LM117 LM217, LM317 1.2 V to 37 V adjustable voltage regulators Features ■ Output voltage range: 1.2 to 37 V ■ Output current in excess of 1.5 A ■ 0.1 % line and load regulation ■ Floating operation for high voltages ■ Complete series of protections: current limiting, thermal shutdown and SOA control TO-220 TO-220FP Description The LM117, LM217, LM317 are monolithic integrated circuits in TO-220, TO-220FP, TO-3 and D²PAK packages intended for use as positive adjustable voltage regulators. They are designed to supply more than 1.5 A of load current with an output voltage adjustable over a 1.2 to 37 V range. The nominal output voltage is selected by means of only a resistive divider, making the device exceptionally easy to use and eliminating the stocking of many fixed regulators. Table 1. D²PAK TO-3 Device summary Order codes TO-220 D²PAK (tape and reel) TO-220FP TO-3 LM117K LM217T LM317T LM217T-DG (1) LM217D2T-TR LM317T-DG (1) LM317D2T-TR LM217K LM317P LM317K 1. TO-220 Dual Gauge frame. February 2012 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 1/25 www.st.com 25 Contents LM117, LM217, LM317 Contents 1 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Typical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6 Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 1 Pin configuration Figure 1. Pin connections (top view) Pin configuration TO-220 TO-220FP D²PAK (Any Type) TO-3 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 3/25 Maximum ratings LM117, LM217, LM317 2 Maximum ratings Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol VI - VO IO TOP PD TSTG Parameter Value Input-reference differential voltage Unit 40 V Output current Internally limited Operating junction temperature for: LM117 - 55 to 150 LM217 - 25 to 150 LM317 0 to 125 Power dissipation °C Internally limited Storage temperature - 65 to 150 °C Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied. Table 3. Thermal data Symbol Parameter RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case RthJA Thermal resistance junction-ambient 4/25 D²PAK TO-220 TO-220FP TO-3 Unit 3 5 5 4 °C/W 62.5 50 60 35 °C/W Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 3 Diagram Figure 2. Schematic diagram Diagram Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 5/25 Electrical characteristics 4 LM117, LM217, LM317 Electrical characteristics VI - VO = 5 V, IO = 500 mA, IMAX = 1.5 A and PMAX = 20 W, TJ = - 55 to 150 °C for LM117, TJ = - 25 to 150 °C for LM217, unless otherwise specified. Table 4. Symbol ΔVO ΔVO Electrical characteristics for LM117/LM217 Parameter Line regulation Test conditions TJ = 25°C VI - VO = 3 to 40 V VO ≤5 V IO = 10 mA to IMAX TJ = 25°C VO ≥5 V, IO = 10 mA to IMAX TJ = 25°C Adjustment pin current ΔIADJ Adjustment pin current VI - VO = 2.5 to 40V VREF Reference voltage (between pin 3 and pin 1) VI - VO = 2.5 to 40V IO= 10 mA to IMAX PD ≤ PMAX Minimum load current IO(max) Maximum load current SVR Unit 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.05 5 15 20 50 0.1 0.3 0.3 1 50 100 µA 0.2 5 µA 1.25 1.3 V mV % IO = 10 mA to IMAX 1.2 Output noise voltage (percentage of VO) 1 VI - VO = 40 V 3.5 VI - VO ≤ 15 V, PD < PMAX 1.5 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 mA 2.2 0.003 CADJ=0 CADJ=10µF 5 0.4 B = 10Hz to 100kHz, TJ = 25°C Supply voltage rejection (1) TJ = 25°C, f = 120Hz % A VI - VO = 40 V, PD < PMAX, TJ = 25°C 1. CADJ is connected between pin 1 and ground. 6/25 Max. %/V Output voltage temperature stability IO(min) eN Typ. Load regulation IADJ ΔVO/VO Min. % 65 dB 66 80 LM117, LM217, LM317 Electrical characteristics VI - VO = 5 V, IO = 500 mA, IMAX = 1.5 A and PMAX = 20 W, TJ = 0 to 125°C, unless otherwise specified. Table 5. Symbol ΔVO ΔVO Electrical characteristics for LM317 Parameter Line regulation Test conditions VI - VO = 3 to 40 V TJ = 25°C VO ≤ 5 V IO = 10 mA to IMAX TJ = 25°C VO ≥5 V, IO = 10 mA to IMAX TJ = 25°C Adjustment pin current ΔIADJ Adjustment pin current VI - VO = 2.5 to 40V, IO = 10 mA to 500mA VREF Reference voltage (between pin 3 and pin 1) VI - VO = 2.5 to 40V IO = 10 mA to 500mA PD ≤ PMAX Minimum load current IO(max) Maximum load current SVR Max. Unit 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.07 5 25 20 70 0.1 0.5 0.3 1.5 50 100 µA 0.2 5 µA 1.25 1.3 V %/V mV % 1.2 Output voltage temperature stability IO(min) eN Typ. Load regulation IADJ ΔVO/VO Min. Output noise voltage (percentage of VO) 1 VI - VO = 40 V 3.5 VI - VO ≤ 15 V, PD < PMAX 1.5 mA 2.2 0.4 B = 10Hz to 100kHz, TJ = 25°C 0.003 CADJ=0 CADJ=10µF 10 A VI - VO = 40 V, PD < PMAX, TJ = 25°C Supply voltage rejection (1) TJ = 25°C, f = 120Hz % % 65 dB 66 80 1. CADJ is connected between pin 1 and ground. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 7/25 Typical characteristics LM117, LM217, LM317 5 Typical characteristics Figure 3. Output current vs. input-output differential voltage Figure 5. Reference voltage vs. junction Figure 6. Basic adjustable regulator 8/25 Figure 4. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 Dropout voltage vs. junction temperature LM117, LM217, LM317 6 Application information Application information The LM117, LM217, LM317 provides an internal reference voltage of 1.25 V between the output and adjustments terminals. This is used to set a constant current flow across an external resistor divider (see Figure 3), giving an output voltage VO of: VO = VREF (1 + R2/R1) + IADJ R2 The device was designed to minimize the term IADJ (100 µA max) and to maintain it very constant with line and load changes. Usually, the error term IADJ × R2 can be neglected. To obtain the previous requirement, all the regulator quiescent current is returned to the output terminal, imposing a minimum load current condition. If the load is insufficient, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM117, LM217, LM317 is a floating regulator and "sees" only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of very high voltage with respect to ground can be regulated as long as the maximum input-to-output differential is not exceeded. Furthermore, programmable regulator are easily obtainable and, by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the device can be used as a precision current regulator. In order to optimize the load regulation, the current set resistor R1 (see Figure 3) should be tied as close as possible to the regulator, while the ground terminal of R2 should be near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing. Performance may be improved with added capacitance as follow: An input bypass capacitor of 0.1 µF An adjustment terminal to ground 10 µF capacitor to improve the ripple rejection of about 15 dB (CADJ). An 1 µF tantalum (or 25 µF Aluminium electrolytic) capacitor on the output to improve transient response. In additional to external capacitors, it is good practice to add protection diodes, as shown in Figure 4 D1 protect the device against input short circuit, while D2 protect against output short circuit for capacitance discharging. Figure 7. Voltage regulator with protection diodes Note: D1 protect the device against input short circuit, while D2 protects against output short circuit for capacitors discharging. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 9/25 Application information Figure 8. Slow turn-on 15 V regulator Figure 9. Current regulator LM117, LM217, LM317 IO = (VREF / R1) + IADJ = 1.25 V / R1 Figure 10. 5 V electronic shut-down regulator 10/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Application information Figure 11. Digitally selected outputs (R2 sets maximum VO) Figure 12. Battery charger (12 V) * RS sets output impedance of charger ZO = RS (1 + R2/R1). Use of RS allows low charging rates whit fully charged battery. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 11/25 Application information LM117, LM217, LM317 Figure 13. Current limited 6 V charger * R3 sets peak current (0.6 A for 1 0). ** C1 recommended to filter out input transients. 12/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 7 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK® packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK® specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK® is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-220 mechanical data Type STD - ST Dual Gauge Type STD - ST Single Gauge mm. mm. Dim. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 4.40 4.60 b 0.61 0.88 0.61 0.88 b1 1.14 1.70 1.14 1.70 c 0.48 0.70 0.48 0.70 D 15.25 15.75 15.25 15.75 D1 1.27 E 10.00 10.40 10.00 10.40 e 2.40 2.70 2.40 2.70 e1 4.95 5.15 4.95 5.15 F 1.23 1.32 0.51 0.60 H1 6.20 6.60 6.20 6.60 J1 2.40 2.72 2.40 2.72 L 13.00 14.00 13.00 14.00 L1 3.50 3.93 3.50 3.93 L20 16.40 16.40 L30 28.90 28.90 ∅P 3.75 3.85 3.75 3.85 Q 2.65 2.95 2.65 2.95 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 13/25 Package mechanical data LM117, LM217, LM317 Figure 14. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Dual Gauge) 0015988/A Note: 14/25 1 Max resin gate protrusion: 0.5 mm. 2 Resin gate position is accepted in each of the two positions shown on the drawing, or their symmetrical. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Package mechanical data Figure 15. Drawing dimension TO-220 (type STD-ST Single Gauge) 8174627_B Note: In spite of some difference in tolerances, the packages are compatible. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 15/25 Package mechanical data LM117, LM217, LM317 Figure 16. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Dual Gauge (mm.) Figure 17. Drawing dimension tube for TO-220 Single Gauge (mm.) 16/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Package mechanical data TO-3 mechanical data mm. Dim. Min. A inch. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. 11.85 B 0.96 Max. 0.466 1.05 1.10 0.037 0.041 0.043 C 1.70 0.066 D 8.7 0.342 E 20.0 0.787 G 10.9 0.429 N 16.9 0.665 P 26.2 R 3.88 1.031 4.09 U 0.152 39.5 V 1.555 30.10 1.185 A P D C O N B V E G U 0.161 R P003C/C Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 17/25 Package mechanical data LM117, LM217, LM317 TO-220FP mechanical data Dim. mm. Min. Typ inch. Max. Min. Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 0.173 0.181 B 2.5 2.7 0.098 0.106 D 2.5 2.75 0.098 0.108 E 0.45 0.70 0.017 0.027 F 0.75 1 0.030 0.039 F1 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 F2 1.15 1.50 0.045 0.059 G 4.95 5.2 0.194 0.204 G1 2.4 2.7 0.094 0.106 H 10.0 10.40 0.393 L2 L3 16 0.409 0.630 28.6 30.6 1.126 1.204 L4 9.8 10.6 0.385 0.417 L5 2.9 3.6 0.114 0.142 L6 15.9 16.4 0.626 0.645 L7 9 9.3 0.354 0.366 DIA. 3 3.2 0.118 0.126 7012510A-H 18/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Package mechanical data Figure 18. Drawing dimension D²PAK (type STD-ST) 0079457/L Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 19/25 Package mechanical data LM117, LM217, LM317 Figure 19. Drawing dimension D²PAK (type WOOSEOK-SUBCON.) 0079457/L 20/25 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Table 7. D²PAK mechanical data Dim. MIN. Type STD-ST Type WOOSEOK-Subcon. mm. mm. TYP. MAX. MIN. TYP. MAX. A 4.40 4.60 4.30 4.70 A1 0.03 0.23 0 0.20 b 0.70 0.93 0.70 0.90 b2 1.14 1.70 1.17 1.37 c 0.45 0.60 0.45 0.50 0.60 c2 1.23 1.36 1.25 1.30 1.40 D 8.95 9.35 9 9.20 9.40 D1 7.50 E 10 E1 8.50 e 7.50 10.40 9.80 10.20 7.50 2.54 2.54 e1 4.88 5.28 H 15 15.85 15 J1 2.49 2.69 2.20 2.60 L 2.29 2.79 1.79 2.79 L1 1.27 1.40 1 1.40 L2 1.30 1.75 1.20 1.60 R V2 Note: Package mechanical data 5.08 0.4 0° 15.30 15.60 0.30 8° 0° 3° The D²PAK package coming from the subcontractor Wooseok is fully compatible with the ST's package suggested footprint. Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 21/25 Package mechanical data LM117, LM217, LM317 Figure 20. D²PAK footprint recommended data Table 8. Footprint data Values 22/25 Dim. mm. inch. A 12.20 0.480 B 9.75 0.384 C 16.90 0.665 D 3.50 0.138 E 1.60 0.063 F 2.54 0.100 G 5.08 0.200 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Package mechanical data Tape & reel D2PAK-P2PAK-D2PAK/A-P2PAK/A mechanical data mm. inch. Dim. Min. Typ. A Max. Min. Typ. 180 13.0 7.086 C 12.8 D 20.2 0.795 N 60 2.362 T 13.2 Max. 0.504 0.512 14.4 0.519 0.567 Ao 10.50 10.6 10.70 0.413 0.417 0.421 Bo 15.70 15.80 15.90 0.618 0.622 0.626 Ko 4.80 4.90 5.00 0.189 0.193 0.197 Po 3.9 4.0 4.1 0.153 0.157 0.161 P 11.9 12.0 12.1 0.468 0.472 0.476 Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 23/25 Revision history LM117, LM217, LM317 8 Revision history Table 9. Document revision history Date Revision 01-Sep-2004 10 Mistake VREF ==> VO, tables 1, 4 and 5. 19-Jan-2007 11 D²PAK mechanical data has been updated, add footprint data and the document has been reformatted. 13-Jun-2007 12 Change values ΔIADJ and VREF test condition of IO = 10 mA to IMAX ==> IO = 10 mA to 500 mA on Table 5. 23-Nov-2007 13 Added Table 1. 06-Feb-2008 14 Added: TO-220 mechanical data Figure 14 on page 14 and Table 6 on page 13. 02-Mar-2010 15 Added: notes Figure 14 on page 14, Figure 15 on page 15, Figure 16 and Figure 17 on page 16. 17-Nov-2010 16 Modified: RthJC value for TO-220 Table 3 on page 4. 18-Nov-2011 17 Added: order code LM317T-DG Table 1 on page 1. 13-Feb-2012 18 Added: order code LM217T-DG Table 1 on page 1. 24/25 Changes Doc ID 2154 Rev 18 LM117, LM217, LM317 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. 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