To all our customers Regarding the change of names mentioned in the document, such as Mitsubishi Electric and Mitsubishi XX, to Renesas Technology Corp. The semiconductor operations of Hitachi and Mitsubishi Electric were transferred to Renesas Technology Corporation on April 1st 2003. These operations include microcomputer, logic, analog and discrete devices, and memory chips other than DRAMs (flash memory, SRAMs etc.) Accordingly, although Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Mitsubishi Semiconductors, and other Mitsubishi brand names are mentioned in the document, these names have in fact all been changed to Renesas Technology Corp. Thank you for your understanding. Except for our corporate trademark, logo and corporate statement, no changes whatsoever have been made to the contents of the document, and these changes do not constitute any alteration to the contents of the document itself. Note : Mitsubishi Electric will continue the business operations of high frequency & optical devices and power devices. Renesas Technology Corp. Customer Support Dept. April 1, 2003 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER DESCRIPTION ●Clock generating circuit ..................................... Built-in 2 circuits (connect to external ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator) ●Power source voltage In high-speed mode .................................................. 4.0 to 5.5 V (at 8 MHz oscillation frequency) In high-speed mode .................................................. 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 4 MHz oscillation frequency) In middle-speed mode ............................................... 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 8 MHz oscillation frequency) In low-speed mode .................................................... 2.7 to 5.5 V (at 32 kHz oscillation frequency) ●Power dissipation In high-speed mode .......................................................... 34 mW (at 8 MHz oscillation frequency, at 5 V power source voltage) In low-speed mode ............................................................ 60 µW (at 32 kHz oscillation frequency, at 3 V power source voltage) ●Operating temperature range .................................... –20 to 85°C The 7516 group (Spec. H) is the 8-bit microcomputer based on the 740 family core technology. The 7516 group (Spec. H) is designed for the household products and office automation equipment and includes serial I/O functions, 8-bit timer, A-D converter, and I2C-BUS interface. FEATURES P07 P10/(LED0) P11/(LED1) P12/(LED2) 25 24 23 P06 27 26 P04 P05 P03/SRDY2 Office automation equipment, FA equipment, Household products, Consumer electronics, etc. 28 P02/SCLK2 31 30 APPLICATION 29 P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 33 PIN CONFIGURATION (TOP VIEW) 32 ●Basic machine-language instructions ...................................... 71 ●Minimum instruction execution time .................................. 0.5 µs (at 8 MHz oscillation frequency) ●Memory size ROM ............................................................... 16 K to 24 K bytes RAM ................................................................... 512 to 640 bytes ●Programmable input/output ports ............................................ 36 ●Interrupts ................................................. 17 sources, 16 vectors ●Timers ............................................................................. 8-bit ✕ 4 ●Serial I/O1 ................... 8-bit ✕ 1 (UART or Clock-synchronized) ●Serial I/O2 ................................... 8-bit ✕ 1(Clock-synchronized) ●Multi-master I2C-BUS interface (option) ...................... 1 channel ●PWM ............................................................................... 8-bit ✕ 1 ●A-D converter ............................................... 10-bit ✕ 6 channels ●Watchdog timer ............................................................ 16-bit ✕ 1 P35/AN5 34 22 P13/(LED3) P34/AN4 35 21 P14/(LED4) P33/AN3 36 20 P15/(LED5) P32/AN2 37 19 P16/(LED6) P31/AN1 38 18 P17/(LED7) P30/AN0 39 17 VSS VCC 40 16 XOUT VREF 41 15 XIN AVSS 42 14 RESET P45 43 13 P20/XCOUT P44/INT3/PWM 44 12 P21/XCIN 10 11 P23/SCL1 CNVSS P25/SCL2/TXD P22/SDA1 7 P26/SCLK1 9 6 P27/CNTR0/SRDY1 P24/SDA2/RXD 5 P40/CNTR1 8 3 4 2 P42/INT1 P41/INT0 1 P43/INT2/SCMP2 M37516MXH-XXXKP Package type : 44PJX-A Fig. 1 M37516MXH-XXXKP pin configuration 2 Fig.2 Functional block diagram 16 15 XCOUT XCIN AVSS VREF 41 42 (10) converter A-D Watchdog timer PWM (8) Reset Sub-clock output Sub-clock input Clock generating circuit XOUT Main-clock output XIN Main-clock input I/O port P3 I/O port P4 P3(6) 34 35 36 37 38 39 INT0– INT3 ROM 17 VSS 43 44 1 2 3 4 P4(6) RAM FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM PC H SI/O1(8) CPU 40 VCC PS PC L S Y X A I2C(8) CNTR0 11 14 I/O port P1 I/O port P2 P1(8) 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 XCIN XCOUT Timer Y (8) Timer X (8) Timer 2 (8) Timer 1 (8) 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 P2(8) CNTR1 Prescaler Y (8) Prescaler X (8) Prescaler 12 (8) CNVSS RESET Reset input I/O port P0 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 P0(8) SI/O2(8) MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER FUNCTIONAL BLOCK MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 1 Pin description Pin VCC, VSS CNVSS Name Functions Power source CNVSS input •Apply voltage of 2.7 V – 5.5 V to Vcc, and 0 V to Vss. Reference voltage input Analog power source input Reset input Clock input •Reference voltage input pin for A-D converter. Function except a port function •This pin controls the operation mode of the chip. •Normally connected to VSS. VREF AVss RESET XIN XOUT Clock output P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 P02/SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 I/O port P0 •Analog power source input pin for A-D converter. •Connect to Vss. •Reset input pin for active “L”. •Input and output pins for the clock generating circuit. •Connect a ceramic resonator or quartz-crystal oscillator between the XIN and XOUT pins to set the oscillation frequency. •When an external clock is used, connect the clock source to the XIN pin and leave the XOUT pin open. • Serial I/O2 function pin •8-bit CMOS I/O port. •I/O direction register allows each pin to be individually programmed as either input or output. P04–P07 P10–P17 I/O port P1 P20/XCOUT P21/XCIN I/O port P2 P22/SDA1 P23/SCL1 P24/SDA2/RxD P25/SCL2/TxD •CMOS compatible input level. •CMOS 3-state output structure. •P10 to P17 (8 bits) are enabled to output large current for LED drive. • Sub-clock generating circuit I/O •8-bit CMOS I/O port. pins (connect a resonator) •I/O direction register allows each pin to be individually • I2C-BUS interface function pins programmed as either input or output. •CMOS compatible input level. •P22 to P25 can be switched between CMOS compatible input level or SMBUS input level in the I2C-BUS interface function. P26/SCLK •P20, P21, P24 to P27: CMOS 3-state output structure. P27/CNTR0/ SRDY1 •P24, P25: N-channel open-drain structure in the I2CBUS interface function. P30/AN0– P35/AN5 I/O port P3 P40/CNTR1 I/O port P4 •P22, P23: N-channel open-drain structure. •8-bit CMOS I/O port with the same function as port P0. • I2C-BUS interface function pin/ Serial I/O1 function pins • Serial I/O1 function pin • Serial I/O1 function pin/ Timer X function pin • A-D converter input pin •CMOS compatible input level. •CMOS 3-state output structure. P41/INT0 P42/INT1 P43/INT2/SCMP2 P44/INT3/PWM P45 •8-bit CMOS I/O port with the same function as port P0. •CMOS compatible input level. • Timer Y function pin • Interrupt input pins •CMOS 3-state output structure. • Interrupt input pin/SCMP2 output pin • Interrupt input pin/PWM output pin 3 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER PART NUMBERING Product name M37516 M 6 H– XXX KP Package type KP : 44PJX-A ROM number Omitted in One Time PROM version shipped in blank and flash memory version. – : standard Omitted in One Time PROM version shipped in blank and flash memory version. H– : Partial specification changed version ROM/PROM size 9 : 36864 bytes 1 : 4096 bytes A: 40960 bytes 2 : 8192 bytes B: 45056 bytes 3 : 12288 bytes C: 49152 bytes 4 : 16384 bytes D: 53248 bytes 5 : 20480 bytes E: 57344 bytes 6 : 24576 bytes F : 61440 bytes 7 : 28672 bytes 8 : 32768 bytes The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of ROM are reserved areas ; they cannot be used as a user’s ROM area. Memory type M : Mask ROM version E : One Time PROM version Differences of functions Fig. 3 Part numbering 4 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER GROUP EXPANSION Mitsubishi plans to expand the 7516 group (Spec. H) as follows. Memory Type Support for mask ROM and One Time PROM versions. Memory Size Mask ROM size ................................................. 16 K to 24 K bytes One Time PROM size ..................................................... 24 K bytes RAM size .............................................................. 512 to 640 bytes Packages 44PJX-A ............................................... 44-pin plastic-molded QFN Memory Expansion Plan ROM size (bytes) As of Oct. 2002 ROM exteranal 32K 28K AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA Mass production 24K 20K M37516M6H/E6H Mass production 16K 12K M37516M4H 8K 384 512 640 768 896 1024 1152 RAM size (bytes) 1280 1408 1536 2048 Fig. 4 Memory expansion plan 5 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Currently planning products are listed below. Table 2 Support products 6 As of Oct. 2002 Product name ROM size (bytes) ROM size for User in ( ) RAM size (bytes) M37516M4H-XXXKP 16384 (16254) 512 M37516M6H-XXXKP M37516E6HKP 24576 (24446) Package 44PJX-A 640 Remarks Mask ROM version One Time PROM version (blank) MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) [Stack Pointer (S)] The 7516 group (Spec. H) uses the standard 740 Family instruction set. Refer to the table of 740 Family addressing modes and machine instructions or the 740 Family Software Manual for details on the instruction set. Machine-resident 740 Family instructions are as follows: The FST and SLW instructions cannot be used. The STP, WIT, MUL, and DIV instructions can be used. [Accumulator (A)] The accumulator is an 8-bit register. Data operations such as data transfer, etc., are executed mainly through the accumulator. [Index Register X (X)] The index register X is an 8-bit register. In the index addressing modes, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register X and specifies the real address. [Index Register Y (Y)] The stack pointer is an 8-bit register used during subroutine calls and interrupts. This register indicates start address of stored area (stack) for storing registers during subroutine calls and interrupts. The low-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the contents of the stack pointer. The high-order 8 bits of the stack address are determined by the stack page selection bit. If the stack page selection bit is “0” , the high-order 8 bits becomes “0016”. If the stack page selection bit is “1”, the high-order 8 bits becomes “0116”. The operations of pushing register contents onto the stack and popping them from the stack are shown in Figure 6. Store registers other than those described in Figure 6 with program when the user needs them during interrupts or subroutine calls. [Program Counter (PC)] The program counter is a 16-bit counter consisting of two 8-bit registers PC H and PCL . It is used to indicate the address of the next instruction to be executed. The index register Y is an 8-bit register. In partial instruction, the value of the OPERAND is added to the contents of register Y and specifies the real address. b0 b7 A Accumulator b0 b7 X Index register X b0 b7 Y b7 Index register Y b0 S b15 b7 Stack pointer b0 PCL PCH b7 Program counter b0 N V T B D I Z C Processor status register (PS) Carry flag Zero flag Interrupt disable flag Decimal mode flag Break flag Index X mode flag Overflow flag Negative flag Fig. 5 740 Family CPU register structure 7 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER On-going Routine Interrupt request (Note) M (S) Execute JSR Push return address on stack M (S) (PCH) (S) (S) – 1 M (S) (PCL) (S) (S)– 1 (S) M (S) (S) M (S) (S) Subroutine POP return address from stack (S) + 1 (PCL) M (S) (S) (S) + 1 (PCH) M (S) (S) – 1 (PCL) Push return address on stack (S) – 1 (PS) Push contents of processor status register on stack (S) – 1 Interrupt Service Routine Execute RTS (S) (PCH) I Flag is set from “0” to “1” Fetch the jump vector Execute RTI Note: Condition for acceptance of an interrupt (S) (S) + 1 (PS) M (S) (S) (S) + 1 (PCL) M (S) (S) (S) + 1 (PCH) M (S) POP contents of processor status register from stack POP return address from stack Interrupt enable flag is “1” Interrupt disable flag is “0” Fig. 6 Register push and pop at interrupt generation and subroutine call Table 3 Push and pop instructions of accumulator or processor status register 8 Push instruction to stack Pop instruction from stack Accumulator PHA PLA Processor status register PHP PLP MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [Processor status register (PS)] The processor status register is an 8-bit register consisting of 5 flags which indicate the status of the processor after an arithmetic operation and 3 flags which decide MCU operation. Branch operations can be performed by testing the Carry (C) flag , Zero (Z) flag, Overflow (V) flag, or the Negative (N) flag. In decimal mode, the Z, V, N flags are not valid. •Bit 0: Carry flag (C) The C flag contains a carry or borrow generated by the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) immediately after an arithmetic operation. It can also be changed by a shift or rotate instruction. •Bit 1: Zero flag (Z) The Z flag is set if the result of an immediate arithmetic operation or a data transfer is “0”, and cleared if the result is anything other than “0”. •Bit 2: Interrupt disable flag (I) The I flag disables all interrupts except for the interrupt generated by the BRK instruction. Interrupts are disabled when the I flag is “1”. •Bit 3: Decimal mode flag (D) The D flag determines whether additions and subtractions are executed in binary or decimal. Binary arithmetic is executed when this flag is “0”; decimal arithmetic is executed when it is “1”. Decimal correction is automatic in decimal mode. Only the ADC and SBC instructions can be used for decimal arithmetic. •Bit 4: Break flag (B) The B flag is used to indicate that the current interrupt was generated by the BRK instruction. The BRK flag in the processor status register is always “0”. When the BRK instruction is used to generate an interrupt, the processor status register is pushed onto the stack with the break flag set to “1”. •Bit 5: Index X mode flag (T) When the T flag is “0”, arithmetic operations are performed between accumulator and memory. When the T flag is “1”, direct arithmetic operations and direct data transfers are enabled between memory locations. •Bit 6: Overflow flag (V) The V flag is used during the addition or subtraction of one byte of signed data. It is set if the result exceeds +127 to -128. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 6 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the overflow flag. •Bit 7: Negative flag (N) The N flag is set if the result of an arithmetic operation or data transfer is negative. When the BIT instruction is executed, bit 7 of the memory location operated on by the BIT instruction is stored in the negative flag. Table 4 Set and clear instructions of each bit of processor status register C flag Set instruction Clear instruction I flag SEC Z flag _ SEI CLC _ CLI D flag T flag V flag SED B flag _ SET _ N flag _ CLD _ CLT CLV _ 9 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [CPU Mode Register (CPUM)] 003B16 The CPU mode register contains the stack page selection bit, etc. The CPU mode register is allocated at address 003B16. b7 b0 1 CPU mode register (CPUM : address 003B16) Processor mode bits b1 b0 0 0 : Single-chip mode 0 1: 1 0: Not available 1 1: Stack page selection bit 0 : 0 page 1 : 1 page Fix this bit to “1”. Port XC switch bit 0 : I/O port function (stop oscillating) 1 : XCIN–XCOUT oscillating function Main clock (XIN–XOUT) stop bit 0 : Oscillating 1 : Stopped Main clock division ratio selection bits b7 b6 0 0 : φ = f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode) 0 1 : φ = f(XIN)/8 (middle-speed mode) 1 0 : φ = f(XCIN)/2 (low-speed mode) 1 1 : Not available Fig. 7 Structure of CPU mode register 10 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER MEMORY Special Function Register (SFR) Area Interrupt Vector Area The interrupt vector area contains reset and interrupt vectors. The Special Function Register area in the zero page contains control registers such as I/O ports and timers. Zero Page RAM Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the zero page addressing mode. RAM is used for data storage and for stack area of subroutine calls and interrupts. Special Page ROM Access to this area with only 2 bytes is possible in the special page addressing mode. The first 128 bytes and the last 2 bytes of ROM are reserved for device testing and the rest is user area for storing programs. Product name M37516M4H M37516M6H/E6H RAM size 512 bytes 640 bytes ROM size 16 Kbytes 24 Kbytes Address XXXX16 023F16 02BF16 Zero page 010016 XXXX16 Reserved area 044016 ROM area ROM size (bytes) 16384 24576 SFR area 004016 RAM RAM area RAM size (bytes) 512 640 000016 Address YYYY16 C00016 A00016 Address ZZZZ16 C08016 A08016 Not used YYYY16 Reserved ROM area (128 bytes) ZZZZ16 ROM FF0016 Special page FFDC16 Interrupt vector area FFFE16 FFFF16 Reserved ROM area Fig. 8 Memory map diagram 11 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER 000016 Port P0 (P0) 002016 Prescaler 12 (PRE12) 000116 Port P0 direction register (P0D) 002116 Timer 1 (T1) 000216 Port P1 (P1) 002216 Timer 2 (T2) 000316 Port P1 direction register (P1D) 002316 Timer XY mode register (TM) 000416 Port P2 (P2) 002416 Prescaler X (PREX) 000516 Port P2 direction register (P2D) 002516 Timer X (TX) 000616 Port P3 (P3) 002616 Prescaler Y (PREY) 000716 Port P3 direction register (P3D) 002716 Timer Y (TY) 000816 Port P4 (P4) 002816 Timer count source selection register (TCSS) 000916 Port P4 direction register (P4D) 002A16 000B16 002B16 I2C data shift register (S0) 000C16 002C16 I2C address register (S0D) 000D16 002D16 I2C status register (S1) 000E16 002E16 I2C control register (S1D) 000F16 002F16 I2C clock control register (S2) 001016 003016 I2C start/stop condition control register (S2D) 003116 Reserved ✽ 001116 001216 Reserved ✽ 003216 001316 Reserved ✽ 003316 001416 Reserved ✽ 003416 A-D control register (ADCON) 001516 Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1) 003516 A-D conversion low-order register (ADL) 001616 Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2) 003616 A-D conversion high-order register (ADH) 001716 Serial I/O2 register (SIO2) 003716 001816 Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) 003816 001916 Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS) 003916 Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) 001A16 Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON) 003A16 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) MISRG 001B16 UART control register (UARTCON) 003B16 CPU mode register (CPUM) 001C16 Baud rate generator (BRG) 003C16 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) 001D16 PWM control register (PWMCON) 003D16 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) 001E16 PWM prescaler (PREPWM) 003E16 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) 001F16 PWM register (PWM) 003F16 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) ✽ Reserved : Do not write any data to the reserved area. Fig. 9 Memory map of special function register (SFR) 12 002916 000A16 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER I/O PORTS The I/O ports have direction registers which determine the input/ output direction of each individual pin. Each bit in a direction register corresponds to one pin, and each pin can be set to be input port or output port. When “0” is written to the bit corresponding to a pin, that pin becomes an input pin. When “1” is written to that bit, that pin becomes an output pin. If data is read from a pin which is set to output, the value of the port output latch is read, not the value of the pin itself. Pins set to input are floating. If a pin set to input is written to, only the port output latch is written to and the pin remains floating. Table 5 I/O port function Pin P00/SIN2 P01/SOUT2 P02/SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 Name Input/Output Port P0 Input/output, individual bits I/O Structure CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output Non-Port Function Related SFRs Serial I/O2 function I/O Serial I/O2 control register (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Sub-clock generating circuit CPU mode register CMOS compatible input level CMOS/SMBUS input level (when selecting I2C-BUS interface function) N-channel open-drain output CMOS compatible input level CMOS/SMBUS input level (when selecting I2C-BUS interface function) CMOS 3-state output N-channel open-drain output (when selecting I2C-BUS interface function) I2C-BUS interface function I/O I2C control register (6) (7) (8) (9) I2C-BUS interface function I/O I2C control register Serial I/O1 control register (10) (11) CMOS compatible input level CMOS 3-state output Serial I/O1 function I/O Serial I/O1 control register Serial I/O1 control register Timer XY mode register A-D control register (12) Timer XY mode register Interrupt edge selection register Interrupt edge selection register Serial I/O2 control register Interrupt edge selection register PWM control register (15) P04–P07 P10–P17 Port P1 P20/XCOUT P21/XCIN Port P2 P22/SDA1 P23/SCL1 P24/SDA2/RxD P25/SCL2/TxD P26/SCLK P27/CNTR0/ SRDY1 Serial I/O1 function I/O Serial I/O1 function I/O Timer X function I/O P30/AN0– P35/AN5 Port P3 A-D conversion input P40/CNTR1 P41/INT0 P42/INT1 Port P4 Timer Y function I/O P43/INT2/SCMP2 External interrupt input External interrupt input SCMP2 output P44/INT3/PWM External interrupt input PWM output P45 Ref.No. (13) (14) (16) (17) (18) (5) 13 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER (1) Port P00 (2) Port P01 P01/SOUT2 P-channel output disable bit Direction register Serial I/O2 transmit completion signal Serial I/O2 port selection bit Data bus Direction register Port latch Data bus Port latch Serial I/O2 input Serial I/O2 output (3) Port P02 P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit (4) Port P03 Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit Serial I/O2 port selection bit SRDY2 output enable bit Direction register Direction register Data bus Data bus Port latch Port latch Serial I/O2 ready output Serial I/O2 clock output Serial I/O2 external clock input (5) Ports P04–P07, P1, P45 (6) Port P20 Port XC switch bit Direction register Data bus Port latch Direction register Data bus Port latch Oscillator Port P21 Port XC switch bit (8) Port P22 (7) Port P21 Port XC switch bit I2C-BUS interface enable bit SDA/SCL pin selection bit Direction register Data bus Direction register Port latch Data bus Port latch Sub-clock generating circuit input SDA output SDA input Fig. 10 Port block diagram (1) 14 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER (10) Port P24 (9) Port P23 I2C-BUS interface enable bit SDA/SCL pin selection bit I2C-BUS interface enable bit SDA/SCL pin selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Receive enable bit Direction register Data bus Direction register Port latch Data bus Port latch SDA output SCL output SCL input (12) Port P26 (11) Port P25 P-channel output disable bit Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Transmit enable bit I2C-BUS interface enable bit SDA/SCL pin selection bit Serial I/O1 mode selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit Direction register Data bus SDA input Serial I/O1 input Direction register Port latch Data bus SCL input Serial I/O1 output Port latch Serial I/O1 clock output External clock input SCL output (13) Port P27 (14) Ports P30–P35 Pulse output mode Serial I/O1 mode selection bit Serial I/O1 enable bit SRDY1 output enable bit Direction register Direction register Data bus Port latch Data bus Port latch Pulse output mode A-D converter input Serial ready output CNTR0 interrupt input Analog input pin selection bit Timer output (16) Ports P41, P42 (15) Port P40 Direction register Data bus Direction register Data bus Port latch Pulse output mode Timer output Port latch Interrupt input CNTR1 interrupt input Fig. 11 Port block diagram (2) 15 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER (17) Port P43 (18) Port P44 PWM output enable bit Serial I/O2 input/output comparison signal control bit Direction register Direction register Data bus Data bus Port latch Port latch PWM output Serial I/O2 input/output comparison signal output Interrupt input Interrupt input Fig. 12 Port block diagram (3) 16 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER INTERRUPTS ■Notes Interrupts occur by 17 sources among 17 sources: seven external, nine internal, and one software. When setting the followings, the interrupt request bit may be set to “1”. •When setting external interrupt active edge Related register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) I2C start/stop condition control register (address 3016) Timer XY mode register (address 2316) •When switching interrupt sources of an interrupt vector address where two or more interrupt sources are allocated Related register: Interrupt edge selection register (address 3A16) When not requiring for the interrupt occurrence synchronized with these setting, take the following sequence. ➀Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁Set the interrupt edge select bit or the interrupt source select bit. ➂Set the corresponding interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃Set the corresponding interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). Interrupt Control Each interrupt is controlled by an interrupt request bit, an interrupt enable bit, and the interrupt disable flag except for the software interrupt set by the BRK instruction. An interrupt occurs if the corresponding interrupt request and enable bits are “1” and the interrupt disable flag is “0”. Interrupt enable bits can be set or cleared by software. Interrupt request bits can be cleared by software, but cannot be set by software. The BRK instruction cannot be disabled with any flag or bit. The I (interrupt disable) flag disables all interrupts except the BRK instruction interrupt. When several interrupts occur at the same time, the interrupts are received according to priority. Interrupt Operation By acceptance of an interrupt, the following operations are automatically performed: 1. The contents of the program counter and the processor status register are automatically pushed onto the stack. 2. The interrupt disable flag is set and the corresponding interrupt request bit is cleared. 3. The interrupt jump destination address is read from the vector table into the program counter. 17 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 6 Interrupt vector addresses and priority Vector Addresses (Note 1) Interrupt Source Priority High Low 1 FFFD16 FFFC16 Reset (Note 2) Interrupt Request Generating Conditions Remarks At reset Non-maskable INT0 2 FFFB16 FFFA16 At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT0 input External interrupt (active edge selectable) SCL, SDA 3 FFF916 FFF816 At detection of either rising or falling edge of SCL or SDA input External interrupt (active edge selectable) INT1 4 FFF716 FFF616 At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT1 input External interrupt (active edge selectable) INT2 5 FFF516 FFF416 At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT2 input External interrupt (active edge selectable) At detection of either rising or falling edge of INT3 input At completion of serial I/O2 data reception/transmission External interrupt (active edge selectable) Switch by Serial I/O2/INT3 interrupt source bit At completion of data transfer At timer X underflow At timer Y underflow At timer 1 underflow STP release timer underflow INT3 6 FFF316 7 8 9 FFF116 FFF016 FFEF16 FFED16 10 11 FFEB16 FFE916 FFEE16 FFEC16 FFEA16 FFE816 Serial I/O1 reception 12 FFE716 FFE616 At completion of serial I/O1 data reception Valid when serial I/O1 is selected Serial I/O1 transmission 13 FFE516 FFE416 At completion of serial I/O1 transfer shift or when transmission buffer is empty Valid when serial I/O1 is selected CNTR0 14 FFE316 FFE216 At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR0 input External interrupt (active edge selectable) CNTR1 15 FFE116 FFE016 At detection of either rising or falling edge of CNTR1 input External interrupt (active edge selectable) A-D converter BRK instruction 16 17 FFDF16 FFDD16 FFDE16 FFDC16 At completion of A-D conversion At BRK instruction execution Non-maskable software interrupt Serial I/O2 I 2C Timer X Timer Y Timer 1 Timer 2 FFF216 At timer 2 underflow Notes 1: Vector addresses contain interrupt jump destination addresses. 2: Reset function in the same way as an interrupt with the highest priority. 18 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Interrupt request bit Interrupt enable bit Interrupt disable flag (I) BRK instruction Reset Interrupt request Fig. 13 Interrupt control b7 b0 Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE : address 003A16) INT0 active edge selection bit INT1 active edge selection bit 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active INT2 active edge selection bit INT3 active edge selection bit Serial I/O2 / INT3 interrupt source bit 0 : INT3 interrupt selected 1 : Serial I/O2 interrupt selected Not used (returns “0” when read) b7 b0 Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1 : address 003C16) b7 b0 Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2 : address 003D16) Timer 1 interrupt request bit Timer 2 interrupt request bit Serial I/O1 reception interrupt request bit Serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit CNTR0 interrupt request bit CNTR1 interrupt request bit AD converter interrupt request bit Not used (returns “0” when read) INT0 interrupt request bit SCL/SDA interrupt request bit INT1 interrupt request bit INT2 interrupt request bit INT3 / Serial I/O2 interrupt request bit I2C interrupt request bit Timer X interrupt request bit Timer Y interrupt request bit 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued 0 : No interrupt request issued 1 : Interrupt request issued b7 b0 b7 Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1 : address 003E16) INT0 interrupt enable bit SCL/SDA interrupt enable bit INT1 interrupt enable bit INT2 interrupt enable bit INT3 / Serial I/O2 interrupt enable bit I2C interrupt enable bit Timer X interrupt enable bit Timer Y interrupt enable bit 0 : Interrupts disabled 1 : Interrupts enabled b0 Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2 : address 003F16) Timer 1 interrupt enable bit Timer 2 interrupt enable bit Serial I/O1 reception interrupt enable bit Serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit CNTR0 interrupt enable bit CNTR1 interrupt enable bit AD converter interrupt enable bit Not used (returns “0” when read) (Do not write “1” to this bit.) 0 : Interrupts disabled 1 : Interrupts enabled Fig. 14 Structure of interrupt-related registers 19 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER TIMERS Timer X and Timer Y The 7516 group (Spec. H) has four timers: timer X, timer Y, timer 1, and timer 2. The division ratio of each timer or prescaler is given by 1/(n + 1), where n is the value in the corresponding timer or prescaler latch. All timers are count down. When the timer reaches “0016”, an underflow occurs at the next count pulse and the corresponding timer latch is reloaded into the timer and the count is continued. When a timer underflows, the interrupt request bit corresponding to that timer is set to “1”. Timer X and Timer Y can each select in one of four operating modes by setting the timer XY mode register. b0 b7 Timer XY mode register (TM : address 002316) Timer X operating mode bits b1b0 0 0: Timer mode 0 1: Pulse output mode 1 0: Event counter mode 1 1: Pulse width measurement mode CNTR0 active edge selection bit 0: Interrupt at falling edge Count at rising edge in event counter mode 1: Interrupt at rising edge Count at falling edge in event counter mode Timer X count stop bit 0: Count start 1: Count stop Timer Y operating mode bits b5b4 0 0: Timer mode 0 1: Pulse output mode 1 0: Event counter mode 1 1: Pulse width measurement mode CNTR1 active edge selection bit 0: Interrupt at falling edge Count at rising edge in event counter mode 1: Interrupt at rising edge Count at falling edge in event counter mode Timer Y count stop bit 0: Count start 1: Count stop Fig. 15 Structure of timer XY mode register b7 The timer counts the count source selected by Timer count source selection bit. (2) Pulse Output Mode The timer counts the count source selected by Timer count source selection bit. Whenever the contents of the timer reach “0016”, the signal output from the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) pin is inverted. If the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) active edge selection bit is “0”, output begins at “ H”. If it is “1”, output starts at “L”. When using a timer in this mode, set the corresponding port P27 ( or port P40) direction register to output mode. (3) Event Counter Mode Operation in event counter mode is the same as in timer mode, except that the timer counts signals input through the CNTR0 or CNTR1 pin. When the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) active edge selection bit is “0”, the rising edge of the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) pin is counted. When the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) active edge selection bit is “1”, the falling edge of the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) pin is counted. (4) Pulse Width Measurement Mode If the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) active edge selection bit is “0”, the timer counts the selected signals by the