MPC89x58A
8-bit micro-controller
Features .................................................................................................................................. 2
General Description ............................................................................................................... 3
Order Information: ................................................................................................................. 3
Pin Description....................................................................................................................... 4
Pin Definition................................................................................................................. 4
Pin Configuration........................................................................................................... 6
Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................... 6
Special Function Register ...................................................................................................... 8
Memory.................................................................................................................................. 9
Organization................................................................................................................... 9
Nonvolatile Registers:.................................................................................................. 10
RAM ............................................................................................................................ 11
Embedded Flash........................................................................................................... 12
Functional Description......................................................................................................... 13
TIMERS/COUNTERS................................................................................................. 13
TIMER0 (T0) AND TIMER1 (T1) ...................................................................... 15
TIMER2 ............................................................................................................... 16
Interrupt........................................................................................................................ 20
Watchdog Timer........................................................................................................... 22
Serial IO Port (UART) ................................................................................................. 23
Reset............................................................................................................................. 26
Power Saving Mode and POF...................................................................................... 26
In System Programming (ISP) ..................................................................................... 27
In-Application Program ............................................................................................... 31
Note for Other SFR...................................................................................................... 32
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC89E58A) ........................................................................ 33
DC Characteristics (MPC89E58A)...................................................................................... 33
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC89L58A) ........................................................................ 34
DC Characteristics (MPC89L58A)...................................................................................... 34
Package Dimension.............................................................................................................. 35
Revision History .................................................................................................................. 38
This document contains information on a new product under development by Megawin. Megawin reserves the right to change or discontinue this
product without notice.
© Megawin Technology Co., Ltd. 2008 All rights reserved.
2008/12 version A12
MEGAWIN
Features
z 80C51 Central Processing Unit
z 32KB on-chip program memory
z ISP capability; optional 1KB/2KB/4KB ISP memory shared with data flash memory.
z IAP capability; up to 31 K bytes programmable data flash available shared with ISP memory.
z On-Chip 256 byte scratch-pad RAM and 1024 byte auxiliary RAM; Be capable of addressing up to
64 K bytes external memory
z MOVC-disabling, encrypting, and locking flash memory realize security mechanism.
z Three 16-bit timer/counter, Timer2 is an up/down counter with programmable clock output on P1.0
z Eight sources, four-level-priority interrupt capability
z Enhanced UART, provides frame-error detection and hardware address-recognition
z Dual DPTR for fast-accessing of data memory
z 15 bits Watch-Dog-Timer with 8-bit pre-scalar, one-time enabled
z Power control: Idle mode and Power-Down mode; Power-Down can be woken-up by
P3.2/P3.3/P4.2/P4.3
z Low EMI: inhibit ALE emission
z Four 8-bit bi-directional ports; extra four-bit additional P4 are available for PLCC-44 and PQPF-44
z On-Chip flash program/data memory:
- The data endurance of the embedded flash gets over 20,000 times.
- Greater than 100 years data rentention under room temperature
z Operating Voltage:
- 4.5V~5.5V for MPC89E58A
- 2.4V~3.6V for MPC89L58A, minimum 2.7V requirement in flash write operation (ISP/ICP/…...)
- Built-in Low-Voltage-Reset circuit.
z Operating Temperature
- Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)*
z Maximum Operating Frequency:
- Optional 12T or 6T mode
- Up to 48MHz@12T or 24MHz@6T, Industrial range
z Three package types:
- PDIP 40: MPC89x58AE
- PLCC 44: MPC89x58AP
- PQFP 44: MPC89x58AF
*: Tested by sampling
2
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
General Description
MPC89x58A is a single-chip 8-bit microcontroller with the instruction sets fully compatible with
industrial-standard 80C51 series microcontroller.
There is 32 K bytes flash memory embedded for application program. A 31 K bytes data flash is
shared by both In-System Programming code and In-Application-Programming code.
In-System-Programming and In-Application-Programming allows the users to download new
code or data while the microcontroller sits in the running state.
There are 1280 bytes on-chip RAM embedded that are provided to implement wide field
applications. The user can configure the device to run in 12 clocks per machine cycle, or 6
clocks per machine cycle to achieve twice performance.
MPC89x58A is built with four 8-bit I/O ports, one 4-bit I/O ports, three 16-bit timer/counters, an
eight-source, four-priority-level interrupt structure, an enhanced UART, and on-chip crystal
oscillator. It was fabricated in advanced embedded flash CMOS technology.
Excellent flash-endurance, flash-retention, and code-protecting security make MPC89x58A as
an excellent microcontroller.
If the supply voltage of the device is lower than 3.7V/2.4V (Operate in the 5V/3V).The device can
automatically go to reset, and we have named it the Low-Voltage-Reset.
Order Information:
Part Number
Temperature
Package
Packing
Range
Operation Voltage
x : (L/E)
MPC89x58AE
Industrial
PDIP-40
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC89x58AP
Industrial
PLCC-44
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MPC89x58AF
Industrial
PQFP-44
Tube
L: 3V / E: 5V
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
3
Pin Description
Pin Definition
Pin Number
Pin Name
Type
Description
B
Port0 is an open-drain, bi-directional IO
port. When 1s are written to Port0, they
become high-impedance inputs. Port0 is
also multiplexed with low-order address
or data bus during accesses to external
program and data memory.
DIP-40
PLCC-44
PQFP-44
P0.0 (AD0)
39
43
37
P0.1 (AD1)
38
42
36
P0.2 (AD2)
37
41
35
P0.3 (AD3)
36
40
34
P0.4 (AD4)
35
39
33
P0.5 (AD5)
34
38
32
P0.6 (AD6)
33
37
31
P0.7 (AD7)
32
36
30
P1.0 (T2)
1
2
40
P1.1 (T2EX)
2
3
41
P1.2
3
4
42
P1.3
4
5
43
P1.4
5
6
44
P1.5
6
7
1
P1.0 is also used as one of event
P1.6
7
8
2
P1.7
8
9
3
sources for timer2, or output carrier of
timer2, alias T2.
BU General-purposed I/O with weak pull-up
resistance inside. When 1s are written
into Port1, the strong output driving
PMOS only turn-on two clock periods
and then the weak pull-up resistance
keep the port high.
P1.1
is
also
used
as
one
of
interrupt-controlling sources for time2,
alias T2EX.
P2.0 (A8)
21
24
18
BU Port2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port
P2.1 (A9)
22
25
19
P2.2 (A10)
23
26
20
P2.3 (A11)
24
27
21
with pull-up resistance. Except being as
GPIO, Port2 emits the high-order
address byte during accessing to
external program and data memory.
P2.4 (A12)
25
28
22
P2.5 (A13)
26
29
23
P2.6 (A14)
27
30
24
P2.7 (A15)
28
31
25
P3.0 (RXD)
10
11
5
BU General-purposed I/O with weak pull-up
P3.1 (TXD)
11
13
7
P3.2 (INT0)
12
14
8
P3.3 (INT1)
13
15
9
resistance inside. When 1s are written
into Port1, the strong output driving
PMOS only turn-on two clock periods
and then the weak pull-up resistance
P3.4 (T0)
14
16
10
4
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
P3.5 (T1)
15
17
11
P3.6 (/WR)
16
18
12
keep the port high. Port3 also serves
other special functions of this device.
