Hamamatsu L6565 The best light source is supported by the best electrode technology Datasheet

L2D2
LAMPS
DEUTERIUM LAMPS
The best light source is supported by the best electrode technology.
PATENTS
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
LONG LIFE : 4000 HOURS
HIGH LIGHT OUTPUT : 1.3 TIMES HIGHER
■ Life Characteristics
50
C O N VEN
TIONAL
TYPE
L2D2 LA
MP
L2-2000
SERIES
L2D2 LA
L2-4000 MP
SERIES
0
0
1000
2000
TIME(h
ours)
3000
■ Radiant Output Intensity
4
LIGHT INTENSITY (A.U.)
LIGHT INTENSITY (%)
The L2-2000 series lamps
produce 1.3 times higher
light output than conventional lamps. The L2-4000
series lamps even offer
light output 1.1 times higher
than conventional lamps.
The L2-4000 series lamps
assure an operating life of
4000 hours-4 times longer
than conventional lamps.
This is the longest operating life of any deuterium
lamp.
100
(L2-2000 Series)
1.1 times higher (L2-4000 series)
4 times longer guaranteed life
L2D2LAM
PL
1.3 TIMES 2-2000 SERIES
HIGHER
3
2
1
CONVEN
TIONAL
TYPE
0
190 210
230 250
270
4000
290 310
330 350
370 390
GTH
WAVELEN
(nm)
TLSOB0050EA
TLSOB0052EA
HIGH STABILITY ±: 2 TIMES STABLE
SMALL INTENSITY VARIATIONS : 1/2
Fluctuation: 0.05 %p-p, Drift: 0.3 %/h
TLSOB0051EA
L2D2 LAMPS
1×10-5AU
By using a newly developed ceramic structure, a
uniform and optimum temperature distribution, which
are the most important
factor for stable operation,
can be obtained. This
results in fluctuations of
only 0.05 %p-p in the light
output, as well as a reduced drift of only ±0.3 %/h.
CONVENTIONAL LAMPS
TLSOF0138
APPLICATIONS
UV-VIS Spectrophotometers
CE(Capillary Electrophoresis)
SOx/NOx Analyzers
Film Thickness Measurement
HPLC
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers
Thin Layer Chromatography
The spacing between electrodes is kept fixed by a
molded ceramic spacer.
This reduces the lamp to
lamp variations in the light
output to one half of that
obtained with our lamps
having a conventional all
metal structure.
■ Intensity Variation
4
TLSOB0053EA
L2D2 LAMPS
3.5
RELATIVE INTENSITY(A.U.)
■ Light Output Stability
Compared to our conventional lamps
3
CONVENTIONAL
LAMPS
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
190
TIME (30 s/div.)
210
230
250
270
290
310
330
350
370
390
WAVELENGTH (nm)
EXCELLENT
TEMPERATURE
CHARACTERISTICS
1
Use of a ceramic structure with excellent thermal
stability ensures stable lamp operation even in
the presence of ambient temperature variations.
LESS MOVEMENT
OF ARC
EMISSION POINT
Since the ceramic structure has a small thermal
expansion coefficient, there is virtually no movement of the arc emission point during operation.
2
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
SPECIFICATIONS FOR L2D2 LAMPS
SELECTION GUIDE
Power
Consumption
Type
Cathode Rating
Series
2.5 V/1.0 V
3.0 V/0 V to 1 V
2.5 V/1.0 V
2.5 V/1.7 V
3.0 V/0 V to 1 V
10 V/2.5 V to 6.0 V
10 V/7.0 V
12 V to 15 V/0 V
2.5 V/1.0 V
2.5 V/1.7 V
L2-4000
General Purpose
L2-2000
30W
See-through
L2-2000
An Example for optics of See-through type
SEE-THROUGH TYPE
The see-through type electrode structure enables
straight-line arrangement of the halogen lamp, deuterium
lamp, optical system and optical passage. This simplifies
optical design of UV-VIS spectrophotometer etc., and
eliminates loss of light amount caused by the half mirror.
