FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM High relative accuracy (INL): ±2 LSB maximum @ 16 bits Low drift 2.5 V reference: 2 ppm/°C typical Tiny package: 3 mm × 3 mm, 16-lead LFCSP VDD GND VREF AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R VLOGIC INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER 2.5V REFERENCE STRING DAC A SCL VOUTA BUFFER INTERFACE LOGIC Total unadjusted error (TUE): ±0.1% of FSR maximum Offset error: ±1.5 mV maximum Gain error: ±0.1% of FSR maximum High drive capability: 20 mA, 0.5 V from supply rails User selectable gain of 1 or 2 (GAIN pin) Reset to zero scale or midscale (RSTSEL pin) 1.8 V logic compatibility Low glitch: 0.5 nV-sec 400 kHz I2C-compatible serial interface Robust 3.5 kV HBM and 1.5 kV FICDM ESD rating Low power: 3.3 mW at 3 V 2.7 V to 5.5 V power supply −40°C to +105°C temperature range SDA A1 A0 INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC B VOUTB BUFFER INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC C VOUTC BUFFER INPUT REGISTER DAC REGISTER STRING DAC D VOUTD BUFFER LDAC RESET POWER-ON RESET GAIN = ×1/×2 RSTSEL GAIN POWERDOWN LOGIC 10486-001 Data Sheet Quad 16-/14-/12-Bit nanoDAC+ with 2 ppm/°C Reference, I2C Interface AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Figure 1. APPLICATIONS Optical transceivers Base-station power amplifiers Process control (PLC I/O cards) Industrial automation Data acquisition systems GENERAL DESCRIPTION Table 1. Quad nanoDAC+ Devices The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R family, are low power, quad, 16-/14-/12-bit buffered voltage output DACs. The devices include a 2.5 V, 2 ppm/°C internal reference (enabled by default) and a gain select pin giving a full-scale output of 2.5 V (gain = 1) or 5 V (gain = 2). All devices operate from a single 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply, are guaranteed monotonic by design, and exhibit less than 0.1% FSR gain error and 1.5 mV offset error performance. The devices are available in a 3 mm × 3 mm LFCSP and a TSSOP package. Interface SPI I2 C The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R also incorporate a poweron reset circuit and a RSTSEL pin that ensures that the DAC outputs power up to zero scale or midscale and remain there until a valid write takes place. Each part contains a per-channel power-down feature that reduces the current consumption of the device to 4 µA at 3 V while in power-down mode. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R use a versatile 2-wire serial interface that operates at clock rates up to 400 kHz, and includes a VLOGIC pin intended for 1.8 V/3 V/5 V logic. Reference Internal Internal 16-Bit AD5686R AD5696R 14-Bit AD5685R AD5695R 12-Bit AD5684R AD5694R PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1. 2. 3. High Relative Accuracy (INL). AD5696R (16-bit): ±2 LSB maximum AD5695R (14-bit): ±1 LSB maximum AD5694R (12-bit): ±1 LSB maximum Low Drift 2.5 V On-Chip Reference. 2 ppm/°C typical temperature coefficient 5 ppm/°C maximum temperature coefficient Two Package Options. 3 mm × 3 mm, 16-lead LFCSP 16-lead TSSOP Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2012 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Serial Operation ......................................................................... 21 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Write Operation.......................................................................... 21 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Read Operation........................................................................... 22 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Multiple DAC Readback Sequence .......................................... 22 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 Power-Down Operation ............................................................ 23 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Load DAC (Hardware LDAC Pin) ........................................... 24 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 LDAC Mask Register ................................................................. 24 AC Characteristics........................................................................ 5 Hardware Reset (RESET) .......................................................... 25 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 6 Reset Select Pin (RSTSEL) ........................................................ 25 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 7 Internal Reference Setup ........................................................... 25 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 7 Solder Heat Reflow..................................................................... 25 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 8 Long-Term Temperature Drift ................................................. 25 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 9 Thermal Hysteresis .................................................................... 26 Terminology .................................................................................... 16 Applications Information .............................................................. 27 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 18 Microprocessor Interfacing ....................................................... 27 Digital-to-Analog Converter .................................................... 18 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R to ADSP-BF531 Interface.. 27 Transfer Function ....................................................................... 18 Layout Guidelines....................................................................... 27 DAC Architecture ....................................................................... 18 Galvanically Isolated Interface ................................................. 27 Serial Interface ............................................................................ 19 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 28 Write and Update Commands .................................................. 20 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 29 REVISION HISTORY 4/12—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R SPECIFICATIONS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V; 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. RL = 2 kΩ; CL = 200 pF. Table 2. Parameter STATIC PERFORMANCE 2 AD5696R Resolution Relative Accuracy Differential Nonlinearity AD5695R Resolution Relative Accuracy Differential Nonlinearity AD5694R Resolution Relative Accuracy Differential Nonlinearity Zero-Code Error Offset Error Full-Scale Error Min A Grade 1 Typ Max 16 Min B Grade1 Typ Max 16 ±2 ±2 ±8 ±8 ±1 14 ±1 ±1 ±2 ±3 ±1 14 ±0.5 ±4 ±1 12 ±0.5 ±1 ±1 12 Bits LSB Test Conditions/Comments LSB Gain = 2 Gain = 1 Guaranteed monotonic by design Bits LSB LSB Guaranteed monotonic by design ±1 ±1 Bits LSB LSB mV mV % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR µV/°C ±1 ±1 ppm Of FSR/°C 0.15 0.15 mV/V DAC code = midscale; VDD = 5 V ± 10% ±2 ±2 µV ±3 ±2 ±3 ±2 µV/mA µV Due to single channel, full-scale output change Due to load current change Due to powering down (per channel) ±0.12 0.4 +0.1 +0.01 ±2 ±1 4 ±4 ±0.2 0.4 +0.1 +0.01 ±1 ±1 1.5 ±1.5 ±0.1 Gain Error ±0.02 ±0.2 ±0.02 ±0.1 Total Unadjusted Error ±0.01 ±0.25 ±0.01 ±0.1 ±0.12 ±0.25 Offset Error Drift3 Gain Temperature Coefficient3 DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio3 Unit ±0.2 Guaranteed monotonic by design All zeros loaded to DAC register All ones loaded to DAC register External reference; gain = 2; TSSOP Internal reference; gain = 1; TSSOP DC Crosstalk3 OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 3 Output Voltage Range 0 0 Capacitive Load Stability Resistive Load 4 Load Regulation Short-Circuit Current 5 Load Impedance at Rails 6 Power-Up Time VREF 2 × VREF 0 0 80 80 V V nF nF kΩ µV/mA 80 80 µV/mA 40 25 2.5 40 25 2.5 mA Ω µs 2 10 1 VREF 2 × VREF 2 10 1 Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 32 Gain = 1 Gain = 2, see Figure 31 RL = ∞ RL = 1 kΩ 5 V ± 10%, DAC