Renesas M37480M8-XXXSP 8-bit single-chip microcomputer 740 family / 7470 sery Datasheet

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Note : Mitsubishi Electric will continue the business operations of high frequency & optical devices
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Renesas Technology Corp.
Customer Support Dept.
April 1, 2003
MITSUBISHI 8-BIT SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER
740 FAMILY / 7470 SERIES
7480 Group
7481 Group
User’s Manual
Keep safety first in your circuit designs!
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation puts the maximum effort into making
semiconductor products better and more reliable, but there is always the
possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with semiconductors
may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage. Remember to give due
consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate
measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of
non-flammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap.
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Electric Corporation or a third party.
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or infringement of any third-party’s rights, originating in the use of any
product data, diagrams, charts or circuit application examples contained in
these materials.
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diagrams and charts, represent information on products at the time of
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Preface
This user’s manual of the Mitsubishi CMOS 8-bit
microcomputer 7480 Group and 7481 Group describes
the hardware specifications and applications in detail.
For software information, refer to SERIES 740
<SOFTWARE> USER’S MANUAL, and for
development support tools (assemblers, debuggers,
etc.) refer to the manual attached to each tool, as
well as data book DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT TOOLS
FOR MICROCOMPUTERS.
BEFORE USING THIS USER’S MANUAL
1. Manual Contents
This user’s manual consists of the following three chapters. Refer to the chapter appropriate to your conditions,
such as hardware design or software development.
●
CHAPTER 1 – HARDWARE
This chapter describes the features of the microcomputers, the operation of their peripherals, and
their electrical characteristics.
●
CHAPTER 2 – APPLICATIONS
This chapter describes usage of peripheral functions and application examples of the microcomputers,
focusing on the settings of the related registers.
●
CHAPTER 3 – APPENDICES
This chapter describes all the control register configurations, and the mask ROM confirmation forms
(mask ROM version), the ROM programming confirmation forms (one time PROM version), and the
mark specification forms to be submitted at the ordering.
2. Register Configurations
An example of control register configurations of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group and the description of
symbols used in them are explained below.
Contents immediately after system is released from reset (Note 1)
Bit
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
Bit attributes (Note 2)
CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address 00FB16]
b
0
Name
Function
Fix these bits to ‘0’
1
R
W
At reset
0
O
0
0
O
0
2
Stack page selection bit
(Note)
0 : Zero page
1 : 1 page
0
O
O
3
Watchdog timer L count
source selection bit
0 : f(XIN)/8
1 : f(XIN)/16
0
O
O
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
6
Clock division
ratio selection bit
0
O
O
7
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
0 : f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode)
1 : f(XIN)/8 (medium-speed mode)
Note: In the products whose RAM size is 192 bytes or less, set this bit to ‘0’.
indicates the bit which is not implemented.
Notes 1: Contents after system is released from reset
0: ‘0’ after system is released from reset
1: ‘1’ after system is released from reset
undefined: undefined after system is released from reset
2: Bit attributes
R (Read)
O: Read enabled
×: Read disabled
Undefined: Undefined at reading
0: ‘0’ at reading
1: ‘1’ at reading
W (Write)
O: Write enabled
×: Write disabled
0: Fixed to ‘0’
∗: This bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Table of contents
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE
1.1 Product Summary ................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.2 Group Expansion .................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.3 Performance Overviews ....................................................................................................... 1-6
1.4 Pinouts .....................................................................................................................................1-8
1.5 Pin Descriptions .................................................................................................................. 1-10
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams ............................................................................................... 1-12
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU) ........................................................................................ 1-15
1.7.1 Accumulator (A) ........................................................................................................... 1-16
1.7.2 Index Register X (X) ................................................................................................... 1-16
1.7.3 Index Register Y (Y) ................................................................................................... 1-16
1.7.4 Stack Pointer (S) ......................................................................................................... 1-16
1.7.5 Program Counter (PC) ................................................................................................ 1-18
1.7.6 Processor Status Register (PS) ................................................................................. 1-18
1.8 Access Area ......................................................................................................................... 1-20
1.8.1 Zero Page (Addresses ‘000016 ’ through ‘00FF16’) .................................................. 1-21
1.8.2 Special Page (Addresses ‘FF00 16’ through ‘FFFF 16’)............................................. 1-21
1.9 Memory Maps ....................................................................................................................... 1-22
1.10 Input/Output Pins .............................................................................................................. 1-26
1.10.1 Block Diagrams .......................................................................................................... 1-26
1.10.2 Registers Associated with I/O Pins ......................................................................... 1-30
1.10.3 I/O Ports ..................................................................................................................... 1-35
1.10.4 Termination of Unused Pins ..................................................................................... 1-38
1.10.5 Notes on Usage ......................................................................................................... 1-39
1.11 Interrupts ............................................................................................................................ 1-41
1.11.1 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................ 1-42
1.11.2 Registers Associated with Interrupt Control ........................................................... 1-43
1.11.3 Interrupt Sources ....................................................................................................... 1-47
1.11.4 Interrupt Sequence .................................................................................................... 1-49
1.11.5 Interrupt Control ......................................................................................................... 1-53
1.11.6 Setting of Interrupts ................................................................................................... 1-54
1.11.7 Notes on Usage ......................................................................................................... 1-56
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
i
Table of contents
1.12 Timer X and Timer Y ........................................................................................................ 1-57
1.12.1 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................ 1-57
1.12.2 Registers Associated with Timer X and Timer Y .................................................. 1-59
1.12.3 Basic Operations of Timer X and Timer Y ............................................................ 1-64
1.12.4 Timer Mode and Event Count Mode ....................................................................... 1-66
1.12.5 Pulse Output Mode .................................................................................................... 1-70
1.12.6 Pulse Period Measurement Mode ........................................................................... 1-74
1.12.7 Pulse Width Measurement Mode ............................................................................. 1-77
1.12.8 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode .......................................................... 1-80
1.12.9 Programmable One-Shot Output Mode ................................................................... 1-84
1.12.10 PWM Mode ............................................................................................................... 1-88
1.12.11 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-92
1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2 ........................................................................................................ 1-95
1.13.1 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................ 1-95
1.13.2 Registers Associated with Timer 1 and Timer 2 ................................................... 1-95
1.13.3 Basic Operations of Timer 1 and Timer 2 ............................................................. 1-98
1.13.4 Timer Mode ................................................................................................................ 1-99
1.13.5 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode ........................................................ 1-102
1.13.6 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-106
1.14 Serial I/O .......................................................................................................................... 1-107
1.14.1 Registers Associated with Serial I/O .................................................................... 1-107
1.14.2 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O ................................................................................ 1-114
1.14.3 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) ................................................................ 1-126
1.14.4 Bus Arbitration ......................................................................................................... 1-138
1.15 A-D Converter .................................................................................................................. 1-141
1.15.1 Block Diagram of A-D Converter ........................................................................... 1-141
1.15.2 Registers Associated with A-D Converter ............................................................ 1-142
1.15.3 Operations of A-D Converter ................................................................................. 1-144
1.15.4 Setting of A-D Conversion ...................................................................................... 1-146
1.15.5 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-147
1.16 Watchdog Timer .............................................................................................................. 1-149
1.16.1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer ....................................................................... 1-149
1.16.2 Registers Associated with Watchdog Timer ......................................................... 1-149
1.16.3 Operations of Watchdog Timer .............................................................................. 1-151
1.16.4 Setting of Watchdog Timer ..................................................................................... 1-153
1.16.5 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-153
1.17 Reset .................................................................................................................................. 1-154
1.17.1 Reset Operations ..................................................................................................... 1-155
1.17.2 Internal State at Reset ........................................................................................... 1-156
1.17.3 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-157
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
Table of contents
1.18 Oscillation Circuit ........................................................................................................... 1-158
1.18.1 Block Diagram of Clock Generator ....................................................................... 1-158
1.18.2 Register Associated with Oscillation Circuit ......................................................... 1-159
1.18.3 Oscillation Operations ............................................................................................. 1-160
1.18.4 Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time ................................................................... 1-161
1.18.5 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-161
1.19 Power Saving Function ................................................................................................. 1-162
1.19.1 Registers Associated with Power Saving ............................................................. 1-164
1.19.2 Stop Mode ................................................................................................................ 1-166
1.19.3 Wait Mode ................................................................................................................ 1-168
1.19.4 Setting of Valid/Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions ......................................... 1-169
1.19.5 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-170
1.20 Built-in PROM Version ................................................................................................... 1-171
1.20.1 EPROM Mode .......................................................................................................... 1-172
1.20.2 Pin Descriptions ....................................................................................................... 1-175
1.20.3 Reading, Programming and Erasing of Built-in PROM ....................................... 1-177
1.20.4 Notes on Usage ....................................................................................................... 1-178
1.21 Electrical Characteristics .............................................................................................. 1-180
1.21.1 Electrical Characteristics ......................................................................................... 1-180
1.21.2 Necessary Conditions for Timing and Switching Characteristics ......................1-190
1.21.3 Typical Characteristics of Power Source Current ............................................... 1-190
1.21.4 Typical Characteristics of Ports ............................................................................. 1-194
1.21.5 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion ........................................................... 1-196
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
iii
Table of contents
CHAPTER 2 APPLICATIONS
2.1 Input/Output Pins .................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y ............................................................................................................ 2-4
2.2.1 Application Example of Timer Mode ........................................................................... 2-4
2.2.2 Application Example of Event Count Mode................................................................ 2-6
2.2.3 Application Example of Pulse Output Mode ............................................................... 2-8
2.2.4 Application Example of Pulse Period Measurement Mode .................................... 2-10
2.2.5 Application Example of Pulse Width Measurement Mode ...................................... 2-12
2.2.6 Application Example of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode ................... 2-14
2.2.7 Application Example of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode............................ 2-16
2.2.8 Application Example of PWM Mode .......................................................................... 2-18
2.3 Serial I/O ............................................................................................................................... 2-20
2.3.1 Application Example of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Transmission ................... 2-20
2.3.2 Application Example of Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Reception ....... 2-22
2.3.3 Application Example of Bus Arbitration Interrupt ..................................................... 2-24
2.4 A-D Converter ...................................................................................................................... 2-29
2.4.1 Determination of A-D Conversion Values ................................................................. 2-29
2.4.2 Application of A-D Converter ..................................................................................... 2-30
2.5 Reset ...................................................................................................................................... 2-32
2.6 Oscillation Circuit ............................................................................................................... 2-33
2.6.1 Oscillation Circuit with Ceramic Resonator .............................................................. 2-33
2.6.2 External Clock Input to XIN ........................................................................................ 2-33
2.7 Power-Saving Function ...................................................................................................... 2-34
2.7.1 Application Example of Stop Mode ........................................................................... 2-34
2.7.2 Application Example of Wait Mode ........................................................................... 2-36
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise ...................................................................................... 2-38
2.8.1 Shortest Wiring Length ............................................................................................... 2-38
2.8.2 Connection of Bypass Capacitor across VSS Line and VCC Line ......................... 2-40
2.8.3 Connection of Bypass Capacitor across V SS Line and V REF Line ....................... 2-40
2.8.4 Wiring to Analog Input Pins ....................................................................................... 2-40
2.8.5 Consideration for Oscillator ........................................................................................ 2-41
2.8.6 Setup for I/O Ports ...................................................................................................... 2-42
2.8.7 Providing of Watchdog Timer Function by Software ............................................... 2-43
2.9 Notes on Programming ...................................................................................................... 2-44
2.9.1 Notes on Processor Status Register ......................................................................... 2-44
2.9.2 Notes Concerning Decimal Operation ....................................................................... 2-45
2.9.3 Notes on JMP Instruction ........................................................................................... 2-45
2.10 Differences between 7480 and 7481 Group, and 7477 and 7478 Group .............. 2-46
2.10.1 Functions Added to 7480 Group and 7481 Group ............................................... 2-46
2.10.2 Functions Revised from 7477 Group and 7478 Group ........................................ 2-47
2.11 Application Circuit Examples ......................................................................................... 2-48
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
Table of contents
CHAPTER 3 APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers .................................................................................................................. 3-2
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms ....................................................................................... 3-20
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms ........................................................................ 3-40
3.4 Mark Specification Forms ................................................................................................. 3-48
3.5 Package Outlines ................................................................................................................ 3-52
3.6 Machine instructions .......................................................................................................... 3-54
3.7 List of Instruction Codes .................................................................................................. 3-64
3.8 SFR Memory Map ................................................................................................................ 3-65
3.9 Pinouts .................................................................................................................................. 3-66
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
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List of Figures
List of Figures
CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE
Figure 1.2.1 ROM/RAM Expansion Plan of 7480 Group and 7481 Group (As of September 1997) ............. 1-4
Figure 1.4.1 Pinout of 7480 Group (top view) ........................................................................... 1-8
Figure 1.4.2 Pinout of 7481 Group (top view) ........................................................................... 1-9
Figure 1.6.1 M37480Mx/E8-XXXSP/FP and M37480MxT/E8T-XXXSP/FP Functional Block Diagram ......... 1-12
Figure 1.6.2 M37481Mx/E8-XXXSP, M37481MxT/E8T-XXXSP and M37481E8SS Functional Block Diagram .. 1-13
Figure 1.6.3 M37481Mx/E8-XXXFP, M37481MxT/E8T-XXXFP Functional Block Diagram ...............................1-14
Figure 1.7.1 CPU Internal Registers ......................................................................................... 1-15
Figure 1.7.2 Operation for Pushing onto and Pulling from Stack ......................................... 1-17
Figure 1.8.1 Access Area ........................................................................................................... 1-20
Figure 1.9.1 Memory Maps of 7480 Group and 7481 Group ................................................ 1-23
Figure 1.9.2 Memory Map of SFR Area ................................................................................... 1-24
Figure 1.9.3 Memory Map of Interrupt Vector Area ................................................................ 1-25
Figure 1.10.1 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P0i and P10 –P13 .......................................................... 1-27
Figure 1.10.2 Block Diagram of Port Pins P1 4–P1 7 ............................................................................... 1-28
Figure 1.10.3 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P2i to P5i .......................................................................... 1-29
Figure 1.10.4 Memory Map of Registers Associated with I/O Pins ...................................... 1-30
Figure 1.10.5 Port Pi Registers (i = 0 to 5) ............................................................................ 1-31
Figure 1.10.6 Port Pi Direction Registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5) ...................................................... 1-32
Figure 1.10.7 Port P0 Pull-up Control Register ....................................................................... 1-33
Figure 1.10.8 Port P1 Pull-up Control Register ....................................................................... 1-33
Figure 1.10.9 Port P4P5 Input Control Register ..................................................................... 1-34
Figure 1.10.10 Write and Read of I/O Port Pin ...................................................................... 1-35
Figure 1.10.11 Port P4 and P5 Circuit ..................................................................................... 1-37
Figure 1.11.1 Block Diagram of Interrupt Inputs and Key-On Wakeup Circuit ................... 1-42
Figure 1.11.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Interrupt Control ........................ 1-43
Figure 1.11.3 Edge Polarity Selection Register ....................................................................... 1-44
Figure 1.11.4 Interrupt Request Register 1 ............................................................................. 1-45
Figure 1.11.5 Interrupt Request Register 2 ............................................................................. 1-45
Figure 1.11.6 Interrupt Control Register 1 ............................................................................... 1-46
Figure 1.11.7 Interrupt Control Register 2 ............................................................................... 1-46
Figure 1.11.8 Operation When Interrupt Request is Accepted .............................................. 1-50
Figure 1.11.9 Processing Time from Interrupt Generation until Execution of Interrupt Service Routine .... 1-51
Figure 1.11.10 Timing at Interrupt Acceptance ....................................................................... 1-51
Figure 1.11.11 Interrupt Control Diagram ................................................................................. 1-53
Figure 1.11.12 Setting of Interrupts (1) .................................................................................... 1-54
Figure 1.11.13 Setting of Interrupts (2) .................................................................................... 1-55
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
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List of Figures
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1.12.1 Block Diagram of Timer X and Timer Y .......................................................... 1-58
1.12.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Timer X and Timer Y ............... 1-59
1.12.3 Timer X ................................................................................................................. 1-60
1.12.4 Timer Y ................................................................................................................. 1-61
1.12.5 Timer X Mode Register ...................................................................................... 1-62
1.12.6 Timer Y Mode Register ...................................................................................... 1-63
1.12.7 Timer XY Control Register ............................................................................... 1-63
1.12.8 Operation Example in Timer Mode and Event Count Mode ......................... 1-67
1.12.9 Setting of Timer Mode and Event Count Mode (1) ........................................ 1-68
1.12.10 Setting of Timer Mode and Event Count Mode (2) ...................................... 1-69
1.12.11 Operation Example in Pulse Output Mode .................................................... 1-71
1.12.12 Setting of Pulse Output Mode (1) ................................................................... 1-72
1.12.13 Setting of Pulse Output Mode (2) ................................................................... 1-73
1.12.14 Operation Example in Pulse Period Measurement Mode ............................ 1-75
1.12.15 Setting of Pulse Period Measurement Mode ................................................. 1-76
1.12.16 Operation Example in Pulse Width Measurement Mode ............................. 1-78
1.12.17 Setting of Pulse Width Measurement Mode .................................................. 1-79
1.12.18 Operation Example in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode ...........1-81
1.12.19 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (1) .......................... 1-82
1.12.20 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (2) ........................ 1-83
1.12.21 Operation Example in Programmable One-Shot Output Mode ................... 1-85
1.12.22 Setting of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode (1) .................................. 1-86
1.12.23 Setting of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode (2) .................................. 1-87
1.12.24 Operation Example in PWM Mode .................................................................. 1-89
1.12.25 Setting of PWM Mode (1) ................................................................................ 1-90
1.12.26 Setting of PWM Mode (2) ................................................................................ 1-91
1.12.27 Operation in Timer X or Timer Y at Writes ................................................... 1-92
1.12.28 Operation in Timer X or Timer Y at Reads ................................................... 1-93
1.13.1 Block Diagram of Timer 1 and Timer 2 ........................................................... 1-95
1.13.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Timer 1 and Timer 2 ................ 1-95
1.13.3 Timer 1 ................................................................................................................. 1-96
1.13.4 Timer 2 ................................................................................................................. 1-96
1.13.5 Timer 1 Mode Register ....................................................................................... 1-97
1.13.6 Timer 2 Mode Register ....................................................................................... 1-97
1.13.7 Operations in Timer Mode ............................................................................... 1-100
1.13.8 Setting of Timer Mode ...................................................................................... 1-101
1.13.9 Operations in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode ......................... 1-103
1.13.10 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (1) ........................1-104
1.13.11 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (2) ........................1-105
1.13.12 Operations in Timer 1 and Timer 2 at Reads ............................................. 1-106
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
List of Figures
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1.14.1 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Serial I/O.................................. 1-107
1.14.2 Transmit/Receive Buffer Register .................................................................... 1-108
1.14.3 Serial I/O Status Register ................................................................................ 1-109
1.14.4 Serial I/O Control Register ............................................................................... 1-111
1.14.5 UART Control Register ..................................................................................... 1-112
1.14.6 Baud Rate Generator ........................................................................................ 1-113
1.14.7 Bus Collision Detection Control Register ....................................................... 1-113
1.14.8 Block Diagram of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O .......................................... 1-116
1.14.9 Transmit Operation of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O .................................. 1-118
1.14.10 Transmit Timing of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O ...................................... 1-118
1.14.11 Receive Operation of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O ................................. 1-120
1.14.12 Receive Timing of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O ....................................... 1-120
1.14.13 Setting of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O (1) ............................................... 1-121
1.14.14 Setting of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O (2) ............................................... 1-122
1.14.15 Data Transfer Formats in UART ................................................................... 1-128
1.14.16 Block Diagram of UART ................................................................................. 1-129
1.14.17 Transmit Operation of UART ......................................................................... 1-131
1.14.18 Transmit Timing example in UART ............................................................... 1-131
1.14.19 Receive Operation of UART .......................................................................... 1-133
1.14.20 Receive Timing Example in UART ............................................................... 1-133
1.14.21 Setting of UART (1) ........................................................................................ 1-134
1.14.22 Setting of UART (2) ........................................................................................ 1-135
1.14.23 Contention bus system communications ...................................................... 1-138
1.14.24 Block Diagram of Bus Arbitration Interrupt .................................................. 1-138
1.14.25 Timing of Bus Collision Detection ................................................................. 1-139
1.14.26 Setting of Bus Arbitration Interrupt ............................................................... 1-140
1.15.1 Block Diagram of A-D Converter..................................................................... 1-141
1.15.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with A-D Converter ......................... 1-142
1.15.3 A-D Control Register ......................................................................................... 1-142
1.15.4 A-D Conversion Register .................................................................................. 1-143
1.15.5 Change of A-D Conversion Register and Comparison Voltage during A-D Conversion..... 1-145
1.15.6 Setting of A-D Conversion ............................................................................... 1-146
1.15.7 Internal equivalent circuit of analog input circuit .......................................... 1-148
1.16.1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer ................................................................. 1-149
1.16.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Watchdog Timer ...................... 1-149
1.16.3 Watchdog Timer H ............................................................................................ 1-150
1.16.4 CPU Mode Register .......................................................................................... 1-150
1.16.5 Internal Processing Sequence during Reset by Watchdog Timer ............. 1-152
1.16.6 Setting of Watchdog Timer .............................................................................. 1-153
1.17.1 Internal Processing Sequence after Reset Release ..................................... 1-155
1.17.2 Internal State at Reset ..................................................................................... 1-156
1.18.1 Block Diagram of Clock Generator ................................................................. 1-158
1.18.2 Memory Map of Register Associated with Oscillation Circuit ...................... 1-159
1.18.3 CPU Mode Register .......................................................................................... 1-159
1.18.4 Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time at Power On ..................................... 1-161
1.19.1 Transitions from Power Saving Modes ........................................................... 1-163
1.19.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Power Saving .......................... 1-164
1.19.3 STP Instruction Operation Control Register .................................................. 1-164
1.19.4 Edge Polarity Selection Register ..................................................................... 1-165
1.19.5 Operation at Recovery from Stop Mode by Reset Input ............................. 1-166
1.19.6 Operation Example at Recovery from Stop Mode by INT0 Interrupt......... 1-167
1.19.7 Setting of Valid/Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions ................................... 1-169
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
iii
List of Figures
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
1.20.1 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7480 Group ........................................................ 1-172
1.20.2 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7481 Group (1) .................................................. 1-173
1.20.3 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7481 Group (2) .................................................. 1-174
1.20.4 Programming and Verification of One Time PROM Version .......................1-178
1.21.1 Timing Diagram ................................................................................................. 1-190
1.21.2 Measurement Circuit of Typical Power Source Current Characteristics ... 1-190
1.21.3 VCC–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in High-Speed Mode) ...... 1-191
1.21.4 VCC–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in Medium-Speed Mode) . 1-191
1.21.5 VCC–I CC Characteristics (in Wait Mode) ........................................................ 1-192
1.21.6 VCC –ICC Characteristic (in Stop Mode) .......................................................... 1-192
1.21.7 f(X IN)–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in High-Speed Mode) .... 1-193
1.21.8 f(X IN)–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in Medium-Speed Mode)1-193
1.21.9 Measurement Circuits of Typical Port Characteristics .................................. 1-194
1.21.10 VOH–IOH Characteristics on P-Channel Side of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output) 1-194
1.21.11 VOL–I OL Characteristics on N-Channel Side of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output) 1-195
1.21.12 VIL–I IL Characteristics of Pull-up Transistor of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output) 1-195
1.21.13 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion (1) ............................................ 1-197
1.21.14 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion (2) ............................................ 1-198
CHAPTER 2 APPLICATIONS
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
iv
2.1.1 External Circuit for Output Ports ........................................................................... 2-2
2.1.2 Simplified External Circuit Example by Using Level Shift Port and Noise Margin .................. 2-3
2.2.1 Setting Example of Division Ratio ......................................................................... 2-4
2.2.2 Control Procedure Example of 100-ms Processing ............................................ 2-5
2.2.3 Peripheral Circuit Example ..................................................................................... 2-6
2.2.4 Method of Measuring Water Flow Rate ................................................................ 2-6
2.2.5 Control Procedure Example of Measuring Water Flow Rate ............................. 2-7
2.2.6 Peripheral Circuit Example ..................................................................................... 2-8
2.2.7 Setting Example of Division Ratio ......................................................................... 2-8
2.2.8 Control Procedure Example of Buzzer Output .................................................... 2-9
2.2.9 Peripheral Circuit Example ................................................................................... 2-10
2.2.10 Phase Control Procedure Example ................................................................... 2-11
2.2.11 Peripheral Circuit Example ................................................................................. 2-12
2.2.12 Communication Format Example ....................................................................... 2-12
2.2.13 Communications Control Procedure Example .................................................. 2-13
2.2.14 Peripheral Circuit Example ................................................................................. 2-14
2.2.15 Operation Timing Example ................................................................................. 2-14
2.2.16 Control Procedure Example of Motorcycle Engine ......................................... 2-15
2.2.17 Peripheral Circuit Example ................................................................................. 2-16
2.2.18 Operation Timing Example ................................................................................. 2-16
2.2.19 Phase Control Procedure Example ................................................................... 2-17
2.2.20 Peripheral Circuit Example ................................................................................. 2-18
2.2.21 Control Procedure Example of Analog Voltage Output .................................. 2-19
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
List of Figures
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
2.3.1 Connection Example ............................................................................................. 2-20
2.3.2 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock ............................................................. 2-20
2.3.3 Timing of Interrupt Control ................................................................................... 2-21
2.3.4 Control Procedure Example of Serial I/O Transmit .......................................... 2-21
2.3.5 Connection Example ............................................................................................. 2-22
2.3.6 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock ............................................................. 2-22
2.3.7 Communication Format ......................................................................................... 2-22
2.3.8 Control Procedure Example of Serial I/O Receive ........................................... 2-23
2.3.9 Connection Example ............................................................................................. 2-24
2.3.10 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock ........................................................... 2-24
2.3.11 Communication Format Example of Simplified SAE J1850 ........................... 2-25
2.3.12 Communication Timing Example ....................................................................... 2-26
2.3.13 Control Procedure Example (1) of LAN Communications .............................. 2-27
2.3.14 Control Procedure Example (2) of LAN Communications .............................. 2-28
2.4.1 Example of Determining A-D Conversion Values.............................................. 2-30
2.4.2 Control Procedure Example of Determining A-D Conversion Values ............. 2-31
2.5.1 Reset Circuit Examples ........................................................................................ 2-32
2.6.1 Oscillation Circuit Example with Ceramic Resonator ........................................ 2-33
2.6.2 External Clock Circuit Example ........................................................................... 2-33
2.7.1 Connection Example ............................................................................................. 2-34
2.7.2 Operation Example in Key-Input Waiting State ................................................. 2-34
2.7.3 Control Procedure Example of Power-Saving in Key-Input Waiting State.... 2-35
2.7.4 Connection Example ............................................................................................. 2-36
2.7.5 Operation Example in Serial I/O Receive Waiting State.................................. 2-36
2.7.6 Control Procedure Example of Power-Saving ................................................... 2-37
2.8.1 Wiring for RESET Pin ........................................................................................... 2-38
2.8.2 Wiring for Clock I/O Pins ..................................................................................... 2-39
2.8.3 Wiring for VPP Pin of One Time PROM and EPROM Version ....................... 2-39
2.8.4 Bypass Capacitor across VSS Line and VCC Line ............................................ 2-40
2.8.5 Bypass Capacitor across V SS Line and VREF Line .......................................... 2-40
2.8.6 Analog Signal Line and Resistor and Capacitor ............................................... 2-40
2.8.7 Wiring for Large Current Signal Line ................................................................ 2-41
2.8.8 Wiring to Signal Line Where Potential Levels Change Frequently ................. 2-41
2.8.9 VSS Patterns on Underside of Oscillator ............................................................ 2-41
2.8.10 Setup For I/O Ports ........................................................................................... 2-42
2.8.11 Watchdog Timer by Software ............................................................................ 2-43
2.9.1 Initialization of Flags in PS .................................................................................. 2-44
2.9.2 Stack Memory Contents after PHP Instruction Execution ................................ 2-44
2.9.3 PLP Instruction Execution .................................................................................... 2-44
2.9.4 Execution of Decimal Operation .......................................................................... 2-45
2.11.1 Application Circuit to Hot-Water Supply Equipment ....................................... 2-48
2.11.2 Application Circuit to Motorcycle Single-Cylinder Engine .............................. 2-49
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
v
List of Figures
CHAPTER 3 APPENDICES
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure
vi
3.1.1 Port Pi Registers (i = 0 to 5) ................................................................................ 3-2
3.1.2 Port Pi Direction Registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5) .......................................................... 3-2
3.1.3 Port P0 Pull-up Control Register ........................................................................... 3-3
3.1.4 Port P1 Pull-up Control Register ........................................................................... 3-3
3.1.5 Port P4P5 Input Control Register ......................................................................... 3-4
3.1.6 Edge Polarity Selection Register ........................................................................... 3-5
3.1.7 A-D Control Register ............................................................................................... 3-6
3.1.8 A-D Conversion Register ........................................................................................ 3-6
3.1.9 STP Instruction Operation Control Register ......................................................... 3-7
3.1.10 Transmit/Receive Buffer Register ........................................................................ 3-8
3.1.11 Serial I/O Status Register .................................................................................... 3-8
3.1.12 Serial I/O Control Register ................................................................................... 3-9
3.1.13 UART Control Register ......................................................................................... 3-9
3.1.14 Baud Rate Generator .......................................................................................... 3-10
3.1.15 Bus Collision Detection Control Register ......................................................... 3-10
3.1.16 Watchdog Timer H .............................................................................................. 3-11
3.1.17 Timer X ................................................................................................................. 3-12
3.1.18 Timer Y ................................................................................................................. 3-13
3.1.19 Timer 1 ................................................................................................................. 3-13
3.1.20 Timer 2 ................................................................................................................. 3-14
3.1.21 Timer X Mode Register ...................................................................................... 3-14
3.1.22 Timer Y Mode Register ...................................................................................... 3-15
3.1.23 Timer XY Control Register ................................................................................. 3-15
3.1.24 Timer 1 Mode Register ....................................................................................... 3-16
3.1.25 Timer 2 Mode Register ....................................................................................... 3-16
3.1.26 CPU Mode Register ............................................................................................ 3-17
3.1.27 Interrupt Request Register 1 ............................................................................. 3-18
3.1.28 Interrupt Request Register 2 ............................................................................. 3-18
3.1.29 Interrupt Control Register 1 ............................................................................... 3-19
3.1.30 Interrupt Control Register 2 ............................................................................... 3-19
3.8.1 SFR Memory Map ................................................................................................. 3-65
3.9.1 Pinout of 7480 Group (top view) ......................................................................... 3-66
3.9.2 Pinout of 7481 Group (top view) ......................................................................... 3-67
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
List of Tables
List of Tables
CHAPTER 1 HARDWARE
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
1.2.1 Supported Products of 7480 Group and 7481 Group .......................................... 1-5
1.3.1 Performance Overview of 7480 Group .................................................................. 1-6
1.3.2 Performance Overview of 7481 Group .................................................................. 1-7
1.7.1 Push and Pull Instructions for Accumulator and Processor Status Register . 1-16
1.7.2 Instructions to Set Flags of Processor Status Register to ‘1’ or ‘0’ ................ 1-19
1.9.1 RAM Area ................................................................................................................ 1-22
1.9.2 ROM Area ................................................................................................................ 1-22
1.10.1 Termination of Unused Pins ................................................................................ 1-38
1.11.1 Interrupt Sources .................................................................................................. 1-41
1.11.2 Interrupt Sources Available for CPU’s Return from Stop/Wait Mode ............ 1-52
1.12.1 Relation between Timer Count Periods and Values Set to Timer X and Timer Y ................. 1-65
1.13.1 Relation between Timer Count Periods and Values Set to Timer 1 and Timer 2 .................. 1-99
1.14.1 Clearing Error Flags ........................................................................................... 1-110
1.14.2 Example of Baud Rates ..................................................................................... 1-127
1.14.3 Setting of UART Control Register .................................................................... 1-128
1.14.4 Function of UART Transfer Data Bits .............................................................. 1-129
1.19.1 States of Microcomputer in Power Saving Modes ......................................... 1-162
1.20.1 Supported Built-in PROM Version Products in 7480 Group and 7481 Group
(As of September 1997) .................................................................................... 1-171
1.20.2 Pin Functions in EPROM Mode ........................................................................ 1-172
1.20.3 Pin Descriptions (1) ............................................................................................ 1-175
1.20.4 Pin Descriptions (2) ............................................................................................ 1-176
1.20.5 I/O Signals in EPROM Mode ............................................................................ 1-177
1.21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings of 7480 Group .................................................... 1-180
1.21.2 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7480 Group (1) .............................. 1-180
1.21.3 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7480 Group (2) .............................. 1-181
1.21.4 Electrical Characteristics of 7480 Group (1) ................................................... 1-182
1.21.5 Electrical Characteristics of 7480 Group (2) ................................................... 1-183
1.21.6 A-D Conversion Characteristics of 7480 Group ............................................. 1-184
1.21.7 Absolute Maximum Ratings of 7481 Group .................................................... 1-185
1.21.8 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7481 Group (1) .............................. 1-185
1.21.9 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7481 Group (2) .............................. 1-186
1.21.10 Electrical Characteristics of 7481 Group (1) ................................................. 1-187
1.21.11 Electrical Characteristics of 7481 Group (2) ................................................. 1-188
1.21.12 A-D Conversion Characteristics of 7481 Group ........................................... 1-189
1.21.13 Necessary Conditions for Timing and Switching Characteristics .............. 1-190
CHAPTER 2 APPLICATIONS
Table 2.10.1 Functions added to the 7480 Group and 7481 Group .................................... 2-46
Table 2.10.2 Functions Revised from 7477 Group and 7478 Group ................................... 2-47
7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual
i
CHAPTER 1
HARDWARE
1.1 Product Summary
1.2 Group Expansion
1.3 Performance Overviews
1.4 Pinouts
1.5 Pin Descriptions
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
1.8 Access Area
1.9 Memory Maps
1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.11 Interrupts
1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.14 Serial I/O
1.15 A-D Converter
1.16 Watchdog Timer
1.17 Reset
1.18 Oscillation Circuit
1.19 Power Saving Function
1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
HARDWARE
1.1 Product Summary
1.1 Product Summary
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group are 8-bit microcomputers fabricated using Mitsubishi’s silicon gate CMOS
process. They have a simple instruction set with ROM, RAM, and input/output (I/O) interface that are located
in the same memory area.
These microcomputers contain a serial I/O, an A-D converter, and a watchdog timer on a single chip, so
that they are most suitable for control use in automotive controls, office machines, and home appliances.
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group offer products with various types and sizes of built-in memories, as well
as several choice of packages.
1-2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.2 Group Expansion
1.2 Group Expansion
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group are included in the 7470 series microcomputers, based on the M37470M2XXXSP.
The 7470 series is classified as follows:
7470 series
7470 Group
7471 Group
7477 Group
7478 Group
7480 Group
7481 Group
Figure 1.2.1 shows the ROM/RAM expansion plan for the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Since these products are different only in the type and size of built-in memory, and the number of ports,
the most suitable product for user’s system can be easily selected.
The following products are supported in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group in addition to the mask ROM
version.
(1) One Time PROM Version
This is a programmable microcomputer with built-in programmable ROM (PROM) that can be written
to only one time.
For details, refer to Section 1.20 Built-in PROM Version.
(2) Built-in EPROM Version (with Window)
This is a programmable microcomputer with a transparent window on top of its package. Built-in
EPROM can be written and erased.
For details, refer to Section 1.20 Built-in PROM Version.
Table 1.2.1 lists the products currently supported in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-3
HARDWARE
1.2 Group Expansion
ROM size
(bytes)
M37480M8T-XXXSP/FP
M37480E8T-XXXSP/FP
M37481M8T-XXXSP/FP
M37481E8T-XXXSP/FP
M37481E8SS
16 K
M37480M8-XXXSP/FP
M37480E8-XXXSP/FP
M37481M8-XXXSP/FP
M37481E8-XXXSP/FP
12 K
M37480M4-XXXSP/FP
M37480M4T-XXXSP/FP
M37481M4-XXXSP/FP
M37481M4T-XXXSP/FP
8K
4K
0
M37480M2T-XXXSP/FP
M37481M2T-XXXSP/FP
128
256
384
Note: Regarding the products being developed and planned, the development
schedule may be reviewed. Regarding the products being planned, the
development of them may be stopped.
448
RAM size
(bytes)
: Under development
: Under planning
Figure 1.2.1 ROM/RAM Expansion Plan of 7480 Group and 7481 Group (As of September 1997)
1-4
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.2 Group Expansion
Table 1.2.1 Supported Products of 7480 Group and 7481 Group
Product
M37480M2T-XXXSP
M37480M2T-XXXFP
ROM
RAM
(bytes) (bytes)
4096
I/O Ports
Package
32P4B
128
32P2W-A
M37480M4-XXXSP
32P4B
M37480M4-XXXFP
32P2W-A
M37480M4T-XXXSP
8192
256
32P4B
M37480M4T-XXXFP
M37480M8-XXXSP
I/O ports: 18
32P2W-A
32P4B
M37480M8-XXXFP
Input ports: 8
32P2W-A
M37480M8T-XXXSP
(Including 4 analog 32P4B
input pins.)
32P2W-A
M37480M8T-XXXFP
M37480E8SP
M37480E8FP
M37480E8-XXXSP
16384
448
M37480E8T-XXXFP
32P2W-A
M37481M4-XXXFP
M37481M4T-XXXSP
8192
42P4B
44P6N-A
42P4B
44P6N-A
256
42P4B
M37481M4T-XXXFP
44P6N-A
M37481M8-XXXSP
I/O ports: 24
M37481M8-XXXFP
M37481M8T-XXXSP
Input ports: 12
M37481M8T-XXXFP
M37481E8SP
M37481E8FP
16384
448
42P4B
44P6N-A
42P4B
(Including 8 analog
44P6N-A
input pins.)
42P4B
44P6N-A
M37481E8-XXXSP
42P4B
M37481E8-XXXFP
M37481E8T-XXXSP
44P6N-A
42P4B
M37481E8T-XXXFP
44P6N-A
M37481E8SS
Note: Extended Operating Temperature Range Version.
Mask ROM version (Note)
Mask ROM version
Mask ROM version (Note)
(Shipped in blank)
32P4B
M37481M2T-XXXFP
M37481M4-XXXSP
Mask ROM version
32P2W-A
32P4B
M37480E8T-XXXSP
128
Mask ROM version (Note)
One Time PROM version
32P2W-A
4096
Remarks
32P4B
M37480E8-XXXFP
M37481M2T-XXXSP
(As of September 1997)
42S1B-A
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
One Time PROM version
One Time PROM version (Note)
Mask ROM version (Note)
Mask ROM version
Mask ROM version (Note)
Mask ROM version
Mask ROM version (Note)
One Time PROM version
(Shipped in blank)
One Time PROM version
One Time PROM version (Note)
Built-in EPROM version
1-5
HARDWARE
1.3 Performance Overviews
1.3 Performance Overviews
Tables 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 list the performance overviews of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, respectively.
Table 1.3.1 Performance Overview of 7480 Group
Performance
Items
Number of Basic Instructions
71 (69 basic instructions of 740 Family and 2 Multiply and
Divide instructions)
Instruction Execution Time
0.5 µs (the minimum instructions at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz)
Clock Input Oscillation Frequency
M37480M2
ROM
M37480M4
8 MHz (Max.)
4096 bytes
8192 bytes
Memory
M37480M8/E8
16384 bytes
Size
M37480M2
M37480M4
128 bytes
M37480M8/E8
448 bytes
P0
P1
8 bits
8 bits
P4
2 bits
P2
P3
4 bits
Input/Output Voltage
5 V
Output Current
–5 mA to 10 mA (P0, P1: CMOS 3-State Buffer)
10 mA (P4: N-Channel open-drain)
RAM
Input/
I/O
Output
Ports
Input
Input/Output
Characteristics
256 bytes
4 bits
8 bits × 1
Serial I/O
16-bit timer × 2
Timers
8-bit timer × 2
M37480M2
64 levels (Max.)
96 levels (Max.)
Subroutine Nesting M37480M4
M37480M8/E8
192 levels (Max.)
Interrupt Sources
5 external, 8 internal, and 1 software interrupt sources
A-D Converter
4-channel analog inputs
(Successive Comparison Conversion)
(alternative function of Port 2 pins)
Clock Generator
Built-in circuit with a feedback resistor; a ceramic resonator external
Built-in circuit
Watchdog Timer
2.7 V to 4.5 V (f(X IN) = (2.2 V CC–2) MHz)
Power Supply
4.5 V to 5.5 V (f(X IN) = 8 MHz)
Power Dissipation
35 mW (typical value at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz)
Operating Temperature Range
–20 °C to 85 °C (–40 °C to 85 °C for Extended Operating
Temperature Range Version)
Device Structure
CMOS Silicon Gate
Package
M37480Mx/E8-XXXSP
M37480MxT/E8T-XXXSP
M37480Mx/E8-XXXFP
M37480MxT/E8T-XXXFP
1-6
32-Pin Shrink Plastic DIP
32-Pin Plastic SOP
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.3 Performance Overviews
Table 1.3.2 Performance Overview of 7481 Group
Performance
Items
Number of Basic Instructions
71 (69 basic instructions of 740 Family and 2 Multiply and
Divide instructions)
Instruction Execution Time
0.5 µs (the minimum instructions at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz)
Clock Input Oscillation Frequency
M37481M2
ROM
M37481M4
8 MHz (Max.)
4096 bytes
Memory
M37481M8/E8
8192 bytes
16384 bytes
Size
M37481M2
128 bytes
M37481M4
M37481M8/E8
256 bytes
P0
8 bits
P1
P4
8 bits
4 bits
P5
4 bits
P2
8 bits
P3
4 bits
Input/Output Voltage
5 V
Output Current
–5 mA to 10 mA (P0, P1: CMOS 3-State Buffer)
10 mA (P4, P5: N-Channel open-drain)
RAM
Input/
I/O
Output
Ports
Input
Input/Output
Characteristics
448 bytes
8 bits × 1
Serial I/O
16-bit timer × 2
Timers
8-bit timer × 2
M37481M2
64 levels (Max.)
96 levels (Max.)
Subroutine Nesting M37481M4
M37481M8/E8
192 levels (Max.)
Interrupt Sources
5 external, 8 internal, and 1 software interrupt sources
A-D Converter
8-channel analog inputs
(Successive Comparison Conversion)
(alternative function of Port 2 pins)
Clock Generator
Built-in circuit with a feedback resistor; a ceramic resonator external
Built-in circuit
Watchdog Timer
2.7 V to 4.5 V (f(X IN) = (2.2 V CC–2) MHz)
Power Supply
4.5 V to 5.5 V (f(X IN) = 8 MHz)
Power Dissipation
35 mW (typical value at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz)
Operating Temperature Range
–20 °C to 85 °C (–40 °C to 85 °C for Extended Operating
Temperature Range Version)
Device Structure
CMOS Silicon Gate
Package
M37481Mx/E8-XXXSP
M37481MxT/E8T-XXXSP
42-Pin Shrink Plastic DIP
M37481E8SS
42-Pin Shrink Ceramic DIP
M37481Mx/E8-XXXFP
M37481MxT/E8T-XXXFP
44-Pin Plastic QFP
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-7
HARDWARE
1.4 Pinouts
1.4 Pinouts
Figures 1.4.1 and 1.4.2 show the pinouts of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, respectively. For the pinouts
of the built-in PROM versions used in the EPROM mode, refer to Section 1.20.1 EPROM mode.
Pinout (top view)
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
28
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
M37480M8-XXXSP
M37480M8T-XXXSP
M37480E8-XXXSP
M37480E8T-XXXSP
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
VCC
Outline 32P4B ✽1
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
28
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
M37480M8-XXXFP
M37480M8T-XXXFP
M37480E8-XXXFP
M37480E8T-XXXFP
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
VCC
Outline 32P2W-A ✽2
✽ 1: The M37480M2T-XXXSP, M37480M4-XXXSP and M37480M4T-XXXSP are also included in the 32P4B packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
2: The M37480M2T-XXXFP, M37480M4-XXXFP and M37480M4T-XXXFP are also included in the 32P2W-A packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
Note: The only differences between the 32P4B package product and the 32P2W-A package product are package outline and
absolute maximum ratings.
Figure 1.4.1 Pinout of 7480 Group (top view)
1-8
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.4 Pinouts
Pinout (top view)
1
42
2
41
3
40
4
39
5
38
6
37
7
36
M37481M8-XXXSP
M37481M8T-XXXSP
M37481E8-XXXSP
M37481E8T-XXXSP
M37481E8SS
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
P52
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
16
27
17
26
18
25
19
24
20
23
21
22
23
24
25
27
26
28
29
31
30
33
P04
32
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
Outline 42P4B ✽1
42S1B-A (M37481E8SS)
34
22
P05
P06
P07
P52
VSS
35
21
36
20
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
40
19
M37481M8-XXXFP
M37481M8T-XXXFP
M37481E8-XXXFP
M37481E8T-XXXFP
38
39
18
17
16
11
9
10
8
XOUT
XIN
VREF
P20/IN0
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
7
12
6
13
44
5
43
4
14
3
15
42
1
41
2
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
37
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
VSS
AVSS
Outline 44P6N-A
✽2
✽ 1: The M37481M2T-XXXSP, M37481M4-XXXSP and M37481M4T-XXXSP are also included in the 42P4B packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
2: The M37481M2T-XXXFP, M37481M4-XXXFP and M37481M4T-XXXFP are also included in the 44P6N-A packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
Note: The only differences between the 42P4B package product and the 44P6N-A package product are package outline,
absolute maximum ratings and the fact that the 44P6N-A package product has the AVss pin.
Figure 1.4.2 Pinout of 7481 Group (top view)
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-9
HARDWARE
1.5 Pin Descriptions
1.5 Pin Descriptions
Tables 1.5.1 and 1.5.2 list the pin descriptions.
For pin functions in the EPROM mode of the built-in PROM version, refer to Section 1.20.2 Pin Descriptions.
Table 1.5.1 Pin Descriptions (1)
Pin
VCC , VSS
Input/
Output
Name
Function
• Apply the following voltage to the VCC pin:
Power source
2.7 V to 4.5 V (at f(X IN ) = (2.2 VCC –2) MHz), or
4.5 V to 5.5 V (at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz).
• Apply 0 V to the V SS pin.
• Ground level input pin for the A-D converter
• Apply the same voltage as for the V SS pin to the AV SS
pin.
Note: This pin is dedicated to the 44P6N-A package products
in the 7481 Group.
AVSS
Analog power source
VREF
Reference voltage input
RESET
XIN
XOUT
1-10
Reset input
Clock input
Clock output
Input
• Reference voltage input pin for A-D converter
Input
• Apply the following voltage to the VREF pin:
2 V to V CC V when V CC = 2.7 V to 4.0 V, or
0.5 V CC (≥ 2) to V CC V when V CC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V.
Note: When not using A-D converter, connect V REF pin to
VCC.
• Reset input pin
Input
• System Reset: Holding the LOW level for 2 µ s or more
forces CPU into reset state.
• I/O pins for clock generator
Output
• A ceramic resonator is connected between pins XIN and
XOUT.
• When an external clock is used, it is input to XIN pin, and
leave X OUT pin open.
• A feedback resistor is built in between pins XIN and XOUT.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.5 Pin Descriptions
Table 1.5.2 Pin Descriptions (2)
Pin
P00–P0 7
Name
I/O port P0
Input/
Output
I/O
Function
• 8-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is CMOS output.
• When an input port is selected, a pull-up transistor can
be connectable by the bit.
• In input mode, a key-on wake up function is provided.
P10–P1 7
I/O port P1
I/O
• 8-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is CMOS output.
• When an input port is selected, a pull-up transistor can
be connected by the 4 bits.
• P1 2 and P1 3 serve the alternative functions of the timer
output pins T 0 and T 1.
• P14, P1 5, P16, and P1 7 serve the alternative functions of
the serial I/O pins RxD, TxD, SCLK and SRDY, respectively.
P20–P2 7
Input port P2
Input
• 8-bit input port pins
• P2 0 –P2 7 serve the alternative functions of the analog
input pins IN 0–IN7.
Note: The 7480 Group has only four pins of P20–P2 3 (IN0–IN3).
P30–P3 3
Input port P3
P40–P4 3
I/O port P4
Input
I/O
• 4-bit input port pins
• P30 and P31 serve the alternative functions of the external
interrupt input pins INT 0 and INT1 .
• 4-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is N-channel open-drain outputs with
built-in clamping diodes.
• P4 0 and P4 1 serve the alternative functions of the timer
I/O pins CNTR 0 and CNTR 1.
Note: The 7480 Group has only two pins of P4 0 and P4 1.
P50–P5 3
I/O port P5
I/O
• 4-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is N-channel open-drain outputs with
built-in clamping diodes.
Note: The 7480 Group is not provided with port P5.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-11
1-12
15
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
(Note 2)
13
4
VREF
Input port P3 Reference
voltage input
22 21 20 19
24 23
Data bus
Index
register Y
Y (8)
Program
counter
PCL (8)
INT1
INT0
P3 (4)
I/O port P4
VSS
16
A-D converter
Index
register X
X (8)
Program
counter
PCH (8)
17
VCC
P4 (2)
CNTR1
Processor
status
register
PS (8)
CNTR0
Accumulator
A (8)
RAM
448
bytes
18
Reset input
RESET
INT1
INT0
P1 (8)
Timer Y (16)
Timer X (16)
Timer 2 (8)
Timer 1 (8)
I/O port P1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Serial I/O (8)
Input port P2
9 10 11 12
P2 (4)
Stack
pointer
S (8)
ROM
16384
bytes
(Note 1)
I/O port P0
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25
P0 (8)
Control signal
Instruction
decoder
Instruction
register (8)
Notes 1: 8192 bytes for the M37480M4-XXXSP/FP, M37480M4T-XXXSP/FP and 4096 bytes for the M37480M2T-XXXSP/FP
2:256 bytes for the M37480M4-XXXSP/FP, M37480M4T-XXXSP/FP and 128 bytes for the M37480M2T-XXXSP/FP
8-bit
arithmetic
and
logical unit
Clock generator
14
Clock Clock
input output
XIN
XOUT
M37480M8/E8-XXXSP/FP, M37480M8T/E8T-XXXSP/FP FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams
Figures 1.6.1, 1.6.2 and 1.6.3 show the functional block diagrams of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Figure 1.6.1 M37480Mx/E8-XXXSP/FP and M37480MxT/E8T-XXXSP/FP Functional Block Diagram
20
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
33 32 31 30
I/O port P4
1 42 24 23
I/O port P5
P2 (8)
Stack
pointer
S (8)
ROM
16384
bytes
(Note 1)
Input port P2
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
8
VREF
Input port P3 Reference
voltage input
18
INT1
INT0
29 28 27 26
P3 (4)
CNTR1
Data bus
Index
register Y
Y (8)
Program
counter
PCL (8)
21
VSS
A-D converter
Index
register X
X (8)
Program
counter
PCH (8)
22
VCC
P1 (8)
Timer Y (16)
Timer X (16)
I/O port P1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Serial I/O (8)
INT1
INT0
Timer 2 (8)
Timer 1 (8)
I/O port P0
41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
P0 (8)
Control signal
Instruction
decoder
Instruction
register (8)
Notes 1: 8192 bytes for the M37481M4-XXXSP, M37481M4T-XXXSP and 4096 bytes for the M37481M2T-XXXSP
2: 256 bytes for the M37481M4-XXXSP, M37481M4T-XXXSP and 128 bytes for the M37481M2T-XXXSP
P4 (4)
CNTR0
P5 (4)
(Note 2)
Processor
status
register
PS (8)
RAM
448
bytes
25
Reset input
RESET
8-bit
Accumulator
arithmetic
A (8)
and
logical unit
Clock generator
19
Clock Clock
input output
XIN
XOUT
M37481M8/E8-XXXSP, M37481M8T/E8T-XXXSP, M37481E8SS FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams
Figure 1.6.2 M37481Mx/E8-XXXSP, M37481MxT/E8T-XXXSP and M37481E8SS Functional Block Diagram
1-13
1-14
15
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
Figure 1.6.3 M37481Mx/E8-XXXFP, M37481MxT/E8T-XXXFP Functional Block Diagram
29 28 27 26
I/O port P4
40 38 20 19
I/O port P5
VREF
Input port P3 Reference
voltage input
Input port P2
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Stack
pointer
S (8)
25 24 23 22
8
(Note 1)
ROM
16384
bytes
P2 (8)
13
INT1
INT0
A-D converter
Index
register Y
Y (8)
Program
counter
PCL (8)
Data bus
16
AVSS
P3 (4)
CNTR1
VSS
17 39
Index
register X
X (8)
Program
counter
PCH (8)
18
VCC
P1 (8)
Timer Y (16)
Timer X (16)
I/O port P1
41 42 43 44 1 2 3 4
Serial I/O (8)
INT1
INT0
Timer 2 (8)
Timer 1 (8)
I/O port P0
37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30
P0 (8)
Control signal
Instruction
decoder
Instruction
register (8)
Notes 1: 8192 bytes for the M37481M4-XXXFP, M37481M4T-XXXFP and 4096 bytes for the M37481M2T-XXXFP
2:256 bytes for the M37481M4-XXXFP, M37481M4T-XXXFP and 128 bytes for the M37481M2T-XXXFP
P4 (4)
(Note 2)
Processor
status
register
PS (8)
CNTR0
Accumulator
A (8)
RAM
448
bytes
21
Reset input
RESET
P5 (4)
8-bit
arithmetic
and
logical unit
Clock generator
14
Clock Clock
input output
XIN
XOUT
M37481M8/E8-XXXFP, M37481M8T/E8T-XXXFP FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
HARDWARE
1.6 Functional Block Diagrams
HARDWARE
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group have the CPU common to the 740 family.
For the description of the instructions, refer to the following:
• Section 3.6 Machine Instructions
• 740 FAMILY CPU CORE BASIC FUNCTIONS: ADDRESSING MODE in data book SINGLE CHIP 8-BIT
MICROCOMPUTERS
• SERIES 740 <SOFTWARE> USER’S MANUAL
The instructions which characterize the group are as follows:
1. FST and SLW instructions are excluded.
2. MUL and DIV instructions are available.
3. WIT instruction is available (Note).
4. STP instruction is available (Note).
Note: For the above instructions, refer to Section 1.19 Power Saving Function.
The CPU has the six registers (CPU internal registers).
Figure 1.7.1 shows the CPU internal registers.
7
0
Accumulator
A
7
0
Index register X
X
7
0
Index register Y
Y
7
0
Stack pointer
S
15
8
7
PCH
0
PCL
7
Program counter
0
N V T B D I Z C
Processor status register (PS)
Carry flag
Zero flag
Interrupt disable flag
Decimal mode flag
Break flag
Index X mode flag
Overflow flag
Negative flag
Figure 1.7.1 CPU Internal Registers
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-15
HARDWARE
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
States of the CPU internal registers immediately after system is released from reset are as follows:
• The interrupt disable flag (I) of the processor status register (PS) is set to ‘1’.
• The high-order 8 bits (PCH) of the program counter contain the contents of address ‘FFFF16’, and the loworder 8 bits (PC L) contain the contents of address ‘FFFE 16’.