TOP VIEW
40˚
LENS
SEE-THROUGH
L2D2 LAMP
HALOGEN
LAMP
TLSOC0011EF
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL PURPOSE
Series
L2-4000
L2-2000
Type.
No.
L6565
L6566
L6301
L6302
L7298
L6303
L6304
L6305
L6306
L6307
L6308
L7296
L7296-50
L7295
L6309
L6310
L6311
L6311-50
L6312
L6312-50
L7293
L7292
Dimensional
outline
q
w
q
q
y
r
r
w
w
e
e
y
i
y
e
e
t
o
t
o
u
u
Window
Material
Spectral
Disiribution
Aperture
Diameter
(nm)
UV glass
185 to 400
UV glass
185 to 400
Synthetic silica
160 to 400
UV glass
185 to 400
UV glass
185 to 400
(mm)
1.0
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
UV glass
Synthetic silica
185 to 400
160 to 400
UV glass
185 to 400
UV glass
185 to 400
MgF2
115 to 400
Window
Material
Spectral
Disiribution
Required Discharge Starting
Voltage
Min.
(V dc)
350
350
400
350
350
400
350
400
350
400
350
400
400
350
400
350
400
400
350
350
350
350
(mA dc)
Tube
Drop
Voltage
Typ.
(V dc)
300±30
80
Anode
Current
Output Stability
Drift
Fluctuation
(p-p)
Max.
Max.
(%/ h)
(%)
±0.3
0.05
Filament Ratings
Warm-up
Current
Voltage C
Time
Typ.
Min.
(V dc, ac)
(A dc, ac)
(s)
4
2.5±0.25
20
5
3.0±0.3
2.5±0.25
3.0±0.3
80
10±1
±0.3
300±30
Operating
Current
Voltage
Typ.
(V dc)
(A dc)
1.8
1.0±0.1
0 to 1
0 to1.8
1.0±0.1
1.8
1.7±0.2
3.3
0 to 1
0 to1.8
4
5
F
2.5 to 6.0
0.3 to 0.6
0.8
20
0.05
1
10±1
1.2
7.0±0.5
12 to 15
0.5 to 0.55
0
0
2.5±0.25
10±1
4
0.8
1.0±0.1
2.5 to 6.0 F
1.8
0.3 to 0.6
G
85
80
—
—
G
Guaranteed
Life D
Conventional
Lamps E
Type.
No.
(h)
L613,L613-04
L3382-01
—
L613,L613-04
L1636
—
L1729
L3381-01
L3382-01
—
L591
2000
L2196
—
L1626
L2541
L2526
L4505
L4505-50
L4510
L4510-50
L879-01
H
2000
L879
4000
L6565
L6566
L6301
L6302
L7298
L6303
L6304
L6305
L6306
L6307
L6308
L7296
L7296-50
L7295
L6309
L6310
L6311
L6311-50
L6312
L6312-50
L7293
L7292
SEE-THROUGH TYPE
Series
Type.
No.
Dimensional
outline
L2-2000
L6999
L6999-50
L7307
L7174
L7306
r
!0
r
!0
r
(nm)
UV glass
185 to 400
Aperture
Diameter
(mm)
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
Required Discharge Starting
Voltage
Min.
(V dc)
400
400
350
350
350
Anode
Current
(mA dc)
300±30
Tube
Drop
Voltage
Typ.
(V dc)
80
NOTE ALamps with an aperture of 0.5 mm diameter are high brightness types. These lamps provide 1.6 times higher brightness than standard lamps with an aperture of 1.0 mm diameter. (Refer to page 8.)
BA trigger voltage higher than this value is required to start lamp discharge. For reliable lighting, an application of 500 V to 600 V is recommended. The maximum rated voltage that can be applied is 650 V.
CThe heater current during warming-up period is so high that the enough voltage may not be supplied to the lamp in case the cable between the lamp and the power supply is long because
of voltage drop at the cable. The power supply for the heater should be designed so as to supply specified voltage at the lamp terminal.
DThe lamp life end is defined as the point when the light output falls to 50 % of its initial value or when output fluctuation (p-p) exceeds 0.05 %.
