Maxim MAX4512CPE Quad, rail-to-rail, fault-protected, spst analog switch Datasheet

19-4760; Rev 0; 6/98
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are quad, singlepole/single-throw (SPST), fault-protected analog switches. They are pin-compatible with the industry-standard
nonprotected DG201/DG202/DG213. These new switches feature fault-protected inputs and Rail-to-Rail® signal
handling capability. The normally open (NO_) and
normally closed (NC_) terminals are protected from
overvoltage faults up to 36V during power-up or
power-down. During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_
terminal becomes an open circuit and only nanoamperes
of leakage current flow from the source, but the switch
output (COM_) furnishes up to 10mA of the appropriate
polarity supply voltage to the load. This ensures unambiguous rail-to-rail outputs when a fault begins and ends.
On-resistance is 175Ω max and is matched between
switches to 10Ω max. The off-leakage current is only
0.5nA at +25°C and 10nA at +85°C.
The MAX4511 has four normally closed switches. The
MAX4512 has four normally open switches. The
MAX4513 has two normally closed and two normally
open switches.
These CMOS switches can operate with dual power
supplies ranging from ±4.5V to ±18V or a single supply
between +9V and +36V.
All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring both TTL- and CMOS-logic compatibility
when using ±15V or a single +12V supply.
Applications
ATE Equipment
Data Acquisition
Industrial and Process-Control Systems
Avionics
Redundant/Backup Systems
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP. RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX4511CPE
0°C to +70°C
16 Plastic DIP
MAX4511CSE
0°C to +70°C
16 Narrow SO
MAX4511C/D
0°C to +70°C
Dice*
MAX4511EPE
-40°C to +85°C
16 Plastic DIP
MAX4511ESE
-40°C to +85°C
16 Narrow SO
MAX4511MJE
-55°C to +125°C
16 CERDIP
Features
♦ ±40V Fault Protection with Power Off
±36V Fault Protection with ±15V Supplies
♦ All Switches Off with Power Off
♦ Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling
♦ Output Clamped to Appropriate Supply Voltage
During Fault Condition; No Transition Glitch
♦ 175Ω max Signal Paths with ±15V Supplies
♦ No Power-Supply Sequencing Required
♦ ±4.5V to ±18V Dual Supplies
+9V to +36V Single Supply
♦ Low Power Consumption, <2mW
♦ Four Separately Controlled SPST Switches
♦ Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard
DG411/DG412/DG413, DG201/DG202/DG213
♦ TTL- and CMOS-Compatible Logic Inputs with
Single +9V to +15V or ±15V Supplies
Pin Configurations/
Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
TOP VIEW
IN1
1
16
IN2
COM1
2
15
COM2
NC1
3
14
NC2
V-
4
13
V+
GND
5
12
N.C.
NC4
6
11
NC3
COM4
7
10
COM3
IN4
8
9
MAX4511
IN3
DIP/SO
MAX4511
LOGIC
SWITCH
0
1
ON
OFF
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.
*Contact factory for dice specifications.
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED
SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT.
ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
Continued at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800.
For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
General Description
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) (Note 2)
Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C) ...........842mW
Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C) .............696mW
CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) ................800mW
Operating Temperature Ranges
MAX451_C_ E ......................................................0°C to +70°C
MAX451_E_ E ...................................................-40°C to +85°C
MAX451_MJE .................................................-55°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C
(Voltages Referenced to GND)
V+ ........................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V
V- .........................................................................-44.0V to +0.3V
V+ to V-................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V
COM_, IN_ (Note 1) ..............................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V)
NC_, NO_ (Note 2)..................................(V+ - 36V) to (V- + 36V)
NC_, NO_ to COM_ .................................................-36V to +36V
Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................±30mA
Peak Current into Any Terminal
(pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle)...................................±50mA
Note 1: COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes.
Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating.
