RFSOLUTIONS ALPHA-TRX433S The alpha modules are extremely cost effective but high performance radio modules. Datasheet

ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
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ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
FM Transceiver Module
Low cost, high performance
Fast PLL lock time
Wakeup timer
2.2V – 3.8V power supply
Low power consumption
10MHz crystal for PLL timing
Clock and reset signal output for external MCU use
16 bit RX Data FIFO
SPI interface
Internal data filtering and clock recover
Digital signal strength indicator (DRSSI)
Programmable TX frequency deviation (from 15 to 240 KHz)
Programmable receiver bandwidth (from 67 to 400 kHz)
Standby current less than 0.3uA
Two 8 bit TX data registers
High data rate (up to 115.2 kbps with internal demodulator, with external RC filter highest data rate is
256 kbps)
O
• Operates from -45 to +85 C
Applications
Wireless Security Systems
Car Alarms
Remote Gate Controls
Remote Sensing
Data Capture
Sensor Reporting
Introduction
The Alpha Modules are extremely cost effective but high performance radio modules. Supplied in a
miniature Surface mount package this Transceiver module can Transmit/Receive at upto 115Kbps at a
maximum of 300m.
Operating at 2-5V, the module monitors its battery voltage and can sleep with very low standby current.
The module can wake intermittently and provide direct control outputs to a microcontroller making it
ideally suited to battery applications.
These Modules will suit one to one multi-node wireless links in applications including car and building
security, POS and inventory tracking, remote process monitoring.
Part Numbers
Part Number
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX868S
ALPHA-TRX915S
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
Description
FM Transceiver Module, preset to 433MHz
FM Transceiver Module, preset to 868MHz
FM Transceiver Module, preset to 915MHz
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 1
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
Pin Description
Pin
definition
Type
Function
11
9
12
13
8
1
2
nINT/VDI
VDD
SDI
SCK
ANT
SDO
nIRQ
DI/ DO
S
DI
DI
IN
DO
DO
3
FSK/DATA/nFFS
DI/DO/DI
4
DCLK/CFIL/FFIT
DO/AIO/DO
CLK
nRES
GND
nSEL
DO
DIO
S
DI
Interrupt input (active low)/Valid data indicator
Positive power supply
SPI data input
SPI clock input
Antenna Connection
Serial data output with bus hold
Interrupts request output active low
Transmit FSK data input/ Received data output
(FIFO not used)/ FIFO select
Clock output (no FIFO )/ external filter
capacitor(analog mode)/ FIFO interrupts(active
high)when FIFO level set to 1, FIFO empty
interruption can be achieved
Clock output for external microcontroller
Reset Input (active low
Power ground
Chip select (active low)
5
6
7, 10
14
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
(
)
)
Page 2
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
Mechanical Dimensions
Electrical Parameters
Maximum (not in working mode)
symbol
Vdd
Vin
Iin
ESD
Tst
Tld
parameter
Positive power supply
All pin input level
Input current except power
Human body model
Storage temperature
Soldering temperature(10s)
minimum
-0.5
-0.5
-25
-55
maximum
6.0
Vdd+0.5
25
1000
125
260
Unit
V
V
mA
V
℃
℃
Recommended working range
symbol
Vdd
Top
DSALPHA-TRX-6
parameter
Positive power supply
Working temperature
Feb ‘11
minimum
2.2
-40
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
maximum
3.8
85
Page 3
Unit
V
℃
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
DC characteristic
symbol
Idd_TX_0
parameter
Supply current
(TX mode, Pout = 0dBm)
Supply current
(TX mode, Pout = Pmax)
Supply current
(RX mode)
Stand by current
Idd_TX_PMAX
Idd_RX
Ix
Ipd
Ilb
Vlb
