Freescale MC34727BFC 600ma high efficiency low quiescent current synchronous buck regulator with z-mode Datasheet

Freescale Semiconductor
Advance Information
Document Number: 34727
Rev. 1.0, 5/2008
600mA High Efficiency Low
Quiescent Current Synchronous
Buck Regulator With Z-mode
The 34727 is a high efficiency, low quiescent current (IQ),
synchronous buck regulator, implementing Freescale’s innovative
Z-mode architecture. Freescale’s Z-mode architecture greatly
improves the ripple performance during light load currents, but still
maintains a low quiescent current of 65µA, at no load in “Sleepy” Zmode.
The 34727 accepts an input voltage in the range of 2.7 to 5.5V,
making it ideally suited for single cell Li-Ion based applications. Factory
preset output voltages, ranging from 0.8 to 3.3V, reduce the number of
required auxiliary components. The part is able to provide 600mA of
continuous load current across the input and the output voltage ranges.
The 34727 switches at 2.0MHz to allow the use of small surface
mount inductors and capacitors, to save precious board space.
The 34727 is available in the small, space saving, and low cost, 2x2
UDFN-8 packages. The part is guaranteed for operation over the -25°C
to +85°C temperature range.
Features
• 94% peak efficiency
• 2.0MHz switching frequency
• Automatic transition to energy saving light load Z-mode (low ripple)
• 2.7V to 5.5V input voltage range
• Fixed output voltage options from 0.8V to 3.3V
• 65µA quiescent current during sleepy Z-mode
• 600mA maximum continuous output current
• Internal 2.0ms soft start
• Thermal and over-current protection
• 0.1µA quiescent current in shutdown (disabled)
• Ultra thin 2x2 UDFN package
• Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code FC
34727
2.7V ~ 5.5V
CIN
VIN
34727
POWER MANAGEMENT IC
Bottom View
FC SUFFIX (PB-FREE)
98ASA10787D
8-PIN UDFN
2X2
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
Temperature
Range (TA)
Package
-25°C to 85°C
8-UDFN
MC34727AFC/R2
MC34727BFC/R2
MC34727CFC/R2
L1
0.8 - 3.3V *
600mA
SW
FB
COUT
EN
ON
OFF
GND
Figure 1. 34727 Typical Operating Circuit
* This document contains certain information on a new product.
Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice.
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2008. All rights reserved.
*Programmable
See table 1
DEVICE VARIATIONS
DEVICE VARIATIONS
Table 1. Device Variations
Freescale Part No.
VIN Range
Output Voltage(1)
Maximum Load Current
Switch Frequency (MHz)(2)
MC34727AFC
2.7 - 5.5V
1.2V
600mA
2.0
MC34727BFC
2.7 - 5.5V
1.8V
600mA
2.0
MC34727CFC
3.6 - 5.5V
3.3V
600mA
2.0
Notes
1. Output voltages of: 0.8V, 0.9V, 1.0V, 1.1V, 1.3V, 1.4V, 1.5V, 1.85V, 2.0V, 2.5V options available on request. Contact Freescale sales.
2. Factory programmable at 2.0MHz or 4.0Mhz. Contact Freescale sales for availability of the 4.0MHz functionality.
MC34727
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
EN
VIN
Osc.
Internal
Regulator
–
+
FB
Ref.
VIN
+
–
Buck
Controller
Thermal
Shutdown
SW (2)
Current
Limit
PWM
Ref.
–
+
UVLO
Soft Start
NC
GND (2)
Figure 2. MC34727 Simplified Internal Block Diagram
MC34727
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
3
PIN CONNECTIONS
PIN CONNECTIONS
Transparent
Top View
VIN
1
8
SW
GND
2
7
SW
GND
3
6
NC
EN
4
5
FB
2x2 UDFN-8 (Non EP)
Figure 3. MC34727 Pin Connections
Table 2. MC34727 Pin Definitions
A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 10.