EL2D2 lamp does not always have a direct replacement for conventional type from its dimensional outline point of view. Please refer to page 5 and 6. Please consult with our sales offices
for further details.
3
Output Stability
Fluctuation
Drift
(p-p)
Max.
Max.
(%)
(%/ h)
±0.3
0.05
Voltage
(V dc, ac)
2.5±0.25
Filament Ratings
Warm-up
Operating
Current
Time
Current
Voltage
Max.
Min.
Max.
(A dc, ac)
(s)
(V dc)
(A dc)
4
20
1.0±0.1
1.8
1.7±0.2
3.3
Guaranteed
Life D
Conventional
Lamps E
Type.
No.
(h)
2000
—
—
L1887
—
L1886
L6999
L6999-50
L7307
L7174
L7306
NOTE FRecommended operating voltage is 3.5 V ± 0.5 V.
GIn these lamps, discharge current is allowed to flow into the filament during operation so that cathode temperature is maintained at an optimum level. So there is no need for input of external
power to keep the filament heated.
HAverage operating life : Operating life depends on environmental conditions (vacuum atmosphere). It is recommended that these lamps be used in an oil-free environment.
*We recommend using Hamamatsu deuterium lamp power supplies in order to obtain the full performance from our lamps (Refer to page 7 and 9).
4
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
DIMENSIONAL OUTLINES
(Unit : mm)
-0.1
22.0+0
+0.15
3+0.05
52.0±0.5
6±1
23±0.1 23±0.1
+0.038
3+0.020
LIGHT OUTPUT
160±5
14±1
5
15
+0.038
3+0.020
ARC POINT
2- 3.3
37.0±0.1
15±0.5
120±5
160±5
200±5
42.0±0.1
ARC
POINT
68±2
2- 3.3
60±2
6±1
68±2
15.0±0.5
42±2
42±2
68±2
80±2
42±2
22.0±0.1 22.0±0.1
5.0±0.5
30±1
ARC
POINT
ARC POINT
30±1
50±1
23.0±0.05
ARC
POINT
35.0-0.1
6±1
30±1
6±1
6±1
ARC POINT
120±5
o L6311-50, L6312-50
-0.05
30±1
50±1
68±2
42±2
ARC POINT
i L7296-50
u L7292, L7293
160±5
6±1
30±1
28±1
e L6307, L6308, L6309, L6310
15 22.0±0.1
w L6305, L6306, L6566
q L6301, L6302, L6565
LIGHT OUTPUT
TLSOA0018ED
TLSOA0041EC
6
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT.GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
TLSOA0011EC
20
CONNECTION
FILAMENT : BLUE
FILAMENT : BLUE
ANODE
: RED
20
7
6
7
7
L7292
6
TLSOA0040EB
20
20
6
6
CONNECTION
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT • GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
CONNECTION
7
7
7
CONNECTION
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT.GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
20
CONNECTION
FILAMENT : BLUE
FILAMENT : BLUE
ANODE
: RED
20
CONNECTION
FILAMENT : BLUE
FILAMENT : BLUE
ANODE
: RED
6
TLSOA0050EA
TLSOA0075EA
L7293
FILAMENT
FILAMENT
ANODE
t L6311, L6312
y L7295, L7296, L7298
-0.05
6±1
6
TLSOA0020EC
6
TLSOA0039ED
6±1
22.0+0
-0.1
68±2
120±5
6
40°
1.0
ANODE
CERAMIC
ELECTRODE
(REAR PIECE)
ARC
POINT
20
LIGHT OUTPUT
ARC
POINT
SCREW PORTION
CERAMIC
ELECTRODE
(CENTER PIECE)
APERTURE
1VACUUM SIDE FLANGE
2TIGHTENING SXREW
3STORRER
4ORING (JIS B2401)
CALL No. V15
15 mm I.D.