Vlba
Sleep mode current
Low battery detection
Low battery step
Low battery detection
accuracy
Low level input
High level input
Leakage current
Leakage current
Low level output
High level output
Vil
Vih
Iil
Iih
Vol
Voh
Remark
433MHz band
915MHz band
433MHz band
915MHz band
433MHz band
915MHz band
Crystal and base band
on
All blocks off
minimum
0.1V per step
2.2
typical
13
17
21
25
10
13
3. 0
maximum
mA
mA
3. 5
0.3
0.5
5.3
75
0.3*Vdd
Vil=0V
Vih=Vdd, Vdd=5.4V
Iol=2mA
Ioh=-2mA
0.7*Vdd
-1
-1
Unit
mA
1
1
0.4
Vdd-0.4
mA
uA
uA
V
mV
V
V
uA
uA
V
V
AC characteristic
symbol
fref
fLO
fLO
fLO
BW
parameter
PLL frequency
frequency
(10MHz crystal
used)
frequency
(8MHZ crystal
used)
frequency
(12MHZ crystal
used)
Receiver
bandwidth
tlock
PLL lock time
BR
Data rate
BRA
Data rate
remark
433 MHz band,2.5KHz step
915 MHz band,7.5KHz step
min
8
430.24
900.72
433 MHz band,2.5KHz step
915 MHz band,7.5KHz step
344.19
720.57
351.80
743.41
MHz
433 MHz band,2.5KHz step
915 MHz band,7.5KHz step
3516.28
1080.8
527.71
1115.1
MHz
1
2
3
4
5
6
After 10MHz step hopping,
frequency error <10 kHz
With internal digital
demodulator
With external RC filter
60
120
180
240
300
360
BW=134KHz,BR=1.2kbps,433MHz band
BW=134KHz,BR=1.2kbps,915MHz band
AFCrange
AFC working range
RSA
RSR
CARSSI
RSSTEP
RSSI accuracy
RSSI range
ARSSI filter
RSSI
programmable step
DRSSI response
time
RSRESP
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
dfFSK FSK deviation in the
received signal
RSSI output high after valid ,
CARRSI=5nF
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
typical
10
67
134
200
270
350
400
20
max
12
439.75
929.27
75
150
225
300
375
450
Unit
MHz
MHz
KHz
us
0.6
-106
-102
0.8* dfFSK
115.2
kbps
256
-100
-95
kbps
±5
46
1
6
dB
dB
nF
dB
500
us
Page 4
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
AC characteristic(Transmitter)
symbol
parameter
Pout
Typical output power
Co
Lout
Output capacitance
(set by the automatic antenna
tuning circuit)
Quality factor of the output
capacitance
Output phase noise
BR
dffsk
FSK bit rate
FSK frequency deviation
Qo
remark
433MHz band
915MHz band
Selectable in 3 dB
steps
In low bands
In high bands
min
3
-2
Pmax-21
typical
5
0
max
Unit
Pmax
dbm
2
2.1
2.6
2.7
3.2
3.3
pf
In low bands
In high bands
100 kHz from carrier
1 MHz from carrier
13
8
15
10
17
12
-75
-85
256
240
Programmable in 15
kHz steps
15
dbc/HZ
kbps
kHZ
AC characteristic(Turn-on/Turnaround timings)
symbol
Tst
parameter
Crystal oscillator startup
time
Transmitter - Receiver
turnover time
Receiver - Transmitter
turnover time
remark
Crystal ESR < 100
Synthesizer off, crystal oscillator
on
Synthesizer off, crystal oscillator
on
450
us
350
us
us
300
us
tPOR
Internal POR timeout
tPBt
Wake-up timer clock
period
Digital input apacitance
Digital output rise/fall
time
Synthesizer on, crystal oscillator
on
Synthesizer on, crystal oscillator
on
Programmable in 0.5 pF steps,
tolerance+/- 10%
After Vdd has reached 90% of
final value
Calibrated every 30 seconds
425
Cxl
Transmitter - Receiver
turnover time
Receiver - Transmitter
turnover time
Crystal load capacitance
Ttx_rx_XTAL_ON
Trx_tx_XTAL_ON
Ttx_rx_SYNT_ON
Trx_tx_SYNT_ON
Cin, D
tr, f
min
typical
8.5
0.96
15pF pure capacitive load
max
5
Unit
ms
16
pf
100
ms
1.05
ms
2
10
pf
ns
R F Solutions Ltd.,
Unit 21, Cliffe Industrial Estate,
Lewes, E. Sussex. BN8 6JL. England.
Email : [email protected]
http://www.rfsolutions.co.uk
Information contained in this document is believed to be accurate, however no representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by R.F. Solutions Ltd. with respect to the accuracy of
such information. Use of products as critical components in life support systems is not authorised except with express written approval from R.F. Solutions Ltd.