Since the contents of the CPU internal registers not mentioned above are undefined immediately after
system is released from reset, it is necessary to initialize these registers by software.
1.7.1 Accumulator (A)
The accumulator is an 8-bit register. Data manipulations, such as arithmetic or logical operation and
transfers, are performed using this register.
1.7.2 Index Register X (X)
Index register X is an 8-bit register that performs addressing in the index addressing mode.
1.7.3 Index Register Y (Y)
Index register Y is an 8-bit register that performs addressing for certain instructions in the index addressing
mode.
1.7.4 Stack Pointer (S)
The stack pointer is an 8-bit register. It indicates the start address of the stack area where the contents
of registers pushed at subroutine call or interrupt are stored.
The low-order 8 bits in the stack are addressed by the stack pointer, and the high-order 8 bits are
addressed by the content of the stack page selection bit. When this bit is ‘0’, the high-order 8 bits indicate
‘00 16’, and when ‘1’, they indicate ‘01 16’.
For the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, the stack page selection bit is assigned to bit 2 of the CPU mode
register (address 00FB 16). Set this bit to ‘1’ if necessary, because it is cleared to ‘0’ at reset.
Note: In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, however, the product with RAM whose memory size is 192 bytes
or less does not have RAM on 1 page. Therefore, clear this bit to ‘0’.
Figure 1.7.2 shows the operation for pushing onto and pulling from the stack. Push the contents of
necessary registers other than those described here onto stack by software.
Table 1.7.1 lists the push and pull instructions for the accumulator and the processor status register.
Initialize the stack pointer by software because it is undefined immediately after system is released from
reset.
Table 1.7.1 Push and Pull Instructions for Accumulator and Processor Status Register
Push Instructions
Pull Instructions
Accumulator
PHA
PLA
Processor Status Register
PHP
PLP
1-16
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Routine being executed
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
When an interrupt is accepted
Interrupt request (Note)
M(S)←(PCH)
(S)←(S) – 1
•
•
•
•
•
•
M(S)←(PCL)
•
Push the return
address onto stack
(S)←(S) – 1
When a subroutine is called
M(S)←(PS)
Execute JSR
(S)←(S) – 1
Interrupt service
routine
M(S)←(PCH)
M(S)←(PCL)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
(S)←(S) – 1
I flag: ‘0’ → ‘1’
Fetch the jump
vector
•
•
Push the
return address
onto stack
Push the contents of
processor status
register onto stack
(S)←(S) – 1
Execute RTI
Subroutine
•
(S)←(S) + 1
•
•
(PS)←M(S)
Pull the contents of
processor status
register from stack
•
(S)←(S) + 1
(PCL)←M(S)
Execute RTS
(S)←(S) + 1
(S)←(S) + 1
Pull the return
address from
stack
Pull the return
address from stack
(PCH)←M(S)
(PCL)←M(S)
(S)←(S) + 1
(PCH)←M(S)
: Operation performed by software
: Operation automatically performed by hardware
Note: Condition for acceptance of an interrupt •
•
•
Interrupt disable flag is ‘0’ (enabled state)
Interrupt enable bit is ‘1’ (enabled state)
Figure 1.7.2 Operation for Pushing onto and Pulling from Stack
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1-17
HARDWARE
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
1.7.5 Program Counter (PC)
The program counter is a 16-bit counter consisting of the high-order 8 bits (PCH) and the low-order 8 bits
(PC L ). The program counter indicates the address of the program memory to be next fetched.
At reset, the high-order 8 bits (PCH) of the program counter contain the contents of address ‘FFFF 16’, and
the low-order 8 bits (PC L) contain the contents of address ‘FFFE 16 ’.
1.7.6 Processor Status Register (PS)
The processor status register is an 8-bit register. This register consists of 5 flags which hold the states
immediately after arithmetic or logical operation, and 3 flags which determine the CPU operation.
C, Z, V, and N flags are used to test the branch instructions. However, Z, V, and N flags are invalid in the
decimal mode.
Each flag of the processor status register is described below. Also, Table 1.7.2 lists the instructions that
set these flags to ‘1’ or ‘0’.
(1) Carry Flag C (bit 0)
This flag holds a carry or a borrow from the arithmetic logic unit after following an arithmetic or logical
operation. Also, the shift and rotate instructions can affect the content of this flag.
The Carry flag is set to ‘1’ by using the SEC instruction and cleared to ‘0’ by using the CLC
instruction.
(2) Zero Flag Z (bit 1)
This flag is ‘1’ when the result of an arithmetic, logical or transfer operation is ‘0’, otherwise it is ‘0’.
The Zero flag is invalid in the decimal mode.
There is no instruction that can affect the content of this flag.
(3) Interrupt Disable Flag I (bit 2)
This flag disables all interrupts except the BRK instruction interrupt. When it is set to ‘1’, interrupt
is disabled. When an interrupt is accepted, the flag automatically goes to ‘1’.
This flag is set to ‘1’ by using the SEI instruction and cleared to ‘0’ by using the CLI instruction.
Note: This flag is set to ‘1’ (interrupt disabled) at reset.
(4) Decimal Mode Flag D (bit 3)
This flag determines whether addition and subtraction are performed in the binary or decimal mode.
When this flag is ‘0’, ordinary binary operation is performed; On the other hand, when it is ‘1’, an 8bit word is handled as a decimal number of two digits. Decimal adjust is automatically performed in
the decimal operation. However, the decimal operation can be performed only at the ADC and SBC
instructions.
This flag is set to ‘1’ by using the SED instruction and cleared to ‘0’ by using the CLD instruction.
Note: This flag is undefined at reset; then it is necessary to initialize this flag because it directly
affects the result of arithmetic operation.
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.7 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
(5) Break Flag B (bit 4)
This flag recognizes whether an interrupt occurs by using the BRK instruction. The contents of
processor status register are pushed onto the stack when the following occurs;
• the contents of this flag is set to ‘1’ when an interrupt occurs by using the BRK instruction, or
• this flag is set to ‘0’ by the all other interrupts.
There is no instruction that can affect the content of this flag.
(6) Index X Mode Flag T (bit 5)
When this flag is ‘0’, operation is performed between the accumulator and memories. When this flag
is ‘1’, operation is directly done between memories without using the accumulator. This flag is set
to ‘1’ by using the SET instruction and cleared to ‘0’ by using the CLT instruction.
Note: This flag is undefined at reset; it is therefore necessary to initialize this flag because it directly
affects the result of operation.
(7) Overflow Flag V (bit 6)
This flag is used in adding or subtracting an 8-bit word as signed binary digits. When the result of
addition or subtraction exceeds the range of +127 to -128, this flag is set to ‘1’. When the BIT
instruction is executed, the content of bit 6 of the activated memory is written to the flag.
This flag is cleared to ‘0’ by using the CLV instruction. However, there is no instruction that can set
this flag to ‘1’.
In the decimal mode, this flag is invalid.
(8) Negative Flag N (bit 7)
When the result of arithmetic, logical or transfer operation is negative (bit 7 is ‘1’), this flag is set to
‘1’. When the BIT instruction is executed, the content of bit 7 of the activated memory is written to
the flag.
There is no instruction that can directly affect the content of this flag.
In the decimal mode, this flag is invalid.
Table 1.7.2 Instructions to Set Flags of Processor Status Register to ‘1’ or ‘0’
C Flag
Z Flag
I Flag
D Flag
B Flag
T Flag
Instructions to Set
SEC
–
SEI
SED
–
SET
Flags to ‘1’
Instructions to Set
Flags to ‘0’
CLC
–
CLI
CLD
–
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
CLT
V Flag
N Flag
–
–
CLV
–
1-19
HARDWARE
1.8 Access Area
1.8 Access Area
For the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, all ROM, RAM and I/O and various control registers are located in
the same access area. Therefore, data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations can be accomplished by
the same instructions without identifying between memory and I/O interface.
The program counter consists of 16 bits and can access the 64K-byte area of addresses ‘000016’ through
‘FFFF 16’.
The area of the least significant 256 bytes (addresses ‘000016’ through ‘00FF16’) is called the ‘zero page’.
Frequently accessed memory such as an internal RAM, I/O ports, timers, etc are located in this area.
Furthermore, the area of the most significant 256 bytes (addresses ‘FF0016’ through ‘FFFF16’) is called the
‘special page’. An internal ROM and interrupt vectors are located in this area.
Both the zero page and the special page can be accessed with two bytes, using the specific mode for each
page.
Figure 1.8.1 shows the outline of the access area.
000016
RAM
00C016
00FF16
Zero page
SFR area
RAM
FF0016
ROM
Special page
FFFF16
Interrupt vector area
Figure 1.8.1 Access Area
1-20
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.8 Access Area
1.8.1 Zero Page (Addresses ‘000016 ’ through ‘00FF16’)
The area of 256 bytes from addresses ‘000016’ through ‘00FF16’ is called the zero page. The internal RAM
and the special function registers (SFR) are located in this area.
The addressing modes shown in Table 1.8.1 are used to specify memory or registers in this area. In the
mode listed, the zero page addressing mode can be used to access this area by shorter instruction cycles.
1.8.2 Special Page (Addresses ‘FF00 16’ through ‘FFFF 16 ’)
The area of 256 bytes from addresses ‘FF0016 ’ through ‘FFFF16’ is called the special page. The internal
ROM and the interrupt vector area are located in this area.
The addressing modes shown in Table 1.8.1 are used to specify memory or subroutines in this area. In
the mode listed, the special page addressing mode can be used to jump to this area by shorter instruction
cycles.
Ordinary, frequently used subroutines are located in this area.
Table 1.8.1 Addressing Mode Accessible to Each Area
Addressing Mode
Reference to Zero Page Reference to Special Page Reference to Other Areas
(Required Bytes)
Zero Page (2)
O
–
–
Zero Page Indirect (2)
O
–
–
Zero Page X (2)
O
–
–
Zero Page Y (2)
O
–
Zero Page Bit (2)
O
Zero Page Bit Relative (3)
O
–
–
–
–
Absolute (3)
Absolute X (3)
O
O
O
O
O
Absolute Y (3)
O
O
O
Relative (2)
O
Indirect (3)
O
O
O
O
O
Indirect X (2)
Indirect Y (2)
O
O
O
O
O
O
Special Page (2)
–
O
–
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
–
O
1-21
HARDWARE
1.9 Memory Maps
1.9 Memory Maps
Figure 1.9.1 shows the memory maps of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Memories and I/Os located in the access area are described below.
●
RAM
The internal RAM is located in the area listed in Table 1.9.1. Internal RAM is used for data storage,
the stack area used subroutine call or interrupt generation.
To prevent the contents of RAM from being destroyed, take the depth of subroutine nesting and the
level of interrupt into consideration when using RAM as the stack area.
●
Special Function Registers (SFR) (Addresses ‘00C016’ through ‘00FF 16’)
Special function registers (SFR) are assigned to addresses ‘00C0 16’ through ‘00FF16’. Various control
registers for the I/O ports, the timers, the serial I/O, the A-D converter, and the interrupts are located
in the SFR area.
Figure 1.9.2 shows the memory map of the SFR area.
●
ROM
The internal ROM is located in the area listed in Table 1.9.2. Internal ROM is used to store data
tables and programs. In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, addresses ‘FFE416 ’ through ‘FFFF16 ’ of
the ROM area are assigned to the vector area where the jump addresses after system is released
from reset and interrupt generation are stored.
Figure 1.9.3 shows the memory map of the interrupt vector area.
Table 1.9.1 RAM Area
Product
Range of RAM Area
M3748xM2
Addresses ‘0000 16’ through ‘007F 16’
RAM Size
128 × 8 bits
M3748xM4
Addresses ‘000016’ through ‘00BF16’, Addresses ‘010016’ through ‘013F16’
256 × 8 bits
M3748xM8/E8
Addresses ‘000016’ through ‘00BF16’, Addresses ‘010016’ through ‘01FF16’
448 × 8 bits
Table 1.9.2 ROM Area
Product
Memory Type
M3748xM2
Mask ROM
M3748xM4
M3748xM8
Mask ROM
Mask ROM
M3748xE8
PROM
1-22
Range of ROM Area
Addresses ‘F000 16’ through ‘FFFF 16’
Addresses ‘E000 16 ’ through ‘FFFF 16’
Addresses ‘C000 16’ through ‘FFFF 16’
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
ROM Size
4K × 8 bits
8K × 8 bits
16K × 8 bits
HARDWARE
1.9 Memory Maps
M37480M2
M37481M2
000016
007F16
008016
00BF16
00C016
00FF16
RAM
(128 bytes)
M37480M4
M37481M4
000016
RAM
(192 bytes)
M37480M8/E8
M37481M8/E8
000016
RAM
(192 bytes)
Zero page
Not used
SFR area
00BF16
00C016
00FF16
010016
013F16
SFR area
RAM
(64 bytes)
00BF16
00C016
00FF16
010016
SFR area
RAM
(256 bytes)
01FF16
Not used
Not used
Not used
C00016
E00016
F00016
ROM
(4096 bytes)
FF0016
FFE416
FFFF16
ROM
(8192 bytes)
FF0016
Interrupt vector area
FFE416
FFFF16
ROM
(16384 bytes)
FF0016
Interrupt vector area
FFE416
FFFF16
Interrupt vector area
Special
page
Figure 1.9.1 Memory Maps of 7480 Group and 7481 Group
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HARDWARE
1.9 Memory Maps
00C016
00C116
00C216
00C316
00C416
00C516
00C616
00C716
00C816
00C916
00CA16
00CB16
00CC16
00CD16
00CE16
00CF16
00D016
00D116
00D216
00D316
00D416
00D516
00D616
00D716
00D816
00D916
00DA16
00DB16
00DC16
00DD16
00DE16
00DF16
Port P0 register (P0)
Port P0 direction register (P0D)
Port P1 register (P1)
Port P1 direction register (P1D)
Port P2 register (P2)
Port P3 register (P3)
Port P4 register (P4)
Port P4 direction register (P4D)
Port P5 register (P5)
Port P5 direction register (P5D)
Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON)
Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON)
Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON)
Edge polarity selection register (EG)
A-D control register (ADCON)
A-D conversion register (AD)
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON)
00E016
00E116
00E216
00E316
00E416
00E516
00E616
00E716
00E816
00E916
00EA16
(Note)
00EB16
00EC16
00ED16
00EE16
00EF16
00F016
00F116
00F216
00F316
00F416
00F516
00F616
00F716
00F816
00F916
00FA16
00FB16
00FC16
00FD16
00FE16
00FF16
Transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB)
Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS)
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON)
UART control register (UARTCON)
Baud rate generator (BRG)
Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON)
Watchdog timer H (WDTH)
Timer X low-order (TXL)
Timer X high-order (TXH)
Timer Y low-order (TYL)
Timer Y high-order (TYH)
Timer 1 (T1)
Timer 2 (T2)
Timer X mode register (TXM)
Timer Y mode register (TYM)
Timer XY control register (TXYCON)
Timer 1 mode register (T1M)
Timer 2 mode register (T2M)
CPU mode register (CPUM)
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1)
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2)
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2)
Note: These registers are not allocated in the 7480 Group.
Figure 1.9.2 Memory Map of SFR Area
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HARDWARE
1.9 Memory Maps
FFE416
FFE516
FFE616
FFE716
FFE816
FFE916
FFEA16
FFEB16
FFEC16
FFED16
FFEE16
FFEF16
FFF016
FFF116
FFF216
FFF316
FFF416
FFF516
FFF616
FFF716
FFF816
FFF916
FFFA16
FFFB16
FFFC16
FFFD16
FFFE16
FFFF16
BRK instruction interrupt
A-D conversion completion interrupt
Bus arbitration interrupt
Serial I/O transmit interrupt
Serial I/O receive interrupt
Timer 2 interrupt
Timer 1 interrupt
Timer Y interrupt
Timer X interrupt
CNTR1 interrupt
CNTR0 interrupt
INT1 interrupt or key-on wakeup interrupt
INT0 interrupt
Reset
Note: Refer to Section 1.11 Interrupts for each interrupt overview.
Figure 1.9.3 Memory Map of Interrupt Vector Area
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.10 Input/Output Pins
The Input/Output (I/O) pins of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group are classified as follows:
• I/O port pins (P0 0–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7, P4 0–P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3)
• Input port pins (P2 0–P2 7 and P3 0 –P33)
• Reset input pin ( RESET )
• Clock input and output pins (X IN and X OUT)
• A-D conversion reference voltage input pin (VREF)
• Power source pins (V CC, V SS, and AV SS)
Notes 1: The 7480 Group does not have port pins P24–P2 7 , P4 2, P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3.
2: The AV SS pin is dedicated to the 44P6N-A package products in the 7481 Group.
For the functions of each pin, refer to Section 1.5 Pin Descriptions.
1.10.1 Block Diagrams
Figures 1.10.1, 1.10.2, and 1.10.3 show the block diagrams of the I/O and input port pins.
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
● Port P0
Pull-up control
register
Tr1
Direction register
Data bus
Port pins P0i (i = 0 to 7)
Port latch
Interrupt control circuit
Tr1: Pull-up transistor
● Ports P10–P13
Data bus
Pull-up control
register
Tr2
Timer 2 operation
mode bit
Direction register
Data bus
Port latch
Port P13 pin
T1
T r3
Timer 1 operation
mode bit
Direction register
Data bus
Port P12 pin
Port latch
T0
Tr4
Direction register
Data bus
Port P11 pin
Port latch
Tr5
Direction register
Data bus
Port P10 pin
Port latch
Tr2 to Tr5: Pull-up transistor
Figure 1.10.1 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P0i and P10–P1 3
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
● Ports P14–P17
Serial I/O enable bit
Serial I/O mode selection bit
SRDY output enable bit
Tr6
Direction register
Data bus
Port P17 pin
Port latch
SRDY
Serial I/O synchronous clock
selection bit
Serial I/O enable bit
Serial I/O mode selection bit
Serial I/O enable bit
Tr7
Direction register
Data bus
Port P16 pin
Port latch
SCLK output
SCLK input
Serial I/O enable bit
Transmit enable bit
Tr8
Direction register
Data bus
Port P15 pin
Port latch
TxD
Serial I/O enable bit
Receive enable bit
Tr9
Direction register
Data bus
Port latch
Port P14 pin
RxD
Data bus
Pull-up control
register
Tr6 to Tr9: Pull-up transistor
Figure 1.10.2 Block Diagram of Port Pins P1 4 –P17
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
● Port P2
Port pins P2i (i = 0 to 7 for 7481 Group,
i = 0 to 3 for 7480 Group)
Data bus
Multiplexer
A-D conversion circuit
● Port P3
Data bus
Port pins P3i (i = 0 to 3)
INT0, INT1
● Ports P40 and P41
Timer X, Y operating
mode bits
‘001’
‘100’
‘101’
‘110’
Port pins P40 and P41
Direction register
Data bus
Port latch
Timer output
CNTR0, CNTR1 input
● Ports P42, P43, and P5
Port pins P42, P43, and P5i (i=0 to 3)
Direction register
Data bus
Port latch
Port P4P5 input control register
• For the 7480 Group, set this register to ‘0016’.
• For the 7481 Group, set the bit corresponding to the port
set to the input mode to ‘1’.
Figure 1.10.3 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P2i to P5 i
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.10.2 Registers Associated with I/O Pins
Figure 1.10.4 shows the memory map of the registers associated with I/O pins.
00C016 Port P0 register (P0)
00C116 Port P0 direction register (P0D)
00C216 Port P1 register (P1)
00C316 Port P1 direction register (P1D)
00C416 Port P2 register (P2)
00C516
00C616 Port P3 register (P3)
00C716
00C816 Port P4 register (P4)
00C916 Port P4 direction register (P4D)
00CA16 Port P5 register (P5)
00CB16 Port P5 direction register (P5D)
(Note)
00D016 Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON)
00D116 Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON)
00D216 Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON)
Note: These registers are not allocated in the 7480 Group.
Figure 1.10.4 Memory Map of Registers Associated with I/O Pins
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
(1) Port Pi Registers (i = 0 to 5)
Each port register can read the states of the port pins and specify the output levels of them.
Pin used for input (Ports P0 to P5)
• A read: When reading from port register corresponding to each port, the input value (state of the
pin) is read; the contents of port latch is not read.
• A write: When writing to port register corresponding to each port, data is written only into the port
latch; the state of the pin is unaffected.
Pin used for output (Ports P0, P1, P4, and P5)
• A read: When reading from port register corresponding to each port, the written value into the port
latch is read; the state of the pin is not read. Therefore, even if the output voltage is
affected by the external load etc., the last output value can correctly be read.
• A write: When writing to port register corresponding to each port, data written into a bit of the port
register can be output to the external circuit through the output transistor.
Note: The 7480 Group does not have port P5 and, consequently, is not provided with the port P5
register.
Figure 1.10.5 shows the port Pi registers (i = 0 to 5).
Port Pi (i=0 to 5)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port Pi (Pi, i=0 to 5) [Addresses 00C016,00C216,00C416,00C616,00C816,00CA16]
b
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Function
When used as input ports (Ports P0 to P5)
• At reading, input level of pin is read.
• At writing, writing to port latch is performed and
the pin state is not affected.
When used as output ports (Ports P0, P1, P4, P5)
• At reading, the last written value into the port latch is
read.
• At writing, the written value is output externally through
a transistor.
7
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
Undefined
O
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
Undefined
O
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Note: • In the 7480 Group, port P2 has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented. (undefined at reading).
• Port P3 has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented (‘0’ at reading).
• In the 7480 Group, port P4 has only bits 0 and 1. In the 7481 Group, port P4 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented. (bits 4 to 7: ‘0’ at reading, bits 2 and 3 in the 7480 Group: undefined).
• The 7480 Group does not have port P5. In the 7481 Group, port P5 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented. (‘0’ at reading).
Figure 1.10.5 Port Pi Registers (i = 0 to 5)
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
(2) Port Pi Direction Registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5)
These registers switch the input and output of the programmable I/O port pins P0 0 –P07, P1 0–P17,
P40–P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3.
Note: The 7480 Group does not have port P5 and, consequently, is not provided with the port P5
direction register.
Figure 1.10.6 shows the port Pi direction registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5).
Port Pi direction register (i=0,1,4,5)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port Pi direction register (PiD, i=0,1,4,5) [Addresses 00C116,00C316,00C916,00CB16]
At reset
R
W
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
1
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
2
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
3
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
4
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
5
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
6
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
7
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
b
0
Name
Port Pi direction register (Note)
Function
Note: • In the 7480 Group, port P4 direction register has only bits 0 and 1. In the 7481 Group, port P4 direction register
has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented (bits 4 to 7: ‘0’ at reading, bits 2 and 3 in the 7480 Group:
undefined).
• The 7480 Group does not have port P5 direction register. In the 7481 Group, port P5 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented (‘0’ at reading).
Figure 1.10.6 Port Pi Direction Registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5)
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
(3) Port Pi Pull-up Control Registers (i = 0, 1)
When any pin of ports P0 and P1 is used for input, the corresponding bit of the port Pi pull-up control
register controls the pull-up of the pin.
Pull-up control is performed by the ON/OFF switch of a pull-up transistor. Pull-up control is valid only
when the pin is used for input and invalid when used for output or serial I/O.
Note: Port P1 controls the pull-up of high- or low-order four bits at one time. Even if only port P10
pin is pulled high, for example, port pins P1 1–P13 are also pulled high simultaneously.
Figures 1.10.7 and 1.10.8 show the port P0 and the port P1 pull-up control registers.
Port P0 pull-up control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON) [Address 00D016]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
O
0
P00 pull-up control bit
0 : P00 No pull-up
1 : P00 Pull-up
0
O
1
P01 pull-up control bit
0 : P01 No pull-up
1 : P01 Pull-up
0
O
O
2
P02 pull-up control bit
0 : P02 No pull-up
1 : P02 Pull-up
0
O
O
3
P03 pull-up control bit
0 : P03 No pull-up
1 : P03 Pull-up
0
O
O
4
P04 pull-up control bit
0 : P04 No pull-up
1 : P04 Pull-up
0
O
O
5
P05 pull-up control bit
0 : P05 No pull-up
1 : P05 Pull-up
0
O
O
6
P06 pull-up control bit
0 : P06 No pull-up
1 : P06 Pull-up
0
O
O
7
P07 pull-up control bit
0 : P07 No pull-up
1 : P07 Pull-up
0
O
O
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding port is set to the input mode.
Figure 1.10.7 Port P0 Pull-up Control Register
Port P1 pull-up control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON) [Address 00D116]
b
Name
At reset
R
W
0 : P10–P13 No pull-up
1 : P10–P13 Pull-up
0
O
O
0 : P14–P17 No pull-up
1 : P14–P17 Pull-up
0
O
O
Function
0
P13–P10 pull-up
control bit
1
P17–P14 pull-up
control bit
2
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
×
×
4
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
6
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
Undefined
Undefined
3
×
×
×
Note: Pull-up control is valid only when the corresponding port is set to the input mode.
When port pins P15–P17 are used as serial I/O pins, pull-up control of
the corresponding port pins is invalid.
Figure 1.10.8 Port P1 Pull-up Control Register
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
(4) Port P4P5 Input Control Register
When port pins P42, P43, and P50–P53 of the 7481 Group are used as input ports, set the corresponding
bits of the port P4P5 input control register to ‘1’.
Note: The 7480 Group does not have port pins P42, P43, and P50–P53; therefore, set the port P4P5
input control register to ‘0016 ’.
Figure 1.10.9 shows the port P4P5 input control register.
Port P4P5 input control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON) [Address 00D216]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
P42, P43 input control bit
When the P42, P43 are used as
the input port, set this bit to ‘1’.
0
O
O
1
P5 input control bit
When the P5 is used as the input
port, set this bit to ‘1’.
0
O
O
2
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
0
0
×
0
6
0
0
×
×
7
0
0
×
3
4
5
Note: 7480 Group does not have port pins P42, P43 and P5, so set this register to ‘0016’.
Figure 1.10.9 Port P4P5 Input Control Register
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.10.3 I/O Ports
(1) Writes to and Reads from I/O Port Pins
Pin used for input (Ports P0 to P5)
• A read: When reading from port register corresponding to each port, the input value (state of the
pin) is read; the contents of port latch is not read.
• A write: When writing to port register corresponding to each port, data is written only into the port
latch; the state of the pin is unaffected.
Pin used for output (Ports P0, P1, P4, and P5)
• A read: When reading from port register corresponding to each port, the written value into the port
latch is read; the state of the pin is not read. Therefore, even if the output voltage is
affected by the external load etc., the last output value can correctly be read.
• A write: When writing to port register corresponding to each port, data written into a bit of the port
register can be output to the external circuit through the output transistor.
Figure 1.10.10 shows a write and a read of an I/O port pin.
Pins used for input
Pins used for output
• By reading from port register, input level of pin
can be read.
• By writing to port register, writing to port latch is
performed.
• By reading from port register, port latch can be read.
• By writing to port register, output value can be set.
‘H’ level output
Port direction
register
(‘0’) (Note)
Port direction
register
(‘1’)
Port register
(When Writing)
Port register
(When Writing)
Port register
(When Reading)
Port register
(When Reading)
‘L’ level output
Note: The P-channel transistor and the N-channel transistor are in a cut-off state.
Figure 1.10.10 Write and Read of I/O Port Pin
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HARDWARE
1.10 Input/Output Pins
(2) Switching of Programmable I/O Port Pins
Any pin of the programmable I/O ports P0, P1, P4, and P5 can be switched from input to output or
from output to input with the corresponding bit of their port direction registers.
• The pin is set to the input mode when the corresponding bit is ‘0’.
• The pin is set to the output mode when the corresponding bit is ‘1’.
Notes 1: In the 7480 Group, port P4 contains pins P40 and P41 only, while in the 7481 Group, port
P4 contains pins P40–P4 3. In addition, the 7480 Group does not have port P5, while the
7481 Group has port P5, consisting of P5 0 –P53.
2: After system is released from reset, all of the programmable I/O port pins are set to the
input mode. (The corresponding direction registers are cleared to all ‘0’.)
3: When any of port pins P4 2 , P4 3 , and P5 0 –P5 3 is used as an input port pin, clear the
corresponding bit of the port P4 and P5 direction registers to ‘0’. In addition, set the
corresponding input control bit of the port P4P5 input control register to ‘1’.
The 7480 Group does not have port pins P42 , P4 3, and P50–P5 3 ; therefore, set the port
P4P5 input control register to ‘0016 ’.
(3) Pull-up Control
When any pin of ports P0 and P1 is used as an input port pin, its pull-up can be controlled with the
corresponding bit of the port P0 and P1 pull-up control registers.
• A port pin is not pulled high when the corresponding bit is ‘0’.
• A port pin is pulled high when the corresponding bit is ‘1’.
Pull-up control is performed by the ON/OFF switch of a pull-up transistor. Pull-up control is valid only
when the pin is used for input and invalid when used for output or serial I/O.
Note: Port P0 controls the pull-up by the bit at one time. Port P1, however, controls the pull-up of
the high- or low-order four bits at one time. Even if only port P10 pin is pulled high, for
example, port pins P11 –P13 are also pulled high simultaneously.
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1.10 Input/Output Pins
(4) Level Shift Ports
Every pin of ports P4 and P5 acts as an N-channel open-drain output and is provided with a builtin clamping diode.
When voltage V I is applied to a pin through a resistor as shown in Figure 1.10.11, and the current
I flowing in a clamping diode is 1 mA or less, the condition V I > V CC can be maintained.
VI
I
Port P4
Port P5
7480 Group
7481 Group
Figure 1.10.11 Port P4 and P5 Circuit
Notes 1: In the 7480 Group, port P4 contains pins P40 and P41 only, while in the 7481 Group, port
P4 contains pins P4 0–P43 . In addition, the 7480 Group does not have port P5, while the
7481 Group has port P5, consisting of P50–P5 3.
2: Total Input Current
It is required to keep the current flowing to the clamping diodes of port P4 or P5 equal to
or less than 1.0 mA a pin; a current which is too large for the microcomputer can handle
will raise the voltage on the power source pin. To protect the device, use an appropriate
power circuit to stabilize the power source voltage within specifications.
3: Maximum Input Voltage
If the input signal voltage to port P4 or P5 exceeds V CC + 0.3 V, a delay time of 2 µs/V
or more is necessary immediately after the input waveform exceeds the above voltage.
Delay time can be calculated by the following expression in CR integrating circuits.
dt =
t ∗1
dv
0.6 × VIN∗2
≥ 2 × 10– 6 [s/V]
∗1: Delay time t = C × R
∗2: V IN = maximum amplitude difference of input voltage
4: Clamping diodes used in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group differ from the normal switching
diodes. These clamping diodes are used only for the DC signal level shifts. Therefore,
sudden stress, such as a rush current must not be applied directly to the diodes.
(5) Ports with Built-in Schmidt Trigger Circuits
A Schmidt trigger circuit is built into every pin of ports P3, P4, and P5 of the 7481 Group.
When any of port pins P42, P43, and P50–P5 3 is used as an input port pin, clear the corresponding
bit of the port P4 and P5 direction registers to ‘0’. In addition, set the corresponding input control bit
of the port P4P5 input control register to ‘1’.
Note: The 7480 Group does not have pins P42, P43, and P50–P53; therefore, set the port P4P5 input
control register to ‘00 16’.
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1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.10.4 Termination of Unused Pins
Table 1.10.1 lists the termination of unused pins.
Table 1.10.1 Termination of Unused Pins
Termination
Pull-down to VSS through Connect to Connect to
VSS
a resistor (Note 1)
VCC
Open
Pull-up to V CC through
a resistor (Note 1)
O (Note 2)
O (Note 3)
O (Note 4)
×
×
P1 4, P1 6
O (Note 5)
O (Note 3)
O (Note 4)
×
×
P2 (Note 8)
O (Note 2)
×
O (Note 6)
O (Note 6)
O (Note 6)
O (Note 5)
O (Note 3)
O (Note 7)
×
×
AVSS (Note 9)
×
×
×
×
O
VREF
×
O
×
×
×
O
×
×
×
×
Port
P0
P1 0–P13
P1 5, P1 7
P3
P4, P5
(Note 8)
XOUT
O (Note 6)
O (Note 6) O (Note 6)
O (Note 6) O (Note 6)
Notes 1: Do not connect several pins of programmable I/O ports together to VCC or VSS through a resistor.
2: Every pin that is allowed to be open when unused has a special circuit structure which prevents
currents from flowing into the circuit unless the input to read signal is performed internally, even
if an intermediate level input is applied to the pin.
3: When these pins are pulled high, set the corresponding bits of port direction registers, port
registers and port P4P5 input control register so that each pin is in the input mode or output is
HIGH.
4: When these pins are pulled low, set the corresponding bits of port direction registers, pull-up
control registers, port registers so that each pin can be set to the input mode without pull-up
transistor or in the output is LOW.
5: Set these pins to the output mode and keep them open.
However, these I/O pins retain the input mode until the pins are switched to the output mode by
software after the microcomputer is released from reset. Therefore, the power source current may
increase depending on the input level of each pin.
Since their port direction registers might be switched into the input mode by program runaway or
noise, periodically set the port direction registers to the output mode by software.
6: A short wire can be used to directly connect any unused pin to the VCC or V SS pin without a
resistor, but a long wire must connect it through a resistor. Since the P33 pin of the built-in PROM
version has the alternative function of the VPP pin, connect the P33 pin to V CC or V SS with the
shortest wire through a resistor (about 5 kΩ), in series.
7: When these pins are pulled low, set the corresponding bits of port direction registers, port
registers and port P4P5 input control register so that each pin is in the input mode or output is
LOW.
8: The 7480 Group does not have port pins P24 –P2 7, P4 2 , P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3.
9: The AV SS pin is dedicated to the 44P6N-A package products in the 7481 Group.
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1.10 Input/Output Pins
1.10.5 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when the I/O ports are used.
(1) Rewriting to Port Register of I/O Port
Rewriting to the port register of an I/O port with a bit manipulation instruction ∗1 may affect the values
of the bits not specified.
∗1: ‘Bit manipulation instructions’: the CLB and SEB instructions
REASON: The bit manipulation instructions are read-modify-write instructions. These instructions
read and write data by the byte. Therefore when these instructions are executed for any
one bit of the port register of an I/O port, the following processing is performed to all of
the bits of the register:
• For bits that are set to the input mode, the states of the corresponding pins are read
into the CPU, and after the bit manipulation, the bits of the port register are rewritten.
• For bits that are set to the output mode, the values of the port latches are read into the
CPU, and after the bit manipulation, the bits of the port register are rewritten.
Pay attention also to the following:
• Even if a port pin set to the output mode is switched to the input mode, output data is
retained in the port register.
• When the state of a port pin and the content of the corresponding bit of the port register
are different, the content of the bit of the port register set to the input mode may be
affected even if this bit is not specified by a bit manipulation instruction.
(2) Pull-up Control of Ports P0 and P1
When any of pins P15–P17 is used as a serial I/O pin, the pull-up control of the pin is invalid. (The
pin cannot be pulled high.)
For details, refer to Figure 1.10.2 Block Diagram of Port Pins P14–P1 7.
When any pin of ports P0 and P1 is used as an output port pin, the pull-up control of the pin is
invalid. (The pin cannot be pulled high.)
For details, refer to Figure 1.10.1 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P0i and P10–P13 and Figure1.10.2
Block Diagram of Port Pins P14 –P17.
Port P1 controls pull-up the high- or low-order four bits at one time. Even if only port P10 pin is
pulled high, for example, port pins P11–P13 are pulled high simultaneously.
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1.10 Input/Output Pins
(3) Transition to Standby State (Note)
At the transition to the standby state, do not leave the input levels of input port pins and I/O port pins
undefined (especially pins P1 4, P1 6, P3, P4, and P5). In an N-channel open-drain I/O pin, when the
corresponding bit of the port register is ‘1’, its transistor remains in an off state even if the pin is set
to output mode with the port direction register. As a result, the pin goes to a high impedance state,
causing the level of the pin to be undefined depending on the external circuit. In such a case, a
through current flows to the gate of the input stage, so that the power source current may increase.
Note: The standby state means the following:
The stop mode by an execution of the STP instruction
The wait mode by an execution of the WIT instruction.
Actual Example
Pull a pin high (connect to VCC) or low (connect to V SS) through a resistor.
Choose a resistor taking the following into consideration:
• External circuit condition
• Variation of output levels at normal operation
Also, take account of the variation of current when pull-up transistors of ports P0 and P1 are used.
(4) Usage of Pins P1 2, P13 , P40, and P4 1 as Normal Output Pins
Pins P12 and P13 have the alternative functions of the 8-bit timer output pins T0 and T1 respectively.
Pins P4 0 and P4 1 also have the alternative functions of 16-bit timer I/O pins CNTR 0 and CNTR 1
respectively. When the operating mode bits of the corresponding timer are set to any mode related
to output (Note), these pins cannot operate as normal output pins. Refer to Figure 1.10.1 Block
Diagrams of Port Pins P0 i and P1 0–P1 3 and Figure 1.10.3 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P2 i to
P5 i.
Note: Modes related to output:
For 8-bit timers (timer 1 and timer 2):
• Programmable waveform generation mode
For 16-bit timers (timer X and timer Y):
• Pulse output mode
• Programmable waveform generation mode
• Programmable one-shot output mode
• PWM mode
(5) Usage of Port Pins P4 2, P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3 as Input Ports
When any of port pins P42, P43, and P50–P53 of the 7481 Group are used as an input port pin, clear
the corresponding bit of the port P4 and P5 direction registers to ‘0’, and set the corresponding input
control bit of the port P4P5 input control register to ‘1’.
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11 Interrupts
The interrupt function is used to suspend the routine being executed by any interrupt source and to execute
another routine. An interrupt is used in the following cases:
• When processing of a higher priority than the routine being executed is requested.
• When processing is requested to be performed according to a special timing.
Table 1.11.1 lists the interrupt sources available in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Table 1.11.1 Interrupt Sources
Priority
Order
Interrupt Source
1
Reset (Note 1)
2
INT0
3
INT1
Key-on Wakeup
Vector Address
Comments
High-order Low-order
FFFF16
FFFE16
Non-maskable (Note 2)
FFFD 16
FFFC16
External interrupt (Polarity programmable)
FFFB 16
FFFA16
FFF816
4
CNTR0
5
6
CNTR1
FFF916
FFF716
Timer X
7
8
External interrupt (Polarity programmable)
External interrupt
External interrupt (Polarity programmable)
External interrupt (Polarity programmable)
FFF516
FFF616
FFF416
Timer Y
FFF316
FFF216
Internal interrupt
Timer 1
FFF116
FFF016
Internal interrupt
9
Timer 2
FFEF 16
FFEE16
10
Serial I/O Receive
Serial I/O Transmit
FFED16
FFEB 16
FFEC16
Internal interrupt
Internal interrupt
Bus arbitration
FFE916
11
12
FFEA16
FFE816
Internal interrupt
Internal interrupt
Internal interrupt
FFE616
Internal interrupt
A-D conversion complete FFE716
FFE516
FFE416
Non-maskable software interrupt
14
BRK instruction
Notes 1: Reset is included in the above table, as well, because it performs the same operation as interrupts.
2: ‘Non-maskable interrupt’:
this is the interrupt not having the corresponding interrupt request bit and interrupt enable bit. This
interrupt request is accepted regardless of the state of the interrupt disable flag.
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.1 Block Diagram
Figure 1.11.1 shows the block diagram of the interrupt inputs and the key-on wakeup circuit.
P40/CNTR0
Port P40 data read circuit
CNTR0 interrupt request signal
‘0’
‘1’ CNTR0 edge selection bit
P41/CNTR1
Port P41 data read circuit
CNTR1 interrupt request signal
‘0’
‘1’
CNTR1 edge selection bit
P30/INT0
Port P30 data read circuit
INT0 interrupt request signal
‘0’
‘1’
INT0 edge selection bit
P31/INT1
‘0’
‘1’ INT1 edge selection bit
CPU stop state signal
P07
Port P31 data read circuit
‘0’
INT1 interrupt request signal
‘1’ INT1 source selection
bit at STP, WIT
Pull-up control register
Port direction register
Pull-up control
register
Port direction
register
P01
Port P0 data read circuit
Pull-up control
register
Port direction
register
P00
Figure 1.11.1 Block Diagram of Interrupt Inputs and Key-On Wakeup Circuit
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.2 Registers Associated with Interrupt Control
Figure 1.11.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with interrupt control.
00D416
Edge polarity selection register (EG)
00FC16
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1)
00FD16
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2)
00FE16
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)
00FF16
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2)
Figure 1.11.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Interrupt Control
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1.11 Interrupts
(1) Edge Polarity Selection Register
The edge polarity selection register consists of the bits that select the polarity of the valid edge of
the INT and CNTR pins, as well as the bit that selects the valid/invalid of the key-on wakeup.
Figure 1.11.3 shows the edge polarity selection register.
Edge polarity selection register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
b
Function
At reset
R
W
0
INT0 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0
O
O
1
INT1 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
2
CNTR0 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
3
CNTR1 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0: In event count mode, rising edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at HIGH level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from falling edge until falling edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
HIGH-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot HIGH pulse generated after
operation started at LOW level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
falling edge.
1: In event count mode, falling edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at LOW level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from rising edge until rising edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
LOW-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot LOW pulse generated after
operation started at HIGH level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
rising edge.
0
O
O
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
0 : P31/INT1
INT1 source
selection bit at 1 : P00–P07 LOW level
(for key-on wake-up)
STP or WIT
0
O
O
6
Not implemented. Writing to these bits are disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
Name
Note: When setting bits 0 to 3, the interrupt request bit may be set to ‘1’.
After setting the following, enable the interrupt.
➀ Disable interrupts
➁ Set the edge polarity selection register
➂ Set the interrupt request bit to ‘0’
Figure 1.11.3 Edge Polarity Selection Register
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1.11 Interrupts
(2) Interrupt Request Register 1 and Interrupt Request Register 2
Interrupt request registers 1 and 2 consist of the bits that indicate whether or not there is an interrupt
request.
Figures 1.11.4 and 1.11.5 show the interrupt request registers 1 and 2.
Interrupt request register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
Timer X interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
1
Timer Y interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
2
Timer 1 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
3
Timer 2 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
4
Serial I/O receive
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
5
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
6
Bus arbitration interrupt
request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
7
A-D conversion completion
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Figure 1.11.4 Interrupt Request Register 1
Interrupt request register 2
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) [Address 00FD16]
At reset
R
W
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
2
CNTR0 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
3
CNTR1 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
4
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
b
Name
0
INT0 interrupt request bit
1
INT1 interrupt request bit
5
6
Function
7
×
×
×
×
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Figure 1.11.5 Interrupt Request Register 2
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1.11 Interrupts
(3) Interrupt Control Register 1 and Interrupt Control Register 2
Interrupt control registers 1 and 2 consist of the bits that control the acceptance of interrupts.
Figures 1.11.6 and 1.11.7 show the interrupt control registers 1 and 2.
Interrupt control register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
At reset
R
W
0
Timer X interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
1
Timer Y interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
2
Timer 1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
3
Timer 2 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
4
Serial I/O receive
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
5
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
6
Bus arbitration interrupt
enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
7
A-D conversion completion
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
b
Name
Function
Figure 1.11.6 Interrupt Control Register 1
Interrupt control register 2
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) [Address 00FF16]
b
Name
At reset
R
W
0
INT0 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
1
INT1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
2
CNTR0 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
3
CNTR1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
4
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits are disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
5
Function
6
7
Figure 1.11.7 Interrupt Control Register 2
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.3 Interrupt Sources
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, the interrupt requests can be generated by 14 sources (5 external,
8 internal, and 1 software).
The interrupts are vectored interrupts whose priority levels are fixed, and each interrupt has its own priority
level. When two or more interrupt requests are generated at the same sampling time, which is a timing to
test the generation of interrupt requests, the interrupt with a higher priority is acceptable.
For the priority levels of interrupts, refer to Table 1.11.1 Interrupt Sources.
Each interrupt source is described below.
(1) INT 0 and INT 1 Interrupts
When a rising edge or a falling edge of the input signal to the INT0 or INT 1 pin is detected, an
interrupt request is generated.
The edge polarity to be detected can be selected by the INT 0 edge selection bit or the INT 1 edge
selection bit of the edge polarity selection register.
The request bit, the enable bit, and the interrupt vector of the INT 1 interrupt have the alternative
functions of those of the key-on wakeup interrupt respectively. When the INT1 interrupt is used, clear
the INT 1 source selection bit at the STP/WIT of the edge polarity selection register to ‘0’.
• State after system is released from reset
After system is released from reset, the INT 0 edge selection bit, INT1 edge selection bit and the
INT 1 source selection bit at the STP/WIT of the edge polarity selection register are all cleared to
‘0’.
In such conditions, though an interrupt request is generated by detecting a falling edge of the INT0
or INT 1 pin, the interrupt request cannot be accepted because the corresponding interrupt enable
bit is ‘0’ and the interrupt disable flag is ‘1’.
Notes 1: The INT 0 and INT 1 pins have the alternative functions of input port pins P30 and P3 1,
respectively. When these pins are used as input port pins, valid edges can still be detected
because the 7480 Group and 7481 Group does not have the function to switch the INT pins
to input port pins. Therefore, when these pins are used as input port pins, clear all the
corresponding interrupt enable bits to ‘0’ (disabled).
2: Keep the trigger width input to the INT pins 250 ns or more.
(2) Key-On Wakeup Interrupt
When the INT 1 source selection bit at the STP/WIT of the edge polarity selection register is ‘1’ and
the LOW level is applied to any pin of port P0 which is used as input in the stop/wait mode at the
execution of STP/WIT, a key-on wakeup interrupt request is generated. In other states than the stop/
wait mode, the key-on wakeup interrupt is invalid.
The request bit, the enable bit, and the interrupt vector of the key-on wakeup interrupt have the
alternative functions of those of the INT 1 interrupt respectively. When the key-on wakeup interrupt
is used, set the INT1 source selection bit at the STP/WIT of the edge polarity selection register to
‘1’.
Note: When the key-on wakeup interrupt is used, execute the STP/WIT instruction after all inputs to
port P0 are held HIGH. If the LOW level is applied to any input pin of port P0, an execution
of the STP/WIT instruction generates an interrupt request instantly.
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1.11 Interrupts
(3) CNTR 0 and CNTR 1 Interrupts
When a rising edge or a falling edge of the input signal to the CNTR 0 or the CNTR 1 pin is detected,
an interrupt request is generated. The edge polarity to be detected can be selected by the CNTR 0
edge selection bit or the CNTR1 edge selection bit of the edge polarity selection register.
• State after system is released from reset
After system is released from reset, the port pins with the alternative functions of CNTR pins are
placed in the input mode, and their edge selection bits are held all ‘0’ also. In such conditions,
though an interrupt request is generated by detecting a falling edge of the CNTR 0 or CNTR 1 pin,
the interrupt request cannot be accepted because the corresponding interrupt enable bit is ‘0’ and
the interrupt disable flag is ‘1’.
Note: The CNTR 0 and CNTR 1 pins have the alternative functions of I/O port pins P40 and P4 1 ,
respectively. When these pins are used as input port pins, valid edges can still be detected
because the 7480 Group and 7481 Group does not have the function to switch the CNTR pins
to input port pins. Therefore, when these pins are used as input port pins, clear all the
corresponding interrupt enable bits to ‘0’ (disabled).
(4) Timer X, Timer Y, Timer 1, and Timer 2 Interrupts
At an underflow in each timer, the corresponding interrupt request is generated.
For timer X and timer Y, refer to Section 1.12 Timer X and Timer Y, and for timer 1 and timer 2,
refer to Section 1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2.
(5) Serial I/O Receive Interrupt, Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt, and Bus Arbitration Interrupt
• Serial I/O receive interrupt
During serial I/O reception, a serial I/O receive interrupt request is generated when the received
data stored completely in the receive shift register is transferred to the receive buffer register.
• Serial I/O transmit interrupt
During serial I/O transmission, a serial I/O transmit interrupt request is generated when the transmit
buffer register is emptied or the transmit shift operation is complete.
• Bus arbitration interrupt
In the bus collision detection enable state during the serial I/O communication, the mismatch of
levels between transmitter pin TxD and receiver pin RxD generates a bus arbitration interrupt
request.
The bus collision detection can be enabled by setting the bus collision detection enable bit of the
bus collision detection control register.
For serial I/O, refer to Section 1.14 Serial I/O.
(6) A-D Conversion Complete Interrupt
When A-D conversion is completed, an A-D conversion complete interrupt request is generated.
For A-D conversion, refer to Section 1.15 A-D Converter.
(7) BRK Instruction Interrupt
The BRK instruction interrupt is a non-maskable software interrupt. Program branches to the jump
address stored in the vector address when the BRK instruction is executed.
For the BRK instruction, refer to the section of the BRK instruction in SERIES 740 <SOFTWARE>
USER’S MANUAL.
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.4 Interrupt Sequence
Interrupt sequence is described below.
Generation of Interrupt Requests
When an interrupt request other than the BRK instruction interrupt is generated, the interrupt request bit
of the corresponding interrupt request register is set to ‘1’. At this time, the interrupt request is accepted
when both the following conditions are satisfied:
• The interrupt enable bit of the corresponding interrupt control register is ‘1’.
• The interrupt disable flag of the processor status register is ‘0’.
When the BRK instruction interrupt request is generated, the break flag of the processor status register
is set to ‘1’, causing the interrupt request to be accepted unconditionally.
For interrupt sources, refer to Section 1.11.3 Interrupt Sources. Also for interrupt control, refer to
Section 1.11.5 Interrupt Control.
Acceptance of Interrupt Request
When an interrupt request is accepted, the following operations are performed:
[1] Upon the completion of the instruction being executed, the processing is temporarily suspended.
[2] The contents of the program counter and the processor status register are pushed onto the stack in
the following order:
➀ High-order 8 bits of the program counter
➁ Low-order 8 bits of the program counter
➂ Processor status register
[3] The jump address (the start address of an interrupt service routine) stored in the vector address of
the accepted interrupt is set in the program counter, and the interrupt service routine is executed. At
this time, the interrupt disable flag is set to ‘1’, and multiple interrupts are disabled. Also, the corresponding
interrupt request bit is cleared to ‘0’ for any interrupt other than the BRK instruction interrupt.
[4] When the RTI instruction, which is, the last instruction of the interrupt service routine, is executed, the
contents of the program counter and the processor status register pushed onto the stack are pulled
to the corresponding register in the following order:
➀ Processor status register
➁ Low-order 8 bits of program counter
➂ High-order 8 bits of program counter
[5] The program temporarily suspended by the acceptance of the interrupt request is resumed at the
address indicated by the program counter.
Note: When the BRK instruction is executed, 2 is added to the contents of program counter, and then
the contents of the program counter are pushed onto the stack. As a result, upon return from the
BRK instruction interrupt service routine, the one byte subsequent to the BRK instruction is not
executed. Therefore, at programming, it is necessary to insert the NOP instruction immediately
after the BRK instruction.
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1.11 Interrupts
Figure 1.11.8 shows an operation when an interrupt request is accepted.
: Operation performed by software
Routine being executed
: Operation automatically performed by hardware
• • • • • •
Interrupt
request is
generated
Processing at accepting interrupt
1
M(S)←(PCH)
(S)←(S)–1
Contents of program counter
are pushed onto stack
M(S)←(PCL)
3
(S)←(S)–1
• • • • • •
M(S)←(PS)
Contents of processor status
register are pushed onto stack
(S)←(S)–1
2
Interrupt service
routine
•
•
•
Interrupt disable flag ‘0’→‘1’
Fetch the jump address stored
into vector address
RTI instruction execution
(S)←(S)+1
Contents of processor status
register are pulled from stack
(PS)←M(S)
(S)←(S)+1
(PCL)←M(S)
Contents of program counter
are pulled from stack
(S)←(S)+1
(PCH)←M(S)
2
1 Immediately after interrupt
request is accepted
S
S
XXS
PCL
PCH
b7
PS
b0
Note
b0
Note
Interrupt disable flag
Break flag
XXS
PCL
PCH
Jump address
(from vector address)
b7
PS
0
Immediately after system returns
from interrupt service routine
S
XXS–3
PCL
PCH
XXPCL
XXPCH
3
Immediately before interrupt
service routine is executed
XXPCL
XXPCH
b7
PS
1
b0
Note
Interrupt disable flag
Break flag
Stack area
Stack area
0
Interrupt disable flag
Break flag
Stack area
(S)=XXS–3
Note
(S)=XXS
XXS
XXPCL
XXPCH
0
(PS)
(PCL)
(PCH)
(S)=XXS
Note: In the case of the BRK instruction interrupt, b4 of PS is set to ‘1’.
Figure 1.11.8 Operation When Interrupt Request is Accepted
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1.11 Interrupts
Processing Before Interrupt Service Routine
When an interrupt request is accepted, the interrupt service routine is started after the following are
performed.
➀ the instruction being executed at the generation of the interrupt request is completed
➁ the pipeline postprocessing
➂ the pushing onto the stack, and vector fetch
Figure 1.11.9 shows the processing time from the interrupt generation until the execution of an interrupt
service routine, and Figure 1.11.10 shows a timing at interrupt acceptance.
Interrupt service routine starts
Interrupt request is generated
Waiting time for
pipeline
postprocessing
Main routine
0 to 16 cycles (Note)
Push onto stack
Vector fetch
2 cycles
Interrupt service
routine
5 cycles
7 to 23 cycles
(At internal system clock φ = 4 MHz, 1.75 µs to 5.75 µs)
Note: At the DIV instruction executed.
Figure 1.11.9 Processing Time from Interrupt Generation until Execution of Interrupt Service Routine
Waiting time for
pipeline
postprocessing
Push onto stack
Vector fetch
Interrupt service routine starts
φ
SYNC
R/W
Address bus
Data bus
PC
Not used
S, SPS
PCH
S-1, SPS S-2, SPS
PCL
PS
BL
AL
BH
AL, AH
AH
SYNC: CPU operation code fetch cycle
(This is an internal signal which cannot be examined from the external.)
BL, BH: Vector address of each interrupt
AL, AH: Jump address of each interrupt
SPS: ‘0016’ or ‘0116’
(when the stack page selection bit is ‘0’, SPS is ‘0016’, and when the bit is ‘1’, SPS is ‘0116’)
Figure 1.11.10 Timing at Interrupt Acceptance
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HARDWARE
1.11 Interrupts
Return from Stop/Wait Mode
When an interrupt request is accepted in the stop/wait mode, the CPU terminates these modes and
returns to the normal mode.
Table 1.11.2 lists the interrupt sources available for CPU’s return from the stop/wait mode.
Table 1.11.2 Interrupt Sources Available for CPU’s Return from Stop/Wait Mode (O:Available, ×:Not available)
Return from Wait Mode
Interrupt Source
Return from Stop Mode
O
Reset (Note 1)
O
INT0
O
O
INT1
O
Key-on Wakeup
O
O
CNTR0
O
O
O
CNTR1
O
O
Timer X
O (Note 2)
O
Timer Y
O (Note 2)
O
Timer 1
×
×
O
Serial I/O Receive
Serial I/O Transmit
O (Note 3)
O
O
O (Note 3)
O
Bus Arbitration
O (Note 3)
O
A-D Conversion Complete
×
O
BRK Instruction
×
×
Timer 2
Notes 1: Reset is included in the above table, as well, because it performs the same operation as interrupts.
