AL1696 HIGHLY INTEGRATION OFFLINE DIMMABLE LED DRIVER Description Pin Assignments NEW PRODUCT The AL1696 is a highly integrated high power factor constant current converter for mains dimmable LED driver applications. The AL1696 controls the system operating in boundary conduction mode (BCM) to ease in EMI/EMC qualification and testing to meet the latest regulatory standards. (Top View) The AL1696 with build-in MOSFET solution reduces the bill of material (BOM) cost by eliminating the need of auxiliary winding and external high voltage MOSFET. The AL1696 can be compatible with a wide range of dimmers including leading edge and trailing edge dimmers. Some dimmers can achieve deep dimming down to 1%. The AL1696 dimming curve is compliant with the standard of NEMA SSL6. The AL1696 is available in SO-7 package, which provides an extra pin spacing between the high voltage MOSFET’s drain and low voltage pins to increase electricity isolation. 7 D 3 6 VCC 4 5 RT NC 1 NC 2 CS GND SO-7 Applications Mains Dimmable LED Lamps Offline LED Power Supply Driver Features Internal MOSFET up to 300V/3A, 500V/2A, 600V/2A Tight Current Sense Tolerance: ±3% Low Startup Current: 150µA Low Operation Current: 120µA (Switching Frequency at 5kHz) Single Winding Inductor Wide Range of Dimmer Compatibility Dimming Curve Compliant with NEMA SSL6 Internal Protections Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) Cycle-by-cycle Over Current Protection (OCP) Output Short Protection (OSP) Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) SO-7 Package Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3) Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 1 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Typical Applications Circuit L1 FR1 DB1 R1 C3 NEW PRODUCT C1 R5 C2 1 NC 2 CS 3 GND 4 R2 D 7 U1 AL1696 AC Input NC R3 6 VCC 5 RT C4 D1 R6 R4 R7 + L2 D2 C5 LEDS Buck-Boost Application Circuit L1 DB1 R1 C3 C1 R5 C2 1 NC 2 CS 3 GND 4 7 U1 AL1696 AC Input NC R2 D R3 6 VCC 5 RT C4 R4 R6 D2 L2 D1 R7 + FR1 C5 LEDS Buck Application Circuit Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name 1, 2 NC No connection 3 CS Current sensing 4 GND 5 RT 6 VCC 7 D AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 Function Ground Resistor set the system’s maximum tON Power supply voltage Drain of the internal high voltage MOSFET 2 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Functional Block Diagram VCC STOP OFF Fault Management VCC Management UVLO VDD NEW PRODUCT OSP VRT_REF Set tON_MAX VCC 1, 2 Q OCP tON_MAX AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 CS tOFF Driver Supply Clamp S 4 VREF tOFF Detection (ZCD) R GND 3 VCC Clamp OSP 5 tON_MAX NC D OTP VRT_REF RT 7 6 + - LEB VREF STOP 3 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Absolute Maximum Ratings (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 4) Symbol VCC NEW PRODUCT VD ID Rating Unit Power Supply Voltage 18 V Voltage on D Pin (AL1696-30AS7-13) 300 V Voltage on D Pin (AL1696-20BS7-13) 500 V Voltage on D Pin (AL1696-20CS7-13) 600 V Continuous Drain Current TC = +25°C (AL1696-30AS7-13) 3.0 A Continuous Drain Current TC = +25°C (AL1696-20BS7-13) 2.0 A Parameter Continuous Drain Current TC = +25°C (AL1696-20CS7-13) 2.0 A VCS Voltage on CS Pin -0.3 to 7 V VRT Voltage on RT Pin -0.3 to 7 V TJ Operating Junction Temperature -40 to +150 °C TSTG Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C TLEAD Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 seconds) +260 °C PD Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics (TA = +50°C) 0.8 W JA Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) (Note 5) 123 °C/W JC Thermal Resistance (Junction to Case) (Note 5) 19 °C/W 2,000 V 200 V – Notes: ESD (Human Body Model) ESD (Machine Model) 4. Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. 5. Device mounted on 1"x1" FR-4 substrate PCB, 2oz copper, with minimum recommended pad layout. Recommended Operating Conditions (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol TA (Note 6) Note: Parameter Ambient Temperature Min Max Unit -40 +105 °C 6. The device can operate normally at +125°C ambient temperature under the condition that the junction temperature is less than +150°C. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 4 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit UVLO Startup Voltage – – 14.5 – V Minimal Operating Voltage After Turn On – 8.5 – V VCC Clamp Voltage ICC = 1mA – 16 – V – 150 – µA Switching Frequency at 5kHz – 120 – µA AL1696-30A – – 3 Ω AL1696-20B – – 6 Ω AL1696-20C – – 5.5 Ω AL1696-30A – – 3.0 A AL1696-20B – – 2.0 A AL1696-20C – – 2.0 A AL1696-30A 300 – – V AL1696-20B 500 – – V AL1696-20C 600 – – V AL1696-30A @VDS = 300V, VGS = 0V – – 1 µA AL1696-20B @VDS = 500V, VGS = 0V – – 1 µA AL1696-20C @VDS = 600V, VGS = 0V – – 1 µA Reference Voltage of RT Pin – – 0.5 – V Current Sense Reference – 0.388 0.400 0.412 V tON_MIN Minimum tON – – 550 – ns tON_MAX Maximum tON RT = 27kΩ – 8 – µs tOFF_MAX Maximum tOFF – – 180 – µs tOFF_MIN Minimum tOFF (Note 7) – – 6 – µs – – +170 – °C VTH(ST) VOPR(min) NEW PRODUCT VCC_CLAMP Standby Current IST ICC(OPR) VCC = VTH(ST)-0.5V, Start-Up Current Before Start Up Operating Current Internal High Voltage MOSFET RDS(ON) IDS VDS IDSS Drain-Source On-State Resistance Continuous Drain-Source Current Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage Drain-Source Leakage Current RT VRT Current Sense VREF Over Temperature Protection – Notes: Shutdown Temperature (Notes 7 & 8) 7. These parameters, although guaranteed by design, are not 100% tested in production. 8. The device will latch when OTP happen and the device won’t operate constantly at this temperature. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 5 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Performance Characteristics (Note 9) Start-up Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature 16.0 180 15.5 170 Start-up Current (A) Start-up Voltage (V) 14.5 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.0 -40 160 150 140 130 12.5 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 120 -40 o -20 0 Ambient Temperature ( C) 60 80 100 120 Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature 140 9.5 130 9.0 Operating Current (A) Minimal Operating Voltage (V) 40 o 10.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 120 110 100 90 80 6.5 6.0 -40 20 Ambient Temperature ( C) Minimal Operating Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 -40 120 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) o Ambient Temperature ( C) VCS Reference vs. Ambient Temperature VRT Reference vs. Ambient Temperature 0.50 0.60 0.45 0.55 0.40 0.50 VRT Reference (V) VCS Reference (V) NEW PRODUCT 15.0 0.35 0.30 0.40 0.35 0.25 0.20 -40 0.45 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.30 -40 o AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C) 6 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Performance Characteristics (Cont.) (Note 9) VCC Clamp Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 24 VCC Clamp Voltage (V) NEW PRODUCT 21 18 15 12 9 6 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 o Ambient Temperature ( C) Note: 9. These electrical characteristics are tested under DC condition. The ambient temperature is equal to the junction temperature of the device. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 7 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Functional Description and Application Information Convertor Operation The AL1696 internal MOSFET’s on time is limited by tON_MAX which is set through RT pin and internal 0.4V reference. The MOSFET will be turned off either its on time triggers tON_MAX or input voltage on CS pin triggers internal 0.4V reference voltage. So if the tON_MAX is set to a very small value, the system will operate in constant on-time (tON_MAX) mode during the whole rectified mains cycle. It will result in a good power factor, but the line regulation will be worse. Normally, a recommended tON_MAX should make the system operate in constant on-time (tON_MAX) mode at valley of input voltage and peak current mode at the crest. A trade off between PF and line regulation need to be done when setting tON_MAX. The AL1696 adopts source-driver technology to decrease the system operating current. Besides, it uses a novel tOFF time detection method without auxiliary winding. The AL1696 operates in boundary conduction mode (BCM) which can ease EMI design. All of them help AL1696 to have an extremely low bill of material (BOM). L1 FR1 NC DB1 R1 