count source selection bit while the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) pin is at “H”. If the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) active edge selection bit is “1”, the timer counts it while the CNTR0 (or CNTR1) pin is at “L”. The count can be stopped by setting “1” to the timer X (or timer Y) count stop bit in any mode. The corresponding interrupt request bit is set each time a timer underflows. ■Note b0 Timer count source selection register (TCSS : address 002816) Timer X count source selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) 1 : f(XIN)/2 (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Timer Y count source selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) 1 : f(XIN)/2 (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Timer 12 count source selection bit 0 : f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) 1 : f(XCIN) Not used (returns “0” when read) Fig. 16 Structure of timer count source selection register Timer 1 and Timer 2 The count source of prescaler 12 is the oscillation frequency which is selected by timer 12 count source selection bit. The output of prescaler 12 is counted by timer 1 and timer 2, and a timer underflow sets the interrupt request bit. 20 (1) Timer Mode When switching the count source by the timer 12, X and Y count source bits, the value of timer count is altered in unconsiderable amount owing to generating of a thin pulses in the count input signals. Therefore, select the timer count source before set the value to the prescaler and the timer. When timer X/timer Y underflow while executing the instruction which sets “1” to the timer X/timer Y count stop bits, the timer X/ timer Y interrupt request bits are set to “1”. Timer X/Timer Y interrupts are received if these interrupts are enabled at this time. The timing which interrupt is accepted has a case after the instruction which sets “1” to the count stop bit, and a case after the next instruction according to the timing of the timer underflow. When this interrupt is unnecessary, set “0” (disabled) to the interrupt enable bit and then set “1” to the count stop bit. MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Data bus f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) Prescaler X latch (8) f(XIN)/2 Pulse width (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Timer X count source selection bit measurement mode Timer mode Pulse output mode Prescaler X (8) CNTR0 active edge selection bit “0 ” P27/CNTR0/SRDY1 Event counter mode “1 ” Timer X (8) To timer X interrupt request bit Timer X count stop bit To CNTR0 interrupt request bit CNTR0 active edge selection “1” bit “0 ” Q Toggle flip-flop T Q R Timer X latch write pulse Pulse output mode Port P27 latch Port P27 direction register Timer X latch (8) Pulse output mode Data bus f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) Prescaler Y latch (8) f(XIN)/2 (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Timer Y count source selection bit Pulse width measurement mode Timer mode Pulse output mode Prescaler Y (8) CNTR1 active edge selection bit “0” P40/CNTR1 Event counter mode “1 ” Port P40 direction register Timer Y (8) To timer Y interrupt request bit Timer Y count stop bit To CNTR1 interrupt request bit CNTR1 active edge selection “1” bit Q Toggle flip-flop T Q Port P40 latch Timer Y latch (8) “0” R Timer Y latch write pulse Pulse output mode Pulse output mode Data bus Prescaler 12 latch (8) f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 at low-speed mode) f(XCIN) Prescaler 12 (8) Timer 1 latch (8) Timer 2 latch (8) Timer 1 (8) Timer 2 (8) To timer 2 interrupt request bit Timer 12 count source selection bit To timer 1 interrupt request bit Fig. 17 Block diagram of timer X, timer Y, timer 1, and timer 2 21 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER SERIAL I/O ●SERIAL I/O1 (1) Clock Synchronous Serial I/O Mode Clock synchronous serial I/O mode can be selected by setting the serial I/O1 mode selection bit of the serial I/O1 control register (bit 6 of address 001A16) to “1”. For clock synchronous serial I/O, the transmitter and the receiver must use the same clock. If an internal clock is used, transfer is started by a write signal to the TB/RB. Serial I/O1 can be used as either clock synchronous or asynchronous (UART) serial I/O. A dedicated timer is also provided for baud rate generation. Data bus Serial I/O1 control register Address 001816 Receive buffer register Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive shift register P24/RXD Address 001A16 Receive interrupt request (RI) Shift clock Clock control circuit P26/SCLK XIN Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit Frequency division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator 1/4 Address 001C16 BRG count source selection bit 1/4 P27/SRDY1 F/F Clock control circuit Falling-edge detector Shift clock P25/TXD Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) Transmit shift register Transmit buffer register Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Serial I/O1 status register Address 001916 Address 001816 Data bus Fig. 18 Block diagram of clock synchronous serial I/O1 Transfer shift clock (1/2 to 1/2048 of the internal clock, or an external clock) Serial output TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Serial input RxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Receive enable signal SRDY1 Write pulse to receive/transmit buffer register (address 001816) TBE = 0 TBE = 1 TSC = 0 RBF = 1 TSC = 1 Overrun error (OE) detection Notes 1: As the transmit interrupt (TI), either when the transmit buffer has emptied (TBE=1) or after the transmit shift operation has ended (TSC=1), by setting the transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) of the serial I/O1 control register. 2: If data is written to the transmit buffer register when TSC=0, the transmit clock is generated continuously and serial data is output continuously from the TxD pin. 3: The receive interrupt (RI) is set when the receive buffer full flag (RBF) becomes “1” . Fig. 19 Operation of clock synchronous serial I/O1 function 22 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER (2) Asynchronous Serial I/O (UART) Mode two buffers have the same address in memory. Since the shift register cannot be written to or read from directly, transmit data is written to the transmit buffer register, and receive data is read from the receive buffer register. The transmit buffer register can also hold the next data to be transmitted, and the receive buffer register can hold a character while the next character is being received. Clock asynchronous serial I/O mode (UART) can be selected by clearing the serial I/O1 mode selection bit (b6) of the serial I/O1 control register to “0”. Eight serial data transfer formats can be selected, and the transfer formats used by a transmitter and receiver must be identical. The transmit and receive shift registers each have a buffer, but the Data bus Address 001816 P24/RXD Serial I/O1 control register Address 001A16 Receive buffer full flag (RBF) Receive interrupt request (RI) OE Receive buffer register Character length selection bit ST detector 7 bits Receive shift register 1/16 8 bits PE FE SP detector Clock control circuit UART control register Address 001B16 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit P26/SCLK XIN BRG count source selection bit Frequency division ratio 1/(n+1) Baud rate generator Address 001C16 1/4 ST/SP/PA generator 1/16 Transmit shift register P25/TXD Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) Transmit interrupt source selection bit Transmit interrupt request (TI) Character length selection bit Transmit buffer register Address 001816 Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) Serial I/O1 status register Address 001916 Data bus Fig. 20 Block diagram of UART serial I/O1 23 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Transmit or receive clock Transmit buffer write signal TBE=0 TSC=0 TBE=1 Serial output TXD TBE=0 TBE=1 ST D0 D1 SP TSC=1 ST D0 Receive buffer read signal SP D1 1 start bit 7 or 8 data bit 1 or 0 parity bit 1 or 2 stop bit (s) Generated at 2nd bit in 2-stop-bit mode RBF=0 RBF=1 Serial input RXD ST D0 D1 SP RBF=1 ST D0 D1 SP Notes 1: Error flag detection occurs at the same time that the RBF flag becomes “1” (at 1st stop bit, during reception). 2: As the transmit interrupt (TI), when either the TBE or TSC flag becomes “1,” can be selected to occur depending on the setting of the transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) of the serial I/O1 control register. 3: The receive interrupt (RI) is set when the RBF flag becomes “1.” 4: After data is written to the transmit buffer when TSC=1, 0.5 to 1.5 cycles of the data shift cycle is necessary until changing to TSC=0. Fig. 21 Operation of UART serial I/O1 function [Transmit Buffer Register/Receive Buffer Register (TB/RB)] 001816 The transmit buffer register and the receive buffer register are located at the same address. The transmit buffer is write-only and the receive buffer is read-only. If a character bit length is 7 bits, the MSB of data stored in the receive buffer is “0”. [Serial I/O1 Status Register (SIOSTS)] 001916 The read-only serial I/O1 status register consists of seven flags (bits 0 to 6) which indicate the operating status of the serial I/O1 function and various errors. Three of the flags (bits 4 to 6) are valid only in UART mode. The receive buffer full flag (bit 1) is cleared to “0” when the receive buffer register is read. If there is an error, it is detected at the same time that data is transferred from the receive shift register to the receive buffer register, and the receive buffer full flag is set. A write to the serial I/O1 status register clears all the error flags OE, PE, FE, and SE (bit 3 to bit 6, respectively). Writing “0” to the serial I/O1 enable bit SIOE (bit 7 of the serial I/O1 control register) also clears all the status flags, including the error flags. Bits 0 to 6 of the serial I/O1 status register are initialized to “0” at reset, but if the transmit enable bit (bit 4) of the serial I/O1 control register has been set to “1”, the transmit shift completion flag (bit 2) and the transmit buffer empty flag (bit 0) become “1”. 24 [Serial I/O1 Control Register (SIOCON)] 001A16 The serial I/O1 control register consists of eight control bits for the serial I/O1 function. [UART Control Register (UARTCON)] 001B16 The UART control register consists of four control bits (bits 0 to 3) which are valid when asynchronous serial I/O is selected and set the data format of an data transfer and one bit (bit 4) which is always valid and sets the output structure of the P25/TXD pin. [Baud Rate Generator (BRG)] 001C16 The baud rate generator determines the baud rate for serial transfer. The baud rate generator divides the frequency of the count source by 1/(n + 1), where n is the value written to the baud rate generator. MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER b7 b0 Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS : address 001916) b7 Transmit buffer empty flag (TBE) 0: Buffer full 1: Buffer empty Receive buffer full flag (RBF) 0: Buffer empty 1: Buffer full Transmit shift completion flag (TSC) 0: Transmit shift in progress 1: Transmit shift completed Overrun error flag (OE) 0: No error 1: Overrun error Parity error flag (PE) 0: No error 1: Parity error Framing error flag (FE) 0: No error 1: Framing error Summing error flag (SE) 0: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=0 1: (OE) U (PE) U (FE)=1 Not used (returns “1” when read) b7 b0 UART control register (UARTCON : address 001B16) Character length selection bit (CHAS) 0: 8 bits 1: 7 bits b0 Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON : address 001A16) BRG count source selection bit (CSS) 0: f(XIN) 1: f(XIN)/4 Serial I/O1 synchronous clock selection bit (SCS) 0: BRG output divided by 4 when clock synchronous serial I/O1 is selected, BRG output divided by 16 when UART is selected. 1: External clock input when clock synchronous serial I/O1 is selected, external clock input divided by 16 when UART is selected. SRDY1 output enable bit (SRDY) 0: P27 pin operates as ordinary I/O pin 1: P27 pin operates as SRDY1 output pin Transmit interrupt source selection bit (TIC) 0: Interrupt when transmit buffer has emptied 1: Interrupt when transmit shift operation is completed Transmit enable bit (TE) 0: Transmit disabled 1: Transmit enabled Receive enable bit (RE) 0: Receive disabled 1: Receive enabled Serial I/O1 mode selection bit (SIOM) 0: Clock asynchronous (UART) serial I/O 1: Clock synchronous serial I/O Serial I/O1 enable bit (SIOE) 0: Serial I/O1 disabled (pins P24 to P27 operate as ordinary I/O pins) 1: Serial I/O1 enabled (pins P24 to P27 operate as serial I/O1 pins) Parity enable bit (PARE) 0: Parity checking disabled 1: Parity checking enabled Parity selection bit (PARS) 0: Even parity 1: Odd parity Stop bit length selection bit (STPS) 0: 1 stop bit 1: 2 stop bits P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit (POFF) 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open drain output (in output mode) Not used (return “1” when read) Fig. 22 Structure of serial I/O1 control registers ■Notes on serial I/O1 1. When using the serial I/O1, clear the I2C-BUS interface enable bit to “0” or the SDA/SCL interrupt pin selection bit to “0”. 2. When setting the transmit enable bit of serial I/O1 to “1”, the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit is automatically set to “1”. When not requiring the interrupt occurrence synchronized with the transmission enalbed, take the following sequence. ➀Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to “0” (disabled). ➁Set the transmit enable bit to “1”. ➂Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt request bit to “0” after 1 or more instructions have been executed. ➃Set the serial I/O1 transmit interrupt enable bit to “1” (enabled). 25 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER ●SERIAL I/O2 The serial I/O2 can be operated only as the clock synchronous type. As a synchronous clock for serial transfer, either internal clock or external clock can be selected by the serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit (b6) of serial I/O2 control register 1. The internal clock incorporates a dedicated divider and permits selecting 6 types of clock by the internal synchronous clock selection bits (b2, b1, b0) of serial I/O2 control register 1. Regarding SOUT2 and SCLK2 being output pins, either CMOS output format or N-channel open-drain output format can be selected by the P0 1 /S OUT2 , P0 2 /S CLK2 P-channel output disable bit (b7) of serial I/O2 control register 1. When the internal clock has been selected, a transfer starts by a write signal to the serial I/O2 register (address 001716). After completion of data transfer, the level of the SOUT2 pin goes to high impedance automatically but bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 is not set to “1” automatically. When the external clock has been selected, the contents of the serial I/O2 register is continuously sifted while transfer clocks are input. Accordingly, control the clock externally. Note that the SOUT2 pin does not go to high impedance after completion of data transfer. To cause the SOUT2 pin to go to high impedance in the case where the external clock is selected, set bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 to “1” when SCLK2 is “H” after completion of data transfer. After the next data transfer is started (the transfer clock falls), bit 7 of the serial I/O2 control register 2 is set to “0” and the SOUT2 pin is put into the active state. Regardless of the internal clock to external clock, the interrupt request bit is set after the number of bits (1 to 8 bits) selected by the optional transfer bit is transferred. In case of a fractional number of bits less than 8 bits as the last data, the received data to be stored in the serial I/O2 register becomes a fractional number of bits close to MSB if the transfer direction selection bit of serial I/O2 control register 1 is LSB first, or a fractional number of bits close to LSB if the transfer direction selection bit is MSB first. For the remaining bits, the previously received data is shifted. At transmit operation using the clock synchronous serial I/O, the SCMP2 signal can be output by comparing the state of the transmit pin SOUT2 with the state of the receive pin SIN2 in synchronization with a rise of the transfer clock. If the output level of the SOUT2 pin is equal to the input level to the SIN2 pin, “L” is output from the SCMP2 pin. If not, “H” is output. At this time, an INT2 interrupt request can also be generated. Select a valid edge by bit 2 of the interrupt edge selection register (address 003A16). [Serial I/O2 Control Registers 1, 2 (SIO2CON1 / SIO2CON2)] 001516, 001616 The serial I/O2 control registers 1 and 2 are containing various selection bits for serial I/O2 control as shown in Figure 23. 