2: Available in the event count mode only.
3: Available only when the external clock input (or the clock divided by 16) is used as the synchronous
clock.
For details, refer to Section 1.19 Power Saving Function.
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.5 Interrupt Control
Figure 1.11.11 shows an interrupt control diagram.
Interrupt request bit
Interrupt enable bit
Interrupt acceptance
Interrupt disable flag
BRK instruction
Reset
Figure 1.11.11 Interrupt Control Diagram
Only when all of the following conditions are satisfied, interrupts other than the BRK instruction interrupt
are accepted:
• Corresponding interrupt request bit is ‘1’ (interrupt requested).
• Corresponding interrupt enable bit is ‘1’ (interrupt enabled).
• Interrupt disable flag is ‘0’ (interrupt enabled).
The priority level of each interrupt is specified by hardware. However, processing of various priorities can
be performed under software control by using the above bits and flag.
For the interrupt priority levels, refer to Table 1.11.1 Interrupt Sources.
Interrupt Request Bits
The interrupt request bits indicate whether or not there are interrupt requests. When an interrupt request
is generated, an interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’ and informs the external that the interrupt request is
generated. After the interrupt is accepted, the interrupt request bit is automatically cleared to ‘0’.
The interrupt request bits can be cleared to ‘0’ by software, but they cannot be set to ‘1’.
Interrupt Enable Bits
The interrupt enable bits control the acceptance of interrupt requests as follows:
• When an interrupt enable bit is ‘0’, the acceptance of the corresponding interrupt request is disabled.
• When an interrupt enable bit is ‘1’, the acceptance of the corresponding interrupt request is enabled.
Interrupt Disable Flag
This flag is located in the processor status register. The flag controls the acceptance of the interrupt
requests other than the BRK instruction interrupt as follows:
• When the interrupt disable flag is ‘0’, the acceptance of interrupt request is enabled.
• When the interrupt disable flag is ‘1’, the acceptance of interrupt request is disabled.
When the program branches to the interrupt service routine, this flag is automatically set to ‘1’ and disables
multiple interrupts. When multiple interrupts are used, clear this flag to ‘0’ at the start of the interrupt
service routine.
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.6 Setting of Interrupts
Figures 1.11.12 and 1.11.13 show the setting of interrupts.
Procedure 1 Setting interrupt disable flag to ‘1’ to disable the acceptance of other interrupts during setting.
b7
b0
Processor status register (PS)
1
Interrupt disabled
Procedure 2 Setting using interrupt enable bit to ‘0’ (disabled)
b7
b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
When timer X interrupt is set, timer X interrupt is disabled.
When timer Y interrupt is set, timer Y interrupt is disabled.
When timer 1 interrupt is set, timer 1 interrupt is disabled.
When timer 2 interrupt is set, timer 2 interrupt is disabled.
When serial I/O receive interrupt is set, serial I/O receive interrupt is disabled.
When serial I/O transmit interrupt is set, serial I/O transmit interrupt is disabled.
When bus arbitration interrupt is set, bus arbitration interrupt is disabled.
When A-D conversion completion interrupt is set, A-D conversion completion interrupt is disabled.
b7
b0
0 0 0 0
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) [Address 00FF16]
When INT0 interrupt is set, INT0 interrupt is disabled.
When INT1 interrupt is set, INT1 interrupt is disabled.
When CNTR0 interrupt is set, CNTR0 interrupt is disabled.
When CNTR1 interrupt is set, CNTR1 interrupt is disabled.
Procedure 3 Setting each interrupt
• When INT interrupt, CNTR interrupt and key-on wakeup interrupt are used
1. Selection of edge polarity selection register
b7
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
INT0 edge polarity selection
INT1 edge polarity selection
CNTR0 edge polarity selection
0: Falling edge
1: Rising edge
CNTR1 edge polarity selection
INT1 source at STP and WIT selection
0 : P31/INT1
1 : P00–P07 LOW level (Key-on wakeup)
2. When CNTR interrupt and key-on wakeup interrupt are used, using port is set to input mode.
3. When key-on wakeup interrupt is used, using port pins are pulled high.
• When timer interrupt is used
1. Stop of timer count
2. Setting of each mode
3. Setting of timer (except pulse period measurement mode and pulse width measurement mode)
• When serial I/O receive interrupt, serial I/O transmit interrupt or bus arbitration interrupt are used
1. Setting of registers related to serial I/O
2. Setting of baud rate generator (only when internal clock is selected as synchronous clock)
Note: For details, refer to setting of each function.
Figure 1.11.12 Setting of Interrupts (1)
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1.11 Interrupts
Procedure 4 Setting using interrupt request bit to ‘0’ (no interrupt request)
b7
b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
When timer X interrupt is set, there is no timer X interrupt request.
When timer Y interrupt is set, there is no timer Y interrupt request.
When timer 1 interrupt is set, there is no timer 1 interrupt request.
When timer 2 interrupt is set, there is no timer 2 interrupt request.
When serial I/O receive interrupt is set, there is no serial I/O receive interrupt request.
When serial I/O transmit interrupt is set, there is no serial I/O transmit interrupt request.
When bus arbitration interrupt is set, there is no bus arbitration interrupt request.
When A-D conversion completion interrupt is set, there is no A-D conversion completion interrupt request.
b7
b0
0 0 0 0
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) [Address 00FD16]
When INT0 interrupt is set, there is no INT0 interrupt request.
When INT1 interrupt is set, there is no INT1 interrupt request.
When CNTR0 interrupt is set, there is no CNTR0 interrupt request.
When CNTR1 interrupt is set, there is no CNTR1 interrupt request.
Procedure 5 Using interrupt enable bit to ‘1’ (enabled)
b7
b0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
When timer X interrupt is set, timer X interrupt is enabled.
When timer Y interrupt is set, timer Y interrupt is enabled.
When timer 1 interrupt is set, timer 1 interrupt is enabled.
When timer 2 interrupt is set, timer 2 interrupt is enabled.
When serial I/O receive interrupt is set, serial I/O receive interrupt is enabled.
When serial I/O transmit interrupt is set, serial I/O transmit interrupt is enabled.
When bus arbitration interrupt is set, bus arbitration interrupt is enabled.
When A-D conversion completion interrupt is set, A-D conversion completion interrupt is enabled.
b7
b0
1 1 1 1
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) [Address 00FF16]
When INT0 interrupt is set, INT0 interrupt is enabled.
When INT1 interrupt is set, INT1 interrupt is enabled.
When CNTR0 interrupt is set, CNTR0 interrupt is enabled.
When CNTR1 interrupt is set, CNTR1 interrupt is enabled.
Procedure 6 Setting b2 of PS to ‘0’ when the interrupt disable flag is set to ‘1’ in procedure 1.
b7
b0
0
Processor status register (PS)
Interrupt enabled
Procedure 7 Operate the function associated with each interrupt
• When key-on wakeup interrupt is used:
System is set to enter the stop mode/wait mode with the STP/WIT instruction.
• When timer interrupt is used:
Timer count start
• When serial I/O receive interrupt, serial I/O transmit interrupt and bus arbitration interrupt are used:
Data is written to the transmit buffer register and transmit/receive start.
• When A-D conversion completion interrupt is used:
Setting A-D control register (A-D conversion start)
Note: For details, refer to setting of each function.
Figure 1.11.13 Setting of Interrupts (2)
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1.11 Interrupts
1.11.7 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when an interrupt is used.
(1) For All Interrupts
Before the execution of an interrupt, set the corresponding interrupt request bit and interrupt enable
bit in the following order:
➀ Clear the interrupt request bit to ‘0’ (no interrupt request).
➁ Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to ‘1’ (interrupt enabled).
The interrupt request bits can be changed by software, but retain the values immediately after a
rewrite instruction is executed. Therefore, the following operations must be performed after one or
more instructions at the completion of a rewrite instruction:
• Execute the BBC or BBS instruction after an interrupt request bit is changed.
• Set an interrupt enable bit to ‘1’ after an interrupt request bit is changed.
(2) For the INT and CNTR Interrupts
When edge selection bits of the edge polarity selection register are set, interrupt request bits may
become ‘1’. Therefore, set edge selection bits in the following sequence:
➀ Clear interrupt enable bit to ‘0’ (interrupt disabled).
➁ Set edge selection bit.
➂ Clear interrupt request bit to ‘0’ (no interrupt request).
➃ Execute one or more instructions (NOP etc.).
➄ Set interrupt enable bit to ‘1’ (interrupt enabled).
The INT0 , INT1, CNTR 0, and CNTR1 pins have the alternative functions of input port pins P30, P31,
I/O port pins P40, and P41 , respectively. When these pins are used as input port pins, valid edges
can still be detected because the 7480 Group and 7481 Group does not have the function to switch
the INT and CNTR pins to input port pins. Therefore, when these pins are used as input port pins,
clear all the corresponding interrupt enable bits of the INT and CNTR interrupts to ‘0’ (disabled).
Keep the trigger width input to the INT pins 250 ns or more.
(3) For the Key-On Wakeup Interrupt
When the key-on wakeup interrupt is used, execute the STP/WIT instruction after all inputs to port
P0 are held HIGH.
In states other than the stop/wait mode, the key-on wakeup interrupt is invalid.
(4) For the BRK instruction interrupt
When the BRK instruction is executed, 2 is added to the contents of program counter, and then the
contents of the program counter are pushed onto the stack. As a result, upon return from the BRK
instruction interrupt service routine, the one byte subsequent to the BRK instruction is not executed.
Therefore, at programming, it is necessary to insert the NOP instruction immediately after the BRK
instruction.
When there are two or more interrupt sources of which interrupt request bits and interrupt enable bits
are ‘1’, but the interrupt disable flag is ‘1’ (that is, in the interrupt disabled state), the execution of
the BRK instruction starts execution of the interrupt service routine at the vector address with the
highest priority level in these sources.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group have two 16-bit timers with 16-bit latches.
• Timer X
• Timer Y
Timer X or timer Y can select the following operation modes by the timer X or Y operation mode bits and
the timer X or Y count source selection bits of the timer X mode register (address 00F6 16) or the timer Y
mode register (address 00F716 ):
• Timer mode
• Event count mode
• Pulse output mode
• Pulse period measurement mode
• Pulse width measurement mode
• Programmable waveform generation mode
• Programmable one-shot output mode
• PWM mode
For details, refer to the section of each mode.
1.12.1 Block Diagram
Figure 1.12.1 shows the block diagram of timer X and timer Y.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
‘1’
P30/INT0
INT0
edge selection bit
Programmable one-shot
output circuit
‘0’
Programmable
one-shot
CNTR0 output mode Data bus
‘1’
edge selection bit
PWM mode
‘0’
Programmable
one-shot
output mode
PWM mode
PWM generation circuit
Programmable waveform
generation mode
Output level latch
D Q
Pulse output mode
T
‘001’
‘100’
‘101’
‘110’
Timer X
operating mode bits
T
Port P40
latch
Port P40
direction register
CNTR0
edge selection bit
‘1’
P40/CNTR0
SQ
‘0’
Q
‘1’
Edge detection circuit
CNTR0
interrupt request
Timer X count source
selection bits
f(XIN)/2
f(XIN)/8
f(XIN)/16
‘0’
Timer X stop control bit
P31/INT1
Timer X
interrupt request
Pulse width measurement mode
Pulse period measurement mode
‘0’
‘1’
CNTR0
Pulse output mode
edge selection bit
Timer X (low-order) latch Timer X (high-order) latch
Timer X (low-order) Timer X (high-order)
Programmable waveform generation mode
Timer X trigger selection bit
D
Q
‘1’
T
INT1
edge selection bit
Programmable one-shot
output circuit
‘0’
Programmable
one-shot
output mode
PWM mode
Programmable
one-shot
CNTR1 output mode
‘1’
edge selection bit
‘0’
PWM mode
PWM generation circuit
Programmable waveform
generation mode
Output level latch
INT1
interrupt request
D Q
T
Pulse output mode
‘001’
‘100’
‘101’
‘110’
SQ
T
Timer Y
operating mode bits
Port P41
direction register
Port P41
latch
CNTR1
edge selection bit
‘1’
P41/CNTR1
Programmable waveform generation mode
Timer Y trigger selection bit
Timer Y stop control bit
‘0’
Q
CNTR1
Pulse output mode
edge selection bit
‘0’
‘1’
Timer Y (low-order) latch Timer Y (high-order) latch
Timer Y (low-order) Timer Y (high-order)
Pulse width measurement mode
Pulse period measurement mode
Timer Y count source
selection bits
f(XIN)/2
f(XIN)/8
f(XIN)/16
‘0’
D
Q
Timer Y
interrupt request
Edge detection circuit
‘1’
T
Figure 1.12.1 Block Diagram of Timer X and Timer Y
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INT0
interrupt request
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
CNTR1
interrupt request
HARDWARE
1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.2 Registers Associated with Timer X and Timer Y
Figure 1.12.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with timer X and timer Y.
00F016
Timer X low-order (TXL)
00F116
Timer X high-order (TXH)
00F216
Timer Y low-order (TYL)
00F316
Timer Y high-order (TYH)
00F616
00F716
Timer X mode register (TXM)
Timer Y mode register (TYM)
00F816
Timer XY control register (TXYCON)
Figure 1.12.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Timer X and Timer Y
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(1) Timer X and Timer Y
These are the 16-bit registers that count the count sources.
• When the timer X or Y write control bit of the timer X or Y mode register is;
‘0’: data is written to the timer and the timer latch (Note), and
‘1’: data is written to the timer latch only.
• In the pulse width measurement mode or the pulse period measurement mode, a read from the
timer receives the contents of the timer latch.
In the other modes, it receives the contents of the timer.
Note: The timer latches are the registers that hold the initial values automatically reloaded to the
timers when they underflow, and they hold the measured values of pulse periods or widths.
The timer latches cannot directly be read.
Figures 1.12.3 and 1.12.4 show the timer X and timer Y.
Timer X (Timer X latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X (high-order) (TXH) [Address 00F116]
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X (low-order) (TXL) [Address 00F016]
b
Function
At reset
R
0
The low-order count value of
timer X is indicated.
1
O
1
O
O
1
2
3
1
1
4
1
5
6
1
1
7
1
b
0
1
O
W
Note 1
O
O
O
O
Function
At reset
R
The high-order count value of
timer X is indicated.
1
O
1
O
O
2
3
1
1
4
5
1
O
O
6
1
1
O
O
7
1
O
W
Note 1
Notes 1: Do not write to these bits in pulse period measurement mode or pulse width measurement mode.
2: When b3 of timer X mode register is ‘0’, writing to latch and timer is simultaneously
performed. When b3 is ‘1’, writing to only latch is performed.
3: When reading/writing from/to timer X, read/write from/to both high-order and low-order
bytes. At reading, read the high-order byte and the low-order byte in this order.
At writing, write the low-order byte and the high-order byte in this order.
Figure 1.12.3 Timer X
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Timer Y (Timer Y latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y (high-order) (TYH) [Address 00F316]
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y (low-order) (TYL) [Address 00F216]
b
Function
At reset
R
0
1
The low-order count value of
timer Y is indicated.
1
1
O
O
O
2
1
3
4
1
1
5
1
O
O
6
7
1
1
O
O
b
0
1
Function
The high-order count value of
timer Y is indicated.
W
O
At reset
R
1
1
O
2
1
O
O
3
4
1
1
O
O
5
1
O
6
7
1
1
O
O
Note 1
W
Note 1
Notes 1: Do not write to these bits in pulse period measurement mode or pulse width measurement mode.
2: When b3 of timer Y mode register is ‘0’, writing to latch and timer is simultaneously
performed. When b3 is ‘1’, writing to only latch is performed.
3: When reading/writing from/to timer Y, read/write from/to both high-order and low-order bytes.
At reading, read the high-order byte and the low-order byte in this order.
At writing, write the low-order byte and the high-order byte in this order.
Figure 1.12.4 Timer Y
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HARDWARE
1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Timer X Mode Register, Timer Y Mode Register, and Timer XY Control Register
These registers consist of the bits controlling the operations of timer X and timer Y.
Figures 1.12.5, 1.12.6, and 1.12.7 show the timer X mode register, timer Y mode register, and timer
XY control register respectively.
Timer X mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
b
0
Name
Timer X operating mode bits
1
2
Function
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 : Timer • event count mode
0 0 1 : Pulse output mode
0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode
0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode
1 0 0 : Programmable waveform
generation mode
1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot output
mode
1 1 0 : PWM mode
1 1 1 : Not available
R
W
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
3
Timer X write control bit
0 : Writing to both latch and timer
1 : Writing to latch only
0
O
O
4
Output level latch
0 : LOW output from CNTR0 pin
1 : HIGH output from CNTR0 pin
0
O
O
5
Timer X trigger selection bit
0 : Timer X free run in programmable
waveform generation mode
1 : Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT0
pin) and timer X start in programmable
waveform generation mode
0
O
O
6
Timer X count source
selection bits
b7 b6
0
O
O
0
O
O
7
0 0 : f(XIN)/2
0 1 : f(XIN)/8
1 0 : f(XIN)/16
1 1 : Input from CNTR0 pin
Figure 1.12.5 Timer X Mode Register
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Timer Y mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
b
Function
At reset
R
W
0 0 0 : Timer • event count mode
0 0 1 : Pulse output mode
0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode
0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode
1 0 0 : Programmable waveform
generation mode
1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot
output mode
1 1 0 : PWM mode
1 1 1 : Not available
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
Name
b2 b1 b0
0
Timer Y operating mode bits
1
2
3
Timer Y write control bit 0 : Writing to both latch and timer
1 : Writing to latch only
4
Output level latch
0 : LOW output from CNTR1 pin
1 : HIGH output from CNTR1 pin
0
O
O
5
Timer Y trigger selection bit
0 : Timer Y free run in programmable
waveform generation mode
1 : Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT1
pin) and timer Y start in programmable
waveform generation mode
0
O
O
6
Timer Y count source
selection bits
b7 b6
0
O
O
0
O
O
7
0 0 : f(XIN)/2
0 1 : f(XIN)/8
1 0 : f(XIN)/16
1 1 : Input from CNTR1 pin
Figure 1.12.6 Timer Y Mode Register
Timer XY control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
At reset
R
W
0
Timer X stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
1
O
O
1
Timer Y stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
1
O
O
2
3
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
7
0
0
b
Name
Function
0
×
×
×
×
×
×
Figure 1.12.7 Timer XY Control Register
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.3 Basic Operations of Timer X and Timer Y
Basic operations of timer X and timer Y are described below.
For details, refer to (1) Operations of each mode.
Count Sources
Timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources with the timer X or Y count source selection bits
of the timer X or Y mode register:
• f(X IN)/2
• f(X IN)/8
• f(X IN)/16
• CNTR 0 or CNTR 1 pin input (in event count mode only).
Note: In the event count mode, the inverted signal of input to a CNTR pin is used as the count source when
a CNTR edge selection bit of the edge polarity selection register is ‘1’.
Writes to and Reads from Timers
Write to and read from each timer two bytes together in the following order:
• Write: ➀ low-order byte ➁ high-order byte
• Read: ➀ high-order byte ➁ low-order byte
Note: When a read from and a write into the same timer are executed during an interrupt service routine
etc., the normal operation cannot be performed.
Writes to timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit of the timer X or Y mode
register:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer.
Notes 1: A write to an operating timer causes the contents of the timer to be affected, so that the
time from the last underflow until the next underflow is undefined.
2: A write to the low-order byte of an operating timer allows the timer to continue counting
down until the next write to the high-order byte.
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only.
Notes 1: A write to a stopped timer causes the contents of the timer not to be affected and allows
the timer to count down from the value prior to the write. Therefore, the time from the start
of count down until the first underflow is undefined.
2: If a write and an underflow occur at approximately the same time in an operating timer, the
reloaded value may be undefined.
Reads from timers
The contents of a timer can be read by a read operation; however, the contents of the timer latch
(measured value) are read in the pulse period measurement mode or the pulse width measurement
mode.
Note: When the high-order byte of an operating timer is read, the low-order byte is set in the latch
for reading. Therefore, the read value of the low-order byte retains the value at the time the
high-order byte is being read.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Count Operation
The count operation (start/stop) of timer X or timer Y is controlled by the timer X or Y stop control bit of
the timer XY control register as follows:
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘0’, the timer starts counting.
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the count
source.
The timer X or Y stop control bit is recognized during the HIGH time of the count source. When the count
has stopped, the count source cannot be accepted.
In the PWM mode, the high- and the low-order bytes of timer X or Y counts down each as an 8-bit timer.
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising edge
of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer.
In the pulse period measurement mode or the pulse width measurement mode, when a timer reaches
‘000016 ’, an underflow occurs and a timer wraps around to ‘FFFF16’ at the subsequent rising edge of the
count source.
In the PWM mode, the high- and the low-order byte of a timer count down each as an 8-bit timer. When
either the high- or the low-order byte of the timer becomes ‘0116’, an underflow occurs at the subsequent
rising edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer.
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is set to ‘1’; then a
timer interrupt request is generated.
Table 1.12.1 lists the relation between timer count periods and values set to timer X and timer Y.
Table 1.12.1 Relation between Timer Count Periods and Values Set to Timer X and Timer Y
Clock Input
f(X IN)/8
(2 µs)
High- Loworder order
f(X IN)/16
(4 µ s)
High- Loworder order
07 16
CF 16
01 16
F316
0016
F916
0716
CF 16
0316
E716
0F16
9F16
03 16
E7 16
0116
F316
1F16
13 16
8716
0916
C3 16
27 16
0F16
09 16
C316
0416
E116
3F16
2716
0F16
1316
87 16
4E16
1F16
13 16
8716
0916
C3 16
4F16
6116
61 16
C3 16
A7 16
4F16
3016
6116
D3 16
A716
f(X IN)/2
(0.25 µs)
High- Loworder order
f(X IN)/8
(1 µs)
High- Loworder order
Timer Period
f(X IN)/2
(0.5 µs)
High- Loworder order
E7 16
f(X IN)/16
(2 µ s)
High- Loworder order
0116 F316
Count Source
(Cycle Time)
0F16
9F16
0316
1F16
3F16
4E 16
1
2
5
10
50
100
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
ms
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
Oscillation Frequency
9C 16
–
–
C316
–
C316
A716
4F16
–
–
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.4 Timer Mode and Event Count Mode
(1) Operations in Timer Mode and Event Count Mode
Operations in the timer mode and the event count mode are explained with Figure 1.12.8.
Count Sources
In the timer mode and the event count mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count
sources with the timer X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
timer mode
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
• CNTR 0 pin input (Timer X used) event count mode
• CNTR 1 pin input (Timer Y used)
Notes 1: In the event count mode, the inverted signal of input to a CNTR pin is used as the count
source when a CNTR edge selection bit of the edge polarity selection register is ‘1’.
2: In the event count mode, keep the frequency of the CNTR pin input used as the count
source f(X IN)/4 or less.
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer (➀ in Figure 1.12.8).
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only.
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit of the timer XY control register is cleared to ‘0’, the timer
starts counting (➁ in Figure 1.12.8).
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting (➂ in Figure 1.12.8).
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➃ in Figure 1.12.8).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer (➄ in Figure
1.12.8).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.8).
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Count source
(Note 2)
‘0’ is
written
‘1’ is
written
‘0’ is
written
Contents of timer X
Timer X stop
control bit
Count start
Count start
Writing to timer
2
X (Note 1)
Count stop
4
RL
3
RL
RL
TL
1
5
000016
Timer X interrupt
request bit
UF
T
UF
UF
Time
6
A
A
A
TL : Setting value to timer X
RL : Contents of timer latch is reloaded
UF : Underflow
T : Count period
1
T(s) =
Count source frequency × (Setting value to timer X+1)
A
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Notes 1: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘0’ (writing to timer and timer latch simultaneously).
2: In event count mode,
• when CNTR edge selection bit is ‘0’, CNTR pin input is used as the count source.
• when CNTR edge selection bit is ‘1’, the inverted CNTR pin input is used as the count source.
Figure 1.12.8 Operation Example in Timer Mode and Event Count Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Timer Mode and Event Count Mode
Figures 1.12.9 and 1.12.10 show the setting of the timer mode and the event count mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting CNTR pin input in event counter mode
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of CNTR pin to input mode
b7
b0
0 0
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 input mode (when timer X is used)
(Note 1)
Port P41 input mode (when timer Y is used)
Notes 1: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
2. Setting edge porality selection register
b7
b0
Edge porality selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
CNTR0 edge porality selection (when timer X is used)
CNTR1 edge porality selection (when timer Y is used)
0: CNTR pin input is used as the count source.
1: The inverted CNTR pin input is used as the count source.
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
0 0 0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Timer • event counter mode
Timer X write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
in timer mode
10: f(XIN)/16
11: CNTR0 pin input
in event count mode
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
0 0 0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Timer • event count mode
Timer Y write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
in timer mode
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
in event count mode
11: CNTR1 pin input
Figure 1.12.9 Setting of Timer Mode and Event Count Mode (1)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Procedure 4 Setting timer (Note 2)
• when timer X is used
Timer X low-order (TXL) [Address 00F016]
Timer X high-order (TXH) [Address 00F116]
Timer X count value is set
• when timer Y is used
Timer Y low-order (TYL) [Address 00F216]
Timer Y high-order (TYH) [Address 00F316]
Timer Y count value is set
Notes 2: When writing to timer, set the low-order byte
and high-order byte in this order.
Procedure 5 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Figure 1.12.10 Setting of Timer Mode and Event Count Mode (2)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.5 Pulse Output Mode
(1) Operations in Pulse Output Mode
Operations in the pulse output mode are explained with Figure 1.12.11.
Count Sources
In the pulse output mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources with the timer
X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer (➀ in Figure 1.12.11).
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only.
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➁ in Figure
1.12.11).
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting (➂ in Figure 1.12.11).
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➃ in Figure 1.12.11).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer (➄ in Figure
1.12.11).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.11).
Pulse Output
At every underflows, polarity-inverted pulses are output from the following pins (➆ in Figure 1.12.11):
• CNTR 0 pin (Timer X used)
• CNTR 1 pin (Timer Y used)
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘0’, the CNTR pin output is initialized to the following levels
by a write to the timer:
• HIGH when the CNTR edge selection bit is ‘0’ (➇ in Figure 1.12.11).
• LOW when the CNTR edge selection bit is ‘1’.
Notes 1: When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘1’, the CNTR pin output level cannot be initialized
by a write to the timer.
2: In the pulse output mode, the output level of a CNTR pin is inverted when the CNTR edge
selection bit is switched (➈ in Figure 1.12.11).
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Count source
‘0’ is
written
‘1’ is
written
‘0’ is
written
Contents of timer X
Timer X stop
control bit
Count start
Count start
Writing to timer 2
X (Note 1)
4
Writing to timer
X (Note 2)
Count stop
RL
TL
1
RL
3
RL
RL
5
000016
UF
6
Timer X interrupt
request bit
UF
A
UF
A
UF Time
A
A
‘1’ is
written
CNTR0 edge
selection bit
AA
AA
Initialized when
writing to timer X
8
9
7
CNTR0 pin output
Undefined
H
TL : Setting value to timer X
RL : Contents of timer latch is reloaded
UF : Underflow
H : Pulse width
1
H(s) =
× (Setting value to timer X + 1)
Count source frequency
A
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Notes 1: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘0’ (writing to timer and timer latch simultaneously).
2: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘1’ (writing to only timer latch).
Figure 1.12.11 Operation Example in Pulse Output Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Pulse Output Mode
Figures 1.12.12 and 1.12.13 show the setting of the pulse output mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting CNTR pin output
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of CNTR pin to output mode (Note 1)
b7
b0
1 1
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 output mode (when timer X is used)
(Note 2)
Port P41 output mode (when timer Y is used)
Notes 1: Pay attention to the output level of CNTR pin.
2: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
2. Setting edge polarity selection register
b7
: ‘Not implemented’.
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
CNTR0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
CNTR1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: When setting operation mode, HIGH level output from CNTR pin is started.
1: When setting operation mode, LOW level output from CNTR pin is started.
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
0 0 1
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Pulse output mode
Timer X write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
0 0 1
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Pulse output mode
Timer Y write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Figure 1.12.12 Setting of Pulse Output Mode (1)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Procedure 4 Setting timer (Note 3)
• when timer X is used
Timer X low-order (TXL) [Address 00F016]
Timer X high-order (TXH) [Address 00F116]
Timer X count value is set
• when timer Y is used
Notes 3: • When writing to timer, set the low-order
byte and high-order byte in this order.
• When setting count value to timer, CNTR
Timer Y high-order (TYH) [Address 00F316]
pin is initialized to the contents of the
CNTR edge selection bit.
Timer Y count value is set
Timer Y low-order (TYL) [Address 00F216]
Procedure 5 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Figure 1.12.13 Setting of Pulse Output Mode (2)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.6 Pulse Period Measurement Mode
(1) Operations in Pulse Period Measurement Mode
Operations in the pulse period measurement mode are explained with Figure 1.12.14.
Count Sources
In the pulse period measurement mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources
with the timer X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
Writes to and Reads from Timers
In the pulse period measurement mode, do not write to timers.
When a timer is read, the read value is the contents of the timer latch (measured value of the last
pulse period).
Count Operation
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➀ in Figure
1.12.14).
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➁ in Figure 1.12.14).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source and a timer wraps around to ‘FFFF16 ’ (➂ in Figure 1.12.14).
When the valid edge of a CNTR pin input is detected in the count operation, the timer goes to
‘FFFF 16’ (➃ in Figure 1.12.14).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is set to ‘1’; then
a timer interrupt request is generated (➄ in Figure 1.12.14).
CNTR Interrupt
When the valid edge of a CNTR pin input is detected, the CNTR interrupt request bit of interrupt
request register 2 is set to ‘1’, and the CNTR interrupt request is generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.14).
The measured value of the pulse period must be read at this time.
Pulse Period Measurement
When any one of the following valid edges are detected, the complement on one of the contents of
the timer is written to the timer latch (➆ in Figure 1.12.14). The contents of the timer latch are
retained until the measurement of the next pulse period is complete.
• Valid edge of a CNTR0 pin input (Timer X used)
• Valid edge of a CNTR1 pin input (Timer Y used)
The measurement type of pulse period is selected by a CNTR edge selection bit of the edge polarity
selection register as follows:
• The period from a falling edge of a CNTR pin input until the next falling edge when the CNTR edge
selection bit is ‘0’ (➇ in Figure 1.12.14).
• The period from a rising edge of a CNTR pin input until the next rising edge when the CNTR edge
selection bit is ‘1’.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
• When the period from falling edge until the next falling edge is measured (Note)
CNTR0 pin input
T 8
6
CNTR0 interrupt
request bit
A
A
A
A
A
Count source
‘0’ is
written
Timer X stop
control bit
Contents of timer X
Count start
1
3
000016
Timer X interrupt
request bit
RL : ‘FFFF16’ is reloaded
UF : Underflow
T : Pulse period
T(s) =
A
RL
2
RL
RL
RL
7
7
7
RL
RL
FFFF16
4
UF
UF
Time
7
5
A
1
× {(Contents of timer latch + 1) +65536 × n}
Count source frequency
A
n: The number of timer interrupt
request generation during measuring.
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Note: In this case, CNTR0 edge selection bit is ‘0’ (falling edge is valid).
Figure 1.12.14 Operation Example in Pulse Period Measurement Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Pulse Period Measurement Mode
Figure 1.12.15 shows the setting of the pulse period measurement mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting CNTR pin input
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of CNTR pin to input mode
b7
b0
0 0
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 input mode (when timer X is used)
(Note)
Port P41 input mode (when timer Y is used)
Note: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
2. Setting edge polarity selection register
b7
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
CNTR0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
CNTR1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: CNTR pin input from falling to falling is counted
1: CNTR pin input from rising to rising is counted
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
0 1 0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Pulse period measurement mode
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
0 1 0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Pulse period measurement mode
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Procedure 4 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Figure 1.12.15 Setting of Pulse Period Measurement Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.7 Pulse Width Measurement Mode
(1) Operations in Pulse Width Measurement Mode
Operations in the pulse width measurement mode are explained with Figure 1.12.16.
Count Sources
In the pulse width measurement mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources with
the timer X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(X IN)/8
• f(X IN)/16
Writes to and Reads from timers
In the pulse width measurement mode, do not write to timers.
When a timer is read, the read value is the contents of the timer latch (measured value of the last
pulse width).
Count Operation
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➀ in Figure
1.12.16).
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➁ in Figure 1.12.16).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source and a timer wraps around to ‘FFFF16 ’ (➂ in Figure 1.12.16).
When the valid edge of a CNTR pin input is detected in the count operation, the timer goes to
‘FFFF16 ’ (➃ in Figure 1.12.16).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➄ in Figure 1.12.16).
CNTR Interrupt
When the valid edge of a CNTR pin input is detected, the CNTR interrupt request bit of interrupt
request register 2 is set to ‘1’, and the CNTR interrupt request is generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.16).
The measured value of the pulse width must be read at this time.
Pulse Width Measurement
When any one of the following valid edges are detected, the complement on one of the contents of
the timer is written to the timer latch (➆ in Figure 1.12.16). The contents of the timer latch are
retained until the measurement of the next pulse width is complete.
• Valid edge of a CNTR 0 pin input (Timer X used)
• Valid edge of a CNTR 1 pin input (Timer Y used)
The measurement type of pulse width is selected by a CNTR edge selection bit as follows:
• HIGH-level period from a rising edge of a CNTR pin input until the next falling edge when the CNTR
edge selection bit is ‘0’ (➇ in Figure 1.12.16).
• LOW-level period from a falling edge of a CNTR pin input until the next rising edge when the CNTR
edge selection bit is ‘1’.
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• When HIGH-level period is measured (Note)
CNTR0 pin input
H 8
6
CNTR0 interrupt
request bit
A
A
A
Count source
‘0’ is
written
Timer X stop
control bit
Contents of timer X
Count start
1
4
RL
2
RL
RL
RL
RL
RL
FFFF16
3
000016
UF
5
UF
7
Time
7
A
A
Timer X interrupt
request bit
RL : ‘FFFF16’ is reloaded
UF : Underflow
H : Pulse width
n: The number of timer interrupt
1
H(s) =
×
{(Contents of timer latch+1) + 65536 × n} request generation during measuring.
Count source frequency
A
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Note: In this case, CNTR0 edge selection bit is ‘0’ (falling edge is valid).
Figure 1.12.16 Operation Example in Pulse Width Measurement Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Pulse Width Measurement Mode
Figure 1.12.17 shows the setting of the pulse width measurement mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting CNTR pin input
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of CNTR pin to input mode
b7
b0
0 0
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 input mode (when timer X is used)
(Note)
Port P41 input mode (when timer Y is used)
Note: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
2. Setting edge polarity selection register
b7
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
CNTR0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
CNTR1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: CNTR pin input from rising to falling (HIGH-level period) is counted
1: CNTR pin input from falling to rising (LOW-level period) is counted
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
0 1 1
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Pulse width measurement mode
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
0 1 1
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Pulse width measurement mode
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Procedure 4 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Figure 1.12.17 Setting of Pulse Width Measurement Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.8 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
(1) Operations in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
Operations in the programmable waveform generation mode are explained with Figure 1.12.18.
Count Sources
In the programmable waveform generation mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count
sources with the timer X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer (➀ in Figure 1.12.18).
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only (➁ in Figure
1.12.18).
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
In the programmable waveform generation mode, the following starting point of a timer can be
selected with the timer X or Y trigger selection bit of the timer X or Y mode register:
• When a valid edge of an INT 0 pin input is detected (Timer X used).
• When a valid edge of an INT 1 pin input is detected (Timer Y used).
Clearing the timer X or Y stop control bit to ‘0’ brings the following results:
• When the timer X or Y trigger selection bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting.
• When the timer X or Y trigger selection bit is set to ‘1’, the timer starts counting as soon as the
valid edge of an INT pin input is detected (➂ in Figure 1.12.18).
When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
Note: Keep the trigger widths input to the INT pins 250 ns or more.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➃ in Figure 1.12.18).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer (➄ in Figure
1.12.18).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.18).
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Generation of Programmable Waveform
When an underflow occurs in a timer, the contents of the output level latches of the timer X or Y
mode register are output from the following pins (➆ in Figure 1.12.18):
• CNTR 0 pin (Timer X used)
• CNTR 1 pin (Timer Y used)
When the timer X or Y operation mode bits of the timer X or Y mode register, which are set to other
modes, are switched to the programmable waveform generation mode, the CNTR pin outputs are
initialized to LOW (➇ in Figure 1.12.18).
INT0 pin input
(Note 4)
INT0
interrupt request bit
A
A
A
Count source
‘0’ is
written
Contents of timer X
Timer X stop
control bit
Count start
(Note 3)
Writing to timer
X(Note 1)
3
Change of timer X
(Note 2)
Change of timer X
(Note 2)
RL
4
2
TL
1
5
000016
UF
RL
RL
RL
UF
UF
UF
RL
UF
Time
6
Timer X interrupt
request bit
A
‘1’ is
written
A
‘0’ is
written
A
‘1’ is
written
A
‘0’ is
written
A
‘1’ is
written
Output level latch
Undefined
Initialized to LOW when setting
timer X operation mode bits
8
7
CNTR0 pin output
H
Undefined
TL : Setting value to timer X
RL : Contents of timer latch is reloaded
UF : Underflow
H : Pulse width
1
H(s) = Count source frequency
A
× (Setting value to timer X+1)
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Notes 1: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘0’ (writing to timer and timer latch simultaneously).
2: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘1’ (writing to only timer latch).
3: In this case, timer X trigger selection bit is ‘1’ (trigger occurs, at the same time, timer X is activated ).
4: In this case, INT0 edge selection bit is ‘1’ (rising edge is valid).
Figure 1.12.18 Operation Example in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
Figures 1.12.19 and 1.12.20 show the setting of the programmable waveform generation mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting INT pin input and CNTR pin output
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of the CNTR pin to output mode (Note 1)
b7
b0
1 1
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 output mode (when timer X is used)
(Note 2)
Port P41 output mode (when timer Y is used)
Notes 1: Pay attention to the output level of CNTR pin.
2: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
2. Setting INT edge selection bit when timer is activated by the trigger of INT pin input
b7
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
INT0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
INT1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: Timer is activated by detecting the falling edge of INT pin input
1: Timer is activated by detecting the rising edge of INT pin input
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
1 0 0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Programmable waveform generation mode (Note 3)
Timer X write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Output level latch
Timer X trigger selection
0: Timer X free run
1: Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT0 pin) and timer X start
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Notes 3: The CNTR pin output is initialized to LOW when the operation mode
bits set to other modes are set to the programmable waveform
generation mode.
Figure 1.12.19 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (1)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
1 0 0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Programmable waveform generation mode (Note 3)
Timer Y write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Output level latch
Timer Y trigger selection
0: Timer Y free run
1: Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT1 pin) and timer Y start
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Procedure 4 Setting timer (Note 4)
• when timer X is used
Timer X low-order (TXL) [Address 00F016]
Timer X high-order (TXH) [Address 00F116]
Timer X count value is set
• when timer Y is used
Timer Y low-order (TYL) [Address 00F216]
Timer Y high-order (TYH) [Address 00F316]
Timer Y count value is set
Notes 4: When writing to timer, set the low-order byte
and high-order byte in this order.
Procedure 5 Start of timer count (Note 5)
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Notes 5: When bit 5 of timer mode register is ‘1’,
timer count does not start at this time.
Trigger (input signal of INT pin) occurs,
at the same time, timer count starts.
Notes 6: Keep the trigger width input to INT pin 250 ns
or more.
Figure 1.12.20 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (2)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.9 Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
(1) Operations in Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
Operations in the programmable one-shot output mode is explained with Figure 1.12.21.
Count Sources
In the programmable one-shot output mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources
with the timer X or Y count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer (➀ in Figure 1.12.21).
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only.
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➁ in Figure
1.12.21).
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➂ in Figure 1.12.21).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘000016’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch are reloaded to the timer (➃ in Figure
1.12.21).
When the valid edge of an INT pin input is detected, the contents of the timer latch are also reloaded
(➄ in Figure 1.12.21).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.12.21).
Generation of Programmable One-Shot Pulse
• When timer X is used, a one-shot pulse is output from the CNTR 0 pin when the valid edge of an
INT 0 pin input is detected (➆ in Figure 1.12.21).
• When timer Y is used, a one-shot pulse is output from the CNTR 1 pin when the valid edge of an
INT1 pin input is detected.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
When the timer X or Y operation mode bits of the timer X or Y mode register are set to the
programmable one-shot output mode, the CNTR pin outputs are initialized to the content of the CNTR
edge selection bit (➇ in Figure 1.12.21).
The CNTR pin output remains at the inverted level of the content of the CNTR edge selection bit for
the period from the rising edge∗1 of the count source immediately after the valid edge of an INT pin
input is detected until the subsequent an underflow (➈ in Figure 1.12.21).
Notes 1: Keep the trigger widths input to the INT pins 250 ns or more.
2: In the programmable one-shot output mode, the output level of a CNTR pin is inverted
when the CNTR edge selection bit is switched (➉ in Figure 1.12.21).
∗1: One cycle or less of the rising edge of the count source, after the valid edge of an INT pin input
is detected.
INT0 pin input
(Note 2)
INT0
interrupt request bit
A
A
A
Count source
‘0’ is
written
Contents of timer X
Timer X stop control bit
Count start
Writing to timer X 2
(Note 1)
3
RL
RL
RL
UF
UF
RL
RL
RL
TL
5
1
4
000016
6
Timer X interrupt request bit
A
UF
A
Time
A
‘0’ is
written
CNTR0
edge selection bit
AA
Initialized to the contents of CNTR0 edge selection bit
when setting timer X operation mode bits
8
10
7
CNTR0 pin output
Undefined
H 9
TL : Setting value to timer X
RL : Contents of timer latch is reloaded
UF : Underflow
H : Pulse width
1
H(s) = Count source frequency × (Setting value to timer X + 1)
A
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Notes 1: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘0’ (writing to timer and timer latch simultaneously).
2: In this case, INT0 edge selection bit is ‘1’ (rising edge is valid).
Figure 1.12.21 Operation Example in Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
Figures 1.12.22 and 1.12.23 show the setting of the programmable one-shot output mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting INT pin input and CNTR pin output
1. Setting port pin which has the alternative function of the CNTR pin to output mode (Note 1)
b7
b0
1 1
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 output mode (when timer X is used)
(Note 2)
Port P41 output mode (when timer Y is used)
Notes 1: Pay attention to the output level of CNTR pin.
2: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
2. Setting INT edge selection bit and CNTR edge selection bit
b7
b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
INT0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
INT1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: Falling edge of INT pin input detected
1: Rising edge of INT pin input detected
CNTR0 edge polarity selection (when timer X is used)
CNTR1 edge polarity selection (when timer Y is used)
0: HIGH level from CNTR pin is output after the maximum 1 cycle of
count source from trigger detection of INT pin input.
1: LOW level from CNTR pin is output after the maximum 1 cycle of
count source from trigger detection of INT pin input.
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
1 0 1
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
Programmable one-shot output mode (Note 3)
Timer X write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Notes 3: When setting operation mode, CNTR pin output is
initialized to the contents of the CNTR edge selection bit.
Figure 1.12.22 Setting of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode (1)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
1 0 1
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
Programmable one-shot output mode (Note 3)
Timer Y write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Procedure 4 Setting timer (Note 4)
• when timer X is used
Timer X low-order (TXL) [Address 00F016]
Timer X high-order (TXH) [Address 00F116]
Timer X count value is set
• when timer Y is used
Timer Y low-order (TYL) [Address 00F216]
Timer Y high-order (TYH) [Address 00F316]
Timer Y count value is set
Notes 4: When writing to timer, set the low-order byte
and high-order byte in this order.
Procedure 5 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Notes 5: Keep the trigger width input to INT pin 250 ns
or more.
Figure 1.12.23 Setting of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode (2)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.10 PWM Mode
(1) Operations in PWM Mode
Operations in the PWM mode are explained with Figure 1.12.24.
Count Sources
In the PWM mode, timer X or timer Y can select the following count sources with the timer X or Y
count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/2
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/16
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL (0000 16 through FFFF 16 )’ is written to a timer, the following different operations are
performed depending on the state of the timer X or Y write control bit:
• In the ‘0’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in both the timer latch and the
timer (➀ in Figure 1.12.24).
• In the ‘1’ state of the timer X or Y write control bit, the ‘TL’ is set in the timer latch only.
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
In the PWM mode, the high- and the low-order byte of a timer counts down each as an 8-bit timer.
• When the timer X or Y stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’ in the HIGH state of the PWM output, only
the high-order byte of the timer starts counting down (➁ in Figure1.12.24), while in the LOW state
of the PWM output, only the low-order byte of the timer starts counting down (➂ in Figure 1.12.24).
• When the stop control bit is set to ‘1’, both the high- and the low-order byte stop counting down
(➃ in Figure 1.12.24).
In the count operation, the contents of the high- or the low-order byte of the timer are decremented
by 1 at every rising edge of the count source (➄ in Figure 1.12.24).
When either the high- or the low-order byte of an operating timer becomes ‘0116’, it stops counting.
At the same time, the other starts counting (➅ in Figure 1.12.24).
Reloading Timers
When either the high- or the low-order byte of an operating timer becomes ‘01 16 ’, an underflow
occurs at the subsequent rising edge of the count source, and the contents of the timer latch is
reloaded to the timer (➅ in Figure 1.12.24).
Timer Interrupt
At an rising edge of the PWM output waveform, the timer X or Y interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’;
then a timer interrupt request is generated (➆ in Figure 1.12.24).
PWM Output
• When timer X is used, the PWM waveform is output from the CNTR0 pin.
• When timer Y is used, the PWM waveform is output from the CNTR1 pin.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘0’, the CNTR pin output is initialized to HIGH by a write
to the timer (➇ in Figure 1.12.24). When it is ‘1’, however, the CNTR pin output level cannot be
initialized by a write to the timer. In the PWM mode, when the low-order byte of the timer becomes
‘01 16 ’ in the LOW level of the PWM output (➈ in Figure 1.12.24), or when the high-order byte
becomes ‘0116 ’ in the HIGH level of the PWM output (➉ in Figure 1.12.24), an underflow occurs in
each timer at the subsequent rising edge of the count source and the output level of the CNTR pin
is inverted.
When ‘TL L (00 16 through FF 16)’ is written to the low-order byte of the timer and ‘TLH (00 16 through
FF 16)’ to the high-order byte, the duty cycle of the PWM waveform output from the CNTR pin is
expressed by ‘TLH /(TLH + TLL)’.
Notes 1: • All of the PWM outputs are HIGH when TLL = 00 16 and TL H ≠ 00 16 .
• All of the PWM outputs are LOW when TLH = 00 16.
2: When at least one of TL L and TLH is ‘00 16’, no timer interrupt request can be generated.
3: Even when value ‘0016’ is written to a timer, the timer continues counting down. Therefore,
the contents of the timer are undefined.
Count source
‘1’ is written
‘0’ is written
‘0’ is written
Contents of timer X Contents of timer X
(hjgh-order)
(low-order)
Timer X stop
control bit
Count start
Writing to timer X
(high-order) (Note)
TLH
Count start
2
Count stop
5
RL
RL
RL 4
RL
UF
UF
UF
UF Time
1
0116
0016
Writing to timer X
(low-order) (Note)
TLL
3
6
RL
RL
RL
UF
UF
UF
1
0116
0016
Timer X interrupt
request bit
7
AA
A
A
Time
A
Initialized to HIGH when
writing to timer X (Note)
8
9
10
HH
HL
CNTR0 pin output
T
Undefined
TLH
TLL
T
HH
HL
A
: Setting value to timer X (high-order)
: Setting value to timer X (low-order) RL : Contents of timer latch is reloaded
UF : Underflow
: PWM period T(s)=HH + HL
: Pulse width (HIGH-period)
1
× Setting value to timer X (high-order)
HH(s) =
Count source frequency
: Pulse width (LOW-period)
1
HL(s) =
× Setting value to timer X (low-order)
Count source frequency
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Note: In this case, timer X write control bit is ‘0’ (writing to timer and timer latch simultaneously).
Figure 1.12.24 Operation Example in PWM Mode
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(2) Setting of PWM Mode
Figures 1.12.25 and 1.12.26 show the setting of the PWM mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
b7
b0
1 1
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count stop (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count stop (when timer Y is used)
Procedure 2 Setting CNTR pin output (Setting the port pin which has the alternative function of CNTR pin to
output mode) (Note 1)
b7
b0
1 1
Port P4 direction register (P4D) [Address 00C916]
Port P40 output mode (when timer X is used)
(Note 2)
Port P41 output mode (when timer Y is used)
Notes 1: Pay attention to the output level of CNTR pin.
2: In the 7480 Group, these bits are not implemented.
b3 b2
: ‘Not implemented’.
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer X is used
b7
b0
1 1 0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
PWM mode (Note 3)
Timer X write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer X count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
• when timer Y is used
b7
b0
1 1 0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
PWM mode (Note 3)
Timer Y write control
0: Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
1: Writing to only latch
Timer Y count source selection
00: f(XIN)/2
01: f(XIN)/8
10: f(XIN)/16
11: Not available
Notes 3: When setting operation mode, CNTR pin output is
initialized to HIGH.
Figure 1.12.25 Setting of PWM Mode (1)
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Procedure 4 Setting timer (Note 4)
• when timer X is used
Timer X low-order (TXL) [Address 00F016]
Timer X low-order count value (LOW level output interval) is set
Timer X high-order (TXH) [Address 00F116]
Timer X high-order count value (HIGH level output interval) is set
• when timer Y is used
Timer Y low-order (TYL) [Address 00F216]
Timer Y low-order count value (LOW level output interval) is set
Timer Y high-order (TYH) [Address 00F316]
Timer Y high-order count value (HIGH level output interval) is set
Notes 4: When writing to timer, set the low-order byte
and high-order byte in this order.
Procedure 5 Start of timer count
b7
b0
0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
Timer X count start (when timer X is used)
Timer Y count start (when timer Y is used)
Figure 1.12.26 Setting of PWM Mode (2)
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
1.12.11 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when timer X or Y is used.
(1) In All Modes
Write to and Read from Timers
Write to and read from each timer two bytes together in the following order:
• Write: ➀ low-order byte → ➁ high-order byte
• Read: ➀ high-order byte → ➁ low-order byte
When a read from and a write into the same timer are executed during an interrupt service routine
etc., the normal operation cannot be performed.
In the pulse period measurement mode and the pulse width measurement mode, do not write to
timers.
Writes to Timers
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘0’:
• A write to an operating timer causes the contents of the timer to be affected, so that the time from
the last underflow until the next underflow is undefined in this case.
• A write to the low-order byte of an operating timer allows the timer to continue counting down until
the next write to the high-order byte. Therefore, the time until the subsequent underflow may be
undefined.
Figure 1.12.27 shows an operation in timer X or timer Y at writes.
• Example: Writing ‘020016’ into timer
Count source
Contents of timer (low-order)
Contents of timer (high-order)
Undefined value
0016
FF16
FD16
0216
Undefined value
‘0016’ is written to the
low-order of timer
FE16
‘0216’ is written to the
high-order of timer
Note: In this case, the write control bit is ‘0’.
Figure 1.12.27 Operation in Timer X or Timer Y at Writes
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘1’:
• A write to a stopped timer causes the contents of the timer not to be affected and allows the timer
to count down from the value prior to this write. Therefore, the time from the start of count down
until the first underflow is undefined.
• If a write and an underflow occur at approximately the same time in an operating timer, the reloaded
value may be undefined.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
Reads from Timers
• When the high-order byte of an operating timer is read, the low-order byte is set in the latch for
reading. Therefore, the read value of the low-order byte retains the value at the time the high-order
byte is being read.
• In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of
the count source, while the contents of each timer are transferred to the latch for reading by falling
edge, so that the read value of the timer may be different from its real value.
Figure 1.12.28 shows an operation in timer X or timer Y at reads.
Count source
010116
Contents of timer
Read value of timer
010216
010016
010116
00FF16
010016
High-order of timer is read (Read value: ‘0116’)
In this case, the low-order read value ‘0116’ is
written to latch for reading.
00FE16
00FF16
00FD16
00FE16
Low-order of timer is read (Read value: ‘0116’)
Figure 1.12.28 Operation in Timer X or Timer Y at Reads
(2) In Event Count Mode
The inverted signal of input to a CNTR pin is used as the count source when a CNTR edge selection
bit of the edge polarity selection register is ‘1’.
Keep the frequency of the CNTR pin input used as the count source f(XIN)/4 or less.
(3) In Pulse Output Mode
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘0’, the CNTR pin output is initialized to the following levels
by a write to the timer:
• HIGH when the CNTR edge selection bit is ‘0’.
• LOW when the CNTR edge selection bit is ‘1’.
When the timer X or Y write control bit, however, is ‘1’, the CNTR pin output level cannot be
initialized by a write to the timer.
The output level of a CNTR pin is inverted when the CNTR edge polarity selection bit is switched.
(4) In Pulse Period Measurement Mode and Pulse Width Measurement Mode
Do not write to timers in these modes; otherwise the last measured value in the timer latch will be
changed by this write.
When a timer is read, the read value is the contents of the timer latch (the last measured value).
(5) In Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
When the timer X or Y operation mode bits, which are set to other modes, are switched to the
programmable waveform generation mode, the CNTR pin outputs are initialized to LOW.
When the timer X or Y trigger selection bit is ‘1’, keep the trigger widths input to the INT pins 250ns
or more.
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1.12 Timer X and Timer Y
(6) In Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
When the timer X or Y operation mode bits are set to the programmable one-shot output mode, the
CNTR pin outputs are initialized to the content of the CNTR edge selection bit.
The output level of a CNTR pin is inverted when the CNTR edge selection bit is switched.
Keep the trigger widths input to the INT pins 250 ns or more.
(7) In PWM Mode
When the timer X or Y write control bit is ‘0’, the CNTR pin output is initialized to HIGH by a write
to the timer. When the write control bit is ‘1’, the CNTR pin output level cannot be initialized by a
write to the timer.
All of the PWM outputs are HIGH when TLL = 00 16 and TLH ≠ 00 16.
All of the PWM outputs are LOW when TLH = 00 16.
When at least one of TLL and TL H is ‘00 16 ’, no timer interrupt request can be generated.
Even when value ‘00 16 ’ is written to a timer, the timer continues counting down. Therefore, the
contents of the timer are undefined.
(8) I/O Port Pins P40 and P41 with the Alternative Functions of Timer I/O Pins CNTR0 and CNTR1
Port pins P4 0 and P4 1 have the alternative functions of 16-bit timer I/O pins CNTR0 and CNTR1
respectively. If the timer X or Y operation mode bit of the corresponding timer is set to any mode
related to output (Note), these pins cannot perform the normal function as output port pins. Refer to
Figure 1.10.3 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P2i to P5 i in Section 1.10. Input/Output Pins.
Note: Modes related to output:
• Pulse output mode
• Programmable waveform generation mode
• Programmable one-shot output mode
• PWM mode
(9) Edge Polarity Selection Register
When the edge polarity selection bit of edge polarity selection register is set, the interrupt request
bit may be set to ‘1’.
Refer to Section 1.11.7 (2) in 1.11 Interrupts.
