MICREL MIC5233

MIC5233
Micrel
MIC5233
High Input Voltage, Low IQ µCap LDO Regulator
General Description
Features
The MIC5233 is a 100mA highly accurate, low dropout
regulator with high input voltage and ultra-low ground current.
This combination of high voltage and low ground current
makes the MIC5233 ideal for multi-cell Li-Ion battery
systems.
A µCap LDO design, the MIC5233 is stable with either
ceramic or tantalum output capacitor. It only requires a 2.2µF
capacitor for stability.
Features of the MIC5233 include enable input, thermal shutdown, current limit, reverse battery protection, and
reverse leakage protection.
Available in fixed and adjustable output voltage versions, the
MIC5233 is offered in the IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package with
a junction temperature range of –40°C to +125°C.
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•
•
•
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Wide input voltage range: 2.3V to 36V
Ultra low ground current: 18µA
Low dropout voltage of 270mV at 100mA
High output accuracy of ±2.0% over temperature
µCap: stable with ceramic or tantalum capacitors
Excellent line and load regulation specifications
Zero shutdown current
Reverse battery protection
Reverse leakage protection
Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
IttyBitty™ SOT-23-5 package
Applications
•
•
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Keep-alive supply in notebook and portable computers
USB power supply
Logic supply for high-voltage batteries
Automotive electronics
Battery powered systems
3-4 cell Li-Ion battery input range
Ordering Information
Part Number
Marking
Voltage
Junction Temp. Range
Package
MIC5233-1.8BM5
L318
1.8V
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
MIC5233-2.5BM5
L325
2.5V
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
MIC5233-3.0BM5
L330
3.0V
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
MIC5233-3.3BM5
L333
3.3V
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
MIC5233-5.0BM5
L350
5.0V
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
MIC5233BM5
L3AA
ADJ.
–40°C to +125°C
SOT-23-5
Typical Application
1
CIN=1.0µF
3
EN
VOUT
5
2
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
MIC5233BM5
VIN
OFF ON
40
R1
COUT=2.2µF
ceramic
R2
IGND=18µA
4
35
30
IOUT = 100µA
20
15
10
4
Ultra-Low Current Adjustable Regulator Application
IOUT = 1mA
25
IOUT = 10µA
8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
IttyBitty is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.
Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com
August 2003
1
MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Pin Configuration
EN GND IN
3
2
1
L3xx
4
5
NC or
ADJ.
OUT
SOT-23-5
Pin Description
SOT-23-5
Pin Name
Pin Function
1
IN
Supply Input.
2
GND
3
EN
4
5
MIC5233
Ground.
Enable (Input): Logic low = shutdown; logic high = enable
NC (fixed)
No Connect.
ADJ (ADJ.)
Adjust (Input): Feedback input. Connect to resistive voltage-divider network.
OUT
Regulator Output.
2
August 2003
MIC5233
Micrel
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Operating Ratings (Note 2)
Input Supply Voltage ....................................... –20V to 38V
Enable Input Voltage ...................................... –0.3V to 38V
Power Dissipation .................................... Internally Limited
Junction Temperature .............................. –40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature ............................... –65°C to +150°C
ESD Rating, Note 3
Input Supply Voltage ........................................ 2.3V to 36V
Enable Input Voltage ........................................... 0V to 36V
Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... –40°C to +125°C
Package Thermal Resistance
SOT-23-5 (θJA) .................................................. 235°C/W
Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
TA = 25°C with VIN = VOUT + 1V; IOUT = 100µA; VEN ≥ 2V; Bold values indicate –40°C < TJ < +125°C; unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Condition
Min
Output Voltage Accuracy
Variation from nominal VOUT
–1.0
–2.0
Line Regulation
VIN = VOUT + 1V to 36V
Load Regulation
Dropout Voltage
Max
Units
+1.0
+2.0
%
%
0.04
0.5
%
IOUT = 100µA to 100mA
0.25
1
%
IOUT = 100µA
IOUT = 50mA
50
230
IOUT = 100mA
270
300
400
400
450
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
IOUT = 100µA
18
IOUT = 50mA
IOUT = 100mA
0.35
1
30
35
0.70
2
µA
µA
mA
mA
Ground Current in Shutdown
VEN ≤ 0.6V; VIN = 36V
0.1
1
µA
Short Circuit Current
VOUT = 0V
190
350
mA
Output Leakage,
Reverse Polarity Input
Load = 500Ω; VIN = –15V
–0.1
Ground Current
Typ
µA
Enable Input
Input Low Voltage
Regulator OFF
0.6
Input High Voltage
Regulator ON
2.0
Enable Input Current
VEN = 0.6V; Regulator OFF
VEN = 2.0V; Regulator ON
VEN = 36V; Regulator ON
–1.0
Note 1.
Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device.
Note 2.
The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating.
Note 3.
Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF.
Note 4.
Specification for packaged product only.
August 2003
3
V
V
0.01
0.1
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.5
µA
µA
µA
MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Typical Characteristics
60
40
30
20
10
0.1
1
10
100
FREQUENCY (kHz)
450
400
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
1000
Dropout
Characteristics
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
ILOAD = 100µA
2.5
ILOAD = 50mA
2.0
ILOAD = 100mA
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
ILOAD = 10mA
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
-40 -20 0
VIN = 4V
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Ground Pin Current
vs. Temperature
75
20 40 60 80 100 120
400
380
280
260
240
-40 -20 0
MIC5233
18
16 VIN = 12V
IOUT = 100µA
IOUT = 10µA
4
1200
1100
200
1.5
IOUT=100mA
IOUT = 50mA
2
2.5
3
3.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
Ground Pin Current
vs. Temperature
ILOAD = 100mA
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
0.90
0.85
0.80
-40 -20 0
40
800
700
400
300
100 200 300 400 500
OUTPUT CURRENT (µA)
20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
1000
900
600
500
VIN = 4V
14
12
Ground Pin Current
vs. Input Voltage
IOUT = 10µA
2
2.5
3
3.5
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
20 40 60 80 100 120
VIN = 36V
VIN = 24V
22
20
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
20
10
0
1.5
26
24
1.20
ILOAD = 50mA
320
300
Ground Pin Current
vs. Input Voltage
70
60
50 IOUT = 1mA
40
30
Ground Pin Current
vs. Temperature
360
340
220
200
30
28
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
90
80
50
0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Ground Pin Current
vs. Output Current
800
700
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
80
150
100
20
40
60
80
100
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
1000
900
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
3.0
250
200
Ground Pin Current
vs. Output Current
3.5
IOUT = 100mA
350
300
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
0
0.01
500
300
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
PSRR (dB)
50
350
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
IOUT = 100mA
GROUND CURRENT (µA)
70
Dropout Voltage
vs. Temperature
Dropout Voltage
vs. Output Current
Power Supply
Rejection Ratio
4
Ground Pin Current
vs. Input Voltage
35
30
IOUT = 1mA
25
IOUT = 100µA
20
15
10
4
IOUT = 10µA
8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
August 2003
MIC5233
Micrel
Input Current
vs. Supply Voltage
100
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT CURRENT (mA)
3.05
80
60
40
VEN = 5V
RLOAD = 30Ω
20
0
-20
-10
0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
10
Output Voltage
vs. Temperature
ILOAD = 100µA
3.04
3.03
3.02
3.01
3.00
2.99
2.98
2.97
2.96
2.95
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
120
300
Short Circuit Current
vs. Temperature
250
200
150
100
50
VIN = 4V
0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE
(100mA/div.)
(200mV/div.)
Load Transient Response
100mA
0mA
VIN = 4V
VOUT = 3V
COUT = 4.7µF ceramic
TIME (400µs/div.)
August 2003
5
MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Functional Diagrams
OUT
IN
EN
ENABLE
R1
VREF
R2
GND
Block Diagram – Fixed Output Voltage
OUT
IN
EN
ENABLE
R1
VREF
ADJ
R2
GND
Block Diagram – Adjustable Output Voltage
MIC5233
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August 2003
MIC5233
Micrel
Applications Information
θJA Recommended
Minimum Footprint
SOT-23-5
235°C/W
Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance
Package
Enable/Shutdown
The MIC5233 comes with an active-high enable pin that
allows the regulator to be disabled. Forcing the enable pin low
disables the regulator and sends it into a “zero” off-modecurrent state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator
goes nearly to zero. Forcing the enable pin high enables the
output voltage.