4 mm WIDTH
5SPACER
aMgF2 WINDOW
bGRADED SEAL
CATHODE
0.5 or 1.0
LIGHT OUTPUT
7
7
20
CONNECTION
FILAMENT : BLUE
FILAMENT : BLUE
ANODE
: RED
1
2
3
4
5
a
b
+0.15
3+0.05
160±5
160±5
20
CONNECTION
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT · GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
7
CONNECTION
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT • GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
37.0±0.1
2- 3.3
15
5
FILAMENT
: BLUE
FILAMENT · GND : BLACK
ANODE
: RED
7
L6303/L6304/L7306
50±1
22.0±0.1 22.0±0.1
68±2
42±2
60±2
42±2
160±5
20
CONNECTION
Cross section of see-through type
35.0-0.1
ARC
POINT
ARC POINT
ARC POINT
ARC POINT
14±1
28±1
15.0±0.5
6±1
42±2
68±2
30±1
6±1
30±1
28±1
L7292, L7293 mounting example
on the vacuum system
!0 L6999-50, L7174
0.5
r L6303, L6304, L6999
L7306, L7307
: BLUE
: BLUE
: RED
6
TLSOA0017ED
TLSOA0051EA
TLSOC0010EA
TLSOA0052EA
L6999/L7307
FILAMENT
FILAMENT
ANODE
5
: BLUE
: BLUE
: RED
6
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Extremely high stability of intensity is required for deuterium lamps because of their applications.
Therefore, use of a power supply designed to drive the lamps with stable operation is recommended.
,
Hamamatsu s power supply for deuterium lamps uses a constant-current circuit in the main power supply section and
a constant-voltage circuit in the filament power supply section to assure a reliable operation.
Hamamatsu offers not only OEM power supplies specially designed for your applications, as well as the following
types according to the operation mode of various lamps.
Spectral Distribution
Light Distribution
Deuterium lamps emit high intensity light in the UV range at wavelengths
shorter than 400 nm. Light intensity on the short wavelength side is determined by the window material used.
Figure 1: Spectral Distribution
RADIANT INTENSITY (µW/cm2 •nm at 30 cm)
TLSOB0024ED
SPECIFICATIONS
C1518
C7860
Switching Type
(AC) 90 to 115/180 to 250
(AC) 100/118/230 ±10 %
Input Voltage
(Automatic)
Input
60
100
Input Wattage
With Load
(DC) 80
(DC) 80
Output Voltage
Without Load
(DC) 160
(DC) 160
300
300
Output Current
Anode
600 ± 50
600 ± 50
Trigger Voltage
0.5
0.1
Fluctuation (p-p)
Output
±0.1
±0.1
Drift
See below
See below
Output Voltage
Heater Output Current
See below
See below
25
20
Warm-up Time
0 to +40
0 to +40
Ambient Temperature
Not required
Not required
Cooling
113 × 122 × 220
200 × 107 × 240
Dimensions (W × H × D)
2.7
6.7
Weight
—
—
Certification
Dropper Type
M7628
Unit
Switching Type
—
(DC) 24 ± 2.4
V
48
(DC) 80
(DC) 160
300
600 ± 50
0.5
±0.1
See below
See below
25
0 to +40
20 CMF of forced air
100 × 118 × 36.2
0.17
UL/CE
VA Max.
V Typ.
V Typ.
mA
V peak
% Max.
%/h Max.
—
—
s Typ.
°C
—
mm
kg
—
SYNTHETIC SILICA
(PROJECTING TYPE, 1 mm THICK)
0.1
UV GLASS
0.05
Figure 3: External View
Non-projecting type
0.01
160
200
240
280
320
360
Window Material
The following 4 types of window material are available for deuterium lamps.
(1) UV glass
(2) Synthetic silica
(3) MgF2
Figure 2 shows the transmittance of various window materials.
UV light at wavelengths shorter than 190 nm attenuates greatly due to its
absorption by oxygen. To obtain the fullest performance in window transmittance, it is recommended that the inside of the equipment be filled with
nitrogen or vacuum-evacuated to eliminate this absorption effect.