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group have two 8-bit timers with 8-bit latches:
• Timer 1
• Timer 2
Timer 1 or timer 2 can select the following operation modes by the timer 1 or 2 operation mode bit of the
timer 1 mode register (address 00F916 ) or the timer 2 mode register (address 00FA16):
• Timer mode
• Programmable waveform generation mode
For details, refer to the section of each mode.
1.13.1 Block Diagram
Figure 1.13.1 shows the block diagram of timer 1 and timer 2.
Data bus
8
f(XIN)/8
f(XIN)/64
f(XIN)/128
f(XIN)/256
Timer count source
selection bits
‘00’
Timer stop
‘01’
control bit
‘10’
‘11’
TL
Timer interrupt
request bit
8
T
T
T0, T1 output
Q
Output level
latch
D
8
Timer mode register
8
Data bus
Figure 1.13.1 Block Diagram of Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.13.2 Registers Associated with Timer 1 and Timer 2
Figure 1.13.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with timer 1 and timer 2.
00F416
00F516
Timer 1 (T1)
Timer 2 (T2)
00F916 Timer 1 mode register (T1M)
00FA16 Timer 2 mode register (T2M)
Figure 1.13.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Timer 1 and Timer 2
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
(1) Timer 1 and Timer 2
These are the 8-bit registers that count the pulses of count sources.
• When a timer is written, the written data is set to the timer and the timer latch (Note).
• When a timer is read, the read value is the contents of the timer.
Note: The timer latches are the registers that hold the initial values automatically reloaded to the
timers when they underflow. Actually, the value decremented by 1 from the contents of the
timer latch is reloaded to the timer.
Figures 1.13.3 and 1.13.4 show the timer 1 and timer 2.
Timer 1 (Timer 1 latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer1 (T1) [Address 00F416]
b
0
1
Function
The timer 1 count value is indicated.
2
3
At reset
R
W
1
1
O
O
O
O
1
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
1
1
4
1
5
6
1
1
7
Figure 1.13.3 Timer 1
Timer 2 (Timer 2 latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer 2 (T2) [Address 00F516]
Function
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
O
1
2
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
3
Undefined
O
O
O
O
4
Undefined
5
Undefined
O
O
O
O
6
7
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
b
0
The timer 2 count value is indicated.
Figure 1.13.4 Timer 2
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
(2) Timer 1 Mode Register and Timer 2 Mode Register
These registers consist of the bits controlling the operation of timer 1 and timer 2.
Figures 1.13.5 and 1.13.6 show the timer 1 and 2 mode registers.
Timer 1 mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0 0
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
O
0
Timer 1 stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
0
O
1
Timer 1 operation
mode bit
0 : Timer mode
1 : Programmable waveform generation mode
0
O
O
2
Not implemented. Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
×
×
4
Output level latch
0
0
O
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
×
6
Timer 1 count source
selection bits
0
O
O
0
O
O
3
7
0 : LOW output from T0 pin
1 : HIGH output from T0 pin
b7 b6
0 0 : f(XIN)/8
0 1 : f(XIN)/64
1 0 : f(XIN)/128
1 1 : f(XIN)/256
O
Figure 1.13.5 Timer 1 Mode Register
Timer 2 mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0 0
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
At reset
R
W
0
Timer 2 stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
0
O
O
1
Timer 2 operation
mode bit
0 : Timer mode
1 : Programmable waveform generation mode
0
O
O
2
3
Not implemented. Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
×
×
4
Output level latch
0
O
O
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
×
6
Timer 2 count source
selection bits
0
O
O
0
O
O
b
Name
7
Function
0 : LOW output from T1 pin
1 : HIGH output from T1 pin
b7 b6
0 0 : f(XIN)/8
0 1 : f(XIN)/64
1 0 : f(XIN)/128
1 1 : f(XIN)/256
Figure 1.13.6 Timer 2 Mode Register
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.13.3 Basic Operations of Timer 1 and Timer 2
Basic operations of timer 1 and timer 2 are described below.
For details, refer to (1) Operations of each mode.
Count Sources
Timer 1 and timer 2 can select the following count sources with the timer 1 or 2 count source select bits
of the timer 1 or 2 mode register:
• f(X IN)/8
• f(X IN)/64
• f(X IN)/128
• f(X IN)/256
Writes to Timers
When ‘TL(00 16 through FF16 )’ is written to a timer, ‘TL’ is set in both the timer and the timer latch.
Note: A write to an operating timer causes the contents of the timer to be affected, so that the period from
the last underflow until the next underflow is undefined.
Reads from Timers
The contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operations
The count operation (start/stop) of timer 1 or timer 2 is controlled by the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit of
the timer 1 or 2 mode register as follows:
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is set to ‘0’, the timer starts counting.
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the count
source.
The timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is recognized during the HIGH time of the count source. When the count
has stopped, the count source cannot be accepted.
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘FF16’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising edge of
the count source, and the value decremented by 1 from the contents of the timer latch is reloaded to the
timer.
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer 1 or 2 interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is set to ‘1’; then a
timer interrupt request is generated.
Table 1.13.1 lists the relation between timer count periods and values set to timer 1 and timer 2.
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
Table 1.13.1 Relation between Timer Count Periods and Values Set to Timer 1 and Timer 2
Clock Input
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
Oscillation Frequency
Timer Period
Count Source
(Count Period)
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
f(X IN)/8
f(XIN)/64
f(X IN)/128
f(X IN)/256
f(XIN)/8
f(X IN)/64
f(X IN)/128
(1 µs)
(8µs)
(16µs)
(32µs)
(2µs)
(16µs)
(32 µs)
100 µ s
63 16
C716
—
1816
—
—
—
—
31 16
200 µ s
63 16
—
—
—
—
500 µ s
—
—
—
—
F916
—
—
1 ms
—
7C 16
—
—
—
—
—
2 ms
—
F916
7C16
—
—
7C16
—
4 ms
—
—
F916
7C16
—
F9 16
7C 16
1.13.4 Timer Mode
(1) Operations in Timer Mode
The operations in the timer mode is explained with Figure 1.13.7.
Count Sources
In the timer mode, timer 1 or timer 2 can select the following count sources with the timer 1 or 2
count source selection bits of the timer 1 or 2 mode register:
• f(X IN)/8
• f(X IN)/64
• f(X IN)/128
• f(X IN)/256
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
Writes to and Reads from Timer
When ‘TL (0016 through FF 16)’ is written to a timer, ‘TL’ is set in both the timer and the timer latch
(➀ in Figure 1.13.7).
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➁ in Figure 1.13.7).
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting (➂ in Figure 1.13.7).
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➃ in Figure 1.13.7).
Reloading Timers
When a timer reaches ‘FF16 ’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the value decremented by 1 from the contents of the timer latch is
reloaded to the timer. (➄ in Figure 1.13.7).
Timer Interrupt
At an underflow, the timer 1 or 2 interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.13.7).
Count source
‘0’ is
written
‘1’ is
written
‘0’ is
written
Timer 1 stop
control bit
Contents of timer 1
Count start
Writing to timer 1
Count start
Count stop
2
Writing to timer 1
4
3
TL
TL–1
RL
1
RL
RL
RL
UF
UF
UF Time
5
0016
FF16
UF
T
6
Timer 1 interrupt
request bit
A
A
TL : Setting value to timer 1
RL : The value which is the timer latch decremented by 1 is reloaded
UF : Underflow
1
× (Setting value to timer 1 +1)
T : Count period T(s) =
Count source frequency
A
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
Figure 1.13.7 Operations in Timer Mode
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A
HARDWARE
1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
(2) Setting of Timer Mode
Figure 1.13.8 shows the setting of the timer mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
1
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Timer 1 count is stopped.
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
1
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Timer 2 count is stopped.
Procedure 2 Setting timer mode register
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
0 1
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Timer mode
Timer 1 count source selection
00: f(XIN)/8
01: f(XIN)/64
10: f(XIN)/128
11: f(XIN)/256
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
0 1
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Timer mode
Timer 2 count source selection
00: f(XIN)/8
01: f(XIN)/64
10: f(XIN)/128
11: f(XIN)/256
Note : Procedure 1 and 2 can be set simultaneously because the described register is the same.
Procedure 3 Setting timer
• when timer 1 is used
Timer 1 (T1) [Address 00F416]
Timer 1 count value is set
• when timer 2 is used
Timer 2 (T2) [Address 00F516]
Timer 2 count value is set
Procedure 4 Start of timer count
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
0 0
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Timer 1 count is started
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
0 0
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Timer 2 count is started
Figure 1.13.8 Setting of Timer Mode
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.13.5 Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
(1) Operations in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
Operations in the programmable waveform generation mode is explained with Figure 1.13.9.
Count Sources
In the programmable waveform generation mode, timer 1 or timer 2 can select the following count
sources with the timer 1 or 2 count source selection bits:
• f(XIN)/8
• f(XIN)/64
• f(XIN)/128
• f(XIN)/256
Writes to and Reads from Timers
When ‘TL(0016 through FF16)’ is written to a timer, ‘TL’ is set in both the timer and the timer latch
(➀ in Figure 1.13.9).
Also, the contents of the timer can be read by a read operation.
Count Operation
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is cleared to ‘0’, the timer starts counting (➁ in Figure 1.13.9).
• When the timer 1 or 2 stop control bit is set to ‘1’, the timer stops counting (➂ in Figure 1.13.9).
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source (➃ in Figure 1.13.9).
Reloading timers
When a timer reaches ‘FF16 ’ in the count operation, an underflow occurs at the subsequent rising
edge of the count source, and the value decremented by 1 from the contents of the timer latch is
reloaded to the timer. (➄ in Figure 1.13.9).
Timer interrupt
At an underflow, the timer 1 or 2 interrupt request bit is set to ‘1’; then a timer interrupt request is
generated (➅ in Figure 1.13.9).
Generation of Programmable Waveform
When an underflow occurs in a timer, the contents of the output level latch are output from the
following pins (➆ in Figure 1.13.9):
• T 0 pin (Timer 1 used)
• T 1 pin (Timer 2 used)
The output level of the T0 or T1 pin remains undefined until the first underflow occurs in this mode
(➇ in Figure 1.13.9).
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
Count source
‘0’ is
written
Timer 1 stop
control bit
Count start
‘0’ is
written
Count start
2
Writing TL
to timer 1
Contents of timer 1
‘1’ is
written
Writing TL to timer 1
Writing TL to timer 1
RL
TL'
TL' – 1
Count stop
4
3
TL
TL – 1
1
RL
RL
UF
UF
RL
5
0016
FF16
UF
UF
Time
6
A
Timer 1 interrupt
request bit
A
AAAAA
AAAAA
‘1’ is
written
‘0’ is
written
A
A
A
‘1’ is
written
‘0’ is
written
‘1’ is
written
Output level latch
Undefined
8
7
T0 pin output
Undefined
A
H
: Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or accepting interrupt request
TL : Setting value to timer 1
RL : The value which is the timer latch decremented by 1 is reloaded
UF : Underflow
1
H : Pulse width H(s) = Count source frequency × (Setting value to timer 1 +1)
Figure 1.13.9 Operations in Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
(2) Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
Figures 1.13.10 and 1.13.11 show the setting of the programmable waveform generation mode.
Procedure 1 Stop of timer count
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
1
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Timer 1 count is stopped.
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
1
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Timer 2 count is stopped.
Procedure 2 Setting port which is also used as T pin to output mode (Note 1)
b0
b7
Port P1 direction register (P1D) [Address 00C316]
0 0
Port P12 output mode (when timer 1 is used)
Port P13 output mode (when timer 2 is used)
Notes 1: Pay attention to the output level of T pin.
Procedure 3 Setting timer mode register
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
1 1
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Programmable waveform generation mode
Output level latch
Timer 1 count source selection
00: f(XIN)/8
01: f(XIN)/64
10: f(XIN)/128
11: f(XIN)/256
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
1 1
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Programmable waveform generation mode
Output level latch
Timer 2 count source selection
00: f(XIN)/8
01: f(XIN)/64
10: f(XIN)/128
11: f(XIN)/256
Notes 2 : Procedure 1 and 3 can be set simultaneously
because the described register is the same.
Figure 1.13.10 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (1)
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
Procedure 4 Setting timer
• when timer 1 is used
Timer 1 (T1) [Address 00F416]
Timer 1 count value is set
• when timer 2 is used
Timer 2 (T2) [Address 00F516]
Timer 2 count value is set
Procedure 5 Start of timer count
• when timer 1 is used
b7
b0
1 0
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
Timer 1 count is started
• when timer 2 is used
b7
b0
1 0
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
Timer 2 count is started
Figure 1.13.11 Setting of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode (2)
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1.13 Timer 1 and Timer 2
1.13.6 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when timer 1 or timer 2 is used.
(1) In All Modes
A write to an operating timer causes the contents of the timer to be affected, so that the period from
the last underflow until the next underflow is undefined.
In the count operation, the contents of each timer are decremented by 1 at every rising edge of the
count source, while the contents of each timer are transferred to the latch for reading at the falling
edge, so that the read value of the timer may be different from its real value by +1.
Figure 1.13.12 shows an operation in timer 1 and timer 2 at reads.
• when ‘7F16’ is written to timer
Count source
Contents of timer
Timer read value
0116
0216
FF16
0016
0116
7E16
FF16
0016
7D16
7E16
7C16
7D16
Timer
interrupt request bit
Clearing by writing ‘0’ to interrupt request bit or
accepting interrupt request
Figure 1.13.12 Operations in Timer 1 and Timer 2 at Reads
(2)
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I/O Port Pins P12 and P13 with the Alternative Functions of Timer Output Pins T0 and T1
Port pins P1 2 and P1 3 have the alternative functions of timer output pins T0 and T1 respectively. If
the timer operation mode bit of the corresponding timer (1 or 2) is set to the programmable waveform
generation mode, these pins cannot perform the normal function as output port pins. Refer to Figure
1.10.1 Block Diagrams of Port Pins P0i and P10–P1 3 in Section 1.10 Input/Output pins.
Therefore, set the corresponding timer (1 or 2) operation mode bit to the timer mode when these pins
are used as normal I/O port pins.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1.14 Serial I/O
Serial I/O transmits or receives 8-bit data serially, between two microcomputers.
The serial I/O of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group can operate with a transmission format of either synchronous
or asynchronous (UART) type.
If data is not sent on the transmission line because of collision. The microcomputer informs external the
collision in the contention bus system communications by generating a bus arbitration interrupt request.
1.14.1 Registers Associated with Serial I/O
Figure 1.14.1 shows the memory map of the registers associated with serial I/O.
00E016 Transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB)
00E116 Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS)
00E216 Serial I/O control register (SIOCON)
00E316 UART control register (UARTCON)
00E416 Baud rate generator (BRG)
00E516 Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON)
Figure 1.14.1 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Serial I/O
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1.14 Serial I/O
(1) Transmit Buffer Register and Receive Buffer Register
The transmit buffer register and the receive buffer register are located at the same address. These
registers are written transmit data and read receive data when clock synchronous or clock asynchronous
serial I/O is used.
Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
A write to the transmit buffer register (Note) starts the following operations:
• When the BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous clock, communication is started.
• When an external clock is selected as the synchronous clock and the SRDY output is in the enable
state, the level of the SRDY signal changes from HIGH to LOW, and the completion of the communication
preparation is signaled to the external.
Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART)
A write to the transmit buffer register (Note) starts data transmission.
Note: During transmission, data is written to the transmit buffer register.
During reception, dummy data is written to the transmit buffer register when the clock synchronous
serial I/O is selected.
Figure 1.14.2 shows the transmit/receive buffer register.
Transmit/Receive buffer register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) [Address 00E016]
b
0
1
2
3
4
Function
At reset
In transmission:
Transmit data is transferred to the transmit shift register
by writing transmit data.
Undefined
In reception:
When data is stored completely in the receive shift
register, the receive data is transferred to this register.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
Undefined
Undefined
Figure 1.14.2 Transmit/Receive Buffer Register
1-108
Undefined
5
6
Note: In transmission, this register is a write-only register.
In reception, this register is a read-only register.
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Note
W
HARDWARE
1.14 Serial I/O
(2) Serial I/O Status Register
This register consists of the flags that indicate the serial I/O transmit/receive status.
Figure 1.14.3 shows the serial I/O status register.
Serial I/O status register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1
Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS) [Address 00E116]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
×
0
Transmit buffer empty flag
(TBE)
0 : Buffer full
1 : Buffer empty
0
O
1
Receive buffer full flag
(RBF)
0 : Buffer empty
1 : Buffer full
0
O
×
2
Transmit shift completion
flag (TSC)
0 : Transmit shift in progress
1 : Transmit shift completed
0
O
×
3
Overrun error flag
(OE)
0 : No error
1 : Overrun error
0
O
×
4
Parity error flag
(PE)
0 : No error
1 : Parity error
0
O
×
Framing error flag
(FE)
0 : No error
1 : Framing error
0
O
×
6
Summing error flag
(SE)
0 : OE U PE U FE=0
1 : OE U PE U FE=1
0
O
×
7
This bit is fixed to ‘1’.
1
1
×
5
Note: b4 and b5 are valid only in UART
Figure 1.14.3 Serial I/O Status Register
Each flag of the serial I/O status register is described below.
Transmit Buffer Empty Flag (TBE: bit 0)
This flag indicates the status of the transmit buffer register.
• When the data written to the transmit buffer register is transferred to the transmit shift register, this
flag is set to ‘1’.
• When transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register, this flag is cleared to ‘0’.
This flag is valid in both clock synchronous serial I/O and UART.
Receive Buffer Full Flag (RBF: bit 1)
This flag indicates the status of the receive buffer register.
• When receive data is stored completely in the receive shift register and transferred to the receive
buffer register, this flag is set to ‘1’.
• When the transferred data is read from the receive buffer register, this flag is cleared to ‘0’.
This flag is valid in both clock synchronous serial I/O and UART.
Transmit Shift Completion Flag (TSC: bit 2)
This flag indicates the status of the transmit shift operation.
• When the data in the transmit buffer register is transferred to the transmit shift register, and shift
operation is started by the synchronous clock (the start bit of the transmit data is transmitted), this
flag is cleared to ‘0’.
• When the shift operation is completed (the transmission of the last bit of the transmit data is
completed), this flag is set to ‘1’.
This flag is valid in both clock synchronous serial I/O and UART.
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1.14 Serial I/O
Overrun Error Flag (OE: bit 3)
This flag indicates the status of reading receive data.
• When the next receive data is stored completely in the receive shift register before the receive data
stored in the receive buffer register is read through, this flag is set to ‘1’.
• This flag is cleared to ‘0’ by any operations listed in Table 1.14.1.
This flag is valid in both clock synchronous serial I/O and UART.
Parity Error Flag (PE: bit 4)
This flag indicates the result of checking even or odd parity by hardware in UART.
• This flag is set to ‘1’ when the parity of the receive data differs from the predetermined parity.
• This flag is cleared to ‘0’ by any operation listed in Table 1.14.1.
This flag is valid only at parity enable in UART.
Framing Error Flag (FE: bit 5)
This flag indicates faults of frame synchronization in UART.
• When the stop bit of receive data is not received at the specified timing, this flag is set to ‘1’. Only
the first stop bit is tested and the second stop bit is not tested.
• This flag is cleared to ‘0’ by any operation listed in Table 1.14.1.
This flag is valid only in UART.
Summing Error Flag (SE: bit 6)
This flag indicates faults of serial I/O.
• When the overrun error, parity error or framing error occurs, this flag is set to ‘1’.
• This flag is cleared to ‘0’ by any operation listed in Table 1.14.1.
This flag is valid in both clock synchronous serial I/O and UART.
[Clearing Error Flag]
Error flags (bits 3 to 6) of the serial I/O status register are cleared to ‘0’ by any operation listed in
Table 1.14.1.
Table 1.14.1 Clearing Error Flags
Set Serial I/O Enable Bit
to ‘0’
Set Receive Enable Bit
Overrun Error Flag
Parity Error Flag
O
O
Dummy Data is Written to
Serial I/O Status Register
O
×
O
O
Framing Error Flag
×
O
Summing Error Flag
×
O
O
Clearing Method
Error Flag
1-110
to ‘0’
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1.14 Serial I/O
(3) Serial I/O Control Register
This register controls the selection of a transmit/receive mode, a synchronous clock, serial I/O pin
functions, etc. of serial I/O.
Figure 1.14.4 shows the serial I/O control register.
Serial I/O control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
BRG count source
selection bit (CSS)
0 : f(XIN)/4
1 : f(XIN)/16
0
O
O
1
Serial I/O synchronous
clock selection bit (SCS)
when clock synchronous serial I/O is selected
0
O
O
2
SRDY output enable bit
(SRDY)
0 : P17 pin
1 : SRDY output pin
0
O
O
3
Transmit interrupt source
selection bit (TIC)
0 : Interrupt occurs when transmit
0
O
O
4
Transmit enable bit
(TE)
0 : Transmit disabled
1 : Transmit enabled
0
O
O
5
Receive enable bit
(RE)
0 : Receive disabled
1 : Receive enabled
0
O
O
6
Serial I/O mode selection bit
(SIOM)
0 : Asynchronous serial I/O (UART)
1 : Clock synchronous serial I/O
0
O
O
7
Serial I/O enable bit
(SIOE)
0 : Serial I/O disabled
1 : Serial I/O enabled
0
O
O
0 : BRG output/4
1 : External clock input
when UART is selected
0 : BRG output/16
1 : External clock input/16
buffer is empty.
1 : Interrupt occurs when transmit shift
operation is completed.
Figure 1.14.4 Serial I/O Control Register
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1.14 Serial I/O
(4) UART Control Register
This register controls the data transmission formats in clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART).
This register is valid only when UART is selected.
Figure 1.14.5 shows the UART control register.
UART control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1 1
UART control register (UARTCON) [Address 00E316]
b
At reset
R
W
Character length selection bit
(CHAS)
0 : 8 bits
1 : 7 bits
0
O
O
1
Parity enable bit
(PARE)
0 : Parity disabled
1 : Parity enabled
0
O
O
2
Parity selection bit
(PARS)
0 : Even parity
1 : Odd parity
0
O
O
3
Stop bit length selection bit
(STPS)
0 : 1 stop bit
1 : 2 stop bits
0
O
O
4
These bits are fixed to ‘1’.
0
Name
Function
1
1
5
1
1
6
7
1
1
1
1
Figure 1.14.5 UART Control Register
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×
×
×
HARDWARE
1.14 Serial I/O
(5) Baud Rate Generator (BRG)
The baud rate generator is an 8-bit counter with an auto-reload register, used only for serial I/O.
When the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit of the serial I/O control register is ‘0’, setting
value ‘n’ (any number of 0016 to FF16) to the baud rate generator outputs a signal of the BRG count
source (Note 1) divided by ‘n + 1’ as the BRG output (Note 2) .
Notes 1: • f(XIN)/4: when the BRG count source selection bit of the serial I/O control register is ‘0’.
• f(X IN)/16: when the BRG count source selection bit is ‘1’.
2: • BRG output/4 is used for the synchronous clock in clock synchronous serial I/O.
• BRG output/16 is used for the synchronous clock in clock asynchronous serial I/O.
Figure 1.14.6 shows the baud rate generator.
Baud rate generator
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Baud rate generator (BRG) [Address 00E416]
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
3
4
Undefined
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
5
Undefined
O
O
6
7
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Function
b
0
1
2
• 8-bit timer for baud rate generation of serial I/O.
• Valid only when BRG output divided by 4 or 16 is selected
as synchronous clock.
O
Figure 1.14.6 Baud Rate Generator
(6) Bus Collision Detection Control Register
This register consists of the bits controlling the valid/invalid of the bus collision detection.
Figure 1.14.7 shows the bus collision detection control register.
Bus collision detection control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON) [Address 00E516]
At reset
R
W
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
7
0
0
b
Name
Function
0 : Collision detection invalid
1 : Collision detection valid
0
Bus collision detection enable bit
1
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
2
3
0
0
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Figure 1.14.7 Bus Collision Detection Control Register
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1.14 Serial I/O
1.14.2 Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
In clock synchronous serial I/O, the transmit operation of the transmitter (Note 1) and the receive operation
of the receiver (Note 2) are performed simultaneously, synchronizing with the synchronous clock used for
transferring, which is generated by the clock control circuit.
Notes 1: Synchronized with falling edges of the synchronous clock, data is transmitted from the TxD pin
of the transmitter by the bit.
2: Synchronized with rising edges of the synchronous clock, data is received from the RxD pin of
the receiver by the bit.
Clock synchronous serial I/O is selected by setting the serial I/O mode selection bit of the serial I/O control
register to ‘1’.
Data Communication
• Half-duplex communication: one of the two communicating microcomputers operates only as a transmitter
and the other only as a receiver at a time or vice versa.
• Full-duplex communication: both of the two communicating microcomputers operate simultaneously as
transmitter and receiver.
Synchronous Clock
A synchronous clock is selected by the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit of the serial I/O control
register as follows:
• 0: BRG output/4
• 1: External clock input to the S CLK pin
For the BRG output, refer to (5) Baud Rate Generator (BRG) in Section 1.14.1.
When a clock synchronous serial I/O communication is carried out between two microcomputers, the
synchronous clock is normally selected as follows:
• Microcomputer 1 clears the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit to ‘0’, and 8 synchronous clock
pulses, generated by writing to the transmit buffer register, are output from the SCLK pin.
• Microcomputer 2 selects the external clock and inputs the pulses outputted from microcomputer 1 to the
S CLK pin. This is the synchronous clock.
Note: When an external clock is selected as the synchronous clock:
Perform the following operations while the SCLK pin input is HIGH during data transmission:
• Write ‘1’ to the transmit enable bit
• Write transmit data to the transmit buffer register
The shift operations of the transmit shift register and the receive shift register are performed while
the synchronous clock is being input to the serial I/O circuit. Stop the synchronous clock with 8
cycles when an external clock is selected as the synchronous clock. The synchronous clock automatically
stops after 8 synchronous clock pulses generated when the BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous
clock.
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1.14 Serial I/O
Data Transfer Rate (Baud Rate)
In clock synchronous serial I/O, the data transfer rate (baud rate), which is the frequency of the synchronous
clock, is calculated by the following formulas:
• When the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit is ‘0’.
(BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous clock)
Baud rate [bps] =
f(X IN)
Division ratio (Note 1) × (BRG setting value (Note 2) + 1) × 4
Notes 1: BRG count source selection bit of the serial I/O control register is as follows:
• ‘0’: Division ratio is 4
• ‘1’: Division ratio is 16.
2: The value written to the baud rate generator (0016 to FF 16).
• When the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit is ‘1’
(an external clock input is selected as the synchronous clock):
Baud rate [bps] = the external clock input frequency from the S CLK pin
Output of S RDY Signal
In clock synchronous serial I/O, the output level of the S RDY pin changes from HIGH to LOW by writing
to the transmit buffer register when the S RDY output enable bit of serial I/O control register is ‘1’. The
completion of the serial I/O communication preparation is signaled to the external by the SRDY output. Also,
the SRDY pin returns to the HIGH state at the first falling edge of the synchronous clock.
Note: Set the transmit enable bit to ‘1’ as well as the receive enable bit and the SRDY output enable bit
of the serial I/O control register when the receiver outputs the SRDY signal while the external clock
is selected as the synchronous clock.
Starting of Transmission and Reception
• When the BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous clock:
Transmitting and receiving starts when a write to the transmit buffer register occurs.
Normally, communication is started after the completion of communication preparation of the target unit
is recognized with the SRDY signal.
• When the external clock is selected as the synchronous clock:
Transmitting and receiving starts when input to the external clock starts.
When data is written to the transmit buffer register, the output level of the SRDY pin changes from HIGH
to LOW and informs the target unit of the completion of communication preparation.
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1.14 Serial I/O
(1) Block Diagram of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
Figure 1.14.8 shows the block diagram of a clock synchronous serial I/O.
Data bus
P16
P14
Address 00E016
Receive buffer register
RxD
Receive enable bit
(RE)
Address 00E216
Serial I/O control register
Receive buffer full flag (RBF)
Receive interrupt request (RI)
Receive shift register
Clock control circuit
SCLK
XIN
SRDY
Serial I/O enable bit (SIOE)
BRG count source
selection bit (CSS)
1/4
1/4
SRDY output enable bit
Falling edge
(SRDY)
F/F
detection
Serial I/O synchronous clock
selection bit (SCS)
Division ratio 1/(n + 1)
Baud rate generator
1/4
Address 00E416
Clock control circuit
Transmit enable bit
(TE)
Transmit shift register
TxD
P17
P15
Transmit interrupt source
selection bit (TIC)
Transmit buffer register
Address 00E016
Transmit shift completion flag (TSC)
Transmit interrupt request (TI)
Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE)
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
Data bus
Figure 1.14.8 Block Diagram of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
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1.14 Serial I/O
(2) Operations of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Transmission
Transmit Operation
➀ When transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register (Note 1), the transmit buffer empty flag
of the serial I/O status register is cleared to ‘0’.
➁ The transmit data written to the transmit buffer register is transferred to the transmit shift register.
When the data transfer to the transmit shift register is completed, the transmit buffer empty flag
goes to ‘1’ (Note 2).
In this instance, when the BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous clock, 8 synchronous clock
pulses are generated.
➂ Synchronized with a falling edge of the synchronous clock, the least significant bit (LSB) of the
transmit data transferred to the transmit shift register is output from the TxD pin. At this time, the
contents of the transmit shift register are shifted to the low-order direction by one bit, and the
transmit shift completion flag is cleared to ‘0’.
➃ By repeating the shift operation of ‘Transmit Operation ➂’ 8 times, 8-bit transmit data is output from
the TxD pin by the bit from the LSB.
➄ When 8 bits of the transmit data are output by the 8 shift operations, the transmit shift completion
flag is set to ‘1’ (Note 3).
Notes 1: When the external clock is selected as the synchronous clock, write the transmit data to
the transmit buffer register during the HIGH state of the synchronous clock.
2: When the transmit buffer empty flag is ‘1’, the next transmit data can be written to the
transmit buffer register.
3: The supply of the synchronous clock pulse to the transmit shift register stops automatically
upon transmit completion when the BRG output/4 is selected as the synchronous clock.
However, when the next transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register during the
‘0’ state of the transmit shift completion flag, the supply of the synchronous clock pulse
continues, and data is successively transmitted.
When the external clock is selected as the synchronous clock, shift operation continues as
long as the external clock is being input. Therefore, it is necessary to stop the external
clock after transmission is completed.
Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt
In the following cases, the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is
set to ‘1’: then the interrupt request is generated.
• When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘0’, and the data written to the transmit buffer
register is transferred to the transmit shift register (‘Transmit Operation ➁’).
• When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘1’, and the shift operation of the transmit shift
register is completed (‘Transmit Operation ➄’).
Figure 1.14.9 shows the transmit operation of clock synchronous serial I/O. The numbers in the figure
corresponds to those of the above-mentioned ‘Transmit Operation’.
Figure 1.14.10 shows a transmit timing of clock synchronous serial I/O.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1
3
Data bus
Synchronous clock
Writing transmit data
b0
Address 00E016 Transmit buffer register
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
P15/TxD
Transmit shift register
1
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
1
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
0
0
b0
b2
Transmit buffer empty flag
2
Transmit shift completion flag
4
Address 00E016 Transmit buffer register
Transferring transmit data
Synchronous clock
b0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
Transmit shift register
P15/TxD
Transmit shift register
0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
5
Synchronous clock
1
b0
b0
D7
Transmit buffer empty flag
P15/TxD
Transmit shift register
0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
1
b2
Transmit shift completion flag
Figure 1.14.9 Transmit Operation of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
Synchronous clock
TxD pin
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Transmit buffer register
write signal
SRDY pin
Transmit buffer empty flag
Transmit shift completion flag
(Note 1)
(Note 2)
A
A
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt request bit
A : Clearing by writing ‘0’ to the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit or
accepting a serial I/O transmit interrupt request.
Notes 1: When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘0’ (transmit buffer is emptied).
2: When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘1’ (transmit shift operation is completed).
Figure 1.14.10 Transmit Timing of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
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1.14 Serial I/O
(3) Operations of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Reception
Receive Operation
➀ Synchronized with a rising edge of the synchronous clock, a transmitted bit data is received on
the RxD pin, which is stored in the most significant bit (MSB) of the receive shift register.
➁ The contents of the receive shift register are shifted to the low-order direction by one bit every time
a bit data is received, and the next bit data is stored in the MSB. 8-bit data is fully stored in the
receive shift register by repeating this shift operation 8 times.
➂ The completely received 8-bit data stored in the receive shift register is transferred to the receive
buffer register. When the data transfer to the receive buffer register is completed, the receive
buffer full flag of the serial I/O status register is set to ‘1’ (Note).
Note: If the next data is stored completely word in the receive shift register before the data transferred
from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register is read through, the overrun error
is generated. At this time, the overrun error flag and the summing error flag of the serial I/O
status register are set to ‘1’. For the handling in this case, refer to ‘ Handling when overrun
error is generated’ in (5) Notes on Usage of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O.
When the receive buffer register is read, the receive buffer full flag is cleared to ‘0’.
Serial I/O Receive Interrupt
When the data stored completely in the receive shift register is transferred to the receive buffer
register (‘Receive Operation ➂’), the serial I/O receive interrupt request bit of interrupt request
register 1 is set to ‘1’; then the interrupt request is generated.
Figure 1.14.11 shows the receive operation of clock synchronous serial I/O. The numbers in the
figure corresponds to those of the above-mentioned ‘Receive Operation’.
Figure 1.14.12 shows a receive timing of clock synchronous serial I/O.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1
3
Synchronous clock
Synchronous clock
b0
P14/RxD
2
Receive shift register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Transferring receive data
Address 00E016 Receive buffer register
D0
Receive shift register
Synchronous clock
b0
P14/RxD
0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
D3 D2 D1 D0
1
Receive shift register
b1
Receive buffer full flag
Figure 1.14.11 Receive Operation of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
Synchronous clock
RxD pin
Transmit buffer register
write signal
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Reading to receive shift register
SRDY pin
Receive buffer read signal
Receive buffer full flag
Serial I/O receive interrupt
request bit
A
A : Clearing by writing ‘0’ to the serial I/O receive interrupt request bit or
accepting a serial I/O receive interrupt request.
Figure 1.14.12 Receive Timing of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
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1.14 Serial I/O
(4) Setting of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
Figures 1.14.13 and 1.14.14 show the setting of clock synchronous serial I/O.
Procedure 1 Stop and initialization of serial I/O operation
b7
b0
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
0 0
Transmit operation stop and initialized
Receive operation stop and initialized
Procedure 2 Disabling serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt
b7
b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
0 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt disabled
Serial I/O transmit interrupt disabled
Procedure 3 Setting baud rate generator when BRG output/4 is selected as synchronous clock
Baud rate generator (BRG) [Address 00E416]
Baud rate value is set
Procedure 4 Setting serial I/O control register
b7
1 1
b0
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
BRG count source selection
(valid only when BRG output/4 is selected as synchronous clock)
0: f(XIN)/4
1: f(XIN)/16
Serial I/O synchronous clock selection
0: BRG output/ 4
1: External clock input
SRDY output enable selection
0: P17/SRDY pin is operated as normal I/O pin
1: P17/SRDY pin is operated as SRDY pin (Note 1)
Transmit interrupt source selection (valid only when transmitting)
0: when transmit buffer is empty
1: when transmit shift operation is completed
Transmit enable selection
0: transmit disabled
1: transmit enabled (Note 2)
Receive enable selection
0: receive disabled
1: receive enabled
Clock synchronous serial I/O selected
Serial I/O enabled (P14–P17 are operated as serial I/O pin)
Notes 1: When the following conditions are satisfied, set the transmit enable bit
in addition to the receive enable bit and SRDY output enable bit to ‘1’.
• Half-duplex communication is performed
• External clock is selected as synchronous clock for receive side
• SRDY output is performed.
2: Keep SCLK pin input HIGH when writing transmit enable bit to ‘1’
to select the external clock input as the synchronous clock.
Figure 1.14.13 Setting of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O (1)
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Procedure 5 Setting interrupt when serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt is used (Note 3)
1. ‘0’ is set to serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt request bit
b7
b0
0 0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
Serial I/O receive interrupt request bit (when receiving)
Serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit (when transmitting)
2. Serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt is enabled
b7
b0
1 1
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
Serial I/O receive interrupt enabled (when receiving)
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enabled (when transmitting)
Notes 3: Refer to Handling when overrun error is generated in
(5) Notes on Usage of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O.
Procedure 6 Start of data transmit/receive
Transmit buffer register (TB) [Address 00E016]
Writing transmit data when transmitting (Note 4)
Writing dummy data when receiving half-duplex communication
Notes 4: Keep SCLK pin input HIGH when writing transmit data to transmit buffer register
to select the external clock input as the synchronous clock.
Figure 1.14.14 Setting of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O (2)
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1.14 Serial I/O
(5) Notes on Usage of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
Pay attention to the following notes when clock synchronous serial I/O is selected.
Selecting External Clock as Synchronous Clock
Perform the following operations while the SCLK pin input is HIGH during transmission:
• Write ‘1’ to the transmit enable bit
• Write transmit data to the transmit buffer register
The shift operations of the transmit shift register and the receive shift register are performed while
the synchronous clock is being input to the serial I/O circuit. Stop the synchronous clock with 8
cycles.
Keep the HIGH- and the LOW- width (TWH and T WL) of the pulses used as the external clock
source T WH, TWL [s] ≥ (8/f(X IN) [Hz]). For example, use a frequency of 500 kHz or less (50% duty
cycle) as the external clock source when f(X IN) = 8 MHz.
Set the transmit enable bit to ‘1’ as well as the receive enable bit and the S RDY output enable bit
of the serial I/O control register when the receiver outputs the SRDY signal.
Handling Recovering from Errors Generated
Handling when overrun error is generated
If the next data is stored completely word in the receive shift register before the data transferred
from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register is read through, the overrun error is
generated. At this time, the overrun error flag and the summing error flag of the serial I/O status
register are set to ‘1’. The contents of the receive shift register are not transferred to the receive
buffer register, so that the contents of the receive buffer register remain unaffected. As a result,
if the contents of the receive buffer register are read, the data of the receive shift register is not
transferred to the receive buffer register and becomes invalid.
When the overrun error occurs, clear the overrun error flag to ‘0’ by any of the following operations,
and perform receive preparation again.
• Clear the serial I/O enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’. (In this case, only the
overrun error flag returns to ‘0’.)
• Clear the receive enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’.
• Write dummy data into the serial I/O status register.
Referring to Transmit Shift Completion Flag
The transmit shift completion flag changes from ‘1’ to ‘0’ with a delay of 0.5 to 1.5 clocks of the
synchronous clock. Therefore, pay attention to this delay when data transmission is controlled, by
referring to the transmit shift completion flag after the transmit data is written to the transmit buffer
register.
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Stopping Transmission/Reception of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O
In order to stop the transmit operation in half-duplex transmission, clear the transmit enable bit of
the serial I/O control register to ‘0’. As a result, the following stop and initialization of transmit
operation are performed:
• To stop and initialize the clock supplied to the transmit shift register
• To clear the transmit shift register (Only when ‘0’ is written to the transmit enable bit while the
SCLK pin input is HIGH, selecting an external clock as the synchronous clock.)
• To clear the transmit buffer empty flag and transmit shift completion flag
REASON: Neither stopping transmit operation nor initializing the transmitter circuit is performed
even when the serial I/O enable bit is cleared to ‘0’ (serial I/O disabled), and internal
transmit operation continues. (Because serial I/O pins TxD, RxD, S CLK , and S RDY
function as I/O port pins, transmit data cannot be output to the external.)
In order to stop the receive operation in half-duplex transmission, clear the receive enable bit or
the serial I/O enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’. As a result, the following stop and
initialization of the receive operation are performed:
• To stop and initialize the clock supplied to the receive shift register
• To clear the receive shift register
• To clear every error flag
• To clear the receive buffer full flag
In order to stop the transmit and receive operations in full-duplex transmission, clear both the
transmit enable bit and the receive enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’ at the same
time. (To stop only one of the transmit or receive operation cannot be done in the full-duplex
communication of clock synchronous serial I/O.)
REASON: In clock synchronous serial I/O, the same clock is used for transmission and reception.
Therefore, transmission and reception cannot be synchronized when either transmit or
receive operation is disabled, causing displacement of bit positions.
Re-setting Serial I/O Control Register
Re-set the serial I/O control register according to the following sequence:
➀ Clear both the transmit and receive enable bits of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’ to stop and
initialize transmit and receive operations.
➁ Set bits 0 to 3 and 6 of the serial I/O control register.
➂ Set the transmit enable bit or receive enable bit to ‘1’.
(Procedures ➁ and ➂ can be performed simultaneously with the LDM instruction.)
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Using Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt and Serial I/O Receive Interrupt
Set the associated registers in the following sequence to use serial I/O transmit interrupt.
➀ Clear the serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘0’.
➁ Set the serial I/O control register.
➂ Execute one or more instructions such as NOP.
➃ Clear the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 to ‘0’.
➄ Set the serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘1’.
REASONS 1: If normal port pins are switched to serial I/O pins with the serial I/O control register,
the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit may become ‘1’.
2: If the transmit enable bit of the serial I/O control register is set to ‘1’, the transmit
buffer empty flag and the transmit shift completion flag are ‘1’. As a result, the serial
I/O transmit interrupt request bit becomes ‘1’ regardless of the state of the transmit
interrupt source selection bit of the serial I/O control register, and the interrupt
request is generated.
Set the associated registers in the following sequence to use serial I/O receive interrupt.
➀ Clear the serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘0’.
➁ Set the serial I/O control register.
➂ Execute one or more instructions, such as NOP.
➃ Clear the serial I/O receive interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 to ‘0’.
➄ Set the serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘1’.
REASON: If normal port pins are switched to serial I/O pins with the serial I/O control register, the
serial I/O receive interrupt request bit may become ‘1’.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1.14.3 Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART)
In clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART), the transmit operation of the transmitter and the receive operation
of the receiver are performed simultaneously, synchronizing with the synchronous clock used for transferring,
which is generated by the clock control circuit.
In UART, the transmitter and the receiver have the same transmit/receive baud rate and the same data
transfer format.
UART is selected by clearing the serial I/O mode selection bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’.
Data Communication
• Half-duplex communication: one of the two communicating microcomputers operates only as a transmitter
and the other only as a receiver at a time or vice versa.
• Full-duplex communication: both of the two communicating microcomputers operate simultaneously as
transmitter and receiver.
Synchronous Clock
A synchronous clock is selected by the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit of the serial I/O control
register as follows:
• 0: BRG output /16
• 1: External clock/16 input to the S CLK pin
For the BRG output, refer to (5) Baud Rate Generator in Section 1.14.1.
Notes 1: In UART, the P16/SCLK pin can be used as port pin P16 when the BRG output/16 is selected as
the synchronous clock, since the S CLK pin is not used to output the synchronous clock to the
external.
2: When the external clock/16 is selected as a synchronous clock, keep the HIGH- and the LOWwidth (T WH and T WL) of the pulses used as the external clock source T WH , T WL [s] ≥ (2/f(X IN)
[Hz]). For example, use a frequency of 2 MHz or less (50% duty cycle) as the external clock
source when f(XIN) = 8 MHz.
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1.14 Serial I/O
Data Transfer Rate (Baud Rate)
In UART, the baud rate, which is the frequency of the synchronous clock, is calculated by the following
formulas.
• When the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit is ‘0’:.
(BRG output/16 is selected as the synchronous clock.)
Baud rate [bps] =
f(XIN)
Division ratio (Note 1) × (BRG setting value (Note 2) + 1) × 16
Notes 1: BRG count source selection bit of the serial I/O control register is as follows:
• ‘0’: Division ratio is 4
• ‘1’: Division ratio is 16.
2: The value written to the baud rate generator (0016 to FF 16).
• When the serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit is ‘1’
(the external clock/16 input is selected as the synchronous clock):
Baud rate [bps] =
External clock input frequency from the S CLK pin
16
Table 1.14.2 lists an example of baud rates.
Table 1.14.2 Example of Baud Rates
Baud Rate
[bps]
300
600
1200
2400
4800
9600
15600
31200
41600
f(X IN ) = 7.9872 MHz
BRG Setting Value
Count Source
f(X IN) = 3.9936 MHz
Count Source
BRG Setting Value
f(X IN)/16
51 (3316)
f(X IN)/16
103 (67 16)
f(X IN)/16
51 (3316)
f(X IN)/16
25 (1916)
f(X IN)/16
25 (1916)
f(X IN)/16
12 (0C 16)
f(X IN)/16
12 (0C 16)
f(XIN)/4
25 (1916)
f(XIN)/4
25 (1916)
f(XIN)/4
12 (0C 16)
f(XIN)/4
12 (0C 16)
f(XIN)/4
f(XIN)/4
7 (07 16)
3 (03 16)
f(XIN)/4
2 (02 16)
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1.14 Serial I/O
Data Transfer Formats
In UART, the data transfer formats shown in Figure 1.14.15 can be selected with the UART control register.
LSB
• 1ST – 8DATA – 1SP
ST
• 1ST – 8DATA – 2SP
ST
• 1ST – 8DATA – 1PA – 1SP
ST
D0
MSB
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
LSB
D0
ST
• 1ST – 7DATA – 1SP
ST
• 1ST – 7DATA – 2SP
ST
• 1ST – 7DATA – 1PA – 1SP
ST
• 1ST – 7DATA – 1PA – 2SP
ST
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
PA
SP
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
PA
SP
SP
D6
SP
D6
SP
SP
PA
SP
PA
SP
MSB
LSB
D0
D7
MSB
LSB
D0
SP
MSB
LSB
D0
SP
MSB
LSB
D0
D7
MSB
LSB
• 1ST – 8DATA – 1PA – 2SP
SP
MSB
LSB
D0
D7
D6
MSB
D6
SP
ST: Start bit
Di(i = 0 to 7): Data bit
PA: Parity bit
SP: Stop bit
Figure 1.14.15 Data Transfer Formats in UART
Table 1.14.3 lists the setting of the UART control register, and Table 1.14.4 lists the function of the UART
data transfer bits.
Table 1.14.3 Setting of UART Control Register
Transfer Data Format
b3 (Note 1)
1ST—8DATA—1SP
0
1ST—7DATA—1SP
0
1ST—8DATA—1PA—1SP
0
0
1ST—7DATA—1PA—1SP
1ST—8DATA—2SP
1
UART Control Register
b2 (Note 2)
b1 (Note 3)
0
0
0
1
0: Even parity
1
0
1: Odd parity
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
—
—
1ST—7DATA—2SP
1
1ST—8DATA—1PA—2SP
1
0: Even parity
1ST—7DATA—1PA—2SP
Notes 1: Stop bit length selection bit
2: Parity selection bit
3: Parity enable bit
4: Character length selection bit
1
1: Odd parity
1-128
b0 (Note 4)
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1.14 Serial I/O
Table 1.14.4 Function of UART Transfer Data Bits
Name
Start Bit
Function
(ST)
Indicates the start of data transmission. The LOW signal of one-bit wide is added to the
head of the transmit data.
Data Bits
The transmit data written into UART transmit buffer register.
(DATA)
Data ‘0’ represents LOW, and ‘1’ the HIGH signal.
Parity Bit
(PA)
Added to the end of the data bits to enhance the reliability of communications. The number
of ‘1’ in transmit/receive data including parity bit keeps even or odd according to the setting
value of parity selection bit.
Added to the end of the data bits (or after the parity bit if parity is valid) and indicates the
transmission is completed. The HIGH signal of one or two bits wide is output as stop bit.
Stop Bit(s)
(SP)
(1) Block Diagram of UART
Figure 1.14.16 shows the block diagram of UART.
Data bus
RxD
P14
Receive enable bit
(RE)
Overrun error
ST detection
flag(OE)
7 bits
Character length
8 bits
selection bit (CHAS)
Address 00E216
Serial I/O control register
Address 00E016
Receive buffer register
Receive buffer full flag (RBF)
Receive interrupt request (RI)
Receive shift register
Address 00E316
UART control register
SP detection
1/16
Parity error flag (PE)
Framing error flag (FE)
Clock control circuit
Serial I/O enable bit(SIOE)
Serial I/O synchronous clock selection bit (SCS)
SCLK
XIN
1/4
BRG count source
selection bit (CSS)
TxD
Division ratio 1/(n + 1)
Baud rate generator
Address 00E416
1/4
Transmit enable bit
(TE)
Serial I/O synchronous clock
selection bit (SCS)
ST/SP/PA generation
1/16
Transmit shift register
Character length
selection bit (CHAS)
P16 P15
Transmit shift completion flag (TSC)
Transmit interrupt source
selection bit (TIC)
Transmit buffer register
Address 00E016
Transmit interrupt request (TI)
Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE)
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
Data bus
Figure 1.14.16 Block Diagram of UART
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1.14 Serial I/O
(2) Operations of UART Transmission
Transmit Operation
➀ When transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register, the transmit buffer empty flag of the
serial I/O status register is cleared to ‘0’.
➁ The transmit data written to the transmit buffer register is transferred to the transmit shift register.
When the data transfer to the transmit shift register is completed, the transmit buffer empty flag
goes to ‘1’ (Note 1).
➂ Synchronized with a falling edge of the synchronous clock, the start bit (the LOW level) is output
from the TxD pin.
➃ Synchronized with the next falling edge of the synchronous clock, the least significant bit (LSB)
of the transmit data transferred to the transmit shift register is output from the TxD pin. At this time,
the contents of the transmit shift register are shifted to the low-order direction by one bit, and the
serial I/O transmit shift completion flag is cleared to ‘0’.
➄ By repeating the shift operation of ‘Transmit Operation ➃’ ‘n’ times (‘n’: the number of bits set by
the character length selection bit of the UART control register), the transmit data is output from
the TxD pin by the bit from the LSB.
➅ After the transmit data is output, the parity bit, and then the stop bit (the HIGH level), are output
from the TxD pin synchronized with falling edges of the synchronous clock. The parity bit and the
stop bit are generated and output automatically, according to the setting of the parity enable bit,
the parity selection bit, and the stop bit length selection bit of the UART control register.
When the last stop bit of the transfer format is output, the transmit shift completion flag is set to
‘1’ at the next rising edge of the synchronous clock (Note 2).
Notes 1: When the transmit buffer empty flag is ‘1’, the next transmit data can be written to the
transmit buffer register.
2: The supply of the synchronous clock pulse to the transmit shift register stops automatically
upon transmit completion when the BRG output/16 is selected as the synchronous clock.
However, when the next transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register during the
‘0’ state of the transmit shift completion flag, the supply of the synchronous clock pulse
continues, and data is successively transmitted.
Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt
In the following cases, the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is
set to ‘1’; then the interrupt request is generated:
• When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘0’, and the data written to the transmit buffer
register is transferred to the transmit shift register (‘Transmit Operation ➁’).
• When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘1’, and the shift operation of the transmit shift
register is completed (‘Transmit Operation ➅’).
Figure 1.14.17 shows the transmit operation of UART, and Figure 1.14.18 shows a transmit timing
example in UART.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1
4
Data bus
Writing transmit data
Address 00E016 Transmit buffer register
Synchronous clock
b0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
P15/TxD
Transmit shift register
1
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
1
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
0
0
b0
Transmit buffer empty flag
2
b2
Transmit shift completion flag
5
Address 00E016 Transmit buffer register
Synchronous clock
b0
Transferring transmit data
Transmit shift register
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1
P15/TxD
Transmit shift register
0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
6
1
Synchronous clock
b0
SP
Transmit buffer empty flag
3
Synchronous clock
0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
b0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ST
P15/TxD
1
P15/TxD
b2
Transmit shift register
Transmit shift completion flag
Figure 1.14.17 Transmit Operation of UART
• Example of 1ST-8DATA-1SP
Synchronous clock
TxD pin
ST
D0
D1
D2
D6
D7
SP
Transmit buffer register
write signal
Transmit buffer empty flag
Transmit shift completion flag
(Note 1)
(Note 2)
A
A
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt request bit
A : Clearing by writing ‘0’ to the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit or
accepting a serial I/O transmit interrupt request.
Notes 1: When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘0’ (transmit buffer is emptied).
2: When the transmit interrupt source selection bit is ‘1’ (transmit shift operation is completed).
Figure 1.14.18 Transmit Timing example in UART
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1.14 Serial I/O
(3) Operations of UART Reception
Receive Operation
➀ When a falling edge of the RxD pin input is detected, this input level to the RxD pin is identified
according to the subsequent rising edge of the synchronous clock as follows:
• As the start bit when the level is LOW.
• As noise when the level is HIGH. In this case, the CPU suspends the receive operation and
enters the waiting state for the next start bit.
➁ Synchronized with the rising edge of the synchronous clock, transmitted data is received on the
RxD pin by the bit and stored in the most significant bit (MSB) of the receive shift register. Every
time a data bit is received, the contents of the receive shift register are shifted by one bit to the
low-order direction.
➂ The receive shift operation of ‘Receive Operation ➁’ is performed ‘n’ times (‘n’: the number of bits
set by the character length selection bit of the UART control register), and the received data is
stored completely in the receive shift register (Note 1).
➃ The received data stored completely in the receive shift register is transferred to the receive buffer
register.
➄ The parity bit and the stop bit are input to the RxD pin synchronized with rising edges of the
synchronous clock. When the last stop bit (the HIGH level) is input to the RxD pin, the receive
buffer full flag of the serial I/O status register is set to ‘1’ at the subsequent falling edge of the
synchronous clock (Note 2).
At this time, error flags are checked.
Notes 1: When the character length selection bit is ‘1’ (7 bits wide), the MSB of the receive buffer
register becomes ‘0’.
2: If the next data is stored completely in the receive shift register before the data transferred
from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register is read through (the receive
buffer full flag is ‘1’), the overrun error is generated. At this time, the overrun error flag and
the summing error flag of the serial I/O status register is set to ‘1’. Refer to (5) Notes on
Usage of UART.
When the receive buffer register is read, the receive buffer full flag is cleared to ‘0’.
Serial I/O Receive Interrupt
When the receive buffer full flag goes to ‘1’ (‘Receive Operation ➄’), the serial I/O receive interrupt
request bit of interrupt request register 1 is set to ‘1’; then the interrupt request is generated.
Figure 1.14.19 shows the receive operation of UART and Figure 1.14.20 shows a receive timing
example in UART.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1
5
Synchronous clock
HIGH is identified as noise.
RxD (Noise)
RxD (SP)
Stop bit detected
LOW is identified as a start bit.
RxD (ST)
2
Synchronous clock
0 0 0 0
Serial I/O status register
Address 00E116
∗ ∗∗ ∗
b6 b5 b4 b3
Synchronous clock
0
1
b1
Receive buffer full flag
b0
P14/RxD
3
D0
Receive shift register
Synchronous clock
b0
P14/RxD
D3 D2 D1 D0
Receive shift register
4
∗ : b3
•••
Overrun error flag (OE); set to ‘1’ when overrun error occurs.
b4
•••
Parity error flag (PE); set to ‘1’ when parity error occurs.
b5
•••
Framing error flag (FE); set to ‘1’ when framing error occurs.
b6
•••
Summing error flag (SE); set to ‘1’ when OE U PE U FE = 1.
Synchronous clock
Receive shift register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
Receive data transfer
Address 00E016 Receive buffer register
Figure 1.14.19 Receive Operation of UART
• Example of 1ST-7DATA-1PA-1SP
Synchronous clock
RxD pin
ST
Test whether a start bit or not
Receive buffer register
read signal
D0
D1
D2
D6
PA
SP
Reading to the receive shift register
Receive buffer full flag
Serial I/O receive interrupt
request bit
A
A : Clearing by writing ‘0’ to the serial I/O receive interrupt request bit or
accepting a serial I/O receive interrupt request.
