Freescale MC68HC11EA9CFN2 8-bit microcontroller Datasheet

Freescale Semiconductor
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by MC68HC11EA9TS/D
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC711EA9
Technical Summary
8-Bit Microcontrollers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1 Introduction
The MC68HC11EA9 and MC68HC711EA9 microcontroller units (MCUs) are high-performance members of the M68HC11 family of MCUs. The MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs have a multiplexed external address and data bus and are characterized by high speed and low power consumption. Their fully static
design allows operation at frequencies from 3 MHz to dc. The addition of a phase-locked loop (PLL)
frequency synthesizer to the timer circuitry further enhances low-power operation and allows the use of
lower frequency crystals while maintaining a clock speed of up to 3 MHz.
This document contains information concerning standard and custom-ROM devices. Standard devices
are those with ROM or with EPROM replacing ROM (MC68HC711EA9). Custom-ROM devices have a
ROM array that is programmed at the factory to customer specifications. Where information in this document refers to both the ROM and EPROM versions, the device is referred to as MC68HC(7)11EA9.
1.1 Features
• M68HC11 CPU
• 512 Bytes RAM (Data Retained During Standby, by use of VSTBY)
• 12 Kbytes Mask-Programmed ROM or EPROM
• 512 Bytes Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM)
• PROG Mode Allows Use of Standard EPROM Programmer (27C256 Footprint)
• Multiplexed Address and Data Buses Reduce Pin Count
• Enhanced 16-Bit Timer with Four-Stage Programmable Prescaler
— Three Input Capture (IC) Channels
— Four Output Compare (OC) Channels
— One Additional Channel, Selectable as Fourth IC or Fifth OC
• 8-Bit Pulse Accumulator
• Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) Frequency Synthesizer for Reduced Power Consumption
• Power Saving STOP and WAIT Modes
• Real-Time Interrupt Circuit
• Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog Timer
• Clock Monitor Circuit
• Enhanced Asynchronous Nonreturn to Zero (NRZ) Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
• Eight-Channel 8-Bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter
• Five Input/Output (I/O) Ports (34 Pins)
— Four Bidirectional I/O Ports (26 Pins)
— One Fixed Input-Only Port (8 Pins)
• Two Alternate, Fixed Input-Only Pins (XIRQ pin/XPIN bit and IRQ pin/IPIN bit)
• Available in 52-Pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC), 52-Pin Windowed Ceramic Leaded Chip
Carrier (CLCC), and 56-Pin SDIP (0.070” Lead Spacing)
© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2004. All rights reserved.
© MOTOROLA INC., 1995, 1997
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1
2
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
1.1
2.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7
Page
Introduction
1
Features ......................................................................................................................................1
Device Package Options and Ordering Information
5
Available Device Packages .........................................................................................................5
Ordering Information ...................................................................................................................7
Central Processing Unit
8
Programming Model ....................................................................................................................8
CPU Registers .............................................................................................................................8
Accumulators A, B, and D ................................................................................................8
Index Register X (IX) .......................................................................................................8
Index Register Y (IY) .......................................................................................................9
Stack Pointer (SP) ............................................................................................................9
Program Counter (PC) ......................................................................................................9
Condition Code Register (CCR) .......................................................................................9
Addressing Modes ............................................................................................................9
Operating Modes and On-Chip Memory
10
4.1
Single-Chip Mode ......................................................................................................................10
4.2
Expanded Mode ........................................................................................................................10
4.3
Test Mode .................................................................................................................................11
4.4
Bootstrap Mode .........................................................................................................................11
4.5
Mode Selection ..........................................................................................................................11
4.6
RAM ..........................................................................................................................................12
4.7
Bootstrap ROM ..........................................................................................................................12
4.8
Memory Map and Register Block ..............................................................................................12
4.9
ROM/EPROM/OTPROM ...........................................................................................................15
4.9.1
EPROM Emulation Mode ...............................................................................................15
4.9.2
Programming an Individual EPROM Address ................................................................16
4.9.3
Programming EPROM with Downloaded Data ...............................................................17
4.10 EEPROM ...................................................................................................................................18
4.10.1
Programming and Erasing EEPROM .............................................................................18
4.10.2
CONFIG Register ...........................................................................................................20
4.10.3
EEPROM Security ..........................................................................................................21
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Resets and Interrupts
Parallel Input/Output
Timing System
22
26
31
Phase-Locked Loop Synthesizer ...............................................................................................32
Main Timer ................................................................................................................................34
Real-Time Interrupt ...................................................................................................................42
Pulse Accumulator ....................................................................................................................43
Serial Communications Interface
47
Analog-to-Digital Converter
54
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MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Register Index
ADCTL . . . . . . . . .
ADR1–ADR4 . . . .
BPROT . . . . . . . . .
CFORC . . . . . . . . .
CONFIG . . . . . . . .
COPRST . . . . . . . .
DDRA . . . . . . . . . .
DDRB . . . . . . . . . .
DDRC . . . . . . . . . .
DDRD . . . . . . . . . .
HPRIO . . . . . . . . .
INIT . . . . . . . . . . . .
OC1D . . . . . . . . . .
OC1M . . . . . . . . . .
OPTION . . . . . . . .
PACNT . . . . . . . . .
PACTL . . . . . . . . .
PPROG . . . . . . . . .
PIOC . . . . . . . . . . .
PLLCR . . . . . . . . .
PORTA . . . . . . . . .
PORTB . . . . . . . . .
PORTC . . . . . . . . .
PORTCL . . . . . . . .
PORTD . . . . . . . . .
PORTE . . . . . . . . .
SCBDH/L . . . . . . .
SCCR1 . . . . . . . . .
SCCR2 . . . . . . . . .
SCDRH/L . . . . . . .
SCSR1 . . . . . . . . .
SCSR2 . . . . . . . . .
SYNR . . . . . . . . . .
TCNT . . . . . . . . . .
TCTL1 . . . . . . . . . .
TCTL2 . . . . . . . . . .
TFLG1 . . . . . . . . .
TFLG2 . . . . . . . . .
TI4/O5 . . . . . . . . . .
TIC1–TIC3 . . . . . .
TMSK1 . . . . . . . . .
TMSK2 . . . . . . . . .
TOC1–TOC4 . . . . .
A/D Control/Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
A/D Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1031–$1034 . . . . . . . . 63
EEPROM Block Protect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Timer Compare Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$100B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Security, COP, ROM/EPROM/EEPROM Enables . . . . . .$103F . . . . . . . . . . . 23, 28
Arm/Reset COP Timer Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$103A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Port A Data Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Port B Data Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Port C Data Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Port D Data Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Highest Priority I-bit Interrupt and Miscellaneous. . . . . . .$103C . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 27
RAM and I/O Mapping Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$103D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Output Compare 1 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$100D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Output Compare 1 Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$100C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
System Configuration Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1039 . . . . . . . . 26, 47, 63
Pulse Accumulator Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Pulse Accumulator Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1026 . . . . . . . . 46, 49, 50
EPROM and EEPROM Programming Control Register. .$103B . . . . . . . . . . . 19, 22
Port I/O Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
PLL Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1036 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Port A Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Port B Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Port C Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Port C Latched Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Port D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Port E Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$100A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SCI Baud Rate Select High/Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1028, $1029 . . . . . . . . 56
SCI Control Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$102A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
SCI Control Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$102B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
SCI Data High, SCI Data Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$102E, $102F . . . . . . . . 59
SCI Status Register 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$102C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
SCI Status Register 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$102D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Frequency Synthesizer Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1037 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Timer Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$100E–$100F . . . . . . . . 41
Timer Control 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Timer Control 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Timer Interrupt Flag 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Timer Interrupt Flag 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1025 . . . . . . . . 45, 48, 52
Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 . . . . . . . . . . . .$101E–$101F . . . . . . . . 42
Timer Input Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1010–$1015 . . . . . . . . 42
Timer Interrupt Mask 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Timer Interrupt Mask 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1024 . . . . . . . . . . . 44, 51
Timer Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1016–$101D . . . . . . . . 42
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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MODB/
VSTBY VDDSYN XFC XTAL EXTAL
E
IPIN
OSC
INTERRUPT
LOGIC
PLL
512 BYTES EEPROM
M68HC11 CPU
512 BYTES RAM
ADDRESS/DATA
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
PORT A
PORT B
PORT C
PORT D
PC7/ADDR7/DATA7
PC6/ADDR6/DATA6
PC5/ADDR5/DATA5
PC4/ADDR4/DATA4
PC3/ADDR3/DATA3
PC2/ADDR2/DATA2
PC1/ADDR1/DATA1
PC0/ADDR0/DATA0
A/D CONVERTER
VDD
VSS
VRH
VRL
PORT E
PD1/TxD
PD0/RxD
STRB/R/W
STRA/AS
CONTROL
PB7/ADDR15
PB6/ADDR14
PB5/ADDR13
PB4/ADDR12
PB3/ADDR11
PB2/ADDR10
PB1/ADDR9
PB0/ADDR8
STROBE AND HANDSHAKE
PARALLEL I/O
SERIAL
COMMUNICATION
INTERFACE
SCI
* VPPE APPLIES ONLY TO DEVICES WITH EPROM/OTPROM.
PE7/AN7
PE6/AN6
PE5/AN5
PE4/AN4
PE3/AN3
PE2/AN2
PE1/AN1
PE0/AN0
BUS EXPANSION
ADDRESS
PA7/PAI
PA6/OC2/OC1
PA5/OC3/OC1
PA4/OC4/OC1
PA3/OC5/IC4/OC1
PA2/IC1
PA1/IC2
PA0/IC3
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12 KBYTES
ROM/EPROM
TxD
RxD
PULSE ACCUMULATOR
COP
PAI
OC2
OC3
OC4
OC5/IC4/OC1
IC1
IC2
PERIODIC INTERRUPT
IC3
CLOCK LOGIC
TIMER
SYSTEM
XPIN
R/W
AS
MODE CONTROL
IRQ/ XIRQ/
VPPEE VPPE * RESET
STRB
STRA
MODA/
LIR
EA9 BLOCK
Figure 1 MC68HC(7)11EA9 Block Diagram
4
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2 Device Package Options and Ordering Information
2.1 Available Device Packages
The MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs are available in a 52-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC) and a 52-pin
ceramic leaded chip carrier (CLCC). Refer to Figure 2. A plastic 56-pin shrink DIP (SDIP) package is
also available. Refer to Figure 3.
PE7/AN7
PE3/AN3
PE6/AN6
PE2/AN2
49
48
47
VRL
50
VRH
51
VSS
VDD
2
52
MODA/LIR
3
1
E
STRA/AS
4
6
5
EXTAL
STRB/R/W
7
46
PE5/AN5
45
PE1/AN1
10
44
PE4/AN4
11
43
PE0/AN0
PC3/ADDR3/DATA3
12
42
PB0/ADDR8
PC4/ADDR4/DATA4
13
41
PB1/ADDR9
PC5/ADDR5/DATA5
14
40
PB2/ADDR10
PC6/ADDR6/DATA6
15
39
PB3/ADDR11
PC7/ADDR7/DATA7
16
38
PB4/ADDR12
PB5/ADDR13
* XIRQ/VPPE
17
18
37
36
PB6/ADDR14
IRQ/VPPEE
19
35
PB7/ADDR15
PD0/RxD
20
34
PA0/IC3
31
32
33
PA1/IC2
PA4/OC4/OC1
PA2/IC1
30
PA5/OC3/OC1
PA3/OC5/IC4/OC1
28
29
PA6/OC2/OC1
26
27
VDD
25
VSS
PA7/PAI/OC1
24
XFC
RESET
MC68HC(7)11EA9
23
PC2/ADDR2/DATA2
VDDSYN
PC1/ADDR1/DATA1
22
9
21
8
PD1/TxD
XTAL
PC0/ADDR0/DATA0
MODB/VSTBY
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The EPROM-based MC68HC711EA9 is available in a windowed 52-pin ceramic leaded chip carrier
(CLCC). A one-time-programmable (OTP) version of the MC68HC711EA9 is available by ordering the
device in a non-windowed package. Refer to Table 1.
* VPPE APPLIES ONLY TO DEVICES WITH EPROM/OTPROM.
EA9 52-PIN PLCC
Figure 2 MC68HC(7)11EA9 PLCC/CLCC Pin Assignments
MC68HC11EA9
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VDD
MODA/LIR
1
56
2
55
VSS
VRH
STRA/AS
3
54
VRL
E
4
53
PE7/AN7
STRB/R/W
5
52
PE3/AN3
EXTAL
6
51
PE6/AN6
NC
7
50
PE2/AN2
XTAL
8
49
PE5/AN5
PC0/ADDR0/DATA0
PC1/ADDR1/DATA1
9
48
PE1/AN1
10
47
PE4/AN4
PC2/ADDR2/DATA2
11
46
PE0/AN0
PC3/ADDR3/DATA3
12
45
PB0/ADDR8
13
44
PB1/ADDR9
43
PB2/ADDR10
42
PB3/ADDR11
41
PB4/ADDR12
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PC4/ADDR4/DATA4
MC68HC(7)11EA9
PC5/ADDR5/DATA5
14
PC6/ADDR6/DATA6
15
PC7/ADDR7/DATA7
16
RESET
NC
17
40
PB5/ADDR13
18
19
39
PB6/ADDR14
* XIRQ/VPPE
38
PB7/ADDR15
IRQ/VPPEE
20
37
NC
PD0/RxD
VSS
21
36
PA0/IC3
22
35
PA1/IC2
PD1/TxD
23
34
PA2/IC1
MODB/VSTBY
VDDSYN
24
33
PA3/OC5/IC4/OC1
25
32
PA4/OC4/OC1
XFC
26
31
PA5/OC3/OC1
VSS
VDD
27
30
PA6/OC2/OC1
28
29
PA7/PAI/OC1
(0.070" SPACING)
* VPPE APPLIES ONLY TO MC68HC711EA9.
EA9 56-PIN DIP
Figure 3 MC68HC(7)11EA9 56-Pin SDIP Pin Assignments
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2.2 Ordering Information
The MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs are available in a combination of packages, speeds, and temperature
ranges. Refer to Table 1.
Table 1 Device Ordering Information
Description
Package
Temperature
Frequency
MC Order Number
Buffalo ROM
52-Pin PLCC
– 40° to + 85° C
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9BCFN2
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9CFN2
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9CFN3
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9VFN2
12 Kbytes ROM,
512 Bytes RAM
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– 40° to + 105° C
56-PIN SDIP
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9VFN3
– 40° to + 125° C
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9MFN2
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9MFN3
– 40° to + 85° C
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9CP2
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9CP3
– 40° to + 105° C
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9VP2
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9VP3
– 40° to + 125° C
2 MHz
MC68HC11EA9MP2
(.070” Spacing)
12 Kbytes OTPROM,
52-Pin PLCC
3 MHz
MC68HC11EA9MP3
– 40° to + 85° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CFN2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CFN3
– 40° to + 105° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VFN2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VFN3
– 40° to + 125° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MFN2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MFN3
– 40° to + 85° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CP2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CP3
– 40° to + 105° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VP2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VP3
– 40° to + 125° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MP2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MP3
– 40° to + 85° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CFS2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9CFS3
– 40° to + 105° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VFS2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9VFS3
– 40° to + 125° C
2 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MFS2
3 MHz
MC68HC711EA9MFS3
512 Bytes RAM
56-PIN SDIP
(.070” Spacing)
12 Kbytes EPROM,
52-PIN CLCC
512 Bytes RAM
(Windowed)
MC68HC11EA9
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3 Central Processing Unit
A full description of the CPU and instruction set of M68HC11 MCUs is beyond the scope of this summary. The programming model for the M68HC11 CPU and a brief description of the CPU registers is
provided here. For more detailed information refer to the M68HC11 Reference Manual (M68HC11RM/
AD) or the programming reference guide or technical data book for the appropriate device.