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 5
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
Programming guide
Brief description
ALPHA-TRX supports a command interface to setup frequency, deviation, output power and also data
rate. There is no need to change any hardware when using frequency-hopping applications
Commands
Timing diagram
Configuration Setting Command
bit
15
1
14
0
13
0
12
0
11
0
10
0
9
0
8
0
7
el
6
ef
5
b1
4
b0
3
x3
2
x2
1
x1
e l: Enable TX register
e f: Enable RX FIFO buffer
b1..b0: select band
b1
0
0
1
1
b0
0
1
0
1
band[MHz]
Reserved
433
868
915
x3..x0: select crystal load capacitor
x3
0
0
0
0
1
1
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
x2
0
0
0
0
1
1
x1
0
0
1
1
1
1
x0
0
1
0
1
0
1
load capacitor [pF]
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
15.5
16.0
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 6
0
x0
POR
8008h
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
Power Management Command
bit
15
1
14
0
13
0
12
0
11
0
10
0
9
1
8
0
7
er
6
ebb
5
et
4
es
3
ex
2
eb
1
ew
0
dc
POR
8208h
8
f8
7
f7
6
f6
5
f5
4
f4
3
f3
2
f2
1
f1
0
f0
POR
A680h
2
r2
1
r1
0
r0
POR
C623h
er: Enable receiver
ebb: Enable base band block
et: Enable transmitter
es: Enable synthesizer
ex: Enable crystal oscillator
eb: Enable low battery detector
ew: Enable wake-up timer
dc: Disable clock output of CLK pin
Frequency Setting Command
bit
15
1
14
0
13
1
12
0
11
f11
10
f10
9
f9
f11..f0: Set operation frequency:
433band: Fc=430+F*0.0025 MHz
868band: Fc=860+F*0.0050 MHz
915band: Fc=900+F*0.0075 MHz
Fc is carrier frequency and F is the frequency parameter. 36≤F≤3903
Data Rate Command
bit
15
1
14
1
13
0
12
0
11
0
10
1
9
1
8
0
7
cs
6
r6
5
r5
4
r4
3
r3
r6..r0: Set data rate:
BR=10000000/29/( R+1) /( 1+cs*7)
Receiver Control Command
bit
15
1
14
0
13
0
12
1
11
0
10
9
P16 d1
8
d0
7
i2
6
i1
5
i0
4
g1
3
g0
2
r2
1
r1
0
r0
P16: select function of pin16
P16
0
Interrupt input
1
VDI output
i2..i0:select baseband bandwidth
I2
i1
i0
Baseband Bandwidth [kHz]
0
0
0
reserved
0
0
1
0
1
0
340
0
1
1
270
1
0
0
200
1
0
1
134
1
1
0
67
1
1
1
reserved
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
400
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 7
POR
9080h
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
d1..d0: select VDI response time
d1
0
0
1
1
d0
0
1
0
1
Response
Fast
Medium
Slow
Always on
g1..g0: select LNA gain
g1
0
0
1
1
g0
0
1
0
1
LNA gain (dBm)
0
-6
-14
-20
r2..r0: select DRSSI threshold
r2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
r1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
r0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
RSSIsetth [dBm]
-103
-97
-91
-85
-79
-73
Reserved
Reserved
The actual DRSSI threshold is related to LNA setup: SSIth = RSSIsetth + GLNA.
Data Filter Command
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POR
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
al
ml
1
s
1
f2
f1
f0
C22Ch
al: Enable clock recovery auto-lock
ml: Enable clock recovery fast mode
s: select data filter type
s
Filter type
Digital filter
0
Analog RC filter
1
f1..f0: Set DQD threshold
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 8
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
FIFO and Reset Mode Command
bit
15 14 13 12 11
10
9
8
7
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
f3
f3..f0: Set FIFO interrupt level
sp: Select the length of the synchron pattern:
sp
0
1
Byte1
2Dh
Not used
6
f2
5
f1
Byte0 (POR)
D4h
D4h
4
f0
3
sp
2
al
1
ff
0
dr
POR
CA80h
Synchron Pattern (Byte1+Byte0)
2DD4h
D4h
al: select FIFO fill start condition
al
condition
0
Sync-word
1
Always
ff: Enable FIFO fill
dr: Disable hi sensitivity reset mode
Synchron pattern Command
bit
15
1
14
1
13
0
12
0
11
1
10
1
9
1
8
0
7
b7
6
b6
5
b5
4
b4
3
b3
2
b2
1
b1
0
b0
POR
CED4h
This command is used to reprogram the synchronic pattern;
Receiver FIFO Read Command
bit
15
1
14
0
13
1
12
1
11
0
10
0
9
0
8
0
7
0
6
0
5
0
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
POR
B000h
This command is used to read FIFO data when FFIT interrupt generated. FIFO data output
starts at 8th SCK period.
