Cirrus CS5464 Three-channel, single-phase power/energy ic Datasheet

CS5464
Three-channel, Single-phase Power/Energy IC
Features & Description
Description
• Energy Linearity: ±0.1% of Reading over
1000:1 Dynamic Range
• On-chip Functions:
The CS5464 is a watt-hour meter on a chip. It
measures line voltage and current and calculates active, reactive, apparent power, energy,
power factor, and RMS voltage and current.
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Voltage and Current Measurement
Active, Reactive, and Apparent Power/Energy
RMS Voltage and Current Calculations
Current Fault and Voltage Sag Detection
Calibration
Phase Compensation
Temperature Sensor
Energy Pulse Outputs
Meets Accuracy Spec for IEC, ANSI, & JIS
Low Power Consumption
Tamper Detection and Correction
Ground-referenced Inputs with Single
Supply
On-chip 2.5 V Reference (25 ppm / °C typ.)
Power Supply Monitor Function
Three-wire Serial Interface to
Microcontroller or E2PROM
Power Supply Configurations
GND: 0 V, VA+: +5 V, VD+: +3.3 V to +5 V
http://www.cirrus.com
There are two separate inputs to measure line,
ground, and/or neutral current enabling the
meter to detect tampering and to continue operating. An internal RMS voltage reference can be
used if voltage measurement is disabled by
tampering.
Four ∆Σ analog-to-digital converters are used to
measure voltage, two currents, and temperature.
The CS5464 is designed to interface to a variety
of voltage and current sensors.
Additional features include system-level calibration, voltage sag and current fault detection,
peak detection, phase compensation, and energy pulse outputs.
ORDERING INFORMATION
See Page 44.
Copyright © Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2007
(All Rights Reserved)
MAR ‘07
DS682F1
CS5464
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Clock Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Control Pins and Serial Data I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Analog Inputs/Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Power Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Other Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3. Characteristics & Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Analog Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Analog Inputs (All Inputs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Analog Inputs (Current Inputs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Analog Inputs (Voltage Inputs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Voltage Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Reference Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Reference Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Digital Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Master Clock Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Filter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Input/Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Switching Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Serial Port Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
SDI Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
SDO Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
E2PROM mode Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
E1, E2, and E3 Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Signal Path Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.1 Analog-to-Digital Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 Decimation Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Phase Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.4 DC Offset and Gain Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.5 High-pass Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.6 Low-Rate Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.7 RMS Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.8 Power and Energy Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.9 Peak Voltage and Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.10 Power Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1 Analog Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.1 Voltage Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.2 Current1 and Current2 Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.3 Power Fail Monitor Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
13
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
16
16
16
17
17
17
17
17
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5.1.4 Voltage Reference Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.5 Voltage Reference Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1.6 Crystal Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Digital Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.1 Reset Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.2 CPU Clock Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.3 Interrupt Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.4 Energy Pulse Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2.5 Serial Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Setting Up the CS5464 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1 Clock Divider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 CPU Clock Inversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Interrupt Pin Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 Current Input Gain Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5 High-pass Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6 Cycle Count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7 Energy Pulse Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8 No Load Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.9 Energy Pulse Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.10 Energy Pulse Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.11 Voltage Sag/Current Fault Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.12 Epsilon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.13 Temperature Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Using the CS5464 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.1 Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.2 Power-down States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.3 Tamper Detection and Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.4 Command Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.5 Register Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.6 Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Register Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.1 Page Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2 Page 0 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.3 Page 1 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4 Page 2 Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. System Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1 Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.1 Offset Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.1.1 DC Offset Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.1.2 AC Offset Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.2 Gain Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.2.1 AC Gain Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.2.2 DC Gain Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.3 Calibration Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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18
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
21
21
22
22
22
22
23
23
24
28
28
28
33
38
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
3
CS5464
9.1.4 Temperature Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.4.1 Temperature Offset Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.1.4.2 Temperature Gain Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10. E2PROM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.1 E2PROM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.2 E2PROM Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.3 Which E2PROMs Can Be Used? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. Basic Application Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. Package Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. Environmental, Manufacturing, & Handling Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40
40
40
41
41
41
41
42
43
44
44
45
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. CS5464 Read and Write Timing Diagrams ................................................................. 12
Figure 2. Timing Diagram for E1, E2, and E3 .............................................................................. 13
Figure 3. Signal Flow for V1, I1, P1, Q1 Measurements ............................................................ 14
Figure 4. Signal Flow for V2, I2, P2, Q2 Measurements ............................................................ 14
Figure 5. Low-rate Calculations .................................................................................................. 16
Figure 6. Oscillator Connections................................................................................................. 17
Figure 7. Sag and Fault Detect................................................................................................... 21
Figure 8. Energy Channel Selection ........................................................................................... 22
Figure 9. Fixed RMS Voltage Selection...................................................................................... 22
Figure 10. Calibration Data Flow ................................................................................................ 39
Figure 11. System Calibration of Offset...................................................................................... 39
Figure 12. System Calibration of Gain........................................................................................ 40
Figure 13. Typical Interface of E2PROM to CS5464 .................................................................. 41
Figure 14. Typical Connection Diagram .................................................................................... 42
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Interrupt Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 2. Current Input Gain Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 3. High-pass Filter Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 4. E2 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 5. E3 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 6. E1 / E2 Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 7. E3 Pin with E1MODE enabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
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19
19
19
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1. OVERVIEW
The CS5464 is a CMOS power measurement integrated circuit utilizing four ∆Σ analog-to-digital converters to measure line voltage, temperature, and current from up to two sources. It calculates active, reactive,
and apparent power as well as RMS and peak voltage and current. It handles other system-related functions, such as pulse output conversion, voltage sag, current fault, voltage zero crossing, line frequency,
and tamper detection.
The CS5464 is optimized to interface to current transformers or shunt resistors for current measurement,
and to a resistive divider or voltage transformer for voltage measurement. Two full-scale ranges are provided on the current inputs to accommodate both types of current sensors. The second current channel
can be used for tamper detection or as a second current input. The CS5464’s three differential inputs have
a common-mode input range from analog ground (AGND) to the positive analog supply (VA+).
An additional analog input (PFMON) is provided to allow the application to determine when a power failure
is in progress. By monitoring the unregulated power supply, the application can take any required action
when a power loss occurs.
An on-chip voltage reference (nominally 2.5 volts) is generated and provided at analog output, VREFOUT.
This reference can be supplied to the chip by connecting it to the reference voltage input, VREFIN. Alternatively, an external voltage reference can be supplied to the reference input.
Three digital outputs (E1, E2, E3) provide a variety of output signals and, depending on the mode selected, provide energy pulses, power failure indication, or other choices.
The CS5464 includes a three-wire serial host interface to an external microcontroller or serial E2PROM.
Signals include serial data input (SDI), serial data output (SDO), serial clock (SCLK), and optionally, a
chip select (CS), which allows the CS5464 to share the SDO signal with other devices. A MODE input is
used to control whether an E2PROM will be used instead of a host microcontroller.
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2. PIN DESCRIPTION
Crystal Out
CPU Clock Output
Positive Digital Supply
Digital Ground
Serial Clock
Serial Data Ouput
Chip Select
Mode Select
Differential Voltage Input
Differential Voltage Input
Voltage Reference Output
Voltage Reference Input
Factory Test
Factory Test
XOUT
CPUCLK
VD+
DGND
SCLK
SDO
CS
MODE
VIN+
VINVREFOUT
VREFIN
TEST1
TEST2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
XIN
SDI
E2
E1
INT
RESET
E3
PFMON
IIN1+
IIN1VA+
AGND
IIN2+
IIN2-
Crystal In
Serial Data Input
Energy Output 2
Energy Output 1
Interrupt
Reset
Energy Output 3
Power Fail Monitor
Differential Current Input
Differential Current Input
Positive Analog Supply
Analog Ground
Differential Current Input
Differential Current Input
Clock Generator
Crystal Out
Crystal In
CPU Clock Output
1,28
2
XOUT, XIN — Connect to an external quartz crystal. Alternatively, an external clock can be supplied to the XIN pin to provide the system clock for the device.
CPUCLK - Logic-level output from crystal oscillator. Can be used to clock an external CPU.
Control Pins and Serial Data I/O
Serial Clock
5
SCLK — Clocks serial data from the SDI pin and to the SDO pin when CS is low. SCLK is a
Schmitt-trigger input when MODE is low and a driven output when MODE is high.
Serial Data Output
6
SDO — Serial data output. Data is clocked out by SCLK.
Chip Select
7
CS — An input that enables the serial interface when MODE is low and a driven output when
MODE is high.
Mode Select
8
MODE — High selects external E2PROM, Low selects external microcontroller. MODE includes a
weak internal pull-down and therefore selects microcontroller mode if not connected.
Energy Outputs
22, 25, E3, E1, E2 — Primarily active-low energy pulse outputs. These can be programmed to output
other conditions.
26
Reset
23
RESET — An active-low Schmitt-trigger input used to reset the chip.
Interrupt
24
INT — Active-low output, indicates that an enabled condition has occurred.
Serial Data Input
27
SDI — Serial data input. Data is clocked in by SCLK.
Analog Inputs/Outputs
Differential Voltage Inputs
Differential Current Inputs
9,10
VIN+, VIN- — Differential analog inputs for the voltage channel.
20,19, IIN1+, IIN1-, IIN2+, IIN2- — Differential analog inputs for the current channels.
16,15
Power Fail Monitor
21
PFMON — Used to monitor the unregulated power supply via a resistive divider. If the PFMON
voltage drops below its low limit, the low-supply detect (LSD) bit is set in the Status register.
Voltage Reference Output
11
VREFOUT — The on-chip voltage reference output. Nominally 2.5 V, referenced to AGND.
Voltage Reference Input
12
VREFIN — The voltage reference input. Can be connected to VREFOUT or external 2.5 V reference.
Power Connections
Positive Digital Supply
3
VD+ — The positive digital supply.
Digital Ground
4
DGND — Digital ground.
Positive Analog Supply
18
VA+ — The positive analog supply.
Analog Ground
17
AGND — Analog ground.
Other Pins
Test1, Test2
6
13,14
NC — Factory use only. Connect to AGND.
DS682F1
CS5464
3. CHARACTERISTICS & SPECIFICATIONS
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter
Positive Digital Power Supply
Positive Analog Power Supply
Voltage Reference
Specified Temperature Range
Symbol
VD+
VA+
VREFIN
TA
Min
3.135
4.75
-40
Typ
5.0
5.0
2.5
-
Max
5.25
5.25
+85
Unit
V
V
V
°C
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
•
•
•
•
Min / Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over all Recommended Operating Conditions.
Typical characteristics and specifications are measured at nominal supply voltages and TA = 25 °C.
VA+ = VD+ = 5 V ±5%; AGND = DGND = 0 V; VREFIN = +2.5 V. All voltages with respect to 0 V.
DCLK = 4.096 MHz.