3.1 Programming Model
Figure 4 shows a graphic representation of the internal registers of the M68HC11 CPU.
7
ACCUMULATOR A
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15
0
ACCUMULATOR B
7
DOUBLE ACCUMULATOR D
0
A:B
0
D
15
INDEX REGISTER X
0
IX
15
INDEX REGISTER Y
0
IY
15
STACK POINTER
0
SP
0
PC
PROGRAM COUNTER
15
CONDITION CODE REGISTER
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
CCR
CARRY
OVERFLOW
ZERO
NEGATIVE
I INTERRUPT MASK
HALF CARRY (FROM BIT 3)
X INTERRUPT MASK
STOP DISABLE
HC11 PROG MODEL
Figure 4 M68HC11 Programming Model
3.2 CPU Registers
M68HC11 CPU registers are an integral part of the CPU and are not addressed as if they were memory
locations. The seven registers, discussed briefly in the following paragraphs, are shown in Figure 4.
For a complete description of the CPU registers, addressing modes, and instruction set refer to the
M68HC11 Reference Manual (M68HC11RM/AD).
3.2.1 Accumulators A, B, and D
Accumulators A and B are general-purpose 8-bit registers that hold operands and results of arithmetic
calculations or data manipulations. For some instructions, these two accumulators are treated as a single double-byte (16-bit) accumulator called accumulator D. Most instructions can use accumulators A
or B interchangeably, however some exceptions apply.
3.2.2 Index Register X (IX)
The IX register provides a 16-bit indexing value that can be added to the 8-bit offset provided in an instruction to create an effective address. The IX register can also be used as a counter or as a temporary
storage register.
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3.2.3 Index Register Y (IY)
The 16-bit IY register performs an indexed mode function similar to that of the IX register. However,
most instructions using the IY register require an extra byte of machine code and an extra cycle of execution time because of the way the opcode map is implemented.
3.2.4 Stack Pointer (SP)
The M68HC11 CPU has an automatic program stack. This stack can be located anywhere in the address space and can be any size up to the amount of memory available in the system. Normally the SP
is initialized by one of the first instructions in an application program. The stack is configured as a data
structure that grows downward from high memory to low memory. Each time a new byte is pushed onto
the stack, the SP is decremented. Each time a byte is pulled from the stack, the SP is incremented. At
any given time, the SP holds the 16-bit address of the next free location in the stack.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
3.2.5 Program Counter (PC)
The program counter, a 16-bit register, contains the address of the next instruction to be executed. After
reset, the program counter is initialized from one of six possible vectors, depending on operating mode
and the cause of reset.
3.2.6 Condition Code Register (CCR)
This 8-bit register contains five condition code indicators (C, V, Z, N, and H), two interrupt masking bits,
(IRQ and XIRQ) and a stop disable bit (S). In the M68HC11 CPU, condition codes are automatically
updated by most instructions. For example, load accumulator A (LDAA) and store accumulator A
(STAA) instructions automatically set or clear the N, Z, and V condition code flags.
3.2.7 Addressing Modes
Six addressing modes can be used to access memory: immediate, direct, extended, indexed, inherent,
and relative. These modes are not detailed in this manual. For a complete description of the CPU registers, addressing modes, and instruction set refer to the M68HC11 Reference Manual (M68HC11RM/
AD).
MC68HC11EA9
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4 Operating Modes and On-Chip Memory
4.1 Single-Chip Mode
In single-chip mode, ports B and C are available for general-purpose parallel I/O. Strobe pins A (STRA)
and B (STRB) can be used to control handshaking of parallel I/O on ports B and C. In this mode, all
software needed to control the MCU is contained in internal resources. ROM/EPROM (if present) will
always be enabled out of reset, ensuring that the reset and interrupt vectors will be available at locations
$FFC0–$FFFF.
4.2 Expanded Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
In expanded operating mode, the MCU can access the full 64-Kbyte address space. The space includes
the same on-chip memory addresses used for single-chip mode as well as addresses for external peripherals and memory devices. The expansion bus is made up of ports B and C, and control signals AS
and R/W. R/W (read/write) and AS (address strobe) allow the low-order address and the 8-bit data bus
to be multiplexed on the same pins. During the first half of each bus cycle address information is
present. During the second half of each bus cycle the pins become the bidirectional data bus. AS is an
active-high latch enable signal for an external address latch. Address information is allowed through the
transparent latch while AS is high and is latched when AS drives low. Figure 5 shows an example of
address and data demultiplexing.
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PB3
PB2
PB1
PB0
AS
DATA1
DATA2
DATA3
DATA4
DATA5
DATA6
DATA7
DATA8
LE
R/W
MC54/74HC373
MCU
PC7
PC6
PC5
PC4
PC3
PC2
PC1
PC0
ADDR15
ADDR14
ADDR13
ADDR12
ADDR11
ADDR10
ADDR9
ADDR8
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
Q8
ADDR7
ADDR6
ADDR5
ADDR4
ADDR3
ADDR2
ADDR1
ADDR0
Q0
WE
E
DATA7
DATA6
DATA5
DATA4
DATA3
DATA2
DATA1
DATA0
ADDR/DATA DEMUX
Figure 5 Address/Data Demultiplexing
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4.3 Test Mode
Test mode, a variation of the expanded mode, is primarily used during Freescale's internal production
testing; however, it is accessible for programming the CONFIG register, programming calibration data
into EEPROM, and supporting emulation and debugging during development. Refer to Figure 6.
4.4 Bootstrap Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Bootstrap mode is a special variation of the single-chip mode. Bootstrap mode allows special-purpose
programs to be entered into internal RAM. When boot mode is selected at reset, a small bootstrap ROM
becomes present in the memory map. Reset and interrupt vectors are located in this ROM at $BFC0–
$BFFF. The bootstrap ROM contains a small program which initializes the SCI and allows the user to
download a program into on-chip RAM. The size of the downloaded program can be as large as the size
of the on-chip RAM. After a four-character delay, or after receiving the character for the highest address
in RAM, control passes to the loaded program at $0000. Refer to Figure 6.
4.5 Mode Selection
The four mode variations are selected by the logic levels present on the MODA and MODB pins during
reset. The MODA and MODB logic levels determine the logic state of SMOD and the MDA control bits
in the highest priority I-bit interrupt and miscellaneous (HPRIO) register. See Table 2 for further information.
After reset is released, the mode select pins no longer influence the MCU operating mode. In singlechip operating mode, the MODA pin is connected to a logic level zero. In expanded mode, MODA is
normally connected to VDD through a pull-up resistor of 4.7 kΩ. The MODA pin also functions as the
load instruction register (LIR) pin when the MCU is not in reset. The LIR signal is useful during program
debugging. The open-drain active low LIR output pin drives low during the first E cycle of each instruction. The MODB pin also functions as standby power input (VSTBY), which allows RAM contents to be
maintained in absence of VDD.
HPRIO — Highest Priority I-bit Interrupt and Miscellaneous
RESET:
BIT 7
RBOOT*
0
6
SMOD*
0
5
MDA*
0
4
IRVNE
0
3
PSEL3
0
$103C
2
PSEL2
0
1
PSEL1
0
BIT 0
PSEL0
0
*The reset values of RBOOT, SMOD, and MDA depend on the mode selected at power up.
RBOOT — Read Bootstrap ROM/EPROM
Valid only when SMOD is set (bootstrap or special test mode). Can only be written in special modes.
0 = Bootstrap ROM disabled and not in map
1 = Bootstrap ROM enabled and in map at $BF00–$BFFF
SMOD and MDA — Special Mode Select and Mode Select A
These two bits can be read at any time. They can be written anytime in special modes. MDA can only
be written once in normal modes. SMOD cannot be set once it has been cleared.
Table 2 Operating Mode Selection
Inputs
Latched at Reset
MODA MODB
Mode
MDA
SMOD
0
0
0
1
Single Chip
1
1
Expanded
1
0
0
0
Bootstrap
0
1
1
0
Special Test
1
1
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IRV(NE) — Internal Read Visibility(Not E)
IRVNE can be written once in any mode. In expanded modes, IRVNE determines whether IRV is on or
off. In special test mode, IRVNE is reset to one. In all other modes, IRVNE is reset to zero.
0 = No internal read visibility on external bus
1 = Data from internal reads is driven out the external data bus.
In single-chip modes this bit determines whether the E clock drives out from the chip.
0 = E is driven out from the chip.
1 = E pin is driven low. Refer to the following table.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 3 IRVNE Control vs. Operating Mode
Operating
Mode
IRVNE Bit
Out of Reset
E Clock
Out of Reset
IRV Function
Out of Reset
IRVNE Bit
Affects Only
Single Chip
0
On
Off
E
Expanded
0
On
Off
IRV
Bootstrap
0
On
Off
E
Special Test
1
On
On
IRV
PSEL[3:0] — Priority Select Bits [3:0]
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts
4.6 RAM
In all modes RAM is enabled and present at locations $0000–$01FF. The RAM can be mapped to any
1-Kbyte boundary by writing an appropriate value to the INIT register. The INIT register must be written
during the first 64 cycles after reset in expanded and single-chip modes. If RAM and the register block
are placed at the same 1-Kbyte boundary, the first 64 bytes of RAM are inaccessible. This is due to an
on-chip hardware priority scheme which eliminates conflicts which could arise from multiple resources
sharing address locations. Figure 6 shows the location of the RAM array.
4.7 Bootstrap ROM
When operating in normal modes (SMOD = 0), the bootstrap ROM is disabled and removed from the
memory map. In bootstrap and special test modes, bootstrap ROM is present at $BF00–$BFFF. Bootstrap ROM cannot be remapped to other locations. Figure 6 shows the location of the bootstrap ROM
array.
The bootstrap ROM contains a small program that allows program code to be downloaded into on-chip
RAM. When the MC68HC(7)11EA9 enters bootstrap mode, bootloader firmware residing in bootstrap
ROM begins the downloading procedure by initializing the SCI system and transmitting a break out the
SCI TxD pin. The SCI then waits for the first character to be received. After the first character is received
on the RxD pin of the SCI, bootloader firmware begins counting the number of bytes received. When
an idle time of four characters or the character for address $01FF is received, the bootloader program
terminates the download and control is passed to the loaded program at $0000. For a detailed description of the M68HC11 bootstrap mode, refer to application note M68HC11 Bootstrap Mode (AN1060/D).
4.8 Memory Map and Register Block
The operating mode determines memory mapping and whether external addresses can be accessed.
Memory locations for on-chip resources are the same for both expanded and single-chip modes. Control bits in the CONFIG register allow ROM/EPROM and EEPROM to be disabled from the memory
map. The RAM is mapped to $0000 after reset. It can be placed at any 4 Kbyte boundary ($x000) by
writing an appropriate value to the INIT register. The 64-byte register block is mapped to $1000 after
reset and can also be placed at any 4 Kbyte boundary ($x000) by writing an appropriate value to the
INIT register. If RAM and registers are mapped to the same boundary, the first 64 bytes of RAM will be
inaccessible. Table 4 shows the arrangement of control registers and bits within the register block.
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MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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$0000
AA
AA
AA
AA
AAAAAAAA
EXT
$1000
0000
512 BYTES RAM
EXT
EXT
01FF
1000
64-BYTE REGISTER BLOCK
103F
EXT
B600
AA
AA
$B600
EXT
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$D000
$FFFF
AA
AA
AAAA
SINGLE
CHIP
EXPANDED
512 BYTES EEPROM
B7FF
BF00
EXT
BOOT
ROM
BFC0
BFFF
BFFF
D000
12 KBYTES ROM/EPROM
FFC0
FFFF
FFFF
BOOTSTRAP
SPECIAL MODES
INTERRUPT
VECTORS
NORMAL
MODES
INTERRUPT
VECTORS
SPECIAL
TEST
EA9 MEM MAP
Figure 6 MC68HC(7)11EA9 Memory Map
INIT — RAM and I/O Mapping Register
RESET:
BIT 7
RAM3
0
6
RAM2
0
5
RAM1
0
$103D
4
RAM0
0
3
REG3
0
2
REG2
0
1
REG1
0
BIT 0
REG0
1
RAM[3:0] — RAM Map Position
These four bits, which specify the upper hexadecimal digit of the RAM address, control position of RAM
in the memory map. RAM can be positioned at the beginning of any 4 Kbyte page in the memory map.
It is initialized to address $0000 out of reset.
REG[3:0] — 64-Byte Register Block Position
These four bits specify the upper hexadecimal digit of the address for the 64-byte block of internal registers. The register block, positioned at the beginning of any 4 Kbyte page in the memory map, is initialized to address $1000 out of reset.