26 b7 b0 Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1 : address 001516) Internal synchronous clock selection bits b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0: f(XIN)/8 (f(XCIN)/8 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/16 (f(XCIN)/16 in low-speed mode) 0: f(XIN)/32 (f(XCIN)/32 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/64 (f(XCIN)/64 in low-speed mode) 0: f(XIN)/128 f(XCIN)/128 in low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/256 (f(XCIN)/256 in low-speed mode) Serial I/O2 port selection bit 0: I/O port 1: SOUT2,SCLK2 output pin SRDY2 output enable bit 0: P03 pin is normal I/O pin 1: P03 pin is SRDY2 output pin Transfer direction selection bit 0: LSB first 1: MSB first Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit 0: External clock 1: Internal clock P01/SOUT2 ,P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit 0: CMOS output (in output mode) 1: N-channel open-drain output (in output mode ) b7 b0 Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2 : address 001616) Optional transfer bits b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0: 1 bit 1: 2 bit 0: 3 bit 1: 4 bit 0: 5 bit 1: 6 bit 0: 7 bit 1: 8 bit Not used ( returns "0" when read) Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal control bit 0: P43 I/O 1: SCMP2 output SOUT2 pin control bit (P01) 0: Output active 1: Output high-impedance Fig. 23 Structure of Serial I/O2 control registers 1, 2 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Internal synchronous clock selection bits 1/8 XCIN “10” “00” “01” XIN 1/16 1/32 Divider Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note) Data bus 1/64 1/128 1/256 P03 latch Serial I/O2 synchronous clock selection bit “0” SRDY2 “1” SRDY2 output enable bit “1” Synchronous circuit “0” SCLK2 P03/SRDY2 External clock P02 latch Optional transfer bits (3) “0” P02/SCLK2 Serial I/O2 interrupt request Serial I/O counter 2 (3) “1” Serial I/O2 port selection bit P01 latch “0” P01/SOUT2 “1” Serial I/O2 port selection bit Serial I/O2 register (8) P00/SIN2 P43 latch “0” D P43/SCMP2/INT2 Q “1” Serial I/O2 I/O comparison signal control bit Note: Either high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 6 and 7 of CPU mode register. Fig. 24 Block diagram of Serial I/O2 Transfer clock (Note 1) Write-in signal to serial I/O2 register (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output SOUT2 D0 D1 . D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Serial I/O2 input SIN2 Receive enable signal SRDY2 Serial I/O2 interrupt request bit set Notes 1: When the internal clock is selected as a transfer clock, the f(XIN) clock division (f(XCIN) in low-speed mode) can be selected by setting bits 0 to 2 of serial I/O2 control register 1. 2: When the internal clock is selected as a transfer clock, the SOUT2 pin has high impedance after transfer completion. Fig. 25 Timing chart of Serial I/O2 27 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER SCMP2 SCLK2 SOUT2 SIN2 Judgement of I/O data comparison Fig. 26 SCMP2 output operation 28 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER MULTI-MASTER I2C-BUS INTERFACE Table 7 Multi-master I2C-BUS interface functions The multi-master I2C-BUS interface is a serial communications circuit, conforming to the Philips I2C-BUS data transfer format. This interface, offering both arbitration lost detection and a synchronous functions, is useful for the multi-master serial communications. Figure 27 shows a block diagram of the multi-master I2C-BUS interface and Table 7 lists the multi-master I 2 C-BUS interface functions. This multi-master I2C-BUS interface consists of the I2C address register, the I 2C data shift register, the I2C clock control register, the I2C control register, the I2C status register, the I2C start/stop condition control register and other control circuits. When using the multi-master I2 C-BUS interface, set 1 MHz or more to φ. Item Format Communication mode SCL clock frequency Function In conformity with Philips I2C-BUS standard: 10-bit addressing format 7-bit addressing format High-speed clock mode Standard clock mode In conformity with Philips I2C-BUS standard: Master transmission Master reception Slave transmission Slave reception 16.1 kHz to 400 kHz (at φ = 4 MHz) System clock φ = f(XIN)/2 (high-speed mode) φ = f(XIN)/8 (middle-speed mode) Note: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation assumes no responsibility for infringement of any third-party’s rights or originating in the use of the connection control function between the I2 C-BUS interface and the ports SCL1, SCL2, SDA1 and SDA2 with the bit 6 of I2C control register (002E16). b7 I2C address register SA D6 SA D5 SAD4 SAD3 SAD2 SAD1 SA D0 b0 Interrupt generating circuit RWB S0D Interrupt request signal (IICIRQ) Address comparator Serial data (SDA) Noise elimination circuit Data control circuit b0 b7 I2C data shift register b7 b0 S0 AL AAS AD0 LRB MST TRX BB PIN SIS SIP SSC4 SSC3 SSC2 SSC1 SSC0 S2D AL circuit S1 I2C status register I2C start/stop condition control register Internal data bus BB circuit Serial clock (SCL) Noise elimination circuit Clock control circuit b7 b0 FAST CCR4 CCR3 CCR2 CCR1 CCR0 ACK ACK MODE BIT S2 I2C clock control register Clock division I2C clock control register S1D b0 b7 TISS 10BIT TSEL SAD ALS ES0 BC2 BC1 BC0 S1D I 2 C control register System clock (φ) Bit counter Fig. 27 Block diagram of multi-master I2C-BUS interface ✽ : Purchase of MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATIONS I2C components conveys a license under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these components an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. 29 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [I2C Data Shift Register (S0)] 002B16 The I2C data shift register (S0 : address 002B16) is an 8-bit shift register to store receive data and write transmit data. When transmit data is written into this register, it is transferred to the outside from bit 7 in synchronization with the SCL clock, and each time one-bit data is output, the data of this register are shifted by one bit to the left. When data is received, it is input to this register from bit 0 in synchronization with the SCL clock, and each time one-bit data is input, the data of this register are shifted by one bit to the left. The minimum 2 machine cycles are required from the rising of the SCL clock until input to this register. The I2C data shift register is in a write enable status only when the I2C-BUS interface enable bit (ES0 bit : bit 3 of address 002E16) of the I2C control register is “1”. The bit counter is reset by a write instruction to the I2C data shift register. When both the ES0 bit and the MST bit of the I2C status register (address 002D16) are “1,” the SCL is output by a write instruction to the I 2C data shift register. Reading data from the I2C data shift register is always enabled regardless of the ES0 bit value. [I2C Address Register (S0D)] 002C16 The I2 C address register (address 002C 16) consists of a 7-bit slave address and a read/write bit. In the addressing mode, the slave address written in this register is compared with the address data to be received immediately after the START condition is detected. •Bit 0: Read/write bit (RWB) This is not used in the 7-bit addressing mode. In the 10-bit addressing mode, the first address data to be received is compared with the contents (SAD6 to SAD0 + RWB) of the I2C address register. The RWB bit is cleared to “0” automatically when the stop condition is detected. •Bits 1 to 7: Slave address (SAD0–SAD6) These bits store slave addresses. Regardless of the 7-bit addressing mode and the 10-bit addressing mode, the address data transmitted from the master is compared with the contents of these bits. 30 b7 b0 SAD6 SAD5 SAD4 SAD3 SAD2 SAD1 SAD0 RWB I2C address register (S0D: address 002C16) Read/write bit Slave address Fig. 28 Structure of I2C address register MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER I 2C Note: Do not write data into the clock control register during transfer. If data is written during transfer, the I2C clock generator is reset, so that data cannot be transferred normally. b0 A CK FAST CCR4 CCR3 CCR2 CCR1 CCR0 B IT MODE I2C clock control register (S2 : address 002F16) SCL frequency control bits Refer to Table 8. SCL mode specification bit 0 : Standard clock mode 1 : High-speed clock d ACK bit 0 : ACK is returned. 1 : ACK is not t d ACK clock bit 0 : No ACK clock 1 : ACK clock Fig. 29 Structure of I2C clock control register Table 8 Set values of I 2 C clock control register and SCL frequency Setting value of CCR4–CCR0 CCR4 CCR3 CCR2 CCR1 CCR0 SCL frequency (Note 1) (at φ = 4 MHz, unit : kHz) Standard clock High-speed clock mode mode 0 0 0 0 Setting disabled Setting disabled 0 0 0 0 1 Setting disabled Setting disabled 0 0 0 1 0 Setting disabled Setting disabled 0 0 0 1 1 – (Note 2) 333 0 0 1 0 0 – (Note 2) 250 0 0 1 0 1 100 400 (Note 3) 0 0 1 1 0 83.3 166 … 0 … •Bit 7: ACK clock bit (ACK) This bit specifies the mode of acknowledgment which is an acknowledgment response of data transfer. When this bit is set to “0,” the no ACK clock mode is selected. In this case, no ACK clock occurs after data transmission. When the bit is set to “1,” the ACK clock mode is selected and the master generates an ACK clock each completion of each 1-byte data transfer. The device for transmitting address data and control data releases the SDA at the occurrence of an ACK clock (makes SDA “H”) and receives the ACK bit generated by the data receiving device. A CK … ✽ACK clock: Clock for acknowledgment b7 … The I2C clock control register (address 002F16) is used to set ACK control, SCL mode and SCL frequency. •Bits 0 to 4: SCL frequency control bits (CCR0–CCR4) These bits control the SCL frequency. Refer to Table 8. •Bit 5: SCL mode specification bit (FAST MODE) This bit specifies the SCL mode. When this bit is set to “0,” the standard clock mode is selected. When the bit is set to “1,” the high-speed clock mode is selected. When connecting the bus of the high-speed mode I2C bus standard (maximum 400 kbits/s), use 8 MHz or more oscillation frequency f(XIN) and 2 division clock. •Bit 6: ACK bit (ACK BIT) This bit sets the SDA status when an ACK clock✽ is generated. When this bit is set to “0,” the ACK return mode is selected and SDA goes to “L” at the occurrence of an ACK clock. When the bit is set to “1,” the ACK non-return mode is selected. The SDA is held in the “H” status at the occurrence of an ACK clock. However, when the slave address agree with the address data in the reception of address data at ACK BIT = “0,” the SDA is automatically made “L” (ACK is returned). If there is a disagreement between the slave address and the address data, the SDA is automatically made “H” (ACK is not returned). … [I2C Clock Control Register (S2)] 002F16 500/CCR value (Note 3) 1 1 1 0 1 17.2 1000/CCR value (Note 3) 34.5 1 1 1 1 0 16.6 33.3 1 1 1 1 1 16.1 32.3 Notes 1: Duty of SCL clock output is 50 %. The duty becomes 35 to 45 % only when the high-speed clock mode is selected and CCR value = 5 (400 kHz, at φ = 4 MHz). “H” duration of the clock fluctuates from –4 to +2 machine cycles in the standard clock mode, and fluctuates from –2 to +2 machine cycles in the high-speed clock mode. In the case of negative fluctuation, the frequency does not increase because “L” duration is extended instead of “H” duration reduction. These are value when SCL clock synchronization by the synchronous function is not performed. CCR value is the decimal notation value of the SCL frequency control bits CCR4 to CCR0. 2: Each value of SCL frequency exceeds the limit at φ = 4 MHz or more. When using these setting value, use φ of 4 MHz or less. 3: The data formula of SCL frequency is described below: φ/(8 ✕ CCR value) Standard clock mode φ/(4 ✕ CCR value) High-speed clock mode (CCR value ≠ 5) φ/(2 ✕ CCR value) High-speed clock mode (CCR value = 5) Do not set 0 to 2 as CCR value regardless of φ frequency. Set 100 kHz (max.) in the standard clock mode and 400 kHz (max.) in the high-speed clock mode to the SCL frequency by setting the SCL frequency control bits CCR4 to CCR0. 31 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [I2C Control Register (S1D)] 002E16 The I2C control register (address 002E16) controls data communication format. •Bits 0 to 2: Bit counter (BC0–BC2) These bits decide the number of bits for the next 1-byte data to be transmitted. The I2C interrupt request signal occurs immediately after the number of count specified with these bits (ACK clock is added to the number of count when ACK clock is selected by ACK clock bit (bit 7 of address 002F16 )) have been transferred, and BC0 to BC2 are returned to “0002”. Also when a START condition is received, these bits become “0002” and the address data is always transmitted and received in 8 bits. •Bit 3: I2C interface enable bit (ES0) This bit enables to use the multi-master I2C-BUS interface. When this bit is set to “0,” the use disable status is provided, so that the SDA and the SCL become high-impedance. When the bit is set to “1,” use of the interface is enabled. When ES0 = “0,” the following is performed. • PIN = “1,” BB = “0” and AL = “0” are set (which are bits of the I2C status register at address 002D16 ). • Writing data to the I2C data shift register (address 002B16) is disabled. •Bit 4: Data format selection bit (ALS) This bit decides whether or not to recognize slave addresses. When this bit is set to “0,” the addressing format is selected, so that address data is recognized. When a match is found between a slave address and address data as a result of comparison or when a general call (refer to “I2C Status Register,” bit 1) is received, transfer processing can be performed. When this bit is set to “1,” the free data format is selected, so that slave addresses are not recognized. •Bit 5: Addressing format selection bit (10BIT SAD) This bit selects a slave address specification format. When this bit is set to “0,” the 7-bit addressing format is selected. In this case, only the high-order 7 bits (slave address) of the I2C address register (address 002C16) are compared with address data. When this bit is set to “1,” the 10-bit addressing format is selected, and all the bits of the I2 C address register are compared with address data. •Bit 6: SDA/SCL pin selection bit This bit selects the input/output pins of SCL and SDA of the multimaster I2C-BUS interface. •Bit 7: I2C-BUS interface pin input level selection bit This bit selects the input level of the SCL and SDA pins of the multi-master I2C-BUS interface. TSEL SCL1/P23 SCL SCL2/TxD/P25 Multi-master I2C-BUS interface TSEL TSEL SDA1/P22 SDA SDA2/RxD/P24 TSEL Fig. 30 SDA/SCL pin selection bit b7 TISS TSEL b0 10 BIT SAD I2C control register ALS ES0 BC2 BC1 BC0 (S1D : address 002E 16) Bit counter (Number of transmit/receive bits) b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 : 8 0 0 1 : 7 0 1 0 : 6 0 1 1 : 5 1 0 0 : 4 1 0 1 : 3 1 1 0 : 2 1 1 1 : 1 I2C-BUS interface enable bit 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled Data format selection bit 0 : Addressing format 1 : Free data format Addressing format selection bit 0 : 7-bit addressing format 1 : 10-bit addressing format SDA/SCL pin selection bit 0 : Connect to ports P2 2, P23 1 : Connect to ports P2 4, P25 I2C-BUS interface pin input level selection bit 0 : CMOS input 1 : SMBUS input Fig. 31 Structure of I2C control register 32 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [I2C Status Register (S1)] 002D16 The I2C status register (address 002D16) controls the I2C-BUS interface status. The low-order 4 bits are read-only bits and the high-order 4 bits can be read out and written to. Set “00002” to the low-order 4 bits, because these bits become the reserved bits at writing. •Bit 0: Last receive bit (LRB) This bit stores the last bit value of received data and can also be used for ACK receive confirmation. If ACK is returned when an ACK clock occurs, the LRB bit is set to “0.” If ACK is not returned, this bit is set to “1.” Except in the ACK mode, the last bit value of received data is input. The state of this bit is changed from “1” to “0” by executing a write instruction to the I2C data shift register (address 002B16). •Bit 1: General call detecting flag (AD0) When the ALS bit is “0”, this bit is set to “1” when a general call✽ whose address data is all “0” is received in the slave mode. By a general call of the master device, every slave device receives control data after the general call. The AD0 bit is set to “0” by detecting the STOP condition or START condition, or reset. ✽General call: The master transmits the general call address “00 16” to all slaves. •Bit 2: Slave address comparison flag (AAS) This flag indicates a comparison result of address data when the ALS bit is “0”. ➀ In the slave receive mode, when the 7-bit addressing format is selected, this bit is set to “1” in one of the following conditions: • The address data immediately after occurrence of a START condition agrees with the slave address stored in the high-order 7 bits of the I2C address register (address 002C16). • A general call is received. ➁ In the slave receive mode, when the 10-bit addressing format is selected, this bit is set to “1” with the following condition: • When the address data is compared with the I2C address register (8 bits consisting of slave address and RWB bit), the first bytes agree. ➂ This bit is set to “0” by