Note 2: NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These
limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or ±40V with V+ = V- = 0.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TA
MIN
TYP
(Note 3)
MAX
UNITS
ANALOG SWITCH
Fault-Protected Analog
Signal Range
VNO_, VNC_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 2)
C, E, M
-36
36
V
Fault-Free Analog Signal Range
VNO_, VNC_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 2)
C, E, M
V-
V+
V
VCOM_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 1)
C, E, M
V- - 0.3
V+ + 0.3
V
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_
On-Resistance
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_
On-Resistance Match Between
Channels (Note 4)
NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current
(Note 5)
2
+25°C
RON
VCOM_ = ±10V, ICOM_ = 1mA
125
INO_(OFF),
INC_(OFF)
COM_ Off Leakage Current
(Note 5)
ICOM_(OFF)
COM_ On Leakage Current
(Note 5)
ICOM_(ON)
VCOM_ = ±10V, ICOM_ = 1mA
VCOM_ = ±14V;
VNO_, VCOM = 14V
VCOM_ = ±14V;
VNO_, VCOM = 14V
VCOM_ = ±14V
160
C, E
200
M
250
+25°C
∆RON
±
Non-Protected Analog
Signal Range (COM_ Output)
±
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
3
6
C, E
10
M
15
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-10
0.01
Ω
Ω
0.5
10
M
-200
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-10
10
M
-200
200
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-20
20
M
-400
400
nA
200
0.01
0.01
_______________________________________________________________________________________
0.5
nA
0.5
nA
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TA
MIN
TYP
(Note 3)
MAX
UNITS
FAULT (V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, unless otherwise noted.)
ICOM_
NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage
Current, Supplies On
INO_, INC_
NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage
Current, Supplies Off
INO_, INC_
COM_ On Output Current,
Supplies On
ICOM_
COM_ On Output Resistance,
Supplies On
RCOM_
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±33V
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±25V,
VCOM_ = 10V
±
COM_ Output Leakage Current,
Supplies On
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±40V,
V+ = 0, V- = 0
VNO_ or VNC_ = 33V
VNO_ or VNC_ = -33V
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±33V
+25°C
-10
10
C, E
-200
200
nA
M
-1
1
µA
+25°C
C, E
-20
-200
20
200
nA
M
-10
10
µA
+25°C
C, E
-20
-200
0.1
20
200
nA
M
-10
10
µA
8
11
13
-12
-10
-7
1
2.5
+25°C
+25°C
C, E, M
3
mA
kΩ
LOGIC
LOGIC INPUT
INPUT
IN_ Input Logic Threshold High
VIN_H
C, E, M
IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low
VIN_L
C, E, M
0.8
1.9
+25°C
-1
0.03
C, E, M
-5
IN_ Input Current Logic High
or Low
IINH_, IINL
VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V
1.9
2.4
V
V
1
5
µA
SWITCH
SWITCH DYNAMIC
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTurn-On Time
tON
Turn-Off Time
tOFF
Break-Before-Make Time
Delay (MAX4513 Only)
tBBM
Charge Injection (Note 6)
Q
NO_ or NC_ Off-Capacitance
VCOM_ = ±10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 2
VCOM_ = ±10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 2
+25°C
350
500
C, E
600
M
900
+25°C
200
400
C, E
500
M
750
VCOM_ = ±10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 3
+25°C
CL = 1.0nF, VNO_ = 0,
RS = 0Ω, Figure 4
+25°C
1.5
50
ns
100
ns
ns
5
pC
CN_(OFF)
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
10
pF
COM_ Off-Capacitance
CCOM_(OFF)
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
5
pF
COM_ On-Capacitance
CCOM_(ON)
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
10
pF
VCISO
RL = 50Ω, CL = 15pF,
VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
+25°C
-62
dB
VCT
RL = 50Ω, CL = 15pF,
VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
+25°C
-66
dB
Off Isolation (Note 7)
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk
(Note 9)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued)
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued)
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TA
MIN
TYP MAX
(Note 3)
UNITS
POWER SUPPLY
Power-Supply Range
V+, V-
C,E, M
V+ Supply Current
I+
All VIN_ = 0 or 5V
V- Supply Current
I-
All VIN_ = 0 or 5V