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 4 MC68HC(7)11EA9 Registers (Sheet 1 of 2)
$1000
$1001
$1002
$1003
$1004
$1005
$1006
$1007
$1008
$1009
$100A
$100B
$100C
$100D
$100E
$100F
$1010
$1011
$1012
$1013
$1014
$1015
$1016
$1017
$1018
$1019
$101A
$101B
$101C
$101D
$101E
$101F
BIT 7
PA7
DDA7
STAF
PC7
PB7
PCL7
DDB7
DDC7
XPIN
DISX
PE7
FOC1
OC1M7
OC1D7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
Bit 15
Bit 7
6
PA6
DDA6
STAI
PC6
PB6
PCL6
DDB6
DDC6
IPIN
DISI
PE6
FOC2
OC1M6
OC1D6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
14
6
5
PA5
DDA5
CWOM
PC5
PB5
PCL5
DDB5
DDC5
0
0
PE5
FOC3
OC1M5
OC1D5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
13
5
4
PA4
DDA4
HNDS
PC4
PB4
PCL4
DDB4
DDC4
0
0
PE4
FOC4
OC1M4
OC1D4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
12
4
3
PA3
DDA3
OIN
PC3
PB3
PCL3
DDB3
DDC3
0
0
PE3
FOC5
OC1M3
OC1D3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
11
3
2
PA2
DDA2
PLS
PC2
PB2
PCL2
DDB2
DDC2
0
0
PE2
0
0
0
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
10
2
1
PA1
DDA1
EGA
PC1
PB1
PCL1
DDB1
DDC1
PD1
DDD1
PE1
0
0
0
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
BIT 0
PA0
DDA0
INVB
PC0
PB0
PCL0
DDB0
DDC0
PD0
DDD0
PE0
0
0
0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
Bit 8
Bit 0
$1020
$1021
$1022
$1023
$1024
$1025
$1026
$1027
$1028
$1029
$102A
$102B
$102C
$102D
$102E
OM2
EDG4B
OC1I
OC1F
TOI
TOF
0
Bit 7
BTST
SBR7
LOOPS
TIE
TDRE
0
R8
OL2
EDG4A
OC2I
OC2F
RTII
RTIF
PAEN
6
BSPL
SBR6
WOMS
TCIE
TC
0
T8
OM3
EDG1B
OC3I
OC3F
PAOVI
PAOVF
PAMOD
5
BRST
SBR5
0
RIE
RDRF
0
0
OL3
EDG1A
OC4I
OC4F
PAII
PAIF
PEDGE
4
SBR12
SBR4
M
ILIE
IDLE
0
0
OM4
EDG2B
I4/O5I
I4/O5F
0
0
0
3
SBR11
SBR3
WAKE
TE
OR
0
0
OL4
EDG2A
IC1I
IC1F
0
0
I4/O5
2
SBR10
SBR2
ILT
RE
NF
0
0
OM5
EDG3B
IC2I
IC2F
PR1
0
RTR1
1
SBR9
SBR1
PE
RWU
FE
0
0
OL5
EDG3A
IC3I
IC3F
PR0
0
RTR0
Bit 0
SBR8
SBR0
PT
SBK
PF
RAF
0
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PORTA
DDRA
PIOC
PORTC
PORTB
PORTCL
DDRB
DDRC
PORTD
DDRD
PORTE
CFORC
OC1M
OC1D
TCNT (HI)
TCNT (LO)
TIC1 (HI)
TIC1 (LO)
TIC2 (HI)
TIC2 (LO)
TIC3 (HI)
TIC3 (LO)
TOC1 (HI)
TOC1 (LO)
TOC2 (HI)
TOC2 (LO)
TOC3 (HI)
TOC3 (LO)
TOC4 (HI)
TOC4 (LO)
TI4/O5 (HI)
TI4/O5
(LO)
TCTL1
TCTL2
TMSK1
TFLG1
TMSK2
TFLG2
PACTL
PACNT
SCBDH
SCBDL
SCCR1
SCCR2
SCSR1
SCSR2
SCDRH
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 4 MC68HC(7)11EA9 Registers (Sheet 2 of 2)
$102F
$1030
$1031
$1032
$1033
$1034
$1035
$1036
$1037
$1038
$1039
$103A
$103B
$103C
$103D
$103E
BIT 7
R7/T7
CCF
Bit 7
Bit 7
Bit 7
Bit 7
0
PLLON
SYNX1
6
R6/T6
0
6
6
6
6
0
BCS
SYNX0
5
R5/T5
SCAN
5
5
5
5
0
AUTO
SYNY5
4
R4/T4
MULT
4
4
4
4
PTCON
BWC
SYNY4
3
R3/T3
CD
3
3
3
3
BPRT3
VCOT
SYNY3
2
R2/T2
CC
2
2
2
2
BPRT2
MCS
SYNY2
1
R1/T1
CB
1
1
1
1
BPRT1
LCK
SYNY1
BIT 0
R0/T0
CA
Bit 0
Bit 0
Bit 0
Bit 0
BPRT0
WEN
SYNY0
SCDRL
ADCTL
ADR1
ADR2
ADR3
ADR4
BPROT
PLLCR
SYNR
Reserved
ADPU
Bit 7
ODD
CSEL
6
EVEN
RBOOT
RAM3
—
SMOD
RAM2
—
IRQE
5
$103F
0
0
Notes:
1. MC68HC711EA9 only.
2. Factory test only.
ELAT1
MDA
RAM1
—
DLY
4
BYTE
CME
3
ROW
0
2
ERASE
CR1
1
EELAT
CR0
Bit 0
PGM
OPTION
COPRST
PPROG
IRVNE
RAM0
—
PSEL3
REG3
—
PSEL2
REG2
—
PSEL1
REG1
—
PSEL0
REG0
—
HPRIO
INIT
0
0
NOSEC
NOCOP
ROMON
EEON
TEST12
CONFIG
4.9 ROM/EPROM/OTPROM
The MC68HC11EA9 contains 12 Kbytes of mask-programmed ROM. The ROM array is programmed
at the factory to customer specifications and cannot be altered. The ROM array can be disabled by
clearing the ROMON bit in the CONFIG register.
The MC68HC711EA9 MCU contains 12 Kbytes of on-chip EPROM/OTPROM. When the
MC68HC711EA9 is packaged in a windowed CLCC, the 12 Kbytes of EPROM may be erased by exposing the device to ultraviolet light. An MC68HC711EA9 MCU packaged in a non-windowed case contains 12 Kbytes of one-time-programmable ROM (OTPROM).
Using the on-chip EPROM/OTPROM programming feature requires an external 12.25-volt power supply (VPPE). Normal programming is accomplished using the EPROM/OTPROM programming register
(PPROG). PPROG is the combined EPROM/OTPROM and EEPROM programming register
(MC68HC711EA9 only). For the MC68HC11EA9, PPROG is used for programming EEPROM only.
There are three possible methods of programming and verifying EPROM.
4.9.1 EPROM Emulation Mode
The EPROM emulation (PROG) mode allows the on-chip EPROM/OTPROM to be programmed as a
standard EPROM by adapting the MCU footprint to that of the 27256-type EPROM, as shown in Figure
7. Grounding the RESET, MODA, and MODB pins places the MCU in PROG mode. An appropriate
EPROM programmer can then be used to enter data into the on-chip EPROM. Figure 7 shows the MCU
pin functions while the device is in PROG mode.
If the MCU is operating with programming voltage present on the XIRQ/VPPE pin, the IRQ pin (CE pin
in PROG mode) must be pulled high before the address and data are changed to program the next location.
NOTE
PROG mode is disabled in devices having the security feature.
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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EPROM MODE PIN CONNECTIONS
MCU PIN FUNCTIONS
EPROM
PIN FUNCTIONS
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
PC0/ADDR0/DATA0
PC1/ADDR1/DATA1
PC2/ADDR2/DATA2
PC3/ADDR3/DATA3
PC4/ADDR4/DATA4
PC5/ADDR5/DATA5
PC6/ADDR6/DATA6
PC7/ADDR7/DATA7
PB0/ADDR8
PB1/ADDR9
PB2/ADDR10
PB3/ADDR11
PB4/ADDR12
PB5/ADDR13
NC
PE0/AN0
PE1/AN1
PE2/AN2
PE3/AN3
PE4/AN4
PE5/AN5
PE6/AN6
PE7/AN7
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7
INTERNAL
12-KBYTE
EPROM
O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7
OE
VPP
CE
VCC
PD0/RxD
PD1/TxD
PA2/IC1
PA3/OC5/IC4/OC1
PA4/OC4/OC1
PA5/OC3/OC1
STRA/AS
STRB/R/W
PB7/ADDR15
XIRQ
IRQ
VDD
GND
VSS
GND
PA4/OC4/OC1
PA5/OC3/OC1
NC
NC
OE
VPP
NOTE 2
MC68HC711EA9
NOTE 1
GND
GND
PA6/OC2/OC1
PA7/PAI/OC1
V RH
V RL
GND
GND
VDDSYN
XFC
GND
GND
CE
VCC
XTAL
E
NC
NC
EXTAL
GND
GND
GND
GND
MODA/LIR
MODB/VSTBY
RESET
PB6/ADDR14
PA0/IC3
PA1/IC2
NOTE 3
GND
GND
GND
NOTES:
1. UNUSED INPUTS — GROUNDING IS RECOMMENDED.
2. UNUSED OUTPUTS — THESE PINS SHOULD BE LEFT UNTERMINATED.
3. THESE PINS MUST BE GROUNDED FOR PROG MODE OPERATION.
7EA9 PROG CONN
Figure 7 MC68HC711EA9 PROG Mode Connections
4.9.2 Programming an Individual EPROM Address
In the second method, the MCU programs its own EPROM by controlling the PPROG register. Use the
following procedure to program the EPROM through the MCU with the ROMON bit set in the CONFIG
register. The 12 volt nominal programming voltage must be present on the XIRQ/VPPE pin. Any operating mode can be used.
1.
2.
3.
4.
16
Write to PPROG to set the ELAT bit.
Write the data to the desired address.
Write to PPROG to set both the ELAT and PGM bits.
Delay for 10 ms or more, as appropriate.
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5. Clear the PGM bit to turn off the VPPE voltage.
6. Clear all bits in the PPROG register to reconfigure the EPROM address and data buses for normal operation.
NOTE
PROG mode is initiated when RESET, MODA, and MODB pins are pulled low (the
pin state required to enter bootstrap mode). This means that if these three pins are
pulled low and VPPE is present on the XIRQ pin, the EPROM will be programmed.
To prevent this, place a pull-up resistor on the IRQ pin (CE pin in PROG mode).
When the device goes into reset, the PGM bit is forced to the voltage disable state
(EPGM = 0) before the address/data latches are enabled to the external input lines.
Only after this occurs is voltage control returned to the IRQ pin.
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4.9.3 Programming EPROM with Downloaded Data
When using this method, the EPROM is programmed by software while in the special test or bootstrap
modes. User-developed software can be uploaded through the SCI, or a ROM resident EPROM programming utility can be used. To use the resident utility, bootload a three-byte program consisting of a
single jump instruction to $BF00. $BF00 is the starting address of a resident EPROM programming utility. The utility program sets the X and Y index registers to default values, then receives programming
data from an external host and puts it in EPROM. The value in IX determines programming delay time.
The value in IY is a pointer to the first address in EPROM to be programmed (default = $D000).
When the utility program is ready to receive programming data, it sends the host the $FF character.
Then it waits. When the host sees the $FF character, the EPROM programming data is sent, starting
with the first location in the EPROM array. After the last byte to be programmed is sent and the corresponding verification data is returned, the programming operation is terminated by resetting the MCU.
PPROG — EPROM and EEPROM Programming Control Register
RESET:
BIT 7
ODD
0
6
EVEN
0
5
ELAT*
0
4
BYTE
0
3
ROW
0
2
ERASE
0
$103B
1
EELAT
0
BIT 0
PGM
1
* MC68HC711EA9 only.
ODD — Program Odd Rows in Half of EEPROM (TEST)
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
EVEN — Program Even Rows in Half of EEPROM (TEST)
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
ELAT — EPROM/OTPROM Latch Control
When ELAT = 1, writes to EPROM cause address and data to be latched and the EPROM/OTPROM
cannot be read. ELAT can be read any time. ELAT can be written any time except when EPGM = 1;
then the write to ELAT is disabled. For MC68HC711EA9, EPGM enables the high voltage necessary
for both EPROM/OTPROM and EEPROM programming. For MC68HC711EA9 ELAT and EELAT are
mutually exclusive and cannot both equal one.
0 = EPROM address and data bus configured for normal reads
1 = EPROM address and data bus configured for programming
BYTE — Byte/Other EEPROM Erase Mode
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
ROW — Row/All EEPROM Erase Mode
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
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ERASE — Erase/Normal Control for EEPROM
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
EELAT — EEPROM Latch Control
0 = EEPROM address and data bus configured for normal reads
1 = EEPROM address and data bus configured for programming or erasing
PGM — EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM Programming Voltage Enable
0 = Programming voltage to EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM array disconnected
1 = Programming voltage to EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM array connected
PGM can be read any time and can only be written when ELAT = 1 (for EPROM/OTPROM programming) or when EELAT = 1 (for EEPROM programming).
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4.10 EEPROM
MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs contain 512 bytes of EEPROM. The 512-byte EEPROM is initially located at
$B600 after reset, assuming EEPROM is enabled in the memory map by the EEON bit in the CONFIG
register. EEPROM can be placed at any 4 Kbyte boundary ($x600) by writing appropriate values to the
INIT register. Note that EEPROM can be mapped such that it contains the vector space. See Figure 6.
4.10.1 Programming and Erasing EEPROM
Programming and erasing the EEPROM is controlled by the PPROG register, and is dependent upon
the block protect (BPROT) register value. The erased state of an EEPROM bit is one. During a read
operation, bit lines are precharged to one. The floating gate devices of programmed bits conduct and
pull the bit lines to zero. Unprogrammed bits remain at the precharged level and are read as ones. Programming a bit to one causes no change. Programming a bit to zero changes the bit so that subsequent
reads return zero.
When appropriate bits in the BPROT register are cleared, the PPROG register controls programming
and erasing of the EEPROM. The PPROG register can be read or written at any time, but logic enforces
defined programming and erasing sequences to prevent unintentional changes to data in EEPROM.
When the EELAT bit in the PPROG register is cleared, the EEPROM can be read as if it were a ROM.
The on-chip charge pump that generates the EEPROM programming voltage from VDD uses MOS capacitors, which are relatively small in value. The efficiency of this charge pump and its drive capability
are affected by the level of VDD and the frequency of the driving clock. The clock source driving the
charge pump is software selectable. When the clock select (CSEL) bit in the OPTION register is zero,
the E clock is used; when CSEL is one, an on-chip resistor-capacitor (RC) oscillator is used. The RC
oscillator should be used when E < 1 MHz. This RC oscillator will drive the A/D circuitry as well as the
EEPROM charge pump when CSEL = 1.
The EEPROM programming voltage connection to the EEPROM array is not enabled until there has
been a write to PPROG with EELAT set and PGM cleared. This must be followed by a write to a valid
EEPROM location or to the CONFIG address, and then a write to PPROG with both EELAT and PGM
set. Any attempt to set both EELAT and PGM during the same write operation results in neither bit being
set.
The erased state of an EEPROM byte is $FF (all ones).
To erase the EEPROM, ensure that the proper bits of the BPROT register are cleared, then complete
the following steps using the PPROG register:
1. Set the ERASE, EELAT, and appropriate BYTE and ROW bits in PPROG register.
2. Write to the appropriate EEPROM address with any data. Row erase only requires a write to
any location in the row. Bulk erase is done by writing to any location in the array.
3. Set the ERASE, EELAT, EEPGM, and appropriate BYTE and ROW bits in PPROG register.
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4. Delay for 10 ms or more, as appropriate.
5. Clear the EEPGM bit in PPROG to turn off the programming voltage.
6. Clear the PPROG register to reconfigure the EEPROM address and data buses for normal operation.
To program the EEPROM, ensure the proper bits of the BPROT register are cleared and use the PROG
register to complete the following steps:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Set the EELAT bit in PPROG register.
Write data to the desired address.
Set EEPGM bit in PPROG.
Delay for 10 ms or more, as appropriate.
Clear the EEPGM bit in PPROG to turn off the programming voltage.
Clear the PPROG register to reconfigure the EEPROM address and data buses for normal operation.
CAUTION
Since it is possible to perform other operations while the EEPROM programming/
erase operation is in progress, it is common to start the operation then return to the
main program until the 10 ms is completed. When the EELAT bit is set at the beginning of a program/erase operation, the EEPROM is electronically removed from
the memory map; thus, it is not accessible during the program/erase cycle. Care
must be taken to ensure that EEPROM resources will not be needed by any routines in the code during the 10 ms program/erase time.
BPROT — EEPROM Block Protect
RESET:
BIT 7
—
0
6
—
0
$1035
5
—
0
4
PTCON
1
3
BPRT3
1
2
BPRT2
1
1
BPRT1
1
BIT 0
BPRT0
1
Active bits in BPROT reset to ones in all modes and can only be cleared during the first 64 cycles out
of reset. Bits can be set only once in normal modes. In special modes, bits can be set and cleared repeatedly.
