OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 LM565/LM565C Phase Locked Loop Check for Samples: LM565, LM565C FEATURES DESCRIPTION • • The LM565 and LM565C are general purpose phase locked loops containing a stable, highly linear voltage controlled oscillator for low distortion FM demodulation, and a double balanced phase detector with good carrier suppression. The VCO frequency is set with an external resistor and capacitor, and a tuning range of 10:1 can be obtained with the same capacitor. The characteristics of the closed loop system—bandwidth, response speed, capture and pull in range—may be adjusted over a wide range with an external resistor and capacitor. The loop may be broken between the VCO and the phase detector for insertion of a digital frequency divider to obtain frequency multiplication. 1 2 • • • • 200 ppm/°C Frequency Stability of the VCO Power Supply Range of ±5 to ±12 Volts with 100 ppm/% Typical 0.2% Linearity of Demodulated Output Linear Triangle Wave with in Phase Zero Crossings Available TTL and DTL Compatible Phase Detector Input and Square Wave Output Adjustable Hold in Range from ±1% to > ±60% APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • Data and Tape Zynchronization Modems FSK Demodulation FM Demodulation Frequency Synthesizer Tone Decoding Frequency Multiplication and Division SCA Demodulators Telemetry Receivers Signal Regeneration Coherent Demodulators The LM565H is specified for operation over the −55°C to +125°C military temperature range. The LM565CN is specified for operation over the 0°C to +70°C temperature range. Connection Diagram TO-100 Package See Package Number LME 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Dual-in-Line Package PDIP See Package Number NFF These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) (2) Supply Voltage ±12V Power Dissipation (3) 1400 mW Differential Input Voltage ±1V Operating Temperature Range −55°C to +125°C LM565H LM565CN 0°C to +70°C −65°C to +150°C Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) (1) (2) (3) 260°C Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not ensure specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications under particular test conditions which ensure specific performance limits. This assumes that the device is within the Operating Ratings. Specifications are not ensured for parameters where no limit is given, however, the typical value is a good indication of device performance. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. The maximum junction temperature of the LM565 and LM565C is +150°C. For operation at elevated temperatures, devices in the TO-5 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of +150°C/W junction to ambient or +45°C/W junction to case. Thermal resistance of the dual-in-line package is +85°C/W. Electrical Characteristics AC Test Circuit, TA = 25°C, VCC = ±6V Parameter Conditions LM565 Min Power Supply Current Input Impedance (Pins 2, 3) −4V < V2, V3 < 0V VCO Maximum Operating Frequency Co = 2.7 pF VCO Free-Running Frequency Co = 1.5 nF Ro = 20 kΩ fo = 10 kHz Typ Max 8.0 12.5 7 10 300 500 −10 0 Operating Frequency Temperature Coefficient LM565C +10 Min Triangle Wave Output Voltage 2 Triangle Wave Output Linearity 1.0 2.4 3 5.4 45 50 Output Impedance (Pin 4) Square Wave Rise Time 500 kHz −30 0 2 0.6 VCO Sensitivity fo = 10 kHz Demodulated Output Voltage (Pin 7) ±10% Frequency Deviation Total Harmonic Distortion ±10% Frequency Deviation Output Impedance (Pin 7) DC Level (Pin 7) 1 2.4 3 Vp-p % 40 50 0.6 300 400 0.2 0.75 kΩ 60 % 200 ns 50 ns 1 mA 6600 Hz/V 300 450 0.2 1.5 mVp-p % 3.5 Output Offset Voltage |V7 − V6| 30 100 Temperature Drift of |V7 − V6| 500 30 %/V 20 4.75 Phase Detector Sensitivity KD 1.5 5 55 4.5 AM Rejection 0.2 Vp-p 3.5 4.25 ppm/°C 5.4 6600 250 % 4.7 50 Output Current Sink (Pin 4) +30 0.5 20 Square Wave Fall Time mA 250 5 Square Wave Duty Cycle 12.5 −200 0.1 4.7 8.0 Units kΩ 0.2 Square Wave Output Level Max 5 −100 Frequency Drift with Supply Voltage Typ 4.0 kΩ 4.5 5.0 V 50 200 mV 500 μV/°C 40 40 dB 0.68 0.68 V/radian Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 3 OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics 4 Power Supply Current as a Function of Supply Voltage Lock Range as a Function of Input Voltage Figure 1. Figure 2. VCO Frequency Oscillator Output Waveforms Figure 3. Figure 4. Phase Shift vs Frequency VCO Frequency as a Function of Temperature Figure 5. Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) Loop Gain vs Load Resistance Hold in Range as a Function of R6–7 Figure 7. Figure 8. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 5 OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Schematic Diagram Figure 9. Schematic Diagram 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 AC Test Circuit Note: S1 open for output offset voltage (V7 − V6) measurement. Figure 10. AC Test Circuit Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 7 OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Typical Applications Figure 11. 2400 Hz Synchronous AM Demodulator 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Figure 12. FSK Demodulator (2025–2225 cps) Figure 13. FSK Demodulator with DC Restoration Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 9 OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Figure 14. Frequency Multiplier (×10) Figure 15. IRIG Channel 13 Demodulator 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION In designing with phase locked loops such as the LM565, the important parameters of interest are: FREE RUNNING FREQUENCY (1) LOOP GAIN: relates the amount of phase change between the input signal and the VCO signal for a shift in input signal frequency (assuming the loop remains in lock). In servo theory, this is called the “velocity error coefficient.” (2) The loop gain of the LM565 is dependent on supply voltage, and may be found from: (3) fo = VCO frequency in Hz Vc = total supply voltage to circuit Loop gain may be reduced by connecting a resistor between pins 6 and 7; this reduces the load impedance on the output amplifier and hence the loop gain. HOLD IN RANGE: the range of frequencies that the loop will remain in lock after initially being locked. where • • fo= free running frequency of VCO Vc= total supply voltage to the circuit (4) THE LOOP FILTER In almost all applications, it will be desirable to filter the signal at the output of the phase detector (pin 7); this filter may take one of two forms: Figure 16. Simple Lead Filter Figure 17. Lag-Lead Filter Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 11 OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com A simple lag filter may be used for wide closed loop bandwidth applications such as modulation following where the frequency deviation of the carrier is fairly high (greater than 10%), or where wideband modulating signals must be followed. The natural bandwidth of the closed loop response may be found from: (5) Associated with this is a damping factor: (6) For narrow band applications where a narrow noise bandwidth is desired, such as applications involving tracking a slowly varying carrier, a lead lag filter should be used. In general, if 1/R1C1 < Ko KD, the damping factor for the loop becomes quite small resulting in large overshoot and possible instability in the transient response of the loop. In this case, the natural frequency of the loop may be found from (7) R2 is selected to produce a desired damping factor δ, usually between 0.5 and 1.0. The damping factor is found from the approximation: δ ≊ π τ2fn (8) These two equations are plotted for convenience. Figure 18. Filter Time Constant vs Natural Frequency Figure 19. Damping Time Constant vs Natural Frequency Capacitor C2 should be much smaller than C1 since its function is to provide filtering of carrier. In general C2 ≤ 0.1 C1. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C OBSOLETE LM565, LM565C www.ti.com SNOSBU1B – MAY 1999 – REVISED APRIL 2013 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision A (April 2013) to Revision B • Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1999–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM565 LM565C 13 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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