Figure 2: Typical Transmittance of Various Window Materials
C1518 (10 V)
C1518 (SQ2.5 V)
C1518 (SQ10 V)
C7860/M7628-2510
A
C7860/M7628-2517
C7860/M7628-3000 A
C7860/M7628-1035 A
C7860/M7628-1070
C7860/M7628-1555 A
4
1.0 ± 0.1
1.8
10 ± 1
2.5 ± 0.2
10 ± 1
0.8
4
1.2
3.5 ± 0.5
1.7 ± 0.2
7.0 ± 0.5
0.3
3.3
1
2.5 ± 0.15
4
1 ± 0.05
1.8
2.5 ± 0.15
3 ± 0.15
10 ± 0.5
10 ± 0.5
15 ± 0.75
4
5
0.8
1.2
0.5
1.7 ± 0.1
0
3.5 ± 0.2
7 ± 0.35
5.5 ± 0.3
3.3
0
0.3
1
0.3
Non-projecting type
30°
Applicable Lamps
L6565, L7293, L6999, L6999-50
L7307, L7174, L6301, L6302
L6307, L6308, L7292
L7298, L6303, L6304, L7306
L7296, L7295, L6309, L6310, L7296-50
L6565, L7293, L6999, L6999-50
L7307, L7174, L6301, L6302
L7298, L6303, L6304, L7306
L6566, L6305, L6306
L6307, L6308, L7292
L7296, L7295, L6309, L6310, L7296-50
L6311, L6311-50, L6312, L6312-50
NOTE A C7860 series are manufactured only when the order is placed.
* Characteristics are measured at 23±1 °C after 30 min of warming up.
30°
30°
15°
15°
0
0
15°
15°
20°
10°
0
10°
30°
30°
30°
TLSOB0020EA
TLSOB0077EA
80
Arc Distribution
60
MgF2
SYNTHETIC SILICA
40
UV GLASS
20
100
150
200
250
300
350
Arc intensity is determined by the aperture (light exit) size. Figure 5
shows typical spectral distributions for lamps with different aperture sizes.
At the same input current and voltage, lamps with an aperture of 0.5 mm
diameter (high brightness type) provide 1.6 times higher brightness than
lamps with an aperture of 1.0 mm diameter (standard type). The half
width of spectral distribution also becomes narrower with a reduced aperture size. When higher intensity is required or the object to be irradiated
is very small, the high brightness type is recommended.
WAVELENGTH (nm)
●UV glass
Figure 5: Arc Distribution
UV glass has a higher ultraviolet transmittance than normal optical glass
(borosilicate glass). It has the longest cut off wavelength of 185 nm among
the four types. However the generation of ozone is lower than other window material types, it is not necessary to have special anti-ozone treatments.
Synthetic silica is obtained by fusing a silica crystal that is artificially
grown. Although its cut off wavelength is 160 nm, it contains less impurities than fused silica, and transmittance at 200 nm has been improved by
approx. 50 %.
●MgF2
MgF2 is a crystallized form of alkali metal halide that has an excellent
ultraviolet transmittance, a low deliquescence and is used as window
material for vacuum ultraviolet applications. Its cut off wavelength is 115
nm.
APERTURE: 0.5 mm
APERTURE: 1.0 mm
(High Brightness Version)
(Standard Version)
0.5 mm
●Synthetic silica
TLSOF0068
Long-nose
Projecting type
Projecting type
TLSOB0021EA
TRANSMITTANCE (%)
2.5 ± 0.2
C1518 (2.5 V)
Operation
Voltage (V dc) Current (A dc typ.)
TLSOF0139
Figure 4: Directivity (Light Distribution)
20°
TLSOB0038EC
100
Warm-up
Voltage (V dc) Current (A dc typ.)
Long-nose projecting type
WAVELENGTH (nm)
HEATER VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
Type No.
Projecting type
400
Y
INTENSITY
Parameter
Control Methode
0.5
The non-projecting type uses the side of the cylindrical glass bulb as the
emission window, whilst the projecting type uses a plane glass attached
to a projection on the bulb.
The projecting type has a uniformed transmittance due to the plane glass.
Since the window is located far from the discharge position, the amount
of dirt produced by spattering from the electrodes is reduced resulting in
low deterioration of light output. The non-projecting type requires less
space and has a wider directivity since there is no projection, enabling
effective use of emitted light. The long-nose projecting type uses an
MgF2 window and is suitable for vacuum ultraviolet applications. This
type is used with the tip of the nose inserted into the vacuum equipment.