Bits [7:5] — Not implemented
Always read zero
PTCON — Protect CONFIG Register
0 = CONFIG register can be programmed or erased normally
1 = CONFIG register cannot be programmed or erased
BPRT[3:0] — Block Protect Bits for EEPROM
When set, these bits protect a block of EEPROM from being programmed or electronically erased. Ultraviolet light, however can erase the entire EEPROM contents regardless of BPRT[3:0] (windowed
packages only). When cleared, they allow programming and erasure of the associated block.
Table 5 EEPROM Block Protect
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Bit Name
Block Protected
Block Size
BPRT0
$B600–$B61F
32 Bytes
BPRT1
$B620–$B65F
64 Bytes
BPRT2
$B660–$B6DF
128 Bytes
BPRT3
$B6E0–$B7FF
288 Bytes
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PPROG — EPROM and EEPROM Programming Control Register
RESET:
BIT 7
ODD
0
6
EVEN
0
5
ELAT*
0
4
BYTE
0
3
ROW
0
2
ERASE
0
$103B
1
EELAT
0
BIT 0
PGM
1
* MC68HC711EA9 only.
ODD — Program Odd Rows in Half of EEPROM (TEST)
EVEN — Program Even Rows in Half of EEPROM (TEST)
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ELAT — EPROM/OTPROM Latch Control
MC68HC711EA9 only. Refer to 4.9.3 Programming EPROM with Downloaded Data.
BYTE — Byte/Other EEPROM Erase Mode
0 = Row or bulk erase mode used
1 = Erase only one byte of EEPROM
ROW — Row/All EEPROM Erase Mode (only valid when BYTE = 0)
0 = All 512 bytes of EEPROM erased
1 = Erase only one 16-byte row of EEPROM
Table 6 BYTE/ROW Control Bits
BYTE
ROW
Action
0
0
Bulk Erase (All 512 Bytes)
0
1
Row Erase (16 Bytes)
1
0
Byte Erase
1
1
Byte Erase
ERASE — Erase/Normal Control for EEPROM
0 = Normal read or program mode
1 = Erase mode
EELAT — EEPROM Latch Control
0 = EEPROM address and data bus configured for normal reads
1 = EEPROM address and data bus configured for programming or erasing
PGM — EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM Programming Voltage Enable
0 = Programming voltage to EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM array disconnected
1 = Programming voltage to EPROM/OTPROM/EEPROM array connected
PGM can be read any time and can only be written when ELAT = 1 (for EPROM/OTPROM programming) or when EELAT = 1 (for EEPROM programming).
4.10.2 CONFIG Register
The CONFIG register consists of an EEPROM byte and static latches that control the start-up configuration of the MCU. The contents of the EEPROM byte are transferred into static working latches during
reset sequences. The operation of the MCU is controlled directly by these latches and not by CONFIG
itself. Although the byte is not included in the 512-byte EEPROM array, programming the CONFIG register requires the same procedure as any byte in the array. In normal modes, changes to CONFIG do
not affect operation of the MCU until after the next reset sequence. When programming, the CONFIG
register itself is accessed. When the CONFIG register is read, the static latches are accessed.
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CONFIG — Security, COP, ROM/EPROM, and EEPROM Enables
RESETS:
S. Chip:
Boot:
Exp.:
Test:
$103F
BIT 7
—
6
—
5
—
4
—
3
NOSEC
2
NOCOP
1
ROMON
BIT 0
EEON
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
1
1
U
U(L)
U
U(L)
1
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U indicates a previously programmed bit. U(L) indicates that the bit resets to the logic level held in the
latch prior to reset (unchanged), but the function of COP is controlled by DISR bit in TEST1 register.
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Bits [7:4] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
NOSEC — Security Disable
NOSEC is invalid unless the security mask option is specified before the MCU is manufactured. If security mask option is omitted NOSEC always reads one. The security feature protects the contents of
RAM and EEPROM.
0 = Security enabled
1 = Security disabled
NOCOP — COP System Disable
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts.
ROMON — ROM/EPROM/OTPROM Enable
When this bit is zero, the ROM or EPROM/OTPROM is disabled and that memory space becomes externally addressed. In single-chip mode, ROMON is forced to one to enable ROM/EPROM/OTPROM
regardless of the state of the ROMON bit.
0 = ROM/EPROM/OTPROM disabled from the memory map
1 = ROM/EPROM/OTPROM present in the memory map
EEON — EEPROM Enable
When this bit is zero, the EEPROM is disabled and that memory space becomes externally addressed.
0 = EEPROM removed from the memory map
1 = EEPROM present in the memory map
4.10.3 EEPROM Security
The optional security feature, available only on ROM-based MCUs, protects the EEPROM and RAM
contents from unauthorized access. A program, or a key portion of a program, can be protected against
unauthorized duplication. To accomplish this, the protection mechanism restricts operation of protected
devices to the single-chip modes. This prevents the memory locations from being monitored externally
because single-chip modes do not allow visibility of the internal address and data buses. Resident programs, however, have unlimited access to the internal EEPROM and RAM and can read, write, or transfer the contents of these memories.
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5 Resets and Interrupts
All M68HC11 MCUs have three reset vectors and 18 interrupt vectors. The reset vectors are as follows:
• RESET, or Power-On Reset
• Clock Monitor Fail
• COP Failure
The 18 interrupt vectors service 22 interrupt sources (3 non-maskable, 19 maskable). The 3 nonmaskable interrupt sources are as follows:
• Illegal Opcode Trap
• Software Interrupt
• XIRQ Pin (X Interrupt)
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On-chip peripheral systems generate maskable interrupts, which are recognized only if the global interrupt mask bit (I) in the condition code register (CCR) is clear. Maskable interrupts are prioritized according to a default arrangement; however, any one source can be elevated to the highest maskable priority
position by a software-accessible control register (HPRIO). The HPRIO register can be written at any
time, provided bit I in the CCR is set.
Eighteen interrupt sources in the MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs are subject to masking by the global interrupt mask bit (bit I in the CCR). In addition to the global bit I, all of these sources, except the external
interrupt (IRQ) pin, are controlled by local enable bits in control registers. Most interrupt sources in the
M68HC11 have separate interrupt vectors; therefore, there is usually no need for software to poll control
registers to determine the cause of an interrupt.
For some interrupt sources, such as the SCI interrupts, the flags are automatically cleared during the
normal course of responding to the interrupt requests. For example, the RDRF flag in the SCI system
is cleared by the automatic clearing mechanism invoked by a read of the SCI status register while RDRF
is set, followed by a read of the SCI data register. The normal response to an RDRF interrupt request
would be to read the SCI status register to check for receive errors, then to read the received data from
the SCI data register. These two steps satisfy the automatic clearing mechanism without requiring any
special instructions.
The computer operating properly (COP) watchdog and the clock monitor are both circuits that force a
reset sequence when a malfunctioning clock is encountered. The COP function forces a reset when a
timeout occurs. The timeout period is determined by programming CR[1:0] in OPTION register. The
clock monitor circuit forces a reset sequence whenever the clock is slow or absent. The CME bit in the
OPTION register enables the clock monitor circuit. To use STOP mode the clock monitor must be disabled before the STOP instruction is executed or a reset sequence will occur.
Refer to the following table for a list of interrupt and reset vector assignments.
Table 7 Interrupt and Reset Vector Assignments
Vector Address
FFC0, C1 — FFD4, D5
FFD6, D7
FFD8, D9
22
Interrupt Source
Reserved
SCI Serial System
CCR Mask
Local Mask
Priority
(1 = High)
—
—
—
Bit I
18
• SCI Receive Data Register Full
RIE
• SCI Receiver Overrun
RIE
• SCI Transmit Data Register Empty
TIE
• SCI Transmit Complete
TCIE
• SCI Idle Line Detect
ILIE
Reserved
—
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—
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Table 7 Interrupt and Reset Vector Assignments
FFDA, DB
Pulse Accumulator Input Edge
Bit I
PAII
17
FFDC, DD
Pulse Accumulator Overflow
Bit I
PAOVI
16
FFDE, DF
Timer Overflow
Bit I
TOI
15
FFE0, E1
Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5
Bit I
I4/O5I
14
FFE2, E3
Timer Output Compare 4
Bit I
OC4I
13
FFE4, E5
Timer Output Compare 3
Bit I
OC3I
12
FFE6, E7
Timer Output Compare 2
Bit I
OC2I
11
FFE8, E9
Timer Output Compare 1
Bit I
OC1I
10
FFEA, EB
Timer Input Capture 3
Bit I
IC3I
9
FFEC, ED
Timer Input Capture 2
Bit I
IC2I
8
FFEE, EF
Timer Input Capture 1
Bit I
IC1I
7
FFF0, F1
Real-Time Interrupt
Bit I
RTII
6
FFF2, F3
IRQ (External Pin)
Bit I
None
5
FFF4, F5
XIRQ Pin
Bit X
None
4
FFF6, F7
Software Interrupt
None
None
*
FFF8, F9
Illegal Opcode Trap
None
None
*
FFFA, FB
COP Failure
None
NOCOP
3
FFFC, FD
Clock Monitor Fail
None
CME
2
FFFE, FF
RESET
None
None
1
* Same level as an instruction
OPTION — System Configuration Options
$1039
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADPU
CSEL
IRQE*
DLY*
CME
—
CR1*
CR0*
RESET:
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
* Can be written only once in first 64 cycles after reset in normal modes, or at any time in special modes.
ADPU — A/D Converter Power up
Refer to 9 Analog-to-Digital Converter
CSEL — Clock Select
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM.
IRQE — IRQ Select Edge-Sensitive Only
0 = IRQ input is active-low
1 = IRQ input recognizes falling edges only
DLY — Enable Oscillator Start-up Delay
0 = No stabilization delay on exit from STOP mode.
1 = A delay of approximately 4000 E-clock cycles is imposed as the MCU exits STOP mode.
CME — Clock Monitor Enable
0 = Clock monitor disabled; slow clock can be used.
1 = Slow or stopped clocks cause COP failure reset.
Bit 2 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
CR[1:0] — COP Timer Rate Select
Refer to the following table of COP timer rates.
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Table 8 COP Timer Rate Selection
CR[1:0]
Rate
Period Length
Selected
E = 1.0 MHz E = 2.0 MHz E = 3.0 MHz
00
215
÷E
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
01
217 ÷ E
131.072 ms
65.536 ms
43.691 ms
10
219 ÷ E
524.288 ms
262.140 ms
174.76 ms
11
221
2.097 s
1.049 s
699.05 ms
÷E
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COPRST — Arm/Reset COP Timer Circuitry
RESET:
BIT 7
7
0
6
6
0
5
5
0
$103A
4
4
1
3
3
0
2
2
0
1
1
0
BIT 0
0
0
Write $55 to COPRST to arm COP watchdog circuit. Write $AA to COPRST to reset COP watchdog
circuit.
HPRIO — Highest Priority I-Bit Interrupt and Miscellaneous
RESET:
BIT 7
RBOOT*
—
6
SMOD*
—
5
MDA*
—
4
IRVNE
0
3
PSEL3
0
$103C
2
PSEL2
1
1
PSEL1
0
BIT 0
PSEL0
1
*RBOOT, SMOD, and MDA reset depend on power-up initialization mode and can only be written in
special mode.
RBOOT — Read Bootstrap ROM
Refer to 4.4 Bootstrap Mode
SMOD — Special Mode Select
Refer to 4.5 Mode Selection
MDA — Mode Select A
Refer to 4.5 Mode Selection
IRVNE — Internal Read Visibility/Not E
Refer to 4.5 Mode Selection
PSEL[3:0] — Priority Select Bit 4 through Bit 0
Can be written only while the I-bit in the CCR is set (interrupts disabled). These bits select one interrupt
source to be elevated above all other I-bit related sources.
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Table 9 Highest I-Bit Interrupt Source Selection
PSEL3
PSEL2
PSEL1
PSEL0
Interrupt Source Promoted
0
0
0
0
Timer Overflow
0
0
0
1
Pulse Accumulator Overflow
0
0
1
0
Pulse Accumulator Input Edge
0
0
1
1
Reserved (Default to IRQ)
0
1
0
0
SCI Serial System
0
1
0
1
Reserved (Default to IRQ)
0
1
1
0
IRQ (External Pin)
0
1
1
1
Real-Time Interrupt
1
0
0
0
Timer Input Capture 1
1
0
0
1
Timer Input Capture 2
1
0
1
0
Timer Input Capture 3
1
0
1
1
Timer Output Compare 1
1
1
0
0
Timer Output Compare 2
1
1
0
1
Timer Output Compare 3
1
1
1
0
Timer Output Compare 4
1
1
1
1
Timer IC4/OC5
PSEL[3:0] reset to %0101, making IRQ the highest priority I-bit related interrupt source.
CONFIG — Security, COP, ROM/EPROM, and EEPROM Enables
RESET:
BIT 7
—
—
6
—
—
5
—
—
4
—
0
3
NOSEC
0
2
NOCOP
1
$103F
1
ROMON
0
BIT 0
EEON
1
Bits [7:4] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
NOSEC — EEPROM Security Mode Disable
Refer to 4.10.3 EEPROM Security
NOCOP — COP System Disable
0 = COP system enabled (forces reset on timeout)
1 = COP system disabled
ROMON — ROM/EPROM Enable
Refer to 4 Operating Modes and On-Chip Memory.
EEON — EEPROM Enable
Refer to 4.10 EEPROM
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6 Parallel Input/Output
The MC68HC(7)11EA9 has up to 36 input/output lines, depending on the operating mode. Table 10
shows the configuration and features of each port.
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Table 10 I/O Port Configuration
Port
Input
Pins
Output
Pins
Bidirectional
Pins
Shared Functions
A
—
—
8
Timer
B
—
—
8
High Order Address
C
—
—
8
Multiplexed Low Order Address/Data
D
—
—
2
SCI/PLL Test
E
8
—
—
A/D Converter
—
1
—
—
XPIN (XIRQ pin configured for data input)
—
1
—
—
IPIN (IRQ pin configured for data input)
Simple and full handshake input and output functions are available on ports B and C lines in single-chip
mode. The following is a description of the handshake functions.
In simple strobed mode, port B is a strobed output port and port C is a latching input port. The two activities are available simultaneously.
The STRB output is pulsed for two E-clock periods each time there is a write to the PORTB register.
The INVB bit in the PIOC register controls the polarity of STRB pulses. Port C levels are latched into
the alternate port C latch (PORTCL) register on each assertion of the STRA input. STRA edge select,
flag, and interrupt enable bits are located in the PIOC register. Any or all of the port C lines can still be
used as general-purpose I/O while in strobed input mode.
Full handshake modes involve port C pins and the STRA and STRB lines. Input and output handshake
modes are supported, and output handshake mode has a three-stated variation. STRA is an edge detecting input, and STRB is a handshake output. Control and enable bits are located in the PIOC register.
In full input handshake mode, the MCU uses STRB as a ready line to an external system. Port C logic
levels are latched into PORTCL when the STRA line is asserted by the external system. The MCU then
negates STRB. The MCU reasserts STRB after the PORTCL register is read. A mix of latched inputs,
static inputs, and static outputs is allowed on port C, differentiated by the data direction bits and use of
the PORTC and PORTCL registers.