P3.7 (/RD)
17
19
13
P3.0 and P3.1 act as receiver and
transceiver of the data for UART function
block,
Alias RXD and TXD.
P3.2 and P3.3 also act as external
interrupt sources, alias INT0 and INT1.
P3.4 and P3.5 also act as event sources
for timer0 and timer1 individually, alias
T0 and T1.
P3.6 also acts as write signal while
access to external memory, alias /WR.
P3.7 also acts as read signal while
access to external memory, alias /RD.
P4.0
23
17
BU Port4 is extended I/O ports such like
P4.1
34
28
P4.2 (/INT3)
1
39
Port1. It can be available only on
44L-PLCC and 44L-PQFP package.
P4.3 (/INT2)
12
6
10
4
RESET
9
IS
A high on this pin for at least two
machine cycles will reset the device.
ALE
30
33
27
O
Output pulse for latching the low byte of
address during accesses to external
memory.
/PSEN
29
32
26
O
The read strobe to external program
memory, low active.
/EA
31
35
29
I
EA must be kept at low to enable the
device to fetch program code from
external flash memory.
An internal pull-up resistance has been
embedded in this pin.
XTAL1
19
21
15
I
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier.
XTAL2
18
20
14
O
Output from the inverting amplifier.
VDD
40
44
38
P
Power Supply
VSS
20
22
16
G
Ground
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
5
Pin Configuration
VDD
P0.0 (AD0)
P0.1 (AD1)
P0.2 (AD2)
P0.3 (AD3)
P0.4 (AD4)
P0.5 (AD5)
P0.6 (AD6)
P0.7 (AD7)
/EA
ALE
/PSEN
P2.7 (A15)
P2.6 (A14)
P2.5 (A13)
P2.4 (A12)
P2.3 (A11)
P2.2 (A10)
P2.1 (A9)
P2.0 (A8)
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RESET
(RXD) P3.0
(/INT2) P4.3
(TXD) P3.1
(INT0) P3.2
(INT1) P3.3
(T0) P3.4
(T1) P3.5
6 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40
39
7
38
8
37
9
36
10
35
11
34
12
33
13
32
14
15
31
30
16
29
17
18 19 20 21 2223 24 25 26 2728
MPC89x58AP
(PLCC-44)
P0.4 (AD4)
P0.5 (AD5)
P0.6 (AD6)
P0.7 (AD7)
/EA
P4.1
ALE
/PSEN
P2.7 (A15)
P2.6 (A14)
P2.5 (A13)
P2.4 (A12)
P2.3 (A11)
P2.2 (A10)
P2.1 (A9)
P2.0 (A8)
P4.0
VSS
XTAL1
XTAL2
P3.7 (/RD)
P3.6 (/WR)
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
(AD3) P0.3
(AD2) P0.2
(AD1) P0.1
(AD0) P0.0
VDD
(INT3) P4.2
(T2) P1.0
(T2EX) P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
MPC89x58AE
(PDIP-40)
(T2) P1.0
(T2EX) P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RESET
(RXD) P3.0
(TXD) P3.1
(INT0) P3.2
(INT1) P3.3
(T0) P3.4
(T1) P3.5
(/WR) P3.6
(/RD) P3.7
XTAL2
XTAL1
VSS
(AD3) P0.3
(AD2) P0.2
(AD1) P0.1
(AD0) P0.0
VDD
(INT3) P4.2
(T2) P1.0
(T2EX) P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RESET
(RXD) P3.0
(/INT2) P4.3
(TXD) P3.1
(INT0) P3.2
(INT1) P3.3
(T0) P3.4
(T1) P3.5
44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
33
1
32
2
31
3
4
30
5
29
28
6
27
7
26
8
25
9
24
10
23
11
12 13 14 15 1617 18 19 20 2122
MPC89x58AF
(PQFP-44)
P0.4 (AD4)
P0.5 (AD5)
P0.6 (AD6)
P0.7 (AD7)
/EA
P4.1
ALE
/PSEN
P2.7 (A15)
P2.6 (A14)
P2.5 (A13)
P2.4 (A12)
P2.3 (A11)
P2.2 (A10)
P2.1 (A9)
P2.0 (A8)
P4.0
VSS
XTAL1
XTAL2
P3.7 (/RD)
P3.6 (/WR)
Block Diagram
6
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
P2.0 ~ P2.7
RAM ADDR
Register
B Register
RAM256
P0.0 ~ P0.7
Port2 Driver
Port0 Driver
Port2 Latch
Port0 Latch
ACC
Stack Pointer
TMP2
Flash ROM
ISP
TMP1
Timer0/1
Timer2
ALU
Address
Generator
UART
PSW
WDT
Program
Counter
DPTR
Port1 Latch
PSEN
ALE
EA
RESET
Port3 Latch
Port4 Latch
Control
Unit
ERAM
Port1 Driver
XTAL1
Port3 Driver
Port4 Driver
XTAL2
P1.0 ~ P1.7
P3.0 ~ P3.7
P4.0 ~ P4.3
MC89X58A Block Diagram
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
7
Special Function Register
F8
F0
E8
E0
D8
D0
C8
C0
B8
B0
A8
A0
98
90
88
80
B
P4
ACC
PSW
T2CON
XICON
IP
P3
IE
P2
SCON
P1
TCON
P0
SYMBOL
P0
SP
DPL
DPH
PCON
TCON
TMOD
TL0
TL1
TH0
TH1
AUXR
P1
SCON
SBUF
P2
AUXR1
IE
SADDR
P3
IPH
IP
SADEN
XICON
T2CON
T2MOD
RCAP2L
RCAP2H
TL2
TH2
PSW
ACC
WDTCR
IFD
IFADRH
IFADRL
IFMT
SCMD
ISPCR
P4
B
8
WDTCR
IFD
IFADRH
IFADRL
IFMT
T2MOD
RCAP2L
RCAP2H
TL2
TH2
SCMD
ISPCR
SADEN
IPH
SADDR
AUXR1
SBUF
TMOD
SP
TL0
DPL
Reserved
TL1
DPH
TH0
DESCRIPTION
Port 0
Stack Pointer
Data Pointer Low
Data Pointer High
Power Control
SMOD SMOD0
POF GF1
Timer Control
TF1
TR1
TF0 TR0
IE1
Timer Mode
GATE
C//T
M1
M0 GATE
Timer Low 0
Timer Low 1
Timer High 0
Timer High 1
Auxiliary
Port 1
Serial Control
SM0 /FE M1
SM2 REN TB8
Serial Buffer
Port 2
Auxiliary 1
GF2
Interrupt Enable
EA
ET2 ES
ET1
Slave Address
Port 3
RD
WR
T1
T0
INT1
Interrupt Priority High
PX3H PX2H PT2H PSH PT1H
Interrupt Priority Low
PT2 PS
PT1
Slave Address Mask
External Interrupt Control
PX3
EX3
IE3
IT3
PX2
Timer 2 Control
TF2
EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2
Timer2 mode
Timer2 Capture Low
Timer2 Capture High
Timer Low 2
Timer High 2
Program Status Word
CY
AC
F0 RS1 RS0
Accumulator
Watch-dog-timer Control
ENW CLW WIDL
register
ISP Flash data
ISP Flash Address High
ISP Flash Address Low
ISP Mode Table
ISP Serial Command
ISP Control Register
ISPEN
BS SRST
Port 4
EBH
B Register
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
TH1
AUXR
PCON
GF0
IT1
C//T
PD
IE0
M1
ERAM
T2EX
RB8
TI
EX1
ET0
INT0 TXD
PX1H PT0H
PX1 PT0
EX2
TR2
IE2
C/T2
T2OE
OV
-
PS2
PS1
MS2
INITIAL VALUE
11111111B
00000111B
00000000B
00000000B
IDL
01110000B
IT0
00000000B
M0
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
AO
xxxxx00B
T2
11111111B
RI
00000000B
xxxxxxxxB
11111111B
DPS
xxxx0xx0B
EX0
00000000B
00000000B
RXD
11111111B
PX0H
x0000000B
PX0
x0000000B
00000000B
IT2
CP/RL
00000000B
DCEN
xxxxxx00B
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
00000000B
P
00000000B
00000000B
PS0
xx000000B
MS1
MS0
ICK2 ICK1
EAH E9H
ICK0
E8H
11111111B
00000000B
00000000B
xxxxx000B
xxxxxxxxB
000xx000B
xxxx1111B
00000000B
MEGAWIN
Memory
Organization
00-7F
RAM, Access it via direct addressing
80-FF
SFR, Access it via direct addressing
80-FF
indirect on-chip RAM,
Access it via indirect addressing
0000-03FF
on-chip expanded RAM (1024B),
Access it via MOVX instruction
0000-
off-chip memory, enabled by setting ERAM
03FF
FF
80
7F
00
Address Space for MPC89x58A RAM
0000-7FFF
Program Memory (32KB)
8000-FBFF
NonVolatile data memory
shared with ISP program
memory.
