MIL-PRF-38534 CERTIFIED
M.S.KENNEDY CORP.
HIGH EFFICIENCY,
4 AMP ADJUSTABLE
SURFACE MOUNT
SWITCHING REGULATOR
5042
4707 Dey Road Liverpool, N.Y. 13088
(315) 701-6751
FEATURES:
Up To 95% Efficiency For 5V Operation
4 Amp Output Current
4.5V to 30V Input Range
User Adjustable Output Voltage from 1.2V to 5.5V
300KHz Switching Frequency @ 1 Amp
User Programmable Soft-Start
Quiescent Current < 2.5mA
User Programmable Current Limit
Available with Gull Wing Leads
Contact MSK for MIL-PRF-38534 Qualification Status
DESCRIPTION:
The MSK 5042 is a high efficiency, 4 amp, surface mount switching regulator. Output voltage is user adjustable
through the use of two external resistors or one external potentiometer. Output voltages from 1.2 volts to 5.5 volts
are possible. The operating frequency of the MSK 5042 is 300KHz and is internally set. An external "soft start"
capacitor allows the user to control how quickly the output comes up to regulation voltage after the application of an
input. An extremely low quiescent current of typically less than 2.5mA and nearly 95% operating efficiency at 5 volts
out, keep the total internal power dissipation of the MSK 5042 down to an absolute minimum.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
PIN-OUT INFORMATION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Step-down Switching Regulator
Microprocessor Power Source
High Efficiency Low Voltage
Subsystem Power Supply
1
Case
Sense High
Sense Low
N/C
RF High
Amp In
N/C
34-44
23-33
11-22
10
9
8
Vout
Ground
Vin
Enable
Ref Out
Cton
Rev. F 2/06
8
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage
Enable Voltage
Output Current
Sense Pin Voltage
Thermal Resistance
(Each MOSFET)
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-0.3V, +36V
-0.3V, +36V
5.0 Amps
-0.3V, +7V
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TST
TLD
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TC
Storage Temperature Range
Lead Temperature Range
(10 Seconds)
Case Operating Temperature
MSK5042
MSK5042H/E
Junction Temperature
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19°C/W
TJ
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-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
+150°C
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-65°C to +150°C
300°C
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ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Group A
Parameter
Test Conditions 1
Output Current
2
Min.
Typ.
MSK 5042
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Units
Max.
1,2,3
4.75
-
30
4.75
-
30
V
IOUT=1.5A VIN=6.5V
1
1.2
-
5.5
1.2
-
5.5
V
Within SOA
1
4.0
4.5
-
4.0
4.5
-
A
1
-
1.5
2.0
-
1.5
2.5
%
Input Supply Range 2
Output Voltage Range
MSK 5042 H/E
Subgroup
Load Regulation
VOUT=3.3V 0.75A≤IOUT≤2.5A
2,3
-
-
3.0
-
-
-
%
Line Regulation
VOUT=3.3V IOUT=1A 5.0V≤VIN≤20V
1,2,3
-
0.9
1.5
-
0.9
2.0
%
Internal IOUT≥1.5A
-
270
300
330
270
300
330
KHz
High
1,2,3
2.0
-
-
2.0
-
-
V
Low
1,2,3
-
-
0.5
-
-
0.5
V
VEN=VIN
1
-
0.5
2.0
-
0.5
2.0
µA
VEN=0V
1
-
0.2
2.0
-
0.2
2.0
µA
VEN=0V VIN=30V
1
-
2.0
2.5
-
2.0
2.5
mA
Positive
1
80
100
120
75
100
125
mV
Negative
1
-50
-100
-160
-45
-100
-165
mV
Source
1
2.5
4.0
6.5
2.5
4.0
6.5
µA
Oscillator Frequency 2
7
Enable Input Voltage 2
Enable Input Current 2
Disabled Quiescent Current 2
Current Limit Threshold 2
Cton Current 2
Fault Sink
1
2.0
-
-
2.0
-
-
mA
VIN=5.0V IOUT=1A VOUT=1.5V
-
-
86
-
-
86
-
%
VIN=5.0V IOUT=1A VOUT=2.5V
-
-
90
-
-
90
-
%
VIN=5.0V IOUT=1A VOUT=3.3V
-
-
92
-
-
92
-
%
VIN=6.5V IOUT=1A VOUT=5V
-
-
95
-
-
95
-
%
Efficiency
NOTES:
1
2
3
4
5
6
VIN=Enable=5V, 5mV≤(sense high-sense low)≤75mV, IL=0A, COUT=3x330µF + 1µF ceramic, CIN=6x10µF, CTON=0.01µF unless otherwise specified.
This parameter is guaranteed by design but need not be tested. Typical parameters are representative of actual device performance but are for reference only.
All output parameters are tested using a low duty cycle pulse to maintain TJ = TC.
Industrial grade and 'E' suffix devices shall be tested to subgroup 1 unless otherwise specified.
Military grade devices ('H' suffix) shall be 100% tested to subgroups 1,2 and 3.