All VIN_ = 0 or 15V
GND Supply Current
IGND
All VIN_ = 5V
All VIN_ = 0 or 15V
4
±4.5
+25°C
±18
280
C, E, M
600
+25°C
90
C, E, M
+25°C
200
300
-1
0.01
C, E, M
+25°C
400
1
10
150
C, E, M
_______________________________________________________________________________________
250
450
V
µA
µA
µA
µA
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TA
MIN
TYP MAX
(Note 3)
UNITS
ANALOG SWITCH
Fault-Protected Analog
Signal Range
VNO_, VNC_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 2)
C, E, M
-36
36
V
Fault-Free Analog Signal Range
VNO_, VNC_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 2)
C, E, M
0
V+
V
Non-Protected Analog
Signal Range (COM_ Output)
VCOM_
Applies with power on or off
(Note 1)
C, E, M
-0.3
V+ + 0.3
V
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_
On-Resistance
RON
V+ = 12V, VCOM_ = 10V,
ICOM_ = 1mA
COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_
On-Resistance Match Between
Channels (Note 4)
∆RON
NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current
(Notes 5, 9)
ION_(OFF),
INC_(OFF)
V+ = 12V; VCOM_ = 10V;
VNO_, VNC = 0 or 12V
COM_ Off Leakage Current
(Notes 5, 9)
ICOM_(OFF)
V+ = 12V; VCOM _ = 0;
VNO_, VNC_ = 12V
COM_ On Leakage Current
(Notes 5, 9)
ICOM_(ON)
V+ = 12V, VCOM_ = 10V,
ICOM_ = 1mA
V+ = 12V,
VCOM_ = 10V or 12V
+25°C
260
C, E
390
450
M
Ω
525
+25°C
4
10
C, E
20
M
30
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-10
0.01
10
M
-200
200
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-10
10
M
-200
200
+25°C
-0.5
C, E
-20
20
M
-400
400
0.01
0.01
Ω
0.5
nA
0.5
nA
0.5
nA
FAULT
COM_ Output Leakage
Current, Supply On
NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage
Current, Supply On
NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage
Current, Supply Off
COM_ Output Current,
Supply On
COM_ Output Resistance,
Supply On
ICOM_
INO_, INC_
INO_, INC_
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±30V,
V+ = 12V
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±25V,
VCOM_ = 0, V+ = 12V
VNO_ or VNC_ = ±40V,
V+ = 0, V- = 0
+25°C
-10
10
C, E
-200
200
M
-1
1
+25°C
-20
20
C, E
-200
200
µA
nA
M
-10
+25°C
-20
C, E
-200
200
10
µA
3
5
mA
2.4
5
kΩ
M
-10
ICOM_
VNO_ or VNC_ = 25V,
V+ = 12V
+25°C
2
RCOM_
VNO_ or VNC_ = 10V
V+ = 12V
+25°C
10
nA
0.1
20
µA
nA
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +12V Supply
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single +12V Supply (continued)
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TA
MIN
TYP
MAX
(Note 3)
UNITS
LOGIC INPUT
IN_ Input Logic Threshold High
VIN_H
C, E, M
IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low
VIN_L
C, E, M
0.8
1.8
+25°C
-1
0.03
C, E, M
-5
IN_ Input Current Logic High
or Low
IIN_H, IIN_L
VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V
1.8
2.4
V
V
1
5
µA
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS
+25°C
500
1000
Turn-On Time
tON
VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 2
C, E, M
Turn-Off Time
tOFF
VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 2
C, E, M
Break-Before-Make Time
Delay (MAX4513 Only)
tBBM
VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2kΩ,
Figure 3
+25°C
Charge Injection (Note 6)
Q
CL = 1.0nF, VNO_ = 0,
RS = 0Ω, Figure 4
+25°C
1
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
9
pF
+25°C
9
pF
NO_ or NC_ Off Capacitance
CN_ (OFF)
1500
+25°C
400
900
1200
50
100
ns
ns
ns
5
pC
COM_ Off Capacitance
CCOM_ (OFF)
VCOM_ = GND, f = 1MHz,
Figure 5
COM_ On Capacitance
CCOM_ (ON)
VCOM_ = VNO_ = GND,
f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
22
pF
Off Isolation (Note 7)
VISO
RL = 50Ω, CL = 15pF,
VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
+25°C
-62
dB
Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk
(Note 8)
VCT
RL = 50Ω, CL = 15pF,
VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 5
+25°C
-65
dB
POWER SUPPLY
Power-Supply Range
V+ Supply Current
V+
I+
C,E, M
All VIN_ = 0 or 5V
All VIN_ = 0 or 12V
V- and GND Supply Current
IGND
All VIN_ = 5V
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Note 6:
Note 7:
Note 8:
Note 9:
6
+25°C
9
36
150
C, E, M
+25°C
450
50
C, E, M
+25°C
300
100
200
150
C, E, M
300
V
µA
µA
µA
450
COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes.
Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating.
NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These
limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or ±40V with V+ = V- = 0.
The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column.
∆RON = ∆RON(MAX) - ∆RON(MIN).
Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum rated hot temperature and guaranteed by correlation at TA = +25°C.
Guaranteed by design.
Off isolation = 20 log10 [ VCOM_ / (VNC_ or VNO_) ], VCOM_ = output, VNC_ or VNO_ = input to off switch.
Between any two switches.
Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND
TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES)
V+ = +10V
V- = -10V
200
150
100
V+ = +15V
V- = -15V
50
V+ = +20V
V- = -20V
120
100
80
60
TA = -55°C
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
40
V- = 0
V+ = +5V
V+ = +15V
V+ = +20V
V+ = +24V
V+ = +12V
V+ = +30V
V+ = +15V
V- = -15V
100
-15
20
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
0
5
10
15
20
25
VCOM (V)
VCOM (V)
VCOM (V)
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM
AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY)
ID(ON), IS(OFF), AND ID(OFF)
LEAKAGES vs. TEMPERATURE
CHARGE INJECTION
vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES)
ICOM(OFF) @VNO = -14V,
VCOM = +14V
10n
300
LEAKAGE (A)
TA = +25°C TA = -40°C
250
200
150
1n
10
ICOM(ON) @VNO
= VCOM = -14V
ICOM(ON) @VNO
= VCOM = +14V
100p
50
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0
25
50
75
-10
-5
0
5
10
VCOM (V)
ON AND OFF TIMES
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
ON AND OFF TIMES
vs. TEMPERATURE
POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
600
500
400
tOFF
(SINGLE
SUPPLY)
300
200
tOFF
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
400
300
200
5
10
15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (±V)
20
400
100
15
IV+
300
IGND
200
IV-
tOFF
100
0
0
500
tON
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
700
500
tON, tOFF (ns)
tON
(SINGLE SUPPLY)
600
MAX4511-08
600
MAX4511-07
tON
(DUAL SUPPLIES)
0
-15
100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C)
900
100
-25
VCOM (V)
1000
800
-50
SINGLE +12V
SUPPLY
0
1p
0
6
2
INO(OFF) @VNO = +14V,
VCOM = -14V
V+ = +12V
DUAL ±15V
SUPPLIES
8
4
INO(OFF) @VNO = -14V,
VCOM = +14V
10p
V+ = +15V
V- = -15V
12
ICOM(OFF) @VNO = +14V,
VCOM = -14V
TA = -55°C
100
14
MAX4511-06
100n
30
MAX4511-09
350
TA = +85°C
Q (pC)
TA = +125°C
MAX4511-04
400
tON, tOFF (ns)
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
1000
MAX4511-02
140
0
-20
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
160
20
0
TA = +85°C
SWITCH ON-RESISITANCE (Ω)
V+ = +12V
V- = -12V
TA = +125°C
MAX4511-05
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
250
180
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE (Ω)
V+ = +5V
V- = -5V
300
200
MAX4511-01
350
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE
vs. VCOM (SINGLE SUPPLY)
MA4511-03
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE
vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES)
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD vs. V+
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2.0
80
60
OFF LOSS
LOSS (dB)
-40
1.5
1.0
40
-50
20
-60
0
-70
-20
-80
-40
ON PHASE
-90
0
-60
-100
-80
-110
-100
-120
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
V+ (V)
120
100
ON LOSS
-20
-30
0.5
-120
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
Detailed Description
Overview of Traditional
Fault-Protected Switches
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
1, 16,
9, 8
IN1–IN4
Logic Control Digital Inputs
2, 15,
10, 7
COM1–
COM4
Analog Switch Common* Terminals
3, 14, NO1–NO4 Analog Switch Fault-Protected Normally
or
11, 6 NC1–NC4 Open* or Normally Closed* Terminals
4
V-
Negative Analog Supply Voltage Input.
Connect to GND for single-supply operation.
5
GND
Ground. Connect to digital ground. (Analog
signals have no ground reference.)
12
N.C.
No Connection—not internally connected
13
V+
Positive Analog and Digital Supply-Voltage
Input. Internally connected to substrate.
*As long as the voltage on NO_ or NC_ does not exceed V+ or
V-, NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals
pass equally well in either direction.
8
-10
PHASE (DEGREES)
2.5
MAX186-14A
0
MAX4511-10
3.0
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD (V)
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are fault-protected
CMOS analog switches with unusual operation and
construction. Traditional fault-protected switches are
constructed by three series FETs. This produces good
off characteristics, but fairly high on-resistance when
the signals are within about 3V of each supply rail. As
the voltage on one side of the switch approaches within about 3V of either supply rail (a fault condition), the
switch impedance becomes higher, limiting the output
signal range (on the protected side of the switch) to
approximately 3V less than the appropriate polarity
supply voltage.
During a fault condition, the output current that flows
from the protected side of the switch into its load
comes from the fault source on the other side of the
switch. If the switch is open or the load is extremely
high impedance, the input current will be very low. If
the switch is on and the load is low impedance,
enough current will flow from the source to maintain the
load voltage at 3V less than the supply.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
NORMALLY OPEN SWITCH CONSTRUCTION
V+
P2
HIGH
FAULT
P1
COM_
NO_
(NC_)
N1
LOW
FAULT
ON
IN_
GND
N2
V-ESD DIODE
NC SWITCH
Figure 1. Block Diagram
Overview of MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 differ considerably
from traditional fault-protection switches, with several
advantages. First, they are constructed with two parallel FETs, allowing very low on-resistance when the
switch is on. Second, they allow signals on the NC_ or
NO_ pins that are within or slightly beyond the supply
rails to be passed through the switch to the COM terminal, allowing rail-to-rail signal operation. Third, when a
signal on NC_ or NO_ exceeds the supply rails by
about 50mV (a fault condition), the voltage on COM_ is
limited to the appropriate polarity supply voltage.
Operation is identical for both fault polarities. The faultprotection extends to ±36V from GND.
During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_ input pin
becomes high impedance regardless of the switch
state or load resistance. If the switch is on, the COM_
output current is furnished from the V+ or V- pin by
“booster” FETs connected to each supply pin. These
FETs can typically source or sink up to 10mA.
When power is removed, the fault protection is still in
effect. In this case, the NO_ or NC_ terminals are a virtual open circuit. The fault can be up to ±40V.
The COM_ pins are not fault protected; they act as normal CMOS switch pins. If a voltage source is connected to any COM_ pin, it should be limited to the supply
voltages. Exceeding the supply voltage will cause high
currents to flow through the ESD protection diodes,
possibly damaging the device (see Absolute Maximum
Ratings).
Pin Compatibility
These switches have identical pinouts to common nonfault-protected CMOS switches. Care should be exercised in considering them for direct replacements in
existing printed circuit boards, however, since only the
NO_ and NC_ pins of each switch are fault protected.
Internal Construction
Internal construction is shown in Figure 1, with the analog signal paths shown in bold. A single normally open
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
(NO) switch is shown; the normally closed (NC) configuration is identical except the logic-level translator
becomes an inverter. The analog switch is formed by
the parallel combination of N-channel FET N1 and Pchannel FET P1, which are driven on and off simultaneously according to the input fault condition and the
logic-level state.
Normal Operation
Two comparators continuously compare the voltage on
the NO_ (or NC_) pin with V+ and V-. When the signal
on NO_ or NC_ is between V+ and V- the switch acts
normally, with FETs N1 and P1 turning on and off in
response to IN_ signals. The parallel combination of
N1 and P1 forms a low-value resistor between NO_ (or
NC_) and COM_ so that signals pass equally well in
either direction.
COM_ and IN_ Pins
FETs N2 and P2 can source about ±10mA from V+ or Vto the COM_ pin in the fault condition. Ensure that if the
COM_ pin is connected to a low-resistance load, the
absolute maximum current rating of 30mA is never
exceeded, both in normal and fault conditions.