C3 C1 C2 R5 1 NC 2 CS 3 GND 4 7 U1 AL1696 AC Input R2 D R3 6 VCC 5 RT C4 D1 R6 R4 L2 D2 R7 + NEW PRODUCT The AL1696 is a single stage, single winding inductor, high efficiency, and high power factor LED driver solution for mains input phase-cutting dimmable application. It is available for three internal MOSFET options (300V/3A, 500V/2A and 600V/2A) which helps to reduce the overall LED driver solution’s size and optimize bom cost. The three different MOSFET options can cover most of 3~12W dimmable applications. C5 LEDS Figure 1. Typical Buck-Boost Application Circuit Start-up and Supply Voltage During start-up, the VCC capacitor C4 is charged through startup resistors (R2, R3) from the rectified mains input until the start-up voltage is reached, the AL1696 starts switching. In normal operation, the VCC supply is provided from two paths: one is from start-up resisters (R2, R3) and the other is from output voltage (VOUT) through one diode (D2). In this way the system can provide sufficient VCC supply at low dimming angle. The AL1696 has internal VCC clamp, the typical voltage is 16V. VCC voltage needs to be between VOPR(min) and VCC_CLAMP during normal operation. When VCC voltage drops below the under voltage lockout (UVLO), IC will stop switching. The IC will restart once the voltage on VCC pin exceeds the startup voltage (VTH(ST)) again. Protections Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) When the voltage on the VCC pin drops below VOPR(Min), the IC will stop switching. The IC will restart until the VCC voltage exceeds the startup voltage (VTH (ST)) again. Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) To prevent false detection of the peak current through MOSFET, a blanking time following switch-on is designed. When the internal switch turns on, a short current spike may appear because of the discharge of the parasitic capacitor over MOSFET’s drain and source. It will be ignored during the LEB time (tON_MIN). Cycle-by-cycle Over Current Protection (OCP) The AL1696 has a built-in peak current detector. The R5 connected to the CS pin is used to sense the current through MOSFET and will be one of the inputs. The detection circuit is activated after the LEB time. When the voltage on CS pin reaches VREF, the IC will turn off the switch to limit the output current. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 8 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Functional Description and Application Information (Cont.) The peak current (IPEAK) of the MOSFET can be set as below: VREF R5 I PEAK NEW PRODUCT It automatically provides a cycle-by-cycle protection of maximum current through MOSFET during operation. A propagation delay exists between over current detection and actual source-switch off, so the actual peak current will be a little higher than the OCP level set by R5. Output-Short Protection (OSP) When LED is shorted, the device can’t detect the tOFF time, and the system will work with low switching frequency of 5kHz. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) The AL1696 has OTP protection function. When the junction temperature reaches +170°C typical, it will trigger an over-temperature protection which makes IC shut down and latched. Once OTP is triggered, the system will only restart after the system’s power supply powers off and on again. Design Parameters based on buck-boost topology Setting the Current Sense Resistor R5 In AL1696 typical application, a tON_MAX is recommended to make the system operate at constant on-time (tON_MAX) mode at valley of input voltage and peak current mode at the crest. In most of cases, the tON_MAX will set to be 1.3 times of the tON at crest, and the critical angle of two operation modes will be: 1 1.3 a sin Then the output current can be calculated as below: I O _ MEAN 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) VREF ( 1.3 sin( ) dt dt + 1.3 sin( ) dt ) 2 R5 0 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) VO 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) VO 2VIN _ RMS sin( ) VO Where, VREF is the internal reference, typical 0.4V. R5 is the current sense resistor. VIN_RMS is the input voltage’s RMS value. VO is the system output voltage. Inductance Selection (L2) The peak current of the MOSFET is