GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Description Features The GM317 is an adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow out proof. GM317 offers full overload protection. Included on the chip current limit, thermal overload protection, and safe-area protection. Normally, no capacitors is needed unless the device is situated far from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can added to improve transient response. Output current up to 1.5A Output Voltages 1.2V to 37V Input Regulation typ. 0.01% Output Regulation typ. 0.1% Peak Output Current Constant over Temperature Range of Regulator Available in TO-220, TO-263, TO252 and SOT223 Packages Ripple Rejection Typically 80dB Direct replacements for LM317 Applications Voltage Regulators Power Supplies Current Regulators Switching Regulators Current Limiter Constant Current Battery Charger Current Limited Charger Typical Application Circuit VIN VIN GM317 VOUT ADJ CIN* 0.1µF IADJ VOUT R1 240Ω CO** 1µF * CIN is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. **CO is not needed for stability, however, it improve transient response. VOUT= 1.25V (1+ R2 ) + IADJR2 R1 Since IADJ is controlled to less than 100µA, the error associated with this term is negligible in most applications. GM317V1.01 R2 1 GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Marking Information and Pin Configurations (Top View) TO 252 (D-PAK) TO 220 TO 263 (D2-PAK) GM317 AYWW SOT223 GM317 AYWW GM317 AYWW 3. VIN 2. VOUT 1. Adj 3. VIN 2. VOUT 1. Adj GM317 AYWW 3. VIN 2. VOUT 1. Adj 3. VIN 2. VOUT 1. Adj A: Assembly / Test site code Y: Year WW: Week Ordering Information Ordering Number Package Shipping GM317TA3T TO-263 50 Units/Tube GM317TA3R TO-263 800 Units / Tape & Reel GM317TB3T TO-220 50 Units/Tube TO-252 80 Units/Tube GM317TC3R TO-252 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel GM317ST3T SOT-223 80 Units/Tube GM317ST3R SOT-223 2,500 Units / Tape & Reel GM317V1.01 GM317TC3T 2 VOUT Adj GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Absolute Maximum Ratings PARAMETER RATINGS UNITS Input to Output Differential Voltage, VI – VO 40 V Continuous Total Dissipation at 25°C Free-air Temperature 2 Continuous Total Dissipation at (or bellow) 25°C Cast Temperature 15 W Operating Junction Temperature TJ - 40 to 125 °C Storage Temperature Tstg - 60 to 150 °C 260 °C Lead Temperature 1.6mm (1/6 inch) from case for 10 seconds Recommended Operating Conditions PARAMETER Min Max Unit Output Current, IO 10 1500 mA Operating Virtual Junction Temperature, TJ 0 125 °C Block Diagram VIN 310 220 120 5.6K 6.3V 13K 170 12.4K 125K 6.7K 5pF 6.8K 5.1K 190 3.6K 160 6.3V 200 105 30pF 5.8K 6.3V 12K 510 30pF 2.4K 110 4.0 2.5K VOUT ADJ GM317V1.01 31 3 GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Electrical Characteristics (Unless otherwise noted, VI - VO = 5V and IO= 0.5A. TJ = Full Range, unless otherwise noted) Parameter Line Regulation (note 2) Symbol ∆VOI Ripple Rejection Ratio Test Condition Typ Max 3V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤ 40V, TJ = 25°C 0.01 0.04 3V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤ 40V, 0.02 0.07 VOUT = 10V, f = 120Hz 65 VOUT = 10V, f = 120Hz, 10µF capacitor between ADJ and GND 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1.5A, TJ = 25°C Load regulation (note 3) ∆VOL 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1.2A Output Voltage Change with Temperature ∆VOT mV VO > 5V 0.1 0.5 % VO ≤ 5V 20 70 mV VO > 5V 0.3 1.5 % Full Temperature Range 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 10KHz, TJ = 25°C Minimum Load Current VIN – VOUT ≤ 40V Reference Voltage dB 80 25 Output Noise Voltage % 0.3 3V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤ 40V 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1.2A 3V ≤ VIN – VOUT ≤ 40V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1.5A, P ≤ 15W 1 0.003 IADJ ∆IADJ %/V 5 TJ = 125 OC, VIN – VOUT = 40V, after 1000hr Adjustment Pin Current Change 66 Unit VO ≤ 5V Long Term Stability (Note 4) Adjustment Pin Current Min 1.2 % % 3.5 10 mA 50 100 µA 0.2 5.0 µA 1.25 1.3 V Note 1: All characteristics are measured with a 0.1µF capacitor across the input and a 1µF capacitor across the output. Note 2: Input regulation is expressed here as the percentage change in output voltage per 1V change at the input. Note 3: Pulse testing techniques are used to maintain the junction temperature as close to the ambient temperature as possible. Thermal effects must be taken into account separately. GM317V1.01 Note 4: Since long-term drift cannot be measured on the individual devices prior to shipment, this specification is not intended to be a guarantee or warranty. It is an engineering estimate of the average drift to be expected from lot to lot. 4 GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Application Information Basic Circuit Operation The GM317 is a 3- terminal