ACST10 Overvoltage protected AC switch Features OUT ■ Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology ■ Low IGT (< 10 mA) or high immunity (IGT < 35 mA) version ■ High noise immunity: static dV/dt > 2000 V/µs ■ TO-220FPAB insulated package: 1500 V rms Benefits ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 ■ High off-state reliability with planar technology ■ Need no external over voltage protection ■ Reduces the power passive component count ■ High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards G G OUT COM OUT COM TO-220FPAB ACST1010-7FP ACST1035-7FP TO-220AB ACST1010-7T ACST1035-7T Figure 1. Functional diagram OUT Applications ■ AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems ■ Drive of medium power AC loads such as: – Universal motor of washing machine drum – Compressor for fridge or air conditioner Description The ACST10 series belongs to the ACS™/ACST power switch family built with A.S.D.® (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems, and drives loads up to 10 A. This ACST10 switch has a Triac structure and a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand transients such as those described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standard. The ACST1010-7 needs a low gate current to be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and still shows a high noise immunity complying with IEC 61000-4-4 standard. The ACST1035-7 offers a high static dV/dt immunity of 2 kV/µs minimum. July 2010 G COM Table 1. Device summary Symbol Value Unit IT(RMS) 10 A VDRM/VRRM 700 V IGT 10 or 35 mA TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics ®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 1/13 www.st.com 13 Characteristics ACST10 1 Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I2 t Parameter Unit 10 A TO-220AB Tc = 105 °C TO-220FPAB Tc = 84 °C F = 60 Hz tp = 16.7 ms 105 A F = 50 Hz tp = 20 ms 100 A tp = 10 ms 66 A2 s Tj = 125 °C 100 A/µs On-state rms current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25 °C, ( full cycle sine wave) Value 2 I t for fuse selection dI/dt Critical rate of rise on-state current IG = 2 x IGT, (tr ≤ 100 ns) VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage (1) Tj = 25 °C 2 kV Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W PGM Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 10 W IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20 µs) Tj = 125 °C 1.6 A Tstg Storage temperature range -40 to +150 °C Tj Operating junction temperature range -40 to +125 °C Tl Maximum lead solder temperature during 10 ms (at 3 mm from case) 260 °C 1500 V PG(AV) F = 120 Hz VINS(RMS) Insulation rms voltage T0-220FPAB 1. According to test described in IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 17 Table 3. Electrical characteristics Value Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Tj Unit ACST1010-7 ACST1035-7 10 35 IGT(1) VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. VGT VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 °C MAX. 1.0 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 Ω I - II - III 125 °C MIN. 0.2 V IH(2) IOUT = 500 mA 25 °C MAX. 30 50 mA IL IG = 1.2 x IGT 25 °C MAX. 50 70 mA 125 °C MIN. 200 2000 V/µs 125 °C MIN. dV/dt(2) (dI/dt)c(2) I - II - III VOUT = 67 % VDRM, gate open (dV/dt)c = 15 V/µs 4.4 A/ms Without snubber VCL 12 ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms 25 °C MIN. 1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max 2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin 2/13 mA Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 850 V ACST10 Table 4. Characteristics Static characteristics Symbol Test conditions Value Unit VTM(1) IOUT = 14.1 A, tp = 500 µs Tj = 25 °C MAX. 1.5 V VT0(1) Threshold voltage Tj = 125 °C MAX. 0.9 V Rd(1) Dynamic resistance Tj = 125 °C MAX. 35 mΩ IDRM IRRM Tj = 25 °C MAX. 20 µA VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM Tj = 125 °C MAX. 1.2 mA Value Unit TO-220AB 1.7 °C/W TO-220FPAB 3.5 °C/W TO-220AB TO-220FPAB 60 °C/W 1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin Table 5. Thermal characteristics Symbol Parameter Rth(j-c) Junction to case (AC) Rth(j-a) Junction to ambient Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation vs. rms on-state current (full cycle) Figure 3. P(W) On-state rms current vs. case temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 12 11 11 10 10 9 TO-220AB 9 TO-220FPAB 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 IT(RMS)(A) 1 TC(°C) 1 0 0 0 1 Figure 4. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 25 On-state rms current vs. ambient Figure 5. temperature (free air convection full cycle) IT(RMS)(A) 1.0E+00 3,0 50 75 100 125 Relative variation of thermal impedance vs. pulse duration K=[Zth/Rth] Zth(j-c) TO -220AB Zth(j-a) 2,5 TO-220FPAB 2,0 1,5 1.0E-01 1,0 TO-220AB TO-220FPAB 0,5 Tamb(°C) tp(s) 0,0 0 25 50 75 100 125 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03 3/13 Characteristics Figure 6. ACST10 On-state characteristics (maximal values) Figure 7. ITM(A) 100 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current vs. number of cycles (Tj initial = 25 °C) ITSM(A) 110 100 90 t=20ms 80 70 ITM (A) One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial=25 °C 60 10 50 40 30 Tj=125 °C VTM(V) Tj=25 °C 20 Tj max : Vto = 0.90 V Rd = 35 mΩ Number of cycles 0 1 0 1 Figure 8. 