In full output handshake mode, the MCU writes data to PORTCL which, in turn, asserts the STRB output
to indicate that data is ready. The external system reads port C and asserts the STRA input to acknowledge that data has been received.
In the three-state variation of output handshake mode, lines intended as three-state handshake outputs
are configured as inputs by clearing the corresponding DDRC bits. The MCU writes data to PORTCL
and asserts STRB. The external system responds by activating the STRA input, which forces the MCU
to drive the data in PORTCL out on all of the port C lines. The mode variation does not allow part of port
C to be used for static inputs while other port C pins are being used for handshake outputs. Refer to
PIOC register description for further information.
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PIOC — Port I/O Control
RESET:
BIT 7
STAF
0
6
STAI
0
$1002
5
CWOM
0
4
HNDS
0
3
OIN
0
2
PLS
0
1
EGA
0
BIT 0
INVB
0
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STAF — Strobe A Interrupt Status Flag
This bit is set when a selected edge occurs on Strobe A. Clearing it depends on the state of the HNDS
and OIN bits. In simple strobed mode or in full handshake mode, STAF is cleared by a read of the PIOC
register followed by a read of PORTCL register. In output handshake mode, STAF is cleared by reading
the PIOC register followed by a write to PORTCL register.
0 = No edge detected on strobe A
1 = The selected edge (rising or falling) has been detected on strobe A
STAI — Strobe A Interrupt Enable
When bit I in the condition code register is clear and STAI is set, STAF (when set) will request an interrupt.
0 = STAF will not generate an interrupt when set.
1 = STAF will generate an interrupt when set.
CWOM — Port C Wire-OR Mode
CWOM affects all eight port A pins.
0 = Port C outputs are normal CMOS outputs
1 = Port C outputs act as open-drain outputs
HNDS — Handshake Mode
When clear, strobe A acts as a simple input strobe to latch data into PORTCL, and strobe B acts as a
simple output strobe which pulses after a write to port B. When set, a handshake protocol involving port
C, STRA, and STRB is selected (see the definition for the OIN bit).
0 = Simple strobe mode
1 = Full input or output handshake mode
OIN — Output or Input Handshaking
This bit has no meaning or effect when HNDS = 0.
0 = Input handshake
1 = Output handshake
PLS — Pulse/Interlocked Handshake Operation
This bit has no meaning if HNDS = 0. When interlocked handshake operation is selected, strobe B, once
activated, stays active until the selected edge of strobe A is detected. When pulsed handshake operation is selected, strobe B is pulsed for two E cycles.
0 = Interlocked handshake selected
1 = Pulsed handshake selected
EGA — Active Edge for Strobe A
0 = Falling edge of strobe A selected. When output handshake is selected, port C lines obey the
data direction register while STRA is low, but port C is forced to output when STRA is high.
1 = Rising edge of strobe A selected. When output handshake is selected, port C lines obey the
data direction register while STRA is high, but port C is forced to output when STRA is low.
INVB — Invert Strobe B
0 = Active level is logic zero
1 = Active level is logic one
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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27
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table 11 Strobed and Handshake Parallel I/O Control Bit Summary
STAF
Clearing
Sequence
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Simple
strobed
mode
HNDS OIN
Read PIOC
with STAF = 1
then read
PORTCL
0
Full
Read PIOC
input
with STAF = 1
handshake
then read
mode
PORTCL
1
Full
Read PIOC
output
with STAF = 1
handshake
then write
mode
PORTCL
1
PLS
X
X
0
1
0
1
Port B
Port C
Inputs latched
into PORTCL
on any
active edge
on STRA
STRB pulses
on writes to
PORTB
Inputs latched
into PORTCL
on any
active edge
on STRA
Normal output
port, unaffected
in handshake
modes
EGA
0 = STRB
active level
1
1 = STRB
active pulse
0
0 = STRB
active level
0
1 = STRB
active pulse
1
Follow
DDRC
Driven as outputs if Normal output
STRA at active
port, unaffected
level; follows
in handshake
DDRC if STRA not
modes
at active level
Port C
Driven
STRA
Active Edge
Follow
DDRC
Port pin function is mode dependent. Do not confuse pin function with the electrical state of the pin at
reset. Port pins are either driven to a specified logic level or are configured as high impedance inputs.
I/O pins configured as high-impedance inputs have port data that is indeterminate. The contents of the
corresponding latches are dependent upon the electrical state of the pins during reset. In port descriptions, an "I" indicates this condition. Port pins that are driven to a known logic level during reset are
shown with a value of either one or zero. Some control bits are unaffected by reset. Reset states for
these bits are indicated with a "U".
PORTA — Port A Data
RESET:
Alt. Pin
Func.:
And/or
$1000
BIT 7
PA7
I
PAI
6
PA6
I
OC2
5
PA5
I
OC3
4
PA4
I
OC4
3
PA3
I
IC4/OC5
2
PA2
I
IC1
1
PA1
I
IC2
BIT 0
PA0
I
IC3
OC1
OC1
OC1
OC1
OC1
—
—
—
NOTE
The timer forces the I/O state to output for each port A line associated with an enabled output compare. In these cases the data direction bits will not be changed,
but have no effect on these lines. The DDRA will revert to controlling data direction
when the associated timer compare is disabled. Input captures do not force either
the I/O state of the pin or the state of DDRA. To enable PA3 as fourth input capture,
set the I4/O5 bit in the PACTL register. Otherwise, PA3 is configured as a fifth output compare out of reset, with bit I4/O5 being cleared. If the DDA3 bit in DDRA is
set (configuring PA3 as an output), and IC4 is enabled, writes to PA3 cause edges
on the pin to result in input captures. Writing to TI4/O5 has no effect when the TI4/
O5 register is acting as IC4. PA7 drives the pulse accumulator input but also can
be configured for general-purpose I/O or output compare. DDA7 bit in DDRA register configures PA7 for either input or output. Note that even when PA7 is configured as an output, the pin still drives the pulse accumulator input.
28
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
DDRA — Port A Data Direction
RESET:
BIT 7
DDA7
0
$1001
6
DDA6
0
5
DDA5
0
4
DDA4
0
3
DDA3
0
2
DDA2
0
1
DDA1
0
BIT 0
DDA0
0
DDA[7:0] — Data Direction for Port A
0 = Corresponding pin configured for input
1 = Corresponding pin configured for output
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PORTB — Port B Data
RESET:
Alt. Pin
Func.:
$1004
BIT 7
PB7
0
6
PB6
0
5
PB5
0
4
PB4
0
3
PB3
0
2
PB2
0
1
PB1
0
BIT 0
PB0
0
ADDR15
ADDR14
ADDR13
ADDR12
ADDR11
ADDR10
ADDR9
ADDR8
DDRB — Port B Data Direction
RESET:
BIT 7
DDB7
0
6
DDB6
0
$1006
5
DDB5
0
4
DDB4
0
3
DDB3
0
2
DDB2
0
1
DDB1
0
BIT 0
DDB0
0
DDB[7:0] — Data Direction for Port B
0 = Corresponding pin configured for input
1 = Corresponding pin configured for output
PORTC — Port C Data
RESET:
Alt. Pin
Func.:
Or:
$1003
BIT 7
PC7
0
6
PC6
0
5
PC5
0
4
PC4
0
3
PC3
0
2
PC2
0
1
PC1
0
BIT 0
PC0
0
ADDR7
DATA7
ADDR6
DATA6
ADDR5
DATA5
ADDR4
DATA4
ADDR3
DATA3
ADDR2
DATA2
ADDR1
DATA1
ADDR0
DATA0
PORTCL — Port C Latched Data
RESET:
BIT 7
PCL7
0
6
PCL6
0
$1005
5
PCL5
0
4
PCL4
0
3
PCL3
0
2
PCL2
0
1
PCL1
0
BIT 0
PCL0
0
PORTCL is used in the handshake clearing mechanism. When an active edge occurs on the STRA pin,
port C data is latched into the PORTCL register. Reads of this register return the last value latched into
PORTCL and clear STAF flag (following a read of PIOC with STAF set).
DDRC — Port C Data Direction
RESET:
BIT 7
DDC7
0
6
DDC6
0
$1007
5
DDC5
0
4
DDC4
0
3
DDC3
0
2
DDC2
0
1
DDC1
0
BIT 0
DDC0
0
DDC[7:0] — Data Direction for Port C
0 = Corresponding pin configured for input
1 = Corresponding pin configured for output
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PORTD — Port D Data
RESET:
Alt. Pin
Func.:
BIT 7
XPIN
0
—
$1008
6
IPIN
0
—
5
—
0
—
4
—
0
—
3
—
0
—
2
—
0
—
1
PD1
0
TxD
BIT 0
PD0
0
RxD
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
XPIN — XIRQ Interrupt Pin Status Flag
This is a read-only bit. XPIN reflects the logic level present on the XIRQ pin.
0 = XIRQ pin low.
1 = XIRQ pin high.
IPIN — IRQ Interrupt Pin Status Flag
This is a read-only bit. IPIN reflects the logic level present on the IRQ pin.
0 = IRQ pin low.
1 = IRQ pin high.
XPIN and IPIN are read-only status bits that reflect the logic levels present on the XIRQ and IRQ pins.
XPIN and IPIN provide the data bits that allow the XIRQ and IRQ pins to be used as general-purpose
inputs. However, to use XIRQ and IRQ as data inputs, the interrupts normally generated by these two
pins must be disabled with the DISX and DISI bits in the DDRD register.
After reset PD[1:0] are configured as high-impedance inputs. PD[1:0] share functions with the SCI system. 8 Serial Communications Interface details information regarding port D SCI functions.
DDRD — Port D Data Direction
RESET:
BIT 7
DISX
0
6
DISI
0
$1009
5
—
0
4
—
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
DDD1
0
BIT 0
DDD0
0
DISX — Disable XIRQ Pin Interrupts
Can be read anytime. Can be written only once. Any write to the DDRD register will prevent modification
of this bit. This bit must be set to use the XIRQ pin as a data input.
0 = Interrupts generated by the XIRQ pin function are enabled
1 = Interrupts generated by the XIRQ pin function are disabled
DISI — Disable IRQ Pin Interrupts
Can be read anytime. Can be written only once. Any write to the DDRD register will prevent modification
of this bit. This bit must be set to use the IRQ pin as a data input.
0 = Interrupts generated by the IRQ pin function are enabled
1 = Interrupts generated by the IRQ pin function are disabled
DDD[1:0] — Data Direction for PD[1:0]
0 = Corresponding port D pin configured for input
1 = Corresponding port D pin configured for output
PORTE — Port E Data
RESET:
BIT 7
PE7
I
$100A
6
PE6
I
5
PE5
I
4
PE4
I
3
PE3
I
2
PE2
I
1
PE1
I
BIT 0
PE0
I
Port E has eight general-purpose input pins and shares functions with the A/D converter system. When
any port E pins are being used as A/D inputs, PORTE should not be read during the sample portion of
an A/D conversion. Refer to 9 Analog-to-Digital Converter for more information.
30
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
7 Timing System
The timing system is based on a free-running 16-bit counter with a four-stage programmable prescaler.
A timer overflow function allows software to extend the system’s timing capability beyond the counter's
16-bit range. The main timer consists of the timer prescaler, the 16-bit free-running counter, and the
capture/compare unit. 7.2 Main Timer details this portion of the timing system.
The free-running counter can be driven by either the EXTAL signal, as in other M68HC11 derivatives
or it can be driven by a software-controlled phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer which has
been added to the MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs. The PLL allows the MCU to operate in WAIT mode with
extremely low power requirements. Refer to 7.1 Phase-Locked Loop Synthesizer.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
In addition, the timing system includes pulse accumulator and real-time interrupt (RTI) functions, as well
as a clock monitor function, which can be used to detect clock failures that are not detected by the COP
system. Refer to the appropriate paragraphs within this section for information regarding these functions. Table 12 shows a summary of the crystal-related frequencies and periods.
Table 12 Timer Summary
Control Bits
PR[1:0]
Common System Frequencies
Definition
4.0 MHz
8.0 MHz
12.0 MHz
XTAL
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
3.0 MHz
E
Main Timer Count Rate (Period Length)
00
1 count —
1000 ns
500 ns
333 ns
1/E
overflow —
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
21.845 ms
216/E
1 count —
4.0 µs
2.0 µs
1.333 µs
4/E
overflow —
262.14 ms
131.07 ms
32.768 ms
218/E
1 count —
8.0 µs
4.0 µs
2.667 µs
8/E
overflow —
524.28 ms
262.14 ms
174.76 ms
219/E
1 count —
16.0 µs
8.0 µs
5.333 µs
16/E
overflow —
1.049 s
524.29 ms
349.52 ms
220/E
01
10
11
RTR[1:0]
Periodic (RTI) Interrupt Rates (Period Length)
00
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
2.731 ms
213/E
01
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
5.461 ms
214/E
10
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
215/E
11
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
21.845 ms
216/E
CR[1:0]
COP Watchdog Timeout Rates (Period Length)
00
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
215/E
01
131.072 ms
65.536 ms
43.691 ms
217/E
10
524.288 ms
262.14 ms
174.76 ms
219/E
11
2.098 s
1.049 s
699.05 ms
221/E
Time-out Tolerance
(–0 ms/+...)
32.8 ms
16.4 ms
10.9 ms
215/E
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
7.1 Phase-Locked Loop Synthesizer
The phase-locked loop synthesizer (PLL) generates clocks for the CPU, bus circuitry, and A/D converter. The clocks for the SCI and timers are derived directly from the EXTAL clock. The EXTAL clock also
provides the reference for the synthesizer which generates a frequency that is a multiple of the EXTAL
clock frequency. Values written to the SYNR register determine the factor by which the EXTAL clock is
scaled. Refer to Figure 8.
The PLL has two frequency bandwidths which are automatically selected whenever AUTO = 1 in the
PLLCR register. When the PLL is first enabled, the wide bandwidth is selected to provide a fast ramp
time. When the desired frequency is nearly reached, the low bandwidth is selected to provide greater
stability. Manual control of bandwidth can be accomplished by clearing the AUTO bit.
VDDSYN
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VDDSYN
PIN
XFC
XFC
PIN
EXTERNAL
CRYSTAL
EXTAL
PIN
EXTAL
PCOMP
PHASE
DETECT
LOOP FILTER
VCOUT
VCO
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
XTAL
PIN
FREQUENCY
DIVIDER
SYNR
EXTAL
PHASE-LOCKED
LOOP SYNTHESIZER
2(Y + 1)•(2X)
Y = SYNY[1:0]
X = SYNX[5:0]
VCOUT
BUS
CLOCK
SELECT
E
4XCLK
FOR CPU
AND MEMORIES
÷4
PH2
BCS
0 = EXTAL
1 = VCOUT
TIMER
CLOCK
MODULE
CLOCK
SELECT
MCS
0 = EXTAL
1 = 4XCLK
PLLMO
÷4
FOR SCI
AND TIMER
SYNCHRONIZE
WITH PH2
PLLTO
TO TIMER
PRESCALER
SCI
CLOCK
÷2
EA9 PLL BLOCK
SCI BAUD CLOCK
TO SCI MODULUS
BAUD GENERATOR
Figure 8 Phase-Locked Loop Synthesizer Block Diagram
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PLLCR — PLL Control
RESET:
BIT 7
PLLON
1
$1036
6
BCS
0
5
AUTO
1
4
BWC
1
3
VCOT
1
2
MCS
0
1
LCK
0
BIT 0
WEN
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PLLON — PLL System Enable
This bit activates the PLL synthesizer circuit without connecting its output to the control circuit. This allows the synthesizer to stabilize before it can drive the CPU clocks. This bit resets to one, allowing the
synthesizer to stabilize as the device is being powered up.