floating regulator. In operation, the GM317 develops and maintains a nominal 1.25V reference (VREF) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current flow through R2 to ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: VOUT VIN GM317 VREF Adjust R1 IPROG R2 VOUT = VREF (1 + ) + IADJ R2 R1 IADJ R2 VREF = 1.25V typical Basic Circuit Configuration Since the current from the adjustment terminal (IADJ) represents an error term in the equation, the GM317was designed to control IADJ to less than 100µA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the GM317 is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Load Regulation The GM317 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor R1 should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. External Capacitors A 0.1µF disc or 1.0µF tantalum input bypass capacitor CIN is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor CADJ prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10µF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120Hz in a 10V application. Although the GM317 is stable with no output capacitance, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. An output capacitance CO in the form of a 1.0µF tantalum or 25µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Protection Diodes The figure below shows the GM317 with the recommended protection diodes for output for output voltage in excess of 25V or high capacitance values (CO > 25µF, CADJ > 10µF). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CADJ discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CADJ from discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. D1 1N4002 VOUT VIN GM317 R1 CIN CO D2 1N4002 Adjust R2 CADJ GM317V1.01 When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator, it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. 5 GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR 4.0 IL = 0.5A 0 -0.2 IL = 1.5A -0.4 -0.6 VI = 15V VO= 10V -0.8 -1.0 3.0 TJ = 25˚C 2.0 -55˚C 1.0 0 30 500mA 1.0 200mA 20mA -50-25 0 25 50 75 100125150 100 IL = 500mA VIN = 15V VOUT = 10V TJ = 25˚C 80 60 40 20 CLOAD = 10µF Without CADJ 0 100 1.0K 10K 100K1.0M 10M VIN – VOUT, Input – Output Voltage differential (Vdc) Figure 7. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 25 50 72 100 125 Ambient Temperature (°C) Figure 3. Adjustment Pin Current vs. Temperature 100 4.5 TJ = -55˚C 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 25˚C 2.0 150˚C 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 90 80 0 40 0 10 20 30 40 VIN – VOUT, Input – Output Voltage differential (Vdc) Figure 5. Minimum Operating current RR, Ripple Rejection (dB) 1A 1.5 IB, Quiescent Current (mA) VIN, - VOUT, Input - Output Voltage Differential (Vdc) IL = 1.5A TJ, Junction Temperature (°C) Figure 4. Dropout Voltage RR, Ripple Rejection (dB) 20 5.0 0 GM317V1.01 10 VIN – VOUT, Input – Output Voltage differential (Vdc) Figure 2. Current Limit ∆VOUT = 100mV 2.5 0 150˚C 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100125 150 3.0 Adjustment Pin Current (µA) 0.2 TJ, Junction Temperature (°C) Figure 1. Load Regulation 6 100 0.4 IOUT, output Current (A) VOUT, output Voltage Change (%) Typical Performance Characteristics CADJ = 10µF 80 Without CADJ 60 40 VIN – VOUT = 5V 20 IL = 500mA 0 0 f = 120Hz TJ = 25˚C 5.0 10 15 20 30 35 25 40 VOUT, Output Voltage Figure 6. Ripple Rejection vs. Output Voltage GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Package Outline Dimensions – SOT223 0.248 - 0.264 (6.30 - 6.71) 0.010 - 0.014 (0.25 - 0.36) 0.116 - 0.124 (2.95 - 3.15) 0.130 - 0.146 (3.30 - 3.71) 0.264 - 0.287 (6.71 - 7.29) 10°- 16 ° 0.071 (1.8) MAX 0.0008 - 0.0040 (0.0203 - 0.1016) 10 - 16 ° 0.012 (0.31) 0.090 (2.29) NOM 0.033 - 0.041 (0.84 - 1.04) ° MIN 0.025 - 0.033 (0.64 - 0.84) 0.81 (4.6)NOM 10° MAX NOM Package Outline Dimensions – TO263 0.390 - 0.415 (9.906 - 10.541) 0.105 - 0.180 (4.191 - 4.572) 0.060 (1.524) TYP 0.045 - 0.055 (1.143 - 1.397) 15 TYP 0.330 - 0.370 (8.382 - 9.398) 0.059 (1.499) TYP 0.143 + 0.012 0.143 - 0.002 (3.632 + 0305) (3.362 - 0.508) 0.050 +/- 0.012 (1.270 +/- 0.305) 0.090 - 0.110 (2.286 - 2.794) 0.050 (1.270) 0.013 - 0.023 (0.330 - 0.584) GM317V1.01 0.020 - 0.039 (0.510 - 0.990) 7 GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Package Outline Dimensions – TO252 0.205 – 0.215 (5.210 – 5.460) 0.039 – 0.050 (1.020 – 1.270) 0.055 – 0.080 (1.400 – 2.030) 0.018 – 0.023 (0.460 – 0.580) SEATING PLAN 0.370 – 0.410 (9.400 – 10.420) 0.210 – 0.228 (5.330 – 5.800) 0.090 (2.285) TYP GM317V1.01 0.180 (4.570) TYP 8 0.045 – 0.060 (1.150 – 1.520) 0.030 – 0.045 (0.760 – 1.140) 0.020 (0.510) MIN 0.018 – 0.023 (0.460 – 0.580) GM317 3-TERMINAL 1.5A ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR Ordering Number GM 317 Circuit Type T Package Type Shipping Type TA3: TB3: TC3: ST3: T: Tube R: Tape & Reel TO263 TO220 TO252 SOT223 GM317V1.01 APM Gamma Micro TA3 8 10 6 9