executing a write instruction to the I 2C data shift register (address 002B16) when ES0 is set to “1” or reset. •Bit 3: Arbitration lost✽ detecting flag (AL) In the master transmission mode, when the SDA is made “L” by any other device, arbitration is judged to have been lost, so that this bit is set to “1.” At the same time, the TRX bit is set to “0,” so that immediately after transmission of the byte whose arbitration was lost is completed, the MST bit is set to “0.” The arbitration lost can be detected only in the master transmission mode. When arbitration is lost during slave address transmission, the TRX bit is set to “0” and the reception mode is set. Consequently, it becomes possible to detect the agreement of its own slave address and address data transmitted by another master device. •Bit 4: SCL pin low hold bit (PIN) This bit generates an interrupt request signal. Each time 1-byte data is transmitted, the PIN bit changes from “1” to “0.” At the same time, an interrupt request signal occurs to the CPU. The PIN bit is set to “0” in synchronization with a falling of the last clock (including the ACK clock) of an internal clock and an interrupt request signal occurs in synchronization with a falling of the PIN bit. When the PIN bit is “0,” the SCL is kept in the “0” state and clock generation is disabled. Figure 33 shows an interrupt request signal generating timing chart. The PIN bit is set to “1” in one of the following conditions: • Executing a write instruction to the I 2C data shift register (address 002B16). (This is the only condition which the prohibition of the internal clock is released and data can be communicated except for the start condition detection.) • When the ES0 bit is “0” • At reset • When writing “1” to the PIN bit by software The conditions in which the PIN bit is set to “0” are shown below: • Immediately after completion of 1-byte data transmission (including when arbitration lost is detected) • Immediately after completion of 1-byte data reception • In the slave reception mode, with ALS = “0” and immediately after completion of slave address agreement or general call address reception • In the slave reception mode, with ALS = “1” and immediately after completion of address data reception •Bit 5: Bus busy flag (BB) This bit indicates the status of use of the bus system. When this bit is set to “0,” this bus system is not busy and a START condition can be generated. The BB flag is set/reset by the SCL, SDA pins input signal regardless of master/slave. This flag is set to “1” by detecting the start condition, and is set to “0” by detecting the stop condition. The condition of these detecting is set by the start/stop condition setting bits (SSC4–SSC0) of the I2C start/stop condition control register (address 003016 ). When the ES0 bit of the I2 C control register (address 002E16) is “0” or reset, the BB flag is set to “0.” For the writing function to the BB flag, refer to the sections “START Condition Generating Method” and “STOP Condition Generating Method” described later. ✽Arbitration lost :The status in which communication as a master is disabled. 33 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER •Bit 6: Communication mode specification bit (transfer direction specification bit: TRX) This bit decides a direction of transfer for data communication. When this bit is “0,” the reception mode is selected and the data of a transmitting device is received. When the bit is “1,” the transmission mode is selected and address data and control data are output onto the SDA in synchronization with the clock generated on the SCL. This bit is set/reset by software and hardware. About set/reset by hardware is described below. This bit is set to “1” by hardware when all the following conditions are satisfied: • When ALS is “0” • In the slave reception mode or the slave transmission mode • When the R/W bit reception is “1” This bit is set to “0” in one of the following conditions: • When arbitration lost is detected. • When a STOP condition is detected. • When writing “1” to this bit by software is invalid by the START condition duplication preventing function (Note). • With MST = “0” and when a START condition is detected. • With MST = “0” and when ACK non-return is detected. • At reset •Bit 7: Communication mode specification bit (master/slave specification bit: MST) This bit is used for master/slave specification for data communication. When this bit is “0,” the slave is specified, so that a START condition and a STOP condition generated by the master are received, and data communication is performed in synchronization with the clock generated by the master. When this bit is “1,” the master is specified and a START condition and a STOP condition are generated. Additionally, the clocks required for data communication are generated on the SCL. This bit is set to “0” in one of the following conditions. • Immediately after completion of 1-byte data transfer when arbitration lost is detected • When a STOP condition is detected. • Writing “1” to this bit by software is invalid by the START condition duplication preventing function (Note). • At reset Note: START condition duplication preventing function The MST, TRX, and BB bits is set to “1” at the same time after confirming that the BB flag is “0” in the procedure of a START condition occurrence. However, when a START condition by another master device occurs and the BB flag is set to “1” immediately after the contents of the BB flag is confirmed, the START condition duplication preventing function makes the writing to the MST and TRX bits invalid. The duplication preventing function becomes valid from the rising of the BB flag to reception completion of slave address. b7 b0 MST TRX BB PIN AL AAS AD0 LRB I2C status register (S1 : address 002D16) Last receive bit (Note) 0 : Last bit = “0” 1 : Last bit = “1” General call detecting flag (Note) 0 : No general call detected 1 : General call detected Slave address comparison flag (Note) 0 : Address disagreement 1 : Address agreement Arbitration lost detecting flag (Note) 0 : Not detected 1 : Detected SCL pin low hold bit 0 : SCL pin low hold 1 : SCL pin low release Bus busy flag 0 : Bus free 1 : Bus busy Communication mode specification bits 00 : Slave receive mode 01 : Slave transmit mode 10 : Master receive mode 11 : Master transmit mode Note: These bits and flags can be read out, but cannot be written. Write “0” to these bits at writing. Fig. 32 Structure of I2C status register SCL PIN IICIRQ Fig. 33 Interrupt request signal generating timing 34 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER START Condition Generating Method START/STOP Condition Detecting Operation When writing “1” to the MST, TRX, and BB bits of the I2C status register (address 002D16) at the same time after writing the slave address to the I2C data shift register (address 002B 16) with the condition in which the ES0 bit of the I2C control register (address 002E16) and the BB flag are “0”, a START condition occurs. After that, the bit counter becomes “0002” and an SCL for 1 byte is output. The START condition generating timing is different in the standard clock mode and the high-speed clock mode. Refer to Figure 34, the START condition generating timing diagram, and Table 9, the START condition generating timing table. The START/STOP condition detection operations are shown in Figures 36, 37, and Table 11. The START/STOP condition is set by the START/STOP condition set bit. The START/STOP condition can be detected only when the input signal of the SCL and SDA pins satisfy three conditions: SCL release time, setup time, and hold time (see Table 11). The BB flag is set to “1” by detecting the START condition and is reset to “0” by detecting the STOP condition. The BB flag set/reset timing is different in the standard clock mode and the high-speed clock mode. Refer to Table 11, the BB flag set/ reset time. Note: When a STOP condition is detected in the slave mode (MST = 0), an interrupt request signal “IICIRQ” occurs to the CPU. I2C status register write signal SC L SD A Setup time SCL release time Hold time SCL SDA Fig. 34 START condition generating timing diagram Table 9 START condition generating timing table Standard clock mode High-speed clock mode Item 5.0 µs (20 cycles) 2.5 µs (10 cycles) Setup time 5.0 µs (20 cycles) 2.5 µs (10 cycles) Hold time Note: Absolute time at φ = 4 MHz. The value in parentheses denotes the number of φ cycles. STOP Condition Generating Method When the ES0 bit of the I2C control register (address 002E 16) is “1,” write “1” to the MST and TRX bits, and write “0” to the BB bit of the I2C status register (address 002D16) simultaneously. Then a STOP condition occurs. The STOP condition generating timing is different in the standard clock mode and the high-speed clock mode. Refer to Figure 35, the STOP condition generating timing diagram, and Table 10, the STOP condition generating timing table. SCL Fig. 36 START condition detecting timing diagram SCL release time SCL SDA BB flag SDA Hold time Setup time Hold time BB flag reset time Fig. 37 STOP condition detecting timing diagram Table 11 START condition/STOP condition detecting conditions Standard clock mode High-speed clock mode SCL release time Setup time BB flag set/ reset time Setup time Hold time BB flag reset time BB flag Hold time I2C status register write signal Setup time SSC value + 1 cycle (6.25 µs) 4 cycles (1.0 µs) SSC value + 1 cycle < 4.0 µs (3.125 µs) 2 cycles (1.0 µs) 2 SSC value + 1 cycle < 4.0 µs (3.125 µs) 2 cycles (0.5 µs) 2 SSC value –1 + 2 cycles (3.375 µs) 3.5 cycles (0.875 µs) 2 Note: Unit : Cycle number of system clock φ SSC value is the decimal notation value of the START/STOP condition set bits SSC4 to SSC0. Do not set “0” or an odd number to SSC value. The value in parentheses is an example when the I2C START/ STOP condition control register is set to “1816” at φ = 4 MHz. Fig. 35 STOP condition generating timing diagram Table 10 STOP condition generating timing table Standard clock mode High-speed clock mode Item 5.0 µs (20 cycles) 3.0 µs (12 cycles) Setup time 4.5 µs (18 cycles) 2.5 µs (10 cycles) Hold time Note: Absolute time at φ = 4 MHz. The value in parentheses denotes the number of φ cycles. 35 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER [I2C START/STOP Condition Control Register (S2D)] 003016 The I2C START/STOP condition control register (address 003016) controls START/STOP condition detection. •Bits 0 to 4: START/STOP condition set bit (SSC4–SSC0) SCL release time, setup time, and hold time change the detection condition by value of the main clock divide ratio selection bit and the oscillation frequency f(XIN) because these time are measured by the internal system clock. Accordingly, set the proper value to the START/STOP condition set bits (SSC4 to SSC0) in considered of the system clock frequency. Refer to Table 11. Do not set “000002” or an odd number to the START/STOP condition set bit (SSC4 to SSC0). Refer to Table 12, the recommended set value to START/STOP condition set bits (SSC4–SSC0) for each oscillation frequency. •Bit 5: SCL/SDA interrupt pin polarity selection bit (SIP) An interrupt can occur when detecting the falling or rising edge of the SCL or SDA pin. This bit selects the polarity of the SCL or SDA pin interrupt pin. •Bit 6: SCL/SDA interrupt pin selection bit (SIS) This bit selects the pin of which interrupt becomes valid between the SCL pin and the SDA pin. Note: When changing the setting of the S CL/SDA interrupt pin polarity selection bit, the SCL /S DA interrupt pin selection bit, or the I 2C-BUS interface enable bit ES0, the SCL/S DA interrupt request bit may be set. When selecting the SCL/SDA interrupt source, disable the interrupt before the SCL/SDA interrupt pin polarity selection bit, the SCL/ SDA interrupt pin selection bit, or the I 2C-BUS interface enable bit ES0 is set. Reset the request bit to “0” after setting these bits, and enable the interrupt. 36 Address Data Communication There are two address data communication formats, namely, 7-bit addressing format and 10-bit addressing format. The respective address communication formats are described below. ➀ 7-bit addressing format To adapt the 7-bit addressing format, set the 10BIT SAD bit of the I2C control register (address 002E16) to “0.” The first 7-bit address data transmitted from the master is compared with the high-order 7-bit slave address stored in the I2C address register (address 002C16). At the time of this comparison, address comparison of the RWB bit of the I 2C address register (address 002C 16) is not performed. For the data transmission format when the 7-bit addressing format is selected, refer to Figure 39, (1) and (2). ➁ 10-bit addressing format To adapt the 10-bit addressing format, set the 10BIT SAD bit of the I 2 C control register (address 002E16) to “1.” An address comparison is performed between the first-byte address data transmitted from the master and the 8-bit slave address stored in the I2C address register (address 002C16). At the time of this comparison, an address comparison between the RWB bit of the I 2 C address register (address 002C 16) and the R/W bit which is the last bit of the address data transmitted from the master is made. In the 10-bit addressing mode, the RWB bit which is the last bit of the address data not only specifies the direction of communication for control data, but also is processed as an address data bit. When the first-byte address data agree with the slave address, the AAS bit of the I2C status register (address 002D16) is set to “1.” After the second-byte address data is stored into the I2C data shift register (address 002B16), perform an address comparison between the second-byte data and the slave address by software. When the address data of the 2 bytes agree with the slave address, set the RWB bit of the I2C address register (address 002C16) to “1” by software. This processing can make the 7-bit slave address and R/W data agree, which are received after a RESTART condition is detected, with the value of the I2C address register (address 002C16). For the data transmission format when the 10-bit addressing format is selected, refer to Figure 39, (3) and (4). MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER b7 b0 SIS SIP SSC4 SSC3 SSC2 SSC1 SSC0 I2C START/STOP condition control register (S2D : address 003016) START/STOP condition set bit SCL/SDA interrupt pin polarity selection bit 0 : Falling edge active 1 : Rising edge active SCL/SDA interrupt pin selection bit 0 : SDA valid 1 : SCL valid Reserved Do not write “1” to this bit. Fig. 38 Structure of I2C START/STOP condition control register Table 12 Recommended set value to START/STOP condition set bits (SSC4–SSC0) for each oscillation frequency Oscillation frequency f(XIN) (MHz) Main clock divide ratio System clock φ (MHz) 8 2 4 8 8 1 4 2 2 2 2 1 START/STOP condition control register SCL release time (µs) Setup time (µs) Hold time (µs) XXX11010 XXX11000 XXX00100 XXX01100 XXX01010 XXX00100 6.75 µs (27 cycles) 6.25 µs (25 cycles) 5.0 µs (5 cycles) 6.5 µs (13 cycles) 5.5 µs (11 cycles) 5.0 µs (5 cycles) 3.375 µs (13.5 cycles) 3.125 µs (12.5 cycles) 2.5 µs (2.5 cycles) 3.25 µs (6.5 cycles) 2.75 µs (5.5 cycles) 2.5 µs (2.5 cycles) 3.375 µs (13.5 cycles) 3.125 µs (12.5 cycles) 2.5 µs (2.5 cycles) 3.25 µs (6.5 cycles) 2.75 µs (5.5 cycles) 2.5 µs (2.5 cycles) Note: Do not set an odd number to the START/STOP condition set bit (SSC4 to SSC0). (1) A master-transmitter transnmits data to a slave-receiver S Slave address R/W 7 bits A “0” Data A 1 to 8 bits Data A/A P A P 1 to 8 bits (2) A master-receiver receives data from a slave-transmitter S Slave address R/W 7 bits A “1” Data A 1 to 8 bits Data 1 to 8 bits (3) A master-transmitter transmits data to a slave-receiver with a 10-bit address S Slave address R/W 1st 7 bits 7 bits A “0” Slave address 2nd bytes A Data 1 to 8 bits 8 bits Data A A/A P 1 to 8 bits (4) A master-receiver receives data from a slave-transmitter with a 10-bit address S Slave address R/W 1st 7 bits 7 bits S : START condition A : ACK bit Sr : Restart condition “0” A Slave address 2nd bytes 8 bits P : STOP condition R/W : Read/Write bit A Sr Slave address R/W 1st 7 bits 7 bits “1” A Data 1 to 8 bits A Data A P 1 to 8 bits : Master to slave : Slave to master Fig. 39 Address data communication format 37 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Example of Master Transmission An example of master transmission in the standard clock mode, at the SCL frequency of 100 kHz and in the ACK return mode is shown below. ➀ Set a slave address in the high-order 7 bits of the I2C address register (address 002C16) and “0” into the RWB bit. ➁ Set the ACK return mode and SCL = 100 kHz by setting “8516” in the I2C clock control register (address 002F16). ➂ Set “0016” in the I2C status register (address 002D 16) so that transmission/reception mode can become initializing condition. ➃ Set a communication enable status by setting “0816” in the I2C control register (address 002E16). ➄ Confirm the bus free condition by the BB flag of the I2C status register (address 002D16). ➅ Set the address data of the destination of transmission in the high-order 7 bits of the I2C data shift register (address 002B16) and set “0” in the least significant bit. ➆ Set “F016” in the I2C status register (address 002D16) to generate a START condition. At this time, an SCL for 1 byte and an ACK clock automatically occur. ➇ Set transmit data in the I2C data shift register (address 002B16). At this time, an SCL and an ACK clock automatically occur. ➈ When transmitting control data of more than 1 byte, repeat step ➇. ➉ Set “D016” in the I2C status register (address 002D16) to generate a STOP condition if ACK is not returned from slave reception side or transmission ends. Example of Slave Reception An example of slave reception in the high-speed clock mode, at the SCL frequency of 400 kHz, in the ACK non-return mode and using the addressing format is shown below. ➀ Set a slave address in the high-order 7 bits of the I2C address register (address 002C16) and “0” in the RWB bit. ➁ Set the no ACK clock mode and SCL = 400 kHz by setting “2516” in the I2C clock control register (address 002F16). ➂ Set “0016” in the I2C status register (address 002D 16) so that transmission/reception mode can become initializing condition. ➃ Set a communication enable status by setting “0816” in the I2C control register (address 002E16). ➄ When a START condition is received, an address comparison is performed. ➅ •When all transmitted addresses are “0” (general call): AD0 of the I2 C status register (address 002D16) is set to “1” and an interrupt request signal occurs. • When the transmitted addresses agree with the address set in ➀: AAS of the I2C status register (address 002D16) is set to “1” and an interrupt request signal occurs. • In the cases other than the above AD0 and AAS of the I2C status register (address 002D 16) are set to “0” and no interrupt request signal occurs. ➆ Set dummy data in the I2C data shift register (address 002B16). ➇ When receiving control data of more than 1 byte, repeat step ➆. ➈ When a STOP condition is detected, the communication ends. 38 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER ■Precautions when using multi-master I2CBUS interface (1) Read-modify-write instruction The precautions when the read-modify-write instruction such as SEB, CLB etc. is executed for each register of the multi-master I2C-BUS interface are described below. • I2C data shift register (S0: address 002B16) When executing the read-modify-write instruction for this register during transfer, data may become a value not intended. • I2C address register (S0D: address 002C16) When the read-modify-write instruction is executed for this register at detecting the STOP condition, data may become a value not intended. It is because H/W changes the read/write bit (RWB) at the above timing. • I2C status register (S1: address 002D16) Do not execute the read-modify-write instruction for this register because all bits of this register are changed by H/W. • I2C control register (S1D: address 002E16) When the read-modify-write instruction is executed for this register at detecting the START condition or at completing the byte transfer, data may become a value not intended. Because H/W changes the bit counter (BC0-BC2) at the above timing. • I2C clock control register (S2: address 002F16) The read-modify-write instruction can be executed for this register. • I 2 C START/STOP condition control register (S2D: address 003016) The read-modify-write instruction can be executed for this register. (2) START condition generating procedure using multi-master 1. Procedure example (The necessary conditions of the generating procedure are described in Items 2 to 5 below. • • • LDA — SEI BBS 5, S1, BUSBUSY BUSFREE: STA S0 LDM #$F0, S1 CLI (Taking out of slave address value) (Interrupt disabled) (BB flag confirming and branch process) (Writing of slave address value) (Trigger of START condition generating) (Interrupt enabled) • • • BUSBUSY: CLI • (Interrupt enabled) 5. Disable interrupts during the following three process steps: • BB flag confirming • Writing of slave address value • Trigger of START condition generating When the condition of the BB flag is bus busy, enable interrupts immediately. (3) RESTART condition generating procedure 1. Procedure example (The necessary conditions for the procedure are described in items 2 to 4 below.) Execute the following procedure when the PIN bit is “0.” • • • LDM #$00, S1 LDA — SEI STA S0 LDM #$F0, S1 CLI (Select slave receive mode) (Take out of slave address value) (Disable interrupt) (Write slave address value) (Trigger RESTART condition generation) (Enable interrupt) • • • 2. Select the slave receive mode when the PIN bit is “0.” Do not write “1” to the PIN bit. Neither “0” nor “1” is specified as input to the BB bit. The TRX bit becomes “0” and the SDA pin is released. 3. The SCL pin is released by writing the slave address value to the I2C data shift register. 4. Disable interrupts during the following two process steps: • Write slave address value • Trigger RESTART condition generation (4) Writing to I2C status register Do not execute an instruction to set the PIN bit to “1” from “0” and an instruction to set the MST and TRX bits to “0” from “1” simultaneously. Because it may enter the state that the S CL pin is released and the S DA pin is released after about one machine cycle. Do not execute an instruction to set the MST and TRX bits to “0” from “1” simultaneously when the PIN bit is “1.” Because it may become the same as above. (5) Process of after STOP condition generating Do not write data in the I2C data shift register S0 and the I2C status register S1 until the bus busy flag BB becomes “0” after generating the STOP condition in the master mode. Because the STOP condition waveform might not be normally generated. Reading to the above registers do not have the problem. • • 2. Use “Branch on Bit Set” of “BBS 5, $002D, –” for the BB flag confirming and branch process. 3. Use “STA $2B, STX $2B” or “STY $2B” of the zero page addressing instruction for writing the slave address value to the I2C data shift register. 4. Execute the branch instruction of Item 2 and the store instruction of Item 3 continuously, as shown in the procedure example above. 39 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER PULSE WIDTH MODULATION (PWM) PWM Operation The 7516 group (Spec. H) has a PWM function with an 8-bit resolution, based on a signal that is the clock input XIN or that clock input divided by 2. When bit 0 (PWM enable bit) of the PWM control register is set to “1”, operation starts by initializing the PWM output circuit, and pulses are output starting at an “H”. If the PWM register or PWM prescaler is updated during PWM output, the pulses will change in the cycle after the one in which the change was made. Data Setting The PWM output pin also functions as port P44 . Set the PWM period by the PWM prescaler, and set the “H” term of output pulse by the PWM register. If the value in the PWM prescaler is n and the value in the PWM register is m (where n = 0 to 255 and m = 0 to 255) : PWM period = 255 ✕ (n+1) / f(XIN) = 31.875 ✕ (n+1) µs (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz,count source selection bit = “0”) Output pulse “H” term = PWM period ✕ m / 255 = 0.125 ✕ (n+1) ✕ m µs (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz,count source selection bit = “0”) 31.875 ✕ m ✕ (n+1) µs 255 PWM output T = [31.875 ✕ (n+1)] µs m: Contents of PWM register n : Contents of PWM prescaler T : PWM period (when f(XIN) = 8 MHz, count source selection bit = “0”) Fig. 40 Timing of PWM period Data bus PWM prescaler pre-latch PWM register pre-latch Transfer control circuit PWM prescaler latch PWM register latch PWM prescaler PWM register Count source selection bit (XCIN “0” XIN at low-speed mode) 1/2 Port P44 “1” Port P44 latch PWM enable bit Fig. 41 Block diagram of PWM function 40 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER b7 b0 PWM control register (PWMCON : address 001D16) PWM function enable bit 0: PWM disabled 1: PWM enabled Count source selection bit 0: f(XIN) (f(XCIN) at low-speed mode) 1: f(XIN)/2 (f(XCIN)/2 at low-speed mode) Not used (return “0” when read) Fig. 42 Structure of PWM control register A B B = C T2 T C PWM output T PWM register write signal T T2 (Changes “H” term from “A” to “B”.) PWM prescaler write signal (Changes PWM period from “T” to “T2”.) When the contents of the PWM register or PWM prescaler have changed, the PWM output will change from the next period after the change. Fig. 43 PWM output timing when PWM register or PWM prescaler is changed ■Note The PWM starts after the PWM function enable bit is set to enable and “L” level is output from the PWM pin. The length of this “L” level output is as follows: n+1 2 • f(XIN) sec (Count source selection bit = 0, where n is the value set in the prescaler) n+1 f(XIN) sec (Count source selection bit = 1, where n is the value set in the prescaler) 41 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER A-D CONVERTER [A-D Conversion Registers (ADL, ADH)] 003516, 003616 b0 b7 AD control register (ADCON : address 003416) Analog input pin selection bits The A-D conversion registers are read-only registers that store the result of an A-D conversion. Do not read these registers during an A-D conversion. b2 b1 b0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 [AD Control Register (ADCON)] 003416 The AD control register controls the A-D conversion process. Bits 0 to 2 select a specific analog input pin. Bit 4 indicates the completion of an A-D conversion. The value of this bit remains at “0” during an A-D conversion and changes to “1” when an A-D conversion ends. Writing “0” to this bit starts the A-D conversion. 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0: P30/AN0 1: P31/AN1 0: P32/AN2 1: P33/AN3 0: P34/AN4 1: P35/AN5 0: Setting disabled 1: Setting disabled Not used (returns “0” when read) A-D conversion completion bit 0: Conversion in progress 1: Conversion completed Comparison Voltage Generator Not used (returns “0” when read) The comparison voltage generator divides the voltage between AVSS and VREF into 1024 and outputs the divided voltages. Fig. 44 Structure of AD control register Channel Selector The channel selector selects one of ports P30/AN0 to P35/AN5 and inputs the voltage to the comparator. 10-bit reading (Read address 003616 before 003516) Comparator and Control Circuit (Address 003616) The comparator and control circuit compare an analog input voltage with the comparison voltage, and the result is stored in the A-D conversion registers. When an A-D conversion is completed, the control circuit sets the A-D conversion completion bit and the A-D interrupt request bit to “1”. Note that because the comparator consists of a capacitor coupling, set f(XIN) to 500 kHz or more during an A-D conversion. When the A-D converter is operated at low-speed mode, f(X IN ) and f(XCIN) do not have the lower limit of frequency, because of the A-D converter has a built-in self-oscillation circuit. (Address 003516) b7 b0 b9 b8 b7 b0 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Note : The high-order 6 bits of address 003616 become “0” at reading. 8-bit reading (Read only address 003516) b7 (Address 003516) b0 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 Fig. 45 Structure of A-D conversion registers Data bus AD control register (Address 003416) b7 b0 3 A-D interrupt request P30/AN0 P31/AN1 P32/AN2 P33/AN3 P34/AN4 P35/AN5 Channel selector A-D control circuit Comparator A-D conversion high-order register (Address 003616) A-D conversion low-order register (Address 003516) 10 Resistor ladder VREF AVSS Fig. 46 Block diagram of A-D converter 42 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER WATCHDOG TIMER ●Watchdog timer H count source selection bit operation Bit 7 of the watchdog timer control register (address 003916) permits selecting a watchdog timer H count source. When this bit is set to “0”, the count source becomes the underflow signal of watchdog timer L. The detection time is set to 131.072 ms at f(XIN) = 8 MHz frequency and 32.768 s at f(XCIN) = 32 kHz frequency. When this bit is set to “1”, the count source becomes the signal divided by 16 for f(XIN) (or f(XCIN)). The detection time in this case is set to 512 µs at f(XIN) = 8 MHz frequency and 128 ms at f(XCIN) = 32 kHz frequency. This bit is cleared to “0” after reset. The watchdog timer gives a mean of returning to the reset status when a program cannot run on a normal loop (for example, because of a software run-away). The watchdog timer consists of an 8-bit watchdog timer L and an 8-bit watchdog timer H. Standard Operation of Watchdog Timer When any data is not written into the watchdog timer control register (address 0039 16) after reset, the watchdog timer is in the stop state. The watchdog timer starts to count down by writing an optional value into the watchdog timer control register (address 003916) and an internal reset occurs at an underflow of the watchdog timer H. Accordingly, programming is usually performed so that writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 0039 16 ) may be started before an underflow. When the watchdog timer control register (address 003916) is read, the values of the high-order 6 bits of the watchdog timer H, STP instruction disable bit, and watchdog timer H count source selection bit are read. ●Operation of STP instruction disable bit Bit 6 of the watchdog timer control register (address 003916) permits disabling the STP instruction when the watchdog timer is in operation. When this bit is “0”, the STP instruction is enabled. When this bit is “1”, the STP instruction is disabled, once the STP instruction is executed, an internal reset occurs. When this bit is set to “1”, it cannot be rewritten to “0” by program. This bit is cleared to “0” after reset. ●Initial value of watchdog timer At reset or writing to the watchdog timer control register (address 003916), each watchdog timer H and L are set to “FF16.” “FF16” is set when watchdog timer control register is written to. XCIN Data bus “0” “10” Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note) XIN “FF16” is set when watchdog timer control register is written to. Watchdog timer L (8) 1/16 “1 ” “00” “01” Watchdog timer H (8) Watchdog timer H count source selection bit STP instruction disable bit STP instruction Reset circuit RESET Internal reset Note: Any one of high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 7 and 6 of the CPU mode register. Fig. 47 Block diagram of Watchdog timer b7 b0 Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON : address 003916) Watchdog timer H (for read-out of high-order 6 bit) STP instruction disable bit 0: STP instruction enabled 1: STP instruction disabled Watchdog timer H count source selection bit 0: Watchdog timer L underflow 1: f(XIN)/16 or f(XCIN)/16 Fig. 48 Structure of Watchdog timer control register 43 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec.H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER RESET CIRCUIT To reset the microcomputer, RESET pin must be held at an “L” level for 20 cycles or more of XIN. Then the RESET pin is returned to an “H” level (the power source voltage must be between 2.7 V and 5.5 V, and the oscillation must be stable), reset is released. After the reset is completed, the program starts from the address contained in address FFFD 16 (high-order byte) and address FFFC16 (low-order byte). Make sure that the reset input voltage is less than 0.54 V for VCC of 2.7 V. Poweron RESET VCC Power source voltage 0V Reset input voltage 0V (Note) 0.2VCC Note : Reset release voltage; Vcc = 2.7 V RESET VCC Power source voltage detection circuit Fig. 49 Reset circuit example XIN φ RESET RESETOUT Address ? ? ? ? FFFC FFFD ADH,L Reset address from the vector table. Data ? ? ? ? ADL ADH SYNC XIN: 8 to 13 clock cycles Notes 1: The frequency relation of f(XIN) and f(φ) is f(XIN) = 8 • f(φ). 2: The question marks (?) indicate an undefined state that depends on the previous state. 3: All signals except XIN and RESET are internals. Fig. 50 Reset sequence 44 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec.H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Address Register contents Address Register contents (1) Port P0 (P0) 000016 0016 (37) A-D control register (ADCON) (2) Port P0 direction register (P0D) 000116 0016 (38) A-D conversion low-order register (ADL) 003516 X X X X X X X X (3) Port P1 (P1) 000216 0016 (39) A-D conversion high-order register (ADH) 003616 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X (4) Port P1 direction register (P1D) 000316 0016 (40) MISRG 003816 (5) Port P2 (P2) 000416 0016 (41) Watchdog timer control register (WDTCON) 003916 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 (6) Port P2 direction register (P2D) 000516 0016 (42) Interrupt edge selection register (INTEDGE) 003A16 (7) Port P3 (P3) 000616 0016 (43) CPU mode register (CPUM) 003B16 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 003C16 0016 003416 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0016 0016 (8) Port P3 direction register (P3D) 000716 0016 (44) Interrupt request register 1 (IREQ1) (9) Port P4 (P4) 000816 0016 (45) Interrupt request register 2 (IREQ2) 003D16 0016 (10) Port P4 direction register (P4D) 000916 0016 (46) Interrupt control register 1 (ICON1) 003E16 0016 (11) Serial I/O2 control register 1 (SIO2CON1) 001516 0016 (47) Interrupt control register 2 (ICON2) 003F16 0016 (12) Serial I/O2 control register 2 (SIO2CON2) 001616 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 (48) Processor status register (PS) (13) Serial I/O2 register (SIO2) 001716 X X X X X X X X (49) Program counter (PCH) FFFD16 contents (14) Transmit/Receive buffer register (TB/RB) 001816 X X X X X X X X (PCL) FFFC16 contents (15) Serial I/O1 status register (SIOSTS) 001916 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (16) Serial I/O1 control register (SIOCON) 001A16 (17) UART control register (UARTCON) 001B16 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 (18) Baud rate generator (BRG) 001C16 X X X X X X X X (19) PWM control register (PWMCON) 001D16 (20) PWM prescaler (PREPWM) 001E16 X X X X X X X X (21) PWM register (PWM) 001F16 X X X X X X X X (22) Prescaler 12 (PRE12) 002016 FF16 (23) Timer 1 (T1) 002116 0116 (24) Timer 2 (T2) 002216 0016 (25) Timer XY mode register (TM) 002316 0016 (26) Prescaler X (PREX) 002416 FF16 (27) Timer X (TX) 002516 FF16 (28) Prescaler Y (PREY) 002616 FF16 (29) Timer Y (TY) 002716 FF16 (30) Timer count source selection register (TCSS) 002816 0016 (31) 002B16 X X X X X X X X I2C data shift register (S0) 0016 X X X X X 1 X X Note : X : Not fixed Since the initial values for other than above mentioned registers and RAM contents are indefinite at reset, they must be set. 0016 (32) I2C address regiter (S0D) 002C16 (33) I2C status register (S1) 002D16 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 X (34) I2C control register (S1D) 002E16 0016 (35) I2C clock control register (S2) 002F16 0016 0016 (36) I2C start/stop condition control register (S2D) 003016 0 0 0 X X X X X Fig. 51 Internal status at reset 45 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec.H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER CLOCK GENERATING CIRCUIT The 7516 group (Spec H) has two built-in oscillation circuits: main clock XIN-XOUT oscillation circuit and sub clock XCIN-XCOUT oscillation circuit. An oscillation circuit can be formed by connecting a resonator between XIN and XOUT (XCIN and XCOUT). Use the circuit constants in accordance with the resonator manufacturer’s recommended values. No external resistor is needed between XIN and XOUT since a feed-back resistor exists on-chip. However, an external feed-back resistor is needed between XCIN and XCOUT. Immediately after power on, only the XIN oscillation circuit starts oscillating, and XCIN and XCOUT pins function as I/O ports. Frequency Control (1) Middle-speed mode The internal clock φ is the frequency of XIN divided by 8. After reset is released, this mode is selected. (2) High-speed mode RESET pin until the oscillation is stable since a wait time will not be generated. (2) Wait mode If the WIT instruction is executed, the internal clock φ stops at an “H” level, but the oscillator does not stop. The internal clock φ restarts at reset or when an interrupt is received. Since the oscillator does not stop, normal operation can be started immediately after the clock is restarted. To ensure that the interrupts will be received to release the STP or WIT state, their interrupt enable bits must be set to “1” before executing of the STP or WIT instruction. When releasing the STP state, the prescaler 12 and timer 1 will start counting the clock XIN divided by 16. Accordingly, set the timer 1 interrupt enable bit to “0” before executing the STP instruction. The internal clock φ is half the frequency of XIN. ■Note (3) Low-speed mode When using the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit set to “1”, evaluate time to stabilize oscillation of the used oscillator and set the value to the timer 1 and prescaler 12. The internal clock φ is half the frequency of XCIN. ■Note If you switch the mode between middle/high-speed and lowspeed, stabilize both XIN and XCIN oscillations. The sufficient time is required for the sub-clock to stabilize, especially immediately after power on and at returning from the stop mode. When switching the mode between middle/high-speed and low-speed, set the frequency on condition that f(XIN) > 3•f(XCIN). XCIN (4) Low power dissipation mode The low power consumption operation can be realized by stopping the main clock XIN in low-speed mode. To stop the main clock, set bit 5 of the CPU mode register to “1.” When the main clock XIN is restarted (by setting the main clock stop bit to “0”), set sufficient time for oscillation to stabilize. The sub-clock XCIN-XCOUT oscillation circuit can not directly input clocks that are generated externally. Accordingly, make sure to cause an external resonator to oscillate. XCOUT Rf CCIN XIN XOUT Rd CCOUT CI N Fig. 52 Ceramic resonator circuit Oscillation Control (1) Stop mode If the STP instruction is executed, the internal clock φ stops at an “H” level, and XIN and XCIN oscillation stops. When the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit is “0,” the prescaler 12 is set to “FF16” and timer 1 is set to “0116.” When the oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit is “1,” set the sufficient time for oscillation of used oscillator to stabilize since nothing is set to the prescaler 12 and timer 1. Either X IN or X CIN divided by 16 is input to the prescaler 12 as count source. Oscillator restarts when an external interrupt is received, but the internal clock φ is not supplied to the CPU (remains at “H”) until timer 1 underflows. The internal clock φ is supplied for the first time, when timer 1 underflows. This ensures time for the clock oscillation using the ceramic resonators to be stabilized. When the oscillator is restarted by reset, apply “L” level to the 46 XCIN XCOUT Rf XIN XOUT Open Rd External oscillation circuit CCIN CCOUT Vcc Vss Fig. 53 External clock input circuit COUT MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec.H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER ■Notes on middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit b7 b0 MISRG (MISRG : address 003816) When the middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit is set to “1” while operating in the low-speed mode, by detecting the rising/falling edge of the SCL or SDA pin, XIN oscillation automatically starts and the mode is automatically switched to the middle-speed mode. The timing which changes from the low-speed mode to the middle-speed mode can be set as 4.5 to 5.5 cycle, or 6.5 to 7.5 cycle in the low-speed mode by the middle-speed mode automatic switch waiting time set bit. Select according to the oscillation start characteristic of the XIN oscillator to be used. Oscillation stabilizing time set after STP instruction released bit 0: Automatically set “0116” to Timer 1, “FF16” to Prescaler 12 1: Automatically set nothing Middle-speed mode automatic switch set bit 0: Not set automatically 1: Automatic switching enable (Notes 1, 2) Middle-speed mode automatic switch wait time set bit 0: 4.5 to 5.5 machine cycles 1: 6.5 to 7.5 machine cycles Middle-speed mode automatic switch start bit (Depending on program) 0: Invalid 1: Automatic switch start (Note 2) Not used (return “0” when read) Notes 1: While operating in the low-speed mode, the mode can be automatically switched to the middle-speed mode by the SCL/SDA interrupt. 2: When the mode is automatically switched from the low-speed mode to the middle-speed mode, the value of CPU mode register (address 003B16) changes. Fig. 54 Structure of MISRG XCOUT XCIN “0” “1” Port XC switch bit XOUT XIN Timer 12 count source selection bit Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note 1) Low-speed mode 1/2 1/4 Prescaler 12 1/2 High-speed or middle-speed mode FF16 Timer 1 0116 Reset or STP instruction (Note 2) Main clock division ratio selection bits (Note 1) Middle-speed mode Timing φ (internal clock) High-speed or low-speed mode Main clock stop bit Q S R S Q STP instruction WIT instruction R Reset Q S R STP instruction Reset Interrupt disable flag l Interrupt request Notes 1: Any one of high-speed, middle-speed or low-speed mode is selected by bits 7 and 6 of the CPU mode register. When low-speed mode is selected, set port Xc switch bit (b4) to “1”. 2: When bit 0 of MISRG = “0” Fig. 55 System clock generating circuit block diagram (Single-chip mode) 47 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec.H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Reset C “0 M4 CM ” ← “1 6 → ”← “1 ” → “0 ” ” “0 → ” CM ” ← “0 “1 M6 → C ”← “1 CM7 = 0 CM6 = 1 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating) 4 CM7 = 0 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 0 (32 kHz stopped) CM6 “1” ←→ “0” C “0 M7 CM ” ← “1 6 → “1 ”← ” → “0 ” High-speed mode (f(φ) = 4 MHz) CM7 = 0 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating) CM7 “1” ←→ “0” CM4 “1” ←→ “0” CM7 = 0 CM6 = 1 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 0 (32 kHz stopped) Middle-speed mode (f(φ) = 1 MHz) High-speed mode (f(φ) = 4 MHz) CM6 “1” ←→ “0” CM4 “1” ←→ “0” Middle-speed mode (f(φ) = 1 MHz) CM5 “1” ←→ “0” Low-speed mode (f(φ)=16 kHz) CM7 = 1 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 0 (8 MHz oscillating) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating) Low-speed mode (f(φ)=16 kHz) CM7 = 1 CM6 = 0 CM5 = 1 (8 MHz stopped) CM4 = 1 (32 kHz oscillating) b7 b4 CPU mode register (CPUM : address 003B16) CM4 : Port Xc switch bit 0 : I/O port function (stop oscillating) 1 : XCIN-XCOUT oscillating function CM5 : Main clock (XIN- XOUT) stop bit 0 : Operating 1 : Stopped CM7, CM6: Main clock division ratio selection bits b7 b6 0 0 : φ = f(XIN)/2 ( High-speed mode) 0 1 : φ = f(XIN)/8 (Middle-speed mode) 1 0 : φ = f(XCIN)/2 (Low-speed mode) 1 1 : Not available Notes 1 : Switch the mode by the allows shown between the mode blocks. (Do not switch between the modes directly without an allow.) 2 : The all modes can be switched to the stop mode or the wait mode and return to the source mode when the stop mode or the wait mode is ended. 3 : Timer operates in the wait mode. 4 : When bit 0 of MISRG is “0” and the stop mode is ended, a delay of approximately 1 ms occurs by connecting timer 1 in middle/high-speed mode. 5 : When bit 0 of MISRG is “0” and the stop mode is ended, the following is performed. (1) After the clock is restarted, a delay of approximately 250 ms occurs in low-speed mode if Timer 12 count source selection bit is “0”. (2) After the clock is restarted, a delay of approximately 16 ms occurs in low-speed mode if Timer 12 count source selection bit is “1”. 6 : Wait until oscillation stabilizes after oscillating the main clock XIN before the switching from the low-speed mode to middle/high-speed mode. 7 : The example assumes that 8 MHz is being applied to the XIN pin and 32 kHz to the XCIN pin. φ indicates the internal clock. Fig. 56 State transitions of system clock 48 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER NOTES ON PROGRAMMING Processor Status Register A-D Converter The contents of the processor status register (PS) after a reset are undefined, except for the interrupt disable flag (I) which is “1.” After a reset, initialize flags which affect program execution. In particular, it is essential to initialize the index X mode (T) and the decimal mode (D) flags because of their effect on calculations. The comparator uses capacitive coupling amplifier whose charge will be lost if the clock frequency is too low. Therefore, make sure that f(XIN) in the middle/high-speed mode is at least on 500 kHz during an A-D conversion. Do not execute the STP instruction or the WIT instruction during an A-D conversion. Interrupts Instruction Execution Time The contents of the interrupt request bits do not change immediately after they have been written. After writing to an interrupt request register, execute at least one instruction before performing a BBC or BBS instruction. The instruction execution time is obtained by multiplying the frequency of the internal clock φ by the number of cycles needed to execute an instruction. The number of cycles required to execute an instruction is shown in the list of machine instructions. The frequency of the internal clock φ is half of the XIN frequency in high-speed mode. Decimal Calculations • To calculate in decimal notation, set the decimal mode flag (D) to “1”, then execute an ADC or SBC instruction. After executing an ADC or SBC instruction, execute at least one instruction before executing a SEC, CLC, or CLD instruction. • In decimal mode, the values of the negative (N), overflow (V), and zero (Z) flags are invalid. Timers If a value n (between 0 and 255) is written to a timer latch, the frequency division ratio is 1/(n+1). Multiplication and Division Instructions • The index X mode (T) and the decimal mode (D) flags do not affect the MUL and DIV instruction. • The execution of these instructions does not change the contents of the processor status register. Ports The contents of the port direction registers cannot be read. The following cannot be used: • The data transfer instruction (LDA, etc.) • The operation instruction when the index X mode flag (T) is “1” • The addressing mode which uses the value of a direction register as an index • The bit-test instruction (BBC or BBS, etc.) to a direction register • The read-modify-write instructions (ROR, CLB, or SEB, etc.) to a direction register. Use instructions such as LDM and STA, etc., to set the port direction registers. Serial I/O In serial I/O1 (clock synchronous mode), if the receive side is using an external clock and it is to output the SRDY1 signal, set the transmit enable bit, the receive enable bit, and the SRDY1 output enable bit to “1.” Serial I/O1 continues to output the final bit from the TXD pin after transmission is completed. SOUT2 pin for serial I/O2 goes to high impedance after transmission is completed. When an external clock is used as synchronous clock in serial I/O1 or serial I/O2, write transmission data to the transmit buffer register or serial I/O2 register while the transfer clock is “H.” NOTES ON USAGE Handling of Source Pins In order to avoid a latch-up occurrence, connect a capacitor suitable for high frequencies as bypass capacitor between power source pin (VCC pin) and GND pin (VSS pin) and between power source pin (V CC pin) and analog power source input pin (AV SS pin). Besides, connect the capacitor to as close as possible. For bypass capacitor which should not be located too far from the pins to be connected, a ceramic capacitor of 0.01 µF–0.1µF is recommended. EPROM Version/One Time PROM Version The CNVss pin is connected to the internal memory circuit block by a low-ohmic resistance, since it has the multiplexed function to be a programmable power source pin (VPP pin) as well. To improve the noise reduction, connect a track between CNVss pin and Vss pin or Vcc pin with 1 to 10 kΩ resistance. The mask ROM version track of CNVss pin has no operational interference even if it is connected to Vss pin or Vcc pin via a resistor. Electric Characteristic Differences between Mask ROM and One Time PROM Version MCUs There are differences in electric characteristics, operation margin, noise immunity, and noise radiation between mask ROM and One Time PROM version MCUs due to the differences in the manufacturing processes. When manufacturing an application system with One Time PROM version and then switching to use of the mask ROM version, perform sufficient evaluations for the commercial samples of the mask ROM version. 