ISP program could take
1KB, 2KB or 4KB
depending on OR0[5:4]
FBFF
8000
7FFF
0000
Address Space for MPC89x58A embedded Flash memory
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
ISPAS1
ISPAS0
Non-volatile register OR0
7
FZWDTCR
MEGAWIN
6
5
4
3
OSCDN
Non-volatile register OR1
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
MOVCL
SB
LOCK
2
1
0
HWBS
EN6T
9
Nonvolatile Registers:
There are two Nonvolatile Registers named OR0 and OR1 individually. They are designed to
configure the MPC89x58A options.
Generally these two nonvolatile registers will be written via a popular NVM writer, say Hi-Lo
System All-11, Leaper-48 and Megawin-Provided MCU writer. Furthermore, the user can change
the NVM register OR1 by the ISP program in a manner as same as writing the data flash, but
OR0 can only be written via an off-line popular NVM writer.
NVM register: OR0 (Option Register 0):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
ISPAS1
ISPAS0
-
MOVCL
SB
LOCK
{ISPAS1, ISPAS0}: Used to identify the start address for ISP program
{0, 0}: = The ISP space is from 0xEC00 to 0xFBFF (4K size).
{0, 1}: = The ISP space is from 0xF400 to 0xFBFF (2K size).
{1, 0}: = The ISP space is from 0xF800 to 0xFBFF (1K size)
{1, 1}: = No ISP space.
These two bits decide where the ISP program locates, and how the ISP program and the data flash shares
the 31K embedded flash.
MOVCL: Used to determine if MOVC instruction will be disabled.
0:= MOVC is conditionally disabled.
1:= MOVC is always available.
SB: Used to determine if the program code will be scrambled while it is dumped.
0:= Code dump from Writer is scrambled.
1:= Code dump from Writer is transparent.
LOCK: Used to determine if the program code will be locked against the popular writer.
0:= lock code.
1:= does not lock code
If the code is locked, all the data dumped from a popular will always show FFh.
Please check file initial Configuration.pdf to get the default value of the OR0.
10
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
NVM register: OR1 (Option Register 1):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
FZWDTCR
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
OSCDN
Bit-1
Bit-0
HWBS
EN6T
FZWDTCR: Used to freeze the WDT-controlling register.
0 := Configure the SFR WDTCR to be reset only via power-up action, not by software reset nor
reset from the Watch Dog Timer.
1:= (default) Permit all the reset events from power-up, software and the Watch Dog Timer
could reset the SFR WDTCR.
OSCDN: Used to adjust the behavior of crystal oscillator.
0:= The DC gained of crystal oscillator amplifier is doubled but bandwidth is reduced. It will bring
help to EMI reducing and improve the power consumption. Dealing with application does
not need high frequency clock (under 20MHz). It is recommended to do so.
1:= The gained of crystal oscillator is enough for oscillator to start oscillating up to 48MHz.
HWBS: Used to configure the MPC89x58A boot from ISP program or normal application program after the
power-on sequence.
0:= The MPC89x58A will boot from ISP start address after power-on.
1:= No operation. The MPC89x58A will boot from normal application program.
EN6T: Used to configure the MPC89x58A run in 6T 12T mode or 6T mode.
0:= The MPC89x58A will run in 6T mode
1:= The MPC89x58A will run in 12T mode
The default value of the OR1 is FFh.
RAM
There are 1280 bytes RAM built in MPC89x58A.
The user can visit the leading 128-byte RAM via direct addressing instructions, we have named
those RAM as direct RAM that occupies address space 00h to 7Fh.
Followed 128-byte RAM can be visited via indirect addressing instructions, we have named
those RAM as indirect RAM that occupied address space 80h to FFh.
The other 1024-byte RAM is named expanded RAM that still occupied address space 0000h to
03FFh. An user can access it via general register Ri, or via data pointers DPTR associated with
MOVX instructions, say MOVX
A, @R1
or
MOVX
A, @DPTR.
To reserve the natural characteristic
of instruction MOVX which is designed to access external memory, the user can set the bit
ERAM in SFR AUXR as 1, and by doing so is to hide the expanded RAM and to visit the external
memory.
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
11
Embedded Flash
There is totally 63 K bytes flash embedded in the MPC89x58A.
The leading 32 K bytes flash memory is designed for storage of the user program, followed 31 K
bytes flash memory is shared with nonvolatile data flash and ISP program.
While the program counter of MPC89x58A is spanning over 7FFFh, the device will fetch its
program code from the external memory at once ignoring the /EA pin status. In that case, it will
never fetch the program code from the following embedded flash.
The user can develop his ISP program and put it into the embedded flash that addressed from
EC00h, F400h, or F800h by configuring OR0 [5:4]. Excluding the ISP program, the remained
flash spaces can be taken as data flash which can be read, even written by the application
program or the ISP program from the user.
12
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Functional Description
TIMERS/COUNTERS
MPC89x58A has three 16-bit timers, and they are named T0, T1 and T2. Each of them can
also be used as a general event counter, which counts the transition from 1 to 0.
While T0/T1/T2 is used as “timer” function, the time unit that used to measure the timer is
machine cycle. A machine cycle equals 12 or 6 oscillator periods, and it depends on 12T mode
or 6T mode that the user configured this device.