Figure 1.14.20 Receive Timing Example in UART
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1.14 Serial I/O
(4) Setting of UART
Figures 1.14.21 and 1.14.22 show the setting of UART.
Procedure 1 Stop of serial I/O operation and initialization
b7
b0
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
0 0
Transmission operation stop and initialized
Receive operation stop and initialized
Procedure 2 Disabling serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt
b7
b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
0 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt disabled
Serial I/O transmit interrupt disabled
Procedure 3 Setting baud rate generator when BRG output/16 is selected as synchronous clock
Baud rate generator (BRG) [Address 00E416]
Baud rate value is set
Procedure 4 Setting serial I/O control register
b7
1 0
b0
X
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
BRG count source selection
(valid only when BRG output/16 is selected as synchronous clock)
0: f(XIN)/4
1: f(XIN)/16
Serial I/O synchronous clock selection
0: BRG output/16 (Note 1)
1: External clock input/16
This bit is invalid when UART is selected.
Transmit interrupt source selection (valid only when transmitting)
0: when transmit buffer is empty
1: when transmit shift operation is completed
Transmit enable selection
0: transmit disabled
1: transmit enabled
Receive enable selection
0: receive disabled
1: receive enabled
Clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART) selected
Serial I/O enabled (P14–P16 are operated as serial I/O pin)
Notes 1: When BRG output/16 is selected as the synchronous clock,
P16/SCLK pin can be used as port pin P16 because the synchronous clock
is not output externally from SCLK pin.
Figure 1.14.21 Setting of UART (1)
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1.14 Serial I/O
Procedure 5 Setting UART control register
b7
b0
UART control register (UARTCON) [Address 00E316]
Character length selection
0: 8 bits
1: 7 bits
Parity enable selection
0: Parity disabled
1: Parity enabled
Parity selection (valid only when parity enabled)
0: Even parity
1: Odd parity
Stop bit length selection
0: 1 stop bit
1: 2 stop bits
Procedure 6 Setting interrupt when serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt is used (Note 2)
1. ‘0’ is set to serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt request bit
b7
b0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
0 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt request bit (when receiving)
Serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit (when transmitting)
2. Serial I/O transmit/receive interrupt is enabled
b7
b0
1 1
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
Serial I/O receive interrupt enabled (when receiving)
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enabled (when transmitting)
Notes 2: Refer to Using Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt and Serial I/O Receive Interrupt
in (5) Notes on Usage of UART.
Procedure 7 Start of data transmit when transmitting
Transmit buffer register (TB) [Address 00E016]
Writing transmit data
Figure 1.14.22 Setting of UART (2)
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1.14 Serial I/O
(5) Notes on Usage of UART
Pay attention to the following notes when UART is selected.
Selecting BRG output/16 as Synchronous Clock
Since the SCLK pin is not used to output the synchronous clock to the external, the P16/SCLK pin can
be used as normal port pin P16 .
Selecting External Clock/16 Input as Synchronous Clock
Keep the HIGH- and the LOW- width (TWH and T WL) of the pulses used as the external clock source
T WH, TWL [s] ≥ (2/f(X IN) [Hz]). For example, use a frequency of 2 MHz or less (50% duty cycle) as
the external clock source when f(XIN) = 8 MHz.
Handling Recovering from Errors Generated
Handling when parity error or framing error is generated
When the parity error or the framing error occurs, the flag corresponding to each error and the
summing error flag of the serial I/O status register are set to ‘1’. To clear these flags to ‘0’, perform
either of the following operations.
• Clear the receive enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’.
• Write dummy data to the serial I/O status register.
Handling when overrun error is generated
If the next data is stored completely in the receive shift register before the data transferred from
the receive shift register to the receive buffer register is read through, the overrun error is generated.
At this time, the overrun error flag and the summing error flag of the serial I/O status register are
set to ‘1’. The contents of the receive shift register are not transferred to the receive buffer
register, so that the contents of the receive buffer register remain unaffected. As a result, if the
contents of the receive buffer register are read, the data of the receive shift register is not transferred
to the receive buffer register and becomes invalid.
When the overrun error occurs, clear the overrun error flag to ‘0’ by any of the following operations
and perform receive preparation again.
• Clear the serial I/O enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’. (In this case, only the
overrun error flag returns to ‘0’.)
• Clear the receive enable bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’.
• Write dummy data into the serial I/O status register.
Referring to Transmit Shift Completion Flag
The transmit shift completion flag changes from ‘1’ to ‘0’ with a delay of 0.5 to 1.5 clocks of the
synchronous clock. Therefore, pay attention to this delay when data transmission is controlled, by
referring to the transmit shift completion flag after the transmit data is written to the transmit buffer
register.
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1.14 Serial I/O
Stopping Transmission/Reception of UART
In order to stop the transmit operation of UART, clear the transmit enable bit of the serial I/O
control register to ‘0’. As a result, the following stop and initialization of transmit operation are
performed:
• To stop and initialize the clock supplied to the transmit shift register
• To clear the transmit shift register.
• To clear the transmit buffer empty flag and transmit shift completion flag
In order to stop the receive operation of UART, clear the receive enable bit or the serial I/O enable
bit of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’. As a result, the following stop and initialization of the
receive operation are performed:
• To stop and initialize the clock supplied to the receive shift register
• To clear the receive shift register
• To clear every error flag
• To clear the receive buffer full flag
Re-setting Serial I/O Control Register
Re-set the serial I/O control register according to the following sequence to stop and initialize transmit
and receive operations:
➀ Clear both of the transmit and receive enable bits of the serial I/O control register to ‘0’.
➁ Set bits 0 to 3 and 6 of the serial I/O control register.
➂ Set both the transmit and receive enable bits to ‘1’.
(Procedures ➁ and ➂ can be performed simultaneously with the LDM instruction.)
Using Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt and Serial I/O Receive Interrupt
Set the associated registers in the following sequence to use serial I/O transmit interrupt.
➀ Clear the serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘0’.
➁ Set the serial I/O control register.
➂ Execute one or more instructions such as NOP.
➃ Clear the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 to ‘0’.
➄ Set the serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘1’.
REASONS 1: If normal port pins are switched to serial I/O pins with the serial I/O control register,
the serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit may become ‘1’.
2: If the transmit enable bit of the serial I/O control register is set to ‘1’, the transmit
buffer empty flag and the transmit shift completion flag are ‘1’. As a result, the serial
I/O transmit interrupt request bit becomes ‘1’ regardless of the state of the transmit
interrupt source selection bit of the serial I/O control register, and the interrupt
request is generated.
Set the associated registers in the following sequence to use serial I/O receive interrupt.
➀ Clear the serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘0’.
➁ Set the serial I/O control register.
➂ Execute one or more instructions, such as NOP.
➃ Clear the serial I/O receive interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 to ‘0’.
➄ Set the serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit of interrupt control register 1 to ‘1’.
REASON: If normal port pins are switched to serial I/O pins with the serial I/O control register, the
serial I/O receive interrupt request bit may become ‘1’.
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1.14 Serial I/O
1.14.4 Bus Arbitration
In the serial I/O communications of the contention
bus system shown in Figure 1.14.23, transmit data
may not correctly be sent on the transmission line
because of bus collision.
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, if the comparison
of the level of serial I/O transmit pin TxD with that
of serial I/O receive pin RxD results in a mismatch,
the bus arbitration interrupt request is generated.
This indicates that the bus collision occurred.
When the bus collision detection enable bit of the
bus collision detection control register is set to ‘1’,
bus collision detection can be performed. In addition,
bus collision detection is valid when any of the
following conditions is selected:
Serial I/O mode
• Clock synchronous serial I/O
• Clock asynchronous serial I/O (UART)
Synchronous clock
• BRG output divided
• External clock (or external clock/16)
LAN data bus
TxD
RxD
Interface
Driver/
Receiver
7480 Group
7481Group
Figure 1.14.23 Contention bus system communications
(1) Block Diagram
Figure 1.14.24 shows the block diagram of the bus arbitration interrupt.
TxD pin
RxD pin
D
Q
Bus arbitration interrupt request
Synchronous clock
Bus collision detection enable bit
Transmit enable bit
Figure 1.14.24 Block Diagram of Bus Arbitration Interrupt
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1.14 Serial I/O
(2) Operations of Bus Arbitration
Operations of bus arbitration in the serial I/O communications are described below.
Bus Collision Detection
The level of serial I/O transmit pin TxD is compared with that of serial I/O receive pin RxD, synchronized
with rising edges of the synchronous clock which is used in serial I/O communications.
• The level of 8-bit transmit data is referred for comparison in clock synchronous serial I/O.
• The levels of all transmitted bits, from the start to the stop bits, are referred for comparison in
UART.
Bus Arbitration Interrupt
When a mismatch results from the comparison of the level of the TxD pin with that of the RxD pin
in bus collision detection, the bus arbitration interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is set
to ‘1’; then the interrupt request is generated.
Figure 1.14.25 shows a timing of bus collision detection.
Synchronous clock
TxD pin
RxD pin
Bus arbitration interrupt
request bit
Bus arbitration
A
A : Clearing by writing ‘0’ to the bus arbitration interrupt request bit or
accepting a bus arbitration interrupt request.
Figure 1.14.25 Timing of Bus Collision Detection
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1.14 Serial I/O
(3) Setting of Bus Arbitration Interrupt
Figure 1.14.26 shows the setting of bus arbitration interrupt.
Procedure 1 Disabling of the acceptance of the interrupts associated serial I/O
b7
b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
0 0 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt disabled
Serial I/O transmit interrupt disabled
Bus arbitration interrupt disabled
Procedure 2 Setting serial I/O full-duplex communication
1. Set Baud Rate Generator when the divided BRG output/4 or 16 is selected as the synchronous clock.
2. Set Serial I/O Control Register (in full-duplex communication).
3. Set UART Control Register (in UART).
Procedure 3 Setting bus collision detection control register
b7
b0
1
Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON) [Address 00E516]
Bus collision detect enabled
Procedure 4 Setting the using interrupt request bit to ‘0’
b7
b0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
0 0 0
There is no serial I/O receive interrupt request
There is no serial I/O transmit interrupt request
There is no bus arbitration interrupt request
Procedure 5 Enabling the acceptance of the using interrupts
b7
b0
1 1 1
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
Serial I/O receive interrupt enabled
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enabled
Bus arbitration interrupt enabled
Procedure 6 Writing transmit data into transmit buffer register
Figure 1.14.26 Setting of Bus Arbitration Interrupt
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1.15 A-D Converter
1.15 A-D Converter
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group have a built-in A-D converter with:
• analog input pins ...................... 8 channels (alternative functions of port P2) (Note), and
• conversion system .................... 8-bit successive comparison.
When the A-D converter is not used, power dissipation can be reduced by clearing the VREF connection
selection bit of the A-D control register to ‘0’ and switching off V REF.
Note: In the 7480 Group, 4-channel analog input pins are implemented.
1.15.1 Block Diagram of A-D Converter
Figure 1.15.1 shows the block diagram of the A-D converter.
Data bus
b4
b0
A-D control register
(Address 00D916)
A-D control circuit
P20/IN0
P22/IN2
P23/IN3
P24/IN4
P25/IN5
Channel selector
P21/IN1
Comparator
A-D conversion
completion interrupt
request
A-D conversion
register
(Address 00DA16)
Switch tree
(Note 2)
Ladder resistor
P26/IN6
P27/IN7
VSS
(Note 1)
VREF
Notes 1: AVSS for the 44P6N package of the 7481 Group.
2: Port pins P24/IN4–P27/IN7 are not implemented in the 7480 Group.
Figure 1.15.1 Block Diagram of A-D Converter
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1.15 A-D Converter
1.15.2 Registers Associated with A-D Converter
Figure 1.15.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with the A-D converter.
00D916 A-D control register (ADCON)
00DA16 A-D conversion register (AD)
Figure 1.15.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with A-D Converter
(1) A-D Control Register
The A-D control register consists of the bits controlling the A-D converter.
Figure 1.15.3 shows the A-D control register.
A-D control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
A-D control register (ADCON) [Address 00D916]
b
0
Name
Analog input pin selection bits
1
2
Function
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 : P20/IN0
0 0 1 : P21/IN1
0 1 0 : P22/IN2
0 1 1 : P23/IN3
1 0 0 : P24/IN4
1 0 1 : P25/IN5
1 1 0 : P26/IN6
1 1 1 : P27/IN7
R
W
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
(Note)
3
A-D conversion completion bit
0 : Conversion in progress
1 : Conversion completed
1
O
∗
4
VREF connection selection bit
0 : Disconnect between VREF pin and
ladder resistor
1 : Connect between VREF pin and
ladder resistor
0
O
O
5
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
6
7
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Note: Do not perform setting in the 7480 Group.
Figure 1.15.3 A-D Control Register
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At reset
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1.15 A-D Converter
(2) A-D Conversion Register
This is a read-only register in which an A-D conversion result is stored.
Figure 1.15.4 shows the A-D conversion register.
A-D conversion register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
A-D conversion register (AD) [Address 00DA16]
b
0
Function
Read-only register to store the A-D conversion result.
At reset
R
Undefined
1
2
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
3
Undefined
O
4
5
Undefined
O
Undefined
O
6
Undefined
7
Undefined
O
O
W
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
Figure 1.15.4 A-D Conversion Register
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1.15 A-D Converter
1.15.3 Operations of A-D Converter
The A-D conversion system of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group is successive comparison conversion. The
comparison result of internally generated comparison voltage V ref with input voltage V IN from an analog
input pin is stored in the A-D conversion register.
The operations of the A-D converter are described below.
Start of A-D Conversion
When the A-D conversion completion bit of the A-D control register is cleared to ‘0’, A-D conversion is
started.
A-D Conversion
➀ The A-D conversion register goes to ‘0016’.
➁
Analog input voltage VIN is compared with comparison voltage Vref 8 times. The contents of the A-D
conversion register are determined by the bit from the MSB, each time a comparison is performed.
Comparison voltage Vref is determined by the following formula depending on the contents of the AD conversion register and reference voltage VREF, which is input from the VREF pin.
Expression of comparison voltage V ref
V ref =
0 ........................................when n = 0
V REF
× (n – 0.5) ........... when n = 1 to 255
256
V REF: Reference voltage input from the V REF pin
n
: The contents of the A-D conversion register
The first comparison (determination of bit 7 of A-D conversion register)
Bit 7 of the A-D conversion register is set to ‘1’, and comparison voltage Vref obtained by the above
formula is input to the comparator. Vref is compared with VIN, and bit 7 of the A-D conversion register
is determined, depending on the result of the comparison as follows:
• Bit 7 remains ‘1’ (retention) if V ref < V IN.
• Bit 7 is converted to ‘0’ if Vref > V IN .
Comparison from the second time (determination of bits 6 to 0 of A-D conversion register)
Every bit of bits 6 to 0 of the A-D conversion register is successively determined as bit 7 is done
in the first time. (The next bit to be determined is set to ‘1’, and the value of the bit is determined
by the comparison result of V IN with V ref.)
Figure 1.15.5 shows the change of the A-D conversion register and the comparison voltage during
A-D conversion.
➂
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A-D conversion is completed when comparison voltage Vref is compared with analog input voltage VIN
8 times and all bits of the A-D conversion register are determined. At this time, the A-D conversion
completion bit of the A-D control register becomes ‘1’.
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1.15 A-D Converter
The contents of A-D conversion register
At A-D conversion start
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
At the first comparison start
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
At the second comparison start
1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
At the third comparison start
1 2
At the eighth comparison start
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 0 0 0 0 0
1
Comparison voltage (Vref) [V]
0
VREF
2
VREF
2
–
±
VREF
512
VREF
4
VREF
512
VREF ± VREF ± VREF
VREF
– 512
2
4
8
VREF ± VREF ± VREF
2
4
8
.......
At A-D conversion completed
(at the eighth conversion completed)
–
.....
REF – VREF
± V256
512
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The digital value corresponding to
analog input voltage
m
: The determined value obtained by m
the m-th (m=1 to 8) comparison result
Figure 1.15.5 Change of A-D Conversion Register and Comparison Voltage during A-D Conversion
A-D conversion interrupt
When A-D conversion is completed, the A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit of interrupt request
register 1 is set to ‘1’; then an A-D conversion completion interrupt request is generated.
Reads from A-D conversion register
When A-D conversion is completed, the A-D conversion register is read to obtain the A-D conversion result.
The completion of A-D conversion can be acknowledged by any of the following conditions:
• The A-D conversion completion bit is ‘1’.
• The A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit is ‘1’.
• The branch to A-D conversion completion interrupt service routine occurs (when A-D conversion completion
interrupt enabled).
Note: Do not read from the A-D conversion register during A-D conversion operation.
A-D conversion time
A-D conversion ends in 50 cycles after its start. Because the A-D converter uses the clock input divided
by 2, f(X IN )/2, as the operating clock, A-D conversion time is fundamentally obtained by the following
formula:
A-D conversion time =
2
f(X IN)
× conversion cycles (50 cycles)
(12.5 µ s at f(X IN ) = 8 MHz)
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1.15 A-D Converter
1.15.4 Setting of A-D Conversion
Figure 1.15.6 shows the setting of A-D conversion.
Procedure 1 Disabling acceptance of A-D conversion completion interrupt
b7
b0
0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
A-D conversion completion interrupt acceptance disabled
Procedure 2 Setting A-D control register
b7
b0
A-D control register (ADCON) [Address 00D916]
1
Analog input pin selection
000: P20/IN0
001: P21/IN1
010: P22/IN2
011: P23/IN3
100: P24/IN4
101: P25/IN5
110: P26/IN6 (Note 1)
111: P27/IN7
VREF and ladder resistor connected
Procedure 3 Setting A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit to ‘0’
b7
b0
0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
There is no A-D conversion completion interrupt request.
Procedure 4 Enabling acceptance of interrupt when A-D conversion interrupt is used
b7
b0
1
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
A-D conversion completion interrupt acceptance enabled
Procedure 5 Start of A-D conversion (Note 2)
b7
b0
0
A-D control register (ADCON) [Address 00D916]
A-D conversion start
Notes 1: Do not set these bits in the 7480 Group.
2: Start A-D conversion after the following:
➀ the ladder resistor is connected to VREF pin
➁ VREF stabilization time elapses 1.0 µs or more.
Figure 1.15.6 Setting of A-D Conversion
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1.15 A-D Converter
1.15.5 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when the A-D converter is used.
The comparator consists of a capacitive coupling circuit, so that low clock input frequencies cause
electric charge to be lost.
• Use 1 MHz or more of f(XIN) during A-D conversion is performed.
• Do not execute the STP instruction during A-D conversion.
Voltages to be applied to the reference voltage input pin are as follows:
• V REF = 2 to V CC [V] when V CC = 2.7 V to 4.0 V
• V REF = 0.5 V CC to V CC [V] when V CC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V
When the A-D converter is not used, connect VREF pin to the VCC pin.
Apply the same voltage as to the V SS pin to analog power source voltage input pin AV SS. (The AVSS
pin is dedicated to the 44P6N-A package in the 7481 Group.)
Even when A-D conversion is started, the A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit is not automatically
cleared to ‘0’.
Clear this bit to ‘0’ before A-D conversion starts.
A-D conversion resumes when ‘0’ is written into the A-D conversion completion bit of the A-D control
register during A-D conversion.
To start A-D conversion, set the V REF connection selection bit of the A-D control register to ‘1’ to
connect ladder resistor and the VREF . A-D conversion can then be started, after the VREF stabilization
time elapses 1.0 µ s or more.
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1.15 A-D Converter
Figure 1.15.7 shows the internal equivalent circuit of analog input circuit. In order to perform the A-D
conversion correctly, complete the charge to the internal capacitor by the specified time. The maximum
output impedance of analog input source to complete the charge to the internal capacitor by this
specified time is shown below.
About 10 kΩ (at f(X IN ) = 8 MHz)
When the maximum value of output impedance is over the above value, take countermeasures, for
example, connect a capacitor (0.1 µF to 1 µ F) between analog input pins and VSS .
VCC
(Note 2)
P2i/INi pin
(i=0 to 7)
(Note 1)
R(about 6 Ω)
C1 = 10pF ± 50%
C2 (about 3 pF)
SW1(Note 3)
(Note 2)
SW2
Amplifier
VSS
VSS
Reference voltage generation circuit
Switch tree
Ladder resistor
VREF switch
VSS
VREF
Notes 1: In the 7480 Group, i = 0 to 3.
2: This is a parasitic diode of output transistor.
3: SW1 is turned on only when analog input pin is selected.
Figure 1.15.7 Internal equivalent circuit of analog input circuit
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1.16 Watchdog Timer
1.16 Watchdog Timer
If a program cannot run a normal loop by a runaway, etc., the watchdog timer provides the means of
returning the CPU to the reset state.
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, invalidating the STP and WIT instructions causes a runaway to be
detected more effectively. For the selection of the valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions, refer to
Section 1.19 Power Saving Function.
The watchdog timer is comprised of 7-bit watchdog timer L and 8-bit watchdog timer H (address 00FE16 ).
1.16.1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
Figure 1.16.1 shows the block diagram of the watchdog timer.
Data bus
‘7F16’ is set when writing to
watchdog timer H
1/8
XIN
‘0’
‘FF16’ is set when writing to
watchdog timer H
Watchdog timer L
(7 bits)
1/16 ‘1’
Watchdog timer L count
source selection bit
bit 7
Reset circuit
RESET
Watchdog timer H
(8 bits)
Internal reset
Figure 1.16.1 Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer
1.16.2 Registers Associated with Watchdog Timer
Figure 1.16.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with the watchdog timer.
00EF16
Watchdog timer H (WDTH)
00FB16
CPU mode register (CPUM)
Figure 1.16.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Watchdog Timer
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1.16 Watchdog Timer
(1) Watchdog Timer H
Watchdog timer H indicates the high-order 8 bits of the count value of the watchdog timer.
Figure 1.16.3 shows the watchdog timer H.
Watchdog timer H
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Watchdog timer H (WDTH) [Address 00EF16]
At reset
R
1
1
O
2
1
3
4
1
1
O
O
5
1
1
O
O
1
O
b
0
1
Function
The high-order count value of watchdog timer is indicated.
6
7
W
O
O
Note
Note: The following value is set by writing arbitrary data.
• watchdog timer L ← ‘7F16’
• watchdog timer H ← ‘FF16’
Figure 1.16.3 Watchdog Timer H
(2) CPU Mode Register
This register consists of the bits that select a stack page and an internal clock, as well as the bit that
selects a count source of the watchdog timer.
Figure 1.16.4 shows the CPU mode register.
CPU mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address 00FB16]
b
0
Name
Function
Fix these bits to ‘0’
1
W
O
0
0
O
0
2
Stack page selection bit
(Note)
0 : Zero page
1 : 1 page
0
O
O
3
Watchdog timer L count
source selection bit
0 : f(XIN)/8
1 : f(XIN)/16
0
O
O
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
6
Clock division
ratio selection bit
0
O
O
7
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
0 : f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode)
1 : f(XIN)/8 (medium-speed mode)
Note: In the products whose RAM size is 192 bytes or less, set this bit to ‘0’.
Figure 1.16.4 CPU Mode Register
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R
At reset
0
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1.16 Watchdog Timer
1.16.3 Operations of Watchdog Timer
The operations of the watchdog timer are described below.
Count Source
The watchdog timer can select the following count sources using watchdog timer L count source selection
bit of the CPU mode register:
• f(X IN )/8 when the bit is ‘0’
• f(X IN)/16 when the bit is ‘1’
Internal Operation
➀ When the write instructions (Note 1) are executed to watchdog timer H, the following values are placed
in watchdog timers H and L, regardless of the written value:
• ‘FF 16 ’ into watchdog timer H
• ‘7F 16’ into watchdog timer L
The watchdog timer starts counting by writing to watchdog timer H, and every time the count source is
input, the watchdog timer is decremented by 1.
➁ When bit 7 of watchdog timer H becomes ‘0’ by a down count (Note 2), the internal reset signal changes
from HIGH to LOW and the CPU enters the reset state. As a result, the internal state of the microcomputer
is set as shown in Figure 1.17.2 Internal State at Reset in Section 1.17 Reset. Timer 1 goes to ‘FF16’
to generate the wait time for the system releasing from reset, and then the watchdog timer starts
counting, using f(XIN)/8 as the count source.
➂ When an underflow occurs in timer 1, the internal reset signal is raised to the HIGH state and the system
is released from reset. The program is executed at the address stored in the reset vector area.
Notes 1: Write instructions which generate write signals, such as STA, LDM, and CLB.
2: The time from writing data into watchdog timer H to placing ‘0’ in bit 7 is 16384 (400016) cycles
of the count source.
Examples
At f(X IN ) = 8 MHz :
• 16.384 ms; when the frequency of the count source is f(XIN)/8
• 32.768 ms; when the frequency of the count source is f(XIN )/16
Figure 1.16.5 shows the internal processing sequence during reset by the watchdog timer.
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1.16 Watchdog Timer
XIN pin
Internal clock φ
2048 cycles of XIN pin input signal
Internal reset signal
Address bus
FFFE16 FFFF16 AL,AH
AL
Data bus
AH
SYNC pin
Bit 7 of Watchdog Timer H
changes from ‘1’ to ‘0’.
Internal Clock φ : Basic clock frequency of CPU, f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode) after system is released from reset.
AH, AL : Jump addresses stored in reset vector area.
SYNC : CPU opcode fetch cycle (it cannot be examined externally because it is an internal signal).
: Undefined
Figure 1.16.5 Internal Processing Sequence during Reset by Watchdog Timer
Countermeasures with Watchdog Timer against Runaway
Watchdog timer H is written to with the main routine, etc., to keep bit 7 from going to ‘0.’ (keep it at ‘1’).
In case of a program runaway by noise, watchdog timer H is not written to, so that bit 7 becomes ‘0’ and
the CPU returns to the reset state.
Operations in Stop and Wait Modes
• When the STP instruction is executed to enter the stop mode, the f(XIN) stops, causing the watchdog
timer to stop counting. When the stop mode is terminated, the watchdog timer starts counting in response
to the restarting of f(X IN) oscillation.
• When the WIT instruction is executed to enter the wait mode, CPU stops operating, whereas the watchdog
timer continues counting because the oscillation of f(XIN ) does not stop.
Note: The watchdog timer continues counting even during the oscillator start-up stabilization time (2048
cycles of the XIN pin input signal) after the stop mode is terminated, and the wait mode. Write to
watchdog timer in order to prevent bit 7 of watchdog timer H from going to ‘0’.
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, the valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions can be selected.
Invalidating these instructions causes a runaway to be detected more effectively when the watchdog timer
is used.
For details on the setting of the valid/invalid of the stop and wait modes and the STP and WIT instructions,
refer to Section 1.19 Power Saving Function.
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1.16 Watchdog Timer
1.16.4 Setting of Watchdog Timer
Figure 1.16.6 shows the setting of the watchdog timer.
Procedure 1 Selecting watchdog timer L count source
b7
b0
0 0
CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address 00FB16]
Watchdog timer L count soure selection
0: f(XIN)/8
1: f(XIN)/16
Procedure 2 Writing to watchdog timer H (Note 1)
FF16
Watchdog timer H (WDTH) [Address 00EF16]
Arbitrary data (Note 2)
Notes 1: Writing to watchdog timer H starts counting.
2: The following values are set regardless of written data.
• Watchdog Timer L ← ‘7F16’
• Watchdog Timer H ← ‘FF16’
Note: Internal reset occurs if bit 7 of watchdog timer H becomes ‘0’. Therefore, write to watchdog timer H
in the main routine in order to prevent bit 7 of watchdog timer H from going to ‘0’.
Since the timer counts for the start-up stabilization time (2048 cycles of the XIN pin input signal),
bit 7 of watchdog timer H must not be ‘0’ during this period.
Figure 1.16.6 Setting of Watchdog Timer
1.16.5 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when the watchdog timer is used.
Write to watchdog timer in the main routine in order to prevent bit 7 of watchdog timer H from going to
‘0’.
The watchdog timer continues counting even during the oscillator start-up stabilization time (2048 cycles
of the XIN pin input signal) after the stop mode is terminated, and the wait mode. Write to watchdog timer
in order to prevent bit 7 of watchdog timer H from going to ‘0’.
Do not operate the watchdog timer during system evaluation.
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1.17 Reset
1.17 Reset
When the LOW level is applied to the RESET pin for 2 µs or more, the internal reset signal becomes LOW,
and the CPU enters the reset state. Subsequently, when the HIGH level is applied to the RESET pin, the
internal reset signal becomes HIGH, and the system is released from reset after the oscillator start-up
stabilization time (Note) elapses. The program is resumed at the jump address stored in the reset vector
area after the system is released from reset.
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, even when bit 7 of watchdog timer H changes from ‘1’ to ‘0’, the internal
reset signal changes from HIGH to LOW, causing the CPU to enter the reset state. For details of the
watchdog timer, refer to Section 1.16 Watchdog Timer.
Note: 2048 cycles of the X IN pin input signal (counted by timer 1).
For an example of reset circuits, refer to Section 2.5 Reset.
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1.17 Reset
1.17.1 Reset Operations
The reset operations are described below.
➀ When the power source voltage is within specifications (Note) and clock input oscillation frequency f(XIN)
is stabled, the internal reset signal changes from HIGH to LOW by applying the LOW level to the RESET
pin for 2 µ s or more, causing the CPU to enter the reset state.
➁ Then the HIGH level is applied to the RESET pin, so that the internal state of the microcomputer is set,
as shown in Figure 1.17.2 Internal State at Reset. Timer 1 goes to ‘FF 16 ’ to generate the f(X IN )
oscillator start-up stabilization time and then starts counting, using f(X IN)/8 as the count source.
➂ When an underflow occurs in timer 1, the internal reset signal becomes HIGH and the system is released
from reset. The program is resumed at the address stored in the reset vector area.
Note: • 2.7 V to 4.5 V at f(X IN) = (2.2 V CC –2) MHz
• 4.5 V to 5.5 V at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz
Figure 1.17.1 shows the internal processing sequence after reset release.
VCC
XIN pin
Internal clock
φ
2 µs or more
RESET
2048 cycles of XIN pin input signal
Internal reset
Address bus
FFFE16 FFFF16
Data bus
AL
AL,AH
AH
SYNC pin
Internal clock φ : Basic clock frequency of CPU = f(XIN)/2
AH, AL : Jump addresses stored in reset vector area
SYNC : CPU opcode fetch cycle
(it cannot be examined externally because it is an internal signal)
: Undefined
Figure 1.17.1 Internal Processing Sequence after Reset Release
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1.17 Reset
1.17.2 Internal State at Reset
Figure 1.17.2 shows the internal state at reset.
Address Contents of register
b7
b0
(1)
Port P0 direction register (P0D)
00C116
0016
(2)
Port P1 direction register (P1D)
00C316
0016
(3)
Port P4 direction register (P4D)
00C916
0 0 0 0
(4)
Port P5 direction register (P5D)
00CB16
0 0 0 0
(5)
Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON)
00D016
(6)
Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON)
00D116
(7)
Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON)
00D216
(8)
Edge polarity selection register (EG)
00D416
(9)
A-D control register (ADCON)
00D916
0016
0 0
0016
0
0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0
(10) STP instruction operation control register (STPCON)
00DE16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
(11) Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS)
00E116 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(12) Serial I/O control register (SIOCON)
00E216
(13) UART control register (UARTCON)
00E316 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
(14) Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON)
00E516
0016
(15) Watchdog timer H (WDTH)
00EF16
FF16
(16) Timer X low-order (TXL)
00F016
FF16
(17) Timer X high-order (TXH)
00F116
FF16
(18) Timer Y low-order (TYL)
00F216
FF16
(19) Timer Y high-order (TYH)
00F316
FF16
(20) Timer 1 (T1)
00F416
FF16
(21) Timer X mode register (TXM)
00F616
0016
(22) Timer Y mode register (TYM)
00F716
0016
(23) Timer XY control register (TXYCON)
00F816 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
(24) Timer 1 mode register (T1M)
00F916
0016
(25) Timer 2 mode register (T2M)
00FA16
0016
(26) CPU mode register (CPUM)
00FB16
(27) Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1)
00FC16
(28) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2)
00FD16
(29) Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)
00FE16
(30) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2)
00FF16
0016
0
0 0 0 0
0016
0 0 0 0
0016
0 0 0 0
(31) Program counter (PCH)
Contents of FFFF16
(PCL)
Contents of FFFE16
(32) Processor status register (PS)
1
: Read back as undefined at reset.
Note: Since the contents of the registers and RAM not mentioned above are undefined at reset,
initialize them by software.
There are bits not implemented for some products.
For these bits, refer to each register.
Figure 1.17.2 Internal State at Reset
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1.17 Reset
1.17.3 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when reset is used.
Internal clock φ becomes f(XIN )/2 (high-speed mode) when the system is released from reset.
Timer 1 and timer 2 are counting when the system is released from reset.
Apply 0.32 V or less to the RESET pin at the time that power source voltage passes 2.7V, at power on.
When the STP instruction is executed in normal operations, I/O port pins retain the states immediately
before internal clock φ stops. If the CPU is then forced to the reset state from the stop mode, the I/O
pins go to the input mode with the high-impedance state.
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1.18 Oscillation Circuit
1.18 Oscillation Circuit
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group are equipped with a built-in clock generator providing the clock necessary
for operation of the microcomputer. An oscillation circuit is constructed by connecting a ceramic resonator
between the XIN and XOUT pins (Note 1). Also, an external clock can be supplied to the clock generator (Note
2).
The built-in feedback resistor connected between the XIN and XOUT pins allows the user to omit an external
resistor.
Notes 1: For an example of an oscillation circuit using a ceramic resonator, refer to Section 2.6 Oscillation
Circuit. Consult the manufacturer of the resonator for the oscillator start-up stabilization time.
2: Also, for an external clock circuit, refer to Section 2.6 Oscillation Circuit. Use a 50% duty cycle
pulse signal as the external clock input to the X IN pin. At this time, leave the X OUT pin open.
1.18.1 Block Diagram of Clock Generator
The clock generator controls the oscillation circuit. The generated clock (internal clock φ ) is supplied to the
CPU and the peripherals.
Figure 1.18.1 shows the block diagram of the clock generator.
XIN
XOUT
1/2
1/4
Timer 1
Clock dividing ratio selection bit
‘0’
Q
S
S
R
STP
instruction
WIT
instruction
Internal clock φ
‘1’
1/4
Q
R
Q
S
R
Reset
STP instruction
Reset
Interrupt disable flag
Interrupt request
Figure 1.18.1 Block Diagram of Clock Generator
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1.18 Oscillation Circuit
1.18.2 Register Associated with Oscillation Circuit
Figure 1.18.2 shows the memory map of the register associated with the oscillation circuit.
00FB16
CPU mode register (CPUM)
Figure 1.18.2 Memory Map of Register Associated with Oscillation Circuit
The CPU mode register consists of the bits that select a stack page and an internal clock, as well as the
bit that selects a count source of the watchdog timer.
Figure 1.18.3 shows the CPU mode register.
CPU mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address 00FB16]
b
0
Name
Function
Fix these bits to ‘0’.
1
At reset
R
0
O
W
0
0
0
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
2
Stack page selection bit
(Note)
0 : Zero page
1 : 1 page
3
Watchdog timer L count
source selection bit
0 : f(XIN)/8
1 : f(XIN)/16
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
6
Clock division
ratio selection bit
0
O
O
7
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
0 : f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode)
1 : f(XIN)/8 (medium-speed mode)
Note: In the products whose RAM size is 192 bytes or less, set this bit to ‘0’.
Figure 1.18.3 CPU Mode Register
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1.18 Oscillation Circuit
1.18.3 Oscillation Operations
(1) Oscillation Operations
The following clocks can be selected as internal clock φ by the clock division ratio selection bit of
the CPU mode register.
• X IN pin input divided by 2 (high-speed mode) when the bit is ‘0’.
• X IN pin input divided by 8 (medium-speed mode) when the bit is ‘1’.
Note: The oscillation circuit is held in the high-speed mode after the system is released from reset.
(2) Oscillation in Stop Mode
When the STP instruction is executed to enter the stop mode, internal clock φ stops in the HIGH
state, and the oscillation of f(XIN) stops, as well. At this time, timer 1 goes to ‘FF16’, and f(XIN)/8 is
selected as the count source.
CPU returns from stop mode by reset or accepting an external interrupt request (Note 1). In this time,
internal clock φ is not supplied to the CPU until an underflow occurs in timer 1, though the oscillation
of f(X IN) and internal clock φ are started. The reason is that oscillator start-up stabilization time is
required when an external resonator is used.
Note: Activate timer 1 and disable the acceptance of a timer 1 interrupt request before the STP
instruction is executed.
Notes 1: For interrupt sources that can be used to return from the stop mode, refer to Table 1.11.2
Interrupt Sources Available for CPU’s Return from Stop/Wait Mode.
For details of the stop mode, refer to Section 1.19.2 Stop Mode.
(3) Oscillation in Wait Mode
When the WIT instruction is executed to enter the wait mode, only internal clock φ stops in the HIGH
state.
When the CPU returns from the wait mode by reset or accepting an interrupt request (Note 2), the
supply of internal clock φ to the CPU is resumed. Since f(X IN) continues oscillation during the wait
mode, instructions can be executed immediately after the CPU returns from the wait mode.
Notes 2: For interrupt sources that can be used to return from the wait mode, refer to Table 1.11.2
Interrupt Sources Available for CPU’s Return from Stop/Wait Mode.
For details of the wait mode, refer to Section 1.19.3 Wait Mode.
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1.18 Oscillation Circuit
1.18.4 Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time
Oscillation is unstable immediately after oscillation is started in the oscillation circuit which uses a ceramic
resonator. Necessary time for stabilizing oscillation is called an oscillator start-up stabilization time.
The oscillator start-up stabilization time necessitated varies with the structure of the oscillation circuit used.
Consult the manufacturer of the resonator for the oscillator start-up stabilization time.
(1) Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time at Power On
The oscillator start-up stabilizing time of 2048 cycles of the X IN pin input signal is automatically
generated after the system is released from reset by timer 1 in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group
(Note).
Note: Timer 1 goes to ‘FF16 ’ to select f(XIN)/8 as the count source.
Figure 1.18.4 shows an oscillator start-up stabilization time at power on.
2.7 V (Note)
VCC
2 µs or more
RESET pin
XIN
Oscillator start-up stabilization time
2048 cycles of XIN pin input signal
Internal reset
Internal reset released
Note: At f(XIN) = (2.2 VCC–2) MHz.
Apply 0.32 V or less to the RESET pin at the time that power source voltage passes 2.7 V.
Figure 1.18.4 Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time at Power On
(2) Oscillator Start-Up Stabilization Time after Stop Mode
Oscillation stops in the stop mode. When the CPU returns from the stop mode by reset or accepting
an interrupt request, the oscillator start-up stabilization time of 2048 cycles of the input signal to the
XIN pin is automatically generated by timer 1, as occurs at power on.
1.18.5 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when an oscillation circuit is used.
The oscillation circuit is held in the high-speed mode after the system is released from reset.
When a ceramic resonator is connected between the XIN and XOUT pins, consult the manufacturer of the
resonator for the oscillator start-up stabilization time.
When an external clock is input to the XIN pin, use a 50% duty cycle pulse signal as the external clock
input to the X IN pin. At this time, leave the X OUT pin open.
Activate timer 1 and disable the acceptance of a timer 1 interrupt request before the STP instruction is
executed.
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1.19 Power Saving Function
1.19 Power Saving Function
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group are provided with the function to halt the CPU operation and make it stand
by in the following two power saving modes by software:
• Stop mode with the STP instruction
• Wait mode with the WIT instruction
Also, the valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions can be selected with the STP instruction operation
control register.
Table 1.19.1 lists the states of the microcomputer in the power saving modes.
Figure 1.19.1 shows the transitions from the power saving modes.
Table 1.19.1 States of Microcomputer in Power Saving Modes
Stop Mode
Stopped
Clock f(X IN)
Internal Clock φ
I/O Ports
Event Count Mode
(external clock as count source)
Other Modes
(divided main clock as count source)
Serial I/O
Stopped
Stopped
Retains the state at STP
instruction execution
Retains the state at WIT
instruction execution
Operating
Operating
Stopped
Divided BRG output as synchronous
clock
Stopped
External clock or its 1/16 as
synchronous clock
Operating
Operating
Retains the state at STP
instruction execution
RAM
Registers associated with Timer 1
SFR
Other registers
Operating
Suspended at the HIGH level Suspended at the HIGH level
CPU
Timers
Wait Mode
Used to generate oscillator
start-up stabilization time
Retains the state at STP
instruction execution
Retains the state at STP
instruction execution
Retains the state at WIT
instruction execution
Retains the state at WIT
instruction execution
Retains the state at WIT
CPU Internal Registers
instruction execution
(Note)
Note: The CPU internal registers are composed of the following six registers:
• Accumulator
• Index register X
• Index register Y
• Stack pointer
• Program counter
• Processor status register
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1.19 Power Saving Function
Stop mode
Interrupt request
accepted
Reset input
Reset input
Only RAM retained
and other registers
are in the reset state
RAM and the registers
except timer 1 retained
Oscillator start-up
stabilization time
2048 cycles of XIN pin
input signal
System is released from reset
Program executed at
the address stored in
reset vector areas
Wait mode
Oscillator start-up
stabilization time
2048 cycles of XIN pin
input signal
Interrupt request
accepted
RAM and the registers
retained
No oscillator start-up stabilization time
Interrupt service
routine executed
The next address following
STP or WIT instruction
(program execution continued)
Figure 1.19.1 Transitions from Power Saving Modes
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1.19 Power Saving Function
1.19.1 Registers Associated with Power Saving
Figure 1.19.2 shows the memory map of the registers associated with power saving.
00D416 Edge polarity selection register (EG)
00DE16 STP instruction operation control register (STPCON)
Figure 1.19.2 Memory Map of Registers Associated with Power Saving
(1) STP Instruction Operation Control Register
The STP instruction operation control register has only one bit that selects the valid/invalid of the
STP and the WIT instruction.
Figure 1.19.3 shows the STP instruction operation control register.
STP instruction operation control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON) [Address 00DE16]
b
Function
Name
0
STP and WIT valid/invalid
selection bit (Note)
1
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
2
3
0 : STP/WIT instruction valid
1 : STP/WIT instruction invalid
At reset
R
W
1
O
O
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
0
×
4
0
5
6
0
0
0
×
×
0
×
0
×
7
0
0
Note: The STP and WIT instructions are invalid after the system is released from reset. When
using these instructions, set STP and WIT valid/invalid selection bit of the STP instruction
operation control register to ‘1’, then set this bit to ‘0’. (Writing twice successively)
When not using the STP and WIT instructions, set this bit to ‘1’ either once or twice.
Figure 1.19.3 STP Instruction Operation Control Register
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1.19 Power Saving Function
(2) Edge Polarity Selection Register
The edge polarity selection register consists of the bits that select the polarity of the valid edge of
INT and CNTR pins, as well as the bit that selects the valid/invalid of key-on wakeup.
Figure 1.19.4 shows the edge polarity selection register.
Edge polarity selection register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
b
Function
Name
At reset
R
W
0
INT0 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0
O
O
1
INT1 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
2
CNTR0 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
3
CNTR1 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0: In event count mode, rising edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at HIGH level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from falling edge until falling edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
HIGH-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot HIGH pulse generated after
operation started at LOW level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
falling edge.
1: In event count mode, falling edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at LOW level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from rising edge until rising edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
LOW-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot LOW pulse generated after
operation started at HIGH level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
rising edge.
0
O
O
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
0 : P31/INT1
INT1 source
selection bit at 1 : P00–P07 LOW level
(for key-on wake-up)
STP or WIT
0
O
O
6
Not implemented. Writing to these bits are disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
×
×
Note: When setting bits 0 to 3, the interrupt request bit may be set to ‘1’.
After setting the following, enable the interrupt.
➀ Disable interrupts
➁ Set the edge polarity selection register
➂ Set the interrupt request bit to ‘0’
Figure 1.19.4 Edge Polarity Selection Register
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1.19 Power Saving Function
1.19.2 Stop Mode
(1) Operations in Stop Mode
State in Stop Mode
When the STP instruction is valid, its execution causes the CPU to enter the stop mode. In this
mode, the CPU operation is halted because internal clock φ stops in the HIGH state. In addition, the
operation of the peripherals stops as well, because the oscillation of f(X IN) stops. As a result, power
dissipation can be reduced.
Timer 1 goes to ‘FF16’ to generate the oscillator start-up stabilization time necessary for terminating
the stop mode, and a frequency of f(XIN)/8 is selected as the count source.
Note: Timers continue counting in the event count mode, as done the serial I/O does when the
external clock (or its 1/16) is selected as the synchronous clock.
For the operations in the stop mode, refer to Table 1.19.1 States of Microcomputer in Power
Saving Modes.
The stop mode is terminated by reset or accepting an interrupt request, and the CPU returns to the
normal mode.
The operation at recovery from the stop mode by reset or accepting an interrupt request is described
below.
Recovery from Stop Mode by Reset Input
➀ By applying the LOW level to the RESET pin for 2 µs or more in the stop mode, the CPU enters
the reset state and is brought out of the stop mode, causing the XIN oscillation to resume.
➁ When the RESET pin is restored to the HIGH level, the oscillator start-up stabilization time is
generated by timer 1.
➂ After the oscillator start-up stabilization time elapses, internal clock φ is supplied to the CPU.
➃ The program is executed at the address stored in the reset vector area.
Figure 1.19.5 shows the operation at recovery from the stop mode by reset input.
Note: 2 cycles of internal clock φ
STP instruction
executed
Stop mode
Stop mode is terminated
by reset input
VCC
2 µs
or more
RESET
STP instruction execution cycle (Note)
XIN pin
Internal reset
Undefined
XIN pin : High-impedance state Oscillation start-up stabilization time
2048 cycles of XIN pin input signal
Figure 1.19.5 Operation at Recovery from Stop Mode by Reset Input
For details of reset, refer to Section 1.17 Reset.
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1.19 Power Saving Function
Recovery from Stop Mode by Interrupt
➀ The stop mode is terminated and the X IN oscillation is resumed when an interrupt request is
generated and its interrupt is acceptable in the stop mode.
➁ Next, the oscillator start-up stabilization time is generated by timer 1. After the oscillator start-up
stabilization time elapses, internal clock φ is resumed and supplied to the CPU.
➂ The interrupt request used to terminate the stop mode is accepted and the interrupt service routine
is executed.
➃ After the interrupt service routine is completed, the program is executed at the instruction following
the STP instruction.
Note: The state of timer 1 is affected by recovering from the stop mode.
The interrupt sources used for recovery from the stop mode are as follows:
• INT 0, INT 1
• CNTR 0, CNTR1
• Serial I/O (only when external clock (or its 1/16) is selected as the synchronous clock)
• Timer X and timer Y (only in event count mode)
• Key inputs (in key-on wakeup)
Figure 1.19.6 shows an operation example at recovery from the stop mode by the INT0 interrupt.
• INT0 interrupt is used for recovery from stop mode (rising edge detected)
STP instruction
INT0 interrupt
Stop mode is terminated
executed
request accepted
by INT0 interupt
STP instruction execution
Oscillation start-up stabilization time
cycle (Note 1)
Stop mode
2048 cycles of XIN pin input signal
Undefined
XIN
XIN pin : High-impedance state
INT0 pin input
RL
FF16
RL
Counting down
Contents of timer 1
0016
UF
INT0 interrupt
request bit
Peripheral device
Operating
CPU
Operating
RL : Reload
UF : Underflow
Operating
Stop (Note 2)
Stop
Operating
Notes 1: 2 cycles of internal clock φ
2: Timer operates in event count mode.
Serial I/O operates when the external clock input (or its 1/16) is
used as the synchronous clock.
Figure 1.19.6 Operation Example at Recovery from Stop Mode by INT 0 Interrupt
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1.19 Power Saving Function
(2) Transition to Stop Mode
The transition from the normal mode to the stop mode is described below.
Recovery from Stop Mode by Reset Input
Execute the STP instruction while the STP instruction is valid.
Recovery from Stop Mode by Accepting Interrupt Request
Execute the STP instruction while the STP instruction is valid after the following sequence is completed:
• Set the interrupt that is used to terminate the stop mode.
• Clear the timer 1 interrupt enable bit to ‘0’ (disabled).
• Clear the timer 1 stop control bit to ‘0’ (count operation).
For the setting of the valid/invalid of the STP instruction, refer to Section 1.19.4 Setting of Valid/
Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions.
1.19.3 Wait Mode
(1) Operations in Wait Mode
State in Wait Mode
When the WIT instruction is valid, its execution causes the CPU to enter the wait mode. In this mode,
internal clock φ stops, though f(X IN) continues oscillation. As a result, the CPU is halted but the
peripherals continue to operate.
For the operations in the wait mode, refer to Table 1.19.1 States of Microcomputer at Power
Saving Modes.
The wait mode is terminated by reset or accepting an interrupt request, and the CPU returns to the
normal mode.
The operation at recovery from the wait mode by reset or accepting an interrupt request is described
below.
Recovery from Wait Mode by Reset Input
➀ By applying the LOW level to the RESET pin for 2 µ s or more in the wait mode, the CPU enters
the reset state and is brought out of the wait mode.
➁ When the RESET pin is restored to the HIGH level, the oscillator start-up stabilization time is
generated by timer 1.
➂ After the oscillator start-up stabilization time elapses, internal clock φ is supplied to the CPU.
➃ The program is executed at the address stored in the reset vector area.
For details of reset, refer to Section 1.17 Reset.
Recovery from Wait Mode by Interrupt
➀ The wait mode is terminated, when an interrupt request is generated and its interrupt is acceptable
in the wait mode.
➁ Next, internal clock φ is resumed and supplied to the CPU.
➂ The interrupt request used to terminate the wait mode is accepted and the interrupt service routine
is executed.
➃ After the interrupt service routine is completed, the program is executed at the instruction following
the WIT instruction.
All interrupt sources except the BRK instruction interrupt, are available for recovering from the wait
mode.
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1.19 Power Saving Function
(2) Transition to Wait Mode
The transition from the normal mode to the wait mode is described below.
Recovery from Wait Mode by Reset Input
Execute the WIT instruction while the WIT instruction is valid.
Recovery from Wait Mode by Accepting Interrupt Request
Execute the WIT instruction while the WIT instruction is valid after the interrupt for terminating the
wait mode is set.
For the setting of the valid/invalid of the WIT instruction, refer to Section 1.19.4 Setting of Valid/
Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions.
1.19.4 Setting of Valid/Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions
In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, the valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions can be selected with
the STP instruction operation control register. The STP and the WIT instruction are invalid after the system
is released from reset to prevent the program from a runaway.
Writing twice successively to the STP instruction operation control register makes the STP and the WIT
instruction valid, while non-successive writing to the register (for example, a single write) makes these
instructions invalid. As the STP and the WIT instruction remain invalid after the system is released from
reset, successive writing is used to prevent the clock oscillation from stopping due to erroneous data
written during a program runaway.
Figure 1.19.7 shows the setting of valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions.
Procedure 1 Setting interrupt disable flag of processor status register to ‘1’ (interrupt disabled)
Procedure 2 Setting STP instruction operation control register (twice successive writing) (Note 1)
1. A write of ‘1’
b7
b0
1
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON) [Address 00DE16]
STP and WIT instructions invalid
2. Selection of valid/invalid of STP and WIT instructions (Note 2)
b7
b0
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON) [Address 00DE16]
STP and WIT valid/Invalid selection
0: Valid
1: Invalid
Notes 1: A single write to the STP instruction operation control register makes the STP
and WIT instructions invalid.
2: If invalidating the STP and WIT instructions, the second write can be omitted.
Procedure 3 Clearing interrupt disable flag of processor status register to ‘0’ (interrupt enabled)
when using interrupts.
Figure 1.19.7 Setting of Valid/Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions
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1.19 Power Saving Function
1.19.5 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when the power saving function is used.
(1) Setting of Valid/Invalid of STP and WIT Instructions
To make the STP and the WIT instruction valid, write twice successively to the STP instruction
operation control register while interrupts are disabled.
REASON: Execution of an interrupt service routine may cause this register not to be successively
written.
(2) In Stop Mode
After the CPU is brought out of the stop mode, timer 1 operates in the following conditions. Re-set
timer 1 if necessary.
• Contents of the timer 1 latch: ‘FF16 ’
• Count source: f(X IN)/8
Since the A-D converter stops in the stop mode, execute the STP instruction after A-D conversion
is completed.
In the stop mode, timer X and timer Y continue counting only in the event count mode.
Serial I/O operates only when an external clock (or its 1/16) is selected as the synchronous clock
in the stop mode.
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.20 Built-in PROM Version
A microcomputer with built-in PROM (PROM) is called a built-in programmable ROM version (built-in PROM
version), in contrast to a mask ROM version.
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group offer the following two versions of this type.
• One Time PROM version
The one time PROM are programmable only once. Erasing and reprogramming are not possible.
• Built-in EPROM version (with a transparent window)
The microcomputer has a built-in erasable PROM (EPROM) with a transparent window in top of the
package. The built-in EPROM are programmable, erasable and reprogrammable.
The built-in PROM version has the EPROM mode to program into the built-in PROM, in addition to the
operation modes of the mask ROM version.
For details, refer to Sections 1.3 Performance Overviews, 1.4 Pinouts, and 1.6 Functional Block Diagrams.
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group support the built-in PROM version products listed in Table 1.20.1.
Table 1.20.1 Supported Built-in PROM Version Products in 7480 Group and 7481 Group
(As of September 1997)
PROM
RAM
I/O Port
Product
Package
Remarks
(bytes) (bytes)
M37480E8SP
32P4B
I/O ports: 18
M37480E8FP
M37480E8-XXXSP
M37480E8T-XXXSP
M37481E8SP
M37481E8FP
M37481E8-XXXSP
M37481E8-XXXFP
M37481E8T-XXXSP
M37481E8T-XXXFP
M37481E8SS
32P2W-A (shipped in blank)
32P4B
One Time PROM Version
(Including 4 analog 32P2W-A
input pins.)
32P4B
One Time PROM Version (Extended
32P2W-A operating temperature range version)
Input ports: 8
M37480E8-XXXFP
M37480E8T-XXXFP
One Time PROM Version
16384
448
42P4B
I/O ports: 24
Input ports: 12
One Time PROM Version
44P6N-A (shipped in blank)
42P4B
One Time PROM Version
44P6N-A
(Including 8 analog
42P4B
One Time PROM Version (Extended
input pins.)
44P6N-A operating temperature range version)
42S1B-A Built-in EPROM Version
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.20.1 EPROM Mode
The built-in PROM version has the EPROM mode in addition to the operation modes of the mask ROM
version. The EPROM mode is the mode used to program into and read from the built-in PROM. Programming,
reading and erasing of the built-in PROM can be performed by the same operation as in the M5M27C256K.
Table 1.20.2 lists the pin functions in the EPROM mode, and Figures 1.20.1 to 1.20.3 show the pinouts.
