 4.7 µF,
CIN = 2.2 µF, S/D is tied to VIN, VIN = VO(NOM) + 1V, IL = 1 mA. (Continued)
Output Impedance vs Frequency
Output Noise Density
DS012935-35
DS012935-34
Ripple Rejection
Output Impedance vs Frequency
DS012935-36
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DS012935-33
10
when selecting an output capacitor so that the minimum required amount of output capacitance is provided over the full
operating temperature range. A good Tantalum capacitor will
show very little variation with temperature, but a ceramic
may not be as good (see next section).
Application Hints
EXTERNAL CAPACITORS
Like any low-dropout regulator, external capacitors are required to assure stability. These capacitors must be correctly
selected for proper performance.
INPUT CAPACITOR: An input capacitor (≥ 2.2 µF) is required between the LP2986 input and ground (amount of capacitance may be increased without limit).
CAPACITOR CHARACTERISTICS
TANTALUM: The best choice for size, cost, and performance are solid tantalum capacitors. Available from many
sources, their typical ESR is very close to the ideal value required on the output of many LDO regulators.
Tantalums also have good temperature stability: a 4.7 µF
was tested and showed only a 10% decline in capacitance
as the temperature was decreased from +125˚C to −40˚C.
The ESR increased only about 2:1 over the same range of
temperature.
However, it should be noted that the increasing ESR at lower
temperatures present in all tantalums can cause oscillations
when marginal quality capacitors are used (where the ESR
of the capacitor is near the upper limit of the stability range at
room temperature).
This capacitor must be located a distance of not more than
0.5” from the input pin and returned to a clean analog
ground. Any good quality ceramic or tantalum may be used
for this capacitor.
OUTPUT CAPACITOR: The output capacitor must meet the
requirement for minimum amount of capacitance and also
have an appropriate E.S.R. (equivalent series resistance)
value.
Curves are provided which show the allowable ESR range
as a function of load current for various output voltages and
capacitor values (see ESR curves below).
CERAMIC: For a given amount of a capacitance, ceramics
are usually larger and more costly than tantalums.
Be warned that the ESR of a ceramic capacitor can be low
enough to cause instability: a 2.2 µF ceramic was measured
and found to have an ESR of about 15 mΩ.
ESR Curves For 5V Output
If a ceramic capacitor is to be used on the LP2986 output, a
1Ω resistor should be placed in series with the capacitor to
provide a minimum ESR for the regulator.
Another disadvantage of ceramic capacitors is that their capacitance varies a lot with temperature:
Large ceramic capacitors are typically manufactured with the
Z5U temperature characteristic, which results in the capacitance dropping by a 50% as the temperature goes from 25˚C
to 80˚C.
This means you have to buy a capacitor with twice the minimum COUT to assure stable operation up to 80˚C.
ALUMINUM: The large physical size of aluminum electrolytics makes them unattractive for use with the LP2986. Their
ESR characteristics are also not well suited to the requirements of LDO regulators.
The ESR of an aluminum electrolytic is higher than a tantalum, and it also varies greatly with temperature.
A typical aluminum electrolytic can exhibit an ESR increase
of 50X when going from 20˚C to −40˚C. Also, some aluminum electrolytics can not be used below −25˚C because the
electrolyte will freeze.
DS012935-6
ESR Curves For 2.5V Output
USING AN EXTERNAL RESISTIVE DIVIDER
The LP2986 output voltage can be programmed using an external resistive divider (see Basic Application Circuits).
The resistor connected between the Feedback pin and
ground should be 51.1k. The value for the other resistor (R1)
connected between the Feedback pin and the regulated output is found using the formula:
VOUT = 1.23 x (1 + R1/51.1k)
DS012935-7
IMPORTANT: The output capacitor must maintain its ESR in
the stable region over the full operating temperature range of
the application to assure stability.
The minimum required amount of output capacitance is
4.7 µF. Output capacitor size can be increased without limit.
It is important to remember that capacitor tolerance and
variation with temperature must be taken into consideration
It should be noted that the 25 µA of current flowing through
the external divider is approximately equal to the current
saved by not connecting the internal divider, which means
the quiescent current is not increased by using external resistors.
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Application Hints
It is also important that the turn-on (and turn-off) voltage signals applied to the Shutdown input have a slew rate which is
not less than 40 mV/µs.
(Continued)
A lead compensation capacitor (CF) must also be used to
place a zero in the loop response at about 50 kHz. The value
for C F can be found using:
CAUTION: the regulator output state can not be guaranteed
if a slow-moving AC (or DC) signal is applied that is in the
range between VH and VL.
CF = 1/(2π x R1 x 50k)
A good quality capacitor must be used for CF to ensure that
the value is accurate and does not change significantly over
temperature. Mica or ceramic capacitors can be used, assuming a tolerance of ± 20% or better is selected.
If a ceramic is used, select one with a temperature coefficient of NPO, COG, Y5P, or X7R. Capacitor types Z5U, Y5V,
and Z4V can not be used because their value varies more
that 50% over the −25˚C to +85˚C temperature range.
REVERSE INPUT-OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The PNP power transistor used as the pass element in the
LP2986 has an inherent diode connected between the regulator output and input.
During normal operation (where the input voltage is higher
than the output) this diode is reverse-biased.
However, if the output is pulled above the input, this diode
will turn ON and current will flow into the regulator output.
SHUTDOWN INPUT OPERATION
In such cases, a parasitic SCR can latch which will allow a
high current to flow into VIN (and out the ground pin), which
can damage the part.
The LP2986 is shut off by driving the Shutdown input low,
and turned on by pulling it high. If this feature is not to be
used, the Shutdown input should be tied to VIN to keep the
regulator output on at all times.
To assure proper operation, the signal source used to drive
the Shutdown input must be able to swing above and below
the specified turn-on/turn-off voltage thresholds listed as VH
and VL, respectively (see Electrical Characteristics).
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In any application where the output may be pulled above the
input, an external Schottky diode must be connected from
VIN to VOUT (cathode on VIN, anode on VOUT), to limit the reverse voltage across the LP2986 to 0.3V (see Absolute
Maximum Ratings).
12
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
8-Lead Mini-Small Outline Molded Package, JEDEC
NS Package Number MUA08A
13
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LP2986 Micropower, 200 mA Ultra Low-Dropout Fixed or Adjustable Voltage Regulator
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
8-Lead (0.150” Wide) Molded Small Outline Package, JEDEC
NS Package Number M08A
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