While T0/T1/T2 is used as “1-0 event counter” function, the counting event is the “high-to-low
transition” of primitive pin T0/T1/T2. In this mode, the device periodically samples the status of
pin T0/T1/T2 once for each machine cycle. Whenever the sampled result turns from 1 to 0, the
device will count once on the counter. Becarefully, this kind of implementation for the counter
requires the high-duty or low-duty from pin T0/T1/T2 and must not too short compared to a
machine cycle.
There are two SFR designed to configure timers T0 and T1. They are TMOD, and TCON.
There are extra two SFR designed to configure timer T2. They are T2MOD, and T2CON.
SFR: TMOD
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
(for timer1 use)
GATE
C//T
M1
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
(for timer0 use)
M0
GATE
C//T
M1
M0
GATE: Gating control when set. If GATE=1, Timer/Counter x is enabled only while “/INTx” pin is high and
“TRx” control bit is set. When cleared Timer x is enabled whenever “TRx” control bit is set.
C//T: Timer or Counter function selector. 0: =timer, 1: =counter
{M1, M0}: mode select
{0, 0}: = 13-bit timer/counter for Timer0 and Timer1
{0, 1}: = 16-bit timer/counter for Timer0 and Timer1
{1, 0}: = 8-bit timer/counter with automatic reload for Timer0 and Timer1
{1, 1}: = for Timer0: = TL0 is 8-bit timer/counter, TH0 is locked into 8-bit timer
for Timer1: = Timer/Counter1 Stopped
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
13
SFR: TCON
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
TF1: = Timer1 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when the
processor vectors to the interrupt routine, or clearing the bit in software.
TR1: = Timer1 run control bit. Set/Cleared by software.
TF0: = Timer0 overflow flag. Set by hardware on Timer/Counter overflow. Cleared by hardware when the
processor vectors to the interrupt routine, or clearing the bit in software.
TR0: = Timer1 run control bit. Set/Cleared by software.
IE1: = Interrupt 1 Edge flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when interrupt
processed.
IT1: = Interrupt 1 type control bit. Set/Cleared by software to specified falling edge/low level triggered
interrupt.
IE0: = Interrupt 0 Edge flag. Set by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when interrupt
processed.
IT0: = Interrupt 0 type control bit. Set/Cleared by software to specified falling edge/low level triggered
interrupt.
SFR: T2MOD
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
T2OE
DCEN
T2OE: Timer 2 Output Enable bit. It enables Timer2 overflow rate to toggle P1.0.
DCEN: Down Count Enable bit. When set, this allows Timer2 to be configured as a down counter.
SFR: T2CON
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
TF2
EXF2
RCLK
TCLK
EXEN2
TR2
C//T2
CP/RL2
TF2: Timer2 overflow flag. It will be set by a Timer2 overflow and must be cleared by software.
TF2 will not be set when either TCLK or RCLK =1.
EXF2: Timer2 external flag. It will be set when either a capture or reload is caused by a negative transition
on pin T2EX and EXEN2=1. When Timer2 interrupt is enabled, EXF2=1 will cause the CPU to vector
to he timer2 interrupt routine. EXF2 must be cleared by software. EXF2 does not cause an interrupt in
Auto-Reload Up-Down mode (ARUD).
RCLK: When set causes the serial port to use Timer2 overflow pulse for it’s receive clock in mode and
mode 3. RCLK=0 causes Timer1 overflow pulse to be used.
TCLK: When set causes the serial port to use Timer2 overflow pulse for its transmit clock in mode 1 and
mode 3. RCLK=0 causes Timer1 overflow pulse to be used.
EXEN2: Timer-2 external enable flag. When set, allows a capture or reload to occur. As a result of a
negative transition on T2EX if Timer2 is not being used to clock the serial port.
EXEN2=0 causes Timer2 to ignore events at T2EX.
TR2: Start/Stop control for Timer2.
14
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
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C/T2: Timer or counter select. 0 is for timer and 1 is for external event counter.
CP/RL2: Capture/Reload flag. When set, captures will occurs on a negative transition at T2EX if EXEN2=1.
When cleared, auto-reloads will occur either with Timer2 overflows or a negative transition at
T2EX when EXEN2=1. When whether TCLK or RCLK is 1, this bit is ignored and the timer is
forced to auto-reload on Timer2 overflow.
TIMER0 (T0) AND TIMER1 (T1)
Mode 0
The timer register is configured as a 13-bit register. As the count rolls over from all 1s to all 0s, it
sets the timer interrupt flag TFx. The counted input is enabled to the timer when TRx = 1 and
either GATE=0 or INTx = 1. Mode 0 operation is the same for Timer0 and Timer1.
OSC/12
0
T0 or T1 pin
(sampled)
1
0
1
TLx[4:0] THx[7:0]
TFx
Interrupt
C//T
TRx
GATE
/INTx
Mode 0
Mode 1
Mode1 is the same as Mode0, except that the timer register is being run with all 16 bits.
OSC/12
0
T0 or T1 pin
(sampled)
1
0
1
TLx[7:0] THx[7:0]
TFx
Interrupt
C//T
TRx
GATE
Mode 1
/INTx
Mode 2
Mode 2 configures the timer register as an 8-bit counter (TLx) with automatic reload. Overflow
from TLx does not only set TFx, but also reloads TLx with the content of THx, which is
determined by user’s program. The reload leaves THx unchanged. Mode 2 operation is the
same for Timer0 and Timer1.
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
15
0
OSC/12
T0 or T1 pin
(Sampled)
0
TLx [7:0]
TFx
1
1
C//T
Interrupt
Reload
TRx
GATE
THx [7:0]
Mode 2
/INTx
Mode 3
Timer1 in Mode3 simply holds its count, the effect is the same as setting TR1 = 1. Timer0 in
Mode 3 enables TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8-bit counters. TL0 uses the Timer0 control bits
such like C/T, GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (can not be external
event counter) and take over the use of TR1, TF1 from Timer1. TH0 now controls the Timer1
interrupt.
0
OSC/12
0
1
Sampled T0 pin
TL0 [7:0]
TF0
Interrupt
1
C//T
TR0
GATE
/INT0
Mode 3
0
1
XTAL2
TH0 [7:0]
TF1
Interrupt
TR1
TIMER2
Timer2 is a 16-bit timer/counter which can operate as either an event timer or an event counter
as selected by C//T2 in the special function register T2CON. Timer2 has four operation modes:
Capture Mode (CP), Auto-Reload Up/Down Mode (ARUD), Auto-Reload Up-Only mode (ARUO)
and Baud-Rate Generator Mode (BRG).
Logical OR
(RCLK, TCLK)
x
1
0
0
0
CP/RL2
TR2
DCEN
x
x
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
x
0
0
0
1
Mode
OFF
Baud-Rate Generation
Capture
Auto-Reload Up-only
Auto-Reload Up/Down
Timer2 Mode Table
16
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Timer2 is also can be configured as a periodical signal generator.
The MPC89x58A is able to generate a programmable clock output on P1.0. When T2OE bit is set
and C//T2 bit is cleared, Timer2 overflow pulse will generate a 50% duty clock and output that to
P1.0. The frequency of clock-out is calculated according to the following formula.