0 = PLL is off
1 = PLL is on
BCS — Bus Clock Select
This bit determines which signal drives the clock circuitry generating the bus clocks. Refer to Figure 8.
Once BCS has been changed, up to 1.5 EXTAL cycles + 1.5 PLLOUT cycles may be required for the
transition. During the transition, all CPU activity will cease. BCS is cleared by a STOP or WAIT instruction or when VDDSYN falls to the VSS level.
0 = EXTAL drives the clock circuit
1 = VCOUT drives the clock circuit
NOTE
PLLON and BCS have built-in protection such that the PLL cannot be selected to
drive any clocks if the PLL is off. Similarly, the PLL cannot be turned off if it has
been selected as a clock source. Turning the PLL on and selecting its output as a
clock source require two separate writes to the PLLCR register.
AUTO — Automatic/Manual Loop Filter Bandwidth Control
This bit selects between automatic bandwidth control circuits within the phase detect block and manual
bandwidth control. Refer to Table 13.
0 = Automatic bandwidth control is selected
1 = Bandwidth control is manual
BWC — Loop Filter Bandwidth Control/Status
Bandwidth control is manual only when AUTO = 0. Since the low bandwidth driver is always enabled,
BWC determines if the high bandwidth driver is enabled. When AUTO = 1, BWC is a read-only status
bit that indicates which mode has been selected by the internal circuit. During PLL start-up in automatic
mode, the high bandwidth driver is enabled by internal circuitry until the PLL is near the selected frequency. The high bandwidth driver is then disabled and BWC is cleared. Refer to Table 13.
0 = Only the low bandwidth driver is enabled
1 = Both low and high bandwidth drivers are selected
Table 13 Loop Filter Bandwidth Driver Control
AUTO BWC VCOT High Bandwidth Driver
Low Bandwidth Driver
0
0
0
Off
Off
0
0
1
Off
On
0
1
0
On
Off
0
1
1
On
On
1
X
1
Automatic
On
VCOT — Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) Test
This bit is used to isolate the loop filter from the VCO to aid in factory testing of the PLL. VCOT is always
set when AUTO = 1 (automatic bandwidth control mode). This bit can be written only in special test
mode.
0 = Loop filter low bandwidth mode is disabled (factory test only)
1 = Loop filter operates according to values of AUTO and BWC control bits
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MCS — Module Clock Select
This bit determines which clock signal drives the SCI and timer.
0 = EXTAL is the clock source for SCI and timer divider chains
1 = 4XCLK is the clock source for the SCI and timer divider chains
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
LCK— Synthesizer Lock Detect Flag
This is a read-only status bit that indicates when the PLL has stabilized. BCS cannot be set (selecting
VCOUT as a clock source) until LCK is set.
0 = The PLL is not stable
1 = The PLL has stabilized
WEN — WAIT Enable
This bit determines whether the EXTAL signal will be used to drive the CPU clocks while the device is
in WAIT mode. When this feature is enabled, entering wait mode clears BCS (selecting EXTAL as the
source for CPU clocks) and reduces the PLL frequency to the lowest value, modulus 1. Any interrupt or
reset or the assertion of the RAF bit within the SCI (if the receiver is enabled by RE = 1) will allow the
PLL to resume operation at the frequency selected in SYNR register. Then the user must set BCS to
select VCOUT as the source for CPU clocks.
0 = VCOUT remains connected to the 4XCLK circuit during operation in WAIT mode.
1 = After stacking prior to entering WAIT mode, BCS is cleared and the PLL is maintained at the
lowest frequency available (modulus 1).
SYNR — Frequency Synthesizer Control
RESET:
BIT 7
SYNX1
0
6
SYNX0
0
5
SYNY5
0
$1037
4
SYNY4
0
3
SYNY3
0
2
SYNY2
1
1
SYNY1
1
BIT 0
SYNY0
0
This register resets to $06 for a preset multiplication factor of 14.
SYNX[1:0] — Binary Tap Select Bits
These two bits select one of four binary taps. SYNX[1:0] affect the frequency multiplication factor, variable X according to the formula below.
SYNY[5:0] — Modulo Counter Rate Select Bits
These six bits select one of 64 binary values that affect the frequency multiplication factor, variable Y
according to the formula below.
X
2 ⋅ (Y + 1) ⋅ (2 )
Where
X = the value represented by bits SYNX[1:0]
Y = the value represented by bits SYNY[5:0]
7.2 Main Timer
The main timer consists of the timer prescaler, the free-running counter, and the capture/compare unit.
The timer prescaler selects one of four division rates and drives the free-running 16-bit counter. The
capture/compare unit has three channels for input capture, four channels for output compare, and one
channel that can be configured as a fourth input capture or a fifth output compare. Timer channels configured for input capture (ICx) cause the current value of the free-running counter to be latched into an
input capture register (TICx) when a pulse edge is detected on the corresponding pin. Channels configured for output compare allow a pulse to be output when the free-running counter matches a value
loaded into an output compare register (TOCx). Figure 9 shows a detailed block diagram of the timer
prescaler and the capture/compare unit.
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PLLTO *
(PLLMO ÷ 4)
PRESCALER
DIVIDE BY
1, 4, 8, OR 16
PR1
PR0
TCNT (LO)
TOI
16-BIT FREE RUNNING
COUNTER
TOF
TCNT (HI)
9
TAPS FOR RTI,
COP WATCHDOG, AND
PULSE ACCUMULATOR
16-BIT TIMER BUS
OC1I
16-BIT COMPARATOR
TOC1 (HI)
=
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
=
=
=
OC5
=
I4/O5F
TI4/O5 (HI) TI4/O5 (LO)
16-BIT LATCH CLK
CLK
CLK
CLK
IC1I
PA4/OC4/
OC1
BIT 3
PA3/OC5/
IC4/OC1
BIT 2
PA2/IC1
BIT 1
PA1/IC2
BIT 0
PA0/IC3
3
IC1F
IC2I
2
IC2F
TIC2 (LO)
16-BIT LATCH
TIC3 (HI)
BIT 4
4
FOC5
CFORC
FORCE OUTPUT
COMPARE
TIC1 (LO)
16-BIT LATCH
TIC2 (HI)
PA5/OC3/
OC1
IC4
I4/O5
16-BIT LATCH
BIT 5
5
FOC4
I4/O5I
TIC1 (HI)
PA6/OC2/
OC1
OC4F
TOC4 (LO)
16-BIT COMPARATOR
BIT 6
6
FOC3
OC4I
TOC4 (HI)
PA7/OC1/
PAI
OC3F
TOC3 (LO)
16-BIT COMPARATOR
BIT 7
7
FOC2
OC3I
TOC3 (HI)
PIN
FUNCTIONS
OC2F
TOC2 (LO)
16-BIT COMPARATOR
8
FOC1
OC2I
TOC2 (HI)
TO PULSE
ACCUMULATOR
OC1F
TOC1 (LO)
16-BIT COMPARATOR
INTERRUPT REQUESTS
(FURTHER QUALIFIED BY
I BIT IN CCR)
IC3I
IC3F
1
TIC3 (LO)
TFLG1
STATUS
FLAGS
TMSK1
INTERRUPT
ENABLES
PORT A
PIN CONTROL
* REFER TO PLL BLOCK DIAGRAM.
EA9 CC BLOCK
Figure 9 Main Timer Block Diagram
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
CFORC — Timer Compare Force
RESET:
BIT 7
FOC1
0
6
FOC2
0
$100B
5
FOC3
0
4
FOC4
0
3
FOC5
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
FOC[1:5] — Force Output Compare
Write ones to force compare(s)
0 = Not affected
1 = Output x action occurs
Bits [2:0] — Not implemented
Always read zero
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
OC1M — Output Compare 1 Mask
RESET:
BIT 7
OC1M7
0
6
OC1M6
0
$100C
5
OC1M5
0
4
OC1M4
0
3
OC1M3
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
Set bit(s) to enable OC1 to control corresponding port A pin(s). If OC1Mx is set, data in OC1Dx is output
on port A pin x upon successful OC1 compares.
Bits [2:0] — Not implemented
Always read zero
OC1D — Output Compare 1 Data
RESET:
BIT 7
OC1D7
0
6
OC1D6
0
$100D
5
OC1D5
0
4
OC1D4
0
3
OC1D3
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
Set bit(s) to enable OC1 to control corresponding port A pin(s). If OC1Mx is set, data in OC1Dx is output
to port A bit x on successful OC1 compares.
Bits [2:0] — Not implemented
Always read zero
TCNT — Timer Counter
BIT 15
BIT 7
$100E–$100F
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TCNT (HI)
TCNT (LO)
TCNT resets to $0000. In normal modes (SMOD = 0), TCNT is a read-only register.
TIC1–TIC3 — Timer Input Capture
$1010–$1015
$1010
$1011
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TIC1 (HI)
TIC1 (LO)
$1012
$1013
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TIC2 (HI)
TIC2 (LO)
$1014
$1015
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TIC3 (HI)
TIC3 (LO)
TICx is not affected by reset.
36
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
TOC1–TOC4 — Timer Output Compare
$1016–$101D
$1016
$1017
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TOC1 (HI)
TOC1 (LO)
$1018
$1019
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TOC2 (HI)
TOC2 (LO)
$101A
$101B
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TOC3 (HI)
TOC3 (LO)
$101C
$101D
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TOC4 (HI)
TOC4 (LO)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
All TOCx register pairs reset to $FFFF.
TI4/O5 — Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5
BIT 15
BIT 7
14
6
13
5
12
4
$101E–$101F
11
3
10
2
9
1
BIT 8
BIT 0
TCNT (HI)
TCNT (LO)
This is a shared register and is either input capture 4 or output compare 5 depending on the state of bit
I4/O5 in PACTL. Writes to TI4/O5 have no effect when this register is configured as input capture 4. The
TI4/O5 register pair resets to $FFFF.
TCTL1 — Timer Control 1
RESET:
BIT 7
OM2
0
$1020
6
OL2
0
5
OM3
0
4
OL3
0
3
OM4
0
2
OL4
0
1
OM5
0
BIT 0
OL5
0
Table 14 Output Compare Channel Configuration
OMx
OLx
Action on Successful Compare
0
0
None — Output Compare Channel (OCx) disabled
0
1
Toggle OCx output pin logic level
1
0
Drive OCx output pin low
1
1
Drive OCx output pin high
TCTL2 — Timer Control 2
RESET:
BIT 7
EDG4B
0
$1021
6
EDG4A
0
5
EDG1B
0
4
EDG1A
0
3
EDG2B
0
2
EDG2A
0
1
EDG3B
0
BIT 0
EDG3A
0
Table 15 Input Capture Channel Configuration
EDGxB EDGxA
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Input Capture Configuration
0
0
Input Capture Channel (ICx) disabled
0
1
Capture on rising edge on ICx input pin
1
0
Capture on falling edge on ICx input pin
1
1
Capture on any edge on ICx input pin
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
TMSK1 — Timer Interrupt Mask 1
RESET:
BIT 7
OC1I
0
6
OC2I
0
$1022
5
OC3I
0
4
OC4I
0
3
I4/O5I
0
2
IC1I
0
1
IC2I
0
BIT 0
IC3I
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
OC1I–OC4I — Output Compare (OCx) Interrupt Enable
If the OCxI enable bit is set when a match occurs, an interrupt is generated.
0 = Interrupts from OCx channel disabled
1 = Successful compares on OCx channel generate interrupts
I4/O5I — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Interrupt Enable
When I4/O5 in PACTL is one, I4/O5I is the input capture 4 interrupt enable bit and edges on the I4/O5
pin generate interrupts. When I4/O5 in PACTL is zero, I4/O5I is the output compare 5 interrupt enable
bit and successful matches generate interrupts.
0 = Interrupts from IC4/OC5 channel disabled
1 = Interrupts from IC4/OC5 channel enabled
IC1I–IC3I — Input Capture (ICx) Interrupt Enable
If the ICxI enable bit is set when an edge is detected on the ICx pin, an interrupt is generated.
0 = Interrupts from ICx channel disabled
1 = Edges detected on ICx pin generate interrupts
NOTE
Bits in TMSK1 correspond bit for bit with flag bits in TFLG1. Ones in TMSK1 enable
the corresponding interrupt sources.
TFLG1 — Timer Interrupt Flag 1
RESET:
BIT 7
OC1F
0
6
OC2F
0
$1023
5
OC3F
0
4
OC4F
0
3
I4/O5F
0
2
IC1F
0
1
IC2F
0
BIT 0
IC3F
0
Clear a flag by writing a one to the appropriate bit.
OC1F–OC4F — Output Compare (OCx) Interrupt Flag
If the OCxI enable bit is set when a match occurs, the corresponding flag bit is set and an interrupt is
generated.
0 = No match has occurred
1 = A successful compare has occurred on OCx channel
I4/O5I — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Interrupt Enable
When I4/O5 in PACTL is one, I4/O5I is the input capture 4 interrupt enable bit and edges (rising or falling, depending on configuration) on the I4/O5 pin cause this flag to be set and an interrupt is generated.
When I4/O5 in PACTL is zero, I4/O5I is the output compare 5 interrupt enable bit and successful matches cause this flag to be set and an interrupt generated.
0 = Interrupts from IC4/OC5 channel disabled
1 = Interrupts from IC4/OC5 channel enabled
IC1I–IC3I — Input Capture (ICx) Interrupt Enable
If the ICxI enable bit is set when an edge (rising or falling, depending on configuration) is detected on
the ICx pin, an interrupt is generated.
0 = Interrupts from ICx channel disabled
1 = Edges detected on ICx pin generate interrupts
38
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
TMSK2 — Timer Interrupt Mask 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TOI
0
6
RTII
0
$1024
5
PAOVI
0
4
PAII
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
PR1
0
BIT 0
PR0
0
Bits [7:4] can be written at any time. PR[1:0] can only be written once in the first 64 cycles after reset in
normal modes (SMOD = 0). In special modes (SMOD = 1) PR[1:0] can be written any time.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TOI — Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
If the TOI enable bit is set when the value in the timer counter register (TCNT) changes from $FFFF to
$0000, an interrupt is generated.
0 = Timer overflow interrupts disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated each time TCNT rolls over to $0000
RTII — Real-Time Interrupt Enable
If RTII enable bit is set, interrupts are generated at the rate determined by the real-time interrupt rate
(RTR[1:0]) bits in PACTL.
0 = Periodic interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated at the rate determined by RTR[1:0]
PAOVI — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Enable
If the PAOVI enable bit is set when the pulse accumulator counter register (PACNT) changes from
$FFFF to $0000 an interrupt is generated.