Parameter
Accuracy
Active Power
(Note 1)
Reactive Power
(Note 1 and 2)
Power Factor
(Note 1 and 2)
Current RMS
(Note 1)
Voltage RMS
(Note 1)
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
PActive
-
±0.1
-
%
All Gain Ranges
Input Range 0.1% - 100%
QAvg
-
±0.2
-
%
All Gain Ranges
Input Range 1.0% - 100%
Input Range 0.1% - 1.0%
PF
-
±0.2
±0.27
-
All Gain Ranges
Input Range 1.0% - 100%
Input Range 0.1% - 1.0%
IRMS
-
±0.1
±0.17
-
%
%
%
%
%
All Gain Ranges
Input Range 5% - 100%
VRMS
-
±0.1
-
%
80
-0.25
-
VA+
dB
V
-
500
100
-
mVP-P
mVP-P
NI
80
30
-
94
-115
27
-
22.5
4.5
dB
dB
pF
kΩ
µVrms
µVrms
OD
GE
-
4.0
±0.4
-
µV/°C
%
All Gain Ranges
Input Range 0.1% - 100%
Analog Inputs (All Inputs)
Common Mode Rejection
Common Mode + Signal
Analog Inputs (Current Inputs)
Differential Input Range
[(IIN+) – (IIN-)]
Total Harmonic Distortion
Crosstalk from Voltage Input at Full Scale
Input Capacitance
Effective Input Impedance
Noise (Referred to Input)
Offset Drift (Without the High-pass Filter)
Gain Error
(DC, 50, 60 Hz)
CMRR
(Gain = 10)
(Gain = 50)
IIN
(Gain = 50)
THD
(50, 60 Hz)
IC
EII
(Gain = 10)
(Gain = 50)
(Note 3)
Notes: 1. Applies when the HPF option is enabled.
2. Applies when the line frequency is equal to the product of the output word rate (OWR) and the value of
Epsilon.
DS682F1
7
CS5464
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter
Analog Inputs (Voltage Inputs)
Differential Input Range
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
[(VIN+) – (VIN-)]
VIN
-
500
-
mVP-P
Total Harmonic Distortion
Crosstalk from Current Inputs at Full Scale
(50, 60 Hz)
Input Capacitance
All Gain Ranges
Effective Input Impedance
Noise (Referred to Input)
THD
IC
EII
NV
65
2
-
75
-70
2.0
-
140
dB
dB
pF
MΩ
µVrms
Offset Drift (Without the High-pass Filter)
Gain Error
Temperature
Temperature Accuracy
Power Supplies
Power Supply Currents (Active State)
OD
GE
-
16.0
±3.0
-
µV/°C
%
T
-
±5
-
°C
PSCA
PSCD
PSCD
-
1.5
3.5
2.3
-
mA
mA
mA
PC
-
25
15
7
10
33
20
-
mW
mW
mW
uW
48
68
60
2.3
-
55
75
65
2.45
2.55
2.7
dB
dB
dB
V
V
(Note 3)
IA+
ID+ (VA+ = VD+ = 5 V)
ID+ (VA+ = 5 V, VD+ = 3.3 V)
Power Consumption
(Note 4)
Active State (VA+ = VD+ = 5 V)
Active State (VA+ = 5 V, VD+ = 3.3 V)
Stand-by State
Sleep State
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (50, 60 Hz)
(Note 5)
Voltage
Current (Gain = 50x)
Current (Gain = 10x)
PFMON Low-voltage Trigger Threshold
PFMON High-voltage Power-on Trip Point
(Note 6)
(Note 7)
PSRR
PMLO
PMHI
Notes: 3. Applies before system calibration.
4. All outputs unloaded. All inputs CMOS level.
5. Measurement method for PSRR: VREFIN tied to VREFOUT, VA+ = VD+ = 5 V, a 150 mV
(zero-to-peak) (60 Hz) sinewave is imposed onto the +5 V DC supply voltage at VA+ and VD+ pins. The
“+” and “-” input pins of both input channels are shorted to AGND. The CS5464 is then commanded to
continuous conversion acquisition mode, and digital output data is collected for the channel under test.
The (zero-to-peak) value of the digital sinusoidal output signal is determined, and this value is converted
into the (zero-to-peak) value of the sinusoidal voltage (measured in mV) that would need to be applied
at the channel’s inputs, in order to cause the same digital sinusoidal output. This voltage is then defined
as Veq. PSRR is (in dB):
150
PSRR = 20 ⋅ log ---------V eq
6. When voltage level on PFMON is sagging, and LSD bit = 0, the voltage at which LSD is set to 1.
7. If the LSD bit has been set to 1 (because PFMON voltage fell below PMLO), this is the voltage level on
PFMON at which the LSD bit can be permanently reset back to 0.
8
DS682F1
CS5464
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VREFOUT
+2.4
+2.5
+2.6
V
Reference Output
Output Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 8)
TCVREF
-
25
60
ppm/°C
Load Regulation
(Note 9)
∆VR
-
6
10
mV
VREFIN
+2.4
+2.5
+2.6
V
Input Capacitance
-
4
-
pF
Input CVF Current
-
100
-
nA
Reference Input
Input Voltage Range
Notes: 8. The voltage at VREFOUT is measured across the temperature range. From these measurements the
following formula is used to calculate the VREFOUT temperature coefficient:.
AVG
MIN)
(
MAX
(T
AMAX
1
- TAMIN
(
- VREFOUT
( (VREFOUT
VREFOUT
( 1.0 x 10
6
(
TCVREF =
9. Specified at maximum recommended output of 1 µA, source or sink.
DS682F1
9
CS5464
DIGITAL CHARACTERISTICS
•
•
•
•
Min / Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over all Recommended Operating Conditions.
Typical characteristics and specifications are measured at nominal supply voltages and TA = 25 °C.
VA+ = VD+ = 5V ±5%; AGND = DGND = 0 V. All voltages with respect to 0 V.
DCLK = 4.096 MHz.
Parameter
Symbol
Master Clock Characteristics
Master Clock Frequency
Internal Gate Oscillator (Note 11) DCLK
Master Clock Duty Cycle
CPUCLK Duty Cycle
(Note 12 and 13)
Filter Characteristics
Phase Compensation Range
(60 Hz, OWR = 4000 Hz)
Input Sampling Rate
DCLK = MCLK/K
Digital Filter Output Word Rate
(Both channels) OWR
High-pass Filter Corner Frequency
-3 dB
Full-scale DC Calibration Range (Referred to Input) (Note 14) FSCR
Channel-to-channel Time-shift Error
(Note 15)
Input/Output Characteristics
High-level Input Voltage
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
2.5
40
40
4.096
-
20
60
60
MHz
%
%
-5.4
25
DCLK/8
DCLK/1024
0.5
1.0
+5.4
100
°
Hz
Hz
Hz
%FS
µs
0.6 VD+
(VD+) – 0.5
0.8 VD+
-
-
V
V
V
-
-
0.8
1.5
0.2 VD+
V
V
V
(VD+) - 1.0
-
0.48
0.3
0.2 VD+
-
V
V
V
V
Iin
-
±1
0.4
0.4
±10
V
V
µA
3-state Leakage Current
IOZ
-
-
±10
µA
Digital Output Pin Capacitance
Cout
-
5
-
pF
All Pins Except XIN and SCLK and RESET
XIN
SCLK and RESET
VIH
Low-level Input Voltage (VD = 5 V)
All Pins Except XIN and SCLK and RESET
XIN
SCLK and RESET
VIL
Low-level Input Voltage (VD = 3.3 V)
All Pins Except XIN and SCLK and RESET
XIN
SCLK and RESET
High-level Output Voltage
VIL
Iout = +5 mA
VOH
Iout = -5 mA (VD = +5V)
Iout = -2.5 mA (VD = +3.3V)
VOL
Low-level Output Voltage
Input Leakage Current
(Note 16)
Notes: 10. All measurements performed under static conditions.
11. If a crystal is used, XIN frequency must remain between 2.5 MHz - 5.0 MHz. If an external oscillator is
used, XIN frequency range is 2.5 MHz - 20 MHz, but K must be set so that MCLK is between
2.5 MHz - 5.0 MHz.
12. If external MCLK is used, the duty cycle must be between 45% and 55% to maintain this specification.
13. The frequency of CPUCLK is equal to MCLK.
14. The minimum FSCR is limited by the maximum allowed gain register value. The maximum FSCR is
limited by the full-scale signal applied to the input.
15. Configuration register (Config) bits PC[6:0] are set to “0000000”.
16.
10
The MODE pin is pulled low by an internal resistor.
DS682F1
CS5464
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
•
•
•
•
Min / Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over all Recommended Operating Conditions.
Typical characteristics and specifications are measured at nominal supply voltages and TA = 25 °C.
VA+ = 5 V ±5% VD+ = 3.3 V ±5% or 5 V ±5%; AGND = DGND = 0 V. All voltages with respect to 0 V.
Logic Levels: Logic 0 = 0 V, Logic 1 = VD+.
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
trise
-
50
1.0
-
µs
ns
tfall
-
50
1.0
-
µs
ns
tost
-
60
-
ms
SCLK
-
-
2
MHz
t1
t2
200
200
-
-
ns
ns
CS Falling to SCLK Rising
t3
50
-
-
ns
Data Set-up Time Prior to SCLK Rising
t4
50
-
-
ns
Data Hold Time After SCLK Rising
t5
100
-
-
ns
CS Falling to SDO Driving
t6
-
20
50
ns
SCLK Falling to New Data Bit (hold time)
t7
-
20
50
ns
CS Rising to SDO Hi-Z
t8
-
20
50
ns
Rise Times
(Note 17)
Any Digital Output
Fall Times
(Note 17)
Any Digital Output
Start-up
Oscillator Start-up Time
XTAL = 4.096 MHz (Note 11)
Serial Port Timing
Serial Clock Frequency
Serial Clock
Pulse Width High
Pulse Width Low
SDI Timing
SDO Timing
E2PROM mode Timing
Serial Clock
Pulse Width Low
Pulse Width High
t9
t10
8
8
DCLK
DCLK
MODE setup time to RESET Rising
t11
50
ns
RESET rising to CS falling
t12
48
DCLK
CS falling to SCLK rising
t13
100
SCLK falling to CS rising
t14
CS rising to driving MODE low
t15
50
ns
SDO setup time to SCLK rising
t16
100
ns
8
DCLK
16
DCLK
Notes: 17. Specified using 10% and 90% points on waveform of interest. Output loaded with 50 pF.
18. Oscillator start-up time varies with crystal parameters. This specification does not apply when using an
external clock source.
DS682F1
11
CS5464
t3
CS
t1
t2
SC LK
H ig h B y te
LSB
MSB
MSB-1
LSB
MSB-1
LSB
C o m m a n d T im e 8 S C L K s
MSB
MSB
t5
MSB-1
LSB
SDI
MSB-1
MSB
t4
M id B y te
L o w B y te
SDI Write Timing (Not to Scale)
CS
t1
t8
LSB
MSB-1
LSB
MSB
Low B yte
MSB-1
LSB
UNKNOW N
MSB-1
MSB
SDO
M id B yte
MSB
H igh B yte
t6
t7
t2
LSB
MSB-1
SDI
MSB
SCLK
C om m and T im e 8 S C LK s
S Y N C 0 or S Y N C 1
C om m and
S Y N C 0 or S Y N C 1
C om m and
S Y N C 0 or S Y N C 1
C om m and
SDO Read Timing (Not to Scale)
t11
t15
MODE
( IN P U T )
RESET
( IN P U T )
CS
t14
t12
t7
t13
(O U T P U T )
SCLK
(O U T P U T )
t10
t16
t9
t4
SDO
t5
STOP bit
(O U T P U T )
SDI
( IN P U T )
Last 8
B it s
D a ta fro m E E P R O M
E2PROM
mode Sequence Timing (Not to Scale)
Figure 1. CS5464 Read and Write Timing Diagrams
12
DS682F1
CS5464
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)
Parameter
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
tperiod
500
-
-
µs
Pulse Width
tpw
244
-
-
µs
Rising Edge to Falling Edge
t3
6
-
-
µs
E2 Setup to E1 and/or E3 Falling Edge
t4
1.5
-
-
µs
E1 Falling Edge to E3 Falling Edge
t5
248
-
-
µs
E1, E2, and E3 Timing
(Note 19 and 20)
Period
Notes: 19. Pulse output timing is specified at DCLK = 4.096 MHz, E2MODE = 0, and E3MODE[1:0] = 0. Refer to
6.7 Energy Pulse Outputs on page 19 for more information on pulse output pins.
20. Timing is proportional to the frequency of DCLK.
tperiod
tpw
E1
t3
t4
E2
t4
E3
tpw
t5
tperiod
t5
t3
Figure 2. Timing Diagram for E1, E2, and E3
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
Parameter
DC Power Supplies
Input Current, Any Pin Except Supplies
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
(Notes 21 and 22)
Positive Digital
Positive Analog
VD+
VA+
-0.3
-0.3
-
+6.0
+6.0
V
V
(Notes 23, 24, 25)
IIN
-
-
±10
mA
IOUT
-
-
100
mA
PD
-
-
500
mW
Output Current, Any Pin Except VREFOUT
Power Dissipation
(Note 26)
Analog Input Voltage
All Analog Pins
VINA
- 0.3
-
(VA+) + 0.3
V
Digital Input Voltage
All Digital Pins
VIND
-0.3
-
(VD+) + 0.3
V
Ambient Operating Temperature
TA
-40
-
85
°C
Storage Temperature
Tstg
-65
-
150
°C
Notes: 21. VA+ and AGND must satisfy [(VA+) - (AGND)] ≤ + 6.0 V.