1.0 mm
APERTURE
X
Y
APERTURE
X
INTENSITY
POWER SUPPLY
TLSOF0150
TLSOF0150
TLSOB0049EB
7
C1518
C7860
M7628
8
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Construction
Discharging the L2D2 Lamps
Figure 6 shows the external view and internal construction of a deuterium
lamp. The anode has a unique structure covered with ceramic to prevent
abnormal discharge, and the cathode has a highly durable electrode.
Since a deuterium lamp uses the positive column flash of arc discharge,
the cathode is shifted sideways and an aperture is located immediately in
front of the anode so that high intensity is obtained. The aperture plate
placed between anode and cathode may be used as an auxiliary electrode for lamps designed for low voltage lighting.
Figure 6: External View and Electrode Construction
External view
OPERATING TEMPERATURE
Construction
ELECTRODE
CERAMIC ELECTRODE
(REAR PIECE)
ANODE
APERTURE
CERAMIC ELECTRODE
(CENTER PIECE)
CATHODE
BULB
LEAD WIRE
BULB
LIGHT OUTPUT
TLSOC0030EA
Terminology
1Solarization
Transmittance of UV glass and fused silica drops when they are used
over a long period. This is caused by a drop in transparency of the
glass resulting from dirt on the glass and the influences of ultraviolet
rays. In the worst case, the glass becomes cloudy and its life is shortened. This is called solarization, and transmittance drops, particularly
in short wavelength region. This phenomenon is hardly ever seen with
synthetic silica.
In deuterium lamps, an aperture electrode is placed between cathode and
anode to compress the discharge, so that high light intensity is obtained. This
required, a high voltage trigger discharge across cathode and anode.
In general, a typical power supply for deuterium lamps consists of the following three power supplies.
● Constant current power supply of 300 mA
(open voltage about 150 V)
● Trigger power supply of 500 to 600 V peak
● Power supply for the heater (about 10 W)
However, in view of the need for cost reduction, safety and downsizing, lamp
manufactures are evaluating methods that eliminate the trigger power supply. One of these is the use of an auxiliary electrode. In this approach, the
electrical energy from a constant current power supply of 150 V/300 mA
(main power supply) is stored in a trigger capacitor and then is discharged
between lamp shield box and cathode. This generates ions and momentarily
reduces the impedance between anode and cathode, leading to the main discharge. However, because this trigger discharge occurs only at a restricted
point near the cathode, it is a less reliable triggering method.
In the L2D2 lamp, ceramic insulators are used as part of the electrode support, so that the aperture potential is isolated from the shield box potential.
Since this aperture electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode, the trigger discharge can be guided to the aperture, allowing operation at a voltage 40 to
50 V lower than that of a conventional lamp. This also results in higher reliability of the triggering operation. Thus, the greatest advantage of the auxiliary electrode is that no trigger power supply is necessary. The circuit shown
on the below, resulting both a cost reduction and downsizing of the power
supply.
Figure 7: Example Circuit Diagram
•Auxiliary electrode operation
(1) Drift
Drift refers to variation of output over a long period caused as a
result of the change in thermoelectron discharge characteristic of
the cathode, change in gas pressure or dirt on the window. It is
expressed in variation per hour. In the case of deuterium lamps, it
takes 10 to 15 minutes until the inside of the lamp reaches thermal
equilibrium after start of discharge, so a warm-up period of 20 to 30
minutes is required.
(2) Fluctuation
Fluctuation refers to variation of output caused by deterioration of
the cathode or fluctuation of discharge position. Light output fluctuates approx. 0.05 % at intervals between a few minutes and a few
hours. In addition, the position of the arc point also fluctuates.
4Life
(1)Fluctuation of light output
Life is determined by the point at which fluctuation combining
fluctuation and shift exceeds 0.05 %p-p.
(2)Drop of light output
Life is determined by the point at which the total emitted energy
drops to 50 % of the initial level. As described earlier, decrease in
light output is caused mainly by solarization and dirt inside the
window. The life specified is 2000 hours for L2-2000 series, and
4000 hours for L2-4000 series.