code = midscale; −30 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 30 mA 3 V ± 10%, DAC code = midscale; −20 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 20 mA See Figure 31 Coming out of power-down mode; VDD = 5 V AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Parameter REFERENCE OUTPUT Output Voltage 7 Reference TC 8, 9 Output Impedance3 Min Data Sheet A Grade 1 Typ Max 2.4975 5 0.04 2.5025 20 Min B Grade1 Typ Max 2.4975 2 0.04 2.5025 5 Unit Test Conditions/Comments V ppm/°C Ω At ambient See the Terminology section Output Voltage Noise3 Output Voltage Noise Density3 12 12 240 µV p-p nV/√Hz 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 240 Load Regulation Sourcing3 20 20 µV/mA At ambient Load Regulation Sinking3 Output Current Load Capability3 40 40 At ambient ±5 ±5 µV/mA mA Line Regulation3 3 Long-Term Stability/Drift 3 Thermal Hysteresis LOGIC INPUTS3 Input Current VINL, Input Low Voltage VINH, Input High Voltage Pin Capacitance LOGIC OUTPUTS (SDA)3 Output Low Voltage, VOL Floating State Output Capacitance POWER REQUIREMENTS VLOGIC ILOGIC VDD VDD IDD Normal Mode 10 All Power-Down Modes 11 At ambient; f = 10 kHz, CL = 10 nF VDD ≥ 3 V 100 100 µV/V At ambient 12 12 ppm After 1000 hours at 125°C 125 125 ppm First cycle 25 25 ppm Additional cycles ±2 0.3 × VLOGIC µA V V pF Per pin 0.4 V pF ISINK = 3 mA 5.5 3 5.5 5.5 V µA V V 0.7 1.3 4 mA mA µA Gain = 1 Gain = 2 VIH = VDD, VIL = GND, VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V Internal reference off Internal reference on, at full scale −40°C to +85°C 6 µA −40°C to +105°C ±2 0.3 × VLOGIC 0.7 × VLOGIC 0.7 × VLOGIC 2 2 0.4 4 1.8 4 5.5 3 5.5 5.5 2.7 VREF + 1.5 0.59 1.1 1 0.7 1.3 4 1.8 2.7 VREF + 1.5 0.59 1.1 1 6 Temperature range: A and B grade: −40°C to +105°C. DC specifications tested with the outputs unloaded, unless otherwise noted. Upper dead band = 10 mV and exists only when VREF = VDD with gain = 1 or when VREF/2 = VDD with gain = 2. Linearity calculated using a reduced code range of 256 to 65,280 (AD5696R), 64 to 16,320 (AD5695R), and 12 to 4080 (AD5694R). 3 Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. 4 Channel A and Channel B can have a combined output current of up to 30 mA. Similarly, Channel C and Channel D can have a combined output current of up to 30 mA up to a junction temperature of 110°C. 5 VDD = 5 V. The device includes current limiting that is intended to protect the device during temporary overload conditions. Junction temperature can be exceeded during current limit. Operation above the specified maximum operation junction temperature may impair device reliability. 6 When drawing a load current at either rail, the output voltage headroom with respect to that rail is limited by the 25 Ω typical channel resistance of the output devices. For example, when sinking 1 mA, the minimum output voltage = 25 Ω × 1 mA = 25 mV (see Figure 31). 7 Initial accuracy presolder reflow is ±750 µV; output voltage includes the effects of preconditioning drift. See the Internal Reference Setup section. 8 Reference is trimmed and tested at two temperatures and is characterized from −40°C to +105°C. 9 Reference temperature coefficient calculated as per the box method. See the Terminology section for further information. 10 Interface inactive. All DACs active. DAC outputs unloaded. 11 All DACs powered down. 1 2 Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R AC CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V; RL = 2 kΩ to GND; CL = 200 pF to GND; 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. 1 Table 3. Parameter 2 Output Voltage Settling Time AD5696R AD5695R AD5694R Slew Rate Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Digital Feedthrough Digital Crosstalk Analog Crosstalk DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk Total Harmonic Distortion 4 Output Noise Spectral Density Output Noise SNR SFDR SINAD Min Typ Max Unit Test Conditions/Comments 3 5 5 5 0.8 0.5 0.13 0.1 0.2 0.3 −80 300 6 90 83 80 8 8 7 µs µs µs V/µs nV-sec nV-sec nV-sec nV-sec nV-sec dB nV/√Hz µV p-p dB dB dB ¼ to ¾ scale settling to ±2 LSB ¼ to ¾ scale settling to ±2 LSB ¼ to ¾ scale settling to ±2 LSB Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. See the Terminology section. 3 Temperature range is −40°C to +105°C, typical @ 25°C. 4 Digitally generated sine wave @ 1 kHz. 1 2 Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 32 1 LSB change around major carry At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz DAC code = midscale, 10 kHz; gain = 2 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz At ambient, BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, fOUT = 1 kHz AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet TIMING CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.5 V to 5.5 V; 1.8 V ≤ VLOGIC ≤ 5.5 V; all specifications TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. 1 Table 4. Min 2.5 0.6 1.3 0.6 100 0 0.6 0.6 1.3 0 20 + 0.1CB 4 20 400 Parameter 2 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 3 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 t13 C B4 Max Unit µs µs µs µs ns µs µs µs µs ns ns ns ns pF 0.9 300 300 400 Conditions/Comments SCL cycle time tHIGH, SCL high time tLOW, SCL low time tHD,STA, start/repeated start condition hold time tSU,DAT, data setup time tHD,DAT, data hold time tSU,STA, setup time for repeated start tSU,STO, stop condition setup time tBUF, bus free time between a stop and a start condition tR, rise time of SCL and SDA when receiving tF, fall time of SDA and SCL when transmitting/ receiving LDAC pulse width SCL rising edge to LDAC rising edge Capacitive load for each bus line See Figure 2. Guaranteed by design and characterization; not production tested. A master device must provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal (referred to the VIH min of the SCL signal) to bridge the undefined region of SCL’s falling edge. 4 CB is the total capacitance of one bus line in pF. tR and tF measured between 0.3 VDD and 0.7 VDD. 1 2 3 START CONDITION REPEATED START CONDITION STOP CONDITION SDA t9 t10 t11 t4 t3 SCL t2 t4 t6 t1 t5 t7 t8 t12 t13 LDAC1 t12 LDAC2 10486-002 NOTES 1ASYNCHRONOUS 2SYNCHRONOUS LDAC UPDATE MODE. LDAC UPDATE MODE. Figure 2. 2-Wire Serial Interface Timing Diagram Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 5. Parameter VDD to GND VLOGIC to GND VOUT to GND VREF to GND Digital Input Voltage to GND1 SDA and SCL to GND Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature 16-Lead TSSOP, θJA Thermal Impedance, 0 Airflow (4-Layer Board) 16-Lead LFCSP, θJA Thermal Impedance, 0 Airflow (4-Layer Board) Reflow Soldering Peak Temperature, Pb Free (J-STD-020) ESD2 FICDM 1 2 Rating −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to VLOGIC + 0.3 V −0.3 V to +7 V −40°C to +105°C −65°C to +150°C 125°C 112.6°C/W Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTION 70°C/W 260°C 3.5 kV 1.5 kV Excluding SDA and SCL. Human body model (HBM) classification. Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 32 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS 13 RESET 14 RSTSEL 16 VOUTB 15 VREF AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R VOUTA 1 11 SCL 10 A0 VDD 3 9 VLOGIC 10486-006 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) NOTES 1. THE EXPOSED PAD MUST BE TIED TO GND. 16 RSTSEL VOUTB 2 15 RESET 14 A1 13 SCL GND 4 AD5696R/ AD5695R/ AD5694R VDD 5 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) VOUTA 3 GAIN 8 LDAC 7 SDA 6 VOUTD 5 VOUTC 4 VREF 1 12 A0 VOUTC 6 11 VLOGIC VOUTD 7 10 GAIN 8 9 LDAC SDA Figure 3. 16-Lead LFCSP Pin Configuration 10486-007 12 A1 GND 2 Figure 4. 16-Lead TSSOP Pin Configuration Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions LFCSP 1 2 3 Pin No. TSSOP 3 4 5 Mnemonic VOUTA GND VDD 4 5 6 6 7 8 VOUTC VOUTD SDA 7 9 LDAC 8 10 GAIN 9 10 11 11 12 13 VLOGIC A0 SCL 12 13 14 15 A1 RESET 14 16 RSTSEL 15 1 VREF 16 17 2 N/A VOUTB EPAD Description Analog Output Voltage from DAC A. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Ground Reference Point for All Circuitry on the Part. Power Supply Input. These parts can be operated from 2.7 V to 5.5 V, and the supply should be decoupled with a 10 µF capacitor in parallel with a 0.1 µF capacitor to GND. Analog Output Voltage from DAC C. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Analog Output Voltage from DAC D. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Serial Data Input. This pin is used in conjunction with the SCL line to clock data into or out of the 24-bit input shift register. SDA is a bidirectional, open-drain data line that should be pulled to the supply with an external pull-up resistor. LDAC can be operated in two modes, asynchronously and synchronously. Pulsing this pin low allows any or all DAC registers to be updated if the input registers have new data. This allows all DAC outputs to simultaneously update. This pin can also be tied permanently low. Span Set Pin. When this pin is tied to GND, all four DAC outputs have a span from 0 V to VREF. If this pin is tied to VDD, all four DACs output a span of 0 V to 2 × VREF. Digital Power Supply. Voltage ranges from 1.8 V to 5.5 V. Address Input. Sets the first LSB of the 7-bit slave address. Serial Clock Line. This is used in conjunction with the SDA line to clock data into or out of the 24-bit input register. Address Input. Sets the second LSB of the 7-bit slave address. Asynchronous Reset Input. The RESET input is falling edge sensitive. When RESET is low, all LDAC pulses are ignored. When RESET is activated, the input register and the DAC register are updated with zero scale or midscale, depending on the state of the RSTSEL pin. Power-On Reset Pin. Tying this pin to GND powers up all four DACs to zero scale. Tying this pin to VDD powers up all four DACs to midscale. Reference Voltage. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R have a common reference pin. When using the internal reference, this is the reference output pin. When using an external reference, this is the reference input pin. The default for this pin is as a reference output. Analog Output Voltage from DAC B. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. Exposed Pad. The exposed pad must be tied to GND. Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2.5020 VDD = 5V DEVICE 1 DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 DEVICE 5 2.5015 2.5010 50 2.5005 40 HITS VREF (V) VDD = 5.5V 0 HOUR 168 HOURS 500 HOURS 1000 HOURS 60 2.5000 30 2.4995 20 2.4990 10 2.4985 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 2.498 1600 DEVICE 1 DEVICE 2 DEVICE 3 DEVICE 4 DEVICE 5 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 1200 1000 NSD (nV/ Hz) 2.5000 2.4995 800 600 400 2.4990 200 2.4985 VDD = 5V 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 10 10486-109 –20 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 6. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Temperature (Grade A) 90 100 10486-111 VREF (V) 2.502 1400 2.5005 2.4980 –40 2.501 Figure 8. Reference Long-Term Stability/Drift 2.5020 2.5010 2.500 VREF (V) Figure 5. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Temperature (Grade B) 2.5015 2.499 10486-251 –20 10486-212 2.4980 –40 Figure 9. Internal Reference Noise Spectral Density vs. Frequency VDD = 5V VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 80 T 60 50 1 40 30 20 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 TEMPERATURE DRIFT (ppm/°C) 5.0 CH1 10µV M1.0s A CH1 160mV Figure 10. Internal Reference Noise, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Figure 7. Reference Output Temperature Drift Histogram Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 32 10486-112 10 10486-250 NUMBER OF UNITS 70 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet 2.5000 10 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 8 2.4999 6 4 2.4997 2 INL (LSB) VREF (V) 2.4998 2.4996 0 –2 –4 2.4995 –6 2.4994 –0.003 –0.001 0.001 0.003 –10 10486-113 2.4993 –0.005 0.005 ILOAD (A) 0 2500 7500 10000 12500 15000 16348 3125 3750 4096 CODE Figure 11. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Load Current 2.5002 5000 10486-119 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –8 Figure 14. AD5695R INL 10 TA = 25°C D1 8 2.5000 6 4 D3 INL (LSB) VREF (V) 2.4998 2.4996 2 0 –2 2.4994 –4 –6 D2 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 VDD (V) –10 0 625 0.8 6 0.6 4 0.4 2 0.2 DNL (LSB) 8 0 –2 0 –0.2 –4 –0.4 –6 –0.6 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.8 CODE 60000 10486-118 INL (LSB) 1.0 50000 2500 Figure 15. AD5694R INL 10 40000 1875 CODE Figure 12. Internal Reference Voltage vs. Supply Voltage V = 5V –8 DD TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 0 10000 20000 30000 1250 Figure 13. AD5696R INL –1.0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 CODE Figure 16. AD5696R DNL Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 32 50000 60000 10486-121 3.0 10486-117 2.4990 2.5 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –8 10486-120 2.4992 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R 10 0.8 8 0.6 6 0.4 4 0.2 0 –0.2 2 DNL –2 –0.4 –4 –0.6 –6 V = 5V –0.8 DD TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –1.0 0 2500 5000 7500 –8 10000 12500 15000 16383 CODE INL 0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 0 0.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Figure 20. INL Error and DNL Error vs. VREF 1.0 10 0.8 8 0.6 6 0.4 4 ERROR (LSB) 0.2 0 –0.2 2 INL 0 DNL –2 –4 –0.4 –6 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –1.0 0 625 1250 1875 –8 2500 3125 3750 4096 CODE 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 Figure 21. INL Error and DNL Error vs. Supply Voltage 0.10 8 0.08 6 0.06 4 0.04 ERROR (% of FSR) 10 INL 0 DNL –2 –4 0.02 0 FULL-SCALE ERROR GAIN ERROR –0.02 –0.04 –0.06 –6 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 –40 10 60 110 TEMPERATURE (°C) 10486-124 –8 3.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 18. AD5694R DNL 2 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –10 2.7 10486-123 –0.8 10486-126 –0.6 VDD = 5V –0.08 T = 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 22. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. Temperature Figure 19. INL Error and DNL Error vs. Temperature Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 32 10486-127 DNL (LSB) 1.5 VREF (V) Figure 17. AD5695R DNL ERROR (LSB) 1.0 10486-125 ERROR (LSB) 1.0 10486-122 DNL (LSB) Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet 0.10 1.2 0.8 0.6 ZERO-CODE ERROR 0.2 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 –40 10486-128 OFFSET ERROR 0 –40 0.06 0.08 0.08 TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) 0.10 ERROR (% of FSR) 0.06 0.04 0.02 GAIN ERROR 0 FULL-SCALE ERROR –0.04 4.7 5.2 10486-129 –0.06 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 60 80 100 120 0.04 0.02 0 –0.02 –0.04 –0.06 V = 5V –0.08 T DD= 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Figure 27. TUE vs. Supply, Gain = 1 0 TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) 1.5 1.0 0.5 ZERO-CODE ERROR 0 OFFSET ERROR –0.5 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –1.5 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 10486-130 ERROR (mV) 40 0.06 Figure 24. Gain Error and Full-Scale Error vs. Supply –1.0 20 Figure 26. TUE vs. Temperature 0.10 VDD = 5V –0.08 T = 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 23. Zero-Code Error and Offset Error vs. Temperature –0.02 –20 10486-132 0.4 0.07 –0.01 –0.02 –0.03 –0.04 –0.05 –0.06 –0.07 –0.08 VDD = 5V –0.09 T = 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.10 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 CODE Figure 28. TUE vs. Code Figure 25. Zero-Code Error and Offset Error vs. Supply Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 32 50000 60000 65535 10486-133 ERROR (mV) 1.0 VDD = 5V 0.09 TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 0.08 10486-131 TOTAL UNADJUSTED ERROR (% of FSR) VDD = 5V 1.4 T = 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R 7 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C EXTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 25 VDD = 5V 6 TA = 25°C GAIN = 2 INTERNAL 5 REFERENCE = 2.5V 20 0xFFFF 15 VOUT (V) HITS 4 0xC000 3 0x8000 2 0x4000 10 1 0x0000 0 5 560 580 600 620 640 IDD (V) –2 –0.06 10486-135 540 –0.04 –0.02 Figure 29. IDD Histogram with External Reference, 5 V 0.02 0.04 0.06 Figure 32. Source and Sink Capability at 5 V 5 VDD = 5V 30 T = 25°C A INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 25 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 4 EXTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V GAIN = 1 0xFFFF 3 0xC000 VOUT (V) 20 HITS 0 LOAD CURRENT (A) 10486-138 –1 0 15 2 0x8000 1 0x4000 10 0 5 0x0000 1000 1020 1040 1060 1080 1100 1120 1140 IDD FULLSCALE (V) –2 –0.06 10486-136 0 –0.04 –0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 LOAD CURRENT (A) 10486-139 –1 Figure 33. Source and Sink Capability at 3 V Figure 30. IDD Histogram with Internal Reference, VREFOUT = 2.5 V, Gain = 2 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.4 CURRENT (mA) SINKING 5V 0 –0.2 1.0 ZERO CODE 0.8 EXTERNAL REFERENCE, FULL-SCALE 0.6 SOURCING 5V –0.4 0.4 –0.6 SOURCING 2.7V –1.