Table 1.20.2 Pin Functions in EPROM Mode
Built-in PROM version
M5M27C256K
VCC
VCC
P3 3
VSS
VPP
VSS
P1 1–P17,
Pin name
P2 0–P23,
A0–A 14
P3 0, P3 1,
P4 0, P41
P0 0–P07
VREF
D 0–D7
P3 2
OE
CE
A10
A9
A8
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
CE
VSS
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
M37480E8-XXXSP/FP
M37480E8T-XXXSP/FP
A7
A6
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
VCC
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
A14
A13
VPP
OE
A12
A11
VCC
VSS
Outline 32P4B
32P2W-A (Note)
: PROM pin (Same functions as M5M27C256K)
Note: The only differences between the 32P4B package product and the 32P2W-A package product are
package shape and the absolute maximum ratings.
Figure 1.20.1 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7480 Group
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
A10
A9
A8
A7
A6
A3
A2
A1
A0
CE
VSS
1
42
2
41
3
40
4
39
5
38
6
37
7
36
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
M37481E8-XXXSP
M37481E8T-XXXSP
M37481E8SS
A5
A4
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
16
27
17
26
18
25
19
24
20
23
21
22
P52
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
A14
A13
VPP
OE
A12
A11
VSS
VCC
Outline 42P4B (Note)
42S1B-A (M37481E8SS)
: PROM pin (Same functions as M5M27C256K)
Note: The only differences between the 42P4B package product and the 44P6N-A package product are
package shape, the absolute maximum ratings and the fact that the 44P6N-A package product has
the AVSS pin.
Figure 1.20.2 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7481 Group (1)
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OE
A12
A13
VPP
A14
D0
D2
D1
23
25
24
26
28
27
30
29
31
19
38
18
M37481E8-XXXFP
M37481E8T-XXXFP
39
17
14
43
13
44
12
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
VSS
AVSS
XOUT
XIN
VREF
P20/IN0
A11
VSS
VCC
VSS
CE
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A6
A5
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
11
15
42
9
16
10
40
41
1
A7
20
8
A8
36
37
7
A10
A9
21
6
VSS
22
4
D7
34
35
5
D6
P04
P05
P06
P07
P52
VSS
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
3
D5
2
D4
32
33
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
D3
1.20 Built-in PROM Version
Outline 44P6N-A (Note)
: PROM pin (Same functions as M5M27C256K)
Note: The only differences between the 42P4B package product and the 44P6N-A package product are
package shape, the absolute maximum ratings and the fact that the 44P6N-A package product has
the AVSS pin.
Figure 1.20.3 Pinout in EPROM Mode of 7481 Group (2)
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.20.2 Pin Descriptions
Tables 1.20.3 and 1.20.4 list pin descriptions in the Ordinary and EPROM modes.
Table 1.20.3 Pin Descriptions (1)
Pin
Mode
Input/
Output
Name
VCC,
VSS
Ordinary/
AV SS
Ordinary/
Analog
EPROM
power source
Ordinary
Reference
VREF
Power source
• Apply the following voltage to the VCC pin:
EPROM
2.7 V to 4.5 V (at f(X IN) = (2.2 V CC–2) MHz), or
4.5 V to 5.5 V (at f(XIN ) = 8 MHz).
• Apply 0 V to the V SS pin.
• Ground level input pin for the A-D converter
• Apply the same voltage as for the V SS pin to the AV SS
pin.
Note: This pin is dedicated to the 44P6N-A package products
in the 7481 Group.
Input
• Reference voltage input pin for A-D converter
EPROM
Mode input
Input
• Apply the following voltage to the VREF pin:
2 V to V CC when V CC = 2.7 V to 4.0 V, or
0.5 V CC to V CC when V CC = 4.0 V to 5.5 V.
Note: When not using A-D converter, connect V REF pin to
VCC.
• CE input pin
Ordinary
Reset input
Input
• Reset input pin
• System Reset: Holding the LOW level for 2 µ s or more
forces CPU into reset state.
• Connect it to VSS pin.
voltage input
RESET
XIN
EPROM
Reset input
Input
Ordinary/
Clock input
Input
EPROM
XOUT
Function
Ordinary/
EPROM
Clock output
Output
• I/O pins for clock generator
• A ceramic resonator is connected between pins XIN and
XOUT.
• When an external clock is used, it is input to XIN pin, and
leave X OUT pin open.
• A feedback resistor is built in between pins XIN and XOUT.
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
Table 1.20.4 Pin Descriptions (2)
Pin
Mode
P00–P07 Ordinary
Input/
Output
Name
I/O
I/O port P0
Function
• 8-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is CMOS output.
• When an input port is selected, a pull-up transistor can
be connectable by the bit.
• In input mode, a key-on wake up function is provided.
EPROM
P10–P17 Ordinary
Data I/O
D0–D7
I/O
• Data (D 0–D 7 ) I/O pins
I/O port P1
I/O
• 8-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is CMOS output.
• When an input port is selected, a pull-up transistor can
be connected by the 4 bits.
• P1 2 and P1 3 serve the alternative functions of the timer
output pins T 0 and T1 .
• P14, P15, P16, and P1 7 serve the alternative functions of
the serial I/O pins RxD, TxD, SCLK and SRDY, respectively.
EPROM
Address input
Input
• P1 1 –P17 are the address (A4–A 10) input pins.
• Leave P1 0 open.
A4 –A10
P20–P27 Ordinary
Input port P2
Input
• 8-bit input port pins
• P2 0 –P2 7 serve the alternative functions of the analog
input pins IN 0–IN7 .
Note: The 7480 Group has only four pins of P20 –P23 (IN 0–IN 3).
EPROM
Address input
Input
• P2 0 –P23 are the address (A0 –A3 ) input pins.
• Leave P2 4–P2 7 open.
A0 –A3
P30–P33 Ordinary
Input port P3
Input
• 4-bit input port pins
• P30 and P31 serve the alternative functions of the external
interrupt input pins INT 0 and INT 1.
EPROM
Address input
Input
A11 , A12
Mode input
VPP input
P40–P43 Ordinary
I/O
I/O port P4
• P3 0, P31 are the address (A11, A 12) input pins.
• P3 2 pin is the OE input pin.
• P3 3 pin is the V PP input pin used to apply V PP when
programming and program verifying.
• 4-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is N-channel open-drain outputs with
built-in clamping diodes.
• P4 0 and P4 1 serve the alternative functions of the timer
I/O pins CNTR 0 and CNTR 1.
Note: The 7480 Group has only two pins of P4 0 and P4 1.
EPROM
Address input
Input
• Leave P4 2, P4 3 open.
A13 , A14
P50–P53 Ordinary
EPROM
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• P4 0, P41 are the address (A13, A 14) input pins.
I/O
I/O port P5
Input port P5
Input
• 4-bit I/O port pins
• The output structure is N-channel open-drain outputs with
built-in clamping diodes.
Note: The 7480 Group is not provided with port P5.
• Leave port P5 open.
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HARDWARE
1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.20.3 Reading, Programming and Erasing of Built-in PROM
The built-in PROM version can be used in the EPROM mode by setting the RESET pin to LOW. Reading,
programming, and erasing of the built-in PROM in the EPROM mode are described below.
Also, Table 1.20.5 lists the I/O signals in the EPROM mode.
(1) Reading from Built-in PROM
• 0 V is applied to the RESET pin, and 5 V to the V CC pin.
• Address signals (A0–A14) are input, and the OE and the CE pins are set to LOW. Then, the contents
of PROM are placed on data I/O pins (D0 –D 7 ).
• The CE or the OE pins are set to HIGH. Then, data I/O pins (D0 –D7 ) float.
(2) Programming into Built-in PROM
• 0 V is applied to the RESET pin, and 5 V to the V CC pin.
• The OE pin is set to HIGH and VPP is applied to the VPP pin. Then, the CPU enters the program
mode.
• Addresses are set to address input pins (A 0–A 14), and the 8-bit data to be programmed is placed
in parallel, on data I/O pins (D0–D 7 ).
• Setting the CE pin to LOW starts programming.
Specify addresses 4000 16 through 7FFF16 when programming with the PROM programmer.
Also, set all addresses 0000 16 through 3FFF 16 to ‘FF 16’ when programming into addresses 0000 16
through 7FFF16.
(3) Erasing
• Only the built-in EPROM version with a window (M37481E8SS) is erasable.
• The EPROM can be erased when exposed to ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 2537 Å.
• Integrated dose necessary for erasure is a minimum of 15 W•s/cm 2.
Table 1.20.5 I/O Signals in EPROM Mode
Pin name
OE
VPP
VIL
VIL
VCC
Output
VIH
VCC
Floating
Write
VIL
VIL
VIH
VPP
Write-verify
VIH
VPP
Output
Write disable
VIH
VIL
VIH
VPP
Floating
Output disable
VCC
D0–D7
CE
Mode
Read
VCC
RESET
0 V
Input
Note: V IL represents the LOW input voltage, and VIH, the HIGH input voltage.
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
1.20.4 Notes on Usage
Pay attention to the following notes when the built-in PROM version is used.
(1) All Products of Built-in PROM Version Products
Programming into Built-in PROM
• A high voltage is used to program into the PROM. Be careful not to apply an overvoltage to pins,
especially when power is turned on.
• The use of a dedicated programming adapter (Note) is recommended when the PROM programming
is performed, so that general-purpose PROM programmers are available for programming.
Reading from Built-in PROM
The use of a dedicated programming adapter (Note) is recommended when the PROM contents are
read, so that general-purpose PROM programmers are available for reading.
Note: Refer to Data Book DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT TOOLS FOR MICROCOMPUTERS for the
dedicated programming adapter.
(2) One Time PROM Version
The one time PROM version (a blank product) is neither tested nor screened since Mitsubishi’s
assembly process. To improve reliability after programming, it is suggested that these products are
used only after programming and verification, according to the procedure shown in Figure 1.20.4, is
completed.
Programming with PROM Programmer
Screening
(at 150°C for 40 hours)
(Note 1)
Verifying with PROM
Programmer
Function check in target device
Notes 1: Exposure to a high temperature of be within 100 hours.
The M37480E8SP/FP, M37481E8SP/FP and M37481E8SS
are not available for automotive controls because they are not
extended operating temperature versions, which are used in
automotive controls. The M37481E8SS is for the program-evaluation
only. It cannot be as the final product as well as in automotive
controls.
2: Implementation evaluation will reject those damaged by
surge during handling.
(Note 2)
Figure 1.20.4 Programming and Verification of One Time PROM Version
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1.20 Built-in PROM Version
(3) Built-in EPROM Version
The built-in EPROM version can be used for program development only. Use them only for program
development and implementation evaluation.
Sunlight and fluorescent light include light that may erase the information programmed in the builtin PROM. When using the EPROM version in the read mode, be sure to cover the transparent glass
portion with a seal.
This seal to cover the transparent glass portion is prepared by Mitsubishi. Be careful not to bring
the seal into contact with the microcomputer lead wires when covering the portion with the seal
because this seal is made of metal (aluminum).
Before erasing data, clean the transparent glass. If any finger stain or seal adhesive is stuck to the
transparent glass, this prevents ultraviolet rays from passing, thereby affecting the erase characteristic
adversely.
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
1.21.1 Electrical Characteristics
(1) Electrical Characteristics of 7480 Group
For the 7480 Group, Table 1.21.1 lists the absolute maximum ratings, and Tables 1.21.2 and 1.21.3
list the recommended operating conditions. Also, Tables 1.21.4 and 1.21.5 list the electrical characteristics,
and Table 1.21.6 lists the A-D conversion characteristics.
Table 1.21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings of 7480 Group
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
All voltages are measured based on –0.3 to 7
VSS.
–0.3 to VCC +0.3
Output transistors are in the cut-off state. –0.3 to V CC +0.3
Unit
VCC
Parameter
Power source voltage
VI
Input voltage
VO
Output voltage
Pd
Power dissipation
Topr
Operating temperature range
–20 to 85 (Note 2)
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature range
–40 to 150 (Note 3)
°C
Ta = 25°C
V
V
V
mW
1000 (Note 1)
Notes 1: 500 mW for 32P2W-A package.
2: –40 °C to 85 °C for extended operating temperature range version.
3: –65 °C to 150 °C for extended operating temperature range version.
Table 1.21.2 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7480 Group (1) (Note 1)
Parameter
Symbol
Limits
Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
f(X IN ) = 8 MHZ
4.5
5
5.5
V
f(X IN) = (2.2V CC–2.0) MHz
2.7
3
4.5
V
VCC
Power source voltage
VSS
Power source voltage
VIH
VIH
HIGH input voltage P00 –P07 , P10 –P17
0.8V CC
VCC
V
HIGH input voltage P20–P23
HIGH input voltage
V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5V
P30 –P3 3, P4 0, P4 1 (Note 2) V CC = 2.7 V to 4.5V
HIGH input voltage XIN , RESET
0.7V CC
0.8V CC
VCC
VCC
V
V
0.9V CC
VCC
V
0.8V CC
VCC
V
LOW input voltage P00–P0 7, P1 0–P17
0
0.2V CC
V
LOW input voltage P20–P2 3
0
0.25VCC
0.4V CC
V
VIH
VIH
VIL
VIL
V
0
VIL
LOW input voltage
P30–P3 3, P4 0, P4 1
VIL
LOW input voltage X IN
VIL
II
LOW input voltage RESET
V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5V
V CC = 2.7 V to 4.5V
Input current P4 0, P4 1 (Note 2) V I > V CC
0.3V CC
V
V
0
0.16VCC
V
0
0.12VCC
V
1
mA
0
0
Notes 1: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85 °C (Ta = –40 ° C to 85 °C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
For the clamping diodes of port P4, refer to (4) Level Shift Ports in Section 1.10.3 I/O Ports.
2: When voltage is applied through a resistor, current I of 1 mA or less maintains VI > V CC.
For this circuit, refer to Figure 1.10.11 Port P4 and P5 Circuit.
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.3 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7480 Group (2) (Note 1)
Limits
Typ.
Max.
Unit
IOH(sum) HIGH output sum current P0 0–P07
IOH(sum) HIGH output sum current P1 0–P17
–30
mA
–30
mA
IOL(sum) LOW output sum current P00 –P07, P4 0 , P4 1
60
IOL(sum) LOW output sum current P10–P17
60
mA
mA
IOH(peak) HIGH output peak current P00 –P07, P1 0–P17
–10
20
mA
–5
mA
10
mA
2
1
MHz
500
kHz
250
kHz
2
MHz
MHz
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
IOL(peak) LOW output peak current P0 0–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7, P4 0, P4 1
IOH(avg) HIGH output average current P00–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7 (Note 2)
IOL(avg)
f(CNTR)
LOW output average current
P00 –P07 , P1 0–P1 7, P4 0, P4 1 (Note 2)
Timer input frequency CNTR 0 (P40)
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
CNTR1 (P4 1) (Note 3)
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz
Serial I/O
when selecting clock f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
clock input frequency synchronous serial I/O f(X IN ) = 4 MHz
f(S CLK)
SCLK (P1 6)
w h e n s e l e c t i n g f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz
(Note 3)
UART
1
mA
MHz
8
MHz
2.2VCC–2.0 MHz
frequency (Note 3)
VCC = 2.7V to 4.5V
Notes 1: VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85 °C (Ta = –40 ° C to 85 °C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
For the clamping diodes of port P4, refer to (4) Level Shift Ports in Section 1.10.3 I/O Ports.
2: Output average currents I OH(avg) and I OL(avg) are average values for a period of 100 ms.
3: The frequency is the value at a 50% duty cycle.
4: Connect a bypass capacitor of capacity 0.1 µF between VCC and VSS, and one of capacity 0.01µF
between V REF and VSS .
f(XIN)
Clock input oscillation VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.4 Electrical Characteristics of 7480 Group (1) (Note 1)
Parameter
Symbol
VOH
VOL
VT+–V T–
IIH
IIH
IIH
IIH
IIL
IIL
IIL
IIL
Min.
Limits
Typ.
Max.
Unit
HIGH output voltage
V CC = 5 V, I OH = –5 mA
3
V
P0 0–P0 7, P10–P17
V CC = 3 V, I OH = –1.5 mA
V CC = 5 V, I OL = 10 mA
2
V
LOW output voltage
P00–P07, P10–P17, P40, P41 V CC = 3 V, I OL = 3 mA
Hysteresis P00–P07 (Note 2), V CC = 5 V
P3 0–P33, P4 0, P4 1
V CC = 3 V
VT+–V T– Hysteresis RESET
VT+–V T–
Test conditions
2
V
1
V
0.5
0.3
V CC = 5 V
V
0.5
V
V
V CC = 3 V
when used as
0.3
V
Hysteresis
V CC = 5 V
0.5
V
P1 4/RxD, P16/SCLK
RxD, S CLK
V CC = 3 V
0.3
V
HIGH input current
P0 0–P0 7, P10–P17
V I = V CC,
V CC = 5 V
No pull-up transistor
V CC = 3 V
HIGH input current
V I = V CC = 5 V
5
P3 0–P33, P4 0, P4 1
V I = V CC = 3 V
V I = V CC, when not
3
HIGH input current
P2 0–P23
HIGH input current
XIN, RESET
V CC = 5 V
5
selecting analog input V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
V I = V CC, when X IN
3
is stopped
V CC = 3 V
LOW input current
V I = 0 V,
No pull-up transistor
V CC = 5 V
V CC = 3 V
P0 0–P0 7, P10–P17
V I = 0 V (Note 3),
V CC = 5 V
LOW input current
P3 0–P33, P4 0, P4 1
LOW input current
5
3
Pull-up transistor used V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
VI = 0 V
V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
V I = 0 V, when not
5
3
–5
–3
–0.25
–0.5
–1.0
–0.08
–0.18
–0.35
–5
–3
–5
selecting analog input V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
V I = 0 V, when X IN
–3
LOW input current
XIN, RESET
is stopped
V CC = 3 V
–3
P2 0–P23
–5
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
mA
mA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
Notes 1: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
2: The limits when the key-on wakeup function of port P0 is used
3: When represented with electric resistance, the corresponding values are as follows:
• V CC = 5 V: 5 kΩ (Min.), 10 kΩ (Typ.), and 20 kΩ (Max.)
• V CC = 3 V: 8.6 kΩ (Min.), 16.7 kΩ (Typ.), and 37.5 kΩ (Max.)
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.5 Electrical Characteristics of 7480 Group (2) (Note)
Symbol
Parameter
High-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz,
V CC = 5 V
At system operating
High-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz,
V CC = 3 V
I CC
High-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz,
V CC = 5 V
Medium-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz,
V CC = 5 V
Medium-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz,
V CC = 3 V
Power source current
Medium-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz,
V CC = 5 V
At stop
At wait
High-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz
VRAM
RAM back-up voltage
Limits
Typ.
Max.
3.5
7
mA
4
8
mA
1.8
3.6
mA
2
4
mA
7
14
mA
7.5
15
mA
1.75
3.5
mA
2
4
mA
0.9
1.8
mA
1
2
mA
3.5
7
mA
3.75
7.5
mA
2
mA
V CC = 3 V
1
0.5
1
mA
V CC = 5 V
2
4
mA
V CC = 5 V
0.9
1.8
mA
V CC = 3 V
0.45
0.9
mA
V CC = 5 V
1.8
3.6
mA
Ta = 25 °C
0.1
1
µA
Ta = 85 °C
1
10
µA
Test conditions
High-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
Medium-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 4 MHz
Medium-speed mode,
f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
f(X IN ) = 0 MHz,
V CC = 5 V
Min.
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
V CC = 5 V
At clock stop
2.0
Unit
V
Note: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, V SS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.6 A-D Conversion Characteristics of 7480 Group (Note)
Symbol
–
–
T CONV
VVREF
Test conditions
Parameter
Min.
Limits
Typ.
bits
= V REF = 5.0 V
±2
LSB
=
=
=
=
25
µs
µs
V
V
kΩ
V
µA
2.7V to 4.5V, f(X IN) = 4MH Z
4.5V to 5.5V, f(X IN) = 8MH Z
2.7 V to 4.0V
2
4.0 V to 5.5 V
0.5 V CC
12
12.5
VCC
VCC
35
RLADDER Ladder resistor
0
VIA
Analog input voltage
V
REF
=
5.0
V
50
143
I VREF
Reference power input current
Note: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, V SS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
1-184
Unit
8
Resolution
Absolute accuracy
V CC
(except quantification error)
VCC
Conversion time
VCC
V CC
Reference voltage
V CC
Max.
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VREF
416
for extended
HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
(2) Electrical Characteristics of 7481 Group
For the 7481 Group, Table 1.21.7 lists the absolute maximum ratings, and Tables 1.21.8 and 1.21.9
list the recommended operating conditions. Also, Tables 1.21.10 and 1.21.11 list the electrical
characteristics, and Table 1.21.12 lists the A-D conversion characteristics.
Table 1.21.7 Absolute Maximum Ratings of 7481 Group
Symbol
Ratings
Conditions
All voltages are measured based on –0.3 to 7
VSS.
–0.3 to VCC +0.3
Output transistors are in the cut-off state. –0.3 to VCC +0.3
Unit
VCC
Parameter
Power source voltage
VI
Input voltage
VO
Output voltage
Pd
Power dissipation
Topr
Operating temperature range
–20 to 85 (Note 2)
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature range
–40 to 150 (Note 3)
°C
Ta = 25°C
V
V
V
mW
1000 (Note 1)
Notes 1: 500 mW for 44P6N-A package.
2: –40 °C to 85 °C for extended operating temperature range version.
3: –65 °C to 150 °C for extended operating temperature range version.
Table 1.21.8 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7481 Group (1) (Note 1)
Limits
Parameter
Symbol
Unit
Min.
Typ.
Max.
f(X IN) = 8 MHZ
4.5
5
5.5
V
f(XIN) = (2.2VCC–2.0) MHz
2.7
3
4.5
V
VCC
Power source voltage
VSS
Power source voltage
VIH
VIH
HIGH input voltage P0 0–P07, P1 0–P17
0.8V CC
VCC
V
HIGH input voltage P20–P2 7
HIGH input voltage
0.7V CC
0.8V CC
VCC
VCC
V
V
0.9V CC
VCC
V
0.8V CC
VCC
V
LOW input voltage P00–P0 7, P1 0–P17
0
0.2V CC
V
LOW input voltage P20–P2 7
0
0
0
0.25VCC
0.4V CC
V
LOW input voltage
V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5V
P30–P33 , P40 –P43, P5 0–P53 (Note 2) V CC = 2.7 V to 4.5V
LOW input voltage X IN
LOW input voltage RESET
VIH
VIH
VIL
VIL
VIL
VIL
VIL
II
V
0
V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5V
P30–P33 , P40 –P43, P5 0–P53 (Note 2) V CC = 2.7 V to 4.5V
HIGH input voltage X IN, RESET
Input current P40–P4 3, P5 0 –P5 3 (Note 2) V I > V CC
0.3V CC
V
V
0
0.16VCC
V
0
0.12VCC
V
1
mA
Notes 1: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85 °C (Ta = –40 ° C to 85 °C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
For the clamping diodes of port P4, refer to (4) Level Shift Ports in Section 1.10.3 I/O Ports.
2: When voltage is applied through a resistor, current I of 1 mA or less maintains VI > V CC.
For this circuit, refer to Figure 1.10.11 Port P4/P5 Circuitry.
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.9 Recommended Operating Conditions of 7481 Group (2) (Note 1)
Limits
Typ.
Max.
Unit
IOH(sum) HIGH output sum current P0 0 –P07
IOH(sum) HIGH output sum current P1 0 –P17
–30
mA
–30
mA
IOL(sum) LOW output sum current P0 0–P0 7, P4 0–P43 , P5 0–P52
60
mA
IOL(sum) LOW output sum current P10 –P17, P5 3
60
IOH(peak) HIGH output peak current P00–P0 7, P1 0–P17
–10
20
mA
mA
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
IOL(peak) LOW output peak current P00–P07, P10–P17, P40–P43, P50–P53
IOH(avg) HIGH output average current P00–P07 , P10 –P17 (Note 2)
IOL(avg)
f(CNTR)
mA
10
mA
2
1
MHz
8 MHz
500
kHz
4 MHz
250
kHz
8 MHz
2
MHz
4 MHz
1
MHz
MHz
P00–P0 7, P1 0–P17, P4 0–P4 3, P5 0–P53 (Note 2)
f(X IN) = 8 MHz
Timer input frequency CNTR0 (P40)
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
Serial I/O
when selecting clock f(X IN) =
clock input frequency synchronous serial I/O f(X IN) =
f(SCLK)
SCLK (P16 )
w h e n s e l e c t i n g f(X IN) =
f(X IN) =
(Note 3)
UART
f(XIN)
–5
LOW output average current
CNTR1 (P41 ) (Note 3)
mA
Clock input oscillation VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V
8
MHz
2.2VCC–2.0 MHz
frequency (Note 3)
VCC = 2.7V to 4.5V
Notes 1: VCC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85 °C (Ta = –40 ° C to 85 °C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
For the clamping diodes of port P4, refer to (4) Level Shift Ports in Section 1.10.3 I/O Ports.
2: Output average currents I OH(avg) and I OL(avg) are average values for a period of 100 ms.
3: The frequency is the value at a 50% duty cycle.
4: Connect a bypass capacitor of capacity 0.1 µF between VCC and VSS, and one of capacity 0.01µF
between V REF and VSS .
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.10 Electrical Characteristics of 7481 Group (1) (Note 1)
Parameter
Symbol
VOH
VOL
VT+–V T–
Test conditions
HIGH output voltage
V CC = 5 V, I OH = –5 mA
P0 0–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7
V CC
LOW output voltage P00–P07, V CC
P1 0–P1 7, P4 0–P43, P50–P5 3 V CC
Hysteresis P00–P07 (Note 2), V CC
I IH
I IH
I IH
I IH
I IL
I IL
I IL
I IL
Limits
Typ.
Max.
V
3
2
= 5 V, I OL = 10 mA
= 3 V, I OL = 3 mA
= 5 V
Unit
2
V
V
1
V
0.5
V
P30–P33, P40–P43, P50–P5 3 V CC = 3 V
0.3
V
V CC = 5 V
0.5
V
0.3
0.5
V
V
0.3
V
VT+–V T– Hysteresis RESET
VT+–V T–
= 3 V, I OH = –1.5 mA
Min.
V CC = 3 V
Hysteresis
when used as
P1 4/RxD, P16/SCLK
RxD, S CLK
V CC = 5 V
V CC = 3 V
HIGH input current
V I = V CC,
V CC = 5 V
5
P0 0–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7
No pull-up transistor
V CC = 3 V
3
V I = V CC = 5 V
P30–P33, P40–P43, P50–P5 3 V I = V CC = 3 V
HIGH input current
V CC = 5 V
V I = V CC , when not
P2 0–P2 7
selecting analog input V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
HIGH input current
V I = V CC , when X IN
5
3
is stopped
V CC = 3 V
3
V I = 0 V,
V CC = 5 V
No pull-up transistor
V CC = 3 V
–5
–3
HIGH input current
XIN, RESET
LOW input current
P0 0–P0 7, P1 0–P1 7
P30–P33, P40–P43, P50–P5 3
V CC = 5 V
Pull-up transistor used V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
VI = 0 V
V CC = 3 V
LOW input current
V I = 0 V, when not
P2 0–P2 7
selecting analog input V CC = 3 V
V CC = 5 V
V I = 0 V, when X IN
V CC = 3 V
is stopped
V I = 0 V (Note 3),
LOW input current
LOW input current
XIN, RESET
V CC = 5 V
5
3
5
–0.25
–0.5
–1.0
–0.08
–0.18
–0.35
–5
–3
–5
–3
–5
–3
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
mA
mA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
Notes 1: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
2: The limits when the key-on wakeup function of port P0 is used
3: When represented with electric resistance, the corresponding values are as follows:
• V CC = 5 V: 5 kΩ (Min.), 10 kΩ (Typ.), and 20 kΩ (Max.)
• V CC = 3 V: 8.6 kΩ (Min.), 16.7 kΩ (Typ.), and 37.5 kΩ (Max.)
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.11 Electrical Characteristics of 7481 Group (2) (Note)
Symbol
Parameter
High-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
V CC = 5 V
At system operating
High-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
V CC = 3 V
ICC
High-speed mode
f(X IN) = 8 MHz
V CC = 5 V
Medium-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
V CC = 5 V
Medium-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
V CC = 3 V
Power source current
Medium-speed mode
f(X IN) = 8 MHz
V CC = 5 V
At stop
At wait
High-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
VRAM
RAM back-up voltage
Limits
Typ.
Max.
3.5
7
mA
4
8
mA
1.8
3.6
mA
2
4
mA
7
14
mA
7.5
15
mA
1.75
3.5
mA
2
4
mA
0.9
1.8
mA
1
2
mA
3.5
7
mA
3.75
7.5
mA
2
mA
V CC = 3 V
1
0.5
1
mA
V CC = 5 V
2
4
mA
V CC = 5 V
0.9
1.8
mA
V CC = 3 V
0.45
0.9
mA
V CC = 5 V
1.8
3.6
mA
Ta = 25 °C
0.1
1
µA
Ta = 85 °C
1
10
µA
Test conditions
High-speed mode
f(X IN) = 8 MHz
Medium-speed mode
f(X IN) = 4 MHz
Medium-speed mode
f(X IN) = 8 MHz
f(X IN) = 0 MHz
V CC = 5 V
Min.
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
No A-D
conversion
During A-D
conversion
V CC = 5 V
At clock stop
2.0
Unit
V
Note: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, V SS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C for extended
operating temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Table 1.21.12 A-D Conversion Characteristics of 7481 Group (Note)
Symbol
–
–
Test conditions
Parameter
Min.
Limits
Typ.
Resolution
Absolute accuracy
(except quantification error)
TCONV
Conversion time
VVREF
Reference voltage
Max.
8
Unit
bits
V CC = V REF = 5.0 V
±2
LSB
VCC
VCC
VCC
V CC
25
µs
µs
V
V
kΩ
V
µA
=
=
=
=
2.7V to 4.5V, f(X IN) = 4MHZ
4.5V to 5.5V, f(X IN) = 8MHZ
2.7 V to 4.0V
2
4.0 V to 5.5 V
0.5 V CC
35
RLADDER Ladder resistor
12
0
VIA
Analog input voltage
143
50
I VREF
Reference power input current V REF = 5.0 V
Note: V CC = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, V SS = 0 V, and Ta = –20 °C to 85°C (Ta = –40 °C to 85°C
temperature range version), unless otherwise noted.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
12.5
VCC
VCC
100
VREF
416
for extended
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
1.21.2 Necessary Conditions for Timing and Switching Characteristics
Table 1.21.13 lists the necessary conditions for timing and the switching characteristics of the 7480 Group
and 7481 Group, and Figure 1.21.1 shows the timing diagram.
Table 1.21.13 Necessary Conditions for Timing and Switching Characteristics (Note)
Parameter
UART
Clock synchronous
Symbol
Min.
Limits
Typ.
Max.
Unit
tC(S CLK)
tWH(SCLK)
Serial I/O clock input cycle time
Serial I/O clock input HIGH pulse width
2000
880
ns
tWL(SCLK)
Serial I/O clock input LOW pulse width
880
ns
tSU (RxD–SCLK)
Serial I/O input set-up time
160
th(SCLK –RxD)
Serial I/O input hold time
80
ns
ns
td(SCLK –TxD)
Serial I/O output delay time
tC(S CLK)
500
220
ns
tWH(SCLK)
Serial I/O clock input cycle time
Serial I/O clock input HIGH pulse width
tWL(SCLK)
Serial I/O clock input LOW pulse width
220
ns
ns
100
ns
ns
Note: Values at V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V, V SS = 0 V, Ta = –40 °C to 85°C, and f(X IN ) = 8 MHz
tc(SCLK)
tWL(SCLK)
tWH(SCLK)
0.8VCC
SCLK
0.8VCC
0.2VCC
0.2VCC
tsu(RXD-SCLK)
RXD
0.8VCC
th(SCLK-RXD)
0.8VCC
0.8VCC
0.2VCC
0.2VCC
td(SCLK-TXD)
TXD
Figure 1.21.1 Timing Diagram
1.21.3 Typical Characteristics of Power Source Current
The typical characteristics of the power source current
described in this section are based on a limited
number of samples in the 7480 Group and 7481
Group. ‘Typical values’ are not guaranteed.
For the limits, refer to section 1.21.1 Electrical
Characteristics.
7480 Group
7481 Group
ICC
VCC
A
Figure 1.21.2 shows a measurement circuit of typical
power source current characteristics.
VSS
XIN XOUT
0 to 5.5V
Figure 1.21.2 Measurement Circuit of Typical Power
Source Current Characteristics
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
(1) VCC–I CC Characteristics
Figures 1.21.3 to 1.21.6 show the VCC–I CC characteristics of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Conditions: System operates at 25°C, f(XIN) = 8 MHz (with
a ceramic resonator) in High-speed mode
10.0
9.0
During A-D conversion
Power source current ICC [mA]
8.0
7.0
6.0
No A-D conversion
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Power source voltage VCC [V]
Figure 1.21.3 VCC –I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in High-Speed Mode)
Conditions: System operates at 25°C, f(XIN) = 8 MHz (with
a ceramic resonator) in Medium-speed mode
Power source current ICC [mA]
5.0
4.0
During A-D conversion
3.0
No A-D conversion
2.0
1.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Power source voltage VCC [V]
Figure 1.21.4 VCC –I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in Medium-Speed Mode)
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1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Conditions: 25°C, f(XIN) = 8 MHz (with a ceramic resonator)
in wait mode
Power source current ICC [mA]
0.3
High-speed mode
0.2
Medium-speed mode
0.1
0.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Power source voltage VCC [V]
Figure 1.21.5 VCC –ICC Characteristics (in Wait Mode)
Conditions: 25°C, f(XIN) = 0 MHz
in stop mode
0.8
0.7
Power source current ICC [nA]
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
2.0
3. 0
4. 0
5.0
6. 0
Power source voltage VCC [V]
Figure 1.21.6 VCC –ICC Characteristic (in Stop Mode)
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
(2) f(X IN)–ICC Characteristics
Figures 1.21.7 and 1.21.8 show the f(X IN)-I CC characteristics of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Conditions: System operates at 25 °C,
with a ceramic resonator
in High-speed mode
Power source current ICC [mA]
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
: VCC = 5 V (During A-D conversion)
: VCC = 5 V (No A-D conversion)
: VCC = 3 V (During A-D conversion)
: VCC = 3 V (No A-D conversion)
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Clock input oscillation frequency f(XIN) [MHz]
Figure 1.21.7 f(X IN)–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in High-Speed Mode)
Conditions: System operates at 25 °C,
with a ceramic resonator
in medium-speed mode
Power source current ICC [mA]
3.0
2.0
1.0
: VCC = 5 V (During A-D conversion)
: VCC = 5 V (No A-D conversion)
: VCC = 3 V (During A-D conversion)
: VCC = 3 V (No A-D conversion)
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Clock input oscillation frequency f(XIN) [MHz]
Figure 1.21.8 f(X IN)–I CC Characteristics (at System Operating in Medium-Speed Mode)
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
1.21.4 Typical Characteristics of Ports
The typical characteristics of the ports described in this section are based on limited numbers of samples
in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group. ‘Typical values’ are not guaranteed. For the limits, refer to Section
1.21.1 Electrical Characteristics.
Figure 1.21.9 shows measurement circuits of typical port characteristics. Figures 1.21.10 through 1.21.12
show the typical characteristics of ports of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
1
2 IOL – VOL characteristics
IOH – VOH characteristics
measurement circuit
measurement circuit
7480 Group
7480 Group
VCC
7481 Group
7481 Group
3
VCC
0 V to VCC
IIL – VIL characteristics
measurement circuit
7480 Group
7481 Group
VCC
0 V to VCC
VCC
VCC
A
VCC
A
IOL
P00
P00
IOH
P00
IIL
A
VSS
VSS
0 V to VCC
VSS
Figure 1.21.9 Measurement Circuits of Typical Port Characteristics
Condition : 25 °C
HIGH output current IOH [mA]
–60.0
–50.0
–40.0
VCC = 5V
–30.0
–20.0
–10.0
VCC = 3V
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
HIGH output voltage VOH [V]
Figure 1.21.10 VOH–IOH Characteristics on P-Channel Side of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output)
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Condition : 25 °C
70.0
VCC = 5V
LOW output current IOL [mA]
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
VCC = 3V
20.0
10.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
LOW output voltage VOL [V]
Figure 1.21.11 VOL–IOL Characteristics on N-Channel Side of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output)
Condition : 25 °C
–0.6
LOW input current IIL [mA]
–0.5
–0.4
VCC = 5V
–0.3
–0.2
VCC = 3V
–0.1
0.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
LOW input voltage VIL [V]
Figure 1.21.12 VIL–IIL Characteristics of Pull-up Transistor of Programmable I/O Port (CMOS Output)
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
1.21.5 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion
Figures 1.21.13 and 1.21.14 show typical characteristics of A-D conversion of the 7480 Group and 7481
Group in different measurement conditions.
The bottom line in each graph shows an absolute accuracy error (ERROR), indicating offset from the ideal
value at the point where an output code changes.
For example, a ‘3F16→4016’ change in an output code ideally takes place at the point where IN0 = 1270mV,
in Figure 1.21.13.
However, 1270–1 = 1269 mV is obtained as the measured changing point, because the absolute accuracy
error is –1 mV.
The top line in each graph represents the width of input voltages that have the same output code in 1-LSB
WIDTH.
For example, ‘21–20 = 1 mV (0.05 LSB)’ is obtained as the differential non-linear error because the
measurement value of the width of input voltages whose output codes are ‘3F 16 ’, is 21 mV.
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Figure 1.21.13 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion (1)
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HARDWARE
1.21 Electrical Characteristics
Figure 1.21.14 Typical Characteristics of A-D Conversion (2)
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
CHAPTER 2
APPLICATIONS
2.1 Input/Output Pins
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.3 Serial I/O
2.4 A-D Converter
2.5 Reset
2.6 Oscillation Circuit
2.7 Power-Saving Function
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.9 Notes on Programming
2.10 Differences between 7480 and 7481
Group, and 7477 and 7478 Group
2.11 Application Circuit Examples
APPLICATIONS
2.1 Input/Output Pins
2.1 Input/Output Pins
(1) External Circuit Example for Output Ports
POINT: The following currents and voltages must be within specifications in the recommended operating
conditions when external circuits for I/O ports are designed.
For Input Ports
Input voltage
Input current
For Output Ports
Output sum currents
Output peak current
Output average current
For the recommended operating conditions, refer to Section 1.21 Electrical Characteristics.
Note:
When a key matrix is used for multi-key inputs, take account of the total current which results
from multiple inputs and is input to one port.
Figure 2.1.1 shows an external circuitry for output ports.
VCC=5 V
• LOW output sum current
IOL0 + IOL1 + IOL2 = 36 mA < 60 mA
(Note 1)
P00
IOL0=12 mA
• LOW output peak current
R0=250 Ω
(Note 1)
IOL0 = IOL1 = IOL2 = 12 mA < 20 mA
P01
IOL1=12 mA
R1=250 Ω
• LOW output average current (in a period of 100 ms) (Note 2)
(Note 1)
P02
IOL2=12 mA
R2=250 Ω
12 mA × 10 ms × 5
= 6 mA < 10 mA
100 ms
7480 Group
7481 Group
Shaded areas: Maximum ratings
Notes 1: LED (VF = 2 V) used.
2: Turn-on timing of LEDs connected to port pins P00, P01 and P02 (50% duty cycle).
10 ms
10 ms
Turned on for 10 ms, five times in a 100-ms period.
Figure 2.1.1 External Circuit for Output Ports
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.1 Input/Output Pins
(2) Simplifying External Circuit Example by Using Level Shift Port and Noise Margin
POINT: Ports P4 and P5 have N-channel open-drain outputs. Built-in clamping diodes allow voltages
V CC or more to be applied to port pins when the current for a pin is 1 mA or less.
Voltages VIL = 0.4 VCC and VIH = 0.8 VCC can be applied to ports P3, P4, and P5 (at V CC
= 4.5 V 5.5 V).
Figure 2.1.2 shows a simplified external circuit example by using a level shift port and noise margin.
The former hardware
12 V power source (VCC)
5 V power source
VI
SW
Port
7480 Group
7481 Group
Hardware using
level shift port
12 V power source (VCC)
SW
Port
VF
VIL
7480 Group
7481 Group
Ground voltage level
Max. 1.0 V
VIL = SW ground voltage level (Max.) + VF (Max.)
= 1.0 [V] + 1.0 [V]
= 2.0 [V] (Max.) ≤ 0.4 VCC
Figure 2.1.2 Simplified External Circuit Example by Using Level Shift Port and Noise Margin
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.1 Application Example of Timer Mode
Generation of period of 100 ms (100-ms Periodic Processing)
POINT: The clock is divided by timer X, and the CPU performs periodic processing with a timer X
interrupt service routine generated every 100 ms.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
A timer X interrupt is generated every 100 ms using the timer mode of timer X.
Periodic processing is performed every 100 ms with timer X interrupt service
routine.
Figure 2.2.1 shows a setting example of the division ratio.
Figure 2.2.2 shows a control procedure example of 100-ms processing.
Fixed division ratio
f(XIN) = 8 MHz
1/16
Timer X
1/50000
100 ms
100-ms periodic processing with
timer X interrupt service routine
Figure 2.2.1 Setting Example of Division Ratio
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET (Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
1 0 × × 0 0 0 0 TXM(Address 00F616)
Timer • event count mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Timer X count source: f(XIN)/16
Timer X ← C34F16 (Note 2)
Timer X interrupt request bit ← 0
Timer X interrupt enable bit ← 1
Set Timer XY control register
b7
b0
0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count started
CLI
Timer X interrupt generated every 100 ms
Timer X interrupt service routine
Processing
100-ms periodic processing
RTI
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Timer X stop control bit = 1 (count stopped)
2: • C34F16 = 50000 – 1
• Write in order of low-order to high-order byte.
Figure 2.2.2 Control Procedure Example of 100-ms Processing
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.2 Application Example of Event Count Mode
Measurement of Water Flow Rate
POINT: Pulses generated corresponding to the water flow rate are counted for a fixed period (100
ms), and the water flow rate during this period is calculated.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
Pulses generated corresponding to the water flow rate are input to the CNTR1
pin and counted using the event count mode of timer Y.
The contents of timer Y are read in the timer X interrupt service routine generated
after 100 ms from the start of counting pulses, and the water flow rate during
100 ms is calculated.
Figure 2.2.3 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.4 shows the method of measuring water flow rate.
Figure 2.2.5 shows the control procedure example of measuring water flow rate.
For the setting example of division ratio from timer X, refer to Figure 2.2.1.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Water flow rate sensor
Water flow
P41/CNTR1
Blades rotate in proportion to
The faster the water flow,
water flow and generate pulses. the shorter the pulse period.
Figure 2.2.3 Peripheral Circuit Example
100 ms
Timer X interrupt request bit
CNTR1 input
Timer X, timer Y
start counting.
Timer Y counting (Note).
Timer X interrupt service routine
• Timer X, timer Y stop counting.
• Timer Y is read out.
Note: Counting rising edges.
• Flow rate during 100 ms = (FFFF16 – read value of timer Y) × flow rate per pulse
Figure 2.2.4 Method of Measuring Water Flow Rate
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
Flow rate measuring routine
Timer X interrupt enable bit ← 0
Timer Y interrupt enable bit ← 0
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
1 1 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count stop
Timer Y count stop
Port P41 (alternative function of CNTR1) is set to input.
CNTR1 edge selection bit ← 0
(counting rising edges)
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
1 0 × × 0 0 0 0 TXM(Address 00F616)
Timer • event count mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Timer X count source: f(XIN)/16
Set timer Y mode register
b7
b0
1 1 × × 0 0 0 0 TYM(Address 00F716)
Timer • event count mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Timer Y count source: CNTR1 pin input
Timer Y ← FFFF16 (Note 1)
Timer X← C34F16 (Note 2)
Timer X interrupt service routine
Timer X interrupt request bit ← 0
Timer Y interrupt request bit ← 0
Timer X interrupt enable bit ← 1
Set timer XY control register
b7
b7
b0
0 0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
Timer Y count start
END
b0
1 1 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Set timer XY control register
Timer X count stop
Timer Y count stop
Timer Y is read out (Note 3).
RTI
Note 1: • Initial value.
• Write to timer Y in order of low-order to high-order byte.
2: • C34F16 = 50000 – 1.
• Write to timer X in order of low-order to high-order byte.
3: • (FFFF16 – the read value of Timer Y) = the number of CNTR1
edges detected during 100 ms.
• Read from timer Y in order of high-order to low-order byte.
Figure 2.2.5 Control Procedure Example of Measuring Water Flow Rate
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.3 Application Example of Pulse Output Mode
Piezoelectric Buzzer Output
POINT: The pulse output mode of a 16-bit timer is used for buzzer output.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
4 kHz pulses are output from the CNTR0 pin using the pulse output mode of
timer X.
CNTR0 pin output level is fixed to HIGH while the buzzer output is stopped.
Figure 2.2.6 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.7 shows a setting example of the division ratio.
Figure 2.2.8 shows a control procedure example of buzzer output.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Outputs HIGH level while buzzer output is stopped.
CNTR0 pin
P40/CNTR0
Buzzer
output
125 µs 125 µs
Set the division ratio to make the timer X
underflow period 125 µs.
Figure 2.2.6 Peripheral Circuit Example
f(XIN)=8MHz
Fixed division
Timer X
1/8
1/125
125 µs
1/2
250 µs
Pulse output mode inverts the
output level of the CNTR0 pin.
Figure 2.2.7 Setting Example of Division Ratio
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
CNTR0 pin outputs 4-kHz pulses.
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET(Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) ← HIGH
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) is set to output.
CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 0 (Note 2)
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
0 1 × × 0 0 0 1 TXM(Address 00F616)
Pulse output mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Timer X count source : f(XIN)/8
Timer X ← 007C16(Note 3)
CLI
Processing
Buzzer output processing
Buzzer output requested ?
N
N
Y
Timer X count operating ?
N
Timer X count stopped ?
Y
Set timer XY control register
b7
Y
b0
1 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
Timer X count stop
0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
Timer X ← 007C16 (Note3)
Processing
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Timer X stop control bit = 1 (count stop)
2: In pulse output mode, the output level of CNTR0 pin is initialized to
HIGH by writing to timer X (writing to latch and timer simultaneously).
3: • 007C16 = 125–1
• Write to timer X in order of low-order to high-order byte.
• The output level of CNTR0 pin is initialized by writing to timer X
(writing to latch and timer simultaneously).
Figure 2.2.8 Control Procedure Example of Buzzer Output
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.4 Application Example of Pulse Period Measurement Mode
Phase Control of Load (Measuring Period of Feedback Signal)
POINT: The period of the feedback signal input from the load is measured using the pulse period
measurement mode of a 16-bit timer.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
Phase control signal is output to the load and controls the load’s phase.
The period of the feedback signal input to the CNTR0 pin from the load is
measured using the pulse period measurement mode of timer X.
• Count source: f(XIN)/16
The period of the feedback signal is analyzed to adjust the phase control signal
input to the load.
For the output of the phase control signal, refer to Section 2.2.7 Application Example of Programmable
One-shot Output Mode.
Figure 2.2.9 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.10 shows a phase control procedure example.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Feedback signal
Load
Phase control signal
P40/CNTR0
Port
VAC
Figure 2.2.9 Peripheral Circuit Example
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET(Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) is set to input.
CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 0
(measuring a period from rising until the next rising edge)
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
1 0 × × × 0 1 0 TXM(Address 00F616)
Pulse period measurement mode
Timer X count source: f(XIN)/16
CNTR0 interrupt request bit ← 0
CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 1
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
CLI
When detecting rising edge input to CNTR0 pin
CNTR0 interrupt service routine
Processing
Phase control processing
• Period of feedback signal analyzed
• Phase control signal adjusted
Processing
Timer X is read out (Note 2).
END
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Timer X stop control bit = 1 (count stop)
• Timer X interrupt enable bit = 0 (disabled)
2: Read from timer X in order of high-order to low-order byte.
Figure 2.2.10 Phase Control Procedure Example
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.5 Application Example of Pulse Width Measurement Mode
Communications between Two Microcomputers (Reception)
POINT: 8-bit data is received by measuring each bit’s HIGH-level width input to the CNTR pin and
identifying each bit data.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
The HIGH-level width of CNTR 0 pin input is measured using the pulse width
measurement mode of timer X.
• Count source: f(XIN )/8
The start, stop bits and each bit data of 8-bit receive data are identified by the
measured values of the HIGH-level widths.
Figure 2.2.11 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.12 shows a communication format example.
Figure 2.2.13 shows a communication control procedure example.
7480 Group
7481 Group
(Receiver)
Microcomputer (transmit ter)
Data
P40/CNTR0
Figure 2.2.11 Peripheral Circuit Example
Start
pulse
0.55 ms
0.05 ms
8-bit data
D0=0
D1=1
D2=0
0.15 ms
0.35 ms
0.15 ms
Longest communication time ≈ 4.6 ms
Shortest communication time ≈ 3.0 ms
D7=1
0.35 ms
Stop
pulse
0.75 ms
Data pulse‘0’: HIGH level output for 0.15 ms
Data pulse‘1’: HIGH level output for 0.35 ms
Start pulse: HIGH level output for 0.55 ms
Stop pulse: HIGH level output for 0.75 ms
(The LOW levels are output for 0.05 ms or more before
and after each pulse.)
Figure 2.2.12 Communication Format Example
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET(Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) is set to input.
CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 0(HIGH width measured)
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
0 1 × × × 0 1 1 TXM(Address 00F616)
Pulse width measurement mode
Timer X count source: f(XIN)/8
Timer X interrupt service routine processing
Timer X interrupt request bit ← 0
CNTR0 interrupt request bit ← 0
Error-recovery processing
Timer X interrupt enable bit ← 1
CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 1
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
RTI
0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
C : Carry Flag
rDATA : RAM for received data (1 byte)
rWORK : RAM for receiving data (2 bytes)
rCOUNT : RAM for counting data (1 byte)
CLI
RTI
Notes 1: After system is released from reset
• Timer X stop control bit = 1 (count stopped)
• CNTR0 edge selection bit = 0 (HIGH pulse width measured)
• Pin P40/CNTR0: input mode
2: Read from timer X in order of high-order to low-order byte.
3: 100 to 199 (Data pulse ‘0’)
4: 300 to 399 (Data pulse ‘1’)
5: 500 to 599 (Start pulse)
6: 700 to 799 (Stop pulse)
CNTR0 interrupt service routine
Timer X is read out (Note 2).
Read value from timer X ?
006416 through 00C716 (Note 3)
C←0
012C16 through018F16 (Note 4)
C←1
02BC16 through 031F16 (Note 6)
rCOUNT = 8 ?
Others
N
rCOUNT←0016
ROR rWORK
b7
01F416 through 025716 (Note 5)
rWORK←0016
Y
rDATA←rWORK
b0
C
Processing against
error generation
rWORK(Internal RAM)
rCOUNT←rCOUNT + 1
RTI
Figure 2.2.13 Communications Control Procedure Example
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.6 Application Example of Programmable Waveform Generation Mode
Control of Motorcycle Single-Cylinder Engine
POINT: A trigger input to the INT pin automatically starts a timer counting. This allows the CNTR pin
output to be changed with a more accurate timing than counting is started in an INT interrupt
service routine.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
A rise-to-rise period of a crank angle signal input to the CNTR0 pin is measured
using the pulse period measurement mode of timer X to determine the correction
value of timer Y.
The trigger of the crank angle signal input to the INT1 pin makes timer Y
activated. Then, the control signal of the igniter is output from the CNTR1 pin
using the programmable waveform generation mode.
For the pulse period measurement of the crank angle signal, refer to Section 2.2.4 Application
Example of Pulse Period Measurement Mode.
Figure 2.2.14 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.15 shows an operation timing example.
Figure 2.2.16 shows a control procedure example of motorcycle engine.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Motorcycle single-cylinder engine
Phase control signal
Igniter
P41/CNTR1
Crank angle input
P40/CNTR0
P31/INT1
Figure 2.2.14 Peripheral Circuit Example
Timer Y activated
Timer Y activated
Timer Y activated
Contents of timer Y
INT1 pin input
CNTR0 pin input
(Crank angle signal)
T
TL0 set 1
Count stop 5
Initial value set 6
TL1set 2
RL
RL
RL
RL
RL
UF
UF
RL
RL
Initial
value
000016
UF
UF
UF
3
Timer Y
output
level latch
UF
4
CNTR1 pin output
(Igniter control signal)
UF : Underflow
RL : Reload
T : Measured with pulse period measurement mode of timer X
TL0 : The written value to timer Y to correct HIGH output time of
the CNTR1 pin (determined by measured value T).
TL1 : The written value to timer Y to output LOW time of the CNTR1 pin
(determined by measured value T).
Figure 2.2.15 Operation Timing Example
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7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
UF
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET(Note 1)
INT1 Interrupt service routine
SEI
Change timer Y (Note 3) ➀
Initialize
RTI
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) is set to input.
Port P41 (alternative function of CNTR1) is set to output.
Timer Y interrupt service routine
INT1 edge selection bit ← (rising edge detected)
CNTR0 edge selection bit ← (rise-to-rise period detected)
After INT1 edge detected,
first timer Y interrupt occurs?
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
× × × 0 1 0 TXM(Address 00F616)
Pulse period measurement mode
Timer X count source selected
Y
Change timer Y (Note 3) ➁
Change timer Y output level latch ➂
b7
Set timer Y mode register (Note 2)
b7
b0
1 0 1 1 0 0 TYM (Address 00F716)
b0
1 1 0 1 0 0 TYM (Address 00F716)
Programmable waveform
generation mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Output level latch
Timer Y activated by input signal
to INT1 pin
Timer Y count source selected
Timer Y ← Initial value (Note 3)
Output level latch
After INT1 edge detected,
second timer Y interrupt occurs?
N
Y
Change timer Y output level latch ➃
b7
b0
1 1 1 1 0 0 TYM (Address 00F716)
Output level latch
Control timer Y writing
b7
N
b0
1 1 1 1 0 0 TYM (Address 00F716)
After INT1 edge detected,
third timer Y interrupt occurs?
Writing to latch only
Set timer XY control register
b7
N
Y
b0
0 0 TXYCON (Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
Timer Y count start (Note 4)
Stop timer Y counting ➄
b7
b0
1 0 TXYCON (Address 00F816)
Timer Y count stop
Control timer Y writing
Timer Y interrupt request bit ← 0
b7
b0
1 1 0 1 0 0 TYM (Address 00F716)
INT1 interrupt request bit ← 0
Writing to latch and timer
simultaneously
Timer Y interrupt enable bit ← 1
Timer Y ← Initial value (Note 3) ➅
INT1 interrupt enable bit ← 1
Control timer Y writing
CLI
b7
b0
1 1 1 1 0 0
TYM (Address 00F716)
Writing to latch only
Start Timer Y counting
Processing
b7
b0
0 0 TXYCON (Address 00F816)
Timer Y count start (Note 4)
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Timer X and Y stop control bits = 0 (count stopped)
• Timer Y and INT1 interrupt enable bits = 0 (disabled)
2: The output level of CNTR1 pin is initialized to LOW.
3: Write to timer Y in order of low-order to high-order byte.
4: In this time, timer Y remains still stopped.