9
Table1: Allowable Operating Temperature Range for
Deuterium Lamps
Lamp Type
TRIGGER
SWITCH
R
(<3 kΩ)
ANODE
DEUTERIUM
LAMP
300mA
CONSTANTCURRENT
POWER SUPPLY
(150 to 160 V dc)
L2D2 Lamp
All Cathode type
Ambient temperature: Ta
+10 °C to +50 °C
(+20 °C to +30 °C)*
Bulb wall temperature: Tb
+245 °C to +280 °C
Maximum allowable bulb
wall temperature: Tb Max.
+290 °C Max.
RT
(5 kΩ)
When the cathode is sufficiently heated and ready for arc discharge, a
pulse trigger voltage is applied between anode and cathode, and discharge starts. The discharge starting voltage of 30 W deuterium lamps
is approx. 350 V (400 V max.). However, since the discharge starting
voltage rises according to the prolongation of operation time, it is recommended that a voltage of approx. 500 V be applied to assure discharge. (The maximum applied voltage for trigger is 650 V.) The discharge starting voltage varies depending on the trigger method and
trigger constant.
Precautions When Using Deuterium Lamps
To obtain high stability and long operating life, adequate care must be paid to operating conditions including the operating temperature of the lamp.
Although the lamp,s bulb wall temperature (Tb) rises
as the ambient temperature (Ta) rises, the bulb wall
temperature of conventional deuterium lamps normally rises to approx. +200 °C (direct-heated cathode
type) to 240 °C (SQ cathode type) when the ambient
temperature is +25 °C. Moreover, the bulb wall temperature of the L2D2 lamps rises even further by +50
°C reaching +280 °C due to the way in which the electrode is constructed. (Bulb wall temperature (Tb) also
differs depending on the lamp type and heater voltage
as well as lamp housing.) Although the operating temperature of Hamamatsu L2D2 lamps has been
designed based on lamps operated under normal temperature, the temperature range given in the table
below is recommended as the allowable operating
temperature range enabling the use of the lamps over
a long period of time with high stability.
Cathode Type
2Discharge starting voltage
3Output stability
Optimum Operating Temperature
CATHODE
CT
(>0.1 µF)
HEATER
POWER SUPPLY
*Temperature enclosed by ( ) indicates the optimum ambient
temperature.
TLSOC0019EB
Tb
•Conventional circuit
PRECAUTION AND WARRANTY
1. Deuterium lamps emit ultraviolet rays which can be
harmful to your eyes and skin. Never look directly at
the emitted lights, nor should you allow it to come
into contact with your skin. Always wear protective
goggles and clothing when operating the lamps.
2. Since the bulb wall reaches a very high temperature (over +200 °C) when the lamp is on, do not
touch it with bare hands or bring flammable objects
near it.
3. Do not exert mechanical vibration or shock on the
lamp, otherwise the stability will deteriorate.
4. Silica glass graded sealing.
In the case of bulbs using silica glass, the window
is formed by connecting different glass sections having slightly different expansion rates. Since the
mechanical strength of these seams is low, the bulb
fixing method should be so arranged that no force
is exerted on these seams during fixing or operation.
5. Before turning on the lamp, wipe the bulb and window gently with alcohol or acetone. Dirt on the window will cause deterioration of the UV transmission,
so always wear gloves when handling the lamp.
6. High voltage is used to operate the lamp. Use
extreme caution to prevent electric shocks.
Warranty
The warranty period will be one year after our shipment to original purchaser or guaranteed life time
whichever comes first. The warranty is limited to
replacement of the faulty lamp. Faults resulting from
natural disasters and incorrect usage will also be
excluded from warranty.