calculated as below: I PEAK VREF R5 The AL1696 is operating in boundary conduction mode which results in a variable operating frequency. The minimum switching frequency fMIN should be set at the crest of the minimum AC input voltage. Inductance should be calculated according to the chosen fMIN: L2 2VIN _ RMS VO I PEAK （ 2VIN _ RMS +VO） f MIN According to the Faraday’s Law of Induction, the winding number of the inductance can be calculated by: AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 9 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Functional Description and Application information (Cont.) NL2 L 2 I PEAK Ae Bm Where, NEW PRODUCT Ae is the core effective area. Bm is the maximum magnetic flux density. tON_MAX Setting In order to get a high power factor and good dimmer compatibility, the system should operate in constant on time mode at valley of input voltage. It can be realized by setting the maximum on time, which is set by on external resistor connect to RT pin. And the tON time has the below equation: tON _ MAX 25 C REF R 6 VRT _ REF Where, VRT_REF is the internal RT pin 0.5V’s reference. CREF is the internal 6pF capacitor. Dimmer Compatibility Passive Bleeder Design The passive bleeder is designed to supply latching and holding current to get rid of dimmer’s misfire and flicker. L FR1 Passive Bleeder L1 Damping DB1 R1 C1 N DB1 C2 Figure 2. LED Driver Schematic with Passive Bleeder The passive bleeder includes a capacitor (C2, in hundreds of nF) to provide latching current and a resistor (R1) to limit the current spike. Because a large C2 will affect the PF, THD and efficiency negatively, the value of the capacitor (C2) should be selected carefully. Generally, a capacitance from 100nF/400V to 330nF/400V is recommended. R1 is used to limit the latching current. If R1 is too big, the latching current will be not enough and the TRIAC dimmer will be misfired, resulting in LED flicker. If R1 is too small, it will result in greater power dissipation. Generally, a 200Ω to 2KΩ resistor is recommended for R1. Passive Damping Design FR1 is to limit the spike current caused by quick charging of C2 when dimmer on. Normally, FR1 will be chosen from 20Ω to 100Ω for low line like 120VAC application, and 51Ω to 200Ω for high line like 230VAC application. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 10 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Ordering Information AL1696–XX X XX–13 NEW PRODUCT Current Option MOSFET Voltage Package A: 300V B: 500V C: 600V S7 : SO-7 20 : 2.0A 30 : 3.0A Part Number Package Code Package AL1696-30AS7-13 S7 AL1696-20BS7-13 AL1696-20CS7-13 Packing 13 :13" Tape & Reel 13” Tape and Reel Quantity Part Number Suffix SO-7 4000/Tape & Reel -13 S7 SO-7 4000/Tape & Reel -13 S7 SO-7 4000/Tape & Reel -13 Marking Information (Top View) 7 6 5 Logo Part Number 1696-30A for 3.0A/300V 1696-20B for 2.0A/500V 1696-20C for 2.0A/600V 1696 - ZZZ YY WW X X 1 AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 YY : Year : 15,16,17 ~ WW : Week : 01~52; 52 represents 52 and 53 week X X : Internal Code 2 3 4 11 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.) (1) Package Type: SO-7 5.800(0.228) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) NEW PRODUCT 6.200(0.244) 0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020) 2.54(0.100) TYP 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 1.270(0.050) TYP 0.080(0.003) 0.250(0.010) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 1.250(0.049) 1.500(0.059) 0.350(0.014) TYP 0° 8° Option 1 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) 45° 0.150(0.006) 0.250(0.010) Option 2 Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 12 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 Suggested Pad Layout Package Type: SO-7 NEW PRODUCT (1) G Z E1 Y X E Dimensions Z (mm)/(inch) G (mm)/(inch) X (mm)/(inch) Y (mm)/(inch) E (mm)/(inch) E1 (mm)/(inch) Value 6.900/0.272 3.900/0.154 0.650/0.026 1.500/0.059 1.270/0.050 2.540/0.100 AL1696 Document number: DS38304 Rev. 1 - 2 13 of 14 www.diodes.com October 2015 © Diodes Incorporated AL1696 IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). NEW PRODUCT Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. 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