Pin Number
Pin Name
Pin Function
Formal Name
Definition
1
VIN
Input
Supply Voltage Input
2
GND
Ground
Ground
Ground
3
GND
Ground
Ground
Low noise ground
4
EN
Input
Enable
Active high enable input
5
FB
Input
Feedback Input
Feedback of the output voltage
6
NC
N/A
No Connection
Internally not connected. Connect to GND externally
7
SW
Output
Switching Node
This terminal connects to the output inductor
8
SW
Output
Switching Node
This terminal connects to the output inductor
Power input
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Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 3. Maximum Ratings
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding these ratings may cause a malfunction or
permanent damage to the device.
Ratings
Symbol
Value
Unit
All pins voltages
VIN, VEN, VFB,
VSW
-0.3 to 6.0
V
ESD Voltage(1)
VESD
ELECTRICAL RATINGS
V
Human Body Model (HBM)
±2000
Machine Model (MM)
±200
THERMAL RATINGS
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
TA
-25 to +85
°C
Storage Temperature Range
TSTG
-25 to +150
°C
Maximum Lead Temperature(2),(3)
TPPRT
Note 3
°C
Junction Temperature
°C
TJ
Operating Junction Temperature
125
Maximum Junction Temperature
+150
Thermal Resistance(4)
°C/W
Junction-to-Case
RθJC
104
Junction-to-Ambient
RθJA
122
Power Dissipation
Continuous (Derate 3.0mW/°C and over TA = 70°C)
W
PD
0.5
Notes
1. ESD testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (HBM) (CZAP = 100pF, RZAP = 1500Ω), and the Machine Model
(MM) (CZAP = 200pF, RZAP = 0Ω).
2.
3.
4.
Pin soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may
cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device.
Freescale’s Package Reflow capability meets Pb-free requirements for JEDEC standard J-STD-020C. For Peak Package Reflow
Temperature and Moisture Sensitivity Levels (MSL). Go to www.freescale.com, search by part number [e.g. remove prefixes/suffixes
and enter the core ID to view all orderable parts. (i.e. MC33xxxD enter 33xxx), and review parametrics.
Device mounted on the Freescale EVB test board per JEDEC DESD51-2.
MC34727
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Freescale Semiconductor
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 4. Static Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions; 2.7V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 3.3V, -25oC ≤ TA ≤ 85oC, CIN = COUT = 4.7µF,
L1 = 4.7µH (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. The typical specifications are measured at the following conditions;
TA = +25oC, VIN = 3.6V, fSW = 2.0MHz with the typical operating circuit (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
VIN
2.7
-
5.5
V
Output Voltage (Factory preset)
VOUT
0.8
-
3.3
V
Output Current
IOUT
600
-
-
mA
Supply Voltage
Total Supply Current
(5)
Quiescent Current (Switching)
1.0
-
65
85
-
900
-
µA
mA
∆VOUT
Over load and temperature
UVLO Threshold(6)
0.1
IPK
Current rising at high side
Output Voltage Accuracy (% of output voltage)
IQ
Sleepy Z-mode and ILOAD = 0mA
Current Limit
µA
IDIS
Regulator disabled
VOUT
-3%
-
3%
VUVLO
V
VIN: 2.7 -5.5V
VIN rising
-
-
2.7
VIN falling
2.5
-
-
Regulator operating
1.6
-
-
Regulator shutdown
-
-
0.4
-
250
-
-
350
-
-
0.5
-
Enable Voltage
High Side Power MOSFET On Resistance
VEN
RDS(ON)H
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.8V, TA = 40°C, ILOAD = 150mA
Low Side Power MOSFET On Resistance
%
∆VOUT/∆VIN
VIN = 2.7V to 5.5V
Start-up Overshoot (% of output voltage)
mΩ
∆VOUT/∆IOUT
1.0mA < ILOAD < 600mA and VOUT = 1.8V
Line Regulation
mΩ
RDS(ON)L
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.8V, TA = 40°C, ILOAD = 150mA
Load Regulation
V
%
-
0.5
-
-
3%
-
VSTO
ILOAD = 0mA, VOUT = 1.8V and COUT = 4.7µF
VOUT
Thermal Shutdown Threshold (Junction Temperature)
TSTDN
-
140
-
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis (Junction Temperature)
THYSTR
-
10
-
°C
Notes
5. Maximum IDIS measured at VIN = 3.6V and TA = 25°C.
6.
