FOD2712
Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Features
Description
■ Optocoupler, precision reference and error amplifier in
The FOD2712 Optically Isolated Amplifier consists of the
popular RC431A precision programmable shunt reference and an optocoupler. The optocoupler is a gallium
arsenide (GaAs) light emitting diode optically coupled to
a silicon phototransistor. The reference voltage tolerance is 1%. The current transfer ratio (CTR) ranges from
100% to 200%.
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
single package
1.240V ± 1% reference
CTR 100% to 200%
2,500V RMS isolation
VDE approval 136616
BSI approval 8661 and 8662
UL approval E90700
CSA approval 1113643
It is primarily intended for use as the error amplifier/
reference voltage/optocoupler function in isolated AC to
DC power supplies and dc/dc converters.
When using the FOD2712, power supply designers can
reduce the component count and save space in tightly
packaged designs. The tight tolerance reference eliminates the need for adjustments in many applications.
Applications
■ Power system for workstations
■ Telecom central office supply
■ Telecom bricks
The device comes in a compact 8-pin small outline
package.
Schematic
NC 1
Package Outline
8 LED
C 2
7 FB
E 3
6 COMP
NC 4
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
5 GND
www.fairchildsemi.com
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
December 2008
Pin Number
Pin Name
1
NC
2
C
Phototransistor Collector
3
E
Phototransistor Emitter
4
NC
5
GND
6
COMP
7
FB
8
LED
Functional Description
Not connected
Not connected
Ground
Error Amplifier Compensation. This pin is the output of the error amplifier.*
Voltage Feedback. This pin is the inverting input to the error amplifier
Anode LED. This pin is the input to the light emitting diode.
*The compensation network must be attached between pins 6 and 7.
Typical Application
V1
FAN4803
PWM
Control
VO
FOD2712
2
8
6
7
3
5
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
R1
R2
www.fairchildsemi.com
2
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Pin Definitions
Symbol
Parameter
Value
Units
TSTG
Storage Temperature
-55 to +125
°C
TOPR
Operating Temperature
-40 to +85
°C
VLED
Input Voltage
13.2
V
ILED
Input DC Current
20
mA
VCEO
Collector-Emitter Voltage
30
V
VECO
Emitter-Collector Voltage
7
V
Reflow Temperature Profile (refer to page 14)
Collector Current
50
mA
PD1
IC
Input Power Dissipation(1)
145
mW
PD2
Transistor Power Dissipation(2)
85
mW
145
mW
PD3
Total Power
Dissipation(3)
Notes:
1. Derate linearly from 25°C at a rate of 2.42mW/°C
2. Derate linearly from 25°C at a rate of 1.42mW/°C.
3. Derate linearly from 25°C at a rate of 2.42mW/°C.
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
3
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be
operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended.
In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability.
The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only.
Input Characteristics
Symbol
VF
VREF
Parameter
LED Forward Voltage
ILED = 10mA, VCOMP = VFB
(Fig.1)
Reference Voltage
-40°C to +85°C
25°C
VCOMP = VFB, ILED = 10mA
(Fig.1)
VREF (DEV) Deviation of VREF over temperature
See Note 1
∆VREF
∆VCOMP
Test Conditions
Min.
1.221
1.228
TA = -40 to +85°C
Ratio of Vref Variation to the Output of the ILED = 10 mA,
Error Amplifier
VCOMP = VREF to 12V
(Fig. 2)
Typ.
Max.
Unit
1.5
V
1.259
V
1.240
1.252
4
12
mV
-1.5
-2.7
mV/V
Feedback Input Current
ILED = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ
(Fig. 3)
0.15
0.5
µA
IREF (DEV)
Deviation of IREF Over Temperature
See Note 1
TA = -40 to +85°C
0.15
0.3
µA
ILED (MIN)
Minimum Drive Current
VCOMP = VFB (Fig.1)
55
80
µA
I(OFF)
Off-state Error Amplifier Current
VLED = 6V, VFB = 0 (Fig.4)
0.001
0.1
µA
|ZOUT|
Error Amplifier Output Impedance
See Note 2
VCOMP = VFB,
ILED = 0.1mA to 15mA,
f < 1kHZ
0.25
IREF
Ω
Notes:
1. The deviation parameters VREF(DEV) and IREF(DEV) are defined as the differences between the maximum and
minimum values obtained over the rated temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the
reference input voltage, ∆VREF, is defined as:
6
{ V REF ( DEV ) /V REF ( T A = 25°C ) } × 10
∆V REF ( ppm/°C ) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------∆T A
where ∆TA is the rated operating free-air temperature range of the device.