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 LOAD CURRENT (mA) 30 0 –40 10 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 34. Supply Current vs. Temperature Figure 31. Headroom/Footroom vs. Load Current Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 32 110 10486-140 0.2 –0.8 10486-200 ΔVOUT (V) SINKING 2.7V 0.2 FULL-SCALE AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet 2.5008 4.0 3.5 DAC A DAC B DAC C DAC D 2.5003 3.0 VOUT (V) VOUT (V) 2.5 2.0 2.4998 1.5 80 160 2.4988 10486-141 VDD = 5V 0.5 TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V ¼ TO ¾ SCALE 0 10 20 40 320 TIME (µs) 0 6 8 10 12 Figure 38. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse 0.06 6 CH A CH B CH C CH D VDD 0.003 CH B CH C CH D 5 0.03 3 0.02 2 0.01 1 0 0 VDD (V) 4 VOUT AC-COUPLED (V) 0.002 0.04 0.001 0 –0.001 –1 15 10 TIME (µs) –0.002 0 5 10 15 20 10486-145 5 10486-142 TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V –0.01 –10 –5 0 25 TIME (µs) Figure 36. Power-On Reset to 0 V Figure 39. Analog Crosstalk, Channel A 3 CH A CH B CH C CH D SYNC T GAIN = 2 2 VOUT (V) GAIN = 1 1 0 –5 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 0 5 TIME (µs) 10 Figure 37. Exiting Power-Down to Midscale VDD = 5V TA = 25°C EXTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V CH1 10µV M1.0s A CH1 802mV Figure 40. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Output Noise Plot, External Reference Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 32 10486-146 1 10486-143 VOUT (V) 4 TIME (µs) Figure 35. Settling Time, 5.25 V 0.05 2 10486-144 CHANNEL B TA = 25°C VDD = 5.25V INTERNAL REFERENCE CODE = 7FFF TO 8000 ENERGY = 0.227206nV-sec 2.4993 1.0 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R 4.0 0nF 0.1nF 10nF 0.22nF 4.7nF 3.9 T 3.8 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V VOUT (V) 3.7 1 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 M1.0s A CH1 10486-147 CH1 10µV 3.0 1.590 802mV 1.595 1.600 1.605 1.610 1.615 1.620 1.625 1.630 TIME (ms) 10486-150 3.1 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V Figure 44. Settling Time vs. Capacitive Load Figure 41. 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz Output Noise Plot, 2.5 V Internal Reference 0 1600 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C 1400 INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V FULL-SCALE MIDSCALE ZERO-SCALE –10 BANDWIDTH (dB) NSD (nV/ Hz) 1200 1000 800 600 –20 –30 –40 400 100 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10486-148 0 10 Figure 42. Noise Spectral Density 20 –60 10k –60 –80 –100 –120 –140 –160 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 FREQUENCY (Hz) 10486-149 THD (dBV) –40 0 1M 10M Figure 45. Multiplying Bandwidth, External Reference = 2.5 V, ±0.1 V p-p, 10 kHz to 10 MHz –20 –180 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) VDD = 5V TA = 25°C INTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V 0 VDD = 5V TA = 25°C EXTERNAL REFERENCE = 2.5V, ±0.1V p-p 10486-151 –50 200 Figure 43. Total Harmonic Distortion @ 1 kHz Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 32 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet TERMINOLOGY Relative Accuracy or Integral Nonlinearity (INL) For the DAC, relative accuracy or integral nonlinearity is a measurement of the maximum deviation, in LSBs, from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the DAC transfer function. A typical INL vs. code plot is shown in Figure 13. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Differential nonlinearity is the difference between the measured change and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes. A specified differential nonlinearity of ±1 LSB maximum ensures monotonicity. This DAC is guaranteed monotonic by design. A typical DNL vs. code plot can be seen in Figure 16. Zero-Code Error Zero-code error is a measurement of the output error when zero code (0x0000) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output should be 0 V. The zero-code error is always positive in the AD5696R because the output of the DAC cannot go below 0 V due to a combination of the offset errors in the DAC and the output amplifier. Zero-code error is expressed in mV. A plot of zero-code error vs. temperature can be seen in Figure 23. Full-Scale Error Full-scale error is a measurement of the output error when fullscale code (0xFFFF) is loaded to the DAC register. Ideally, the output should be VDD − 1 LSB. Full-scale error is expressed in percent of full-scale range (% of FSR). A plot of full-scale error vs. temperature can be seen in Figure 22. Gain Error This is a measure of the span error of the DAC. It is the deviation in slope of the DAC transfer characteristic from the ideal expressed as % of FSR. Output Voltage Settling Time This is the amount of time it takes for the output of a DAC to settle to a specified level for a ¼ to ¾ full-scale input change. Digital-to-Analog Glitch Impulse Digital-to-analog glitch impulse is the impulse injected into the analog output when the input code in the DAC register changes state. It is normally specified as the area of the glitch in nV-sec, and is measured when the digital input code is changed by 1 LSB at the major carry transition (0x7FFF to 0x8000) (see Figure 38). Digital Feedthrough Digital feedthrough is a measure of the impulse injected into the analog output of the DAC from the digital inputs of the DAC, but is measured when the DAC output is not updated. It is specified in nV-sec, and measured with a full-scale code change on the data bus, that is, from all 0s to all 1s and vice versa. Reference Feedthrough Reference feedthrough is the ratio of the amplitude of the signal at the DAC output to the reference input when the DAC output is not being updated. It is expressed in dB. Noise Spectral Density This is a measurement of the internally generated random noise. Random noise is characterized as a spectral density (nV/√Hz). It is measured by loading the DAC to midscale and measuring noise at the output. It is measured in nV/√Hz. A plot of noise spectral density is shown in Figure 42. Offset Error Drift This is a measurement of the change in offset error with a change in temperature. It is expressed in µV/°C. DC Crosstalk DC crosstalk is the dc change in the output level of one DAC in response to a change in the output of another DAC. It is measured with a full-scale output change on one DAC (or soft power-down and power-up) while monitoring another DAC kept at midscale. It is expressed in μV. Gain Temperature Coefficient This is a measurement of the change in gain error with changes in temperature. It is expressed in ppm of FSR/°C. DC crosstalk due to load current change is a measure of the impact that a change in load current on one DAC has to another DAC kept at midscale. It is expressed in μV/mA. Offset Error Offset error is a measure of the difference between VOUT (actual) and VOUT (ideal) expressed in mV in the linear region of the transfer function. Offset error is measured on the AD5696R with Code 512 loaded in the DAC register. It can be negative or positive. Digital Crosstalk This is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC at midscale in response to a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa) in the input register of another DAC. It is measured in standalone mode and is expressed in nV-sec. DC Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) This indicates how the output of the DAC is affected by changes in the supply voltage. PSRR is the ratio of the change in VOUT to a change in VDD for full-scale output of the DAC. It is measured in mV/V. VREF is held at 2 V, and VDD is varied by ±10%. Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Analog Crosstalk This is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC due to a change in the output of another DAC. It is measured by loading one of the input registers with a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa). Then execute a software LDAC and monitor the output of the DAC whose digital code was not changed. The area of the glitch is expressed in nV-sec. DAC-to-DAC Crosstalk This is the glitch impulse transferred to the output of one DAC due to a digital code change and subsequent analog output change of another DAC. It is measured by loading the attack channel with a full-scale code change (all 0s to all 1s and vice versa), using the write to and update commands while monitoring the output of the victim channel that is at midscale. The energy of the glitch is expressed in nV-sec. Multiplying Bandwidth The amplifiers within the DAC have a finite bandwidth. The multiplying bandwidth is a measure of this. A sine wave on the reference (with full-scale code loaded to the DAC) appears on the output. The multiplying bandwidth is the frequency at which the output amplitude falls to 3 dB below the input. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) This is the difference between an ideal sine wave and its attenuated version using the DAC. The sine wave is used as the reference for the DAC, and the THD is a measurement of the harmonics present on the DAC output. It is measured in dB. Voltage Reference TC Voltage reference TC is a measure of the change in the reference output voltage with a change in temperature. The reference TC is calculated using the box method, which defines the TC as the maximum change in the reference output over a given temperature range expressed in ppm/°C as follows; VREFmax − VREFmin 6 TC = × 10 V TempRange × REFnom where: VREFmax is the maximum reference output measured over the total temperature range. VREFmin is the minimum reference output measured over the total temperature range. VREFnom is the nominal reference output voltage, 2.5 V. TempRange is the specified temperature range of −40°C to +105°C. Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 32 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet THEORY OF OPERATION DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R are quad 16-/14-/12-bit, serial input, voltage output DACs with an internal reference. The parts operate from supply voltages of 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Data is written to the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R in a 24-bit word format via a 2-wire serial interface. The AD5696R/AD5695R/ AD5694R incorporate a power-on reset circuit to ensure that the DAC output powers up to a known output state. The devices also have a software power-down mode that reduces the typical current consumption to typically 4 µA. The resistor string structure is shown in Figure 47. It is a string of resistors, each of Value R. The code loaded to the DAC register determines the node on the string where the voltage is to be tapped off and fed into the output amplifier. The voltage is tapped off by closing one of the switches connecting the string to the amplifier. Because it is a string of resistors, it is guaranteed monotonic. VREF R TRANSFER FUNCTION R The internal reference is on by default. To use an external reference, only a nonreference option is available. Because the input coding to the DAC is straight binary, the ideal output voltage when using an external reference is given by R TO OUTPUT AMPLIFIER D VOUT = VREF × Gain N 2 DAC ARCHITECTURE The DAC architecture consists of a string DAC followed by an output amplifier. Figure 46 shows a block diagram of the DAC architecture. VREF REF (+) RESISTOR STRING REF (–) GND VOUTX Figure 47. Resistor String Structure Internal Reference The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R on-chip reference is on at power-up but can be disabled via a write to a control register. See the Internal Reference Setup section for details. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R have a 2.5 V, 2 ppm/°C reference, giving a full-scale output of 2.5 V or 5 V depending on the state of the GAIN pin. The internal reference associated with the device is available at the VREF pin. This buffered reference is capable of driving external loads of up to 10 mA. Output Amplifiers • GAIN (GAIN = 1 OR 2) 10486-052 DAC REGISTER R The output buffer amplifier can generate rail-to-rail voltages on its output, which gives an output range of 0 V to VDD. The actual range depends on the value of VREF, the GAIN pin, offset error, and gain error. The GAIN pin selects the gain of the output. 2.5V REF INPUT REGISTER R 10486-053 where: D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code that is loaded to the DAC register as follows: 0 to 4,095 for the 12-bit device. 0 to 16,383 for the 14-bit device. 0 to 65,535 for the 16-bit device. N is the DAC resolution. Gain is the gain of the output amplifier and is set to 1 by default. This can be set to ×1 or ×2 using the gain select pin. When this pin is tied to GND, all four DAC outputs have a span from 0 V to VREF. If this pin is tied to VDD, all four DACs output a span of 0 V to 2 × VREF. • Figure 46. Single DAC Channel Architecture Block Diagram If this pin is tied to GND, all four outputs have a gain of 1 and the output range is 0 V to VREF. If this pin is tied to VLOGIC, all four outputs have a gain of 2 and the output range is 0 V to 2 × VREF. These amplifiers are capable of driving a load of 1 kΩ in parallel with 2 nF to GND. The slew rate is 0.8 V/µs with a ¼ to ¾ scale settling time of 5 µs. Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Table 7. Command Definitions SERIAL INTERFACE The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R have 2-wire I2Ccompatible serial interfaces (refer to I2C-Bus Specification, Version 2.1, January 2000, available from Philips Semiconductor). See Figure 2 for a timing diagram of a typical write sequence. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R can be connected to an I2C bus as a slave device, under the control of a master device. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R support standard (100 kHz) and fast (400 kHz) data transfer modes. Support is not provided for 10-bit addressing and general call addressing. C3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 … 1 Input Shift Register The input shift register of the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R is 24 bits wide. Data is loaded into the device as a 24-bit word under the control of a serial clock input, SCL. The first eight MSBs make up the command byte. The first four bits are the command bits (C3, C2, C1, C0) that control the mode of operation of the device (see Table 7). The last 4 bits of first byte are the address bits (DAC A, DAC B, DAC C, DAC D) (see Table 8). Command C2 C1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 … 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 … 1 C0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 … 1 Description No operation Write to Input Register n (dependent on LDAC) Update DAC Register n with contents of Input Register n Write to and update DAC Channel n Power down/power up DAC Hardware LDAC mask register Software reset (power-on reset) Internal reference setup register Reserved Reserved Reserved Table 8. Address Commands DAC D 0 0 0 1 0 1 The data-word comprises 16-bit, 14-bit, or 12-bit input code, followed by four, two, or zero don’t care bits for the AD5696R, AD5695R, and