Subgroup 1
TA=TC=+25°C
Subgroup 2
TA=TC=+125°C
Subgroup 3
TA=TC=-55°C
7 Actual switching frequency can be load dependent if output current is low. Refer to typical performance curves.
8 Continuous operation at or above absolute maximum ratings may adversely effect the device performance and/or life cycle.
2
Rev. F 2/06
APPLICATION NOTES
CURRENT LIMITING:
INPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION:
The MSK 5042 is equipped with a pair of sense pins that are
used to sense the load current using an external resistor (Rs).
The current-limit circuit resets the main PWM latch and turns off
the internal high-side MOSFET switch whenever the voltage difference between Sense High and Sense Low exceeds 100mV.
This limiting occurs in both current flow directions, putting the
threshold limit at ±100mV. The tolerance on the positive current limit is ±20%. The external low-value sense resistor must
be sized for 80mV/Rs to guarantee enough load capacity. Load
components must be designed to withstand continuous current
stresses of 120mV/Rs.
For very high-current applications, it may be useful to wire
the sense inputs with a twisted pair instead of PCB traces. This
twisted pair needn't be anything unique, perhaps two pieces of
wire-wrap wire twisted together. Low inductance current sense
resistors, such as metal film surface mount styles are best.
The MSK 5042 has an internal high frequency ceramic capacitor (0.1uF) between VIN and GND. Connect a low-ESR
bulk capacitor directly to the input pin of the MSK 5042. Select the bulk input filter capacitor according to input ripplecurrent requirements and voltage rating, rather than capacitor
value. Electrolytic capacitors that have low enough ESR to
meet the ripple-current requirement invariably have more than
adequate capacitance values. Aluminum-electrolytic capacitors are preferred over tantalum types, which could cause powerup surge-current failure when connecting to robust AC adapters or low-impedance batteries. RMS input ripple current is
determined by the input voltage and load current, with the
worst possible case occuring at VIN = 2 x VOUT:
SOFT START/Cton:
The internal soft-start circuitry allows a gradual increase of
the internal current-limit level at start-up for the purpose of reducing input surge currents, and possibly for power-supply sequencing. In Disable mode, the soft-start circuit holds the Cton
capacitor discharged to ground. When Enable goes high, a 4µA
current source charges the Cton capacitor up to 3.2V. The resulting linear ramp causes the internal current-limit threshold to
increase proportionally from 20mV to 100mV. The output capacitors charge up relatively slowly, depending on the Cton capacitor value. The exact time of the output rise depends on
output capacitance and load current and is typically 1mS per
nanofarad of soft-start capacitance. With no capacitor connected,
maximum current limit is reached typically within 10µS.
IRMS = ILOAD X √VOUT(VIN-VOUT)
VIN
OUTPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION:
The output capacitor values are generally determined by
the ESR and voltage rating requirements rather than capacitance requirements for stability. Low ESR capacitors that meet
the ESR requirement usually have more output capacitance than
required for stability. Only specialized low-ESR capacitors intended for switching-regulator applications, such as AVX TPS,
Sprague 595D, Sanyo OS-CON, Nichicon PL series or Kemet
T510 series should be used. The capacitor must meet minimum capacitance and maximum ESR values as given in the
following equations:
CF > 2.5V(1 + VOUT/VIN(MIN))
VOUT x RSENSE x f
ENABLE FUNCTION:
The MSK 5042 is enabled by applying a logic level high to
the Enable pin. A logic level low will disable the device and
quiescent input current will reduce to approximately 2mA. The
Enable threshold voltage is 1V. If automatic start up is required,
simply connect the pin to VIN. Maximum Enable voltage is +36V.
RESR < RSENSE x VOUT
2.5V
These equations provide 45 degrees of phase margin to
ensure jitter-free fixed-frequency operation and provide a damped
output response for zero to full-load step changes. Lower quality capacitors can be used if the load lacks large step changes.
Bench testing over temperature is recommended to verify acceptable noise and transient response. As phase margin is
reduced, the first symptom is timing jitter, which shows up in
the switching waveforms. Technically speaking, this typically
harmless jitter is unstable operation, since the switching frequency is non-constant. As the capacitor ESR is increased,
the jitter becomes worse. Eventually, the load-transient waveform has enough ringing on it that the peak noise levels exceed
the output voltage tolerance. With zero phase margin and instability present, the output voltage noise never gets much
worse than IPEAK x RESR (under constant loads). Designers of
industrial temperature range digital systems can usually multiply the calculated ESR value by a factor of 1.5 without hurting
stability or transient response.
The output ripple is usually dominated by the ESR of the
filter capacitors and can be approximated as IRIPPLE x RESR.
Including the capacitive term, the full equation for ripple in the
continuous mode is VNOISE(p-p)=IRIPPLE x (RESR + 1/(2πfC)). In
idle mode, the inductor current becomes discontinuous with
high peaks and widely spaced pulses, so the noise can actually
be higher at light load compared to full load. In idle mode, the
output ripple can be calculated as follows:
POWER DISSIPATION:
In high current applications, it is very important to ensure
that both MOSFETS are within their maximum junction temperature at high ambient temperatures. Temperature rise can
be calculated based on package thermal resistance and worst
case dissipation for each MOSFET. These worst case dissipations occur at minimum voltage for the high side MOSFET and
at maximum voltage for the low side MOSFET.