The GND, COM_, and IN_ pins do not have fault protection. Reverse ESD-protection diodes are internally connected between GND, COM_, IN_ and both V+ and V-. If
a signal on GND, COM_, or IN_ exceeds V+ or V- by
more than 300mV, one of these diodes will conduct
heavily. During normal operation these reverse-biased
ESD diodes leak a few nanoamps of current to V+ and V-.
Fault-Protection Voltage and Power Off
The maximum fault voltage on the NC_ or NO_ pins is
±36V with power applied and ±40V with power off.
Positive Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V+ by about
50mV, the high-fault comparator output is high, turning
off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin
high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the
switch state is “off”, all FETs are turned off and both
NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the
switch state is “on”, FET P2 is turned on, sourcing current from V+ to COM_.
Negative Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V- by about
50mV, the low-fault comparator output is high, turning
off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin
high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the
switch state is “off,” all FETs are turned off and both
NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the
switch state is “on,” FET N2 is turned on, sinking current from COM_ to V-.
Transient Fault Response and Recovery
When a fast rise-time and fall-time transient on IN_
exceeds V+ or V-, the output (COM_) follows the input
(IN_) to the supply rail with only a few nanoseconds
delay. This delay is due to the switch on-resistance and
circuit capacitance to ground. When the input transient
returns to within the supply rails, however, there is a
longer output recovery time delay. For positive faults, the
recovery time is typically 3.5µs. For negative faults, the
recovery time is typically 1.3µs. These values depend on
the COM_ output resistance and capacitance, and are
not production tested or guaranteed. The delays are not
dependent on the fault amplitude. Higher COM_ output
resistance and capacitance increase recovery times.
10
Failure Modes
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are not lightning
arrestors or surge protectors.
Exceeding the fault-protection voltage limits on NO_ or
NC_, even for very short periods, can cause the device
to fail. The failure modes may not be obvious, and failure in one switch may or may not affect other switches
in the same package.
Ground
There is no connection between the analog signal
paths and GND. The analog signal paths consist of an
N-channel and P-channel MOSFET with their sources
and drains paralleled and their gates driven out of
phase to V+ and V- by the logic-level translators.
V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level
translators and set the input logic thresholds. The logiclevel translators convert the logic levels to switched V+
and V- signals to drive the gates of the analog switches. This drive signal is the only connection between the
power supplies and the analog signals. GND, IN_, and
COM_ have ESD-protection diodes to V+ and V-.
IN_ Logic-Level Thresholds
The logic-level thresholds are CMOS and TTL compatible when V+ is +15V. As V+ is raised the threshold
increases slightly, and when V+ reaches 25V the level
threshold is about 2.8V—above the TTL output high
level minimum of 2.4V, but still compatible with CMOS
outputs (see Typical Operating Characteristics).
Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds,
but it does increase the gate-drive voltage to the signal
FETs, reducing their on-resistance.
______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
Single Supply
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate from a single supply between +9V and +36V when V- is connected to GND.
High-Frequency Performance
20MHz, the on-response has several minor peaks that
are highly layout dependent. The problem with high-frequency operation is not turning the switch on, but turning it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and
passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At
10MHz, off isolation is about -42dB in 50Ω systems,
becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as
frequency increases. Higher circuit impedances also
make off isolation worse. Adjacent channel attenuation
is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket and is due
entirely to capacitive coupling.
In 50Ω systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to
50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Above
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
V+
V+
V+
NO_ OR NC_
VIN_
+10V
50%
0V
VIN_
IN_
MAX4511
MAX4512
MAX4513 COM_
GND
50Ω
V-
+10V
90%
VOUT
2k
VOUT
10pF
90%
0V
V-
tON
tOFF
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 2. Switch Turn-On/Turn-Off Times
V+
VIN_
VIN_
V+
50Ω
tR < 5ns
tF < 5ns
V+
IN_
NO_
IN_
NC_
+10V
50%
0V
VNO_, VNC_
MAX4513
COM_
80%
VOUT
COM_
GND
V2k
V-
10pF
VOUT
0V
tOPEN
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 3. MAX4513 Break-Before-Make Interval
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Bipolar Supplies
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate with bipolar
supplies between ±4.5V and ±18V. The V+ and V- supplies need not be symmetrical, but their difference can
not exceed the absolute maximum rating of 44V.