22. VD+ and AGND must satisfy [(VD+) - (AGND)] ≤ + 6.0 V.
23. Applies to all pins including continuous over-voltage conditions at the analog input pins.
24. Transient current of up to 100 mA will not cause SCR latch-up.
25. Maximum DC input current for a power supply pin is ±50 mA.
26. Total power dissipation, including all input currents and output currents.
DS682F1
13
CS5464
V1OFF V1GAIN
FGA
I1OFF
I1GAIN
Figure 3. Signal Flow for V1, I1, P1, Q1 Measurements
4. SIGNAL PATH DESCRIPTION
The data flow for voltage and current measurement and
the other calculations are shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5.
The data flow consists of two current paths and two voltage paths. Both voltage paths are derived from the
same differential input pins. Each current path has its
own differential input pins.
4.1 Analog-to-Digital Converters
The voltage and temperature channels use second-order delta-sigma modulators and the two current channels use fourth-order delta-sigma modulators to convert
the analog inputs to single-bit digital data streams. The
converters sample at a rate of DCLK/8. This high sampling provides a wide dynamic range and simplifies anti-alias filter design.
4.2 Decimation Filters
The single-bit modulator output data is widened to
24 bits and down-sampled to DCLK/1024 with low-pass
decimation filters. These decimation filters are third-order Sinc. Their outputs are passed through third-order
IIR “anti-sinc” filters, used to compensate for the amplitude roll-off of the decimation filters.
4.3 Phase Compensation
Phase compensation changes the phase of current relative to voltage by changing the sampling time in the
decimation filters. The amount of phase shift is set by
bits PC[7:0] in the Configuration register (Config) for
channel 1 and bits PC[7:0] in the Control register (Ctrl)
for channel 2.
Phase compensation, PC[7:0] is a signed two’s complement binary value in the range of -1.0 to almost +1.0
output word rate (OWR) samples. For a sample rate of
4000 Hz, the delay range is ±250 µS, a phase shift of
±4.5° at 50 Hz and ±5.4° at 60 Hz. The step size would
be 0.0352° at 50 Hz and 0.0422° at 60 Hz at this sample
rate.
V2OFF V2GAIN
I2OFF
I2GAIN
Figure 4. Signal Flow for V2, I2, P2, Q2 Measurements
14
DS682F1
CS5464
4.4 DC Offset and Gain Correction
The system and chip inherently have gain and offset errors which can be removed using the gain and offset
registers. (See Section 9. System Calibration on page
39). Each measurement channel has its own registers.
For every channel, the output of the IIR filter is added to
the offset register and multiplied by the gain register.
4.5 High-pass Filters
Optional high-pass filters (HPF in Figures 3 and 4) remove any DC from the selected signal paths. Subsequently, DC will also be removed from power, and all
low-rate results. (see Figures 5).
Each energy channel has a current and voltage path. If
an HPF is enabled in only one path, a phase-matching
filter (PMF) is applied to the other path which matches
the amplitude and phase delay of the HPF in the band
DS682F1
of interest, but passes DC. For more information, see
6.5 High-pass Filters on page 19. The HPF filter multiplexers drive the I1, V1, I2, and V2 result registers.
4.6 Low-Rate Calculations
Low-rate results are derived from sample-rate results
integrated over N samples, where N is the value stored
in the Cycle Count register. The low-rate interval is the
sample interval multiplied by N.
4.7 RMS Results
The root mean square (RMS in Figure 5) calculations
are performed on N instantaneous voltage and current
samples, using the formula:
N–1
I RMS =
∑
I n2
n=0
--------------------N
15
CS5464
V1ACOFF
(V2ACOFF)
P1OFF (P2OFF)
I1ACOFF
(I2ACOFF)
Figure 5. Low-rate Calculations
4.8 Power and Energy Results
The instantaneous voltage and current samples are
multiplied to obtain the instantaneous power (P1, P2)
(see Figure 3 and 4). The product is then averaged over
N conversions to compute active power (P1AVG,
P2AVG).
Apparent power (S1, S2) is the product of RMS voltage
and current as shown:
S = V RMS × I RMS
ed to line frequency, so their gain is corrected by the Epsilon register, which is based on line frequency.
Reactive power (Q1AVG, Q2AVG) is generated by integrating the instantaneous quadrature power over N
samples.
4.9 Peak Voltage and Current
Peak current (I1PEAK, I2PEAK) and peak voltage
(V1PEAK, V2PEAK) are the largest current and voltage
samples detected in the previous low-rate interval.
4.10 Power Offset
Power factor (PF1, PF2) is active power divided by apparent power as shown below. The sign of the power
factor is determined by the active power.
P ACTIVE
PF = ---------------------S
Wideband reactive power (Q1WB, Q2WB) is calculated
by doing a vector subtraction of active power from apparent power.
Q WB =
2
S 2 – P ACTIVE
Quadrature power (Q1, Q2) are sample rate results obtained by multiplying instantaneous current (I1, I2) by instantaneous quadrature voltage (V1Q, V2Q) which are
created by phase shifting instantaneous voltage (V1,
V2) 90 degrees using first-order integrators. (see Figure
3 and 4). The gain of these integrators is inversely relat-
16
The power offset registers, P1OFF (P2OFF) can be used
to offset erroneous power sources resident in the system not originating from the power line. Residual power
offsets are usually caused by crosstalk into current
paths from voltage paths or from ripple on the meter or
chip’s power supply, or from inductance from a nearby
transformer.
These offsets can be either positive or negative, indicating crosstalk coupling either in phase or out of phase
with the applied voltage input. The power offset registers can compensate for either condition.
To use this feature, measure the average power at no
load using either Single or Continuous Conversion commands. Take the measured result (from the P1AVG
(P2AVG) register), invert (negate) the value and write it
to the associated power offset register, P1OFF (P2OFF).
DS682F1
CS5464
5. PIN DESCRIPTIONS
5.1 Analog Pins
5.1.6 Crystal Oscillator
The CS5464 has three differential inputs: VIN±, IIN1±,
and IIN2± are the voltage, current1, and current2 inputs,
respectively. A single-ended power fail monitor input,
voltage reference input, and voltage reference output
are also available.
An external quartz crystal can be connected to the XIN
and XOUT pins as shown in Figure 6. To reduce system
cost, each pin is supplied with an on-chip, phase-shifting capacitor to ground.
5.1.1 Voltage Inputs
The output of the line voltage resistive divider or transformer is connected to the VIN+ and VIN- input pins of
the CS5464. The voltage channel is equipped with a
10x, fixed-gain amplifier. The full-scale signal level that
can be applied to the voltage channel is ±250mV. If the
input signal is a sine wave, the maximum RMS voltage
is 250mVp / √2 ≈ 176.78mVRMS which is approximately 70.7% of maximum peak voltage.
.
XOUT
C1
Oscillator
Circuit
XIN
C2
DGND
5.1.2 Current1 and Current2 Inputs
The output of the current-sensing resistor or transformer is connected to the IIN1+ (IIN2+) and IIN1- (IIN2-) input pins of the CS5464. To accommodate different
current-sensing elements, the current channel incorporates a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) with two selectable input gains. The full-scale signal level for the
current channels is ±50mV or ±250mV. If the input signal is a sine wave, the maximum RMS voltage is
35.35mVRMS or 176.78mVRMS which is approximately 70.7% of maximum peak voltage.
5.1.3 Power Fail Monitor Input
An analog input (PFMON) is provided to determine
when a power loss is imminent. By connecting a resistive divider from the unregulated meter power supply to
the PFMON input, an interrupt can be generated, or the
Low Supply Detected (LSD) Status register bit can be
monitored to indicate low-supply conditions. The
PFMON input has a comparator that trips around the
level of the voltage reference input (VREFIN).
5.1.4 Voltage Reference Input
The CS5464 requires a stable voltage reference of
2.5 V applied to the VREFIN pin. This reference can be
supplied from an external voltage reference or from the
VREFOUT output. A bypass capacitor of at least 0.1 µF
is recommended at the VREFIN pin.
5.1.5 Voltage Reference Output
The CS5464 generates a 2.5 V reference (VREFOUT).
It is suitable for driving the VREFIN pin, but has very little fan-out and is not recommended for driving external
circuits.
DS682F1
C1 = C2 = 22 pF
Figure 6. Oscillator Connections
Alternatively, an external clock source can be connected to the XIN pin.
5.2 Digital Pins
5.2.1 Reset Input
The active-low RESET pin, when asserted, will halt all
CS5464 operations and reset internal hardware registers and states. When de-asserted, an initialization sequence begins, setting default register values.
5.2.2 CPU Clock Output
A logic-level clock output (CPUCLK) is provided at the
crystal frequency to drive an external CPU or microcontroller clock. Two phase choices are available.
5.2.3 Interrupt Output
The INT pin indicates an enabled Internal Status register (Status) bit is set. Status register bits indicate conditions such as data ready, modulator oscillations, low
supply, voltage sag, current faults, numerical overflows,
and result updates.
5.2.4 Energy Pulse Outputs
The CS5464 provides three pins (E1, E2, E3) for pulse
energy outputs. These pins can also be used to output
other conditions, such as voltage sign, power fail monitor, or energy channel in use.
17
CS5464
5.2.5 Serial Interface
The CS5464 provides 5 pins, SCLK, SDI, SDO, CS, and
MODE for communication between a host microcontroller or serial E2PROM and the CS5464.
MODE is an input that, when high, indicates to the
CS5464 that a serial E2PROM is being used instead of
a host microcontroller. It has a weak pull-down allowing
it to be left unconnected if microcontroller mode is used.
SCLK is used to shift and qualify serial data. Serial data
changes as a result of the falling edge of SCLK and is
valid during the rising edge. It is a Schmitt-trigger input
18
for host microcontrollers, and a driven output for serial
E2PROMs.
SDI is the serial data input to the CS5464.
SDO is the serial data output from the CS5464. It’s output drivers are disabled whenever CS is de-asserted, allowing other devices to drive the SDO line.
CS is the chip select input for the serial bus. A high logic
level de-asserts it, tri-stating the SDO pin and clearing
the serial interface. A low logic level enables the serial
port. This pin may be tied low for systems not requiring
multiple SDO drivers. CS is a driven output when interfacing to serial E2PROMs.