Input Capacitor
The MIC5233 has high input voltage capability up to 36V. The
input capacitor must be rated to sustain voltages that may be
used on the input. An input capacitor may be required when
the device is not near the source power supply or when
supplied by a battery. Small, surface mount, ceramic capacitors can be used for bypassing. A larger value may be
required if the source supply has high ripple.
Output Capacitor
The MIC5233 requires an output capacitor for stability. The
design requires 2.2µF or greater on the output to maintain
stability. The design is optimized for use with low-ESR
ceramic chip capacitors. High-ESR capacitors may cause
high frequency oscillation. The maximum recommended
ESR is 3Ω. The output capacitor can be increased without
limit. Larger valued capacitors help to improve transient
response.
X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7Rtype capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of
ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change
value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their
operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an
X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capacitance over the equivalent operating temperature range.
No-Load Stability
The MIC5233 will remain stable and in regulation with no load
unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially
important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications.
Thermal Consideration
The MIC5233 is designed to provide 100mA of continuous
current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation
can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage
drop across the part. To determine the maximum power
dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation:
The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be
determined using the equation:
PD = (VIN – VOUT)IOUT + VIN×IGND
Substituting PD(MAX) for PD and solving for the operating
conditions that are critical to the application will give the
maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For
example, when operating the MIC5233-3.0BM5 at 50°C with
a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a
set output current can be determined as follows:
 125°C − 50°C 
PD(MAX) = 

 235°C/W 
PD(MAX) = 319mW
The junction-to-ambient (θJA) thermal resistance for the
minimum footprint is 235°C/W, from Table 1. It is important
that the maximum power dissipation not be exceeded to
ensure proper operation. Since the MIC5233 was designed
to operate with high input voltages, careful consideration
must be given so as not to overheat the device. With very high
input-to-output voltage differentials, the output current is
limited by the total power dissipation. Total power dissipation
is calculated using the following equation:
PD = (VIN – VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND
Due to the potential for input voltages up to 36V, ground
current must be taken into consideration.
If we know the maximum load current, we can solve for the
maximum input voltage using the maximum power dissipation calculated for a 50°C ambient, 319mV.
PDMAX = (VIN – VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND
319mW = (VIN – 3V)100mA + VIN x 2.8mA
Ground pin current is estimated using the typical characteristics of the device.
619mW = VIN (102.8mA)
VIN = 6.02V
For higher current outputs only a lower input voltage will work
for higher ambient temperatures.
Assuming a lower output current of 10mA, the maximum input
voltage can be recalculated:
319mW = (VIN – 3V)10mA + VIN x 0.1mA
349mW = VIN x 10.1mA
VIN = 34.9V
Maximum input voltage for a 10mA load current at 50°C
ambient temperature is 34.9V, utilizing virtually the entire
operating voltage range of the device.
 TJ(MAX) − TA 
PD(MAX) = 

θ JA


TJ(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature of the die,
125°C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. θJA is
layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of the junctionto-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC5233.
August 2003
7
MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Adjustable Regulator Application
The MIC5233BM5 can be adjusted from 1.24V to 20V by
using two external resistors (Figure 1). The resistors set the
output voltage based on the following equation:
  R 
VOUT = VREF 1 +  1  
  R2  
Where VREF = 1.24V.
Feedback resistor R2 should be no larger than 300kΩ.
VIN
MIC5233BM5
VOUT
IN
OUT
EN
ADJ.
R1
1.0µF
GND
2.2µF
R2
Figure 1. Adjustable Voltage Application
MIC5233
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August 2003
MIC5233
Micrel
Package Information
1.90 (0.075) REF
0.95 (0.037) REF
1.75 (0.069)
1.50 (0.059)
3.00 (0.118)
2.60 (0.102)
DIMENSIONS:
MM (INCH)
1.30 (0.051)
0.90 (0.035)
3.02 (0.119)
2.80 (0.110)
0.20 (0.008)
0.09 (0.004)
10°
0°
0.15 (0.006)
0.00 (0.000)
0.50 (0.020)
0.35 (0.014)
0.60 (0.024)
0.10 (0.004)
SOT-23-5 (M5)
MICREL, INC.
TEL
1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
FAX
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
USA
http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this datasheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use.
Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer.
Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can
reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into
the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser’s
use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify
Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale.
© 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.
August 2003
9
MIC5233