2. The dynamic impedance is defined as |ZOUT| = ∆VCOMP/∆ILED. When the device is operating with two external
resistors (see Figure 2), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by:
∆V
R1
Z OUT, TOT = -------- ≈ Z OUT × 1 + -------∆I
R2
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
4
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Electrical Characteristics (VCC = 12V, TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified)
Output Characteristics
Symbol
ICEO
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
50
nA
Collector Dark Current
VCE = 10V (Fig. 5)
BVCEO
Collector-Emitter Voltage
Breakdown
IC = 1.0mA
70
V
BVECO
Emitter-Collector Voltage
Breakdown
IE = 100µA
7
V
Transfer Characteristics
Symbol
CTR
VCE (SAT)
Parameter
Test Conditions
Current Transfer Ratio
ILED = 10mA, VCOMP = VFB,
VCE = 5V (Fig. 6)
Collector-Emitter
Saturation Voltage
ILED = 10mA, VCOMP = VFB,
IC = 2.5mA (Fig. 6)
Min.
Typ.
100
Max.
Unit
200
%
0.4
V
Max.
Unit
1.0
µA
Isolation Characteristics
Symbol
II-O
Parameter
Test Conditions
Input-Output Insulation
Leakage Current
RH = 45%, TA = 25°C, t = 5s,
VI-O = 3000 VDC (Note 1)
VISO
Withstand Insulation Voltage
RH ≤ 50%, TA = 25°C,
t = 1 min. (Note 1)
RI-O
Resistance (Input to Output)
VI-O = 500 VDC (Note 1)
Min.
Typ.
2500
Vrms
Ω
1012
Switching Characteristics
Symbol
BW
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Bandwidth
Fig. 7
10
kHz
CMH
Common Mode Transient
Immunity at Output HIGH
ILED = 0mA, Vcm = 10 VPP
RL = 2.2kΩ (Fig. 8) (Note 2)
1.0
kV/µs
CML
Common Mode Transient
Immunity at Output LOW
ILED = 10mA, Vcm = 10 VPP
RL = 2.2kΩ (Fig. 8) (Note 2)
1.0
kV/µs
Notes:
1. Device is considered as a two terminal device: Pins 1, 2, 3 and 4 are shorted together and Pins 5, 6, 7 and 8 are
shorted together.
2. Common mode transient immunity at output high is the maximum tolerable (positive) dVcm/dt on the leading edge
of the common mode impulse signal, Vcm, to assure that the output will remain high. Common mode transient
immunity at output low is the maximum tolerable (negative) dVcm/dt on the trailing edge of the common pulse
signal,Vcm, to assure that the output will remain low.
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
5
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Electrical Characteristics (VCC = 12V, TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified) (Continued)
I(LED)
I(LED)
8
8
2
2
VF
6
R1
3
V
7
V
6
3
7
VCOMP
R2
VREF
VREF
5
5
Figure 2. ∆VREF/∆VCOMP Test Circuit
Figure 1. VREF, VF, ILED (min) Test Circuit
I(LED)
I(OFF)
8
2
8
2
IREF
6
6
3
7
V
3
V(LED)
7
V
R1
5
5
Figure 4. I(OFF) Test Circuit
Figure 3. IREF Test Circuit
8
I(LED)
ICEO
8
2
VCE
6
I(C)
2
VCE
6
3
7
V
3
7
VCOMP
VREF
5
5
Figure 5. ICEO Test Circuit
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
Figure 6. CTR, VCE(sat) Test Circuit
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6
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Test Circuits
VCC = +5V DC
IF = 10 mA
RL
1
47Ω
8
1µf
VOUT
2
7
VIN
0.47V
0.1 VPP
3
6
4
5
Figure 7. Frequency Response Test Circuit
VCC = +5V DC
IF = 0 mA (A)
IF = 10 mA (B)
R1
2.2kΩ
VOUT
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
_
A B
VCM
+
10VP-P
Figure 8. CMH and CML Test Circuit
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
7
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Test Circuits (Continued)
Fig. 9a LED Current vs. Cathode Voltage
Fig. 9b LED Current vs. Cathode Voltage
10
150
TA = 25°C
VCOMP = VFB
ILED – SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
ILED – SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
15
5
0
-5
-10
120
TA = 25°C
VCOMP = VFB
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-15
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
-150
-1.0
1.5
-0.5
VCOMP – CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)
Fig. 10 Reference Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
1.0
1.5
350
IREF – REFERENCE CURRENT (nA)
ILED = 10mA
VREF – REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
0.5
Fig. 11 Reference Current vs. Ambient Temperature
1.254
1.248
1.242
1.236
1.230
-40
0.0
VCOMP – CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)
-20
0
20
40
60
300
250
200
150
100
50
-40
80
ILED = 10mA
R1 = 10kΩ
-20
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
20
40
60
80
100