DS682F1
CS5464
6. SETTING UP THE CS5464
6.1 Clock Divider
The internal clock to the CS5464 needs to operate
around 4 MHz. However, by using the internal clock divider, a higher crystal frequency can be used. This is important when driving an external microcontroller
requiring a faster clock and using the CPUCLK output.
K is the divide ratio from the crystal input to the internal
clock and is selected with Configuration register (Config) bits K[3:0]. It has a range of 1 to 16. A value of zero
results in a setting of 16.
VHPF
IHPF
Filter Configuration
0
0
No filter on Voltage or Current
0
1
HPF on Current, PMF on Voltage
1
0
HPF on Voltage, PMF on Current
1
1
HPF on Current and Voltage
Table 3. High-pass Filter Configuration
6.2 CPU Clock Inversion
By default, CPUCLK is inverted from XIN. Setting Configuration register bit iCPU removes this inversion. This
can be useful when one phase adds more noise to the
system than the other.
6.3 Interrupt Pin Behavior
The behavior of the INT pin is controlled by the IMODE
and IINV bits in the Configuration register as shown.
IMODE
IINV
0
0
Active-low Level
0
1
Active-high Level
1
0
Low Pulse
1
1
High Pulse
6.6 Cycle Count
Low-rate calculations, such as average power and RMS
voltage and current integrate over several (N) output
word rate (OWR) samples. The duration of this averaging window is set by the Cycle Count (N) register. By default, Cycle Count is set to 4000 (1 second at output
word rate [OWR] of 4000 Hz). The minimum value for
Cycle Count is 10.
6.7 Energy Pulse Outputs
INT Pin
By default, E1 outputs active energy, E3, reactive energy, and E2, the sign of both active and reactive energy.
(See Figure 2. Timing Diagram for E1, E2, and E3 on
page 13.)
Table 1. Interrupt Configuration
If IMODE = 1, the duration of the INT pulse will be two
DCLK cycles, where DCLK = MCLK/K.
6.4 Current Input Gain Ranges
Control register bits I1gain (I2gain) select the input
range of the current inputs.
I1gain, I2gain
Maximum Input
Gain
0
±250 mV
10x
1
±50 mV
50x
Table 2. Current Input Gain Ranges
6.5 High-pass Filters
Mode Control (Modes) register bits VHPF and IHPF activate the HPF in the voltage and current paths, respectively. Each energy channel has separate VHPF and
IHPF bits. When a high-pass filter is enabled in only one
DS682F1
path within a channel, a phase matching filter (PMF) is
applied to the other path within that channel. The PMF
filter matches the amplitude and phase response of the
HPF in the band of interest, but passes DC.
Three pairs of bits in the Mode Control (Modes) register
control the operation of these outputs. These bits are
named
E1MODE[1:0],
E2MODE[1:0],
and
E3MODE[1:0]. Some combinations of these bits override others, so read the following paragraphs carefully.
The E2 pin can output energy sign, apparent energy, or
energy channel in use (1 or 2). Table 4 lists the functions of E2 as controlled by E2MODE[1:0] in the Modes
register.
Note: E2MODE[1:0]=3 is a special mode.
E2MODE1 E2MODE0
E2 output
0
0
Energy Sign
0
1
Apparent Energy
1
0
Channel in Use
1
1
Enable E1MODE
Table 4. E2 Pin Configuration
The E3 pin can output reactive energy, power fail monitor status, voltage sign, or apparent energy. Table 5
19
CS5464
lists the functions of E3 as controlled by E3MODE[1:0]
in the Modes register when E1MODE is not enabled.
E3MODE1 E3MODE0
E3 output
0
0
Reactive Energy
0
1
Power Fail Monitor
1
0
Voltage Sign
1
1
Apparent Energy
Table 5. E3 Pin Configuration
When both E2MODE bits are high, the E1MODE bits
are enabled, allowing active, apparent, reactive, or
wideband reactive energy for both energy channels to
be output on E1 and E2. Table 6 lists the functions of E1
and E2 with E1MODE enabled.
E1MODE1 E1MODE0
E1 / E2 outputs
0
0
Active Energy
0
1
Apparent Energy
1
0
Reactive Energy
1
1
Wideband Reactive
Table 6. E1 / E2 Modes
When E1MODE bits are enabled, the E3 pin outputs either the power fail monitor status, or the sign of the E1
and E2 outputs. Table 7 list the functions of the E3 pin
using E3MODE[1:0] in the Modes register when
E1MODE is enabled .
E3MODE1 E3MODE0
E3 output
0
0
Power Fail Monitor
0
1
Energy Sign
1
0
not used
1
1
not used
Table 7. E3 Pin with E1MODE enabled
6.8 No Load Threshold
The No Load Threshold register (LoadMIN) is used to
zero out the contents of EPULSE and QPULSE registers if
their magnitude is less than the LoadMIN register value.
6.9 Energy Pulse Width
Note: Energy Pulse Width (PulseWidth) only applies to
E1, E2, or E3 pins that are configured to output pulses.
When any are configured to output steady-state signals,
such as voltage sign, energy channel in use, power fail
monitor, or energy sign, pulse widths and output rates
do not apply.
The pulse width time (tpw) in Figure 2, is set by the value
in the PulseWidth register which is an integer multiple of
the sample or output word rate (OWR). At OWR of
4000 Hz (a period of 250 uS) tpw = PulseWidth x 250uS.
By default, PulseWidth is set to 1.
6.10 Energy Pulse Rate
The full-scale pulse frequency of enabled E1, E2, E3
pins is the PulseRate x output word rate (OWR)/2. The
actual pulse frequency is the full-scale pulse frequency
multiplied by the pulse register’s (EPULSE, SPULSE,
QPULSE) value.
Example:
If the output word rate (OWR) is 4000 Hz, and the
PulseRate is set to 0.05, the full-rate pulse frequency is
0.05 x 4000 / 2 = 100 Hz. If the EPULSE register, driving
E1, is 0.4567, the pulse output rate on E1 will be
100 Hz x 0.4567 = 45.67 Hz.
6.11 Voltage Sag/Current Fault Detection
Voltage sag detection is used to determine when averaged voltage falls below a predetermined level for a
specified interval of time. Current fault detection determines when averaged current falls below a predetermined level for a specified interval of time.
The specified interval of time (duration) is set by the value in the V1SagDUR (V2SagDUR) and I1FaultDUR
(I2FaultDUR) registers. Setting any of these to zero (default) disables the detect feature for the given channel.
The value is in output word rate (OWR) samples. The
predetermined level is set by the values in the
V1SagLEVEL
(V2SagLEVEL)
and
I1FaultLEVEL
(I2FaultLEVEL) registers.
Since the values of V1 and V2 come from the same input, only one voltage sag detector is necessary.
20
DS682F1
CS5464
For each enabled input channel, the measured value is
rectified and compared to the associated level register.
Over the duration window, the number of samples
above and below the level are counted. If the number of
samples below the level exceeds the number of samples above, a Status register bit V1SAG (V2SAG),
I1FAULT (I2FAULT) is set, indicating a sag or fault condition. (see Figure 7)..
The application program can change both the scale and
range of Temperature (T) by changing the Temperature
Gain (TGAIN) and Temperature Offset (TOFF) registers.
Two values must be known — the transistor’s ∆VBE per
degree, and the transistor’s VBE at 0 degrees. At the
time of this publication, these values are:
∆VBE (per degree) = 0.2769523 mV/°C or °K
VBE0 = 79.2604368 mV at 0°C
To determine the values to write to TGAIN and TOFF, use
the following formulae:
TGAIN = ADFS / ∆VBE / TFS x 217
TOFF = -VBE0 / ADFS x 223
In the above equations, ADFS is the full-scale input
range of the temperature A/D converter or 833.333 mV
and TFS is the desired full-scale range of the Temperature register. The binary exponents are the bit positions
of the binary point of these registers.
Figure 7. Sag and Fault Detect
6.12 Epsilon
To use the Celsius scale (°C) and cover the chip’s operating temperature range of -40°C to +85°C, the Temperature register range needs to be ±128 degrees. TFS
should be 128 degrees.
The Epsilon register is used to set the gain of the 90°
phase shift used in the quadrature power calculation.
TGAIN = 833.333 / 0.2769523 / 128 x 131072
The value in the Epsilon register is the ratio of the line
frequency to the output word rate (OWR). It is, by default, 50/4000 (0.0125), for 50 Hz line and 4000 Hz
sample (OWR) frequencies.
TOFF = -79.2604368 / 833.333 x 8388608
= -797862 (0xF3D35A)
For 60 Hz line frequency, it is 60/4000 (0.015). Other
output word rates (OWR) can be used.
TGAIN and TOFF can also be used to calibrate the gain
and/or offset of the temperature sensor or A/D converter. (See Section 9. System Calibration on page 39).
Epsilon can also be calculated automatically by the
CS5464 by setting the AFC bit in the Mode Control
(Modes) register. The Frequency Update bit (FUP) in
the Status register is set every time the Epsilon register
has been automatically updated.
6.13 Temperature Measurement
= 3081155 (0x2F03C3)
These are the actual default values for these registers.
To use the Kelvin (°K) scale, simply add 273 times
∆VBE / ADFS x 223 to TOFF since 0°C = 273°K,. You will
also need more range. Since -40°C to +85°C is 233°K
to 358°K, a TFS of 512 degrees should be used in the
TGAIN calculation.
The on-chip temperature sensor is designed to measure temperature and optionally compensate for temperature drift of the voltage reference. It uses the VBE of
a transistor to determine temperature.
To use the Fahrenheit (°F) scale, multiply ∆VBE by 5/9
and add 32 times the new ∆VBE / ADFS x 223 to TOFF
since 0°C = 32°F. You will also want to use a TFS of 256
degrees to cover the -40°C to +85°C range.
Temperature measurements are stored in the Temperature register (T) which, by default, is configured to a
range of ±128 degrees on the Celsius (°C) scale.
The Temperature register (T) updates every 2240 output word rate (OWR) samples. The Status register bit
TUP indicates when T is updated.
DS682F1
21
CS5464
7. USING THE CS5464
7.1 Initialization
The CS5464 uses a power-on-reset circuit (POR) to
provide an internal reset until the analog voltage reaches 4.0 V. The RESET input pin can also be used by the
application circuit to reset the part.
After RESET is removed and the oscillator is stable, an
initialization program is executed to set the default register values.
change. Modes register bit Ichan selects the energy
channel, and is normally driven by the CS5464 program. This affects the pulse registers and pulse energy
outputs. (See figure 8).
The application program can also choose the more appropriate energy channel. Modes register bit Ihold disables automatic selection and Ichan can be driven by
the application. Shown below is the channel selector.
A Software Reset command is also provided to allow
the application to run the initialization program without
removing power or asserting RESET.
The application should avoid sending commands during
initialization. The DRDY bit in the Status register indicates when the initialization program has completed.
7.2 Power-down States
The CS5464 has two power-down states, stand-by and
sleep. In the stand-by state, all circuitry except the voltage reference and crystal oscillator is powered off. In
sleep state, all circuitry except the instruction decoder is
powered off.
To return the device to the active state, send a WakeUp/Halt command to the device. When returning from
stand-by mode, registers will retain their contents prior
to entering the stand-by state. When returning from
sleep mode, a complete initialization occurs.
7.3 Tamper Detection and Correction
The CS5464 provides compensation for at least two
forms of meter tampering. A second current input is provided in the event that the primary input is impaired by
tampering. (See Figure 14 on page 42). An internal
RMS voltage reference is also available in the event that
the voltage input has been compromised by tampering.
Power and energy are calculated for BOTH current inputs (both energy channels). The CS5464 can automatically choose the channel with the greater magnitude.