For a product with a VOUT of 3.3V and a VIN minimum less than 3.6V, the VOUT value will track (drop below 3.3V) VIN down to a value
of 2.5V, where the UVLO shutdown mechanism will activate.
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Freescale Semiconductor
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table 5. Dynamic Electrical Characteristics
Characteristics noted under conditions; 2.7V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 3.3V, -25oC ≤ TA ≤ 85oC, CIN = COUT = 4.7µF,
L1 = 4.7µH(See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted. The typical specifications are measured at the following conditions;
TA = +25oC, VIN = 3.6V, fSW = 2.0MHz with the typical operating circuit (See Figure 1), unless otherwise noted.
Characteristic
Switching Frequency
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
(7)
fSW
1.8
2.0
2.2
MHz
(8)
DMAX
Maximum Duty Cycle
Measured from SW pin
Internal Soft-start Timer
%
95
-
100
-
2.0
-
tS
VOUT Rise Time
ms
Notes
7. fSW can be factory programmed to ±20% of nominal 2.0MHz.
8.
The maximum duty limits the range of output voltages achievable for a given input voltage.
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Freescale Semiconductor
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
100
VEN (10V/DIV)
Time: 500µs/DIV
Efficiency (%)
80
60
40
VIN=2.7V
VIN=3.6V
VIN=5.5V
20
0
0.1
1
10
ILOAD (mA)
IL (200mA/DIV)
100
1000
Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Load Current
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.2V, TA=25oC
Figure 7. Start-up Response
ILOAD = 0mA, VOUT=1.2V
Time: 100µs/DIV
0.4
Line Regulation (%)
VOUT (200mV/DIV)
VOUT (1V/DIV)
VSW (2V/DIV)
0.0
-0.4
ILOAD=0mA
ILOAD=100mA
ILOAD=600mA
-0.8
-1.2
3
4
VIN (V)
IL (100mA/DIV)
5
Figure 8. Sleepy Z-mode Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.2V and ILOAD = 1.0mA
Figure 5. Line Regulation
VIN is 2.7V to 5.5V and VOUT is 1.2V
Load Regulation (%)
1
Time: 2µs/DIV
0
VOUT (1V/DIV)
VSW (2V/DIV)
-1
-2
-3
-4
0.0
VIN=2.7V
VIN=3.6V
VIN=5.5V
0.2
0.4
0.6
IL (100mA/DIV)
ILOAD (A)
Figure 6. Load Regulation
1.0mA < ILOAD < 600mA, VOUT = 1.2V
Figure 9. Z-mode Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.2V and ILOAD = 10mA
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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
VOUT (1V/DIV)
Time: 500ns/DIV
Time: 200µs/DIV
VSW (2V/DIV)
VSW (2V/DIV)
IL (100mA/DIV)
Figure 10. CCM Switching Waveforms
VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 1.2V and ILOAD = 300mA
ILOAD (500mA/DIV)
Figure 12. Load Transient in Z-mode
VIN = 3.6V, ILOAD =10mA to 600mA
Time: 200µs/DIV
Time: 200µs/DIV
VOUT (AC Coupled, 100mV/DIV)
VOUT (AC Coupled, 100mV/DIV)
VOUT (AC Coupled, 100mV/DIV)
VSW (2V/DIV)
VSW (2V/DIV)
ILOAD (200mA/DIV)
ILOAD (200mA/DIV)
Figure 11. Load Transient in Sleepy Z-mode
VIN = 3.6V, ILOAD =1.0mA to 300mA
Figure 13. Load Transient in CCM
VIN = 3.6V, ILOAD = 300mA to 600mA
MC34727
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Freescale Semiconductor
9
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INTRODUCTION
The 34727 is a high efficiency, synchronous, buck
regulator, utilizing a voltage mode control architecture with
feed forward. It is capable of providing a 600mA load current
for output voltages of 0.8V to 3.3V, from a single input voltage
rail between 2.7V and 5.5V.