Ta
TRIGGER
SWITCH
Ta: Temperature measured at
a position 2.5 cm (1 inch)
away from the bulb wall
RT
(1 to5 kΩ)
TRIGGER
POWER
SUPPLY
(500 to
600 V dc)
CT
(0.2 to 0.5 µF)
Tb: Temperature on the bulb
wall (cathode side)
ANODE
300mA
CONSTANTCURRENT
POWER SUPPLY
(150 to 160 V dc)
DEUTERIUM
LAMP
2.5 cm
(1inch)
CATHODE
HEATER
POWER SUPPLY
TLSOC0020EB
When the L2D2 lamp series with an aperture size of 0.5 mm diameter will
be operated by the circuit as shown above, it is recommended to employ
CR constant as RT=1 kΩ and CT=0.5 µF to obtain the reliable lamp
ignition.
As the ambient temperature (Ta) rises, cathode temperature increases, resulting in evaporation of the
cathode. If the ambient temperature (Ta) drops, the
gas pressure inside the bulb is reduced increasing the
kinetic energy of the gas and ions causing sputtering
of the cathodes thermionic coating. In both cases, the
gas inside the bulb is rapidly consumed. This deteriorates the stability and intensity. Thereby drastically
shortening the operating life.
For stable operation of deuterium lamps, care should
be paid to the installation of the lamps so that the bulb
wall temperature (Tb) does not exceed +290 °C.
10
L2D2 Lamps (Deuterium Lamps )
Related Products
Water-Cooled 150W VUV Deuterium Lamps
These water-cooled 150W lamps provide a radiant output 3 to 4
times higher than 30W lamps and are chiefly used as excitation
light sources. Two window materials, synthetic silica(L1314) and
MgF2(L1835) are available.
The MgF2 window type is widely used as a VUV light source in
photo CVD, solar simulator(in space) and other VUV applications. A
vacuum flange E3444 series are provided as an option allowing
simple connection to a vacuum instrument.
TLSOF0140
Calibrated Deuterium Light Source L7820
The L7820 is the calibrated light source consisting of L2D2 featuring high stability and good repeatability, which are required for calibrated light source.
In order for anybody to achieve stable light, not only the lamp
design but also power supply and lamp housing design are
optimized. It delivers high stable light in the long and the short term
operation especially in the calibrated range of 250 nm to 400 nm.
The L7820 is suitable for quality control of light source, light detector and so on.
The certificate with JCSS logo mark is attached.
TLSXF0159
UV-VIS Fiber Light Source L7893 Series
This light source L7893 series incorporates a highly stable L2D2
lamp and a Tungsten lamp into a single compact housing with an
optical fiber light guide. The combination of these two lamps covers a wide spectral range from 200 nm to 1100 nm, yet offers highly
stable light output and long service life. This light source L7893 series is ideal for a compact analytical equipment such as miniature
grating units, portable spectrophotometers and reflection meters.
TLSXF0148
Lamp Housing E8039
This lamp housing was designed to allow easy operation of deuterium lamps such as L2D2 lamps and provide full lamp performance.
It accommodates a lamp with a flange so that no optical alignment
is required. The built-in interlock and forced-air cooling functions
ensure high safety. Collimating lenses and fiber guide adaptors are
also available as easy-to-replace options, which easily attach to the
light exit and allow obtaining the desired light beam.
For details, please refer to the catalogs which are available from our sales office.
CE Marking
This catalog contains products which are subject to CE Marking of European Union Directives. For further details, please consult Hamamatsu
sales office.
USA 6, PATENTS PENDING: JAPAN 7, USA 1, EUROPE 7
*PATENTS:
Information furnished by Hamamatsu is believed to be reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. Specifications are
*subject to change without notice. No patent rights are granted to any of the circuits described herein. ©2001 Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
WEB SITE URL http://www.hamamatsu.com
HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K., Electron Tube Center
314-5, Shimokanzo, Toyooka-village, Iwata-gun, Shizuoka-ken, 438-0193, Japan, Telephone: (81)539/62-5248, Fax: (81)539/62-2205
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Italy: Hamamatsu Photonics Italia: S.R.L.: Strada della Moia, 1/E, 20020 Arese, (Milano), Italy, Telephone: (39)02-935 81 733, Fax: (39)02-935 81 741 E-mail: [email protected]
TLSO1027E05
SEPT. 2002 IP (0106)
Printed in Japan (500)
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