The register EMIN, (also called IrmsMIN) sets a minimum
level for automatic channel selection, and IchanLEVEL
sets a minimum difference that will allow a channel
22
AVG
AVG
Figure 8. Energy Channel Selection
If the application detects that the voltage input has been
impaired it may choose to use the fixed internal RMS
voltage reference by setting the VFIX bit in the Modes
register. The value of this reference (VFRMS) is by default 0.707107 (full-scale RMS) but can be changed by
the application program. (See figure 9)
Figure 9. Fixed RMS Voltage Selection
DS682F1
CS5464
7.4 Command Interface
Commands and data are transferred most-significant bit
(MSB) first. Figure 1 on page 12, defines the serial port
timing. Commands are clocked in on SDI using SCLK.
They are a single byte (8 bits) long and fall into one of
four basic types:
1. Register Read
2. Register Write
3. Synchronizing
4. Instructions
Register reads will cause up to four bytes of register
data to be clocked out, MSB first on the SDO pin by
SCLK. During this time, other commands can be
clocked in on the SDI pin. Other commands will not interrupt read data, except another register read, which
will cause the new read data to appear on SDO.
Synchronizing can be sent while read data is being
clocked out if no other commands need to be sent.
DS682F1
Synchronizing commands are also used to synchronize
the serial port to a byte boundary. The CS and RESET
pins will also synchronize the serial port.
Register writes require three bytes of write data to follow, clocked in on the SDI pin, MSB first by SCLK.
Instructions are commands that will interrupt any instruction currently executing and begin the new instruction. These include conversions, calibrations, power
control, and soft reset.
(See Section 7.6 Commands on page 24).
7.5 Register Paging
Read and Write commands access one of 32 registers
within a specified page. The Resgister Page Select register’s (Page) default value is 0. To access registers in
another page, write the desired page number to the
Page register. The Page register is always at address
31 and is accessible from within any page.
23
CS5464
7.6 Commands
All commands are 1 byte (8 bits) long. Many command values are unused and should NOT be written by the
application program. All commands except register reads, register writes, or synchronizing commands will
abort any conversion, calibration, or any initialization sequence currently executing. This includes reset. No
commands other than reads or synchronizing should be executed until the reset sequence completes.
7.6.1 Conversion
B7
1
B6
1
B5
1
B4
0
B3
CC
B2
0
B1
0
B0
0
Executes a conversion (measurement) program.
CC
Continuous/Single Conversion
0 = Perform a Single Conversion (0xE0)
1 = Perform Continuous Conversion (0xE8)
7.6.2 Synchronization (SYNC0 and SYNC1)
B7
1
B6
1
B5
1
B4
1
B3
1
B2
1
B1
1
B0
SYNC
The serial interface is bidirectional. While reading data on the SDO output, the SDI input must be receiving
commands. If no command is needed during a read, SYNC0 or SYNC1 commands can be sent while read
data is received on SDO.
The serial port is normally initialized by de-asserting CS. An alternative method of initialization is to send 3 or
more SYNC1 commands followed by a SYNC0. This is useful in systems where CS is not used and tied low.
7.6.3 Power Control (Stand-by, Sleep, Wake-up/Halt and Software Reset)
B7
1
B6
0
B5
S1
B4
S0
B3
0
B2
0
B1
0
B0
0
The CS5464 has two power-down states, stand-by and sleep. In stand-by, all circuitry except the voltage reference and clocks are turned off. In sleep, all circuitry except the command decoder is turned off. A
Wake-up/Halt command restores full-power operation after stand-by and issues a hardware reset after sleep.
The Software Reset command is a program that emulates a pin reset and is not a power control function.
S[1:0]
24
00 = Software Reset
01 = Sleep
10 = Wake-up/Halt
11 = Stand-by
DS682F1
CS5464
7.6.4 Calibration
B7
1
B6
0
B5
CAL5
B4
CAL4
B3
CAL3
B2
CAL2
B1
CAL1
B0
CAL0
The CS5464 can perform gain and offset calibrations using either DC or AC signals. Proper input levels must
be applied to the current inputs and voltage input before performing calibrations.
CAL[5:4]*
00 = DC Offset
01 = DC Gain
10 = AC Offset
11 = AC Gain
CAL[3:0]
0001 = Current for Channel 1
0010 = Voltage for Channel 1
0100 = Current for Channel 2
1000 = Voltage for Channel 2
Note:
Anywhere from 1 to all 4 channels can be calibrated simultaneously. Voltage channels 1 and 2
use the same voltage input. Commands with CAL[5:0] = 0 are not calibrations.
DS682F1
25
CS5464
7.6.5 Register Read and Write
B7
0
B6
W/R
B5
RA4
B4
RA3
B3
RA2
B2
RA1
B1
RA0
B0
0
Read and Write commands provide access to on-chip registers. After a Read command, the addressed data
can be clocked out the SDO pin by SCLK. After a Write command, 24 bits of write data must follow. The data
is transferred to the addressed register after the 24th data bit is received. Registers are organized into pages
of 32 addresses each. To access a desired page, write its number to the Page register at address 31.
W/R
Write/Read control
0 = Read
1 = Write
RA[4:0]
Register address.
Page 0 Registers
Address
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31 R
31 W
RA[4:0]
00000
00001
00010
00011
00100
00101
00110
00111
01000
01001
01010
01011
01100
01101
01110
01111
10000
10001
10010
10011
10100
10101
10110
10111
11000
11001
11010
11011
11100
11101
11110
11111
11111
Name
Config
I1
V1
P1
P1AVG
I1RMS
V1RMS
I2
V2
P2
P2AVG
I2RMS
V2RMS
Q1AVG
Q1
Status
Q2AVG
Q2
I1PEAK
V1PEAK
S1
PF1
I2PEAK
V2PEAK
S2
PF2
Mask
T
Ctrl
EPULSE
SPULSE
QPULSE
Page
Description
Configuration
Instantaneous Current Channel 1
Instantaneous Voltage Channel 1
Instantaneous Power Channel 1
Active Power Channel 1
RMS Current Channel 1
RMS Voltage Channel 1
Instantaneous Current Channel 2
Instantaneous Voltage Channel 2
Instantaneous Power Channel 2
Active Power Channel 2
RMS Current Channel 2
RMS Voltage Channel 2
Reactive Power Channel 1
Instantaneous Quadrature Power Channel 1
Internal Status
Reactive Power Channel 2
Instantaneous Quadrature Power Channel 2
Peak Current Channel 1
Peak Voltage Channel 1
Apparent Power Channel 1
Power Factor Channel 1
Peak Current Channel 2
Peak Voltage Channel 2
Apparent Power Channel 2
Power Factor Channel 2
Interrupt Mask
Temperature
Control
Active Energy Pulse Output
Apparent Energy Pulse Output
Reactive Energy Pulse Output
Register Page Select
Warning: Do not write to unpublished register locations.
26
DS682F1
CS5464
Page1 Registers
Address
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
31 W
RA[4:0]
00000
00001
00010
00011
00100
00101
00110
00111
01000
01001
01010
01011
01100
01101
01110
01111
10000
10001
10010
10011
10100
10101
10110
10111
11000
11001
11010
11011
11100
11101
11111
Name
I1OFF
I1GAIN
V1OFF
V1GAIN
P1OFF
I1ACOFF
V1ACOFF
I2OFF
I2GAIN
V2OFF
V2GAIN
P2OFF
I2ACOFF
V2ACOFF
PulseWidth
PulseRate
Modes
Epsilon
IchanLEVEL
N
Q1WB
Q2WB
TGAIN
TOFF
EMIN (IrmsMIN)
TSETTLE
LoadMIN
VFRMS
G
Time
Page
Description
Current DC Offset Channel 1
Current Gain Channel 1
Voltage DC Offset Channel 1
Voltage Gain Channel 1
Power Offset Channel 1
Current AC (RMS) Offset Channel 1
Voltage AC (RMS) Offset Channel 1
Current DC Offset Channel 2
Current Gain Channel 2
Voltage DC Offset Channel 2
Voltage Gain Channel 2
Power Offset Channel 2
Current AC (RMS) Offset Channel 2
Voltage AC (RMS) Offset Channel 2
Pulse Output Width
Pulse Output Rate (frequency)
Mode Control
Ratio of Line to Sample Frequency
Irms or E Channel Select Trip Level
Cycle Count (Number of OWR Samples in One Low-rate Interval)
Wideband Reactive Power from Power Triangle Channel 1
Wideband Reactive Power from Power Triangle Channel 2
Temperature Sensor Gain
Temperature Sensor Offset
Energy Channel Selector Minimum Operating Level
Filter Settling Time for Conversion Startup
No Load Threshold
Voltage RMS Fixed Reference
System Gain
System Time (in samples)
Register Page Select
Name
V1SagDUR
V1SagLEVEL
I1FaultDUR
I1FaultLEVEL
V2SagDUR
V2SagLEVEL
I2FaultDUR
I2FaultLEVEL
Page
Description
V Sag Duration Channel 1
V Sag Level Channel 1
I Fault Duration Channel 1
I Fault Level Channel 1
V Sag Duration Channel 2
V Sag Level Channel 2
I Fault Duration Channel 2
I Fault Level Channel 2
Register Page Select
Page2 Registers
Address
0
1
4
5
8
9
12
13
31 W
RA[4:0]
00000
00001
00100
00101
01000
01001
01100
01101
11111
Warning: Do not write to unpublished register locations.
DS682F1
27
CS5464
8. REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS
1. “Default” = bit states after power-on or reset
2. DO NOT write a “1” to any unpublished register bit.
3. DO NOT write to any unpublished register address.
8.1 Page Register
8.1.1 Page – Address: 31, Write-only, can be written from ANY page.
MSB
LSB
26
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
1
2
20
Default = 0
Register Read and Write commands contain only 5 address bits. But the internal address bus of the CS5464 is
12 bits wide. Therefore, registers are organized into “Pages”. There are 128 pages of 32 registers each. The
Page register provides the 7 high-order address bits and selects one of the 128 register pages. Not all pages
are used,
Page is a write-only integer containing 7 bits.
8.2 Page 0 Registers
8.2.1 Configuration (Config) – Address: 0
23
PC7
22
PC6
21
PC5
20
PC4
19
PC3
18
PC2
17
PC1
16
PC0
15
EWA
14
-
13
-
12
IMODE
11
IINV
10
-
9
-
8
-
7
-
6
-
5
-
4
iCPU
3
K3
2
K2
1
K1
0
K0
Default = 1 (K=1)
28
PC[7:0]
Phase compensation for channel 1. Sets a delay in voltage, relative to current. Phase is signed
and in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0 sample (OWR) intervals.
EWA
Allows the E1 and E2 pins to be configured as open-drain outputs.
0 = Normal Outputs
1 = Open-drain Outputs
IMODE, IINV
Interrupt configuration. Selects INT pin behavior.
00 = Low Logic Level When Asserted
01 = High Logic Level When Asserted
10 = Low-going Pulse on New Interrupt
11 = High-going Pulse on New Interrupt
iCPU
Inverts the CPUCLK output.
0 = Default
1 = Invert CPUCLK.
K[3:0]
Clock divider. Divides MCLK by K to generate internal clock DCLK. (DCLK = MCLK/K). K is
unsigned and in the range of 1 to 16. When zero, K = 16. At reset, K = 1.
DS682F1
CS5464
8.2.2 Instantaneous Current (I1, I2), Voltage (V1, V2), and Power (P1, P2)
Address: 1 (I1), 2 (V1), 3 (P2), 7 (I2), 8 (V2), 9 (P2)
MSB
0
-(2 )
LSB
2
-1
2
-2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
2
.....