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
V+
V+
V+
VIN_
IN_
50Ω
NO_ OR NC_
VIN_
0V
MAX4511
MAX4512
MAX4513
VOUT
CL
1000pF
COM_
GND
V-
V-
∆ VOUT
VOUT
∆ VOUT IS THE MEASURED VOLTAGE DUE TO CHARGETRANSFER ERROR Q WHEN THE CHANNEL TURNS OFF.
Q = ∆ VOUT x CL
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 4. Charge Injection
V+
V+
NO_
V+
ADDRESS SELECT
IN_
MAX4511
MAX4512
MAX4513
GND
NC_
COM_
1MHz
CAPACITANCE
ANALYZER
V-
VV- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 5. COM_, NO_, NC_ Capacitance
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
V+ 10nF
NETWORK
ANALYZER
V+
VIN
50Ω
50Ω
COM_
IN_
ADDRESS SELECT
MAX4511
MAX4512
MAX4513
VOUT
NO_, NC_
V-
GND
MEAS.
REF.
50Ω
OFF ISOLATION = 20 log
VOUT
VIN
ON LOSS = 20 log
VOUT
VIN
CROSSTALK = 20 log
VOUT
VIN
50Ω
10nF
V-
MEASUREMENTS ARE STANDARDIZED AGAINST SHORT AT SOCKET TERMINALS.
OFF ISOLATION IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND “OFF” NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS.
ON LOSS IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND “ON” NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS.
CROSSTALK IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ TERMINALS WITH ALL SWITCHES ON.
SIGNAL DIRECTION THROUGH SWITCH IS REVERSED; WORST VALUES ARE RECORDED.
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 6. Frequency Response, Off Isolation, and Crosstalk
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables (continued)
TOP VIEW
IN1
1
16 IN2
COM1
2
15 COM2
NO1
3
14 NO2
V-
4
GND
5
NO4
6
COM4
7
IN4
8
13 V+
MAX4512
12 N.C.
11 NO3
10 COM3
9
IN3
IN1
1
16 IN2
COM1
2
15 COM2
NO1
3
14 NC2
V-
4
GND
5
0
1
OFF
ON
12 N.C.
NO4
6
11 NC3
COM4
7
10 COM3
IN4
8
9
IN3
DIP/SO
DIP/SO
MAX4512
LOGIC
SWITCH
13 V+
MAX4513
LOGIC
0
1
MAX4513
SWITCHES
1, 4
SWITCHES
2, 3
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED
SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC “0” INPUT.
ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Chip Topographies
MAX4511
NC1 COM1
IN1 IN2
COM2
NC2
V+
V-
0.138"
(3.51mm)
GND
Ordering Information (continued)
PART
MAX4512CPE
MAX4512CSE
MAX4512C/D
MAX4512EPE
MAX4512ESE
MAX4512MJE
MAX4513CPE
MAX4513CSE
MAX4513C/D
MAX4513EPE
MAX4513ESE
MAX4513MJE
TEMP. RANGE
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
0°C to +70°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-55°C to +125°C
PIN-PACKAGE
16 Plastic DIP
16 Narrow SO
Dice*
16 Plastic DIP
16 Narrow SO
16 CERDIP
16 Plastic DIP
16 Narrow SO
Dice*
16 Plastic DIP
16 Narrow SO
16 CERDIP
* Contact factory for dice specifications.
NC4
NC3
COM4
IN4 IN3 COM3
0.086"
(2.261mm)
MAX4513
MAX4512
NO1 COM1
NO1 COM1 IN1 IN2 COM2 NO2
IN1 IN2 COM2 NC2
V+
V+
V-
0.138"
(3.51mm)
GND
NO4 COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 NO3
0.086"
(2.261mm)
V-
0.138"
(3.51mm)
GND
NO4 COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 NC3
0.086"
(2.261mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 139
SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO: V+
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
PDIPN.EPS
SOICN.EPS
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
________________________________________________________Package Information
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected,
SPST Analog Switches
CDIPS.EPS
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Package Information (continued)
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 1998 Maxim Integrated Products
Printed USA
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.