Calculate power dissipation using the following formulas:
Pd (upper FET)=ILOAD² x RDS x DUTY
+ VIN x ILOAD x f x VIN x CRSS+20ns
I GATE
Pd (lower FET)=ILOAD² x RDS x (1-DUTY)
DUTY= (VOUT+VQ2)
(VIN-VQ1)
Where: VQ1 or VQ2 (on state voltage drop)=ILOAD x RDS
RDS=0.060Ω MAX at 25°C
CRSS=94pF
RDS=0.120Ω MAX at 150°C
IGATE=1A
During output short circuit, Q2, the synchronous-rectifier
MOSFET, will have an increased duty factor and will see additional stress. This can be calculated by:
Q2 DUTY=1VQ2
VIN(MAX)-VQ1
Where: VQ1 or VQ2=(120MV/RSENSE) x RDS
VNOISE(p-p)= 0.02 x RESR + 0.0003 x 6.4µH x [1/VOUT + 1/(VIN-VOUT)]
RSENSE
(RSENSE)² x C
3
Rev. F 2/06
APPLICATION NOTES CONT'D
RF HIGH:
It is very important that the DC voltage returned to the RF high pin from the output be as noise and oscillation free as possible.
This voltage helps to determine the final output and therefore must be a clean voltage. Excessive noise or oscillation can cause the
device to have an incorrect output voltage. Proper PC board layout techniques can help to achieve a noise free voltage at the RF
high pin.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT:
The MSK 5042 has a user adjustable output voltage through the use of the AMP OUT and REF IN pins. The output voltage can
be adjusted from 1.2 volts to 5.5 volts with 2 external resistors or an external potentiometer. Refer to the following formula for
resistor divider selection:
VOUT = 5.762 - 6.5
(
R1
R1+R2
)
It is possible to use a 20KΩ potentiometer between pin 9 and ground with the center tap tied to pin 6. This will allow
adjustment of the output voltage across the entire 1.2V to 5.5V range.
MODES OF OPERATION:
Under heavy loads, the MSK 5042 operates in full PWM mode. Each pulse from the oscillator sets the internal PWM latch that
turns on the high-side MOSFET. As the high-switch turns off, the synchronous rectifier latch is set. 60ns later the low-side
MOSFET turns on until the start of the next clock cycle or until the inductor current crosses zero. Under fault conditions the current
exceeds the ±100mV current-limit threshold and the high-side switch turns off.
At light loads the inductor current does not exceed the 30mV threshold set by the minimum-current comparator. When this
occurs, the MSK 5042 goes into idle mode, skipping most of the oscillator pulses in order to reduce the switching frequency and
cut back gate-charge losses. The oscillator is gated off at light loads because the minimum-current comparator immediately resets
the high-side latch at the start of each cycle. Refer to Table 1 for the operational characteristics.
TABLE 1
OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
ENABLE
LOAD
DESCRIPTION
0
X
DEVICE DISABLED
1
LOW <10%
PULSE SKIPPING MODE DISCONTINUOUS INDUCTOR CURRENT
1
MED <30%
PULSE SKIPPING MODE CONTINUOUS INDUCTOR CURRENT
1
HIGH >30%
CONSTANT FREQ. PWM MODE CONTINUOUS INDUCTOR CURRENT
TYPICAL 2.5V APPLICATION CIRCUIT
4
Rev. F 2/06
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
5
Rev. F 2/06
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
ESD Triangle indicates Pin 1.
Weight=15 Grams Typical
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE ±0.010 INCHES UNLESS OTHERWISE LABELED.
ORDERING INFORMATION
MSK5042 H G
LEAD FORM OPTION
BLANK=STRAIGHT; G=GULL WING
SCREENING
BLANK= INDUSTRIAL; E = EXTENDED RELIABILITY
H= MIL-PRF-38534 CLASS H
GENERAL PART NUMBER
6
Rev. F 2/06
MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS CONTINUED
ESD Triangle indicates Pin 1.
Weight=15 Grams Typical
NOTE: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE ±0.010 INCHES UNLESS OTHERWISE LABELED.
ORDERING INFORMATION
MSK5042 H
LEAD FORM OPTION
BLANK=STRAIGHT; G=GULL WING
SCREENING
BLANK= INDUSTRIAL; E = EXTENDED RELIABILITY
H= MIL-PRF-38534 CLASS H
GENERAL PART NUMBER
M.S. Kennedy Corp.
4707 Dey Road, Liverpool, New York 13088
Phone (315) 701-6751
FAX (315) 701-6752
www.mskennedy.com
The information contained herein is believed to be accurate at the time of printing. MSK reserves the right to make
changes to its products or specifications without notice, however, and assumes no liability for the use of its products.
Please visit our website for the most recent revision of this datasheet.
Contact MSK for MIL-PRF-38534 qualification status.
7
Rev. F 2/06