RTI
Figure 2.2.16 Control Procedure Example of Motorcycle Engine
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
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APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.7 Application Example of Programmable One-Shot Output Mode
Phase Control of Load (Output of Phase Control Signals)
POINT: The phase control signal to the load is output using the programmable one-shot output mode
of a 16-bit timer.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
The phase control signal to the load is output from the CNTR 1 pin using the
programmable one-shot output mode of timer Y.
• Count source: f(X IN)/16
• Rising edges of the signal input to the INT 1 pin from the trigger detection
circuit are detected.
• A triac is turned on at the HIGH level.
The period of the feedback signal input from the load is measured, analyzed,
and used to adjust the phase control signal.
For the measurement of the period of the feedback signal, refer to Section 2.2.4 Application
Example of Pulse Period Measurement Mode.
Figure 2.2.17 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.18 shows an operation timing example.
Figure 2.2.19 shows a phase control procedure example.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Feedback signal
Port
Load
Phase control signal
P41/CNTR1
Trigger detection
circuit
P31/INT1
VAC
Figure 2.2.17 Peripheral Circuit Example
VAC power supply
Contents of timer Y
INT1 pin input
Writing to latch in
timer Y interrupt
service routine
RL
RL
000016
RL
RL
UF
RL
UF
RL
RL RL
RL RL
RL
UF
UF
UF
RL
UF
CNTR1 pin output
Figure 2.2.18 Operation Timing Example
2-16
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
RESET(Note 1)
INT1 interrupt service routine
Initialize
SEI
Change timer Y (Note 3)
Port P41 (alternative function of CNTR1) ← LOW
RTI
Port P41 (alternative function of CNTR1) is set to output.
INT1 edge selection bit ← 1 (rising edge detected)
CNTR1 edge selection bit ← 0 (Note 2)
Set timer Y mode register
b7
b0
1 0 × × 1 1 0 1 TYM(Address 00F716)
Programmable one-shot output mode
Writing to latch only
Timer Y count source : f(XIN)/16
Timer Y ← Initial value (Note 3)
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
0
TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer Y count start
INT1 interrupt request bit ← 0
INT1 interrupt enable bit ← 1
CLI
Processing
Phase control processing
• Period of feedback signal measured
• Measured value analyzed
(determination of timer Y setting value)
Processing
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Timer Y stop control bit = 0 (count stop)
• Timer Y interrupt enable bit = 0 (disabled)
2: HIGH level one-shot pulse is output.
3: Write to timer Y in order of low-order to high-order byte.
Figure 2.2.19 Phase Control Procedure Example
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-17
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
2.2.8 Application Example of PWM Mode
Output of Analog Voltage
POINT: Analog voltage is output using the PWM waveform.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN) = 8 MHz
PWM waveforms are output from the CNTR0 pin using the PWM mode of timer
X.
• Count source: f(X IN)/16
• The duty cycle of PWM waveforms is determined depending on analog voltage
output.
PWM waveforms are converted into the analog voltage using the external circuit
to the CNTR 0 pin.
Figure 2.2.20 shows a peripheral circuit example.
Figure 2.2.21 shows a control procedure example of analog voltage output.
7480 Group
7481 Group
HH
HL
VCC
VSS
VCC
VCC ×
P40/CNTR0
HH
HH+HL
VSS
Figure 2.2.20 Peripheral Circuit Example
2-18
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.2 Timer X and Timer Y
Analog voltage output routine
Set timer XY control register
b7
b0
1 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count stop
Set port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) (Note).
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0) is set to output.
Set Timer X Mode Register
b7
b0
× × 0 1 1 0 TXM(Address 00F616)
PWM mode
Writing to latch and timer simultaneously
Timer X count source selected
Set Timer X low-order byte (LOW width)
Set Timer X high-order byte (HIGH width)
Set Timer XY Control Register
b7
b0
0 TXYCON(Address 00F816)
Timer X count start
END
Note: The output analog voltage is initialized (VSS or VCC).
• The same potential as VSS to be output : P40/CNTR0 pin is set to ‘0’.
• The same potential as VCC to be output : P40/CNTR0 pin is set to ‘1’.
Figure 2.2.21 Control Procedure Example of Analog Voltage Output
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-19
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
2.3 Serial I/O
2.3.1 Application Example of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Transmission
Successive Transmission
POINT: Successive transmission is performed by generating a serial I/O transmit interrupt when the
transmit buffer register is emptied, as well as by generating a serial I/O transmit interrupt
request when serial I/O transmission is initialized to ‘enable’ by using the serial I/O control
register (Note).
Note: Refer to Using Serial I/O Transmit Interrupt and Serial I/O Receive Interrupt of (5)
Notes on Usage of Clock Synchronous Serial I/O in Section 1.14.2 Clock
Synchronous Serial I/O.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(XIN ) = 7.9872 MHz
5-byte successive transmission using clock synchronous serial I/O
• Baud rate: 2400 bps
• Synchronous clock: a frequency of 2.4 kHz, obtained from dividing f(XIN) is
output from the S CLK pin.
• The completion of communication preparation at the receiver is recognized
using port pin P1 7 as the S RDY signal input pin.
Figure 2.3.1 shows a connections example.
Figure 2.3.2 shows a setting example of the
synchronous clock.
Figure 2.3.3 shows the timing of interrupt
control. Figure 2.3.4 shows a control procedure
example of serial I/O transmit.
P15/TxD
RxD
P16/SCLK
SCLK
P17/SRDY
SRDY
7480 Group
7481 Group
Microcomputer
(Receiver)
Figure 2.3.1 Connection Example
f(XIN) = 7.9872 MHz
1/4
BRG count source
selection bit
‘0’
1/4
Baud rate
generator
1/52
‘1’
1/4
BRG
output
Figure 2.3.2 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock
2-20
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
Clock
generator
Synchronous clock
2.4 kHz
Baud rate : 2400bps
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
1st byte transmitted∗ 3rd byte transmitted ∗
Setting of serial I/O
control register
5th byte transmitted∗
1st byte transmitted ∗
2nd byte transmitted∗ 4th byte transmitted∗
2nd byte transmitted∗
Undefined
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt request bit
A B A
Write ‘1’
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt enable bit
Execute CLI
instruction
B A
Transmission requested
B A
B A
B
Write ‘0’
A
Write ‘1’
5-byte transmission completed
B A
Transmission requested
Interrupt disable flag
∗
: Processed within serial I/O transmit interrupt service routine.
A : Cleared by the acceptance of serial I/O transmit interrupt request.
B : Interrupt request generated with transmitter buffer register emptied.
System is released from reset.
Figure 2.3.3 Timing of Interrupt Control
RESET(Note 1)
Serial I/O transmit interrupt service routine
Initialize
SEI
Port P17 = LOW ?
N
Port P17 is set to input.
Y
Transmit buffer register ← BUFF_p(Note 4)
Baud rate generator ← 3316 (Note 2)
Set serial I/O control register (Note 3)
b7
1 is added to pointer p for BUFF.
p←p+1
b0
1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 SIOCON (Address 00E216)
BRG count source: f(XIN)/16
Synchronous clock:
BRG output divided by 4
SRDY output disabled
Transmit interrupt source:
Transmission buffer register is empty.
Transmit enabled
Receive disabled
Clock synchronous serial I/O
Serial I/O enabled
p≥5?
N
Y
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit ← 0
RTI
CLI
Transmit processing
Processing
Transmission requested ?
Y
5-byte transmission data is stored
to buffer area (BUFF)
BUFF_0 ← Transmission data 0
BUFF_1 ← Transmission data 1
• • •
BUFF_4 ← Transmission data 4 (1st byte)
Initialize pointer p for BUFF
p←0
N
Processing
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit ← 1
Serial I/O transmit interrupt
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit = 0
• Serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit = 0
2: 3316 = 52–1
3: In this time, serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit is 1.
4: Transmit/receive is started by writing to transmit buffer register.
BUFF: 5-byte buffer area
BUFF_0 to BUFF_4
Figure 2.3.4 Control Procedure Example of Serial I/O Transmit
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-21
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
2.3.2 Application Example of Clock Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Reception
Processing of Received Data Bytes as a Packet
POINT: RAM area is secured by adding the several bytes to the maximum number of bytes necessary
for data processing, and the received data is stored in increasing order of address in the
interrupt service routine. If the data overflows the RAM area, the overflow data is stored at
the start address of the RAM.
When the received data whose byte number satisfies the requirement of data processing is
stored completely in the buffer area, the data processing is performed in the main routine.
As a result, the received data can be stored without losing any bits of data in process even
when the subsequent received data is stored completely during the data processing.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(X IN) = 7.9872 MHz
UART reception
• Baud rate : 9600 bps
• Synchronous clock : f(XIN ) is divided into 9.6 kHz
• Communication format: 1ST-8DATA-1SP
Processing received data as a packet
The head data of every packet consists of the code characteristic for the head
data and the code indicating the number of bytes of the packet.
Figure 2.3.5 shows a connection example.
Figure 2.3.6 shows the setting example of the
synchronous clock.
Figure 2.3.7 shows a communication format.
Figure 2.3.8 shows a control procedure example
of serial I/O receive.
TxD
P14/RxD
7480 Group
7481 Group
(Receiver)
Microcomputer
(Transmitter)
Figure 2.3.5 Connection Example
f(XIN) = 7.9872 MHz
BRG count source
selection bit
‘0’
1/4
Baud rate
generator
1/13
1/4
‘1’
BRG output
1/16
Clock
generator
Synchronous clock
9.6 kHz
Baud rate : 9600bps
Figure 2.3.6 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock
Transmit data (1ST-8DATA-1SP)
LSB
ST
Head data
ST:
Di:
SP:
N:
MSB
D0
D1
∗
D6
D7
1st byte
SP
(n – 1)th byte
Start bit
Data bit (i = 0 to 7)
Stop bit
The number of bytes of the packet
∗: Consists of the code characteristic for the head data
and the code indicating the number of bytes of
the packet.
1 packet (N bytes)
Figure 2.3.7 Communication Format
2-22
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
RESET (Note 1)
Initialize
RAM area
SEI
BUFF_0
BUFF_1
Pointer for writing to BUFF (pw) ← 0016
Pointer for reading from BUFF (pr) ← 0016
Write receive data in serial I/O
receive interrupt service routine
BUFF_pw
Baud rate generator ← 0C16 (Note 2)
Set serial I/O control register
b7
b0
BUFF_pr
1 0 1 0 × × 0 0 SIOCON (Address 00E216)
Head data of the packet
BRG count source : f(XIN)/4
Synchronous clock : BRG output divided by 16
N-byte buffer area
BUFF_(N–2)
Transmit disabled
Receive enabled
Clock asynchronous serial I/O
Serial I/O enabled
BUFF_(N–1)
Set UART control eegister
b7
b0
0 × 0 0 UARTCON (Address 00E316)
Serial I/O receive interrupt service routine
Character length bit : 8 bits
Parity disabled
Stop bit length : 1 bit
Read from receive buffer register
BUFF_pw ← Read data
Serial I/O receive interrupt request bit ← 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit ← 1
Processing head data received?
CLI
N
Y
Analyze the number of bytes of the packet
Processing
i ← 0016
pr ≠ pw and i = the number of bytes
of the packet ?
N
pr = pw
i←i+1
Y
• The contents of pr and data of the numbers of bytes
packet is stored in another RAM in order not to
destroy them.
• Processing for 1 packet data from BUFF_pr
i ← 0016
pr ← pr + 1
pr ≥ N?
N
Y
pr ← 0016
pr = pw
Processing
RTI
Notes 1: Processing after system is released from reset.
•Serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit = 0 (disabled)
2: 0C16 = 13–1
Figure 2.3.8 Control Procedure Example of Serial I/O Receive
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-23
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
2.3.3 Application Example of Bus Arbitration Interrupt
LAN Communications in Contention Bus System
POINT: In LAN communications with the contention bus system, the malfunction of transmission due
to bus collision is detected with a bus arbitration interrupt.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock: f(X IN) = 7.9872 MHz
LAN communication format: Simplified SAE J1850 (PWM system)
The CNTR 0 pin is connected to the RxD pin, and SOF is detected with the
rising edge of a CNTR0 pin input
Data is transmitted and received by clock synchronous serial I/O communications.
• Baud rate: 41600 bps
• Synchronous clock: f(XIN) is divided into 41.6 kHz
• Bus collision detected
The HIGH level has priority on LAN communication line at bus collision
Figure 2.3.9 shows a connection example.
Figure 2.3.10 shows a setting example of the synchronous clock.
Figure 2.3.11 shows a communication format example of simple SAE J1850.
Figure 2.3.12 shows a communication timing example.
Figures 2.3.13 and 2.3.14 show control procedure examples.
Unit B
Unit C
Unit D
LAN communication Line (+)
LAN communication Line (–)
• Conflicts between unit A and unit B
Unit A
IN
P14/RxD
OUT
H
Unit B
TxD pin output
H
LAN communication line
(RxD pin input)
H
BUS –
Driver
P40/CNTR0
Unit A
TxD pin output
BUS +
P15/TxD
7480 Group
7481 Group
L
L
L
Bus collision
detected in unit B
Figure 2.3.9 Connection Example
f(XIN)=7.9872MHz
1/4
BRG count source
selection bit
‘0’
1/4
Baud rate
generator
1/4
1/3
‘1’
BRG output
Clock
generator
Synchronous clock
41.6 kHz
Baud rate : 41600bps
Figure 2.3.10 Setting Example of Synchronous Clock
2-24
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
1 frame
SOF
1 byte
Priority code
Transmit/Receive
Data Name
SOF
1 byte
Target ID
Max. 7 bytes
1 byte
Source ID
1 byte
CRC code
Data area
Function
EOD
Indicates the head of
4 time
2 time
L
When transmitting
Code for priority
control in multi-unit
transmission
AA
3 time
ID number of
target unit
ID number of
transmit unit
Data Area
Transmit data
A
• 1 bit represented by 3 time (1 byte represented by 3 bytes).
• Both transmitter and receiver communicate with serial I/O.
• Priority code: ‘0016’ (high priority) through ‘FF16’ (low priority).
H
Source ID
L
3 time
H
L
L
When transmitting ‘0’
When transmitting ‘1’
Data
Transmit
data
generated
1 byte data
b7
3 time
H
b0
Code for error
detection
Transmit data 1
b7
D5 1
0 D6 1
b0
0 D7 1
Transmit data 2
b7
D 7 D 6 D 5 D 4 D3 D2 D1 D 0
CRC Code
IFS
• Fixed format of 6 time.
• Transmitter transmits ‘001111002’ with serial transmission.
• Receiver detects data with CNTR0 interrupt and recognizes with
pulse width measurement mode of timer X.
H
Target ID
EOF
Transmission/Reception
(Start of Frame) the frame
Priority
Code
1 byte
RSP code
b0
1 0 D3 1 0 D4 1 0
Transmit data 3
b7
0 D0 1
0 D1 1
b0
0 D2
AA
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
AAAAAAAAAA
AA
1 byte data transmit
RSP Code
Receiver transmits
self-address if data is
correctly received on
error detection
Transmit data 1
(End of Data)
EOF
(End of Frame)
Indicates the end of
data
Indicates the end of
frame
Transmit data 3
L
D7
EOD
Transmit data 2
H
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
• Fixed format of 3 time.
• Both transmitter and receiver generate a wait time with timer 1.
3 time
H
L
IFS
(Inter-Frame
Separation)
Indicates the
separation between
frames
• Fixed format of 6 time.
• Both transmitter and receiver generate a wait time with timer 1.
6 time
H
L
Figure 2.3.11 Communication Format Example of Simplified SAE J1850
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-25
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
• When unit A, unit B, and unit C start transmitting simultaneously
SOF
Unit A
TxD pin output
Priority code
‘01××××××2’
0
H
L
Writing ‘0011110016’ to
transmit buffer register
for SOF transmission
Bus collision detected
Transmit processing
completed
Receive processing start
0
Target ID
‘1 ×××××××2’
EOD
EOF
IFS
L
Bus collision detected
Transmit processing
completed
Receive processing start
Priority code
‘00××××××2’
0
0
Successive writing dummy
data ‘0016’ to transmit buffer
register for reception of source
ID to CRC code after
recognizing that target ID is
source ID of unit B.
When the correct reception is
checked by CRC code, writing
RSP code to transmit buffer register
is performed.
Target ID
Source ID
‘0 ×××××××2’
transmit data
(Transmit to unit B)
CRC code EOD
RSP code
EOF
Receive
processing
complet ed
IFS
0
H
L
Writing ‘0011110016’ to
transmit buffer register
for SOF transmission
SOF
H
Transmit
processing
completed
Successive writing 3 times
dummy data ‘0016’ to
transmit buffer register
for reception of RSP code
Units other than units A, B and C
start receive processing at the
rising edge of CNTR0 pin
Priority code
0
0
Target ID
Source ID
transmit data
CRC code EOD
RSP code
EOF
IFS
0
L
Receive processing completed
after recognizing that target ID is not
source ID of units other than unit B.
Units other than units A, B and C
write successively dummy data ‘0016’
to transmit buffer register
for reception of priority code to CRC code
Figure 2.3.12 Communication Timing Example
2-26
RSP code
H
SOF
LAN
communication line
(RxD pin input)
Receive processing completed
after recognizing that target ID
is not source ID of unit A.
1
0
Writing ‘0011110016’ to
transmit buffer register
for SOF transmission
Unit C
TxD pin output
Successive writing dummy
data ‘0016’ to transmit buffer
register for reception of target
ID to CRC code
Priority code
‘00××××××2’
SOF
Unit B
TxD pin output
Target ID
1
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
Communication
completed
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
Transmit service routine
RESET(Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Port P40 (alternative function of CNTR0 pin) is set to input.
CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 1
(Rising edge active)
When EOD is output, waiting time is generated
(Note 3)
After EOD waiting time elapses, RSP code is received
(writing dummy data to transmit buffer register)
After receiving RSP code, EOF and IFS are output and
waiting time is generated (Note 3)
After EOF/IFS waiting time elapses
(when transmit completed)
• Bus arbitration interrupt enable bit ← 0
• CNTR0 interrupt request bit ← 0
• CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 1
Baud rate generator ← 0216 (Note 2)
Set serial I/O control register (Note 3)
b7
When transmit is started
• Transmit data generated
(1 byte represented by 3 bytes)
• Bus arbitration interrupt request bit ← 0
• Bus arbitration interrupt enable bit ← 1
• CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 0
• SOF transmission (writing to transmit buffer register)
b0
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 SIOCON (Address 00E216)
BRG count source: f(XIN)/16
Synchronous clock:
BRG output divided by 4
SRDY output disabled
Transmit interrupt source:
Transmission buffer register is empty.
Transmit enabled
Receive enabled
Clock synchronous serial I/O
Serial I/O enabled
END
Receive service routine
After SOF receive is completed
• CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 0
When priority code to CRC code, and RSP code
are received
3-byte receive data is converted to 1-byte data.
Receive processing is completed after recognizing
that received target ID is not self ID.
When EOD is detected, EOD waiting time is
generated (Note 3)
When the correct reception is checked by CRC code
after EOD waiting time elapses, RSP code is
transmitted (writing to transmit buffer register)
After transmitting RSP code, EOF and IFS
waiting time is generated (Note 3)
After EOF/IFS wait time elapses
(when receive completed)
• CNTR0 interrupt request bit ← 0
• CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 1
Bus collision detection enable bit ← 1
Serial I/O transmit interrupt request bit ← 0
Serial I/O receive interrupt request bit ← 0
CNTR0 interrupt request bit ← 0
Serial I/O transmit interrupt enable bit ← 1
Serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit ← 1
CNTR0 interrupt enable bit ← 1
CLI
Processing
END
During transmission or reception ?
Y
During transmitting
During receiving
N
Transmission requested ?
Y
Transmit service routine
Receive service routine
N
Processing
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• Bus arbitration interrupt enable bit = 0
2: 0216 = 3–1
3: Waiting time is generated by timer 1.
4: Write ‘0016’ as dummy data to transmit buffer register.
Figure 2.3.13 Control Procedure Example (1) of LAN Communications
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-27
APPLICATIONS
2.3 Serial I/O
Serial I/O transmit interrupt service routine
When transmitting
Write the following transmit data to transmit buffer
register by the byte at one interrupt processing
1. Priority code
2. Target ID
3. Source ID
4. Data
5. CRC code
In the interrupt processing after writing transmit data
to transmit buffer register is completed, change
transmit interrupt source to ‘when transmit shift
operation is completed’, and the interrupt source is
back to the state before changing at the next interrupt
processing.
Serial I/O receive interrupt service routine
When transmitting
Transmit data is received
When RSP code is received
When receiving
Read receive buffer register
1. Priority code
2. Target ID
3. Source ID
4. Data
5. CRC code
Level of RxD pin is checked every 3-byte reception
• HIGH level: next data is received
• LOW level: EOD is detected
When receiving
Write dummy data to transmit buffer register
RTI
RTI
Bus arbitration interrupt service routine
When SOF collision occurs, transmit processing is
stopped and receive processing is started from
priority code.
When priority code collision occurs,
transmit processing is stopped and receive
processing is started from target ID.
When data collision occurs, communication error on
communication line is detected, transmit processing is
stopped, and processing against error such as retransmission is performed.
Bus arbitration interrupt enable bit ← 0
CNTR0 interrupt service routine (when receiving)
When rising edge is detected
• CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 0
(falling edge detected)
• HIGH width is measured with timer X
When falling edge is detected
• CNTR0 edge selection bit ← 1
(rising edge detected)
• LOW width is measured with timer X
• SOF LOW width waiting time is generated with
timer 1 (acceptance of timer 1 interrupt request
is enabled)
Reception is completed when SOF is not received
correctly.
RTI
RTI
Timer 1 interrupt service routine
When SOF is received
• Write dummy data to transmit buffer register for
generating synchronous clock
• Acceptance of timer 1 interrupt request is disabled
Processing for EOD, EOF and IFS waiting time elapse
RTI
Note: Write ‘0016’ as dummy data to transmit buffer register.
Figure 2.3.14 Control Procedure Example (2) of LAN Communications
2-28
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.4 A-D Converter
2.4 A-D Converter
2.4.1 Determination of A-D Conversion Values
In A-D conversion, it is recommended to determine conversion values using several samplings to improve
the accuracy of A-D conversion. Methods for sampling and determining A-D conversion values are described
below.
Sampling Methods
EXAMPLES: ➀ Sampling 2 n times
➁ Running sampling 2n times
➂ Sampling (2 n + 2) times
Notes 1: ‘n’ is a positive integer according to the specifications.
Determining Methods
EXAMPLES: ➀ The sum of the sampling result is divided by the number of times of the sampling.
➁ Except the minimum and the maximum value, the sum of the sampling (or running
sampling) results of (2 n + 2) times is divided by 2 n.
➂ The average value calculated by ➀ or ➁ is updated unless the difference between
the previous and the newest value is ‘m’ or more.
Notes 2: ‘m’ and ‘n’ are positive integers according to the specifications.
A method derived from these examples of sampling and determining is explained in Section 2.4.2
Application Example of A-D Converter.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-29
APPLICATIONS
2.4 A-D Converter
2.4.2 Application Example of A-D Converter
POINT: To improve the accuracy of A-D conversion, A-D conversion values are determined by
Sampling Methods ➁ and ➂, and Determining Methods ➁ and ➂ of Section 2.4.1
Determination of A-D Conversion Values.
SPECIFICATIONS:
After the running sampling has been taken 6 times, the sum of the sampling
results, except the minimum and maximum values, is divided by 4.
When the difference between the new average value and the previous updated
value is less than 5, the value is updated to the new value, when 5 or more,
the value is not updated.
Figure 2.4.1 shows the example of determining A-D conversion values.
Figure 2.4.2 shows the control procedure example of determining of A-D conversion values.
The newest A-D conversion result
Sampling point
A-D conversion result
(n-7)th
sampling
A816
(n-6)th
sampling
(n-5)th
sampling
(n-4)th
sampling
A716
A916
A816
Average value =
(n-3)th
sampling
A616
Minimum
value
(n-2)th
sampling
A716
A816
A916 + A816 + A716 + A816
4
Figure 2.4.1 Example of Determining A-D Conversion Values
2-30
(n-1)th
sampling
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
n-th
sampling
AB16
Maximum
value
= A816
(n+1)th
sampling
Time
APPLICATIONS
2.4 A-D Converter
A-D conversion routine
A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit ← ‘0’
Set A-D conversion control register
b7
b0
1 1 0 0 0 ADCON (Address 00D916)
Analog input pin : P20/IN0
Connect between VREF pin
and ladder resistor
VREF stabilizing wait time
Set A-D conversion control register
b7
b0
1 0 0 0 0 ADCON (Address 00D916)
A-D conversion start
A-D conversion completed ? (Note)
N
Y
Average of 4-time samplings, which the maximum
value and the minimum value are excluded from
6-time samplings, is calculated.
The difference from previous
determined value is less than 5 ?
N
Y
Update of determined value
(The last calculated average value becomes
the determined value)
END
Note: The completion of A-D conversion is examined by the following.
• A-D conversion completion bit of A-D conversion control register is ‘1’.
• A-D conversion completion interrupt request bit of interrupt request register 1 is ‘1’.
• Branch to A-D conversion completion interrupt service routine is performed.
(When A-D conversion completion interrupt is enabled)
Figure 2.4.2 Control Procedure Example of Determining A-D Conversion Values
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-31
APPLICATIONS
2.5 Reset
2.5 Reset
Figure 2.5.1 shows reset circuit examples.
7480 Group
7481 Group
7480 Group
7481 Group
VCC
RESET
RESET
VCC
Power source voltage detection circuit
RESET, VCC pin number
32pin
42pin
44pin
RESET pin
18
25
21
VCC pin
17
22
18
Figure 2.5.1 Reset Circuit Examples
2-32
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.6 Oscillation Circuit
2.6 Oscillation Circuit
2.6.1 Oscillation Circuit with Ceramic Resonator
An oscillation circuit can be formed by connecting
a ceramic resonator between the XIN and XOUT pins.
Figure 2.6.1 shows an oscillation circuit example
with a ceramic resonator.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Note: Set oscillation circuit parameters, such as Rd,
CIN , and C OUT, to the values recommended
by the manufacturer of the resonator.
XIN
XOUT
Rd
CIN
COUT
XIN, XOUT pin number
32pin
42pin
44pin
XIN pin
14
19
14
XOUT pin
15
20
15
Figure 2.6.1 Oscillation Circuit Example with
Ceramic Resonator
2.6.2 External Clock Input to XIN
An external clock input to the XIN pin can be supplied
to the built-in clock generator.
Figure 2.6.2 shows the external clock circuit example.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Notes 1: Leave the XOUT pin open when an external
clock is input to the X IN pin.
2: Use a 50% duty cycle pulse signal as the
external clock input to the XIN pin.
XIN
XOUT
External clock
Open
VCC
VSS
Duty cycle 50%
XIN, XOUT pin number
32pin
42pin
44pin
XIN pin
14
19
14
XOUT pin
15
20
15
Figure 2.6.2 External Clock Circuit Example
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-33
APPLICATIONS
2.7 Power-Saving Function
2.7 Power-Saving Function
2.7.1 Application Example of Stop Mode
Power-Saving in Key-Input Waiting State
POINT: When the CPU has no key input for the specified period in its key-input waiting state, the
CPU enters the stop mode and reduces power dissipation by halting itself and its peripherals.
Any key input, thereafter, generates a key-on wakeup interrupt request, and the CPU returns
to the normal mode by accepting the request.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Port pin P0 0 is used as a key-input pin.
When having no key input for the specified period, the CPU executes the STP
instruction to enter the stop mode.
Any key input generates a key-on wakeup interrupt request in the stop mode,
and the CPU returns to the normal mode by accepting the request.
Figure 2.7.1 shows a connection example.
Figure 2.7.2 shows an operation example in the key-input waiting state.
Figure 2.7.3 shows a control procedure example of power-saving in key-input waiting state.
P00
Key input
7480 Group
7481 Group
Figure 2.7.1 Connection Example
STP instruction
executed
Key-input waiting state
after the specified period
XIN
Key-on wakeup interrupt
request generated
AAAAA
AAAAA
STP instruction
execution cycle
Stop mode state
Oscillator start-up stabilizing time
2048 count of XIN pin input signal
Undefined
XIN pin : High-impedance state
Internal clock φ
Key input
Port P0
Figure 2.7.2 Operation Example in Key-Input Waiting State
2-34
Key-on wakeup interrupt
service routine executed
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.7 Power-Saving Function
RESET(Note)
Initialize
SEI
Port P00 is set to input.
Port P00 is pulled high.
Set edge polarity selection register
b7
b0
1
EG (Address 00D416)
Key-on wakeup
Set STP instruction operation control register
(Writing 2 times)
1st writing
b7
b0
1 STPCON (Address 00DE16)
Writing ‘1’
2nd writing
b7
b0
0 STPCON (Address 00DE16)
STP/WIT instruction valid
Processing
CLI
Key input ?
Y
N
N
Specified period elapsed ?
Y
Key-on wakeup interrupt request bit ← 0
Key-on wakeup interrupt enable bit ← 1
Other interrupt enable bits ← 0
STP instruction execution
Stop mode
System is returned to normal mode after the
oscillation strat-up stabilization time elapsed.
Key input
Key-on wakeup interrupt service routine
Processing
The interrupt enable bit and timer 1 are
returned to the state before the STP
instruction is executed.
RTI
Note: State after system is released from reset
• STP/WIT instructions invalid.
Processing
Figure 2.7.3 Control Procedure Example of Power-Saving in Key-Input Waiting State
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-35
APPLICATIONS
2.7 Power-Saving Function
2.7.2 Application Example of Wait Mode
Power-Saving in Serial I/O Receive Waiting State
POINT: When serial I/O reception is not started in serial I/O receive enabled state, the CPU enters
the wait mode and reduces power dissipation by halting itself. Then, when a serial I/O
receive interrupt or a timer X interrupt is accepted after the specified period, and the CPU
returns to the normal mode and terminates the communications.
SPECIFICATIONS:
Clock synchronous serial I/O reception
• Synchronous clock: external clock input
• SRDY signal output
When serial I/O reception is not started in serial I/O receive enabled state, the
CPU executes the WIT instruction to enter the wait mode.
The CPU returns to the normal mode and terminates communications by either
of the acceptance of the following interrupt sources:
• Serial I/O receive interrupt
• Timer X interrupt: receive wait time is counted in the timer mode
Figure 2.7.4 shows a connection example.
Figure 2.7.5 shows an operation example in the serial I/O receive waiting state.
Figure 2.7.6 shows a control procedure of power-saving.
TxD
P14/RxD
SCLK
P16/SCLK
Port
P17/SRDY
7480 Group
7481 Group
Microcomputer
Figure 2.7.4 Connection Example
WIT instruction
executed
Serial I/O receive
ready completed
WIT instruction
execution cycle
Serial I/O receive interrupt or
timer X interrupt service routine executed
Wait mode state
XIN
Internal clock φ
Figure 2.7.5 Operation Example in Serial I/O Receive Waiting State
2-36
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.7 Power-Saving Function
RESET(Note 1)
Initialize
SEI
Set serial I/O control register
b7
b0
1 1 1 0 × 1 1 × SIOCON (Address 00E216)
Synchronous clock:
External clock input
SRDY output
Transmission disabled
Reception enabled
Clock synchronous serial I/O
Serial I/O enabled
Set timer X mode register
b7
b0
× × × × 0 0 0 0 TXM (Address00F616)
Timer • event count mode
Writing to latch and timer
simultaneously
Timer X count source selected
Set STP instruction operation control register
(Wring 2 times)
Processing
1st writing
b7
b0
2nd writing
b7
1 STPCON (Address 00DE16)
Writing ‘1’
Timer X ← Reception wait time count value (Note 2)
Serial I/O receive interrupt request bit ← 0
Timer X interrupt request bit ← 0
b0
0 STPCON (Address 00DE16)
STP/WIT instruction valid
Serial I/O receive interrupt enable bit ← 1
Timer X interrupt enable bit ← 1
Other interrupt enable bits ← 0
CLI
Timer X count stop bit ← 0
Receive buffer register ← Dummy data
WIT instruction executed
Wait mode
Reception is
completed or reception
waiting time elapses.
System is returned to normal mode after the
oscillation start-up stabilization time elapsed.
Serial I/O receive interrupt service routine or
timer X interrupt service routine
Processing
RTI
The interrupt enable bit is returned to the state
before the WIT instruction is executed.
Serial I/O disabled
Timer X count stop
Notes 1: State after system is released from reset
• STP/WIT instructions invalid.
2: Write in order of low-order to high-order byte.
Processing
Figure 2.7.6 Control Procedure Example of Power-Saving
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-37
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
Countermeasures against noise are described below. The following countermeasures are effective against
noise in theory, however, it is necessary not only to take measures as follows but to evaluate before actual
use.
2.8.1 Shortest Wiring Length
The wiring on a printed circuit board can be as an antenna which feeds noise into the microcomputer.
The shorter the total wiring length (by mm unit), the less the possibility of noise insertion into a microcomputer.
(1) Wiring for RESET Pin
Make the length of wiring which is connected to the RESET pin as short as possible. Especially,
connect a capacitor across the RESET pin and the VSS pin with the shortest possible wiring (within
20mm).
REASON
The reset works to initialize a microcomputer.
The width of a pulse input into the RESET pin is determined by the timing necessary conditions. If
noise having a shorter pulse width than the standard is input to the RESET pin, the microcomputer
is released from reset before the internal state of the microcomputer is completely initialized. This
may cause a program runaway.
Noise
Reset
circuit
RESET
VSS
N.G.
Reset
circuit
VSS
VSS
VSS
7480 Group
7481 Group
O.K.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Figure 2.8.1 Wiring for RESET Pin
2-38
RESET
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
(2) Wiring for Clock I/O Pins
• Make the length of wiring which is connected
to clock I/O pins as short as possible.
• Make the length of wiring (within 20 mm)
across the grounding lead of a capacitor
which is connected to an oscillator and the
V SS pin of a microcomputer as short as
possible.
• Separate the VSS pattern only for oscillation
from other V SS patterns.
Noise
7480 Group
7481 Group
XIN
XOUT
VSS
N.G.
REASON
A microcomputer’s operation synchronizes with
a clock generated by the oscillator (circuit). If
noise enters clock I/O pins, clock waveforms
may be deformed. This may cause a
malfunction or program runaway.
Also, if a potential difference is caused by the
noise between the VSS level of a microcomputer
and the V SS level of an oscillator, the correct
clock will not be input in the microcomputer.
(3) Wiring for V PP Pin of One Time PROM
Version and EPROM Version
(In the 7480 Group and 7481 Group, the V PP
pin is also used as the P3 3 pin)
Connect an approximately 5 kΩ resistor to
the V PP pin the shortest possible in series.
Note: Even when a circuit which included an
approximately 5 kΩ resistor is used in
the Mask ROM version, the
microcomputer operates correctly.
REASON
The VPP pin of the One Time PROM and the
EPROM version is the power source input pin
for the built-in PROM. When programming in
the built-in PROM, the impedance of the V PP
pin is low to allow the electric current for writing
flow into the PROM. Because of this, noise
can enter easily. If noise enters the V PP pin,
abnormal instruction codes or data are read
from the built-in PROM, which may cause a
program runaway.
7480 Group
7481 Group
XIN
XOUT
VSS
O.K.
Figure 2.8.2 Wiring for Clock I/O Pins
7480 Group
7481 Group
Approximately
5kΩ
P33/VPP
Figure 2.8.3 Wiring for VPP Pin of One Time PROM
and EPROM Version
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-39
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.8.2 Connection of Bypass Capacitor across VSS
Line and V CC Line
Connect an approximately 0.1 µF bypass capacitor
across the V SS line and the V CC line as follows:
• Connect a bypass capacitor across the V SS pin
and the V CC pin at equal length.
• Connect a bypass capacitor across the V SS pin
and the VCC pin with the shortest possible wiring.
• Use lines with a larger diameter than other signal
lines for VSS line and VCC line.
• Connect the power source line to V SS pin and
VCC pin through a bypass capacitor.
2.8.3 Connection of Bypass Capacitor across VSS
Line and V REF Line
Connect an approximately 0.01 µF bypass capacitor
across the V SS line and the V REF line as follows:
• Connect a bypass capacitor across the V SS pin
and the V REF pin at equal length.
• Connect a bypass capacitor across the V SS pin
and the VREF pin with the shortest possible wiring.
• Use lines with a larger diameter than other signal
lines for V SS line and V REF line.
2.8.4 Wiring to Analog Input Pins
• Connect an approximately 100 Ω to 1 kΩ resistor
to an analog signal line which is connected to an
analog input pin in series. Besides, connect the
resistor to the microcomputer as close as possible.
• Connect an approximately 0.1 to 1 µ F capacitor
across the V SS pin and the analog input pin.
Besides, connect the capacitor to the VSS pin as
close as possible. Also, connect the capacitor across
the analog input pin and the V SS pin at equal
length.
REASON
Signals which is input in an analog input pin (such
as an A-D converter input pin) are usually output
signals from sensor. The sensor which detects a
change of event is installed far from the printed
circuit board with a microcomputer, the wiring to an
analog input pin is longer necessarily. This long
wiring functions as an antenna which feeds noise
into the microcomputer, which causes noise to an
analog input pin.
If a capacitor between an analog input pin and the
VSS pin is grounded at a position far away from the
V SS pin, noise on the GND line may enter a
microcomputer through the capacitor.
2-40
VCC
VCC
VSS
VSS
N.G.
O.K.
Figure 2.8.4 Bypass Capacitor across VSS Line and
VCC Line
VREF
VREF
VSS
VSS
N.G.
O.K.
Figure 2.8.5 Bypass Capacitor across VSS Line and
VREF Line
Noise
(Note)
Microcomputer
Analog
input pin
Thermistor
N.G.
O.K.
VSS
Note:The resistor is used for dividing
resistance with a thermistor.
Figure 2.8.6 Analog Signal Line and Resistor and
Capacitor
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.8.5 Consideration for Oscillator
Take care to prevent an oscillator that generates
clocks for a microcomputer operation from being
affected by other signals.
(1) Keeping Oscillator Away from Large Current
Signal Lines
Install a microcomputer (and especially an
oscillator) as far as possible from signal lines
where a current larger than the tolerance of
current value flows.
REASON
In the system using a microcomputer, there
are signal lines for controlling motors, LEDs,
and thermal heads or others. When a large
current flows through those signal lines, strong
noise occurs because of mutual inductance.
7480 Group
7481 Group
Mutual inductance
M
XIN
XOUT
VSS
Large
current
GND
Figure 2.8.7 Wiring for Large Current Signal Line
7480 Group
7481Group
Do not cross
CNTR
XIN
(2) Keeping Oscillator Away from Signal Lines
Where Potential Levels Change Frequently
Install an oscillator and a connecting pattern
of an oscillator away from signal lines where
potential levels change frequently. Also, do
not cross such signal lines over the clock lines
or the signal lines which are sensitive to noise.
REASON
Signal lines where potential levels change
frequently (such as the CNTR pin line) may
affect other lines at signal rising or falling edge.
If such lines cross over a clock line, clock
waveforms may be deformed, which causes
a microcomputer failure or a program runaway.
(3) Oscillator Protection Using VSS Pattern
As for a two-sided printed circuit board, print
a VSS pattern on the underside (soldering side)
of the position (on the component side) where
an oscillator is mounted.
Connect the VSS pattern to the microcomputer
V SS pin with the shortest possible wiring.
Besides, separate this VSS pattern from other
VSS patterns.
XOUT
VSS
Figure 2.8.8 Wiring to Signal Line Where Potential
Levels Change Frequently
An example of VSS patterns on the
underside of a printed circuit board
7480 Group
7481 Group
AAAAA
AAA
AAAAAA
AA
Oscillator wiring
pattern example
XIN
XOUT
VSS
Separate the VSS line for oscillation from other VSS lines
Figure 2.8.9 VSS Patterns on Underside of Oscillator
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-41
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.8.6 Setup for I/O Ports
Setup I/O ports using hardware and software as
follows:
O.K.
Noise
Data bus
<Hardware>
• Connect a resistor of 100 Ω or more to an I/O
port in series.
Noise
Direction register
N.G.
Port latch
<Software>
• As for an input port, read data several times by
a program for checking whether input levels are
equal or not.
• As for an output port, since the output data may
reverse because of noise, rewrite data to its port
latch at fixed periods.
• Rewrite data to direction registers, and if necessary,
pull-up control registers and port P4P5 input control
register at fixed periods.
2-42
I/O port
pins
Figure 2.8.10 Setup For I/O Ports
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.8 Countermeasures against Noise
2.8.7 Providing of Watchdog Timer Function by
Software
If a microcomputer runs away because of noise or
others, it can be detected by a software watchdog
timer and the microcomputer can be reset to normal
operation. This is equal to or more effective than
program runaway detection by a hardware watchdog
timer. The following shows an example of a watchdog
timer provided by software.
In the following example, to reset a microcomputer
to normal operation, the main routine detects errors
of the interrupt service routine and the interrupt service
routine detects errors of the main routine.
This example assumes that interrupt processing is
repeated multiple times in a single main routine
processing.
<Main Routine>
• Assigns a single byte of RAM to a software
watchdog timer (SWDT) and writes the initial value
N in the SWDT once at each execution of the
main routine. The initial value N should satisfy
the following condition:
≠N
Main routine
Interrupt service routine
(SWDT)← N
(SWDT) ← (SWDT)—1
CLI
Interrupt processing
Main processing
(SWDT)
≤0?
(SWDT)
=N?
≤0
RTI
Return
=N
Interrupt service
routine errors
>0
Main routine
errors
Figure 2.8.11 Watchdog Timer by Software
N+1 ≥ (Counts of interrupt processing executed in each main routine)
As the main routine execution cycle may change because of an interrupt processing or others, the initial
value N should have a margin.
• Watches the operation of the interrupt service routine by comparing the SWDT contents with counts of
interrupt processing count after the initial value N has been set.
• Detects that the interrupt service routine has failed and determines to branch to the program initialization
routine for recovery processing in the following cases:
If the SWDT contents do not change after interrupt processing
<Interrupt Service Routine>
• Decrements the SWDT contents by 1 at each interrupt processing.
• Determines that the main routine operates normally when the SWDT contents are reset to the initial value
N at almost fixed cycles (at the fixed interrupt processing count).
• Detects that the main routine has failed and determines to branch to the program initialization routine
for recovery when the contents of the SWDT reach 0 or less by continuative decrement without initializing
to the initial value N.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-43
APPLICATIONS
2.9 Notes on Programming
2.9 Notes on Programming
2.9.1 Notes on Processor Status Register
Initialization of Processor Status Register
After system is released from reset, the
contents of processor status register (PS) are
undefined except for the I flag which is ‘1’.
Therefore, flags which affect program execution
must be initialized after system is released
from reset.
In particular, it is essential to initialize the T
and D flags because they have an important
effect on calculations.
How to Refer Processor Status Register
To refer the contents of the processor status
register (PS), execute the PHP instruction once
then read the contents of (S + 1). If necessary,
execute the PLP instruction to return the PS
to its original status.
The NOP instruction should be executed after
every PLP instruction.
Reset
Flags of processor status register
(PS) initializing
Main program
Figure 2.9.1 Initialization of Flags in PS
Stack area
S
S+1
Pushed PS
Figure 2.9.2 Stack Memory Contents after PHP
Instruction Execution
PLP instruction
NOP instruction
Figure 2.9.3 PLP Instruction Execution
2-44
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.9 Notes on Programming
2.9.2 Notes Concerning Decimal Operation
Execution of Decimal Calculations
The ADC and SBC are the only instructions
which will yield proper decimal results in
decimal mode. To calculate in decimal notation,
set the decimal mode flag (D) to ‘1’ with the
SED instruction. After executing the ADC or
SBC instruction, execute another instruction
before executing the SEC, CLC, SED or CLD
instruction.
Set D flag to ‘1’
ADC,SBC instruction
NOP instruction
SEC,CLC,CLD instruction
Figure 2.9.4 Execution of Decimal Operation
Note on Flags in Decimal Mode
When decimal mode is selected, the values of three of the flags in the status register (the N, V, and
Z flags) are invalid after the ADC or SBC instruction is executed.
The carry flag (C) is set to ‘1’ if a carry is generated as a result of the calculation, or is cleared to
‘0’ if a borrow is generated. To determine whether a calculation has generated a carry, the C flag
must be initialized to ‘1’ before each calculation.
2.9.3 Notes on JMP Instruction
When using the JMP instruction in indirect addressing mode, do not specify the last address on a page
as an indirect address.
Pages are sectioned every 256 addresses from address 0.
For other notes, refer to each section.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-45
APPLICATIONS
2.10 Differences between 7480 and 7481 Group, and 7477 and 7478 Group
2.10 Differences between 7480 and 7481 Group, and 7477 and 7478 Group
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group have almost the same functions as the 7477 Group and 7478 Group.
However, take the following differences into consideration when using the former to replace the latter.
2.10.1 Functions Added to 7480 Group and 7481 Group
Table 2.10.1 lists the functions added to the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Table 2.10.1 Functions added to the 7480 Group and 7481 Group
Added Function
Bus Arbitration
•
STP and WIT Instruction
•
Watchdog Timer
•
Built-in Clamping Diode
•
Description
In serial I/O communication of the bus-contention system, the
level of the TxD pin is compared with that of the RxD pin.
When there is a mismatch, a bus arbitration interrupt is generated
to detect bus collision.
The valid/invalid of the STP and WIT instructions is selectable
by writing 2 times to the STP instruction operation control register.
Watchdog timer returns program to the reset state if a runaway
occurs.
Each pin of ports P4 and P5 has a built-in clamping diode, by
which voltages V CC or more can be applied.
Note: In the 7480 Group, port P5 is not implemented.
2-46
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.10 Differences between 7480 and 7481 Group, and 7477 and 478 Group
2.10.2 Functions Revised from 7477 Group and 7478 Group
The functions of 7480 Group and 7481 Group whose specifications are revised from those of the 7477
Group and 7478 Group are listed in Table 2.10.2.
Table 2.10.2 Functions Revised from 7477 Group and 7478 Group
7477 Group and 7478 Group
RAM Sizes
7480 Group and 7481 Group
Port P4
M3747xM4 ..................................... 192 bytes M3748xM4 ........................................ 256 bytes
M3747xM8/E8 ............................... 384 bytes M3748xM8/E8 .................................. 448 bytes
• I/O port
• I/O port
Port P5
• CMOS outputs
• N-channel open-drain outputs
• I n i n p u t m o d e , p u l l - u p t r a n s i s t o r s • Built-in clamping diodes
connectable.
• In input mode, P40–P43, P50–P53 pins have
• Input port
schmidt circuits.
• Pull-up transistors connectable
Note: The 7480 Group does not have P4 2,
• P5 0 , P5 1 serve as input pins for clock
P4 3, and P5 0–P5 3 pins.
generator.
The 7480 Group and 7481 Group do
Note: The 7477 Group does not have port
not have the clock generator for timers.
P5.
CNTR Pins
Timer
CNTR0 and CNTR1 pins have the alternative CNTR0 and CNTR1 pins have the alternative
functions of P3 2 and P3 3 .
functions of P40 and P4 1.
Four 8-bit timers
Two 8-bit timers
Two 16-bit timers
Noise Margin
V IL: 0.25 VCC (Max.)
V IH: 0.7 VCC (Min.)
On port P3, P4, and P5 only.
VIL : 0.4 VCC (Max.)
VIH : 0.8 VCC (Min.)
(at V CC = 4.5 V to 5.5 V)
A-D Converter No V REF-off circuit
Package
To connect/not to connect between VREF and
ladder resistors is selectable with a VREF-off
circuit.
The M37478Mx/E8-XXXFP and M37478MxT/ The M37481Mx/E8-XXXFP and M37481MxT/
E8T-XXXFP packaged in 56P6N-A packages. E8T-XXXFP are packaged in 44P6N-A
packages.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-47
APPLICATIONS
2.11 Application Circuit Examples
2.11 Application Circuit Examples
Figures 2.11.1 and 2.11.2 show two examples of application circuits using the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
Igniter
Port
Frame detection
Port
Port
Thermistor 1
IN
Thermistor 2
IN
VR
IN
For adjust
E2PROM
Port
M37481M8T
Mode setting
Port
Port
Electromagnetic
valve 1
Port
Electromagnetic
valve 2
IN
P40/CNTR0
Port
P41/CNTR1
Port
PWM output
Feedback
PWM output
Feedback
Fan motor
Water volume
sensor
Remote controller 1
P14/RxD
P15/TxD
Driver
Remote controller 2
Remote controller 3
Figure 2.11.1 Application Circuit to Hot-Water Supply Equipment
2-48
Water heater
proportion
valve
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPLICATIONS
2.11 Application Circuit Examples
Key code
reception
amplifier
Period
measurement
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P31/INT1
Sensor input
Throttle open degree
M37481M8T
Crank input
P30/INT0
IN
Negative pressure sensor
Port
Ignition input
Port
Port
Port
Electron carburetor
E2PROM
Key input
Programmable
waveform
Engine control signal
output
Igniter
(For immobilizer)
Figure 2.11.2 Application Circuit to Motorcycle Single-Cylinder Engine
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2-49
APPLICATIONS
2.11 Application Circuit Examples
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2-50
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
CHAPTER 3
APPENDICES
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
Control Registers
Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
Mark Specification Forms
Package Outlines
Machine Instructions
List of Instruction Codes
SFR Memory Map
Pinouts
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
3.1 Control Registers
Port Pi (i=0 to 5)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port Pi (Pi, i=0 to 5) [Addresses 00C016,00C216,00C416,00C616,00C816,00CA16]
b
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Function
When used as input ports (Ports P0 to P5)
• At reading, input level of pin is read.
• At writing, writing to port latch is performed and
the pin state is not affected.
When used as output ports (Ports P0, P1, P4, P5)
• At reading, the last written value into the port latch is
read.
• At writing, the written value is output externally through
a transistor.
7
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
Undefined
O
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
Undefined
O
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
Note: • In the 7480 Group, port P2 has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented. (undefined at reading).
• Port P3 has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented (‘0’ at reading).
• In the 7480 Group, port P4 has only bits 0 and 1. In the 7481 Group, port P4 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented. (bits 4 to 7: ‘0’ at reading, bits 2 and 3 in the 7480 Group: undefined).
• The 7480 Group does not have port P5. In the 7481 Group, port P5 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented. (‘0’ at reading).
Figure 3.1.1 Port Pi Registers (i = 0 to 5)
Port Pi direction register (i=0,1,4,5)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port Pi direction register (PiD, i=0,1,4,5) [Addresses 00C116,00C316,00C916,00CB16]
At reset
R
W
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
1
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
2
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
3
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
4
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
5
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
6
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
7
0 : Input mode
1 : Output mode
0
O
O
b
0
Name
Port Pi direction register (Note)
Function
Note: • In the 7480 Group, port P4 direction register has only bits 0 and 1. In the 7481 Group, port P4 direction register
has only bits 0 to 3. The other bits are not implemented (bits 4 to 7: ‘0’ at reading, bits 2 and 3 in the 7480 Group:
undefined).
• The 7480 Group does not have port P5 direction register. In the 7481 Group, port P5 has only bits 0 to 3.
The other bits are not implemented (‘0’ at reading).
Figure 3.1.2 Port Pi Direction Registers (i = 0, 1, 4, 5)
3-2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Port P0 pull-up control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON) [Address 00D016]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
P00 pull-up control bit
0 : P00 No pull-up
1 : P00 Pull-up
0
O
O
1
P01 pull-up control bit
0 : P01 No pull-up
1 : P01 Pull-up
0
O
O
2
P02 pull-up control bit
0 : P02 No pull-up
1 : P02 Pull-up
0
O
O
3
P03 pull-up control bit
0 : P03 No pull-up
1 : P03 Pull-up
0
O
O
4
P04 pull-up control bit
0 : P04 No pull-up
1 : P04 Pull-up
0
O
O
5
P05 pull-up control bit
0 : P05 No pull-up
1 : P05 Pull-up
0
O
O
6
P06 pull-up control bit
0 : P06 No pull-up
1 : P06 Pull-up
0
O
O
7
P07 pull-up control bit
0 : P07 No pull-up
1 : P07 Pull-up
0
O
O
Note: Pull-up control is valid when the corresponding port is set to the input mode.
Figure 3.1.3 Port P0 Pull-up Control Register
Port P1 pull-up control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON) [Address 00D116]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
P13–P10 pull-up
control bit
0 : P10–P13 No pull-up
1 : P10–P13 Pull-up
0
O
O
1
P17–P14 pull-up
control bit
0 : P14–P17 No pull-up
1 : P14–P17 Pull-up
0
O
O
2
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
×
×
4
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
6
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
Undefined
Undefined
3
×
×
×
Note: Pull-up control is valid only when the corresponding port is set to the input mode.
When port pins P15–P17 are used as serial I/O pins, pull-up control of
the corresponding port pins is invalid.
Figure 3.1.4 Port P1 Pull-up Control Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-3
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Port P4P5 input control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON) [Address 00D216]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
O
0
P42, P43 input control bit
When the P42, P43 are used as
the input port, set this bit to ‘1’.
0
O
1
P5 input control bit
When the P5 is used as the input
port, set this bit to ‘1’.
0
O
O
2
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
0
0
×
0
6
0
0
×
×
7
0
0
×
3
4
5
Note: 7480 Group does not have port pins P42, P43 and P5, so set bits 0 and 1 to ‘0’.
Figure 3.1.5 Port P4P5 Input Control Register
3-4
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Edge polarity selection register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Edge polarity selection register (EG) [Address 00D416]
b
Function
Name
At reset
R
W
O
O
0
INT0 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0
1
INT1 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
2
CNTR0 edge
selection bit
0
O
O
3
CNTR1 edge
selection bit
0 : Falling edge
1 : Rising edge
0: In event count mode, rising edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at HIGH level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from falling edge until falling edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
HIGH-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot HIGH pulse generated after
operation started at LOW level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
falling edge.
1: In event count mode, falling edge counted.
: In pulse output mode, operation started
at LOW level output.
: In pulse period measurement mode, a period
from rising edge until rising edge measured.
: In pulse width measurement mode,
LOW-level period measured.
: In programmable one-shot output mode,
one-shot LOW pulse generated after
operation started at HIGH level output.
: Interrupt request is generated by detecting
rising edge.
0
O
O
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
0 : P31/INT1
INT1 source
selection bit at 1 : P00–P07 LOW level
(for key-on wake-up)
STP or WIT
0
O
O
6
Not implemented. Writing to these bits are disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
7
×
×
Note: When setting bits 0 to 3, the interrupt request bit may be set to ‘1’.
After setting the following, enable the interrupt.
➀ Disable interrupts
➁ Set the edge polarity selection register
➂ Set the interrupt request bit to ‘0’
Figure 3.1.6 Edge Polarity Selection Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-5
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
A-D control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
A-D control register (ADCON) [Address 00D916]
b
0
Name
Function
Analog input pin selection bits
1
2
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 : P20/IN0
0 0 1 : P21/IN1
0 1 0 : P22/IN2
0 1 1 : P23/IN3
1 0 0 : P24/IN4
1 0 1 : P25/IN5
1 1 0 : P26/IN6
1 1 1 : P27/IN7
At reset
R
W
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
(Note)
3
A-D conversion completion bit
0 : Conversion in progress
1 : Conversion completed
1
O
∗
4
VREF connection selection bit
0 : Disconnect between VREF pin and
ladder resistor
1 : Connect between VREF pin and
ladder resistor
0
O
O
5
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
At reset
R
Undefined
6
7
×
×
×
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Note: Do not perform setting in the 7480 Group.