0 = PCNT overflow interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated each time PCNT rolls over to $0000
PAII — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Enable
If the PAII enable bit is set when an edge (rising or falling, depending on configuration) is detected on
the pulse accumulator input pin (PA7/PAI), an interrupt is generated.
0 = Interrupts from edges on PAI pin are disabled
1 = Edges detected on PAI pin generate interrupts (rising or falling, depending on configuration)
Bits [3:2] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
PR[1:0] — Timer Prescaler Select
Table 16 Main Timer Prescaler Selection
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
PR1
PR0
Prescaler Selected
0
0
÷1
0
1
÷4
1
0
÷8
1
1
÷16
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
TFLG2 — Timer Interrupt Flag 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TOF
0
6
RTIF
0
$1025
5
PAOVF
0
4
PAIF
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TOF — Timer Overflow Interrupt Flag
If the TOI enable bit is set when the timer counter register (TCNT) changes from $FFFF to $0000, this
flag is set and an interrupt is generated.
0 = TCNT has not rolled over since either the TOF flag bit was last cleared or the TOI enable bit
was set.
1 = TCNT has rolled over to $0000
RTIF — Real-Time Interrupt Flag
If RTII enable bit is set, this flag is set and an interrupt is generated periodically at the rate determined
by the real-time interrupt rate (RTR[1:0]) bits in PACTL.
0 = No periodic interrupt has occurred since either the RTIF flag bit was last cleared or when the
RTII enable bit was set
1 = A periodic interrupt has occurred
PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Flag
If the PAOVI enable bit is set when the pulse accumulator counter register (PCNT) rolls over to $0000,
this flag is set and an interrupt is generated.
0 = PCNT has not rolled over since either the PAOVF flag bit was last cleared or the PAOVI enable
bit was set.
1 = PCNT has rolled over to $0000
PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Flag
If the PAII enable bit is set when an edge is detected on the pulse accumulator input pin (PA7/PAI), this
flag is set and an interrupt is generated.
0 = No edge has been detected on the PAI pin
1 = An edge (rising or falling, depending on configuration) has been detected on the PAI pin
Bits [3:0] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
PACTL — Pulse Accumulator Control
RESET:
BIT 7
—
0
6
PAEN
0
5
PAMOD
0
$1026
4
PEDGE
0
3
—
0
2
I4/O5
0
1
RTR1
0
BIT 0
RTR0
0
Bits [7:4] can be written at any time. PR[1:0] can only be written once in the first 64 cycles after reset in
normal modes (SMOD = 0). In special modes (SMOD = 1) PR[1:0] can be written any time.
Bit 7 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
PAEN — Pulse Accumulator Enable
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator.
PAMOD — Pulse Accumulator Mode Select
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator.
PEDGE — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Select
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator.
40
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Bit 3 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
I4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Select
0 = Interrupts from edges on PAI pin are disabled
1 = Edges detected on PAI pin generate interrupts (rising or falling, depending on configuration)
RTR[1:0] — Real-Time Interrupt Rate Select
Table 17 Real-Time Interrupt Rates
Rate
RTR[1:0]
Selected
13
E = 1.0 MHz
E = 2.0 MHz
E = 3.0 MHz
00
2
÷E
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
2.731 ms
01
214 ÷ E
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
5.461 ms
10
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RTI Rate Selected
11
15
÷E
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
16
÷E
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
21.845 ms
2
2
OPTION — System Configuration Options
$1039
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADPU
CSEL
IRQE*
DLY*
CME
—
CR1*
CR0*
RESET:
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
* Can be written only once in first 64 cycles after reset in normal modes, or at any time in special modes.
ADPU — A/D Converter Power up
Refer to 9 Analog-to-Digital Converter
CSEL — Clock Select
0 = A/D and EEPROM use the system E clock
1 = A/D and EEPROM use internal RC clock
IRQE — IRQ Select Edge-Sensitive Only
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts
DLY — Enable Oscillator Start-up Delay
0 = No stabilization delay on exit from STOP mode.
1 = A delay of approximately 4000 E-clock cycles is imposed as the MCU exits STOP mode.
CME — Clock Monitor Enable
0 = Clock monitor disabled; slow clock can be used.
1 = Slow or stopped clocks cause COP failure reset.
Bit 2 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
CR[1:0] — COP Timer Rate Select
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts
Table 18 COP Timer Rate Selection
CR[1:0]
Rate
Selected
00
215 ÷ E
01
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
17
19
2
Period Length
E = 1.0 MHz E = 2.0 MHz E = 3.0 MHz
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
÷E
131.072 ms
65.536 ms
43.691 ms
÷E
524.288 ms
262.140 ms
174.76 ms
2.097 s
1.049 s
699.05 ms
10
2
11
221 ÷ E
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
7.3 Real-Time Interrupt
The real-time interrupt (RTI) function can generate interrupts at different fixed periodic rates. These
rates are a function of the MCU oscillator frequency and the value of the software-accessible control
bits, RTR1 and RTR0. These bits determine the rate at which interrupts are requested by the RTI system. The RTI system is driven by an E divided by 213 rate clock compensated so that it is independent
of the timer prescaler. The RTR1 and RTR0 control bits select an additional division factor. RTI is set
to its fastest rate by default out of reset and can be changed at any time.
Table 19 Real-Time Interrupt Rates (Period Length)
Period Length
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RTR[1:0]
Selected
13
Period Length
E = 1.0 MHz
E = 2.0 MHz
E = 3.0 MHz
00
2
÷E
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
2.731 ms
01
214 ÷ E
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
5.461 ms
10
15
÷E
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
16
÷E
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
21.845 ms
2
11
2
Table 20 Real-Time Interrupt Rates (Frequency)
Maximum
RTR[1:0]
Frequency Possible
13
Maximum Interrupt Frequency
E = 1.0 MHz
E = 2.0 MHz
E = 3.0 MHz
00
2
÷E
122.070 Hz
244.141 Hz
366.211 Hz
01
214 ÷ E
61.035 Hz
122.070 Hz
183.105 Hz
10
15
÷E
30.518 Hz
61.035 Hz
91.553 Hz
16
÷E
15.258 Hz
30.518 Hz
45.776 Hz
2
11
2
TFLG2 — Timer Interrupt Flag 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TOF
0
6
RTIF
0
$1025
5
PAOVF
0
4
PAIF
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
TOF — Timer Overflow Interrupt Flag
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer
RTIF — Real-Time Interrupt Flag
If RTII enable bit is set, this flag is set and an interrupt is generated periodically at the rate determined
by the real-time interrupt rate (RTR[1:0]) bits in PACTL.
0 = No periodic interrupt has occurred since either the RTIF flag bit was last cleared or the RTII
enable bit was set
1 = A periodic interrupt has occurred
PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Flag
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator
PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Flag
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator
Bits [3:0] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
42
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PACTL — Pulse Accumulator Control
RESET:
BIT 7
—
0
6
PAEN
0
$1026
5
PAMOD
0
4
PEDGE
0
3
—
0
2
I4/O5
0
1
RTR1
0
BIT 0
RTR0
0
Bits [7:4] can be written at any time. PR[1:0] can only be written once in the first 64 cycles after reset in
normal modes (SMOD = 0). In special modes (SMOD = 1) PR[1:0] can be written any time.
Bit 7 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PAEN — Pulse Accumulator Enable
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator
PAMOD — Pulse Accumulator Mode Select
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator
PEDGE — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Select
Refer to 7.4 Pulse Accumulator
Bit 3 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
I4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Select
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer
RTR[1:0] — Real-Time Interrupt Rate Select
Table 21 Real-Time Interrupt Rates
Rate
RTI Rate Selected
RTR[1:0]
Selected
E = 1.0 MHz
E = 2.0 MHz
E = 3.0 MHz
00
213 ÷ E
8.192 ms
4.096 ms
2.731 ms
01
10
11
14
÷E
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
5.461 ms
15
÷E
32.768 ms
16.384 ms
10.923 ms
16
÷E
65.536 ms
32.768 ms
21.845 ms
2
2
2
7.4 Pulse Accumulator
M68HC11-family MCUs have an 8-bit counter within the timing system that can be configured for event
counting or for gated time accumulation. The counter (PACNT) can be read or written at any time.
The port A bit 7 I/O pin can be configured to act as a clock in event counting mode and edges on the
pulse accumulator input pin cause the counter (PACNT) to increment. When the pulse accumulator is
configured for time accumulation, an edge on the pulse accumulator input pin enables a free-running
clock (E divided by 64) that drives PACNT in gated time accumulation mode. Refer to Figure 10.
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PAOVI
PAOVF
1
INTERRUPT
REQUESTS
PAII
PAIF
2
PAOVF
PAIF
PAOVI
PAII
PLLTO ÷ 64 CLOCK *
(FROM MAIN TIMER)
TFLG2 INTERRUPT STATUS
TMSK2 INT ENABLES
PAI EDGE
PAEN
DISABLE
FLAG SETTING
CLOCK
2:1
MUX
INPUT BUFFER
AND
EDGE DETECTOR
PA7/
PAI/
OC1
PACNT 8-BIT COUNTER
ENABLE
DATA
BUS
OUTPUT
BUFFER
PAEN
PAEN
PAMOD
PEDGE
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
OVERFLOW
MCU PIN
FROM
MAIN TIMER OC1
FROM DATA DIRECTION
BIT FOR PORT A PIN 7
PACTL CONTROL
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
* REFER TO TIMER AND PLL BLOCK DIAGRAMS.
EA9 PLS ACC BLOCK
Figure 10 Pulse Accumulator Block Diagram
PACTL — Pulse Accumulator Control
RESET:
BIT 7
—
0
6
PAEN
0
5
PAMOD
0
$1026
4
PEDGE
0
3
—
0
2
I4/O5
0
1
RTR1
0
BIT 0
RTR0
0
Bits [7:4] can be written at any time. PR[1:0] can only be written once in the first 64 cycles after reset in
normal modes (SMOD = 0). In special modes (SMOD = 1) PR[1:0] can be written any time.
Bit 7 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
PAEN — Pulse Accumulator Enable
0 = Periodic interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated at the rate determined by RTR[1:0]
PAMOD — Pulse Accumulator Mode Select
0 = PCNT overflow interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated each time PCNT rolls over to $0000
44
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PEDGE — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Select
0 = Interrupts from edges on PAI pin are disabled
1 = Edges detected on PAI pin generate interrupts (rising or falling, depending on configuration)
Bit 3 — Not Implemented
Always reads zero
I4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Select
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer.
RTR[1:0] — Timer Prescaler Select
Refer to 7.3 Real-Time Interrupt.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PACNT — Pulse Accumulator Counter
BIT 7
BIT 7
6
6
5
5
$1027
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
BIT 0
BIT 0
Can be read and written, unaffected by reset.
TMSK2 — Timer Interrupt Mask 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TOI
0
6
RTII
0
$1024
5
PAOVI
0
4
PAII
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
PR1
0
BIT 0
PR0
0
Bits [7:4] can be written at any time. PR[1:0] can only be written once in the first 64 cycles after reset in
normal modes (SMOD = 0). In special modes (SMOD = 1) PR[1:0] can be written any time.
TOI — Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer.
RTII — Real-Time Interrupt Enable
Refer to 7.3 Real-Time Interrupt.
PAOVI — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Enable
If the PAOVI enable bit is set when the pulse accumulator counter register (PACNT) changes from
$FFFF to $0000 an interrupt is generated.
0 = PCNT overflow interrupts are disabled
1 = Interrupts are generated each time PCNT rolls over to $0000
PAII — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Enable
If the PAII enable bit is set when an edge (rising or falling, depending on configuration) is detected on
the pulse accumulator input pin (PA7/PAI), an interrupt is generated.
0 = Interrupts from edges on PAI pin are disabled
1 = Edges detected on PAI pin generate interrupts (rising or falling, depending on configuration)
Bits [3:2] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
PR[1:0] — Timer Prescaler Select
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer.
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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TFLG2 — Timer Interrupt Flag 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TOF
0
6
RTIF
0
$1025
5
PAOVF
0
4
PAIF
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
—
0
TOF — Timer Overflow Interrupt Flag
Refer to 7.2 Main Timer.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RTIF — Real-Time Interrupt Flag
Refer to 7.3 Real-Time Interrupt.
PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Flag
If the PAOVI enable bit is set when the pulse accumulator counter register (PCNT) rolls over to $0000,
this flag is set and an interrupt is generated.
0 = PCNT has not rolled over since either the PAOVF flag bit was last cleared or when the PAOVI
enable bit was set.
1 = PCNT has rolled over to $0000
PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Flag
If the PAII enable bit is set when an edge is detected on the pulse accumulator input pin (PA7/PAI), this
flag is set and an interrupt is generated.
0 = No edge has been detected on the PAI pin
1 = An edge (rising or falling, depending on configuration) has been detected on the PAI pin
Bits [3:0] — Not Implemented
Always read zero
46
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
8 Serial Communications Interface
The SCI, a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) serial communications interface, is an
independent serial I/O subsystem in MC68HC(7)11EA9 MCUs. The registers and control bits used in
previous M68HC11 SCI systems have been rearranged and new features added. New or enhanced features include the following:
• A 13-bit modulus prescaler that allows greater baud rate control
• A new idle mode detect, independent of preceding serial data
• A receiver active flag
• Hardware parity for both transmitter and receiver
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The enhanced baud rate generator is shown in the following diagram. Refer to the table of SCI baud
rate control values for standard values.