2-17
2
-18
2
-19
2
-20
2
-21
2
-22
2-23
I1 (I2) and V1 (V2) contain instantaneous current and voltage, respectively, which are multiplied to yield instantaneous power, P1 (P2). These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the
binary point to the right of the MSB.
8.2.3 Active Power (P1AVG , P2AVG )
Address: 4 (P1AVG), 10 (P2AVG)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Instantaneous power is averaged over each low-rate interval (N samples) to compute active power, P1AVG
(P2AVG). These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the
right of the MSB.
8.2.4 RMS Current (I1RMS, I2RMS ) and Voltage (V1RMS, V2RMS )
Address: 5 (I1RMS), 6 (V1RMS), 11 (I2RMS), 12 (V2RMS)
MSB
2-1
LSB
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
.....
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
2-24
I1RMS (I2RMS) and V1RMS (V2RMS) contain the root mean square (RMS) values of I1 (I2) and V1 (V2), calculated each low-rate interval. These are unsigned values in the range of 0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point
to the left of the MSB.
8.2.5 Instantaneous Quadrature Power (Q1, Q2)
Address: 14 (Q1), 17 (Q2)
MSB
-(2
0)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Instantaneous quadrature power, Q1 (Q2), the product of voltage1 (voltage2) shifted 90 degrees and current1
(current2). These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the
right of the MSB.
8.2.6 Reactive Power (Q1AVG, Q2AVG )
Address: 13 (Q1AVG), 16 (Q2AVG)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Reactive power Q1AVG (Q2AVG) is Q1 (Q2) averaged over every N samples. These are two's complement
values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB.
DS682F1
29
CS5464
8.2.7 Peak Current (I1PEAK, I2PEAK ) and Peak Voltage (V1PEAK, V2PEAK )
Address: 18 (I1PEAK), 19 (V1PEAK), 22 (I2PEAK), 23 (V2PEAK)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Peak current, I1PEAK (I2PEAK) and peak voltage, V1PEAK (V2PEAK) are the instantaneous current and voltage
samples with the greatest magnitude detected during the last low-rate interval. These are two's complement
values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB.
8.2.8 Apparent Power (S1, S2)
Address: 20 (S1), 24 (S2)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Apparent power S1 (S2) is the product of V1RMS and I1RMS (V2RMS and I2RMS), These are two's complement
values in the range of 0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB.
8.2.9 Power Factor (PF1, PF2)
Address: 21 (PF1), 25 (PF2)
MSB
-(20)
2-1
LSB
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Power factor is calculated by dividing active power by apparent power. The sign is determined by the active
power sign. These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the
right of the MSB.
8.2.10 Temperature (T) – Address: 27
MSB
-(27)
LSB
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
.....
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-13
2-14
2-15
2-16
T contains results from the on-chip temperature measurement. By default, T uses the Celsius scale, and is a
two's complement value in the range of -128.0 ≤ value < 128.0 (oC), with the binary point to the right of bit 16.
T can be rescaled by the application using the TGAIN and TOFF registers.
8.2.11 Active, Apparent, and Reactive Energy Pulse Outputs (EPULSE, SPULSE, QPULSE )
Address: 29 (EPULSE), 30 (SPULSE), 31 (QPULSE)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
These drive the pulse outputs when configured to do so. If the Ichan bit in Modes is “0”, these registers are
driven from P1AVG, S1, and Q1AVG, respectively. If the Ichan bit is “1”, these registers are driven from P2AVG,
S2, and Q2AVG, respectively. These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the
binary point to the right of the MSB.
30
DS682F1
CS5464
8.2.12 Internal Status (Status) and Interrupt Mask (Mask)
Address: 15 (Status); 26 (Mask)
23
DRDY
22
I2OR
21
V2OR
20
CRDY
19
I2ROR
18
V2ROR
17
I1OR
16
V1OR
15
E2OR
14
I1ROR
13
V1ROR
12
E1OR
11
I1FAULT
10
V1SAG
9
I2FAULT
8
V2SAG
7
TUP
6
TOD
5
I2OD
4
VOD
3
I1OD
2
LSD
1
FUP
0
IC
Default =
1 (Status), 0 (Mask)
The Status register indicates a variety of conditions within the chip. Writing a '1' to a Status register bit will clear
that bit if the condition that set it has been removed. Writing a '0' to any bit has no effect.
The Mask register is used to control the activation of the INT pin. Placing a logic '1' to a Mask register bit will
allow the corresponding Status register bit to activate the INT pin when set.
DRDY
Data Ready. During conversion, this bit indicates that low-rate results have been updated.
It indicates completion of other commands and the reset sequence.
I1OR (I2OR)
Current Out of Range. Set when the measured current would cause the I1 (I2) register to
overflow.
V1OR (V2OR)
Voltage Out of Range. Set when the measured voltage would cause the V1 (V2) register to
overflow.
CRDY
Conversion Ready. Indicates that sample rate (output word rate) results have been updated.
I1ROR (I2ROR)
RMS Current Out of Range. Set when RMS current would cause the I1RMS (I2RMS) register
to overflow.
V1ROR (V2ROR)
RMS Voltage Out of Range. Set when RMS voltage would cause the V1RMS (V2RMS) register to overflow.
E1OR (E2OR)
Energy Out of Range. Set when average power would cause P1AVG (P2AVG) to overflow.
I1FAULT (I2FAULT)Indicates when a current fault condition has occurred.
V1SAG (V2SAG)
Indicates when a voltage sag condition has occurred.
TUP
Indicates when the Temperature register (T) has been updated.
TOD
Modulator oscillation has been detected in the temperature A/D.
VOD
Modulator oscillation has been detected in the voltage A/D.
I1OD (I2OD)
Modulator oscillation has been detected in the current1 (current2) A/D.
LSD
Low Supply Detect. Set when the voltage on the PFMON pin falls below the specified low
level. LSD bit cannot be reset until the voltage rises above the specified high level.
FUP
Frequency Updated. Indicates the Epsilon register has been updated.
IC
Invalid Command. Normally logic 1. Set to 0 when an invalid command is received. It may
also indicate loss of serial command synchronization and the part may need to be re-initialized.
DS682F1
31
CS5464
8.2.13 Control (Ctrl) – Address: 28
23
PC7
22
PC6
21
PC5
20
PC4
19
PC3
18
PC2
17
PC1
16
PC0
15
-
14
-
13
-
12
I2gain
11
-
10
-
9
-
8
STOP
7
-
6
-
5
I1gain
4
INTOD
3
-
2
NOCPU
1
NOOSC
0
-
Default = 0
PC[7:0]
Phase compensation for channel 2. Sets a delay in voltage relative to current. Phase is signed
and in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0 sample (OWR) intervals.
I1gain (I2gain) Sets the gain of the current1 (current2) input.
0 = Gain is set for ±250mV range.
1 = Gain is set for ±50mV range.
32
STOP
Terminates E2PROM command sequence (if used).
0 = No Action
1 = Stop E2PROM Commands.
INTOD
Converts INT output pin to an open drain output.
0 = Normal Output
1 = Open-drain Output
NOCPU
Saves power by disabling the CPUCLK output pin.
0 = CPUCLK Enabled
1 = CPUCLK Disabled
NOOSC
Disables the crystal oscillator, making XIN a logic-level input.
0 = Crystal Oscillator Enabled
1 = Crystal Oscillator Disabled
DS682F1
CS5464
8.3 Page 1 Registers
8.3.1 DC Offset for Current (I1OFF , I2OFF ) and Voltage (V1OFF , V2OFF )
Address: 0 (I1OFF), 2 (V1OFF), 7 (I2OFF), 9 (V2OFF)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0
DC offset registers I1OFF & V1OFF (I2OFF & V2OFF) are initialized to zero on reset. During DC offset calibration,
selected registers are written with the inverse of the DC offset measured. The application program can also write
the DC offset register values. These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the
binary point to the right of the MSB.
8.3.2 Gain for Current (I1GAIN , I2GAIN ) and Voltage (V1GAIN , V2GAIN )
Address: 1 (I1GAIN), 3 (V1GAIN), 8 (I2GAIN), 10 (V2GAIN)
MSB
LSB
21
20
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
.....
2-16
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
Default = 1.0
Gain registers I1GAIN & V1GAIN (I2GAIN & V2GAIN) are initialized to 1.0 on reset. During AC or DC gain calibration,
selected register are written with the multiplicative inverse of the gain measured. These are unsigned fixed-point
values in the range of 0 ≤ value < 4.0, with the binary point to the right of the second MSB.
8.3.3 Power Offset (P1OFF , P2OFF )
Address: 4 (P1OFF ), 11 (P2OFF )
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0
Power offset P1OFF (P2OFF) is added to instantaneous power and averaged over a low-rate interval to yield
P1AVG (P2AVG) register results. It can be used to reduce systematic energy errors. These are two's complement
values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB.
8.3.4 AC Offset for Current (I1ACOFF , I2ACOFF ) and Voltage (V1ACOFF , V2ACOFF )
Address: 5 (I1ACOFF), 6 (V1ACOFF), 12 (I2ACOFF), 13 (V2ACOFF)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2
-1
2
-2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
2
.....
2-17
2
-18
2
-19
2
-20
2
-21
2
-22
2-23
Default = 0
AC offset registers I1ACOFF & V1ACOFF (VACOFF & V2ACOFF) are initialized to zero on reset. These are added to
the RMS results before being stored to the RMS result registers. They can be used to reduce systematic errors
in the RMS results. These are two's complement values in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point
to the right of the MSB.
DS682F1
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CS5464
8.3.5 Mode Control (Modes) – Address: 16
23
Ichan
22
VFIX
21
-
20
-
19
-
18
-
17
-
16
-
15
IvsE
14
E1MODE1
13
E1MODE0
12
Ihold
11
-
10
E2MODE1
9
E2MODE0
8
VHPF2
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IHPF2
VHPF1
IHPF1
-
E3MODE1
E3MODE0
POS
AFC
Default = 0
Ichan
Chooses an energy channel to drive the EPULSE, SPULSE, and QPULSE registers.
0 = Pulse registers driven by energy channel 1.
1 = Pulse registers driven by energy channel 2.
VFIX
Use internal RMS voltage reference instead of voltage input for average active power.
0 = Use voltage input.
1 = Use Internal RMS voltage reference, VFRMS.
IvsE
Use IRMS results instead of PAVG for energy channel selection
0 = Use P1AVG and P2AVG instead of I1RMS and I2RMS.
1 = Use I1RMS and I2RMS instead of P1AVG and P2AVG.
E1MODE[1:0]
E1, E2, and E3 alternate Output Mode (when enabled by E2MODE)
00 = E1, E2 = P1AVG, P2AVG
01 = E1, E2 = S1, S2
10 = E1, E2 = Q1AVG, Q2AVG
11 = E1, E2 = Q1WB, Q2WB
Ihold
Suspends automatic channel selection.
0 = Channel selected automatically by magnitude compare.
1 = Channel selected by application (host).