49 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER DATA REQUIRED FOR MASK ORDERS ROM PROGRAMMING METHOD The following are necessary when ordering a mask ROM production: 1. Mask ROM Order Confirmation Form✽ 2. Mark Specification Form✽ 3. Data to be written to ROM, in EPROM form (three identical copies) or one floppy disk. The built-in PROM of the blank One Time PROM version and buitin EPROM version can be read or programmed with a general-purpose PROM programmer using a special programming adapter. Set the address of PROM programmer in the user ROM area. DATA REQUIRED FOR One Time PROM PROGRAMMING ORDERS The following are necessary when ordering a PROM programming service: 1. ROM Programming Confirmation Form✽ 2. Mark Specification Form✽ (only special mark with customer’s trade mark logo) 3. Data to be programmed to PROM, in EPROM form (three identical copies) or one floppy disk. ✽For the mask ROM confirmation and the mark specifications, refer to the “Mitsubishi MCU Technical Information” Homepage (http://www.infomicom.maec.co.jp/indexe.htm). Table 13 Programming adapter Package Name of Programming Adapter 44PJX-A PCA7446 The PROM of the blank One Time PROM version is not tested or screened in the assembly process and following processes. To ensure proper operation after programming, the procedure shown in Figure 57 is recommended to verify programming. Programming with PROM programmer Screening (Caution) (150 °C for 40 hours) Verification with PROM programmer Functional check in target device Caution : The screening temperature is far higher than the storage temperature. Never expose to 150 °C exceeding 100 hours. Fig. 57 Programming and testing of One Time PROM version 50 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 14 Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VCC VI VI VI VI VO VO Pd Topr Tstg Parameter Conditions Power source voltage Input voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45, VREF Input voltage P22, P23 Input voltage RESET, XIN Input voltage M37516M4H, M37516M6H All voltages are based on VSS. Output transistors are cut off. M37516E6H Output voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45, XOUT Output voltage P22, P23 Power dissipation Operating temperature Storage temperature Ratings –0.3 to 6.5 Unit V –0.3 to VCC +0.3 V –0.3 to 5.8 –0.3 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to VCC +0.3 –0.3 to 13 V V –0.3 to VCC +0.3 V –0.3 to 5.8 300 –20 to 85 –40 to 125 V mW °C °C Ta = 25 °C V Table 15 Recommended operating conditions (1) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol VCC VSS VREF AVSS VIA VIH VIH VIH VIH VIH VIH VIL VIL VIL VIL VIL ΣIOH(peak) ΣIOH(peak) ΣIOL(peak) ΣIOL(peak) ΣIOL(peak) ΣIOH(avg) ΣIOH(avg) ΣIOL(avg) ΣIOL(avg) ΣIOL(avg) Parameter Power source voltage (At 8 MHz) Power source voltage (At 4 MHz) Power source voltage A-D convert reference voltage Analog power source voltage Analog input voltage AN0–AN5 “H” input voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 “H” input voltage (when I2C-BUS input level is selected) SDA1, SCL1 “H” input voltage (when I2C-BUS input level is selected) SDA2, SCL2 “H” input voltage (when SMBUS input level is selected) SDA1, SCL1 “H” input voltage (when SMBUS input level is selected) SDA2, SCL2 “H” input voltage RESET, XIN, CNVSS “L” input voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 “L” input voltage (when I2C-BUS input level is selected) SDA1, SDA2, SCL1, SCL2 “L” input voltage (when SMBUS input level is selected) SDA1, SDA2, SCL1, SCL2 “L” input voltage RESET, CNVSS “L” input voltage XIN “H” total peak output current P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P35 (Note) “H” total peak output current “L” total peak output current “L” total peak output current “L” total peak output current “H” total average output current “H” total average output current “L” total average output current “L” total average output current “L” total average output current P20, P21, P24–P27, P40–P45 (Note) P00–P07, P30–P35 (Note) P10–P17 (Note) P20–P27,P40–P45 (Note) P00–P07, P10–P17, P30–P35 (Note) P20, P21, P24–P27, P40–P45 (Note) P00–P07, P30–P35 (Note) P10–P17 (Note) P20–P27,P40–P45 (Note) Limits Min. 4.0 2.7 Typ. 5.0 5.0 0 Max. 5.5 5.5 Unit V AVSS 0.8VCC VCC VCC V V V V V 0.7VCC 5.8 V 0.7VCC VCC V 1.4 5.8 V 1.4 VCC V 0.8VCC 0 VCC 0.2VCC V 0 0.3VCC V 0 0.6 V 0 0.2VCC 0.16VCC V V –80 –80 80 120 80 –40 –40 40 60 40 mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA 2.0 VCC 0 0 V Note : The total output current is the sum of all the currents flowing through all the applicable ports. The total average current is an average value measured over 100 ms. The total peak current is the peak value of all the currents. 51 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 16 Recommended operating conditions (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol IOH(peak) IOL(peak) IOL(peak) IOH(avg) IOL(avg) IOL(avg) f(XIN) f(XIN) Parameter “H” peak output current P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 (Note 1) “L” peak output current P00–P07, P20–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 (Note 1) “L” peak output current P10–P17 (Note 1) “H” average output current P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 (Note 2) “L” average output current P00–P07, P20–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 (Note 2) “L” peak output current P10–P17 (Note 2) Internal clock oscillation frequency (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5V) (Note 3) Internal clock oscillation frequency (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5V) (Note 3) Notes 1: The peak output current is the peak current flowing in each port. 2: The average output current IOL(avg), IOH(avg) are average value measured over 100 ms. 3: When the oscillation frequency has a duty cycle of 50%. 52 Min. Limits Typ. Max. Unit –10 mA 10 mA 20 mA –5 mA 5 mA 15 8 mA MHz 4 MHz MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 17 Electrical characteristics (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol VOH VOL VOL Parameter “H” output voltage P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 (Note) “L” output voltage P00–P07, P20–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 “L” output voltage P10–P17 Test conditions IOH = –10 mA VCC = 4.0–5.5 V IOH = –1.0 mA VCC = 2.7–5.5 V IOL = 10 mA VCC = 4.0–5.5 V IOL = 1.0 mA VCC = 2.7–5.5 V IOL = 20 mA VCC = 4.0–5.5 V IOL = 10 mA VCC = 2.7–5.5 V Min. Typ. Max. Unit VCC–2.0 V VCC–1.0 V 2.0 V 1.0 V 2.0 V 1.0 V VT+–VT– Hysteresis CNTR0, CNTR1, INT0–INT3 0.4 V VT+–VT– Hysteresis RxD, SCLK 0.5 V 0.5 V VT+–VT– IIH IIH IIH IIL IIL IIL VRAM Hysteresis RESET “H” input current P00–P07, P10–P17, P20, P21, P24–P27, P30–P35, P40–P45 “H” input current RESET, CNVSS “H” input current XIN “L” input current P00–P07, P10–P17, P20–P27 P30–P35, P40–P45 “L” input current RESET,CNVSS “L” input current XIN RAM hold voltage VI = VCC 5.0 µA VI = VCC VI = VCC 5.0 µA µA –5.0 µA –5.0 µA µA V 4 VI = VSS VI = VSS VI = VSS When clock stopped –4 2.0 5.5 Note: P25 is measured when the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is “0”. 53 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 18 Electrical characteristics (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Limits Symbol ICC Parameter Power source current Test conditions High-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off” High-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off” Low-speed mode f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off” Low-speed mode f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz (in WIT state) Output transistors “off” Low-speed mode (VCC = 3 V) f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz Output transistors “off” Low-speed mode (VCC = 3 V) f(XIN) = stopped f(XCIN) = 32.768 kHz (in WIT state) Output transistors “off” Middle-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz f(XCIN) = stopped Output transistors “off” Middle-speed mode f(XIN) = 8 MHz (in WIT state) f(XCIN) = stopped Output transistors “off” Increment when A-D conversion is executed f(XIN) = 8 MHz All oscillation stopped (in STP state) Output transistors “off” 54 Ta = 25 °C Ta = 85 °C Min. Typ. Max. 6.8 13 1.6 Unit mA mA 60 200 µA 20 40 µA 20 55 µA 5.0 10.0 µA 4.0 7.0 mA 1.5 mA 800 µA 0.1 1.0 µA 10 µA MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 19 A-D converter characteristics (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = AVSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, f(XIN) = 8 MHz, f(XCIN) = 32 kHz, unless otherwise noted) Symbol Parameter Test conditions – – tCONV Resolution Absolute accuracy (excluding quantization error) Conversion time RLADDER IVREF Ladder resistor Reference power source input current II(AD) A-D port input current Limits Min. High-speed mode, middle-speed mode Low-speed mode VREF “on” VREF = 5.0 V VREF “off” 50 Typ. 40 35 150 0.5 Unit Max. 10 ±4 61 bit LSB tc(φ) 200 5.0 5.0 µs kΩ µA µA µA 55 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER TIMING REQUIREMENTS Table 20 Timing requirements (1) (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tW(RESET) tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) tWL(CNTR) tWH(INT) tWL(INT) tC(SCLK1) tWH(SCLK1) tWL(SCLK1) tsu(RxD-SCLK1) th(SCLK1-RxD) tC(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK2) tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) th(SCLK2-SIN2) Parameter Reset input “L” pulse width External clock input cycle time External clock input “H” pulse width External clock input “L” pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input cycle time CNTR0, CNTR1 input “H” pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input “L” pulse width INT0 to INT3 input “H” pulse width INT0 to INT3 input “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 clock input cycle time (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input “H” pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input “L” pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input set up time Serial I/O1 clock input hold time Serial I/O2 clock input cycle time Serial I/O2 clock input “H” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input “L” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input set up time Serial I/O2 clock input hold time Limits Min. 20 125 50 50 200 80 80 80 80 800 370 370 220 100 1000 400 400 200 200 Typ. Max. Unit XIN cycles ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Note : When f(XIN) = 8 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is “1” (clock synchronous). Divide this value by four when f(XIN) = 8 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is “0” (UART). Table 21 Timing requirements (2) (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tW(RESET) tC(XIN) tWH(XIN) tWL(XIN) tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) tWL(CNTR) tWH(INT) tWL(INT) tC(SCLK1) tWH(SCLK1) tWL(SCLK1) tsu(RxD-SCLK1) th(SCLK1-RxD) tC(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK2) tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) th(SCLK2-SIN2) Parameter Reset input “L” pulse width External clock input cycle time External clock input “H” pulse width External clock input “L” pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input cycle time CNTR0, CNTR1 input “H” pulse width CNTR0, CNTR1 input “L” pulse width INT0 to INT3 input “H” pulse width INT0 to INT3 input “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 clock input cycle time (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input “H” pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input “L” pulse width (Note) Serial I/O1 clock input set up time Serial I/O1 clock input hold time Serial I/O2 clock input cycle time Serial I/O2 clock input “H” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input “L” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock input set up time Serial I/O2 clock input hold time Note : When f(XIN) = 4 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is “1” (clock synchronous). Divide this value by four when f(XIN) = 8 MHz and bit 6 of address 001A16 is “0” (UART). 56 Limits Min. 20 250 100 100 500 230 230 230 230 2000 950 950 400 200 2000 950 950 400 300 Typ. Max. Unit XIN cycles ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Table 22 Switching characteristics 1 (VCC = 4.0 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tWH (SCLK1) tWL (SCLK1) td (SCLK1-TXD) tv (SCLK1-TXD) tr (SCLK1) tf (SCLK1) tWH (SCLK2) tWL (SCLK2) td (SCLK2-SOUT2) tv (SCLK2-SOUT2) tf (SCLK2) tr (CMOS) tf (CMOS) Parameter Test conditions Serial I/O1 clock output “H” pulse width Serial I/O1 clock output “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 output delay time (Note 1) Limits Min. Typ. tC(SCLK1)/2–30 tC(SCLK1)/2–30 Max. 140 –30 Serial I/O1 output valid time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 clock output rising time Serial I/O1 clock output falling time Serial I/O2 clock output “H” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock output “L” pulse width Serial I/O2 output delay time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output valid time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 clock output falling time CMOS output rising time (Note 3) CMOS output falling time (Note 3) 30 30 Fig. 59 tC(SCLK2)/2–160 tC(SCLK2)/2–160 200 0 10 10 30 30 30 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Notes 1: For tWH(SCLK1), tWL(SCLK1), when the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is “0”. 2: When the P01/SOUT2 and P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit of the Serial I/O2 control register (bit 7 of address 001516) is “0”. 3: The XOUT pin is excluded. Table 23 Switching characteristics 2 (VCC = 2.7 to 5.5 V, VSS = 0 V, Ta = –20 to 85 °C, unless otherwise noted) Symbol tWH (SCLK1) tWL (SCLK1) td (SCLK1-TXD) tv (SCLK1-TXD) tr (SCLK1) tf (SCLK1) tWH (SCLK2) tWL (SCLK2) td (SCLK2-SOUT2) tv (SCLK2-SOUT2) tf (SCLK2) tr (CMOS) tf (CMOS) Parameter Serial I/O1 clock output “H” pulse width Serial I/O1 clock output “L” pulse width Serial I/O1 output delay time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 output valid time (Note 1) Serial I/O1 clock output rising time Serial I/O1 clock output falling time Serial I/O2 clock output “H” pulse width Serial I/O2 clock output “L” pulse width Serial I/O2 output delay time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 output valid time (Note 2) Serial I/O2 clock output falling time CMOS output rising time (Note 3) CMOS output falling time (Note 3) Test conditions Limits Min. Typ. tC(SCLK1)/2–50 tC(SCLK1)/2–50 Max. 350 –30 50 50 Fig. 59 tC(SCLK2)/2–240 tC(SCLK2)/2–240 400 0 20 20 50 50 50 Unit ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Notes 1: For tWH(SCLK1), tWL(SCLK1), when the P25/TXD P-channel output disable bit of the UART control register (bit 4 of address 001B16) is “0”. 2: When the P01/SOUT2 and P02/SCLK2 P-channel output disable bit of the Serial I/O2 control register (bit 7 of address 001516) is “0”. 3: The XOUT pin is excluded. 57 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER MULTI-MASTER I2C-BUS BUS LINE CHARACTERISTICS Table 24 Multi-master I2C-BUS bus line characteristics Standard clock mode High-speed clock mode Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Max. Unit tBUF Bus free time 4.7 Min. 1.3 tHD;STA Hold time for START condition 4.0 0.6 µs tLOW Hold time for SCL clock = “0” 4.7 1.3 µs tR Rising time of both SCL and SDA signals tHD;DAT Data hold time tHIGH Hold time for SCL clock = “1” tF Falling time of both SCL and SDA signals tSU;DAT Data setup time tSU;STA tSU;STO 1000 0 µs 20+0.1Cb 300 ns 0 0.9 µs µs 0.6 4.0 300 20+0.1Cb 300 ns 250 100 ns Setup time for repeated START condition 4.7 0.6 µs Setup time for STOP condition 4.0 0.6 µs Note: Cb = total capacitance of 1 bus line SDA tHD:STA tBUF tLOW SCL P tR tF Sr S tHD:STA tHD:DAT tsu:STO tHIGH tsu:DAT P tsu:STA S : START condition Sr : RESTART condition P : STOP condition Fig. 58 Timing diagram of multi-master I2C-BUS 58 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Measurement output pin 100pF CMOS output Fig. 59 Circuit for measuring output switching characteristics (1) 59 MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER tC(CNTR) tWH(CNTR) CNTR0 CNTR1 tWL(CNTR) 0.8VCC 0.2VCC tWL(INT) tWH(INT) 0.8VCC INT0 to INT3 0.2VCC tW(RESET) RESET 0.8VCC 0.2VCC tC(XIN) tWL(XIN) tWH(XIN) 0.8VCC XIN SCLK1 SCLK2 tf 0.2VCC tC(SCLK1), tC(SCLK2) tWL(SCLK1), tWL(SCLK2) tWH(SCLK1), tWH(SCLK2) tr 0.8VCC 0.2VCC tsu(RxD-SCLK1), tsu(SIN2-SCLK2) RXD SIN2 0.8VCC 0.2VCC td(SCLK1-TXD), td(SCLK2-SOUT2) TXD SOUT2 Fig. 60 Timing diagram 60 th(SCLK1-RxD), th(SCLK2-SIN2) tv(SCLK1-TXD), tv(SCLK2-SOUT2) MITSUBISHI MICROCOMPUTERS 7516 Group (Spec. H) SINGLE-CHIP 8-BIT CMOS MICROCOMPUTER Keep safety first in your circuit designs! • Mitsubishi Electric Corporation puts the maximum effort into making semiconductor products better and more reliable, but there is always the possibility that trouble may occur with them. Trouble with semiconductors may lead to personal injury, fire or property damage. Remember to give due consideration to safety when making your circuit designs, with appropriate measures such as (i) placement of substitutive, auxiliary circuits, (ii) use of non-flammable material or (iii) prevention against any malfunction or mishap. • These materials are intended as a reference to assist our customers in the selection of the Mitsubishi semiconductor product best suited to the customer’s application; they do not convey any license under any intellectual property rights, or any other rights, belonging to Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or a third party. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation assumes no responsibility for any damage, or infringement of any third-party’s rights, originating in the use of any product data, diagrams, charts, programs, algorithms, or circuit application examples contained in these materials. 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The prior written approval of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation is necessary to reprint or reproduce in whole or in part these materials. If these products or technologies are subject to the Japanese export control restrictions, they must be exported under a license from the Japanese government and cannot be imported into a country other than the approved destination. Any diversion or reexport contrary to the export control laws and regulations of Japan and/or the country of destination is prohibited. Please contact Mitsubishi Electric Corporation or an authorized Mitsubishi Semiconductor product distributor for further details on these materials or the products contained therein. Notes regarding these materials • • • • • • • © 2002 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP. New publication, effective Oct. 2002. Specifications subject to change without notice. REVISION HISTORY Rev. 7516 GROUP (SPEC. H) DATA SHEET Date Description Summary Page 1.0 10/21/02 First Edition (1/1)