In a buck converter, most of the losses at high output loads
are due to conduction losses in the power train, but at light
output loads, the conduction losses are reduced and most of
the losses become switching losses. Using Freescale’s Zmode architecture, the 34727, at light output loads, will
smoothly transition into a lower switching frequency, thus
improving its efficiency.
FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION
SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT (VIN)
2.7V to 5.5V DC power input. Bypass with a 4.7µF ceramic
capacitor as close as possible to the VIN and GND pins.
GROUND (GND)
Ground.
ENABLE (EN)
Active high enable input. EN is over-voltage protected to
6.0V, independent of the supply voltage. Drive with a logic
high signal (or connect to VIN) for normal operation. Drive
with a logic low signal, or connect to GND will disable the
34727.
FEEDBACK INPUT (FB)
Feedback of the output voltage.
SWITCHING NODE (SW)
This terminal connects to the output inductor. The node
internally connects the drain of both the high side MOSFET
and the low side MOSFET.
NO CONNECTION (NC)
Internally not connected. Connect to GND externally.
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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL INTERNAL BLOCK DESCRIPTION
MC34727 - Functional Block Diagram
Integrated Supply
Internal Regulator & Reference
Oscillator
Power MOSFET
Control
Thermal Shutdown
Soft Start
Undervoltage Lockout
Current Limit
Power MOSFET Driver
Integrated Supply
Oscillator
Control
MOSFET
Figure 14. MC34727 Functional Internal Block Diagram
INTEGRATED SUPPLY
INTERNAL REGULATOR AND REFERENCE
The internal regulator and reference block steps down the
high input voltage to lower voltage, to power all the internal
blocks, and provides the reference voltage for the other
internal blocks.
OSCILLATOR
The oscillator block provides 2.0MHz clock signal to the
controller.
CONTROL
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
The thermal shutdown block monitors the die temperature.
Once the die temperature reaches its threshold, this block
turns off the device to prevent the further die temperature
rise.
SOFT-START
The soft-start block controls the output voltage ramp after
the device is enabled, to limit the in-rush current. The start-up
time is internally set to approximately 2.0ms, and is
independent of input voltage, output voltage, or load current.
The soft-start sequence also occurs upon recovery from any
fault condition.
UVLO
The UVLO block monitors the input voltage. Once the
input voltage is lower than the falling threshold voltage, this
block turns off the device, to avoid unpredictable circuit
behavior.
CURRENT LIMIT
The current limit block monitors the inductor current. When
the peak inductor current reaches its current limit, this block
turns off the high side MOSFET, to prevent the device and
external components from damage.
POWER MOSFET DRIVER
The power-MOSFET driver block controls the phase of the
diver signals, and enhances the drive capability of these
signals.
POWER-MOSFET
The power-MOSFET block contains two power
MOSFETs. One is a PMOS that passes the current from the
input to the output, and the other is an NMOS that provides
the inductor current loop when PMOS is turned off.
MC34727
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
11
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
Z-MODE OPERATION
The 34727 operates as a typical fixed frequency, PWM
regulator, at moderate to heavy load currents. As the load is
decreased, such that operation transitions from continuous
conduction mode (CCM) to discontinuous conduction mode
(DCM), the duty cycle is reduced until it approaches 85% of
the full load duty cycle. At this point, the 34727 transitions into
Z-mode operation, where the Z-mode Factor is 0.85. In Zmode, the regulator skips pulses whenever the duty cycle is
below 85% of the CCM duty cycle. As the load decreases,
this pulse skipping reduces the switching frequency and the
switching losses thus improving efficiency. For example, if a
light load demanded a 30% duty cycle at 2.0MHz, with Zmode, this same load will require only
(0.3/0.85)2 x 2.0MHz = 0.249MHz switching frequency,
hence switching losses will be reduced by almost ten fold.