E2MODE[1:0]
E2 Output Mode
00 = Energy Sign
01 = Apparent Energy
10 = Channel In Use
11 = Enable E1MODE
VHPF2:IHPF2 High-pass Filter Enable for Energy Channel 2
00 = No Filter
01 = HPF on Current, PMF on Voltage
10 = HPF on Voltage, PMF on Current
11 = HPF on both Voltage and Current
VHPF1:IHPF1 High-pass Filter Enable for Energy Channel1
00 = No Filter
01 = HPF on Current, PMF on Voltage
10 = HPF on Voltage, PMF on Current
11 = HPF on both Voltage and Current
E3MODE[1:0]
34
E3 Output Mode (with E1MODE disabled)
00 = Reactive Energy (default)
01 = Power Fail Monitor
10 = Voltage Sign
11 = Apparent Energy
DS682F1
CS5464
E3MODE[1:0]
E3 Output Mode (with E1MODE enabled)
00 = Power Fail Monitor
01 = Energy Sign
10 = not used
11 = not used
POS
Positive Energy Only. Suppresses negative values in P1AVG and P2AVG. If a negative value is
calculated, zero will be stored instead.
AFC
Enables automatic line frequency measurement which sets Epsilon every time a new line frequency measurement completes. Epsilon is used to control the gain of the 90 degree phase
shift integrator used in quadrature power calculations.
8.3.6 Line to Sample Frequency Ratio (Epsilon) – Address: 17
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0.0125 (4.0 kHz x 0.0125 or 50 Hz)
Epsilon is the ratio of the input line frequency to the output word rate (OWR). It can either be written by the application program or calculated automatically from the line frequency (from the voltage input) using the AFC bit
in the Modes register. It is a two's complement value in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to
the right of the MSB. Negative values are not used.
8.3.7 Pulse Output Width (PulseWidth) – Address: 14
MSB
0
LSB
222
221
220
219
218
217
216
.....
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Default = 1 (250 uS at OWR = 4 kHz)
PulseWidth sets the duration of energy pulses. The actual pulse duration is the contents of PulseWidth divided
by the output word rate (OWR). PulseWidth is an integer in the range of 1 to 8,388,607.
8.3.8 Pulse Output Rate (PulseRate) – Address: 15
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default= -1
PulseRate sets the full-scale frequency for E1, E2, E3 pulse outputs. For a 4 kHz sample rate, the maximum
pulse rate is 2 kHz. This is a two's complement value in the range of -1 ≤ value < 1, with the binary point to the
left of the MSB.
Refer to 6.10 Energy Pulse Rate on page 20 for more information.
DS682F1
35
CS5464
8.3.9 Cycle Count (N) – Address: 19
MSB
LSB
22
0
2
21
2
20
2
19
2
18
2
2
17
2
16
.....
26
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
20
2
Default = 4000
Determines the number of output word rate (OWR) samples to use in calculating low-rate results. Cycle Count
(N) is an integer in the range of 10 to 8,388,607. Values less than 10 should not be used.
8.3.10 Channel Select Level (Ichanlevel ) – Address: 18
MSB
20
LSB
2
-1
2
-2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
2
.....
2-17
2
-18
2
-19
2
-20
2
-21
2
-22
2-23
Default = 1.02 (minimum difference = 2%)
Sets the hysteresis level for energy channel selection. If the most positive value of P1AVG and P2AVG (I1RMS
and I2RMS) is greater than IchanLEVEL multiplied by the least-positive value, and is also greater than
IchanMIN, the channel associated with the most-positive value will be used. If not, the previous channel
selection will remain. IchanLEVEL is an unsigned fixed-point value in the range of 0 ≤ value < 2.0, with the binary point to the left of the MSB. A value of 1.0 or less indicates no hysteresis will be used.
8.3.11 Channel Select Minimum Amplitude (EMIN or IrmsMIN ) – Address: 24
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0.003
Sets the minimum level for energy channel selection. If the most positive value of P1AVG and P2AVG (I1RMS and
I2RMS) is less than IchanMIN then the previous channel selection will remain in use. It is a two's complement
value in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB. Negative values are not
used.
8.3.12 Wideband Reactive Power (Q1WB , Q2WB )
Address: 20 (Q1WB), 21 (Q2WB)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Wideband reactive power is calculated using vector subtraction. (See Section 4.8 Power and Energy Results
on page 16). The value is signed, but has a range of 0 ≤ value < 1.0. The binary point is to the right of the MSB.
36
DS682F1
CS5464
8.3.13 Temperature Gain (TGAIN ) – Address: 22
MSB
2
LSB
6
2
5
2
4
2
3
2
2
1
2
0
2
-1
2
.....
2-11
2
-12
2
-13
2
-19
2
-14
2
-20
2
-15
2
-21
2
-16
2
-22
2-17
Default = 0x2F02C3
Refer to 6.13 Temperature Measurement on page 21 for more information.
8.3.14 Temperature Offset (TOFF ) – Address: 23
MSB
-(20
)
LSB
2
-1
2
-2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
2
.....
2-17
2
-18
2-23
Default = 0xF3D35A
Refer to 6.13 Temperature Measurement on page 21 for more information.
8.3.15 Filter Settling Time for Conversion Startup (TSETTLE ) – Address: 25
MSB
223
LSB
222
221
220
219
218
217
216
.....
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Default = 30
Sets the number of output word rate (OWR) samples that will be used to allow filters to settle at the beginning
of Conversion and Calibration commands. This is an integer in the range of 0 to 8,388,607 samples.
8.3.16 No Load Threshold (LoadMIN) – Address 26
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0
LoadMIN is used to set the no load threshold. When the magnitude of the EPULSE register is less than LoadMIN,
EPULSE will be zeroed. If the magnitude of the QPULSE register is less than LoadMIN, Qpulse will be zeroed.
LoadMIN is a two’s compliment value in the range of -1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the
MSB. Negative values are not used.
8.3.17 Voltage Fixed RMS Reference (VFRMS) – Address 27
MSB
-(20
)
LSB
2
-1
2
-2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
-7
2
.....
2-17
2
-18
2
-19
2
-20
2
-21
2
-22
2-23
Default = 0.7071068 (full scale RMS)
If the application program detects that the meter has possibly been tampered with in such a manner that the
voltage input is no longer working, it may choose to use this internal RMS reference instead of the disabled voltage input by setting the VFIX bit in the Modes register. This is a two's complement value in the range of
0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB. Negative values are not used.
DS682F1
37
CS5464
8.3.18 System Gain (G) – Address: 28
MSB
1
-(2 )
LSB
2
0
2
-1
-2
2
-3
2
-4
2
-5
2
-6
2
.....
2-16
2
-17
2
-18
2
-19
2
-20
2
-21
2-22
Default = 1.25
System Gain (G) is applied to all channels. By default, G = 1.25, but can be finely adjusted to compensate for
voltage reference error. It is a two's complement value in the range of -2.0 ≤ value < 2.0, with the binary point to
the right of the second MSB. Values should be kept within 5% of 1.25.
8.3.19 System Time (Time) – Address: 29
MSB
223
LSB
222
221
220
219
218
217
216
.....
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Default = 0
System Time (Time) is measured in output word rate (OWR) samples. This is an unsigned integer in the range
of 0 to 16,777,215 samples. At 4.0 kHz, OWR it will overflow every 1 hour, 9 minutes, and 54 seconds. Time
can be used by the application to manage real-time events.
8.4 Page 2 Registers
8.4.1 Voltage Sag and Current Fault Duration (V1SagDUR , V2SagDUR , I1FaultDUR , I2FaultDUR )
Address: 0 (V1SagDUR), 8 (V2SagDUR), 4 (I1FaultDUR), 12 (I2FaultDUR)
MSB
0
LSB
222
221
220
219
218
217
216
.....
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Default = 0
Voltage sag duration, V1SagDUR (V2SagDUR) and current fault duration, I1FaultDUR (I2FaultDUR) determine the
count of output word rate (OWR) samples utilized to determine a sag or fault event. These are integers in the
range of 0 to 8,388,607 samples. A value of zero disables the feature.
8.4.2 Voltage Sag and Current Fault Level (V1SagLEVEL , V2SagLEVEL , I1FaultLEVEL , I2FaultLEVEL )
Address: 1 (V1SagLEVEL), 9 (V2SagLEVEL), 5 (I1FaultLEVEL), 13 (I2FaultLEVEL)
MSB
-(20)
LSB
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
.....
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
Default = 0
Voltage sag level, V1SagLEVEL (V2SagLEVEL) and current fault level, I1FaultLEVEL (I2FaultLEVEL) establish an
input level below which a sag or fault is triggered These are two's complement values in the range of
-1.0 ≤ value < 1.0, with the binary point to the right of the MSB. Negative values are not used.
38
DS682F1
CS5464
9. SYSTEM CALIBRATION
9.1 Calibration
The CS5464 provides DC offset and gain calibration
that can be applied to the voltage and current measurements, and AC offset calibration which can be applied to
the voltage and current RMS calculations.
External
Connections
+
+
AIN+
0V +-
Since the voltage and current channels have independent offset and gain registers, offset and gain calibration can be performed on any channel independently.
XGAIN
-
CM +-
AIN-
The data flow of the calibration is shown in Figure 10.
The CS5464 must be operating in its active state and
ready to accept valid commands. Refer to 7.6 Commands on page 24.
Figure 11. System Calibration of Offset
9.1.1.1 DC Offset Calibration
The value in the Cycle Count register (N) determines
the number of output word rate (OWR) samples that are
averaged during a calibration. DC offset and gain calibrations take at least N + TSETTLE samples. AC offset
calibrations take at least 6(N) + TSETTLE samples. As N
is increased, the accuracy of calibration results tends to
also increase.
The DC Offset Calibration command measures and averages DC values read on specified voltage or current
channels at zero input and stores the inverse result in
the associated offset registers. This will be added to instantaneous measurements in subsequent conversions, removing the offset.
Gain registers for channels being calibrated should be
set to 1.0 prior to performing DC offset calibration.
The DRDY bit in the Status register will be set at the
completion of Calibration commands. If an overflow occurs during calibration, other Status register bits may be
set as well.
9.1.1.2 AC Offset Calibration
The AC Offset Calibration command measures the residual RMS values read on specified voltage or current
channels at zero input and stores the inverse result in
the associated AC offset registers. This will be added to
RMS measurements in subsequent conversions, removing the offset.
9.1.1 Offset Calibration
During offset calibrations, no line voltage or current
should be applied to the meter. A zero-volt differential
signal can also be applied to the voltage inputs VIN± or
current inputs IIN1± (IIN2±) of the CS5464.
(see Figure 11.)
AC offset registers for channels being calibrated should
first be cleared prior to performing the calibration.
V1, I1, V2, I2
In
Modulator
Filter
Σ
N
+
X
X
I1DCOFF, V1DCOFF, I1GAIN, V1GAIN,
I2DCOFF, V2DCOFF I2GAIN, V2GAIN
DC Offset AC Gain
÷ N
√
+
+
+
RMS
I1RMS, V1RMS,
I2RMS, V2RMS
I1ACOFF, V1ACOFF,
I2ACOFF, V2ACOFF
Σ
N
AC Offset
DC Gain
1
DCAVG
÷N
Negate
DC AVG
Negate
0.6
RMS
= READABLE/WRITABLE REGISTERS.
Figure 10. Calibration Data Flow
DS682F1
39
CS5464
9.1.2 Gain Calibration
During gain calibration, a full-scale reference signal
must be applied to the meter or optionally, scaled to the
VIN±, IIN1± (IIN2±) pins of the CS5464. A DC reference
must be used for DC gain calibration. Either an AC or
DC reference can be used for RMS AC calibrations. If
DC is used, the associated high-pass filter (HPF) must
be off.
Figure 12 shows the basic setup for gain calibration.
External
Connections
R eference
+
Signal
-
IN+
+
+
CM
+
-
IN-
-
Figure 12. System Calibration of Gain.
Using a reference that is too large or too small can
cause an over-range condition during calibration. Either
condition can set Status register bits I1OR (I2OR)
V1OR (V2OR) for DC and I1ROR (I2ROR) V1ROR
(V2ROR) for AC calibration.