10000 Repetitive TC=105 °C 10 2 3 4 5 1 10 Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 9. current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I²t ITSM(A), I2t (A2s) 3.0 dI/dt limitation: 100 A/µs 100 Relative variation of gate triggering current (IGT) and gate triggering voltage vs. junction temperature IGT, VGT,[Tj/IGT[Tj = 25 °C] Tj initial=25 °C IGTQ3 2.5 ITSM 1000 IGTQ1-Q2 2.0 100 1.5 I²t VGTQ1-Q2-Q3 1.0 10 0.5 tp(ms) Tj(°C) 1 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 Figure 10. Relative variation of holding (IH) and latching current (IL) vs. junction temperature 2.5 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. (dV/dt)c IH,IL[TJ]/IH,IL[Tj = 25 °C] (di/dt)c [(dV/dt)c] / Specified (di/dt)c 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.2 Typical values 0.8 1.0 0.4 IL IH 0.2 TJ(°C) 4/13 ACST10-7Sxx 0.6 0.5 0.0 -50 ACST10-7Cxx 1.0 1.5 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.0 0.1 Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 (dV/dt)c (V/µs) 1 10 100 ACST10 Characteristics Figure 12. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. junction temperature 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Figure 13. Relative variation of static dV/dt vs. junction temperature (dI/dt)c[Tj] / (dI/dt)c[Tj=125°C] 11 (dV/dt)[Tj] / (dV/dt)[Tj = 125 °C] VD = VR = 469 V 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 25 50 Tj(°C) 1 Tj(°C) 75 100 0 25 125 50 75 100 125 Figure 14. Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, VCL vs. junction temperature 1.15 VCL[Tj] / VCL[Tj = 25 °C] 1.10 1.05 1.00 Minimum values 0.95 0.90 tj(°C) 0.85 -50 -25 0 25 50 Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 75 100 125 5/13 Application information ACST10 2 Application information 2.1 Typical application description The ACST10 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST10 switch is able to drive an inductive load up to 10 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the ACST1010-7 can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown Figure 15. Figure 15. Compressor control – typical diagram Compressor Compressor AC Mains AC Mains 2 PTC Electronic starter 1 logical circuitry PTC ACST Start switch 3 ACST ACST Run switch Electronic thermostat ACST Rg Power supply Gate Driver Power supply Compressor with integrated e-starter 6/13 Rg Rg Gate Driver Compressor with external electronic drive Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 ACST10 Application information Figure 16. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram Universal motor Stator Rotor 12V AC Mains Motor direction setting MCU Speed motor regulation ACST Rg Vcc MCU 2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST10 is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST10 switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp up. The test circuit of Figure 17 represents the ACST10 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST10 folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 18. The ACST10 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 7/13 Application information ACST10 Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for IEC 61000-4-5 standards R = 8 Ω, L = 4 µH, VPP = 2 kV Surge generator 2kV surge Rgene Model of the load Filtering unit R L ACST10 AC Mains Rg Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACST10 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test V peak = V CL 1.2/50 µs voltage surge V 0 8/20 µs current surge I 0 8/13 Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 ACST10 3 Ordering information scheme Ordering information scheme Figure 19. Ordering information scheme ACS T 10 10 - 7 FP AC switch Topology T = Triac On-state rms current 10 = 10 A Sensitivity 10 = 10 mA 35 = 35 mA Voltage 7 = 700 V Package FP = TO-220FPAB T = TO-220AB Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 9/13 Package information 4 ACST10 Package information ● Epoxy meets UL94, V0 ● Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-220AB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Dia C L5 L7 L6 L2 F2 D L9 L4 Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 C 1.23 1.32 0.048 0.051 D 2.40 2.72 0.094 0.107 E 0.49 0.70 0.019 0.027 F 0.61 0.88 0.024 0.034 F1 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 F2 1.14 1.70 0.044 0.066 G 4.95 5.15 0.194 0.202 G1 2.40 2.70 0.094 0.106 H2 10 10.40 0.393 0.409 L2 F M G1 Inches A H2 F1 Millimeters 16.4 typ. 0.645 typ. L4 13 14 0.511 0.551 L5 2.65 2.95 0.104 0.116 L6 15.25 15.75 0.600 0.620 L7 6.20 6.60 0.244 0.259 L9 3.50 3.93 0.137 0.154 E G M Diam. 10/13 Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 2.6 typ. 3.75 3.85 0.102 typ. 0.147 0.151 ACST10 Package information Table 7. TO-220FPAB dimensions Dimensions Ref. A B H Dia L6 L2 L7 L3 L5 F1 L4 Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.4 4.6 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.018 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 F2 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 G 4.95 5.20 0.195 0.205 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10 10.4 0.393 0.409 D F2 F Millimeters L2 16 Typ. 0.63 Typ. L3 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.205 L4 9.8 10.6 0.386 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.646 L7 9.00 9.30 0.354 0.366 Diam. 3.00 3.20 0.118 0.126 E G1 G Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 11/13 Ordering information 5 ACST10 Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking ACST1010-7T Package Weight Base qty Packing mode TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220FPAB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220AB 2.3 g 50 Tube TO-220FPAB 2.3 g 50 Tube ACST10107 ACST1010-7FP ACST1035-7T ACST10357 ACST1035-7FP 6 Revision history Table 9. 12/13 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 02-Dec-2008 1 First issue 13-Apr-2009 2 Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class. 01-Jul-2010 3 Updated order code in Table 3. Doc ID 15237 Rev 3 ACST10 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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