Figure 3.1.7 A-D Control Register
A-D conversion register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
A-D conversion register (AD) [Address 00DA16]
b
0
Function
Read-only register to store the A-D conversion result.
1
2
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
3
Undefined
O
4
5
Undefined
O
Undefined
O
6
Undefined
7
Undefined
O
O
Figure 3.1.8 A-D Conversion Register
3-6
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
W
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
STP instruction operation control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON) [Address 00DE16]
b
Function
Name
0
STP and WIT valid/invalid
selection bit (Note)
1
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
2
3
0 : STP/WIT instruction valid
1 : STP/WIT instruction invalid
At reset
R
W
1
O
O
0
0
0
0
×
×
0
0
×
4
0
5
6
0
0
0
×
×
0
×
0
×
7
0
0
Note: The STP and WIT instructions are invalid after the system is released from reset. When
using these instructions, set STP and WIT valid/invalid selection bit of the STP instruction
operation control register to ‘1’, then set this bit to ‘0’. (Writing twice successively)
When not using the STP and WIT instructions, set this bit to ‘1’ either once or twice.
Figure 3.1.9 STP Instruction Operation Control Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-7
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Transmit/Receive buffer register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) [Address 00E016]
b
Function
At reset
0
In transmission:
Transmit data is transferred to the transmit shift register
by writing transmit data.
Undefined
In reception:
When data is stored completely in the receive shift
register, the receive data is transferred to this register.
Undefined
1
2
3
4
R
W
Undefined
Undefined
Note
Undefined
5
6
Undefined
7
Undefined
Undefined
Note: In transmission, this register is a write-only register.
In reception, this register is a read-only register.
Figure 3.1.10 Transmit/Receive Buffer Register
Serial I/O status register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1
Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS) [Address 00E116]
b
Name
Function
R
W
0
Transmit buffer empty flag
(TBE)
0 : Buffer full
1 : Buffer empty
0
O
×
1
Receive buffer full flag
(RBF)
0 : Buffer empty
1 : Buffer full
0
O
×
2
Transmit shift completion
flag (TSC)
0 : Transmit shift in progress
1 : Transmit shift completed
0
O
×
3
Overrun error flag
(OE)
0 : No error
1 : Overrun error
0
O
×
4
Parity error flag
(PE)
0 : No error
1 : Parity error
0
O
×
Framing error flag
(FE)
0 : No error
1 : Framing error
0
O
×
6
Summing error flag
(SE)
0 : OE U PE U FE=0
1 : OE U PE U FE=1
0
O
×
7
This bit is fixed to ‘1’.
1
1
×
5
Note: b4 and b5 are valid only in UART
Figure 3.1.11 Serial I/O Status Register
3-8
At reset
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Serial I/O control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON) [Address 00E216]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
BRG count source
selection bit (CSS)
0 : f(XIN)/4
1 : f(XIN)/16
0
O
O
1
Serial I/O synchronous
clock selection bit (SCS)
when clock synchronous serial I/O is selected
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
0 : BRG output/4
1 : External clock input
when UART is selected
0 : BRG output/16
1 : External clock input/16
2
SRDY output enable bit
(SRDY)
0 : P17 pin
1 : SRDY output pin
3
Transmit interrupt source
selection bit (TIC)
0 : Interrupt occurs when transmit
4
Transmit enable bit
(TE)
0 : Transmit disabled
1 : Transmit enabled
0
O
O
5
Receive enable bit
(RE)
0 : Receive disabled
1 : Receive enabled
0
O
O
6
Serial I/O mode selection bit
(SIOM)
0 : Asynchronous serial I/O (UART)
1 : Clock synchronous serial I/O
0
O
O
7
Serial I/O enable bit
(SIOE)
0 : Serial I/O disabled
1 : Serial I/O enabled
0
O
O
At reset
R
W
O
buffer is empty.
1 : Interrupt occurs when transmit shift
operation is completed.
Figure 3.1.12 Serial I/O Control Register
UART control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
1 1 1 1
UART control register (UARTCON) [Address 00E316]
b
Name
Function
0
Character length selection bit
(CHAS)
0 : 8 bits
1 : 7 bits
0
O
1
Parity enable bit
(PARE)
0 : Parity disabled
1 : Parity enabled
0
O
O
2
Parity selection bit
(PARS)
0 : Even parity
1 : Odd parity
0
O
O
3
Stop bit length selection bit
(STPS)
0 : 1 stop bit
1 : 2 stop bits
0
O
O
4
These bits are fixed to ‘1’.
1
1
5
1
1
6
7
1
1
1
1
×
×
×
×
Figure 3.1.13 UART Control Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-9
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Baud rate generator
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Baud rate generator (BRG) [Address 00E416]
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
O
O
Undefined
Undefined
O
3
4
Undefined
O
O
O
Undefined
O
O
5
Undefined
O
O
6
7
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
At reset
R
W
0
O
O
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
7
0
0
Function
b
0
1
2
• 8-bit timer for baud rate generation of serial I/O.
• Valid only when BRG output divided by 4 or 16 is selected
as synchronous clock.
O
Figure 3.1.14 Baud Rate Generator
Bus collision detection control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON) [Address 00E516]
b
Name
Function
0 : Collision detection invalid
1 : Collision detection valid
0
Bus collision detection enable bit
1
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
2
3
Figure 3.1.15 Bus Collision Detection Control Register
3-10
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
0
0
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Watchdog timer H
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Watchdog timer H (WDTH) [Address 00EF16]
At reset
R
1
1
O
2
1
3
4
1
1
O
O
5
1
1
O
O
1
O
b
0
1
Function
The high-order count value of watchdog timer is indicated.
6
7
W
O
O
Note
Note: The following value is set by writing arbitrary data.
• watchdog timer L ← ‘7F16’
• watchdog timer H ← ‘FF16’
Figure 3.1.16 Watchdog Timer H
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-11
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Timer X (Timer X latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X (high-order) (TXH) [Address 00F116]
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X (low-order) (TXL) [Address 00F016]
b
Function
At reset
R
0
The low-order count value of
timer X is indicated.
1
O
1
O
O
1
2
3
1
1
4
1
5
6
1
1
7
1
O
Note 1
O
O
O
O
b
Function
At reset
R
0
The high-order count value of
timer X is indicated.
1
O
1
O
O
1
W
2
3
1
1
4
5
1
O
O
6
1
1
O
O
7
1
O
W
Note 1
Notes 1: Do not write to these bits in pulse period measurement mode or pulse width measurement mode.
2: When b3 of timer X mode register is ‘0’, writing to latch and timer is simultaneously
performed. When b3 is ‘1’, writing to only latch is performed.
3: When reading/writing from/to timer X, read/write from/to both high-order and low-order
bytes. At reading, read the high-order byte and the low-order byte in this order.
At writing, write the low-order byte and the high-order byte in this order.
Figure 3.1.17 Timer X
3-12
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Timer Y (Timer Y latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y (high-order) (TYH) [Address 00F316]
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y (low-order) (TYL) [Address 00F216]
b
Function
At reset
R
0
1
The low-order count value of
timer Y is indicated.
1
1
O
O
O
2
1
3
4
1
1
5
1
O
O
6
7
1
1
O
O
Function
b
0
1
The high-order count value of
timer Y is indicated.
W
O
At reset
R
1
1
O
2
1
O
O
3
4
1
1
O
O
5
1
O
6
7
1
1
O
O
Note 1
W
Note 1
Notes 1: Do not write to these bits in pulse period measurement mode or pulse width measurement mode.
2: When b3 of timer Y mode register is ‘0’, writing to latch and timer is simultaneously
performed. When b3 is ‘1’, writing to only latch is performed.
3: When reading/writing from/to timer Y, read/write from/to both high-order and low-order bytes.
At reading, read the high-order byte and the low-order byte in this order.
At writing, write the low-order byte and the high-order byte in this order.
Figure 3.1.18 Timer Y
Timer 1 (Timer 1 latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer1 (T1) [Address 00F416]
b
0
1
Function
The timer 1 count value is indicated.
2
3
4
5
6
7
At reset
R
W
1
1
O
O
O
O
1
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
1
1
1
1
1
Figure 3.1.19 Timer 1
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-13
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Timer 2 (Timer 2 latch)
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer 2 (T2) [Address 00F516]
Function
At reset
R
W
Undefined
O
O
1
2
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
3
Undefined
O
O
O
O
4
Undefined
5
Undefined
O
O
O
O
6
7
Undefined
O
O
Undefined
O
O
At reset
R
W
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
b
0
The timer 2 count value is indicated.
Figure 3.1.20 Timer 2
Timer X mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer X mode register (TXM) [Address 00F616]
b
0
Name
Timer X operating mode bits
1
2
Function
b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 : Timer • event count mode
0 0 1 : Pulse output mode
0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode
0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode
1 0 0 : Programmable waveform
generation mode
1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot output
mode
1 1 0 : PWM mode
1 1 1 : Not available
3
Timer X write control bit
0 : Writing to both latch and timer
1 : Writing to latch only
0
O
O
4
Output level latch
0 : LOW output from CNTR0 pin
1 : HIGH output from CNTR0 pin
0
O
O
5
Timer X trigger selection bit
0 : Timer X free run in programmable
waveform generation mode
1 : Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT0
pin) and timer X start in programmable
waveform generation mode
0
O
O
6
Timer X count source
selection bits
b7 b6
0
O
O
0
O
O
7
0 0 : f(XIN)/2
0 1 : f(XIN)/8
1 0 : f(XIN)/16
1 1 : Input from CNTR0 pin
Figure 3.1.21 Timer X Mode Register
3-14
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Timer Y mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Timer Y mode register (TYM) [Address 00F716]
b
Function
At reset
R
W
0 0 0 : Timer • event count mode
0 0 1 : Pulse output mode
0 1 0 : Pulse period measurement mode
0 1 1 : Pulse width measurement mode
1 0 0 : Programmable waveform
generation mode
1 0 1 : Programmable one-shot
output mode
1 1 0 : PWM mode
1 1 1 : Not available
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
Name
b2 b1 b0
0
Timer Y operating mode bits
1
2
3
Timer Y write control bit 0 : Writing to both latch and timer
1 : Writing to latch only
4
Output level latch
0 : LOW output from CNTR1 pin
1 : HIGH output from CNTR1 pin
0
O
O
5
Timer Y trigger selection bit
0 : Timer Y free run in programmable
waveform generation mode
1 : Trigger occurrence (input signal of INT1
pin) and timer Y start in programmable
waveform generation mode
0
O
O
6
Timer Y count source
selection bits
b7 b6
0
O
O
0
O
O
At reset
R
W
O
O
O
7
0 0 : f(XIN)/2
0 1 : f(XIN)/8
1 0 : f(XIN)/16
1 1 : Input from CNTR1 pin
Figure 3.1.22 Timer Y Mode Register
Timer XY control register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Timer XY control register (TXYCON) [Address 00F816]
b
Name
Function
0
Timer X stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
1
1
Timer Y stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
1
O
2
3
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
×
×
×
×
×
×
Figure 3.1.23 Timer XY Control Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-15
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Timer 1 mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0 0
Timer 1 mode register (T1M) [Address 00F916]
b
At reset
R
W
0
Timer 1 stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
0
O
O
1
Timer 1 operation
mode bit
0 : Timer mode
1 : Programmable waveform generation mode
0
O
O
2
Not implemented. Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
×
×
4
Output level latch
0
0
O
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
×
6
Timer 1 count source
selection bits
0
O
O
0
O
O
3
Name
7
Function
0 : LOW output from T0 pin
1 : HIGH output from T0 pin
b7 b6
0 0 : f(XIN)/8
0 1 : f(XIN)/64
1 0 : f(XIN)/128
1 1 : f(XIN)/256
O
Figure 3.1.24 Timer 1 Mode Register
Timer 2 mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0
0 0
Timer 2 mode register (T2M) [Address 00FA16]
At reset
R
W
0
Timer 2 stop control bit
0 : Count operation
1 : Count stop
0
O
O
1
Timer 2 operation
mode bit
0 : Timer mode
1 : Programmable waveform generation mode
0
O
O
2
3
Not implemented. Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
0
0
×
×
4
Output level latch
0
O
O
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is ‘0’ at reading.
0
0
×
6
Timer 2 count source
selection bits
0
O
O
0
O
O
b
Name
7
Function
0 : LOW output from T1 pin
1 : HIGH output from T1 pin
b7 b6
0 0 : f(XIN)/8
0 1 : f(XIN)/64
1 0 : f(XIN)/128
1 1 : f(XIN)/256
Figure 3.1.25 Timer 2 Mode Register
3-16
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
CPU mode register
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0
CPU mode register (CPUM) [Address 00FB16]
b
0
Name
Function
Fix these bits to ‘0’.
1
At reset
R
W
0
O
0
0
0
O
0
O
O
0
O
O
2
Stack page selection bit
(Note)
0 : Zero page
1 : 1 page
3
Watchdog timer L count
source selection bit
0 : f(XIN)/8
1 : f(XIN)/16
4
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
5
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
6
Clock division
ratio selection bit
0
O
O
7
Not implemented. Writing to this bit is disabled.
This bit is undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
×
0 : f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode)
1 : f(XIN)/8 (medium-speed mode)
Note: In the products whose RAM size is 192 bytes or less, set this bit to ‘0’.
Figure 3.1.26 CPU Mode Register
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-17
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Interrupt request register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) [Address 00FC16]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
0
Timer X interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
1
Timer Y interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
2
Timer 1 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
3
Timer 2 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
4
Serial I/O receive
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
5
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
6
Bus arbitration interrupt
request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
7
A-D conversion completion
interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
At reset
R
W
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Figure 3.1.27 Interrupt Request Register 1
Interrupt request register 2
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) [Address 00FD16]
b
Name
0
INT0 interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
1
INT1 interrupt request bit
0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
2
CNTR0 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
3
CNTR1 interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request
1 : Interrupt request
0
O
∗
4
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits is disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
5
6
Function
7
∗: The bit can be set to ‘0’ by software, but cannot be set to ‘1’.
Figure 3.1.28 Interrupt Request Register 2
3-18
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
×
×
×
×
APPENDICES
3.1 Control Registers
Interrupt control register 1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) [Address 00FE16]
b
Name
Function
At reset
R
W
O
0
Timer X interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
1
Timer Y interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
2
Timer 1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
3
Timer 2 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
4
Serial I/O receive
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
5
Serial I/O transmit
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
6
Bus arbitration interrupt
enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
7
A-D conversion completion
interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
Figure 3.1.29 Interrupt Control Register 1
Interrupt control register 2
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) [Address 00FF16]
b
Name
At reset
R
W
0
INT0 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
1
INT1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
2
CNTR0 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
3
CNTR1 interrupt enable bit
0 : Interrupt disabled
1 : Interrupt enabled
0
O
O
4
Not implemented.
Writing to these bits are disabled.
These bits are undefined at reading.
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
5
Function
6
7
×
×
×
×
Figure 3.1.30 Interrupt Control Register 2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-19
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-84B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M2T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480M2T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480M2T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M2T–’
2FFF16
300016
000F16
001016
6FFF16
700016
ROM (4K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M2T-’
EFFF16
F00016
ROM (4K)
7FFF16
ROM (4K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480M2T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480M2T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-20
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M2T–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘M’ = 4D16
‘2’ = 3216
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-84B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M2T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27128
✽=
.BYTE
$C000
‘M37480M2T–’
27256
✽= $8000
.BYTE
‘M37480M2T–’
27512
✽= $0000
.BYTE
‘M37480M2T–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (32P4B for M37480M2T-XXXSP, 32P2W-A for M37480M2T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-21
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-85B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M4-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480M4-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480M4-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4–’
1FFF16
200016
000F16
001016
5FFF16
600016
ROM (8K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4-’
DFFF16
E00016
ROM (8K)
7FFF16
ROM (8K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480M4–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480M4–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-22
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘M’ = 4D16
‘4’ = 3416
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-85B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M4-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
27128
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $C000
.BYTE ‘M37480M4–’
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37480M4–’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37480M4–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (32P4B for M37480M4-XXXSP, 32P2W-A for M37480M4-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-23
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-86B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M4T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480M4T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480M4T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4T–’
1FFF16
200016
000F16
001016
5FFF16
600016
ROM (8K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4T-’
DFFF16
E00016
ROM (8K)
7FFF16
ROM (8K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480M4T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480M4T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-24
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M4T–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘M’ = 4D16
‘4’ = 3416
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-86B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M4T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27128
✽=
.BYTE
$C000
‘M37480M4T–’
27256
✽=
.BYTE
$8000
‘M37480M4T–’
27512
✽=
.BYTE
$0000
‘M37480M4T–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (32P4B for M37480M4T-XXXSP, 32P2W-A for M37480M4T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-25
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-87B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480M8-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480M8-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M8–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M8–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480M8–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480M8–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-26
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘M’ = 4D16
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-87B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37480M8-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37480M8-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (32P4B for M37480M8-XXXSP, 32P2W-A for M37480M8-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-27
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-88B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480M8T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480M8T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M8T–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480M8T–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480M8T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480M8T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-28
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘M’ = 4D16
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-88B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480M8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27256
✽=
.BYTE
$8000
‘M37480M8T-’
27512
✽=
.BYTE
$0000
‘M37480M8T-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (32P4B for M37480M8T-XXXSP, 32P2W-A for M37480M8T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-29
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-78B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M2T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481M2T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481M2T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M2T–’
2FFF16
300016
000F16
001016
6FFF16
700016
ROM (4K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M2T-’
EFFF16
F00016
ROM (4K)
7FFF16
ROM (4K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481M2T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481M2T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-30
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M2T–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘M’ = 4D16
‘2’ = 3216
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-78B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M2T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27128
✽=
.BYTE
$C000
‘M37481M2T–’
27256
✽=
.BYTE
$8000
‘M37481M2T–’
27512
✽=
.BYTE
$0000
‘M37481M2T–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (42P4B for M37481M2T-XXXSP, 44P6N-A for M37481M2T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-31
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-79B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M4-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481M4-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481M4-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4–’
1FFF16
200016
000F16
001016
5FFF16
600016
ROM (8K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4-’
DFFF16
E00016
ROM (8K)
7FFF16
ROM (8K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481M4–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481M4–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-32
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘M’ = 4D16
‘4’ = 3416
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-79B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M4-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
27128
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $C000
.BYTE ‘M37481M4–’
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37481M4–’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37481M4–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (42P4B for M37481M4-XXXSP, 44P6N-A for M37481M4-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-33
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-80B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M4T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
)
Date:
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481M4T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481M4T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27128
27256
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4T–’
1FFF16
200016
000F16
001016
5FFF16
600016
ROM (8K)
3FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4T-’
DFFF16
E00016
ROM (8K)
7FFF16
ROM (8K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481M4T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481M4T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-34
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M4T–’
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘M’ = 4D16
‘4’ = 3416
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
Mask ROM number
GZZ-SH09-80B<56A0>
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M4T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the start address of the assembler source program.
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27128
✽=
.BYTE
$C000
‘M37481M4T–’
27256
✽=
.BYTE
$8000
‘M37481M4T–’
27512
✽=
.BYTE
$0000
‘M37481M4T–’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (42P4B for M37481M4T-XXXSP, 44P6N-A for M37481M4T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-35
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-81B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481M8-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481M8-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M8–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M8–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481M8–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481M8–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-36
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘M’ = 4D16
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-81B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37481M8-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37481M8-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (42P4B for M37481M8-XXXSP, 44P6N-A for M37481M8-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-37
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-82B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce masks based on this data. We
shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the mask ROM data on the products we produce differs from this data.
Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481M8T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481M8T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M8T–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481M8T–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481M8T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481M8T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-38
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘M’ = 4D16
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.2 Mask ROM Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-82B<56A0>
Mask ROM number
740 FAMILY MASK ROM CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481M8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37481M8T-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37481M8T-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the mask confirmation, the ROM processing
is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered fill out the appropriate mark
specification form (42P4B for M37481M8T-XXXSP, 44P6N-A for M37481M8T-XXXFP) and attach to the mask ROM
confirmation form.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-39
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-91B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480E8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce ROM programming based on
this data. We shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the ROM data on the products we produce differs from this
data. Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480E8-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480E8-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480E8–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480E8–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480E8–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480E8–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-40
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘E’ = 4516
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-91B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480E8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37480E8-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37480E8-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the ROM programming confirmation form,
the ROM processing is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered. Please submit the shrink DIP
package Mark Specification Form (only for built-in One Time PROM microcomputer) for the M37480E8-XXXSP or the
32P2W-A Mark Specification Form for the M37480E8-XXXFP.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-41
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-92B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480E8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce ROM programming based on
this data. We shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the ROM data on the products we produce differs from this
data. Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37480E8T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37480E8T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480E8T–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37480E8T–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37480E8T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37480E8T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-42
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘0’ = 3016
‘E’ = 4516
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-92B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37480E8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
The pseudo-command
27256
✽=
.BYTE
$8000
‘M37480E8T-’
27512
✽=
.BYTE
$0000
‘M37480E8T-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the ROM programming confirmation form,
the ROM processing is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered. Please submit the shrink DIP
package Mark Specification Form (only for built-in One Time PROM microcomputer) for the M37480E8T-XXXSP or the
32P2W-A Mark Specification Form for the M37480E8T-XXXFP.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-43
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-89B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481E8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce ROM programming based on
this data. We shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the ROM data on the products we produce differs from this
data. Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481E8-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481E8-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481E8–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481E8–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481E8–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481E8–’ are listed on the right. The
addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-44
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘E’ = 4516
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-89B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481E8-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37481E8-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37481E8-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the ROM programming confirmation form,
the ROM processing is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered. Please submit the shrink DIP
package Mark Specification Form (only for built-in One Time PROM microcomputer) for the M37481E8-XXXSP or the
44P6N-A Mark Specification Form for the M37481E8-XXXFP.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-45
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-90B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
Receipt
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481E8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Date:
Section head Supervisor
signature
signature
❈ Customer
TEL
(
Company
name
Date
issued
Date:
)
Issuance
signature
Note : Please fill in all items marked ❈.
Submitted by
Supervisor
❈ 1. Confirmation
Specify the name of the product being ordered and the type of EPROMs submitted.
Three EPROMs are required for each pattern (Check @ in the appropriate box).
If at least two of the three sets of EPROMs submitted contain identical data, we will produce ROM programming based on
this data. We shall assume the responsibility for errors only if the ROM data on the products we produce differs from this
data. Thus, extreme care must be taken to verify the data in the submitted EPROMs.
M37481E8T-XXXSP
Microcomputer name :
M37481E8T-XXXFP
(hexadecimal notation)
Checksum code for entire EPROM
EPROM type (indicate the type used)
27256
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481E8T–’
3FFF16
400016
27512
EPROM address
000016 Area for ASCII
000F16
001016
BFFF16
C00016
ROM (16K)
7FFF16
codes of the name
of the product
‘M37481E8T–’
ROM (16K)
FFFF16
(1) Set “FF16” in the shaded area.
(2) Write the ASCII codes that indicates the name of the
product ‘M37481E8T–’ to addresses 000016 to 000F16.
ASCII codes ‘M37481E8T–’ are listed on the right.
The addresses and data are in hexadecimal notation.
3-46
Address
000016
000116
000216
000316
000416
000516
000616
000716
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
‘M’ = 4D16
‘3’ = 3316
‘7’ = 3716
‘4’ = 3416
‘8’ = 3816
‘1’ = 3116
‘E’ = 4516
‘8’ = 3816
Address
000816
000916
000A16
000B16
000C16
000D16
000E16
000F16
‘ T ’ = 5416
‘ – ’ = 2D16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
FF16
APPENDICES
3.3 ROM Programming Confirmation Forms
GZZ-SH09-90B<56A0>
ROM number
740 FAMILY ROM PROGRAMMING CONFIRMATION FORM
SINGLE-CHIP MICROCOMPUTER M37481E8T-XXXSP/FP
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC
Recommend to writing the following pseudo-command to the assembler source file :
EPROM type
27256
27512
The pseudo-command
✽= $8000
.BYTE ‘M37481E8T-’
✽= $0000
.BYTE ‘M37481E8T-’
Note : If the name of the product written to the EPROMs does not match the name of the ROM programming confirmation form,
the ROM processing is disabled. Write the data correctly.
❈ 2. Mark specification
Mark specification must be submitted using the correct form for the package being ordered. Please submit the shrink DIP
package Mark Specification Form (only for built-in One Time PROM microcomputer) for the M37481E8T-XXXSP or the
44P6N-A Mark Specification Form for the M37481E8T-XXXFP.
❈ 3. Comments
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-47
APPENDICES
3.4 Mark Specification Forms
3.4 Mark Specification Forms
32P4B (32-PIN SHRINK DIP) MARK SPECIFICATION FORM
3-48
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.4 Mark Specification Forms
32P2W (32-PIN SOP) MARK SPECIFICATION FORM
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-49
APPENDICES
3.4 Mark Specification Forms
42P4B (42-PIN SHRINK DIP) MARK SPECIFICATION FORM
3-50
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.4 Mark Specification Forms
44P6N (44-PIN QFP) MARK SPECIFICATION FORM
Mitsubishi IC catalog name
Please choose one of the marking types below (A, B, C), and enter the Mitsubishi IC catalog name and the special
mark (if needed).
A. Standard Mitsubishi Mark
#3
@3
#4
@2
Mitsubishi lot
number (6-digit)
$4
Mitsubishi IC catalog name
!2
q
!1
B. Customer’s Parts Number + Mitsubishi Catalog Name
#3
@3
#4
@2
Customer’s parts number
Note : The fonts and size of characters are standard
Mitsubishi type.
Mitsubishi IC catalog name and Mitsubishi lot number
$4
!2
q
Note4 : If the Mitsubishi logo
is not required, check
the box below.
Mitsubishi logo is not required.
!1
Note1 : The mark field should be written right aligned.
2 : The fonts and size of characters are standard
Mitsubishi type.
3 : Customer’s parts number can be up to 7 characters :
Only 0 ~ 9, A ~ Z,+,–, ⁄ , (, ), &, ©, • (period), and
(comma) are usable.
,
C. Special Mark Required
#3
@3
#4
@2
$4
!2
q
Note1 : If the special mark is to be printed, indicate the
desired layout of the mark in the left figure. The
layout will be duplicated as close as possible.
Mitsubishi lot number (6-digit ) and mask ROM
number (3-digit) are always marked.
2 : If the customer’s trade mark logo must be used
in the special mark, check the box below.
Please submit a clean original of the logo.
For the new special character fonts a clean font
original (ideally logo drawing) must be submitted.
Special logo required
!1
3 : The standard Mitsubishi font is used for all characters except for a logo.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-51
APPENDICES
3.5 Package Outlines
3.5 Package Outlines
32P2W–A
32P4B
3-52
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.5 Package Outlines
42P4B
44P6N–A
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-53
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
3.6 Machine instructions
Addressing mode
Symbol
Function
Details
IMP
OP n
ADC
(Note 1)
(Note 5)
When T = 0
A←A+M+C
When T = 1
M(X) ← M(X) + M + C
AND
(Note 1)
When TV= 0
A←A M
When T = 1 V
M(X) ← M(X) M
7
ASL
C←
0
←0
IMM
# OP n
A
# OP n
BIT, A
# OP n
ZP
# OP n
BIT, ZP
# OP n
Adds the carry, accumulator and memory contents. The results are entered into the
accumulator.
Adds the contents of the memory in the address indicated by index register X, the
contents of the memory specified by the addressing mode and the carry. The results are
entered into the memory at the address indicated by index register X.
69 2
2
65 3
2
“AND’s” the accumulator and memory contents.
The results are entered into the accumulator.
“AND’s” the contents of the memory of the address indicated by index register X and the
contents of the memory specified by the addressing mode. The results are entered into
the memory at the address indicated by index
register X.
29 2
2
25 3
2
06 5
2
0A 2
Shifts the contents of accumulator or contents
of memory one bit to the left. The low order bit
of the accumulator or memory is cleared and
the high order bit is shifted into the carry flag.
1
#
BBC
(Note 4)
Ab or Mb = 0?
Branches when the contents of the bit specified in the accumulator or memory is “0”.
13 4
+
20i
2
17 5
+
20i
3
BBS
(Note 4)
Ab or Mb = 1?
Branches when the contents of the bit specified in the accumulator or memory is “1”.
03 4
+
20i
2
07 5
+
20i
3
BCC
(Note 4)
C = 0?
Branches when the contents of carry flag is
“0”.
BCS
(Note 4)
C = 1?
Branches when the contents of carry flag is
“1”.
BEQ
(Note 4)
Z = 1?
Branches when the contents of zero flag is “1”.
BIT
A
BMI
(Note 4)
N = 1?
Branches when the contents of negative flag is
“1”.
BNE
(Note 4)
Z = 0?
Branches when the contents of zero flag is “0”.
BPL
(Note 4)
N = 0?
Branches when the contents of negative flag is
“0”.
BRA
PC ← PC ± offset
Jumps to address specified by adding offset to
the program counter.
BRK
B←1
M(S) ← PCH
S←S–1
M(S) ← PCL
S←S–1
M(S) ← PS
S←S–1
PCL ← ADL
PCH ← ADH
Executes a software interrupt.
3-54
V
M
24 3
“AND’s” the contents of accumulator and
memory. The results are not entered anywhere.
00 7
1
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
ZP, X
ZP, Y
OP n
# OP n
75 4
ABS
ABS, X
ABS, Y
IND
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
2
6D 4
3 7D 5
3 79 5
35 4
2
2D 4
3 3D 5
3 39 5
16 6
2
0E 6
3 1E 7
3
2C 4
Processor status register
ZP, IND
# OP n
IND, X
IND, Y
REL
SP
# OP n
#
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
N
V
T
B
D
I
Z
C
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
3
61 6
2 71 6
2
N
V
•
•
•
•
Z
C
3
21 6
2 31 6
2
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
90 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
B0 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
F0 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
M7 M6 •
•
•
•
Z
•
3
30 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
D0 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
10 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
80 4
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
•
1
•
•
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-55
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
Symbol
Function
Details
IMP
OP n
IMM
# OP n
BVC
(Note 4)
V = 0?
Branches when the contents of overflow flag is
“0”.
BVS
(Note 4)
V = 1?
Branches when the contents of overflow flag is
“1”.
CLB
Ab or Mb ← 0
Clears the contents of the bit specified in the
accumulator or memory to “0”.
CLC
C←0
Clears the contents of the carry flag to “0”.
18 2
1
CLD
D←0
Clears the contents of decimal mode flag to
“0”.
D8 2
1
CLI
I←0
Clears the contents of interrupt disable flag to
“0”.
58 2
1
CLT
T←0
Clears the contents of index X mode flag to
“0”.
12 2
1
CLV
V←0
Clears the contents of overflow flag to “0”.
B8 2
1
CMP
(Note 3)
When T = 0
A–M
When T = 1
M(X) – M
Compares the contents of accumulator and
memory.
Compares the contents of the memory specified by the addressing mode with the contents
of the address indicated by index register X.
COM
M←M
Forms a one’s complement of the contents of
memory, and stores it into memory.
CPX
X–M
Compares the contents of index register X and
memory.
E0 2
CPY
Y–M
Compares the contents of index register Y and
memory.
C0 2
DEC
A ← A – 1 or
M←M–1
Decrements the contents of the accumulator
or memory by 1.
DEX
X←X–1
Decrements the contents of index register X CA 2
by 1.
1
DEY
Y←Y–1
Decrements the contents of index register Y
by 1.
1
DIV
A ← (M(zz + X + 1),
M(zz + X)) / A
M(S) ← 1’s complememt
of Remainder
S←S–1
Divides the 16-bit data that is the contents of
M (zz + x + 1) for high byte and the contents of
M (zz + x) for low byte by the accumulator.
Stores the quotient in the accumulator and the
1’s complement of the remainder on the stack.
EOR
(Note 1)
When T = 0
–M
A←AV
“Exclusive-ORs” the contents of accumulator
and memory. The results are stored in the accumulator.
“Exclusive-ORs” the contents of the memory
specified by the addressing mode and the
contents of the memory at the address indicated by index register X. The results are
stored into the memory at the address indicated by index register X.
A
# OP n
BIT, A
# OP n
1B 2
+
20i
C9 2
ZP
# OP n
BIT, ZP
# OP n
#
1F 5
+
20i
2
1
C5 3
2
44 5
2
2
E4 3
2
2
C4 3
2
C6 5
2
45 3
2
E6 5
2
2
__
When T = 1
–M
M(X) ← M(X) V
1A 2
88 2
49 2
INC
A ← A + 1 or
M←M+1
Increments the contents of accumulator or
memory by 1.
INX
X←X+1
Increments the contents of index register X by
1.
E8 2
1
INY
Y←Y+1
Increments the contents of index register Y by
1.
C8 2
1
3-56
2
3A 2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1
1
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
ZP, X
OP n
D5 4
D6 6
ZP, Y
# OP n
2
2
ABS
# OP n
CD 4
ABS, X
# OP n
3 DD 5
ABS, Y
# OP n
3 D9 5
IND
# OP n
3
Processor status register
ZP, IND
# OP n
IND, X
# OP n
C1 6
IND, Y
# OP n
2 D1 6
REL
# OP n
SP
# OP n
#
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
N
V
T
B
D
I
Z
C
50 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
70 2
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
0
•
•
•
•
0
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
0
•
•
•
•
0
•
•
•
•
•
•
0
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
2
EC 4
3
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
CC 4
3
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
CE 6
3 DE 7
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
3
E2 16 2
55 4
2
4D 4
3 5D 5
3 59 5
F6 6
2
EE 6
3 FE 7
3
3
41 6
2 51 6
2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-57
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
Symbol
Function
Details
IMP
OP n
IMM
# OP n
JMP
If addressing mode is ABS
PCL ← ADL
PCH ← ADH
If addressing mode is IND
PCL ← M (ADH, ADL)
PCH ← M (ADH, ADL + 1)
If addressing mode is ZP, IND
PCL ← M(00, ADL)
PCH ← M(00, ADL + 1)
Jumps to the specified address.
JSR
M(S) ← PCH
S←S–1
M(S) ← PCL
S←S–1
After executing the above,
if addressing mode is ABS,
PCL ← ADL
PCH ← ADH
if addressing mode is SP,
PCL ← ADL
PCH ← FF
If addressing mode is ZP, IND,
PCL ← M(00, ADL)
PCH ← M(00, ADL + 1)
After storing contents of program counter in
stack, and jumps to the specified address.
LDA
(Note 2)
When T = 0
A←M
When T = 1
M(X) ← M
Load accumulator with contents of memory.
LDM
M ← nn
Load memory with immediate value.
LDX
X←M
Load index register X with contents of
memory.
A2 2
LDY
Y←M
Load index register Y with contents of
memory.
A0 2
LSR
7
0→
MUL
M(S) · A ← A ✕ M(zz + X)
S←S–1
Multiplies the accumulator with the contents of
memory specified by the zero page X addressing mode and stores the high byte of the result
on the stack and the low byte in the accumulator.
NOP
PC ← PC + 1
No operation.
ORA
(Note 1)
When T = 0
A←AVM
“Logical OR’s” the contents of memory and accumulator. The result is stored in the
accumulator.
“Logical OR’s” the contents of memory indicated by index register X and contents of
memory specified by the addressing mode.
The result is stored in the memory specified by
index register X.
0
→C
When T = 1
M(X) ← M(X) V M
3-58
A9 2
A
# OP n
BIT, A
# OP n
ZP
# OP n
BIT, ZP
# OP n
A5 3
2
3C 4
3
2
A6 3
2
2
A4 3
2
46 5
2
05 3
2
2
Load memory indicated by index register X
with contents of memory specified by the addressing mode.
Shift the contents of accumulator or memory
to the right by one bit.
The low order bit of accumulator or memory is
stored in carry, 7th bit is cleared.
4A 2
EA 2
1
1
09 2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
2
#
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
ZP, X
OP n
B5 4
ZP, Y
# OP n
2
B6 4
ABS
# OP n
ABS, X
# OP n
4C 3
3
20 6
3
AD 4
3 BD 5
2 AE 4
ABS, Y
# OP n
3 B9 5
3
BE 5
IND
Processor status register
ZP, IND
IND, X
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
6C 5
3 B2 4
2
02 7
2
3
IND, Y
# OP n
REL
# OP n
SP
# OP n
22 5
A1 6
2 B1 6
2
3
#
2
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
N
V
T
B
D
I
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
B4 4
2
AC 4
3 BC 5
3
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
56 6
2
4E 6
3 5E 7
3
0
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
62 15 2
15 4
2
0D 4
3 1D 5
3 19 5
3
01 6
2 11 6
2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-59
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
Symbol
Function
Details
IMP
IMM
OP n
# OP n
A
# OP n
BIT, A
# OP n
ZP
# OP n
BIT, ZP
# OP n
PHA
M(S) ← A
S←S–1
Saves the contents of the accumulator in
memory at the address indicated by the stack
pointer and decrements the contents of stack
pointer by 1.
48 3
1
PHP
M(S) ← PS
S←S–1
Saves the contents of the processor status
register in memory at the address indicated by
the stack pointer and decrements the contents
of the stack pointer by 1.
08 3
1
PLA
S←S+1
A ← M(S)
Increments the contents of the stack pointer
by 1 and restores the accumulator from the
memory at the address indicated by the stack
pointer.
68 4
1
PLP
S←S+1
PS ← M(S)
Increments the contents of stack pointer by 1
and restores the processor status register
from the memory at the address indicated by
the stack pointer.
28 4
1
ROL
7
←
Shifts the contents of the memory or accumulator to the left by one bit. The high order bit is
shifted into the carry flag and the carry flag is
shifted into the low order bit.
2A 2
1
26 5
2
Shifts the contents of the memory or accumulator to the right by one bit. The low order bit is
shifted into the carry flag and the carry flag is
shifted into the high order bit.
6A 2
1
66 5
2
82 8
2
E5 3
2
0
←C ←
ROR
7
C→
RRF
7
→
0
→
0
→
Rotates the contents of memory to the right by
4 bits.
RTI
S←S+1
PS ← M(S)
S←S+1
PCL ← M(S)
S←S+1
PCH ← M(S)
Returns from an interrupt routine to the main
routine.
40 6
1
RTS
S←S+1
PCL ← M(S)
S←S+1
PCH ← M(S)
Returns from a subroutine to the main routine.
60 6
1
SBC
(Note 1)
(Note 5)
When T = 0 _
A←A–M–C
Subtracts the contents of memory and
complement of carry flag from the contents of
accumulator. The results are stored into the
accumulator.
Subtracts contents of complement of carry flag
and contents of the memory indicated by the
addressing mode from the memory at the address indicated by index register X. The
results are stored into the memory of the address indicated by index register X.
When T = 1
_
M(X) ← M(X) – M – C
E9 2
SEB
Ab or Mb ← 1
Sets the specified bit in the accumulator or
memory to “1”.
SEC
C←1
Sets the contents of the carry flag to “1”.
38 2
1
SED
D←1
Sets the contents of the decimal mode flag to
“1”.
F8 2
1
SEI
I←1
Sets the contents of the interrupt disable flag
to “1”.
78 2
1
SET
T←1
Sets the contents of the index X mode flag to
“1”.
32 2
1
3-60
2
0B 2
+
20i
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
1
0F 5
+
20i
#
2
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
ZP, X
OP n
ZP, Y
# OP n
ABS
# OP n
ABS, X
# OP n
ABS, Y
# OP n
IND
# OP n
Processor status register
ZP, IND
# OP n
IND, X
# OP n
IND, Y
# OP n
REL
# OP n
SP
# OP n
#
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
N
V
T
B
D
I
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
(Value saved in stack)
36 6
2
2E 6
3 3E 7
3
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
76 6
2
6E 6
3 7E 7
3
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
(Value saved in stack)
F5 4
2
ED 4
3 FD 5
3 F9 5
3
E1 6
2 F1 6
2
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
V
•
•
•
•
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
•
•
3-61
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
Symbol
Function
Details
IMP
OP n
STA
M←A
STP
IMM
# OP n
Stores the contents of accumulator in memory.
Stops the oscillator.
42 2
A
# OP n
BIT, A
# OP n
ZP
# OP n
BIT, ZP
# OP n
85 4
2
1
STX
M←X
Stores the contents of index register X in
memory.
86 4
2
STY
M←Y
Stores the contents of index register Y in
memory.
84 4
2
TAX
X←A
Transfers the contents of the accumulator to AA 2
index register X.
1
TAY
Y←A
Transfers the contents of the accumulator to
index register Y.
1
TST
M = 0?
Tests whether the contents of memory are “0”
or not.
64 3
2
TSX
X←S
Transfers the contents of the stack pointer to BA 2
index register X.
1
TXA
A←X
Transfers the contents of index register X to
the accumulator.
8A 2
1
TXS
S←X
Transfers the contents of index register X to
the stack pointer.
9A 2
1
TYA
A←Y
Transfers the contents of index register Y to
the accumulator.
98 2
1
Stops the internal clock.
C2 2
1
WIT
Notes 1
2
3
4
5
3-62
A8 2
: The number of cycles “n” is increased by 3 when T is 1.
: The number of cycles “n” is increased by 2 when T is 1.
: The number of cycles “n” is increased by 1 when T is 1.
: The number of cycles “n” is increased by 2 when branching has occurred.
: N, V, and Z flags are invalid in decimal operation mode.
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
#
APPENDICES
3.6 Machine Instructions
Addressing mode
ZP, X
ZP, Y
OP n
# OP n
95 5
2
96 5
94 5
2
Symbol
ABS
ABS, X
ABS, Y
IND
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
8D 5
3 9D 6
3 99 6
3
Processor status register
ZP, IND
# OP n
IND, X
IND, Y
REL
# OP n
# OP n
# OP n
81 7
2 91 7
2
SP
# OP n
#
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
N
V
T
B
D
I
Z
C
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2 8E 5
3
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
8C 5
3
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
N
•
•
•
•
•
Z
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Contents
IMP
IMM
A
Implied addressing mode
Immediate addressing mode
Accumulator or Accumulator addressing mode
BIT, A
Accumulator bit relative addressing mode
ZP
BIT, ZP
Zero page addressing mode
Zero page bit relative addressing mode
ZP, X
ZP, Y
ABS
ABS, X
ABS, Y
IND
Zero page X addressing mode
Zero page Y addressing mode
Absolute addressing mode
Absolute X addressing mode
Absolute Y addressing mode
Indirect absolute addressing mode
ZP, IND
Zero page indirect absolute addressing mode
IND, X
IND, Y
REL
SP
C
Z
I
D
B
T
V
N
Indirect X addressing mode
Indirect Y addressing mode
Relative addressing mode
Special page addressing mode
Carry flag
Zero flag
Interrupt disable flag
Decimal mode flag
Break flag
X-modified arithmetic mode flag
Overflow flag
Negative flag
Symbol
+
–
V
V
–
V
–
←
X
Y
S
PC
PS
PCH
PCL
ADH
ADL
FF
nn
M
M(X)
M(S)
M(ADH, ADL)
M(00, ADL)
Ab
Mb
OP
n
#
Contents
Addition
Subtraction
Logical OR
Logical AND
Logical exclusive OR
Negation
Shows direction of data flow
Index register X
Index register Y
Stack pointer
Program counter
Processor status register
8 high-order bits of program counter
8 low-order bits of program counter
8 high-order bits of address
8 low-order bits of address
FF in Hexadecimal notation
Immediate value
Memory specified by address designation of any addressing mode
Memory of address indicated by contents of index
register X
Memory of address indicated by contents of stack
pointer
Contents of memory at address indicated by ADH and
ADL, in ADH is 8 high-order bits and ADL is 8 low-order bits.
Contents of address indicated by zero page ADL
1 bit of accumulator
1 bit of memory
Opcode
Number of cycles
Number of bytes
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-63
APPENDICES
3.7 List of Instruction Codes
3.7 List of Instruction Codes
D7 – D 4
D3 – D 0
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Hexadecimal
notation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
ORA
IMM
ASL
A
SEB
0, A
—
ORA
ABS
ASL
ABS
SEB
0, ZP
ORA
DEC
ABS, Y
A
CLB
0, A
—
0000
0
BRK
ORA
JSR
IND, X ZP, IND
BBS
0, A
—
ORA
ZP
ASL
ZP
BBS
0, ZP
PHP
0001
1
BPL
ORA
IND, Y
CLT
BBC
0, A
—
ORA
ZP, X
ASL
ZP, X
BBC
0, ZP
CLC
0010
2
JSR
ABS
AND
IND, X
JSR
SP
BBS
1, A
BIT
ZP
AND
ZP
ROL
ZP
BBS
1, ZP
PLP
AND
IMM
ROL
A
SEB
1, A
BIT
ABS
0011
3
BMI
AND
IND, Y
SET
BBC
1, A
—
AND
ZP, X
ROL
ZP, X
BBC
1, ZP
SEC
AND
ABS, Y
INC
A
CLB
1, A
LDM
ZP
0100
4
RTI
EOR
IND, X
STP
BBS
2, A
COM
ZP
EOR
ZP
LSR
ZP
BBS
2, ZP
PHA
EOR
IMM
LSR
A
SEB
2, A
JMP
ABS
0101
5
BVC
EOR
IND, Y
—
BBC
2, A
—
EOR
ZP, X
LSR
ZP, X
BBC
2, ZP
CLI
EOR
ABS, Y
—
CLB
2, A
—
0110
6
RTS
MUL
ADC
IND, X ZP, X
BBS
3, A
TST
ZP
ADC
ZP
ROR
ZP
BBS
3, ZP
PLA
ADC
IMM
ROR
A
SEB
3, A
JMP
IND
0111
7
BVS
ADC
IND, Y
—
BBC
3, A
—
ADC
ZP, X
ROR
ZP, X
BBC
3, ZP
SEI
ADC
ABS, Y
—
CLB
3, A
—
1000
8
BRA
STA
IND, X
RRF
ZP
BBS
4, A
STY
ZP
STA
ZP
STX
ZP
BBS
4, ZP
DEY
—
TXA
SEB
4, A
STY
ABS
STA
ABS
STX
ABS
SEB
4, ZP
1001
9
BCC
STA
IND, Y
—
BBC
4, A
STY
ZP, X
STA
ZP, X
STX
ZP, Y
BBC
4, ZP
TYA
STA
TXS
ABS, Y
CLB
4, A
—
STA
ABS, X
—
CLB
4, ZP
1010
A
LDY
IMM
LDA
IND, X
LDX
IMM
BBS
5, A
LDY
ZP
LDA
ZP
LDX
ZP
BBS
5, ZP
TAY
TAX
SEB
5, A
LDY
ABS
LDA
ABS
LDX
ABS
SEB
5, ZP
1011
B
BCS
JMP
LDA
BBC
IND, Y ZP, IND 5, A
LDY
ZP, X
LDA
ZP, X
LDX
ZP, Y
BBC
5, ZP
CLV
LDA
TSX
ABS, Y
CLB
5, A
1100
C
CPY
IMM
CMP
IND, X
WIT
BBS
6, A
CPY
ZP
CMP
ZP
DEC
ZP
BBS
6, ZP
INY
CMP
IMM
DEX
SEB
6, A
CPY
ABS
1101
D
BNE
CMP
IND, Y
—
BBC
6, A
—
CMP
ZP, X
DEC
ZP, X
BBC
6, ZP
CLD
CMP
ABS, Y
—
CLB
6, A
—
1110
E
CPX
IMM
DIV
SBC
IND, X ZP, X
BBS
7, A
CPX
ZP
SBC
ZP
INC
ZP
BBS
7, ZP
INX
SBC
IMM
NOP
SEB
7, A
CPX
ABS
1111
F
BEQ
SBC
IND, Y
BBC
7, A
—
SBC
ZP, X
INC
ZP, X
BBC
7, ZP
SED
SBC
ABS, Y
—
CLB
7, A
—
—
LDA
IMM
3-byte instruction
2-byte instruction
1-byte instruction
3-64
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
ORA
ASL
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 0, ZP
AND
ABS
ROL
ABS
SEB
1, ZP
AND
ROL
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 1, ZP
EOR
ABS
LSR
ABS
SEB
2, ZP
EOR
LSR
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 2, ZP
ADC
ABS
ROR
ABS
SEB
3, ZP
ADC
ROR
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 3, ZP
LDY
LDA
LDX
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X ABS, Y 5, ZP
CMP
ABS
DEC
ABS
SEB
6, ZP
CMP DEC
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 6, ZP
SBC
ABS
INC
ABS
SEB
7, ZP
SBC
INC
CLB
ABS, X ABS, X 7, ZP
APPENDICES
3.8 SFR Memory Map
3.8 SFR Memory Map
Figure 3.8.1 shows the SFR memory map.
00C016
00C116
00C216
00C316
00C416
00C516
00C616
00C716
00C816
00C916
00CA16
00CB16
00CC16
00CD16
00CE16
00CF16
00D016
00D116
00D216
00D316
00D416
00D516
00D616
00D716
00D816
00D916
00DA16
00DB16
00DC16
00DD16
00DE16
00DF16
Port P0 register (P0)
Port P0 direction register (P0D)
Port P1 register (P1)
Port P1 direction register (P1D)
Port P2 register (P2)
Port P3 register (P3)
Port P4 register (P4)
Port P4 direction register (P4D)
Port P5 register (P5)
Port P5 direction register (P5D)
Port P0 pull-up control register (P0PCON)
Port P1 pull-up control register (P1PCON)
Port P4P5 input control register (P4P5CON)
Edge polarity selection register (EG)
A-D control register (ADCON)
A-D conversion register (AD)
STP instruction operation control register (STPCON)
00E016
00E116
00E216
00E316
00E416
00E516
00E616
00E716
00E816
00E916
00EA16
(Note)
00EB16
00EC16
00ED16
00EE16
00EF16
00F016
00F116
00F216
00F316
00F416
00F516
00F616
00F716
00F816
00F916
00FA16
00FB16
00FC16
00FD16
00FE16
00FF16
Transmit/receive buffer register (TB/RB)
Serial I/O status register (SIOSTS)
Serial I/O control register (SIOCON)
UART control register (UARTCON)
Baud rate generator (BRG)
Bus collision detection control register (BUSARBCON)
Watchdog timer H (WDTH)
Timer X low-order (TXL)
Timer X high-order (TXH)
Timer Y low-order (TYL)
Timer Y high-order (TYH)
Timer 1 (T1)
Timer 2 (T2)
Timer X mode register (TXM)
Timer Y mode register (TYM)
Timer XY control register (TXYCON)
Timer 1 mode register (T1M)
Timer 2 mode register (T2M)
CPU mode register (CPUM)
Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1)
Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2)
Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1)
Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2)
Note: These registers are not allocated in the 7480 Group.
Figure 3.8.1 SFR Memory Map
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-65
APPENDICES
3.9 Pinouts
3.9 Pinouts
Figures 3.9.1 and 3.9.2 show the pinouts of the 7480 Group and 7481 Group.
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
28
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
M37480M8-XXXSP
M37480M8T-XXXSP
M37480E8-XXXSP
M37480E8T-XXXSP
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
VCC
Outline 32P4B ✽1
1
32
2
31
3
30
4
29
5
28
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
M37480M8-XXXFP
M37480M8T-XXXFP
M37480E8-XXXFP
M37480E8T-XXXFP
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
13
20
14
19
15
18
16
17
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
VCC
Outline 32P2W-A ✽2
✽ 1: The M37480M2T-XXXSP, M37480M4-XXXSP and M37480M4T-XXXSP are also included in the 32P4B packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
2: The M37480M2T-XXXFP, M37480M4-XXXFP and M37480M4T-XXXFP are also included in the 32P2W-A packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
Note: The only differences between the 32P4B package product and the 32P2W-A package product are package outline and
absolute maximum ratings.
Figure 3.9.1 Pinout of 7480 Group (top view)
3-66
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
APPENDICES
3.9 Pinouts
1
42
2
41
3
40
4
39
5
38
6
37
7
36
M37481M8-XXXSP
M37481M8T-XXXSP
M37481E8-XXXSP
M37481E8T-XXXSP
M37481E8SS
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
P20/IN0
VREF
XIN
XOUT
VSS
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
P52
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
16
27
17
26
18
25
19
24
20
23
21
22
23
24
25
27
26
28
29
31
30
33
P04
32
P03
P02
P01
P00
P43
P42
P41/CNTR1
P40/CNTR0
P33
P32
P31/INT1
Outline 42P4B ✽1
42S1B-A (M37481E8SS)
34
22
P05
P06
P07
P52
VSS
35
21
36
20
P53
P17/SRDY
P16/SCLK
40
19
M37481M8-XXXFP
M37481M8T-XXXFP
M37481E8-XXXFP
M37481E8T-XXXFP
38
39
18
17
16
11
9
10
8
XOUT
XIN
VREF
P20/IN0
P13/T1
P12/T0
P11
P10
P27/IN7
P26/IN6
P25/IN5
P24/IN4
P23/IN3
P22/IN2
P21/IN1
7
12
6
13
44
5
43
4
14
3
15
42
1
41
2
P15/TXD
P14/RXD
37
P30/INT0
RESET
P51
P50
VCC
VSS
AVSS
Outline 44P6N-A
✽2
✽ 1: The M37481M2T-XXXSP, M37481M4-XXXSP and M37481M4T-XXXSP are also included in the 42P4B packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
2: The M37481M2T-XXXFP, M37481M4-XXXFP and M37481M4T-XXXFP are also included in the 44P6N-A packages,
respectively. All of these products are pin-compatible.
Note: The only differences between the 42P4B package product and the 44P6N-A package product are package outline,
absolute maximum ratings and the fact that the 44P6N-A package product has the AVss pin.
Figure 3.9.2 Pinout of 7481 Group (top view)
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
3-67
APPENDICES
3.9 Pinouts
This page left blank intentionally.
3-68
7480 Group and 7481 Group User's Manual
MITSUBISHI SEMICONDUCTORS
USER’S MANUAL
7480 Group
7481 Group
Nov. First Edition 1997
Editioned by
Committee of editing of Mitsubishi Semiconductor USER’S MANUAL
Published by
Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Semiconductor Marketing Division
This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission
of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.
©1996 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION
User’s Manual
7480 Group
7481 Group
Printed in Japan (ROD)
© 1997 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION
New publication, effective Nov. 1997.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
REVISION DESCRIPTION LIST
Rev.
No.
1.0
7480 GROUP AND 7481 GROUP USER'S MANUAL
Revision Description
First Edition
Rev.
date
971130
(1/1)
A
GRADE
MESC TECHNICAL NEWS
No.M740-14-9712
Additional information of 7480/7481 Group (Rev.A)
The following errors exist in the 7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual.
Please refer to the corrected information as shown below.
Corrected information of 7480 Group and 7481 Group User’s Manual (Rev.A)
Page
Error
Correct
1-192
Figure 1.21.5
Conditions: 25°C, f(XIN)=8 MHz (with a ceramic resonator) in wait mode
Power source current ICC [mA]
3.0
High-speed mode
2.0
Medium-speed mode
1.0
0.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Power source voltage VCC [V]
: Corrected points
2-24
Section 2.3.3
SPECIFICATIONS
LAN communication format: Simplified SAE
J1850 (PWM system)
(1/1)
LAN communication format: Simplified SAE*
J1850 (PWM system)
*SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers