ISL6292B ® Datasheet April 19, 2005 FN9139 .1 Li-ion/Li Polymer Battery Charger Features The ISL6292B uses Intersil’s patent-pending dual-mode charge technology to minimize the heat in a linear charger. The ISL6292B is a modification of the original ISL6292 and is optimized for cellular phone travel charger applications. The low-heat generation feature of the dual-mode charger enables the charger IC to be placed inside the connector of the travel charger to completely remove the influence of the adapter cable on the charging performance. • Complete Charger for Single-Cell Li-ion Batteries Working with a current-limited ac/dc converter, the dualmode charger charges a Li-ion battery with the same current profile as a traditional linear charger. The constant charge current is determined by the current limit of the ac/dc converter. The constant output voltage is fixed at 4.2V. When the battery voltage is below 2.8V, the charger preconditions the battery with a low trickle-charge current. The charge status is indicated by a tri-color LED. A safety timer prevents charging a dead battery for an excessively long period. The ISL6292B also features a thermal foldback function that automatically reduces the charge current when the internal die temperature exceeds a 100°C limit to prevent further temperature rise. This function removes the concern of thermal failure in the targeted space-limited applications. An ambient temperature monitoring circuit allows users to set two separate temperature limit levels, one for during charge and one for not during charge. The thermally-enhanced QFN package further improves the thermal performance of the ISL6292B in space-limited applications. Ordering Information PART NUMBER TEMP. RANGE (°C) PKG. DWG. # ISL6292BCR* -20 to 70 16 Ld 4x4 QFN ISL6292BCRZ* (Note) -20 to 70 16 Ld 4x4 QFN (Pb-free) *Add “-T” suffix for tape and reel. NOTE: Intersil Pb-free products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. • No External Blocking Diode Required • Very Low Thermal Dual-Mode Operation • 1% Voltage Accuracy with Remote Sense • Programmable Current Limit up to 1.5A • Programmable End-of-Charge Current • Programmable Safety Timer • Drives a Tri-Color LED • Charge Current Thermal Foldback • NTC Thermistor Interface for Battery Temperature Monitor • Two-Level Ambient Temperature Setting • Guaranteed to Operate at 2.65V After Start-Up • Ambient Temperature Range: -20°C to 70°C • Thermally-Enhanced QFN Packages • QFN Package: - Compliant to JEDEC PUB95 MO-220 QFN - Quad Flat No Leads - Package Outline - Near Chip Scale Package footprint, which improves PCB efficiency and has a thinner profile • Pb-Free Available (RoHS Compliant) Applications • Handheld Devices including Medical Handhelds • PDAs, Cell Phones and Smart Phones • Portable Instruments, MP3 Players • Self-Charging Battery Packs • Stand-Alone Chargers • USB Bus-Powered Chargers Related Literature VIN VIN BAT BAT ISL6292B TOP VIEW 16 15 14 13 RED 3 10 IMIN TIME 4 9 IREF 5 6 7 8 V2P9 11 TEMP EN 12 VSEN GRN 2 DT VIN 1 GND Pinout • Integrated Pass Element and Current Sensor 1 • Technical Brief TB363 “Guidelines for Handling and Processing Moisture Sensitive Surface Mount Devices (SMDs)” • Technical Brief TB379 “Thermal Characterization of Packaged Semiconductor Devices” • Technical Brief TB389 “PCB Land Pattern Design and Surface Mount Guidelines for QFN Packages” CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-352-6832 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2004, 2005. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. ISL6292B Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Information Supply Voltage (VIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to 7V Output Pin (BAT, VSEN, RED, GRN, DT) . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 to 5.5V Signal Pin (EN, TIME TEMP, IREF, IMIN, V2P9) . . . . . . -0.3 to 3.2V Charge Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6A ESD Rating Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3015.7) . . .3500V Machine Model (Per EIAJ ED-4701 Method C-111) . . . . . . . .200V Thermal Resistance (Notes 1, 2) θJA (°C/W) θJC (°C/W) 4x4 QFN Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4 Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . . 150°C Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . -65°C to 150°C Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C Recommended Operating Conditions Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-20°C to 70°C Supply Voltage, VIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3V to 6.5V Recommended Charge Current. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400mA to 1.5A CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress only rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. NOTES: 1. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See Tech Brief TB379. 2. θJC, “case temperature” location is at the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside. See Tech Brief TB379. Electrical Specifications Typical values are tested at VIN = 5V and 25°C Ambient Temperature, maximum and minimum values are guaranteed over -10°C to 70°C Ambient Temperature with a supply voltage in the range of 4.3V to 6.5V, unless otherwise noted. PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Rising VIN Threshold 3.0 3.4 4.0 V Falling VIN Threshold 2.3 2.4 2.7 V VIN floating or EN pin is floating - - 3.0 µA BAT Pin floating, EN = LOW - 0.5 - mA 4.158 4.20 4.242 V - 190 - mV POWER-ON RESET STANDBY CURRENT VBAT Pin Sink Current ISTANDBY VIN Pin Supply Current IVIN VOLTAGE REGULATION Output Voltage VCH Dropout Voltage VBAT = 3.7V, ICHARGE = 0.65A CHARGE CURRENT Charge/Protection Current (Note 3) ICHARGE RIREF = 80kΩ, VBAT = 3.7V, VIN = 5V 0.9 1.0 1.1 A Trickle Charge Current ITRICKLE RIREF = 80kΩ, VBAT = 2.0V, VIN = 5V 85 110 135 mA RIMIN = 133kΩ 40 60 80 mA VRECHRG 3.85 4.00 4.13 V VMIN 2.7 2.8 3.2 V 1.44 1.50 1.58 V - 214 - mV 0.35 0.38 0.405 V - 51.4 - mV RDT - 30 100 Ω Charge Current Foldback Threshold (Note 4) TFOLD 85 100 115 °C Current Foldback Gain (Note 4) GFOLD - 100 - mA/°C End-of-Charge Threshold RECHARGE THRESHOLD Recharge Voltage Threshold TRICKLE CHARGE THRESHOLD Trickle Charge Threshold Voltage BATTERY TEMPERATURE MONITORING Low Temperature Threshold VTMIN V2P9 = 3.0V Low Temperature Hysteresis (Note 4) High Temperature Threshold VTMAX High Temperature Hysteresis (Note 4) DT Pin MOSFET On Resistance 2 V2P9 = 3.0V FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Electrical Specifications Typical values are tested at VIN = 5V and 25°C Ambient Temperature, maximum and minimum values are guaranteed over -10°C to 70°C Ambient Temperature with a supply voltage in the range of 4.3V to 6.5V, unless otherwise noted. (Continued) PARAMETER SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.4 3.0 3.6 ms EN Input Low - - 0.8 V EN Pin External Pull Down to Disable - - 50 kΩ OSCILLATOR Oscillation Period TOSC CTIME = 15nF LOGIC INPUT AND OUTPUT RED Sink Current Pin Voltage = 0.8V 5 - - mA GRN Sink Current Pin Voltage = 0.8V 5 - - mA NOTES: 3. The actual current may be lower due to the thermal foldback. 4. Guaranteed by design, not a tested parameter. 3 FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Pin Description EN VIN EN is the enable logic input. Connect the EN pin to LOW to enable the charger or leave it floating to disable the charger. This pin is pulled up to 2.9V when left floating. VIN is the input power source. Connect to a wall adapter. RED, GRN IREF RED and GRN are two open-drain outputs to drive a red and a green LED in the same package. The RED and the GRN pins are guaranteed to be capable of sinking at least 5mA current. This is the programming input for the constant charging current in a linear charger. In the typical application of a dual-mode charger, the IREF pin programs the trickle charge current as well as the protection current level. TIME IMIN The TIME pin determines the oscillation period by connecting a timing capacitor between this pin and GND. The oscillator provides a time reference for the charger. IMIN is the programmable input for the end-of-charge current. TEMP GND TEMP is the input for an external NTC thermistor. GND is the connection to system ground. DT V2P9 DT is the input to set the temperature difference before and after the charging starts. This pin can also be used as an indication whether or not the charger is charging. This is a 2.9V untrimmed voltage output. This pin outputs a 2.9V voltage source when the input voltage is above POR threshold, independent on the EN pin input. The V2P9 pin can be used as an indication for adapter presence. VSEN VSEN is the battery voltage sensing input. This pin allows remote sense of the battery pack voltage. BAT BAT is the charger output. Typical Application Input C1 R1 BATR3 D1 RS R5 R4 R2 DT EN C TIM E TIME RED GRN GND 1µF X5R ceramic capacitor 0.1µF X5R ceramic capacitor 22nF X5R or better timing capacitor dual-color (red and green) LED in one package 80kΩ, 1% 133kΩ, 1% 4 ID C4 ISL6292B D2 VSEN TEMP RT C1, C3: C2, C4: CTIME : D1, D2: RIREF : RIMIN : BAT+ C3 V2P9 C2 To Battery BAT VIN R IREF IREF R IM IN IMIN R1: 41.2kΩ, 1% R2: TBD, value dependent on the ∆T (2.3kΩ for 20°C) RT: ECTH-160808-103-J-3800HT, 10kΩ at 25°C, 5% RS: 1.33kΩ, 1% R3: 10kΩ, 5% (R3 and C4 are for improving ESD protection) R4, R5: 330Ω, 5% FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Block Diagram Q MAIN VIN VMIN V POR + + - RIMIN - - CHRG + VA - I MIN V IN + + CA - Curre nt Refe re nces IMIN Input_OK VR ECHRG ISEN IR RIREF 100000:1 Curre nt Mirror VCH Q SEN IT IREF V2P9 Re ference s Tem pera ture Monitoring VPOR C1 BAT VSEN 100mV VCH + Trickle /Fa st I SEN MIN_I + Recha rge UnderTe m p NTC Interfa ce DT OSC GND VRECHRG - V2P 8 TIME VM IN + - TEMP - Minbat LOGIC OverTe mp RED GRN COUNTER Input_OK EN 5 FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Flow Chart Anytime POR and Enable occurs TEMP fault removed TEMP FAULT Charger: OFF LED: YELLOW TRICKLE CHARGE Charger: ON LED: RED TEMP fault TEMP fault VBAT < 2.8V when 1/8 TIMEOUT completes TIMEOUT FAULT Charger: OFF LED: YELLOW VBAT > 2.8V before 1/8 TIMEOUT completes FAST CHARGE Charger: ON LED: RED TIMEOUT completes and VBAT < VRECHRG VBAT > VRECHRG and ICHG < IMIN and TIMEOUT not completed TEMP fault CHARGE COMPLETES BUT NOT TERMINATES Charger: ON LED: GREEN TIMEOUT completes TEMP fault removed TEMP FAULT Charger: OFF LED: YELLOW CHARGE TERMINATES Charger: OFF LED: GREEN TIMEOUT completes and VBAT > VRECHRG CHARGE TERMINATES Charger: OFF LED: GREEN TEMP fault VBAT < VRECHRG TEMP fault removed TEMP FAULT Charger: OFF LED: YELLOW RECHARGE Charger: ON LED: GREEN TIMEOUT completes TEMP fault 6 FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Theory of Operation The ISL6292B is based on the Intersil Patent-pending dual-mode charging technology. The dual-mode technology generates very low heat, which enables the charger to be used in space-limited applications. To take advantage of the low-heat feature, a current-limited ac/dc converter is required as the power supply to the charger. The current-limited supply has the I-V characteristics shown in Figure 1. The supply is a dc source before the load current reaches the limited current ILIM. Once the current limit is reached, the supply current cannot increase further; instead, the supply voltage falls. The current-limited supply is equivalent to a voltage source with an equivalent output impedance or a current source, depending on the region it operates at, as shown in Figure 1. The ISL6292B charges a battery with the traditional constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) profile. The constant current is determined by the current limit ILIM of the supply during the constant-current charge mode. To ensure dualmode operation, the current protection level set by the IREF pin should be higher than ILIM. In the constant-voltage charge mode, the battery voltage is regulated at 4.2V. When the battery voltage is below the VMIN given in the Electrical Specification, the charger preconditions the battery using trickle charge mode. The trickle-charge current is 10% of the protection current level programmed by the IREF pin. Figure 2 shows the typical waveforms in a charge cycle of the dual mode operation. When the battery is below VMIN, the charge current is 10% of IREF set by the IREF pin. Since the charge current is much less than the ILIM, the ac/dc converter operates in the voltage source region. Once the battery voltage exceeds VMIN, the charger starts to fully turn on the internal P-channel power MOSFET. The ac/dc converter operates in the current-limited region and its voltage is pulled down to a level slightly higher than the battery voltage. As shown in Figure 2, the charge current is ILIM and is lower than IREF. As the battery voltage reaches the 4.2V VCH, the charge current starts to decrease. The ac/dc supply moves out of the current-limit region and becomes a voltage source again. When the charge current reaches a programmable end-of-charge (EOC) level set by the IMIN pin, the charger sends out an EOC indication. The real termination of the charger happens at the end of a total charge time set by the TIME pin. The power dissipation is also shown in Figure 2. The power dissipation in both the trickle mode and the constant-current (CC) mode are very low. The possible peak power occurs at the transition from the CC mode to the constant-voltage (CV) mode. This peak power is much lower than the peak power normally seen in a linear charger and can be further reduced by properly designing the ac/dc converter. One simple approach is to design the ac/dc converter output voltage just high enough to fully charge the battery (normally lower than 5V). More information can be found in the ISL6292 datasheet available at http://www.intersil.com. To ensure the thermal safety, the ISL6292B has an internal thermal foldback function that automatically reduces the charge current if the internal temperature typically rises above 100°C. The ISL6292B offers many other features. The trickle current, the CC charge current, and the end-of-charge (EOC) current are all programmable. A thermal foldback function monitors the internal temperature and reduces the charge current when the internal temperature rises above 100°C to prevent further temperature rise. A safety timer sets the charge time limit for both trickle mode and fast mode charge. When the battery voltage drops after the charge cycle terminates, the charger automatically starts recharging the battery to full. Two indication pins are designed to drive a tri-color LED (a red and a green LED in the same package). A simple thermistor circuit interface allows the user to set a different level of ambient temperature before and after the charger starts. All these features are described in detail in the Application Information section. Trickle Mode VIN V CH Constant Current Mode Constant Voltage Mode Inhibit Input Voltage Battery Voltage V M IN V NL C r O = (VNL - VFL )/ILIM VFL B IREF ILIM Charge Current rO IREF /10 I LIM VNL A ILIM FIGURE 1. THE I-V CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CURRENTLIMITED AC/DC CONVERTER. 7 P1 P2 Power Dissipation TIMEOUT FIGURE 2. TYPICAL CHARGE CURVES USING A CURRENTLIMITED ADAPTER. FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Applications Information EOC Current and RIMIN Selection Power-On Reset (POR) The EOC current is programmed by the IMIN pin and can be calculated by the following equation: The ISL6292B has a 3.4V rising POR threshold. Before the input voltage reaches the POR threshold, the 2.9V V2P9 pin outputs 0V and the charger is disabled. Once the POR threshold is reached, the V2P9 pin outputs 2.9V, the opendrain MOSFET on the DT pin is turned on, and the ambient temperature monitoring circuit starts to function. After a delay and after the input voltage rises above the battery voltage, the charger control circuit starts to work and the DT pin impedance becomes high. Figure 3 shows the sequence of the events at power on. The POR has a falling threshold of 2.4V typically. At power on, all counters are reset to zero. Charge Current and RIREF Selection When the ISL6292B is used as a traditional linear charger, the RIREF sets the constant charge current. The trickle charge current is 10% of the CC current IREF. When working with a current-limited supply, the CC current is determined by the supply limited current ILIM. IREF needs to be programmed higher than ILIM and is used as an overcurrent protection. Taking into account the tolerance of both the ILIM and IREF, it is recommended the IREF be programmed at least 30% higher than the ILIM. IREF can be found by the following equation: 5 0.8V I REF = ----------------- × 10 ( A ) R IREF (EQ. 1) (EQ. 2) The ISL6292B has a comparator with 100mV offset voltage to ensure the input voltage is higher than the battery voltage before charging starts (see the Block Diagram). This condition requires ILIM be higher than 400mA. The upper limit for ILIM is 1.5A. VIN (EQ. 3) The EOC current has a programming range up to 400mA. To qualify as an EOC condition, the charge current needs to drop below the IMIN level and stay below the IMIN level for more than three to four cycles of the internal oscillator; additionally, the battery voltage rises above the recharge threshold given in the Electrical Specification table. Internal Oscillator The internal oscillator establishes a timing reference. The oscillation period is programmable with an external timing capacitor, CTIME, as shown in Typical Applications. The oscillator charges the timing capacitor to 1.5V and then discharges it to 0.5V in one period, both with 10µA current. The period TOSC is: 6 T OSC = 0.2 ⋅ 10 ⋅ C TIME ( sec onds ) (EQ. 4) A 1nF capacitor results in a 0.2ms oscillation period. The accuracy of the period is mainly dependent on the accuracy of the capacitance and the internal current source. Total Charge Time and CTIME Selection The total charge time for the CC mode and CV mode is limited to a length of TIMEOUT, which can be found by: The trickle charge current is 10% of IREF, that is, 4 0.8V I Trickle = ----------------- × 10 ( A ) R IREF 4 0.8V I MIN = ---------------- × 10 ( A ) R IMIN C TIME TIMEOUT = 14 ⋅ -----------------1nF ( minutes ) VIN POR Th re sh o ld V2P9 Ch arg e Cycle (EQ. 5) Ch arg e Cycle DT Imp e d . POR RED M IN V2P9 15 Cycle s to 1/8 TIM EOUT GRN DT Imped VBAT Charger Start I CHG V RECHRG 2.8V V M IN I M IN t0 FIGURE 3. EVENT SEQUENCE AT POWER UP 8 15 Cycle s t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 FIGURE 4. OPERATION WAVEFORMS FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B BAT VSEN 2.9V R1 10Ω Under Temp CP1 R2 R1 100K VTM IN + V2P9 R2 75K To TEMP Pin RU TEMP - VA + Q1 VREF Enable R3 Over Temp Q1 CP2 + R3 25K V TM AX Q2 RT R4 4K DT FIGURE 5. THE INTERNAL VOLTAGE FEEDBACK CIRCUIT Q3 CHG CTIME is the timing capacitor shown in the Typical Application circuit. A 1nF capacitor leads to 14 minutes of TIMEOUT. For example, a 15nF capacitor sets the TIMEOUT to be 3.5 hours. The charger is terminated when the TIMEOUT is reached. The trickle mode charge has a time limit of 1/8 TIMEOUT. If the battery voltage does not reach VMIN within that limit, a TIMEOUT fault is issued and the charger latches up. The charger stays in trickle mode for at least 15 cycles of the internal oscillator and, at most, 1/8 of TIMEOUT. GND RD FIGURE 6. THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CIRCUIT FOR THE NTC INTERFACE TABLE 1. LED INDICATION SUMMARY STATUS RED GRN INDICATION Charging L H Red Full Charge (EOC), or recharging H L Green Recharge Threshold Trickle TIMEOUT Error L L Yellow (Latched) The charger terminates when the TIMEOUT limit expires. After the termination, if the battery is below the recharge threshold given in the Electrical Specification table, the charger starts a re-charge cycle. Over/Under Ambient Temperature L L Yellow No Battery H H Off LED Indications RED and GRN are two open-drain outputs that directly drive a tri-color LED. At the moment when the power is applied or when the charger is enabled through the EN pin, the charger starts to charge and the RED indication pin outputs a low impedance to drive a red LED. Once the charge finishes (either when the EOC condition is qualified or when the TIMEOUT completes), the GRN pin turns on to drive a green LED and the red LED is off. The green LED remains on unless the input power is recycled, or when the EN pin is toggled, or a fault case happens. When a recharge occurs, the indication remains in green. When a fault case happens, both the RED and the GRN pins are on to indicate a yellow color. If the FAULT is a TIMEOUT fault, the yellow indication is latched and can only be reset through the EN pin or the input power. If the FAULT is an ambient temperature FAULT, the charger restarts after the fault condition is removed. When not powered or when not enabled, both LEDs are off. Table 1 summarizes the LED indications. 9 VSEN Pin The VSEN pin allows remote sensing of the battery voltage to minimize the resistive voltage drop between the charger output and the battery positive terminal. Figure 5 shows the internal voltage feedback circuit. In applications that the remote sense pin goes through a connector, a local lowvalue resistor is recommended, as the R1 shown in Figure 5, in case the connector has bad contact. The sum of R2 and R3 is 75kΩ, therefore, a 10Ω R1 is negligible in output voltage accuracy. Ambient Temperature Sensing The TEMP pin is used to set the ambient temperature range that allows charging the battery. Typically, an NTC (negative temperature coefficient) resistor is mounted on the printed circuit board (PCB) to monitor the ambient temperature. Due to the self-heating of the PCB during charging, the ISL6292B provides the DT pin to set a higher temperature threshold after the charger starts. Figure 6 shows the internal circuit for the ambient temperature sensing function. The two comparators form a window comparator whose high-threshold is VTMIN and lowthreshold is VTMAX. These two thresholds are given in the Electrical Specifications. The two MOSFETs (Q1 and Q2) FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B NOTCHARGE V2P9 V2P9 45 oC 40 oC TEMP TEMP Less than 2 °C RT RT NOTCHARGE 45 C + ∆T RU RU CHARGE o 0 oC -5 oC DT RD RQ3 GND GND (A) (B) FIGURE 7. EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS FOR THE NTC DIVIDER (A) BEFORE CHARGING STARTS (B) DURING CHARGING. create a hysteresis for each comparator respectively. The DT pin is shorted to GND via the internal Q3 MOSFET when the charger is not charging, resulting in the equivalent circuit shown in Figure 7 (A). The on-resistance of Q3 is typically 50Ω and is negligible compared to the external resistors. When the charger starts to charge, Q3 is turned off to set a higher temperature range determined by the external resistor RD. The equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 7 (B). The DT pin allows the user to set up a higher shut down ambient temperature after the charger starts up. The selection of RU and RT uses the same procedure described in the ISL6292 datasheet. The selection RD follows the following equation: RD = RT,@45°C - RT,@(45°C + ∆T) where RT,@45°C is the thermistor resistance at 45°C and the RT,@(45°C + ∆T) is the resistance at 45°C + ∆T. Figure 8 shows the temperature windows before, during, and after charging. Before and after charging, the temperature window is -5°C to 45°C with 5°C hysteresis. During charging, the high temperature limit changes to 45°C + ∆T. If this limit is exceeded, the charger is stopped and the temperature has to come back to below 40°C for the charging to be allowed again. The low temperature limit is also increased. However, the RD typically has a much lower resistance than the NTC at low temperature, therefore, the influence on the temperature threshold is not as much as at high temperature. Typically, the low temperature threshold is raised by less than 2°C, as shown in Figure 8. Charge Current Thermal Foldback The thermal foldback function monitors the die temperature and reduces the charge current when the die temperature rises above 100°C to prevent further temperature rise. The charge current reduces at a rate of 100mA/°C after exceeding 100°C. For a charger with the constant charge current set at 1A, the charge current is reduced to zero when 10 FIGURE 8. BOARD TEMPERATURE MONITORING WHEN THE CHARGE IS NOT CHARGING, THE TEMPERATURE WINDOW IS -5°C AND 45°C. ONCE THE CHARGER STARTS, THE TEMPERATURE WINDOW IS 1.X°C TO 45°C+ ∆T. the internal temperature rises to 110°C. The actual charge current settles between 100°C to 110°C. Usually the charge current should not drop below IMIN because of the thermal foldback. For some extreme cases if that does happen, the charger does not indicate end-ofcharge unless the battery voltage is already above the recharge threshold. 2.9V Bias Voltage The ISL6292B provides a 2.9V voltage for biasing the internal control and logic circuit. This voltage is also available for external circuits such as the NTC thermistor circuit. The maximum allowed external load is 2mA. EN Pin The EN pin allows direct interface to the battery ID pin of a battery pack. The battery ID pin is connected with a resistor of a value less than 27kΩ to ground inside the battery pack. When the battery is not attached, the EN pin is pulled up by an internal source to the V2P9 pin to disable the charger. The 2.9V internal regulator is on as long as the input power is applied, independent of the EN input. Table 2 summarizes the status of each pin when the IC is disabled. TABLE 2. SUMMARY OF PIN BEHAVIOR WHEN THE IC IS DISABLED BY THE EN PIN PIN BEHAVIOR V2P9 Outputs 2.9V. RED High impedance GRN High impedance DT Low impedance IREF Outputs 0.8V IMIN Outputs 0.8V TEMP The temperature monitoring circuit remains functioning. FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Board Layout Recommendations The ISL6292B is targeted for space-limited applications. In order to maximize the current capability, it is very important that the exposed pad under the package is properly soldered to the board and is connected to other layers through thermal vias. More thermal vias and more copper attached to the exposed pad usually result in better thermal performance. On the other hand, the number of vias is limited by the size of the pad. The exposed pads for the 4x4 QFN package are able to have 5 vias. As much copper as possible should be connected to the exposed pad to minimize the thermal impedance. Refer to the ISL6292B evaluation board for layout examples. 11 FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005 ISL6292B Quad Flat No-Lead Plastic Package (QFN) Micro Lead Frame Plastic Package (MLFP) L16.4x4 16 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE (COMPLIANT TO JEDEC MO-220-VGGC ISSUE C) MILLIMETERS SYMBOL MIN NOMINAL MAX NOTES A 0.80 0.90 1.00 - A1 - - 0.05 - A2 - - 1.00 A3 b 0.23 D 0.28 9 0.35 5, 8 4.00 BSC D1 D2 9 0.20 REF - 3.75 BSC 1.95 2.10 9 2.25 7, 8 E 4.00 BSC - E1 3.75 BSC 9 E2 1.95 e 2.10 2.25 7, 8 0.65 BSC - k 0.25 - - - L 0.50 0.60 0.75 8 L1 - - 0.15 10 N 16 2 Nd 4 3 Ne 4 3 P - - 0.60 9 θ - - 12 9 Rev. 5 5/04 NOTES: 1. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to ASME Y14.5-1994. 2. N is the number of terminals. 3. Nd and Ne refer to the number of terminals on each D and E. 4. All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles are in degrees. 5. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip. 6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be either a mold or mark feature. 7. Dimensions D2 and E2 are for the exposed pads which provide improved electrical and thermal performance. 8. Nominal dimensions are provided to assist with PCB Land Pattern Design efforts, see Intersil Technical Brief TB389. 9. Features and dimensions A2, A3, D1, E1, P & θ are present when Anvil singulation method is used and not present for saw singulation. 10. Depending on the method of lead termination at the edge of the package, a maximum 0.15mm pull back (L1) maybe present. L minus L1 to be equal to or greater than 0.3mm. All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 12 FN9139 .1 April 19, 2005