Full scale (FS) for the voltage input is ±250mV peak and
for the current inputs is ±250mV or ±50mV peak depending on selected gain range. The normal peak voltage applied to these pins should not exceed these
levels during calibration or normal operation.
The range of the gain registers limits the gain calibration
range and subsequently the range of the reference level
that can be applied. The reference should not exceed
FS or be lower than FS/4.
9.1.2.1 AC Gain Calibration
Full scale for AC RMS gain calibrations is 60% of the input’s full-scale range, which is either 250mV or 50mV
depending on the gain range selected. That’s 150mV or
30mV, again depending on range. So the normal reference input level should be either 150 or 30 mVRMS, AC
or DC.
Prior to executing an AC Gain Calibration command,
gain registers for any channel to be calibrated should be
set to 1.0 if the reference level mentioned above is
used, or to that level divided by the actual reference level used.
40
9.1.2.2 DC Gain Calibration
With a DC reference applied, the DC Gain Calibration
command measures and averages DC values read on
the specified voltage or current channels and stores the
reciprocal result in the associated gain registers, converting measured voltage into needed gain. Subsequent conversions will use the new gain value.
9.1.3 Calibration Order
1. DC offset.
XG AIN
-
During AC gain calibration the RMS level of the applied
reference is measured with the preset gain, then divided
into 0.6 and the quotient stored back into the corresponding gain register.
2. DC or AC gain.
3. AC offset (if needed).
If both AC gain and offset calibrations were performed,
it is possible to repeat both to obtain additional accuracy
as AC gain and offset may interact.
9.1.4 Temperature Sensor Calibration
Temperature sensor calibration involves the adjustment
of two parameters - ∆VBE and VBE0. These values must
be known in order to calibrate the temperature sensor.
See Section 6.13 Temperature Measurement on page
21 for an explanation of ∆VBE and VBE0 and how to calculate TGAIN and TOFF register values from them.
9.1.4.1 Temperature Offset Calibration
Offset calibration can be done at any temperature, but
should be done mid-scale if any gain error exists.
Subtract the measured T register temperature from the
actual temperature to determine the offset error. Multiply this error by ∆VBE and add it to VBE0 to yield a new
VBE0 value. Recalculate TOFF using this new value.
9.1.4.2 Temperature Gain Calibration
Two temperature points far enough apart to give reasonable accuracy, for example 25°C and 85°C, are required to calibrate temperature gain.
Divide the actual temperature difference by the measured (T register) difference for the two temperatures.
This gives a gain correction factor. Update the TGAIN
register by multiplying it’s value by this correction factor.
Update ∆VBE by dividing its old value by the gain correction factor. It will be needed for subsequent offset
calibrations.
DS682F1
CS5464
10.E2PROM OPERATION
The CS5464 can accept commands from a serial
E2PROM connected to the serial interface instead of a
host microcontroller. A high level (logic 1) on the MODE
input indicates that an E2PROM is connected. This
makes the CS and SCLK pins become driven outputs.
After reset and after running the initialization program,
the CS5464 begins reading commands from the connected E2PROM.
10.1 E2PROM Configuration
10.2 E2PROM Code
The EEPROM code should do the following:
1. Set any Configuration or Control register bits, such as
HPF enables and phase compensation settings.
2. Write any calibration data to gain and offset registers.
3. Set energy output pulse width, rate, and formats.
4. Execute a Continuous Conversion command.
5. Set the STOP bit in the Control register (last).
A typical connection between the CS5464 and a
E2PROM is shown in Figure 13.
Below is an example E2PROM code set.
-7E 00 00 01
Change to page 1.
-60 00 01 E0
Write Modes Register, turn high-pass filters on.
-42 7F C4 A9
Write value of 0x7FC4A9 to I1GAIN register.
-46 FF B2 53
Write value of 0xFFB253 to V1GAIN register.
-50 7F C4 A9
Write value of 0x7FC4A9 to I2GAIN register.
-54 FF B2 53
Write value of 0xFFB253 to V2GAIN register.
-7E 00 00 00
Change to page 0.
-74 00 00 04
Set LSD bit to 1 in the Mask register.
-E8
Start continuous conversions
-78 00 01 00
Write STOP bit to the Control register (Ctrl) to
terminate E2PROM command sequence.
The CS5464 asserts CS (logic 0), clocks SCLK, and
sends Read commands to the E2PROM on SDO.
Command format is identical to microcontroller mode,
except the CS5464 will not attempt to write to the EE device. The command sequence stops when the STOP bit
in the Control register (Ctrl) is written by the command
sequence.
VD
+
E1
E2
5K
Pulse Output
Counter
EEPROM
CS5464
SCK
SCLK
SO
SDI
SDO
MODE
5K
CS
SI
CS
Connector to Calibrator
Figure 13. Typical Interface of E2PROM to CS5464
Figure 13 also shows the external connections that
would be made to a calibration device, such as a notebook computer, handheld calibrator, or tester during
meter assembly, The calibrator or tester can be used to
control the CS5464 during calibration and program the
required values into the E2PROM.
10.3 Which E2PROMs Can Be Used?
Several industry-standard serial E2PROMs can be used
with the CS5464. Some are listed below:
•
•
•
Atmel AT25010, AT25020 or AT25040
National Semiconductor NM25C040M8 or NM25020M8
Xicor X25040SI
These serial E2PROMs expect a specific 8-bit command (00000011) in order to perform a memory read.
The CS5464 has been hardware programmed to transmit this 8-bit command to the E2PROM after reset.
DS682F1
41
CS5464
11. BASIC APPLICATION CIRCUITS
Figure 14 shows the CS5464 configured to measure
power in a single-phase, 2-wire system while operating
in a single-supply configuration. In this diagram, a shunt
resistor is used to sense the line current and a voltage
divider is used to sense the line voltage. In this type of
shunt-resistor configuration, the common-mode level of
the CS5464 must be referenced to the line side of the
power line. This means that the common-mode potential of the CS5464 will track the high-voltage levels, as
well as low-voltage levels, with respect to earth ground.
Isolation circuitry is required when an earth-ground-referenced communication interface is connected. A current transformer (CT) is connected to the return line
current, which implements the tamper detection circuit.
10 kW
5 kW
L2
LINE
VOLTAGE
L1
500 W
500 W
10 W
470µF
1uF
0.1µF
0.1 µF
3
VD+
18
VA+
CS5464
9
C V+
CVdiff
R1
10
19
R I-
VIN-
RESET
C Idiff
C I+
R I+
20
R I-
15
½ R Burden
C I-
½ R Burden
C I+
XIN
IIN+
IIN2-
C Idiff
16
23
7
CS
27
SDI
6
SDO
5
SCLK
24
INT
26
E2
25
E1
12
11
VREFIN
VREFOUT
Serial
Data
Interface
Pulse Output
Counter
IIN2+
RI+
LOAD
Optional
Clock
Source
28
IIN-
C I-
R Shunt
CT
4.096 MHz
CV-
R V-
ISOLATION
(Optional)
R2
VIN+
21
PFMON
2
CPUCLK
1
XOUT
13
TEST1
14
TEST2
0.1µF
AGND
17
DGND
4
Figure 14. Typical Connection Diagram (Single-phase, 2-wire – Direct Connect to Power Line)
42
DS682F1
CS5464
12. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
28L SSOP PACKAGE DRAWING
N
D
E11
A2
E
e
b2
SIDE VIEW
A
∝
A1
L
END VIEW
SEATING
PLANE
1 2 3
TOP VIEW
DIM
A
A1
A2
b
D
E
E1
e
L
∝
MIN
-0.002
0.064
0.009
0.390
0.291
0.197
0.022
0.025
0°
INCHES
NOM
-0.006
0.069
-0.4015
0.307
0.209
0.026
0.0354
4°
MAX
0.084
0.010
0.074
0.015
0.413
0.323
0.220
0.030
0.041
8°
MIN
-0.05
1.62
0.22
9.90
7.40
5.00
0.55
0.63
0°
MILLIMETERS
NOM
-0.15
1.75
-10.20
7.80
5.30
0.65
0.90
4°
NOTE
MAX
2.13
0.25
1.88
0.38
10.50
8.20
5.60
0.75
1.03
8°
2,3
1
1
JEDEC #: MO-150
Controlling Dimension is Millimeters
Notes: 1. “D” and “E1” are reference datums and do not included mold flash or protrusions, but do include mold mismatch
and are measured at the parting line, mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.20 mm per side.
Dimension “b” does not include dambar protrusion/intrusion. Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.13 mm total in
excess of “b” dimension at maximum material condition. Dambar intrusion shall not reduce dimension “b” by more
than 0.07 mm at least material condition.
3. These dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10 and 0.25 mm from lead tips.
2.
DS682F1
43
CS5464
13. ORDERING INFORMATION
Model
CS5464-IS
CS5464-ISZ (lead free)
Temperature
Package
-40 to +85 °C
28-pin SSOP
14. ENVIRONMENTAL, MANUFACTURING, & HANDLING INFORMATION
Model Number
Peak Reflow Temp
MSL Rating*
Max Floor Life
CS5464-IS
240 °C
2
365 Days
CS5464-ISZ (lead free)
260 °C
3
7 Days
* MSL (Moisture Sensitivity Level) as specified by IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.
44
DS682F1
CS5464
15. REVISION HISTORY
Revision
Date
T1
NOV 2005
Target Data Sheet
PP1
MAR 2006
Preliminary Release
PP2
JAN 2007
Update to correspond to rev C1 Silicon
F1
MAR 2007
Updated capitalization of register names for consistency with CS5467. Updated
Typical Connection diagram. Updated Phase Compensation Range from ±2.8° to
±5.4°. Updated document number to F1 for quality process level (QPL).
DS682F1
Changes
45
CS5464
Contacting Cirrus Logic Support
For all product questions and inquiries contact a Cirrus Logic Sales Representative.
To find the one nearest to you go to www.cirrus.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Cirrus Logic, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Cirrus”) believe that the information contained in this document is accurate and reliable. However, the information is subject
to change without notice and is provided “AS IS” without warranty of any kind (express or implied). Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of relevant
information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale
supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, indemnification, and limitation of liability. No responsibility is assumed by Cirrus
for the use of this information, including use of this information as the basis for manufacture or sale of any items, or for infringement of patents or other rights of third
parties. This document is the property of Cirrus and by furnishing this information, Cirrus grants no license, express or implied under any patents, mask work rights,
copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual property rights. Cirrus owns the copyrights associated with the information contained herein and gives consent for copies to be made of the information only for use within your organization with respect to Cirrus integrated circuits or other products of Cirrus. This consent
does not extend to other copying such as copying for general distribution, advertising or promotional purposes, or for creating any work for resale.
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL APPLICATIONS”). CIRRUS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE
IN AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS, MILITARY APPLICATIONS, PRODUCTS SURGICALLY IMPLANTED INTO THE BODY, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY OR SECURITY DEVICES, LIFE SUPPORT PRODUCTS OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD
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IN SUCH A MANNER. IF THE CUSTOMER OR CUSTOMER'S CUSTOMER USES OR PERMITS THE USE OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS, CUSTOMER AGREES, BY SUCH USE, TO FULLY INDEMNIFY CIRRUS, ITS OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, DISTRIBUTORS AND OTHER
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THESE USES.
Cirrus Logic, Cirrus, and the Cirrus Logic logo designs are trademarks of Cirrus Logic, Inc. All other brand and product names in this document may be trademarks
or service marks of their respective owners.
46
DS682F1