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Fig. 12 Off Current vs. Ambient Temperature
I(OFF) – OFF CURRENT (nA)
100 VLED = 13.2V
VFB = 0
10
1
0.1
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
8
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Typical Performance Curves
Fig.13 LED Forward Current vs. Forward Voltage
Fig.14 Dark Current vs. Temperature
VCE = 10V
1000
ICEO – DARK CURRENT (nA)
ILED – FORWARD CURRENT (mA)
20
15
70°C
10
25°C
0°C
5
0
0.95
100
10
1
0.1
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
-40
-20
0
VF – FORWARD VOLTAGE (V)
Fig. 15 Collector Current vs. Ambient Temperature
(IC/IF) – CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO (%)
IC – COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA)
VCE = 5V
25
ILED = 20mA
20
ILED = 10mA
10
ILED = 5mA
5
ILED = 1mA
0
-40
-20
0
20
40
40
60
80
100
Fig. 16 Current Transfer Ratio vs. LED Current
30
15
20
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
60
80
100
160
VCE = 5V
140
120
100
0°C
80
25°C
70°C
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
ILED – FORWARD CURRENT (mA)
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Fig. 17 Saturation Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
VCE (sat) – SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
9
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Typical Performance Curves (Continued)
Fig. 19 Delta VREF/Delta VCOMP vs. Ambient Temperature
Fig. 18 Collector Current vs. Collector Voltage
1
TA = 25°C
40
DELTA VREF/DELTA VCOMP (mV/V)
IC – COLLECTOR CURRENT (mA)
45
35
ILED = 20 mA
30
25
20
ILED = 10 mA
15
10
ILED = 5 mA
5
0
-1
ILED = 1 mA
-2
-40
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
-20
VCE – COLLECTOR-EMITTER VOLTAGE (V)
0
20
40
60
80
100
TA – AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Fig. 20 Voltage Gain vs. Frequency
VOLTAGE GAIN, A(Vo/Vin) dB
0
100Ω
500Ω
-5
-10
-15
10
RL=1kΩ
100
1000
FREQUENCY kHz
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
10
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Typical Performance Curves (Continued)
Compensation
The FOD2712 is an optically isolated error amplifier. It
incorporates three of the most common elements necessary to make an isolated power supply, a reference voltage, an error amplifier, and an optocoupler. It is
functionally equivalent to the popular RC431A shunt
voltage regulator plus the CNY17F-3 optocoupler.
The compensation pin of the FOD2712 provides the
opportunity for the designer to design the frequency
response of the converter. A compensation network may
be placed between the COMP pin and the FB pin. In typical low-bandwidth systems, a 0.1µF capacitor may be
used. For converters with more stringent requirements, a
network should be designed based on measurements of
the system’s loop. An excellent reference for this process may be found in “Practical Design of Power
Supplies” by Ron Lenk, IEEE Press, 1998.
Powering the Secondary Side
The LED pin in the FOD2712 powers the secondary
side, and in particular provides the current to run the
LED. The actual structure of the FOD2712 dictates the
minimum voltage that can be applied to the LED pin: The
error amplifier output has a minimum of the reference
voltage, and the LED is in series with that. Minimum voltage applied to the LED pin is thus 1.24V + 1.5V = 2.74V.
This voltage can be generated either directly from the
output of the converter, or else from a slaved secondary
winding. The secondary winding will not affect regulation, as the input to the FB pin may still be taken from the
output winding.
Secondary Ground
The GND pin should be connected to the secondary
ground of the converter.
No Connect Pins
The NC pins have no internal connection. They should
not have any connection to the secondary side, as this
may compromise the isolation structure.
The LED pin needs to be fed through a current limiting
resistor. The value of the resistor sets the amount of
current through the LED, and thus must be carefully
selected in conjunction with the selection of the primary
side resistor.
Photo-Transistor
Feedback
The value of the pull-up resistor, and the current limiting
resistor feeding the LED, must be carefully selected to
account for voltage range accepted by the PWM IC, and
for the variation in current transfer ratio (CTR) of the
opto-isolator itself.