Oscillator frequency
4 x (65536 – RCAP2H, RCAP2L)
In the clock-out mode, Timer2 rollovers will not generate an interrupt.
Capture Mode (CP)
In the Capture mode, Timer2 is incremented by either OSC/12 or external pin (T2) 1-to-0
transition. TR2 controls the event to timer2 and a 1-to-0 transition on T2EX pin will trigger
RCAP2H and RCAP2L registers to capture the Timer2 contents onto them if EXEN2 is set. An
overflow in Timer2 sets TF2 flag and a 1-to-0 transition in T2EX pin sets EXF2 flag if EXEN2=1.
TF2 and EXF2 is ORed to request the interrupt service.
OSC/12
0
1
T2 pin
0
1
TL2 [7:0]
TH2[7:0]
RCAP2L [7:0]
RCAP2H [7:0]
TF2
C//T2
TR2
T2EX pin
Interrupt
EXF2
EXEN2
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
17
Auto-Reload Up-Only Mode (ARUO)
In ARUO mode, Timer2 can be configured to count up with a software-defined value to be
reloaded. When reset is applied to the DCEN =0 and CP/RL2=0, Timer2 is at ARUO mode. An
overflow on Timer2 or 1-to-0 transition on T2EX pin will load RCAP2H and RCAP2L contents
onto Timer2, also set TF2 and EXF2, respectively.
OSC/12
0
1
0
1
T2 pin
TL2 [7:0]
TH2[7:0]
RCAP2L [7:0]
RCAP2H [7:0]
TF2
C//T2
TR2
Interrupt
EXF2
T2EX pin
EXEN2
Auto-Reload Up-Down Mode (ARUD)
In ARUD mode, Timer2 can be configured to count up or down. When DCEN =1 and CP/RL2=0,
Timer2 is at ARUD mode. The counting direction is determined by T2EX pin. If T2EX=1, counting
up; otherwise, counting down. An overflow on Timer2 will set TF2 and toggle EXF2. EXF2 cannot
generate interrupt request in this mode. If the counting direction is DOWN, the overflow loads
0xFFFF onto Timer2, and if counting direction is UP, the overflow loads RCAP2H, RCAP2L
contents onto Timer2.
FFH
FFH
EXF2
OSC/12
0
T2 pin
1
0
1
TL2 [7:0]
TH2[7:0]
TF2
Interrupt
C//T2
TR2
18
RCAP2L [7:0]
RCAP2H [7:0]
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
T2EX pin
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Baud-Rate Generator Mode (BRG)
Timer2 can be configured to generate various baud-rate. Bit TCLK and/or RCLK in T2CON allow
the serial port transmit and receive baud rates to be derived from either Timer1 or Timer2. When
TCLK=0, Timer1 is used as the serial port transmit baud rate generator. When TCLK=1, Timer2
is used as the serial port transmit baud rate generator. RCLK has the same effect for the serial
port baud rate. With these two bits, the serial port can have different receive and transmit baud
rates – one generated from Timer1 and the other from Timer2.
In BRG mode, Timers is operated very like auto-reload up-only mode except that the T2EX pin
cannot control reload.
An overflow on Timer2 will load RCAP2H, RCAP2L contents onto
Timer2, but TF2 will not be set. A 1-to-0 transition on P2EX pin can set EXF2 to request interrupt
service if EXEN2=1.
The baud rate in UART Mode1 and Mode3 are determined by Timer2’s overflow rate given
below:
Baud Rate =
Timer2 overflow rate
16
Baud Rate =
Oscillator Frequency
[32 x [65536 – (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) ] ]
(counting T2EX)
(as a timer)
Timer1 overflow
2
“0” “1”
SMOD
OSC/12
0
T2 pin
1
0
TL2[7:0]
1
TH2[7:0]
“1”
“0”
RCLK
16
C//T2
TR2
“1”
“0”
TCLK
RCAP2L[7:0]
RX Clock
RCAP2H[7:0]
16
TX Clock
EXF2
T2EX pin
Timer2 interrupt
EXEN2
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
19
Interrupt
There are eight interrupt sources available in MPC89x58A. Each interrupt source can be
individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the SFR named IE. This register
also contains a global disable bit (EA), which can be cleared to disable all interrupts at once.
Each interrupt source has two corresponding bits to represent its priority. One is located in SFR
named IPH and the other in IP/XICON register. Higher-priority interrupt will be not interrupted by
lower-priority interrupt request. If two interrupt requests of different priority levels are received
simultaneously, the request of higher priority is serviced. If interrupt requests of the same priority
level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is
serviced. The following table shows the internal polling sequence in the same priority level and
the interrupt vector address.
Source
External interrupt 0
Timer 0
External interrupt 1
Timer1
Serial Port
Timer2
External interrupt 2
External interrupt 3
Vector address
03H
0BH
13H
1BH
23H
2BH
33H
3BH
Priority within level
1 (highest)
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
The external interrupt /INT0, /INT1, /INT2 and /INT3 each can be either level-activated or
transition-activated, depending on bits IT0 and IT1 in SFR TCON, IT2 and IT3 and XICON. The
flags that actually generate these interrupts are bits IE0 and IE1 in TCON, IE2 and IE3 in XICON.
When an external interrupt is generated, the flag that generated it is cleared by the hardware.
When the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition –activated, and then
the external requesting source controls the request flag, rather than the on-chip hardware.
The Timer0 and Timer1 interrupts are generated by TF0 and TF1, which are set by a rollover in
their respective Timer/Counter registers in most cases. When a timer interrupt is generated, the
flag, which generated it, is cleared by the on-chip hardware as soon as the service routine is
vectored to.
The serial port interrupt is generated by the logical OR of RI and TI. Neither of these flags is
cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine should poll RI
and TI to determine which one to request service and it will be cleared by software.
The timer2 interrupt is generated by the logical OR of TF2 and EXF2. Just the same as serial
port, neither of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to.
All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software, and it has the same
20
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
impact as done through it by hardware. In other words, interrupts or pending interrupts can be
generated or canceled in software.
The following content describes several SFR related to interrupt mechanism.
SFR: IE (Interrupt Enabling):
Bit-7
Bit-6
EA
EA:
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ET2
ES
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
Global disables all interrupts when cleared.
ET2: When set, enables Timer2 interrupt.
ES:
When set, enables the serial port interrupt.
ET1: When set, enables Timer1 interrupt.
EX1: When set, enables external interrupt 1.
ET0: When set, enables Timer 0 interrupt.
EX0: When set, enables external interrupt 0.
SFR: IP (Interrupt Priority Low):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
PT2
PS
PT1
PX1
PT0
PX0
PT2:
If set, Set priority for timer2 interrupt higher
PS:
If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt higher
PT1:
If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt higher
PX1:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 higher
PT0:
If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt higher
PX0:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 higher
SFR: IPH (Interrupt Priority High):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
PX3H
PX2H
PT2H
PSH
PT1H
PX1H
PT0H
PX0H
PX3H:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 3 highest
PX2H:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 2 highest
PT2H:
If set, Set priority for timer2 interrupt highest
PSH:
If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt highest
PT1H:
If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt highest
PX1H:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 highest
PT0H:
If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt highest
PX0H:
If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 highest
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
21
IP (or XICON) and IPH are combined to form 4-level priority interrupt as the following table.
Priority
Level
1 (highest)
2
3
4
{IPH.x , IP.x}
11
10
01
00
SFR: XICON (External Interrupt Control):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
PX3
EX3
IE3
IT3
PX2
EX2
IE2
IT2
PX3 : If set, Set priority for external interrupt 3 higher
EX3 : If set, Enables external interrupt 3.
IE3
: Interrupt 3 Edge flag. Sets by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when
interrupt processed.
IT3
: Interrupt 3 type control bit. Set/Cleared by software to specified falling edge/low level triggered
interrupt.
PX2 : If set, Set priority for external interrupt 3 higher
EX2 : If set, enables external interrupt 2.
IE2
: Interrupt 2 Edge flag. Sets by hardware when external interrupt edge detected. Cleared when
interrupt processed.
IT2
: Interrupt 2 types control bit. Set/Cleared by software to specify falling edge/low level triggered
interrupt.
Watchdog Timer
8
CLK/12
ENW
8-bit pre-scalar timer
15-bit WDT
RESET
PS0
IDLE
PS1
WIDL
PS2
CLRW
22
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SFR: WDTCR (Watchdog Timer Control):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
ENW
CLRW
WIDL
PS2
PS1
PS0
ENW: Enable WDT while it is set. ENW cannot be cleared by firmware.
1: = enable watchdog timer, 0: = does not use watchdog timer
CLRW: Clear WDT to recount while it is set. Hardware will automatically clear this bit.
WIDL: Set this bit to disable WDT generating reset even though the μC is in idle mode.
{PS2, PS1, PS0}: select the pre-scalar output.
{0, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 2
{0, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 4
{0, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 8
{0, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 16
{1, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 32
{1, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 64
{1, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 128
{1, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 256
Serial IO Port (UART)
The serial port of MPC89x58A is duplex. It can transmit and receive simultaneously. The
receiving and transmitting of the serial port share the same SFR SBUF, but actually there are
two SBUF registers implemented in the chip, one is for transmitting and the other is for receiving.
The serial port can be operated in 4 different modes.
Mode 0
Generally, this mode purely is used to extend the I/O features of this device.
Operating under this mode, the device receives the serial data or transmits the serial data via pin
RXD, while there is a clock stream shifted via pin TXD which makes convenient for external
synchronization. An 8-bit data is serially transmitted/received with LSB first. The baud rate is
fixed at 1/12 the oscillator frequency.
Mode1
A 10-bits data is serially transmitted through TXD or received through RXD. The frame data
includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits and a stop bit (1). After the receiving, the device will keep the
stop bit in RB8 which from SRF SCON.
Baud Rate (for Mode 1) =
or =
2 SMOD
32
X
(Timer-1 overflow rate)
(Timer-2 overflow rate)
16
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
23
Mode2
An 11-bit data is serially transmitted through TXD or received through RXD. The frame data
includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits, a programmable 9th bit and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the 9th
data bit comes from TB8 in SFR SCON. On receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in SCON.
The baud rate is programmable, and permitted to be set either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator
frequency.
Baud Rate (for Mode 2)
=
2 SMOD
64
X
Fosc
Mode3
Mode 3 is the same as mode 2 except the baud rate is variable.
2 SMOD
32
Baud Rate (for Mode 3) =
or =
X
(Timer-1 overflow rate)
(Timer-2 overflow rate)
16
In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination
register. Reception is initiated in mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is
initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit with 1-to-0 transition if REN=1.
There are several SFR related to serial port configuration described as following.
SFR: SCON (Serial Port Control):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
SM0/FE
SM1
SM2
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
FE: Frame Error bit. This bit is set by the receiver when an invalid stop bit is detected. The FE bit is not
cleared by valid frames, but should be cleared by software. The SMOD0 (PCON.6) bit must be set to
enable access to the FE bit.
{SM0, SM1}: Used to set operating mode of the serial port. It is enabled to access by clearing SMOD0.
{0, 0}:= set the serial port operate under Mode 0
{0, 1}:= set the serial port operate under Mode 1
{1, 0}:= set the serial port operate under Mode 2
{1, 1}:= set the serial port operate under Mode 3
24
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
SM2: Enable the automatic address recognition feature in mode 2 and 3. If SM2=1, RI will not be set unless
the received 9th data bit is 1, indicating an address, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast
address. In mode1, if SM2=1 then RI will not be set unless a valid stop Bit was received, and the
received byte is a Given or Broadcast address.
REN: Enable the serial port reception. 1:= enable
0:= disable
TB8: The 9th data bit, which will be transmitted in Mode 2 and Mode 3.
RB8: In mode 2 and 3, the received 9th data bit will go into this bit.
TI: Transmit interrupt flag. After a transmit has been finished, the hardware will set this bit.
RI: Receive interrupt flag. After reception has been finished, the hardware will set this bit.
SFR: SBUF (Serial port Buffer register):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
(data to be transmitted or received data)
Automatic Address Recognition
There is an extra feature makes the device convenient to act as a master, which communicates
to multiple slaves simultaneously. It is really Automatic Address Recognition.
There are two SFR SADDR and SADEN implemented in the device. The user can read or write
both of them. Finally, the hardware will make use of these two SFR to “generate” a “compared
byte”. The formula specifies as following.
Bit[ i ] of Compared Byte = (SADEN[ i ] == 1 )?
SADDR[ i ]
:
x
For example:
Set SADDR = 11000000b
Set SADEN = 11111101b
Ö The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “110000x0”
(x means don’t care)
For another example:
Set SADDR = 11100000b
Set SADEN = 11111010b
Ö The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “11100x0x”
After the generic “Compared Byte” has been worked out, the MPC89x58A will make use of this
byte to determine how to set the bit RI in SFR SCON.
Normally, an UART will set bit RI whenever it has done a byte reception; but for the UART in the
MPC89x58A, if the bit SM2 is set, it will set RI according to the following formula.
RI
=
MEGAWIN
(SM2 == 1) && (SBUF == Compared Byte) && (RB8 == 1)
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
25
In other words, not all data reception will respond to RI, while specific data does.
By setting the SADDR and the SADEN, the user can filter out those data byte that doesn’t like to
care. This feature brings great help to reduce software overhead.
The above feature adapts to the serial port when operated in Mode1, Mode2, and Mode3.
Dealing with Mode 0, the user can ignore it.
Frame Error Detection
A missing bit in stop bit will set the FE bit in the SCON register. The FE bit shares the SCON bit 7
with SM0 and its actual function for SCON.7 is determined by SMOD0 (PCON.6). If SMOD0 is
set, SCON.7 functions as FE, otherwise functions as SM0. When used as FE bit, it can only be
cleared by software.
Reset
The RESET pin is used to reset this device. It is connected into the device to a Schmitt Trigger
buffer to get excellent noise immunity.
Any positive pulse from RESET pin must be kept at least two-machine cycle, or the device
cannot be reset.
Power Saving Mode and POF
There are two power saving modes which are selectable to drive the MPC89x58A to enter
power-saving mode.
1. IDLE mode
The user can set the bit PCON.0, so to drive this chip entering IDLE mode.
In the IDLE mode, the internal clock is gated off to the CPU, but not to the interrupt, timer and
serial port functions.
There are two ways to terminate the idle. Activation of any enabled interrupt will cause PCON.0
to be cleared by hardware to terminating the idle mode. The interrupt will be serviced, and
following RETI, the next instruction to be executed will be performed right after the instruction
that causes the device entering to idle mode. Another way to wake-up from idle is to pull RESET
pin high to generate internal hardware reset.
26
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
2. POWER-DOWN mode
The user can set the bit PCON.1 to drive this chip entering POWER-DOWN mode.
In the POWER-DOWN mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. The contents of on-chip RAM and
SFRs are maintained.
The power-down mode can be woken-up by either hardware reset or /INT0, /INT1, /INT2 and
/INT3 external interrupts. When it is woken-up by RESET pin, the program will execute from the
address 0x0000, and be carefully to keep RESET pin active for at least 10ms in order to get a
stable clock while waking up this chip from POWER-DOWN mode. If it is woken-up from I/O, the
program will jump to related interrupt service routine. To use I/O wake-up, interrupt-related
registers have to be programmed accurately before power-down is entered. Pay attention to
add at least one “NOP” instruction subsequent to the power-down instruction if I/O
waken-up is used.
Mode
Idle
Idle
Power-Down
Power-Down
Program Memory
Internal
External
Internal
External
ALE
1
1
0
0
PSEN
1
1
0
0
Port0
Data
Float
Data
Float
Port1
Data
Data
Data
Data
Port2
Data
Address
Data
Data
Port3
Data
Data
Data
Data
Pin Status in IDLE Mode and POWER-DOWN Mode
3. POWER-ON FLAG (POF)
The register bit in PCON.4 is set only by power-on action. System RESET from watch-dog-timer,
software RESET and RESET pin can not set this bit. It can be cleared by firmware.
In System Programming (ISP)
To develop a good program for ISP function, the user has to understand the architecture of the
embedded flash.
The embedded flash consists of 30 pages. Each page contains 512 bytes.
Dealing with flash, the user must erase it in page unit before writing (programming) data into it.
Erasing flash means setting the content of that flash as FFh. Two erase modes are available in
this chip. One is mass mode and the other is page mode. The mass mode gets more
performance, but it erases the entire flash. The page mode is something performance less, but
it is flexible since it erases flash in page unit.
Unlike RAM’s real-time operation, to erase flash or to write (program) flash often takes longer
time to finish.
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
27
Furthermore, it is a quite complex timing procedure to erase/program flash. Fortunately, the
MPC89x58A carried with convenient mechanism to help the user read/change the flash content.
Just filling the target address and data into several SFR, and triggering the built-in ISP
automation, the user can easily erase, read, and program the embedded flash and option
registers OR1.
There are several SFR designed to help the user implement the ISP functionality.
SFR: IFD (ISP Flash Data register):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
(Data to be written into flash, or data got from flash)
IFD is the data port register for ISP operation. The data in IFD will be written into the desired address in
operating ISP write and it is the data window of readout in operating ISP read.
SFR: IFADRH (ISP Flash Address High):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
(High byte of the address pointing to flash memory)
IFADRH is the high-byte address port for all ISP modes.
SFR: IFADRL (ISP Flash Address Low):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
Bit-1
Bit-0
(Low byte of the address pointing to flash memory)
IFADRL is the low-byte address port for all ISP modes.
SFR: IFMT (ISP Flash Mode Table):
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
reserved
Mode Selection
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
Mode Selection
To Operate
Standby
AP-memory read
AP-memory/Data-flash program
AP-memory/Data-flash page erase
OR1 memory erase (IFADRL [0] =1).
OR1 memory read ( IFADRL[0] =1)
OR1 memory program ( IFADRL[0] = 1)
Note: OR0 cannot be changed by ISP operation. It can be accessed only by Writer. Only OR1 can be
changed by ISP program.
SFR: SCMD (Sequential Command Data register for ISP):
28
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
ISP-Command (Device ID)
SCMD is the command port for triggering ISP activity. If SCMD is filled with sequential 46h, B9h and if
ISPCR.7 = 1, ISP activity will be triggered.
When this register is read, the device ID of MPC89x58A will be returned (2 bytes). The MSB byte of DID is
F1h and LSB byte 08h. IFADRL [0] is used to select HIGH/LOW byte of DID.
SFR: ISPCR (ISP Control register):
Bit-7
ISPEN
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
SWBS
SWRST
-
-
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
WAIT
ISPEN: ISP function enabling bit
0: = Disable ISP program to change flash
1: = Enable ISP program to change flash
SWBS: Secondary Booting program selecting
0: = Boot from main-memory.
1: = Boot from ISP memory.
SWRST: software reset trigger
0: = No operation
1: = Generate software system reset. It will be cleared by hardware automatically.
Notice: Software reset actions could reset other SFR, but it never influences bits ISPEN and SWBS.
The ISPEN and SWBS only will be reset by power-up action, not software reset.
WAIT: Waiting time selection while the flash is busy.
ISPCR[2:0]
Page Erase
000
001
010
011
43769
21885
10942
5471
CPU Wait time (Machine Cycle)
Program
Read
Recommended
System clock
240
43
40M
120
22
20M
60
11
10M
30
6
5M
Procedures demonstrating ISP function
IFMT ← xxxxx011 b
ISPCR ← 100xx010b
IFADRH ← (page address high byte)
IFADRL ← (page address low byte)
SCMD ← 46h
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here )
(CPU continues)
/* choice page-erasing command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 10942 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address of the page to be erased */
/* trig ISP activity */
Erase a specific flash page
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
29
IFMT ← xxxxx010 b
ISPCR ← 100xx010b
IFADRH ← (Address high byte)
IFADRL ← (Address low byte)
IFD ← (byte date to be written into flash)
SCMD ← 46h
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here)
(CPU continues)
/* choice byte-programming command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 60 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address to be programmed */
/* prepare data source */
/* trig ISP activity */
Program a byte into flash
IFMT ← xxxxx001 b
ISPCR ← 100xx010b
/* choice byte-read command */
/* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change.
set WAIT=010, 11 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/
/* specify the address to be read */
IFADRH ← (Address high byte)
IFADRL ← (Address low byte)
SCMD ← 46h
/* trig ISP activity */
SCMD ← B9h
(CPU progressing will be hold here)
(CPU continues and currently IFD contain the desired data byte )
Read a byte from flash
Booting Program Entrance
The MPC89x58A boots according to the following rule.
If
( HWBS == 0 )
&&
( { ISPAS1, ISPAS0}
≠
{ 1, 1 })
System will boot from ISP program
else
System will boot from normal AP program
Above rule is adaptive only for power-up procedure, not software reset.
Switching from ISP program to AP program
The device permits the user normally start running the AP program as soon as the ISP program
has finished updating the flash content. Just program an instruction at the tail of ISP program as
ISPCR ←
30
001xxxxxb
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
which disables flash-writing authority, set SWBS 0, and trigger a software reset. After that, the
system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS to startup from AP
program entrance. For power-up procedure, the HWBS will be referred to decide the program
entrance, but for software reset, SWBS will be referred to.