SCI BAUD CLOCK
EXTAL ÷ 2, IF MCS = 0
4XCLK ÷ 2, IF MCS = 1
INTERNAL
PHASE 2 CLOCK
(PH2)
13-BIT COUNTER
RESET
13-BIT COMPARE
=
÷2
RECEIVER
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
SYNCHRONIZE
WITH PH2
SCBDH/L SCI BAUD CONTROL
÷ 16
TRANSMITTER
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
EA9 BAUD GEN BLOCK
Figure 11 SCI Baud Generator Circuit Diagram
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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R8 T8 — — — — — —
SCDRH Tx/Rx DATA HIGH
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
$x077
SCDRL Tx/Rx DATA LOW
$x076
TRANSMITTER
CLOCK
(FROM MODULUS BAUD
RATE GENERATOR)
(WRITE ONLY)
DDD1
10 (11) - BIT Tx SHIFT REGISTER
1
0
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
L
PD1
TxD
BREAK—JAM 0s
2
PREAMBLE—JAM 1s
3
JAM ENABLE
4
SHIFT ENABLE
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PARITY
GENERATOR
5
TRANSFER Tx BUFFER
6
SIZE 8/9
H (8) 7
FORCE PIN
DIRECTION (OUT)
PF
FE
NF
TDRE
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
PE
PT
M
WAKE
ILT
LOOPS
WOMS
TRANSMITTER
CONTROL LOGIC
SCSR1 SCI STATUS 1
SCCR1 SCI CONTROL 1
TDRE
TIE
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU
SBK
TC
TCIE
SCCR2 SCI CONTROL 2
SCI Rx
REQUESTS
SCI INTERRUPT
REQUEST
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
EA9 SCI TX BLOCK
Figure 12 SCI Transmitter Block Diagram
48
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
RECEIVER
CLOCK
(FROM MODULUS
BAUD RATE
GENERATOR)
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
PD0
RxD
10 (11) - BIT
Rx SHIFT REGISTER
STOP
÷16
DATA
RECOVERY
(8) 7
6
5
4
3
MSB
RAF
RE
(DISABLES
PIN DRIVER)
2
1
0
ALL ONES
PARITY
DETECT
SCSR2 SCI STATUS 2
M
TDRE
SCCR1 SCI CONTROL 1
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
NF
FE
PF
RWU
PE
PT
M
WAKE
ILT
WAKEUP
LOGIC
LOOPS
WOMS
R8 T8 — — — — — —
$x076
SCDRH Tx/Rx DATA HIGH
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
$x077
SCDRL Tx/Rx DATA LOW
SCSR1 SCI STATUS 1
(READ ONLY)
RDRF
RIE
IDLE
ILIE
SBK
RE
RWU
OR
RIE
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
START
DDD0
SCCR2 SCI CONTROL 2
SCI Tx
REQUESTS
SCI INTERRUPT
REQUEST
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
EA9 SCI RX BLOC
Figure 13 SCI Receiver Block Diagram
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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SCBDH, SCBDL — SCI Baud Rate Select High, SCI Baud Rate Select Low
$1028
RESET:
$1029
RESET:
BIT 7
BTST
0
SBR7
0
6
BSPL
0
SBR6
0
5
—
0
SBR5
0
4
SBR12
0
SBR4
0
3
SBR11
0
SBR3
0
2
SBR10
0
SBR2
1
$1028, $1029
1
SBR9
0
SBR1
0
BIT 0
SBR8
0
SBR0
0
High
Low
BTST — Baud Register Test (TEST)
Factory test only
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
BSPL — Baud Rate Counter Split (TEST)
Factory test only
Bit 5 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
SBR[12:0] — SCI Baud Rate Select Bits
Use the following formula to calculate SCI baud rate. Refer to the table of baud rate control values for
example rates:
SCI baud rate = EXTAL ÷ (32 • BR)
where BR is the contents of SBR[12:0] in SCBDH,L (BR = 1, 2, 3 ... 8191 decimal, or BR = $0001,
$0002, $0003 ... $1FFF hexadecimal)
BR = 0 disables the baud rate generator.
Table 22 Baud Rate Selection
Target
Crystal Frequency (XTAL)
Baud
Rate
50
8 MHz
12 MHz
16 MHz
Dec Value Hex Value Dec Value Hex Value Dec Value Hex Value
110
2272
$08E0
3409
$0D51
4545
$11C1
312
156
78
2500
$09C4
3333
$0D05
300
833
$0341
1250
$04E2
1666
$0682
600
416
$01A0
625
$0271
833
$0341
1200
208
$00D0
312
$0138
416
$01A0
2400
104
$0068
156
$009C
208
$00D0
4800
52
$0034
78
$004E
104
$0068
9600
26
$001A
39
$0027
52
$0034
19.2K
13
$000D
20
$0014
26
$001A
38.4K
—
—
—
—
13
$000D
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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SCCR1 — SCI Control Register 1
RESET:
BIT 7
LOOPS
0
6
WOMS
0
$102A
5
—
0
4
M
0
3
WAKE
0
2
ILT
0
1
PE
0
BIT 0
PT
0
LOOPS — SCI LOOP Mode Enable
0 = SCI transmit and receive operate normally
1 = SCI transmit and receive are disconnected from TxD and RxD pins, and transmitter output is
fed back into the receiver input
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
WOMS — Wired-Or Mode Option for PD[1:0] (See also DWOM bit in SPCR.)
0 = TxD and RxD operate normally
1 = TxD and RxD are open drains if operating as an output
Bit 5 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
M — Mode (Select Character Format)
0 = Start, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
1 = Start, 9 data bits, 1 stop bit
WAKE — Wake-Up by Address Mark/Idle
0 = Wake-up by IDLE line recognition
1 = Wake-up by address mark (most significant data bit set)
ILT — Idle Line Type
0 = Short (SCI counts consecutive ones after start bit)
1 = Long (SCI counts ones only after stop bit)
PE — Parity Enable
0 = Parity disabled
1 = Parity enabled
PT — Parity Type
0 = Parity even (even number of ones causes parity bit to be zero, odd number of ones causes parity bit to be one)
1 = Parity odd (odd number of ones causes parity bit to be zero, even number of ones causes parity
bit to be one)
SCCR2 — SCI Control Register 2
RESET:
BIT 7
TIE
0
6
TCIE
0
$102B
5
RIE
0
4
ILIE
0
3
TE
0
2
RE
0
1
RWU
0
BIT 0
SBK
0
TIE — Transmit Interrupt Enable
0 = TDRE interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when TDRE status flag is set
TCIE — Transmit Complete Interrupt Enable
0 = TC interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when TC status flag is set
RIE — Receiver Interrupt Enable
0 = RDRF and OR interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when RDRF flag or the OR status flag is set
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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ILIE — Idle Line Interrupt Enable
0 = IDLE interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when IDLE status flag is set
TE — Transmitter Enable
0 = Transmitter disabled
1 = Transmitter enabled
RE — Receiver Enable
0 = Receiver disabled
1 = Receiver enabled
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RWU — Receiver Wake-Up Control
0 = Normal SCI receiver
1 = Wake-up enabled and receiver interrupts inhibited
SBK — Send Break
0 = Break generator off
1 = Break codes generated as long as SBK = 1
SCSR1 — SCI Status Register 1
RESET:
BIT 7
TDRE
0
6
TC
0
$102C
5
RDRF
0
4
IDLE
0
3
OR
0
2
NF
0
1
FE
0
BIT 0
PF
0
TDRE — Transmit Data Register Empty Flag
Set if transmit data can be written to SCDR; if TDRE = 0, transmit data register is busy. Cleared by
SCSR1 read with TDRE set, followed by SCDR write.
0 = Transmit data register contains data and is busy
1 = Transmit data register is empty and SCDR can be written
TC — Transmit Complete Flag
Set if transmitter is idle (no data, preamble, or break transmission in progress). Cleared by SCSR1 read
with TC set, followed by SCDR write.
0 = Transmitter is busy
1 = Transmitter is idle and SCDR can be written
RDRF — Receive Data Register Full Flag
Set if a received character is ready to be read from SCDR. Cleared by SCSR1 read with RDRF set,
followed by SCDR read.
IDLE — Idle Line Detected Flag
Once cleared, IDLE is set again until the RxD line has been active and becomes idle once more. IDLE
flag is inhibited when RWU = 1. Set if the RxD line is idle. Cleared by SCSR1 read with IDLE set, followed by SCDR read.
OR — Overrun Error Flag
Set if a new character is received before a previously received character is read from SCDR. Cleared
by SCSR1 read with OR set, followed by SCDR read.
NF — Noise Error Flag
Set if majority sample logic detects anything other than a unanimous decision. Cleared by SCSR1 read
with NF set, followed by SCDR read.
FE — Framing Error
Set if a zero is detected where a stop bit was expected. Cleared by SCSR1 read with FE set, followed
by SCDR read.
52
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
PF — Parity Error Flag
Set if received data has incorrect parity. Cleared by SCSR1 read with PE set, followed by SCDR read.
SCSR2 — SCI Status Register 2
RESET:
BIT 7
—
0
6
—
0
$102D
5
—
0
4
—
0
3
—
0
2
—
0
1
—
0
BIT 0
RAF
0
Bits [7:1] — Not implemented
Always read zero
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RAF — Receiver Active Flag (Read only)
0 = The receiver circuitry is idle
1 = A character is being received
SCDRH, SCDRL — SCI Data High, SCI Data Low
$102E
$102F
BIT 7
R8
R7/T7
6
T8
R6/T6
5
—
R5/T5
4
—
R4/T4
$102E, $102F
3
—
R3/T3
2
—
R2/T2
1
—
R1/T1
BIT 0
—
R0/T0
High
Low
R8 — Receiver Bit 8
Ninth serial data bit received when SCI is configured for nine data bit operation (M = 1).
T8 — Transmitter Bit 8
Ninth serial data bit transmitted when SCI is configured for nine data bit operation (M = 1).
Bits [5:0] — Not implemented
Always read zero
R/T[7:0] — Receiver/Transmitter Data Bits 7 to 0
SCI data is double buffered in both directions.
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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9 Analog-to-Digital Converter
The analog-to-digital (A/D) converter system uses an all-capacitive charge-redistribution technique to
convert analog signals to digital values. The MC68HC(7)11EA9 A/D converter system, a four-channel
multiplexed-input successive-approximation converter, is accurate to ±1 least significant bit (LSB). It
does not require external sample and hold circuits because of the type of charge-redistribution technique used.
Dedicated pins VRH and VRL provide the reference supply voltage inputs.
A multiplexer allows the single A/D converter to select one of 16 analog signals.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PE0
AN0
VRH
8-BIT CAPACITIVE DAC
WITH SAMPLE AND HOLD
PE1
AN1
VRL
PE2
AN2
SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION
REGISTER AND CONTROL
PE3
AN3
PE4
AN4
RESULT
ANALOG
MUX
PE5
AN5
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
PE7
AN7
SCAN
MULT
CD
CC
CB
CA
CCF
PE6
AN6
ADCTL A/D CONTROL
RESULT REGISTER INTERFACE
ADR1 A/D RESULT 1
ADR2 A/D RESULT 2
ADR3 A/D RESULT 3
ADR4 A/D RESULT 4
EA9 A/D BLOCK
Figure 14 A/D Block Diagram
54
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MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
SAMPLE ANALOG INPUT
BIT 6
2
CYC
BIT 5
2
CYC
BIT 4
2
CYC
BIT 3
2
CYC
BIT 2
2
CYC
BIT 1
2
CYC
LSB
2
CYC
2
CYC
END
SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION SEQUENCE
SET CCF FLAG
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
MSB
4
CYCLES
12 E CYCLES
CONVERT FIRST
CHANNEL
AND UPDATE ADR1
32
CONVERT SECOND
CHANNEL
AND UPDATE ADR2
64
CONVERT THIRD
CHANNEL
AND UPDATE ADR3
CONVERT FOURTH
CHANNEL
AND UPDATE ADR4
96
128
REPEAT SEQUENCE IF SCAN = 1
WRITE TO ADCTL
E CLOCK
E
CYCLES
EA9 A/D CONVERSION TIM
Figure 15 A/D Conversion Sequence
INPUT
PROTECTION
DEVICE
ANALOG
INPUT
PIN
< 2 pF
+ ~20 V
– ~0.7 V
DIFFUSION AND
POLY COUPLER
< 4 KΩ
400 nA
JUNCTION
LEAKAGE
*
~20 pF
DAC
CAPACITANCE
VRL
*THIS ANALOG SWITCH IS CLOSED ONLY DURING THE 12-CYCLE SAMPLE TIME.
EA9 ANALOG INPUT PIN
Figure 16 Electrical Model of an A/D Input Pin (Sample Mode)
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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ADCTL — A/D Control/Status
RESET:
BIT 7
CCF
I
$1030
6
—
0
5
SCAN
I
4
MULT
I
3
CD
I
2
CC
I
1
CB
I
BIT 0
CA
I
CCF — Conversions Complete Flag
Set after an A/D conversion cycle is completed. CCF is cleared by a write to ADCTL.
0 = The A/D converter is currently performing a conversion sequence
1 = The A/D converter has completed a conversion, placed the result in the appropriate result register and is currently idle
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Bit 6 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
SCAN — Continuous Scan Control
0 = Do four conversions and stop
1 = Convert four channels in selected group continuously
MULT — Multiple Channel/Single Channel Control
0 = Convert single channel selected
1 = Convert four channels in selected group
CD–CA — Channel Select D through A
Table 23 A/D Converter Channel Select Control Bits
Channel Select Control Bits
56
Channel
Result in ADRx if
CD
CC
CB
CA
Signal
MULT = 1
0
0
0
0
AN0
ADR1
0
0
0
1
AN1
ADR2
0
0
1
0
AN2
ADR3
0
0
1
1
AN3
ADR4
0
1
0
0
AN4
ADR1
0
1
0
1
AN5
ADR2
0
1
1
0
AN6
ADR3
0
1
1
1
AN7
ADR4
1
0
0
0
Reserved
—
1
0
0
1
Reserved
—
1
0
1
0
Reserved
—
1
0
1
1
Reserved
—
1
1
0
0
VRH*
ADR1
1
1
0
1
VRL*
ADR2
1
1
1
0
(VRH)/2*
ADR3
1
1
1
1
Reserved
ADR4
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MC68HC11EA9TS/D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
ADR1–ADR4 — A/D Results
$1031–$1034
$1031
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADR1
$1032
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADR2
$1033
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADR3
$1034
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADR4
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 24 Analog Input to 8-Bit Result Translation
% (1)
Bit 7
50%
6
25%
5
12.5%
4
6.25%
3
3.12%
2
1.56%
1
0.78%
Bit 0
0.39%
VOLTS (2)
2.5
1.250
0.625
0.3125
0.1562
0.0781
0.0391
0.0195
(1) % of VRH – VRL
(2) Volts for VRL = 0; VRH = 5.0 V
OPTION — System Configuration Options
$1039
BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
BIT 0
ADPU
CSEL
IRQE*
DLY*
CME
—
CR1*
CR0*
RESET:
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
* Can be written only once in first 64 cycles after reset in normal modes, or at any time in special modes.
ADPU — A/D Converter Power-Up
0 = A/D converter disabled and powered down
1 = A/D converter is enabled and powered on
CSEL — Clock Select
0 = A/D and EEPROM use the system E clock
1 = A/D and EEPROM use internal RC clock
IRQE — IRQ Select Edge-Sensitive Only
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts.
DLY — Enable Oscillator Start-up Delay
0 = No stabilization delay on exit from STOP mode.
1 = A delay of approximately 4000 E-clock cycles is imposed as the MCU exits STOP mode.
CME — Clock Monitor Enable
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts.
Bit 2 — Not implemented
Always reads zero
CR[1:0] — COP Timer Rate Select
Refer to 5 Resets and Interrupts.
MC68HC11EA9
MC68HC11EA9TS/D
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How to Reach Us:
Home Page:
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
E-mail:
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Technical Information Center
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+44 1296 380 456 (English)
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Japan:
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Headquarters
ARCO Tower 15F
1-8-1, Shimo-Meguro, Meguro-ku,
Tokyo 153-0064
Japan
0120 191014 or +81 3 5437 9125
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Fax: 303-675-2150
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implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or
implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated
circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document.
Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to
any products herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or
guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does
Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of
any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without
limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be
provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do
vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating
parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by
customer’s technical experts. Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license
under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Freescale Semiconductor products are
not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for
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and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all
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directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such
unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale
Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part.
Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software
implementers to use Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or
implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated
circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document.
Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to
any products herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or
guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does
Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of
any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without
limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be
provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do
vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating
parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by
customer’s technical experts. Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license
under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Freescale Semiconductor products are
not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for
surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life,
or for any other application in which the failure of the Freescale Semiconductor product
could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer
purchase or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended or
unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Freescale Semiconductor
and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all
claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of,
directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such
unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Freescale
Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part.