AD5694R, respectively (see Figure 48, Figure 49, and Figure 50). These data bits are transferred to the input register on the 24 falling edges of SCL. 1 Address (n) DAC C DAC B 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 DAC A 1 0 0 0 1 1 Selected DAC Channel 1 DAC A DAC B DAC C DAC D DAC A and DAC B1 All DACs Any combination of DAC channels can be selected using the address bits. Commands can be executed on individual DAC channels, combined DAC channels, or on all DACs, depending on the address bits selected. C3 C2 C1 C0 DAC D DAC C DAC B DAC A D11 D10 D9 D8 DAC ADDRESS COMMAND COMMAND BYTE D7 D6 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 X X X X DAC DATA DAC DATA DATA HIGH BYTE DATA LOW BYTE 10486-300 DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 Figure 48. AD5696R Input Shift Register Content C3 C2 C1 C0 COMMAND DAC D DAC C DAC B DAC A D13 D12 D11 DAC ADDRESS COMMAND BYTE D10 D9 D8 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 X X DAC DATA DAC DATA DATA HIGH BYTE DATA LOW BYTE 10486-301 DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 C3 C2 C1 COMMAND C0 DAC D DAC C DAC B DAC A D15 DAC ADDRESS COMMAND BYTE D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 DB1 DB0 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 DAC DATA DAC DATA DATA HIGH BYTE DATA LOW BYTE Figure 50. AD5694R Input Shift Register Content Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 32 10486-302 Figure 49. AD5695R Input Shift Register Content AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet WRITE AND UPDATE COMMANDS Update DAC Register n with Contents of Input Register n Write to Input Register n (Dependent on LDAC) Command 0010 loads the DAC registers/outputs with the contents of the input registers selected and updates the DAC outputs directly. Command 0001 allows the user to write to each DAC’s dedicated input register individually. When LDAC is low, the input register is transparent (if not controlled by the LDAC mask register). Write to and Update DAC Channel n (Independent of LDAC) Command 0011 allows the user to write to the DAC registers and update the DAC outputs directly. Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R SERIAL OPERATION 2. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R each have a 7-bit slave address. The five MSBs are 00011 and the two LSBs (A1, A0) are set by the state of the A0 and A1 address pins. The ability to make hardwired changes to A0 and A1 allows the user to incorporate up to four of these devices on one bus, as outlined in Table 9. 3. Table 9. Device Address Selection A0 Pin Connection GND VLOGIC GND A1 Pin Connection GND GND VLOGIC A0 0 1 0 A1 0 0 1 VLOGIC VLOGIC 1 1 WRITE OPERATION The 2-wire serial bus protocol operates as follows: When writing to the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R, the user must begin with a start command followed by an address byte (R/W = 0), after which the DAC acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling SDA low. The AD5696R/ AD5695R/AD5694R require two bytes of data for the DAC and a command byte that controls various DAC functions. Three bytes of data must, therefore, be written to the DAC with the command byte followed by the most significant data byte and the least significant data byte, as shown in Figure 51. All these data bytes are acknowledged by the AD5696R/AD5695R/ AD5694R. A stop condition follows. The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start condition when a high-to-low transition on the SDA line occurs while SCL is high. The following byte is the address byte, which consists of the 7-bit slave address. The slave address corresponding to the transmitted address responds by pulling SDA low during the 9th clock pulse (this is termed the acknowledge bit). At this stage, all other devices on the bus remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be written to, or read from, its shift register. 1 9 1 9 SCL 0 SDA 0 0 1 1 A1 A0 DB23 R/W DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 ACK. BY AD56x6 START BY MASTER ACK. BY AD56x6 FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS FRAME 2 COMMAND BYTE 1 9 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) SDA (CONTINUED) DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 FRAME 3 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE DB9 DB8 DB7 DB6 ACK. BY AD56x6 Figure 51. I2C Write Operation Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 32 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 FRAME 4 LEAST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE DB1 DB0 ACK. BY STOP BY AD56x6 MASTER 10486-303 1. Data is transmitted over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses (eight data bits followed by an acknowledge bit). The transitions on the SDA line must occur during the low period of SCL and remain stable during the high period of SCL. When all data bits have been read or written, a stop condition is established. In write mode, the master pulls the SDA line high during the 10th clock pulse to establish a stop condition. In read mode, the master issues a no acknowledge for the 9th clock pulse (that is, the SDA line remains high). The master then brings the SDA line low before the 10th clock pulse, and then high during the 10th clock pulse to establish a stop condition. AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet READ OPERATION MULTIPLE DAC READBACK SEQUENCE When reading data back from the AD5696R DACs, the user begins with an address byte (R/W = 0), after which the DAC acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling SDA low. This address byte must be followed by the control byte that determines both the read command that is to follow and the pointer address to read from, which is also acknowledged by the DAC. The user configures which channel to read back and sets the readback command to active using the control byte. Following this, there is a repeated start condition by the master and the address is resent with R/W = 1. This is acknowledged by the DAC, indicating that it is prepared to transmit data. Two bytes of data are then read from the DAC, as shown in Figure 52. A NACK condition from the master, followed by a STOP condition, completes the read sequence. Default readback is Channel A if more than one DAC is selected. The user begins with an address byte (R/W = 0), after which the DAC acknowledges that it is prepared to receive data by pulling SDA low. This address byte must be followed by the control byte, which is also acknowledged by the DAC. The user configures which channel to start the readback using the control byte. Following this, there is a repeated start condition by the master and the address is resent with R/W = 1. This is acknowledged by the DAC, indicating that it is prepared to transmit data. The first two bytes of data are then read from the DAC Input Register n selected using the control byte, most significant byte first as shown in Figure 52. The next two bytes read back are the contents of DAC Input Register n + 1, the next bytes read back are the contents of DAC Input Register n + 2. Data continues to be read from the DAC input registers in this auto-incremental fashion, until a NACK followed by a stop condition follows. If the contents of DAC Input Register D are read out, the next two bytes of data that are read are from the contents of DAC Input Register A. 1 9 1 9 SCL 0 SDA 0 0 1 1 A1 A0 R/W DB23 DB22 DB21 DB20 DB19 DB18 DB17 DB16 ACK. BY AD5696R START BY MASTER ACK. BY AD5696R FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS FRAME 2 COMMAND BYTE 1 9 1 9 SCL 0 SDA 0 0 REPEATED START BY MASTER 1 1 A1 A0 R/W DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 DB11 DB10 ACK. BY AD5696R FRAME 3 SLAVE ADDRESS 1 DB9 DB8 ACK. BY AD5696R FRAME 4 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE n 9 1 9 SCL (CONTINUED) DB7 DB6 DB5 DB4 DB3 DB2 FRAME 3 SLAVE ADDRESS SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE n DB1 DB0 DB15 DB14 DB13 DB12 ACK. BY MASTER Figure 52. I2C Read Operation Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 32 DB11 DB10 FRAME 4 MOST SIGNIFICANT DATA BYTE n – 1 DB9 DB8 NACK. BY AD5696R STOP BY MASTER 10486-304 SDA (CONTINUED) Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R POWER-DOWN OPERATION output stage is also internally switched from the output of the amplifier to a resistor network of known values. This has the advantage that the output impedance of the part is known while the part is in power-down mode. There are three different power-down options. The output is connected internally to GND through either a 1 kΩ or a 100 kΩ resistor, or it is left open-circuited (three-state). The output stage is illustrated in Figure 53. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R contain three separate power-down modes. Command 0100 is designated for the powerdown function (see Table 7). These power-down modes are software-programmable by setting eight bits, Bit DB7 to Bit DB0, in the shift register. There are two bits associated with each DAC channel. Table 10 shows how the state of the two bits corresponds to the mode of operation of the device. Table 10. Modes of Operation PDx1 0 PDx0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 AMPLIFIER DAC VOUTX POWER-DOWN CIRCUITRY RESISTOR NETWORK 10486-058 Operating Mode Normal Operation Power-Down Modes 1 kΩ to GND 100 kΩ to GND Three-State Figure 53. Output Stage During Power-Down Any or all DACs (DAC A to DAC D) can be powered down to the selected mode by setting the corresponding bits. See Table 11 for the contents of the input shift register during the power-down/power-up operation. The bias generator, output amplifier, resistor string, and other associated linear circuitry are shut down when the power-down mode is activated. However, the contents of the DAC register are unaffected when in power-down. The DAC register can be updated while the device is in power-down mode. The time required to exit power-down is typically 4.5 µs for VDD = 5 V. When both Bit PDx1 and Bit PDx0 (where x is the channel selected) in the input shift register are set to 0, the parts work normally with its normal power consumption of 4 mA at 5 V. However, for the three power-down modes, the supply current falls to 4 μA at 5 V. Not only does the supply current fall, but the To reduce the current consumption further, the on-chip reference can be powered off. See the Internal Reference Setup section. Table 11. 24-Bit Input Shift Register Contents of Power-Down/Power-Up Operation 1 DB23 0 DB22 1 DB21 0 DB20 0 Command bits (C3 to C0) 1 DB19 to DB16 X Address bits Don’t care DB15 to DB8 X DB7 PDD1 DB6 PDD0 Power-Down Select DAC D X = don’t care. Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 32 DB5 PDC1 DB4 PDC0 Power-Down Select DAC C DB3 PDB1 DB2 PDB0 Power-Down Select DAC B DB1 PDA1 DB0 (LSB) PDA0 Power-Down Select DAC A AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet LOAD DAC (HARDWARE LDAC PIN) LDAC MASK REGISTER The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R DACs have double buffered interfaces consisting of two banks of registers: input registers and DAC registers. The user can write to any combination of the input registers. Updates to the DAC register are controlled by the LDAC pin. Command 0101 is reserved for this software LDAC function. Address bits are ignored. Writing to the DAC, using Command 0101, loads the 4-bit LDAC register (DB3 to DB0). The default for each channel is 0; that is, the LDAC pin works normally. Setting the bits to 1 forces this DAC channel to ignore transitions on the LDAC pin, regardless of the state of the hardware LDAC pin. This flexibility is useful in applications where the user wishes to select which channels respond to the LDAC pin. OUTPUT AMPLIFIER REFIN 12-/14-/16-BIT DAC LDAC DAC REGISTER VOUT Table 12. LDAC Overwrite Definition Load LDAC Register LDAC Bits (DB3 to DB0) 0 1 SCL SDO INPUT SHIFT REGISTER LDAC Pin LDAC Operation 1 or 0 X1 Determined by the LDAC pin. DAC channels update and override the LDAC pin. DAC channels see LDAC as 1. 10486-059 INPUT REGISTER Figure 54. Simplified Diagram of Input Loading Circuitry for a Single DAC 1 X = don’t care. The LDAC register gives the user extra flexibility and control over the hardware LDAC pin (see Table 12). Setting the LDAC bits (DB0 to DB3) to 0 for a DAC channel means that this channel’s update is controlled by the hardware LDAC pin. Instantaneous DAC Updating (LDAC Held Low) LDAC is held low while data is clocked into the input register using Command 0001. Both the addressed input register and the DAC register are updated on the 24th clock and the output begins to change (see Table 13). Deferred DAC Updating (LDAC is Pulsed Low) LDAC is held high while data is clocked into the input register using Command 0001. All DAC outputs are asynchronously updated by taking LDAC low after the 24th clock. The update now occurs on the falling edge of LDAC. Table 13. Write Commands and LDAC Pin Truth Table1 Commands 0001 Description Write to Input Register n (dependent on LDAC) 0010 Update DAC Register n with contents of Input Register n 0011 Write to and update DAC Channel n Hardware LDAC Pin State VLOGIC GND2 VLOGIC Input Register Contents Data update Data update No change GND No change VLOGIC GND Data update Data update DAC Register Contents No change (no update) Data update Updated with input register contents Updated with input register contents Data update Data update A high to low hardware LDAC pin transition always updates the contents of the contents of the DAC register with the contents of the input register on channels that are not masked (blocked) by the LDAC mask register. 2 When LDAC is permanently tied low, the LDAC mask bits are ignored. 1 Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R HARDWARE RESET (RESET) SOLDER HEAT REFLOW RESET is an active low reset that allows the outputs to be cleared to either zero scale or midscale. The clear code value is user selectable via the RESET select pin. It is necessary to keep RESET low for a minimum amount of time to complete the operation (see Figure 2). When the RESET signal is returned high, the output remains at the cleared value until a new value is programmed. The outputs cannot be updated with a new value while the RESET pin is low. There is also a software executable reset function that resets the DAC to the power-on reset code. Command 0110 is designated for this software reset function (see Table 7). Any events on LDAC or RESET during power-on reset are ignored. As with all IC reference voltage circuits, the reference value experiences a shift induced by the soldering process. Analog Devices, Inc., performs a reliability test called precondition to mimic the effect of soldering a device to a board. The output voltage specification quoted previously includes the effect of this reliability test. Figure 55 shows the effect of solder heat reflow (SHR) as measured through the reliability test (precondition). RESET SELECT PIN (RSTSEL) 60 POSTSOLDER HEAT REFLOW 50 PRESOLDER HEAT REFLOW 30 20 10 0 2.498 2.499 INTERNAL REFERENCE SETUP The on-chip reference is on at power-up by default. To reduce the supply current, this reference can be turned off by setting software programmable bit, DB0, in the control register. Table 14 shows how the state of the bit corresponds to the mode of operation. Command 0111 is reserved for setting up the internal reference (see Figure 6). Table 14 shows how the state of the bits in the input shift register corresponds to the mode of operation of the device during internal reference setup. 2.502 LONG-TERM TEMPERATURE DRIFT Figure 56 shows the change in VREF value after 1000 hours in life test at 150°C. 60 0 HOUR 168 HOURS 500 HOURS 1000 HOURS 50 40 HITS 30 20 10 0 2.498 2.499 2.500 2.501 2.502 VREF (V) Figure 56. Reference Drift Through to 1000 Hours Rev. 0 | Page 25 of 32 10486-061 Action Reference on (default) Reference off 2.501 Figure 55. SHR Reference Voltage Shift Table 14. Reference Setup Register Internal Reference Setup Register (DB0) 0 1 2.500 VREF (V) 10486-060 The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R contain a power-on reset circuit that controls the output voltage during power-up. By connecting the RSTSEL pin low, the output powers up to zero scale. Note that this is outside the linear region of the DAC; by connecting the RSTSEL pin high, VOUT powers up to midscale. The output remains powered up at this level until a valid write sequence is made to the DAC. HITS 40 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet THERMAL HYSTERESIS 9 Thermal hysteresis is the voltage difference induced on the reference voltage by sweeping the temperature from ambient to cold, to hot and then back to ambient. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 –200 –150 –100 –50 0 DISTORTION (ppm) Figure 57. Thermal Hysteresis Table 15. 24-Bit Input Shift Register Contents for Internal Reference Setup Command1 DB23 (MSB) DB22 DB21 DB20 0 1 1 1 Command bits (C3 to C0) 1 DB19 X DB18 DB17 DB16 X X X Address bits (A2 to A0) X = don’t care. Rev. 0 | Page 26 of 32 DB15 to DB1 X Don’t care DB0 (LSB) 1/0 Reference setup register 50 10486-062 HITS Thermal hysteresis data is shown in Figure 57. It is measured by sweeping temperature from ambient to −40°C, then to +105°C, and returning to ambient. The VREF delta is then measured between the two ambient measurements and shown in blue in Figure 57. The same temperature sweep and measurements were immediately repeated and the results are shown in red in Figure 57. FIRST TEMPERATURE SWEEP SUBSEQUENT TEMPERATURE SWEEPS Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R APPLICATIONS INFORMATION MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING Microprocessor interfacing to the AD5696R/AD5695R/ AD5694R is via a serial bus that uses a standard protocol that is compatible with DSP processors and microcontrollers. The communications channel requires a 2-wire interface consisting of a clock signal and a data signal. special considerations to design the motherboard and to mount the package. For enhanced thermal, electrical, and board level performance, solder the exposed paddle on the bottom of the package to the corresponding thermal land paddle on the PCB. Design thermal vias into the PCB land paddle area to further improve heat dissipation. The GND plane on the device can be increased (as shown in Figure 59) to provide a natural heat sinking effect. AD5696R/ AD5695R/ AD5694R The I2C interface of the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R is designed to be easily connected to industry-standard DSPs and microcontrollers. Figure 58 shows the AD5696R/AD5695R/ AD5694R connected to the Analog Devices Blackfin® DSP. The Blackfin has an integrated I2C port that can be connected directly to the I2C pins of the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R. GND PLANE AD5696R/ AD5695R/ AD5694R 10486-166 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R TO ADSP-BF531 INTERFACE BOARD ADSP-BF531 LDAC RESET GALVANICALLY ISOLATED INTERFACE Figure 58. ADSP-BF531 Interface LAYOUT GUIDELINES In any circuit where accuracy is important, careful consideration of the power supply and ground return layout helps to ensure the rated performance. The PCB on which the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R are mounted should be designed so that the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R lie on the analog plane. The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R should have ample supply bypassing of 10 μF in parallel with 0.1 μF on each supply, located as close to the package as possible, ideally right up against the device. The 10 μF capacitors are the tantalum bead type. The 0.1 μF capacitor should have low effective series resistance (ESR) and low effective series inductance (ESI) such as the common ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents due to internal logic switching. In many process control applications, it is necessary to provide an isolation barrier between the controller and the unit being controlled to protect and isolate the controlling circuitry from any hazardous common-mode voltages that may occur. iCoupler® products from Analog Devices provide voltage isolation in excess of 2.5 kV. The serial loading structure of the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R makes the part ideal for isolated interfaces because the number of interface lines is kept to a minimum. Figure 60 shows a 4-channel isolated interface to the AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R using an ADuM1400. For further information, visit http://www.analog.com/icouplers. CONTROLLER SERIAL CLOCK IN SERIAL DATA OUT VOA VIA ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE ENCODE DECODE VOB VIB VOC VIC RESET OUT In systems where there are many devices on one board, it is often useful to provide some heat sinking capability to allow the power to dissipate easily. LOAD DAC OUT The AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R LFCSP models have an exposed paddle beneath the device. Connect this paddle to the GND supply for the part. For optimum performance, use ADuM14001 VOD VID 1 ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. Rev. 0 | Page 27 of 32 Figure 60. Isolated Interface TO SCL TO SDA TO RESET TO LDAC 10486-167 PF9 PF8 Figure 59. Paddle Connection to Board SCL SDA 10486-164 GPIO1 GPIO2 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.10 3.00 SQ 2.90 0.50 BSC 13 PIN 1 INDICATOR 16 1 12 EXPOSED PAD 1.75 1.60 SQ 1.45 9 TOP VIEW 0.80 0.75 0.70 4 5 8 0.50 0.40 0.30 FOR PROPER CONNECTION OF THE EXPOSED PAD, REFER TO THE PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS SECTION OF THIS DATA SHEET. 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM COPLANARITY 0.08 0.20 REF SEATING PLANE 0.25 MIN BOTTOM VIEW 08-16-2010-E PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.30 0.23 0.18 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-WEED-6. Figure 61. 16-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_WQ] 3 mm × 3 mm Body, Very Very Thin Quad (CP-16-22) Dimensions shown in millimeters 5.10 5.00 4.90 16 9 4.50 4.40 4.30 6.40 BSC 1 8 PIN 1 1.20 MAX 0.15 0.05 0.20 0.09 0.65 BSC 0.30 0.19 COPLANARITY 0.10 SEATING PLANE 8° 0° COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-153-AB Figure 62. 16-Lead Thin Shrink Small Outline Package [TSSOP] (RU-16) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. 0 | Page 28 of 32 0.75 0.60 0.45 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 AD5696RACPZ-RL7 AD5696RBCPZ-RL7 AD5696RARUZ AD5696RARUZ-RL7 AD5696RBRUZ AD5696RBRUZ-RL7 AD5695RBCPZ-RL7 AD5695RARUZ AD5695RARUZ-RL7 AD5695RBRUZ AD5695RBRUZ-RL7 AD5694RBCPZ-RL7 AD5694RARUZ AD5694RARUZ-RL7 AD5694RBRUZ AD5694RBRUZ-RL7 EVAL-AD5696RSDZ Resolution 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 16 Bits 14 Bits 14 Bits 14 Bits 14 Bits 14 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits 12 Bits Temperature Range −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C −40°C to +105°C Accuracy ±8 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±8 LSB INL ±8 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±4 LSB INL ±4 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±2 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL ±1 LSB INL Reference Tempco (ppm/°C) ±5 (typ) ±5 (max) ±5 (typ) ±5 (typ) ±5 (max) ±5 (max) ±5 (max) ±5 (typ) ±5 (typ) ±5 (max) ±5 (max) ±5 (max) ±5 (typ) ±5 (typ) ±5 (max) ±5 (max) EVAL-AD5694RSDZ 1 Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. 0 | Page 29 of 32 Package Description 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead LFCSP_WQ 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP 16-Lead TSSOP AD5696R TSSOP Evaluation Board AD5694R TSSOP Evaluation Board Package Option CP-16-22 CP-16-22 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 CP-16-22 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 CP-16-22 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 RU-16 Branding DJA DJD DJR DJL AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 30 of 32 Data Sheet AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 31 of 32 AD5696R/AD5695R/AD5694R Data Sheet NOTES ©2012 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D10486-0-4/12(0) Rev. 0 | Page 32 of 32