OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 LM150QML 3-Amp Adjustable Regulators Check for Samples: LM150QML FEATURES DESCRIPTION • • • • • • The LM150 adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator is capable of supplying in excess of 3A over a 1.2V to 33V output range. It is exceptionally easy to use and requires only 2 external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation are comparable to discrete designs. Also, the LM150 is packaged in standard transistor package which is easily mounted and handled. 1 2 Adjustable Output Down to 1.2V Ensured 3A Output Current Ensured Thermal Regulation Output is Short Circuit Protected Current Limit Constant with Temperature 86 dB Ripple Rejection APPLICATIONS • • • Adjustable Power Supplies Constant Current Regulators Battery Chargers In addition to higher performance than fixed regulators, the LM150 offers full overload protection available only in IC's. Included on the chip are current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is accidentally disconnected. Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An output capacitor can be added to improve transient response, while bypassing the adjustment pin will increase the regulator's ripple rejection. Besides replacing fixed regulators or discrete designs, the LM150 is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is “floating” and sees only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i.e., avoid short-circuiting the output. By connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment pin and output, the LM150 can be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground which programs the output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current. 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Connection Diagram ADJUSTMENT VIN Case is Output Bottom View TO-3 Metal Can Package See Package Number K02C Schematic Diagram These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) Power Dissipation (2) Internally Limited Input-Output Voltage Differential +35V −65°C ≤ TA ≤ +150°C Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) 300°C ESD Tolerance TBD −55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C Operating Temperature Range (1) (2) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not ensure specific performance limits. For ensured specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The specified specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test conditions. The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (package junction to ambient thermal resistance), and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PDmax = (TJmax - TA)/θJA or the number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. Quality Conformance Inspection Mil-Std-883, Method 5005 - Group A Subgroup Description Temp °C 1 Static tests at 25 2 Static tests at 125 3 Static tests at -55 4 Dynamic tests at 25 5 Dynamic tests at 125 6 Dynamic tests at -55 7 Functional tests at 25 8A Functional tests at 125 8B Functional tests at -55 9 Switching tests at 25 10 Switching tests at 125 11 Switching tests at -55 12 Settling time at 25 13 Settling time at 125 14 Settling time at -55 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 3 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com LM150 Electrical Characteristics DC Parameters The following conditions apply, unless otherwise specified. DC: VDiff = 5V, VO = VRef, IO = 1.5A. Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes VRef Reference Voltage VLoad 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 3.0V, IL = 3.0A 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 35V, IL = 10mA 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 1.2 1.3 V 1, 2, 3 -3.8 3.8 mV 1 2, 3 3V ≤ VDiff ≤ 35V, ILoad = 10mA VDiff = 30V, 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 300mA 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 3A, VO = 5.0V TReg Thermal Regulation IAdj Adjust Pin Current IQ Quiescent Current ΔIAdj Delta Adjustment Current Current Limit t = 20mS See (1) See (2) (3) See (2) (3) -19.0 19.0 mV See (3) (4) (5) -3.6 3.6 mV 1 See (3) (4) (5) -12.0 12.0 mV 2, 3 See (3) -2.0 2.0 mV 1 See (3) -5.0 5.0 mV 2, 3 See (3) (4) (6) -15.0 15.0 mV 1 See (3) (4) (6) -50.0 50.0 mV 2, 3 See (7) -9.75 9.75 mV 1 100 µA 1, 2, 3 100 µA 1, 2, 3 5.0 mA 1, 2, 3 5.0 mA 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 35V, IO = 10mA VDiff = 35V 3V ≤ VDiff ≤ 35V IO = 10mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 3A -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 30V, 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 300mA -5.0 5.0 µA 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 10V 3.0 A 1, 2, 3 VDiff = 30V 0.3 A 1, 2, 3 1.0 %/VO 2 100 mV 1, 2, 3 ΔVO / Δt Long Term Stability TA = +125°C, t = 1000 Hrs, VDiff = 3.0V, IL = 10mA VDrop Voltage Dropout VDiff = 2.9V, IL = 3A (1) (2) (3) Subgroups 1.2 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 3A, VO = VRef Load Regulation Unit 1.2 VDiff = 30V, IL = 300mA Line Regulation Max VDiff = 3.0V, IL = 10mA VDiff = 10V, IL = 3.0A VLine Min See (8) -100 Represents worst case power dissipation of 30W. Limits = 0.01% of VO @ 25°C, 0.05% @ −55°C, +125°C per volt of VDiff change at VO = VRef. Regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specifications for thermal regulation. These VO conditions are worst case Limits are equivalent to 15mV @ 25°C and 50mV @ −55°C, +125°C @ VO = 5.0V. Limits = 0.3% of VO @ 25°C, 1.0% @ −55°C, +125°C @ VO = 5.0V. Limits = 0.01% of VO @ 25°C per Watt of power dissipation at PD = 7.5W. Periodic Group C testing. (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) LM150 Electrical Characteristics AC Parameters Symbol RR 4 Parameter Ripple Rejection Conditions ƒ = 120 Hz, eI = 1VRMS, CAdj = 10µF, VO = 10V Submit Documentation Feedback Notes Min 66 Max Unit Subgroups dB 4, 5, 6 Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Typical Performance Characteristics Load Regulation Current Limit Figure 1. Figure 2. Adjustment Current Dropout Voltage Figure 3. Figure 4. Temperature Stability Minimum Operating Current Figure 5. Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 5 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) 6 Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection Figure 7. Figure 8. Ripple Rejection Output Impedance Figure 9. Figure 10. Line Transient Response Load Transient Response Figure 11. Figure 12. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 APPLICATION HINTS In operation, the LM150 develops a nominal 1.25V reference voltage, VRef, between the output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage of (1) Since the 50 μA current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM150 was designed to minimize IAdj and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output, the output will rise. EXTERNAL CAPACITORS An input bypass capacitor is recommended. A 0.1 μF disc or 1 μF solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output capacitors are used but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM150 to improve ripple rejection. This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10 μF bypass capacitor 86 dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10 μF do not appreciably improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120 Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current paths and damaging the device. In general, the best type of capacitors to use is solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25 μF in aluminum electrolytic to equal 1 μF solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies, but some types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5 MHz. For this reason, 0.01 μF disc may seem to work better than a 0.1 μF disc as a bypass. Although the LM150 is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1 μF solid tantalum (or 25 μF aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. LOAD REGULATION The LM150 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the output terminal (usually 240Ω) should be tied directly to the output (case) of the regulator rather than near the load. This eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For example, a 15V regulator with 0.05Ω resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due to line resistance of 0.05Ω × IOUT. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be 0.05Ω (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse. Figure 13 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240Ω set resistor. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 7 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Figure 13. Regulator with Line Resistance in Output Lead With the TO-3 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two separate leads to the case. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. PROTECTION DIODES When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10 μF capacitors have low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is enough energy to damage parts of the IC. When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM150, this discharge path is through a large junction that is able to sustain 25A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output capacitors of 25 μF or less, there is no need to use diodes. The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM150 is a 50Ω resistor which limits the peak discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25V or less and 10 μF capacitance. Figure 14 shows an LM150 with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25V and high values of output capacitance. D1 protects against C1 D2 protects against C2 Figure 14. Regulator with Protection Diodes 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Typical Applications Full output current not available at high input-output voltages. †Optional—improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1 μF to 1000 μF of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients. *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. Note: Usually R1 = 240Ω for LM150 and R1 = 120Ω. Figure 15. 1.2V–25V Adjustable Regulator *Adjust for 3.75V across R1 Figure 16. Precision Power Regulator with Low Temperature Coefficient Figure 17. Slow Turn-ON 15V Regulator Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 9 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com †Solid tantalum *Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground Figure 18. Adjustable Regulator with Improved Ripple Rejection Figure 19. High Stability 10V Regulator *Sets maximum VO Figure 20. Digitally Selected Outputs 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Figure 21. Regulator and Voltage Reference *Minimum load current 50 mA Figure 22. 10A Regulator *Minimum output ≈ 1.2V Figure 23. 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown* Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 11 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Full output current not available at high input-output voltages Figure 24. 0 to 30V Regulator †Solid tantalum *Lights in constant current mode Figure 25. 5A Constant Voltage/Constant Current Regulator 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Figure 26. 12V Battery Charger *0.4 ≤ R1 ≤ 120Ω Figure 27. Adjustable Current Regulator Figure 28. Precision Current Limiter *Minimum output current ≈ 4 mA Figure 29. .2V–20V Regulator with Minimum Program Current Figure 30. 3A Current Regulator Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 13 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Figure 31. Tracking Preregulator †Minimum load—10 mA *All outputs within ±100 mV Figure 32. Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators with Single Control* Use of RS allows low charging rates with fully charged battery. **1000 μF is recommended to filter out any input transients Figure 33. AC Voltage Regulator 14 Figure 34. Simple 12V Battery Charger Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML OBSOLETE LM150QML www.ti.com SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 Figure 35. Simple 12V Battery Charger Figure 36. Light Controller *Sets peak current (2A for 0.3Ω) **1000 μF is recommended to filter out any input transients. Figure 37. Adjustable 10A Regulator Figure 38. Current Limited 6V Charger Figure 39. 6A Regulator Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML 15 OBSOLETE LM150QML SNVS383B – MARCH 2006 – REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com REVISION HISTORY Released Revision Section Changes 03/10/06 A New Release, Corporate format 1 MDS data sheet converted into one Corp. data sheet format. MNLM150-X Rev. 0BL will be archived. 09/27/2010 B Obsolete Data Sheet End Of Life on Product/NSID Dec. 2009 Changes from Revision A (April 2013) to Revision B • 16 Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 15 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150QML PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 26-Jul-2016 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) LM150G MD8 ACTIVE Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty DIESALE Y 0 100 Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) -55 to 125 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. 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