AFC Command
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POR
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
a1
a0
rl1
rl0
st
fi
oe
en
C4F7h
a1..a0: select AFC auto-mode:
a1
0
0
1
1
a0
0
1
0
1
Controlled by MCU
Run once at power on
Keep offset when VDI hi
Keeps independently from VDI
rl1..rl0: select range limit
r1
0
0
1
1
r0
0
1
0
1
Range (fres)
No restriction
+15/-16
+7/-8
+3-4
freq
315, 433band: 2.5kHz
868band: 5kHz
915band: 7.5kHz
st: st goes hi will store offset into output register
fi: Enable AFC hi accuracy mode
oe: Enable AFC output register
en: Enable AFC function
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 9
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
TX Configuration Control Command
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POR
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
mp
m3
m2
m1
m0
0
p2
p1
p0
9800h
1
1
0
bw0
m: select modulation polarity
m2..m0: select frequency deviation:
m3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
m2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
m1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
frequency deviation [kHz]
m0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
195
210
225
240
p2..p0: select output power
p2
p1
p0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Output
power[dBm]
0
-3
-6
-9
-12
-15
-18
-21
PLL Setting Command
bit
15
1
14
1
13
0
12
0
11
1
10
1
9
0
8
0
7
0
6
ob1
5
ob0
4
lpx
3
ddy
2
ddit
ob1-ob0: Microcontroller output clock buffer rise and fall time control.
ob1
0
0
1
ob0
0
1
X
Selected uC CLK frequency
5 or 10 MHz (recommended)
3.3 MHz
2.5 MHz or less
lpx: select low power mode of the crystal oscillator.
lpx
0
1
Crystal start-up time (typ)
1 ms
2 ms
Power consumption (typ)
620 uA
460 uA
ddy: phase detector delay enable.
ddi: disables the dithering in the PLL loop.
bw1-bw0: select PLL bandwidth
bw0
0
1
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Max bit rate [kbps]
86.2
256
Feb ‘11
Phase noise at 1MHz offset [dBc/Hz]
-107
-102
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 10
POR
CC67h
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
Transmitter Register Write Command
bit
15 14 13 12 11 10 9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
t7
t6
t5
t4
t3
t2
This command is use to write a data byte to RF12 and then RF12 transmit it
1
t1
0
t0
POR
B8AAh
1
m1
0
m0
POR
E196h
Wake-Up Timer Command
bit
15
1
14
1
13
1
12
r4
11
r3
10
r2
9
r1
8
r0
7
m7
6
m6
5
m5
4
m4
3
m3
2
m2
The wake-up period is determined by:
R
Twake-up = M * 2 [ms]
For continual operation, bit ‘et’ must be cleared and set
Low Duty-Cycle Command
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POR
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
d6
d5
d4
d3
d2
d1
d0
en
C8OEh
d6..d0: Set duty cycle
D.C.= (D * 2 +1) / M *100%
En: Enable low duty cycle mode
Low Battery Detector and Microcontroller Clock Divider Command
bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
POR
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
d2
d1
d0
0
v3
v2
v1
v0
C000h
d2..d0: select frequency of CLK pin
d2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
d1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
d0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
Clock frequency[MHz]
1
1.25
1.66
2
2.5
3.33
5
10
CLK signal is derive form crystal oscillator and it can be applied to MCU clock in to save a second
crystal.
If not used, please set bit “dc” to disable CLK output
To integrate the load capacitor internal can not only save cost, but also adjust reference frequency
by software
v3..v0: Set threshold voltage of Low battery detector: Vlb=2.2+V*0.1 [V]
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 11
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
Status Read Command
bit
Bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
15
0
14
x
13
x
12
x
11
x
10
x
9
x
8
x
7
x
6
x
5
x
4
x
3
x
2
x
1
x
0
x
POR
-
TX ready for next byte or FIFO received data status
Power on reset status
TX Register under run or RX FIFO Overflow status
Wakeup timer overflow status
Interrupt on external source status
Low battery detect status
FIFO empty status
Antenna tuning signal strength
Received signal strength indicator
Data Quality Detector status
Clock Recovery Locked status
Toggling in each AFC cycle
Measured Offset Frequency Sign Value 1='+', 0='-'
Measured offset Frequency value (3 bits))
Measured offset Frequency value (3 bits))
Measured offset Frequency value (3 bits))
This command starts with a 0 and be used to read internal status register. Data output starts at
8th SCK period.
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 12
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
Transmitter Operation Flow
Start
Initialise
ALPHA Module
Open Tx
Send Data
Close Tx
Send Data
Wait nIRQ Low
Write a byte
Package send
Over?
Return
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 13
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
ALPHA RF TRANSCEIVER
ALPHA-TRX433S
ALPHA-TRX915S
Receiver Operation Flow
Start
Initialise
ALPHA Module
Open Rx
Receive Data
N
Check Pass?
Y
Indicate Receive
Receive Data
Wait nIRQ Low
Read FIFO
Data
N
Data Receive
Over?
Y
Return
After Initialisation, open FIFO receive mode and wait for nIRQ low, only then can the MCU read received and stored data in FIFO.
For the next received package please reset FIFO
DSALPHA-TRX-6
Feb ‘11
2009 RF Solutions Ltd.
Page 14
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