Figure 15 illustrates the transition to and the exit from Zmode.
VZERR
VRAMP
PWM
PWM_Ref.
Z Factor
SW
On Time
Figure 15. Z-mode Operation
SLEEPY Z-MODE OPERATION
To improve low current efficiency, the 34727 transitions
into the Sleepy Z-mode at load currents of approximately
1.0mA and lower. This is accomplished by powering down
internal circuit blocks to lower the device’s quiescent current.
Additionally, the oscillator frequency drops to 250kHz and the
low side switch is turned off, to emulate the operation of an
asynchronous buck converter.
DETAILED FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION
SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION
The 34727 implements two layers of protection during
overload conditions. The first is a current limit feature to
prevent the device and external components from damage.
When the peak inductor current reaches the over-current
limit, nominally 900mA, the high side MOSFET turns off to
provide cycle by cycle protection. If the over-current condition
persists and the die temperature surpasses the overtemperature protection (OTP) threshold, this second layer of
protection shuts down the device.
When a short-circuit condition occurs on the output, typical
regulators will tend to operate at maximum duty cycle. This
condition can saturate the inductor and produce severe peak
currents, resulting in damage to the device. The 34727
avoids this scenario by detecting output voltages below 0.5V.
Upon detection, the part re-starts continuously until the short
circuit condition is removed, or the part surpasses its OTP
threshold.
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
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FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION
OPERATIONAL MODES
OVER-TEMPERATURE PROTECTION
To limit its operating temperature, the 34727 shuts down if
the junction temperature of the switching MOSFET
surpasses 140°C. If the junction temperature subsequently
drops to 130°C, the 34727 re-starts.
SOFT-START OPERATION
To limit the in-rush current, an internal timer controls the
output voltage ramp after the part is enabled. The start-up
time is internally set to approximately 2.0ms and is
independent of input voltage, output voltage, or load current.
The soft-start sequence also occurs upon recovery from any
fault condition.
UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCK-OUT
The UVLO threshold is set to 2.7V for rising VIN, and to
2.5V for falling VIN. For a VOUT of 3.3V, the VOUT value will
track VIN below 3.6V until the 2.5V falling VIN threshold is
reached.
If the UVLO falling threshold is met, the part shuts down
and will power up again with soft-start, when the UVLO rising
threshold is surpassed.
MC34727
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
13
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
INPUT CAPACITOR
Depending on the load transient current, a larger capacitance
may be required.
The input capacitor is used to minimize the input voltage
transient that may cause instability when the load transient
current is high. Typically a 4.7µF X5R ceramic capacitor is
sufficient for most applications.
INDUCTOR SELECTION
A 4.7µH low DC resistance inductor is typically used for
the 34727 to guarantee the system stable operation.
OUTPUT CAPACITOR
For stable operation and low output voltage ripple, an X5R
ceramic capacitor of 4.7µF minimum value is needed.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
1.8V OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTOR
connects to the output directly for monitoring the output
voltage. Normally, the EN pin connects to the input supply
directly to enable the regulator.
Figure 16 shows a typical application using 34727B. CIN
and COUT are typically 4.7µF/X5R ceramic capacitors. L1 is
typically a 4.7µH low DC resistance inductor. The FB
34727B
2.7V ~ 5.5V
VIN
L1
SW
CIN
4.7µF
FB
EN
ON
OFF
4.7µH
1.8V
600mA
COUT
4.7µF
GND
Figure 16. 1.8V/600mA DC/DC convertor
MC34727
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
For the most current package revision, visit www.freescale.com and perform a keyword search using the “98A” listed below.
EP SUFFIX
8-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
MC34727
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
15
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
EP SUFFIX
8-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
MC34727
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
EP SUFFIX
8-PIN
98ASA10787D
REVISION A
MC34727
Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
17
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION HISTORY
REVISION
1.0
DATE
5/2008
DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES
•
Initial Release
MC34727
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Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data
Freescale Semiconductor
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34727
Rev. 1.0
5/2008
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