Switch to the ISP program from AP program
The device also permits the user program switches directly to the ISP program. Just program an
instruction in the AP program as
ISPCR ←
x11xxxxxb
which sets SWBS 1 to direct the device boot from AP program, and trigger a software reset. After
that, the system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS to startup from
ISP program entrance.
In-Application Program
The In-Application Program feature is designed for user to Read/Write nonvolatile data flash. It
may bring great help to store parameters those should be independent of power-up and
power-done action. In other words, the user can store data in data flash memory, and after
shutting down the MCU and rebooting the MCU, user still can get the original value, which had
stored in.
The user can program the data flash according to the same way as ISP program, and gets deeper
understanding related to SFR IFD, IFADRL, IFADRH, IFMT, SCMD, and ISPCR.
The data flash can be programmed by the AP program as well as the ISP program.
The ISP program may program the AP memory and data flash, while the AP program may
program the data flash but not the ISP memory. If the AP program desires to change the ISP
memory associated with specific address space, the hardware will ignore it.
Note: Even the users do not need ISP space, the OR0 [5:4] still needs to be programmed with
{10} if IAP data flash is desired. In other words, the maximum available size in data flash for IAP
operation is 30Kbytes.
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MPC89x58A Data Sheet
31
Note for Other SFR
SFR: AUXR
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
-
-
ERAM
AO
ERAM: Define if hide the expanded RAM, so to access to the external RAM
0: = The internal auxiliary RAM access is enabled
1: =The internal auxiliary RAM access is disabled. The MOVX instructions always direct to external
RAM.
AO: 0: = ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency for 12T mode, and at a constant rate
of 1/3 the oscillator frequency for 6T mode
1: = ALE is active only during access to external memory for both MOVC and MOVX
SFR: AUXR1
Bit-7
Bit-6
Bit-5
Bit-4
Bit-3
Bit-2
Bit-1
Bit-0
-
-
-
-
GF2
-
-
DPS
GF2: General purpose flag
DPS: Data pointer switch
0: = Make the data pointer-0 active
1: = Make the data pointer-1 active
32
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC89E58A)
Parameter
Rating
Unit
Ambient temperature under bias
-55 ~ +125
Storage temperature
-65 ~ + 150
°C
°C
-0.5 ~ VCC + 0.5
V
-0.5 ~ +6.0
V
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to
Ground
Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground
Maximum total current through VCC and Ground
500
mA
Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin
40
mA
*Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage
to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other
conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure
to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC Characteristics (MPC89E58A)
VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃ and 12 clocks per machine cycle ,unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Specification
Unit
Min. Typ. Max.
VIL1
Input low voltage (P0, 1,2,3,4)
Vcc=5.0V
0.8
V
VIL2
Input low voltage (RESET)
Vcc=5.0V
1.6
V
VIH1
Input high voltage (P0, 1, 2, 3, 4,EA)
Vcc =5.0V
2.0
V
VIH2
Input high voltage (RESET)
Vcc=5.0V
3.0
V
IOL1
Sinking Current for output Low (P1, P2, P3, P4)
Vcc=5.0V
4
6
mA
IOL2
Sinking Current for output Low (P0, ALE, PSEN)
Vcc=5.0V
8
12
mA
IOH1
Sourcing Current for output High (P1, P2, P3, P4)
Vcc = 5.0V
150
220
uA
IOH2
Sourcing Current for output High (ALE, PSEN)
Vcc = 5.0V
14
20
mA
IIL
Logic 0 input current (P1,2,3,4)
Vpin=0V
18
50
uA
ITL
Logic 1 to 0 transition current (P1,2,3,4)
Vpin=2.0V
270
600
uA
ICC
Operating current @20MHz
Vcc=5.0V
30
mA
IIDLE
Idle mode current @ 20MHz
Vcc=5.0V
7
mA
IPD
Power down current
Vcc=5.0V
50
uA
Rrst
Internal pull-down resistance in RESET
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
45K~116K
33
ohm
Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC89L58A)
Parameter
Ambient temperature under bias
Storage temperature
Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to
Ground
Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground
Maximum total current through VCC and Ground
Rating
-55 ~ +125
-65 ~ + 150
-0.3 ~ VCC + 0.3
Unit
-0.3 ~ +4.2
500
40
V
mA
mA
°C
°C
V
Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin
*Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage
to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other
conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure
to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC Characteristics (MPC89L58A)
VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃ and 12 clocks per machine cycle ,unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Specification
Unit
Min. Typ. Max.
VIL1
Input low voltage (P0, 1,2,3,4)
Vcc=3.3V
0.8
V
VIL2
Input low voltage (RESET)
Vcc=3.3V
1.5
V
VIH1
Input high voltage (P0, 1, 2, 3, 4,EA)
Vcc =3.3V
2.0
V
VIH2
Input high voltage (RESET)
Vcc=3.3V
3.0
V
IOL1
Sinking Current for output Low (P1, P2, P3, P4)
Vcc=3.3V
2.5
4
mA
IOL2
Sinking Current for output Low (P0, ALE, PSEN)
Vcc=3.3V
5
8
mA
IOH1
Sourcing Current for output High (P1, P2, P3, P4)
Vcc = 3.3V
40
70
uA
IOH2
Sourcing Current for output High (ALE, PSEN)
Vcc =3.3V
8
13
mA
IIL
Logic 0 input current (P1,2,3,4)
Vpin=0V
8
50
uA
ITL
Logic 1 to 0 transition current (P1,2,3,4)
Vpin=2.0V
110
600
uA
ICC
Operating current @20MHz
Vcc=3.3V
30
mA
IIDLE
Idle mode current @ 20MHz
Vcc=3.3V
6
mA
IPD
Power down current
Vcc=3.3V
50
uA
Rrst
34
Internal pull-down resistance in RESET
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
45K~116K
MEGAWIN
ohm
Package Dimension
40-pin PDIP (MPC89x58AE)
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
35
44-pin PLCC (MPC89x58AP)
36
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN
44-pin PQFP (MPC89x58AF)
MEGAWIN
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
37
Revision History
Version
Date
Page
Description
A3
2004/10
- reorganized
A4
2004/11 P27
- Added Procedures demonstrating ISP function
A5
2005/01
- Re-Format
- Mark the reset pin resistance
- Remove the read-only limitation on SFR AUXR
- Document on option register OR1.7
- Fix the Baud-Rate-Computing formula for Timer-1
A6
- Fix ISP start address incorrect
2005/01
A7
2005/3/30 P6
- Update PQFP-44 package shape
A8
2005/6/14 P5, 8, 33
- Modify pin /EA location for PDIP and PLCC package
- Modify bits definition for SFR PCON
- Absolute Maximum Rating
A9
2006/08 P33, 34
- Revises the possible operating temperature.
A10
2007/03 P33
- Modify the Storage Temperature
A11
2007/12 P2
- Add 2.7V requirement in flash write operation.
P34, 35
A12
38
2008/12
- Modify Absolute Maximum Rating.
- Formatting
MPC89x58A Data Sheet
MEGAWIN