The Photo-transistor is the output of the FOD2712. In a
normal configuration the collector will be attached to a
pull-up resistor and the emitter grounded. There is no
base connection necessary.
Output voltage of a converter is determined by selecting
a resistor divider from the regulated output to the FB pin.
The FOD2712 attempts to regulate its FB pin to the reference voltage, 1.24V. The ratio of the two resistors
should thus be:
Example: The voltage feeding the LED pins is +12V, the
voltage feeding the collector pull-up is +10V, and the
PWM IC is the Fairchild KA1H0680, which has a 5V reference. If we select a 10KΩ resistor for the LED, the
maximum current the LED can see is:
R TOP
V OUT
------------------------- = -------------–1
R BOTTOM
V REF
The absolute value of the top resistor is set by the input
offset current of 0.8µA. To achieve 1% accuracy, the
resistance of RTOP should be:
(12V–2.74V) /10KΩ = 926µA.
The CTR of the opto-isolator is a minimum of 100%, and
so the minimum collector current of the photo-transistor
when the diode is full on is also 926µA. The collector
resistor must thus be such that:
V OUT – 1.24
------------------------------- > 80µA
R TOP
10V – 5V
----------------------------------- < 926µA or R COLLECTOR > 5.4KΩ;
R COLLECTOR
select 10KΩ to allow some margin.
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
11
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
The FOD2712
8-pin SOIC Surface Mount
8
0.164 (4.16)
0.144 (3.66)
SEATING PLANE
1
0.202 (5.13)
0.182 (4.63)
0.010 (0.25)
0.006 (0.16)
0.143 (3.63)
0.123 (3.13)
0.021 (0.53)
0.011 (0.28)
0.008 (0.20)
0.003 (0.08)
0.244 (6.19)
0.224 (5.69)
0.050 (1.27) Typ.
Lead Coplanarity: 0.004 (0.10) MAX
Recommended Pad Layout
0.024 (0.61)
0.060 (1.52)
0.275 (6.99)
0.155 (3.94)
0.050 (1.27)
Dimensions in inches (mm).
Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner
without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or
obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions,
specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products.
Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings:
http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
12
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Package Dimensions
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Ordering Information
Option
Order Entry Identifier
V
V
R1
R1
R1V
R1V
R2
R2
R2V
R2V
Description
VDE 0884
Tape and reel (500 units per reel)
VDE 0884, Tape and reel (500 units per reel)
Tape and reel (2500 units per reel)
VDE 0884, Tape and reel (2500 units per reel)
Marking Information
1
2712
V
X YY S
3
4
2
6
5
Definitions
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
1
Fairchild logo
2
Device number
3
VDE mark (Note: Only appears on parts ordered with VDE
option – See order entry table)
4
One digit year code, e.g., ‘3’
5
Two digit work week ranging from ‘01’ to ‘53’
6
Assembly package code
www.fairchildsemi.com
13
8.0 ± 0.10
2.0 ± 0.05
3.50 ± 0.20
Ø1.5 MIN
1.75 ± 0.10
4.0 ± 0.10
0.30 MAX
5.5 ± 0.05
8.3 ± 0.10
12.0 ± 0.3
5.20 ± 0.20
0.1 MAX
Ø1.5 ± 0.1
6.40 ± 0.20
User Direction of Feed
Dimensions in mm
Reflow Profile
300
260°C
280
260
>245°C = 42 Sec
240
220
200
180
°C
Time above
183°C = 90 Sec
160
140
120
1.822°C/Sec Ramp up rate
100
80
60
40
33 Sec
20
0
0
60
120
180
270
360
Time (s)
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
14
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
Carrier Tape Specifications
FOD2712 — Optically Isolated Error Amplifier
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Fairchild and our Authorized Distributors will stand behind all warranties and will appropriately address any warranty issues that may arise. Fairchild will not provide
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PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS
Definition of Terms
Datasheet Identification
Product Status
Advance Information
Formative / In Design
Preliminary
First Production
No Identification Needed
Full Production
Obsolete
Not In Production
Definition
Datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in
any manner without notice.
Datasheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data will be published at a later date. Fairchild
Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice to improve design.
Datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes
at any time without notice to improve the design.
Datasheet contains specifications on a product that is discontinued by Fairchild Semiconductor.
The datasheet is for reference information only.
Rev. I37
©2003 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FOD2712 Rev. 1.0.0
www.fairchildsemi.com
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