Datasheet, Version 3.0, Septem ber 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Off-Line SMPS Current Mode C o n t ro l l e r w i t h i n t e g ra t e d 6 5 0 V / 800V CoolM O S™ P o w e r M a n a g em e n t & S u p p l y N e v e r s t o p t h i n k i n g . CoolSET™-F2 Revision History: 2001-09-19 Previous Version: First One Page Datasheet Subjects (major changes since last revision) For questions on technology, delivery and prices please contact the Infineon Technologies Offices in Germany or the Infineon Technologies Companies and Representatives worldwide: see our webpage at http:// www.infineon.com CoolMOS™, CoolSET™ are trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG. We Listen to Your Comments Any information within this document that you feel is wrong, unclear or missing at all? Your feedback will help us to continuously improve the quality of this document. Please send your proposal (including a reference to this document) to: [email protected] Edition 2001-09-19 Published by Infineon Technologies AG, St.-Martin-Strasse 53, D-81541 München © Infineon Technologies AG 1999. All Rights Reserved. Attention please! The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as warranted characteristics. Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved. We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein. Infineon Technologies is an approved CECC manufacturer. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office in Germany or our Infineon Technologies Representatives worldwide (see address list). Warnings Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Off-Line SMPS Current Mode Controller with integrated 650V/800V CoolMOS™ Product Highlights • • • • Best of Class in DIP8 Package No Heatsink required Lowest Standby Power Dissipation Enhanced Protection Functions all with Auto Restart Mode P-DIP-8-6 Features Description • • • • • • The second generation COOLSET™-F2 provides several special enhancements to satisfy the needs for low power standby and protection features. In standby mode frequency reduction is used to lower the power consumption and support a stable output voltage in this mode. The frequency reduction is limited to 21.5 kHz to avoid audible noise. In case of failure modes like open loop, overvoltage or overload due to short circuit the device switches in Auto Restart Mode which is controlled by the internal protection unit. By means of the internal precise peak current limitation the dimension of the transformer and the secondary diode can be lower which leads to more cost efficiency. • • • • • • • • 650V/800V Avalanche Rugged CoolMOS™ Only few external Components required Input Undervoltage Lockout 100kHz Switching Frequency Max Duty Cycle 72% Low Power Standby Mode to meet European Commission Requirements Thermal Shut Down with Auto Restart Overload and Open Loop Protection Overvoltage Protection during Auto Restart Adjustable Peak Current Limitation via External Resistor Overall Tolerance of Current Limiting < ±5% Internal Leading Edge Blanking User defined Soft Start Soft Switching for Low EMI Typical Application + 85 ... 270 VAC Converter DC Output Snubber RStart-up - CVCC VCC Drain Feedback Low Power StandBy Power Management SoftS Soft-Start Control CSoft Start CoolMOS™ PWM Controller Current Mode Isense Precise Low Tolerance Peak Current Limitation RSense FB Protection Unit GND PWM-Controller Feedback CoolSET™-F2 Type Ordering Code Package UDS FOSC RDSon1) 230VAC ±15%2) ICE2A165 Q67040-S4426 P-DIP-8-6 650V 100kHz 3.0Ω 31W 18W ICE2A265 Q67040-S4414 P-DIP-8-6 650V 100kHz 0.9Ω 52W 32W ICE2A365 Q67040-S4415 P-DIP-8-6 650V 100kHz 0.45Ω 67W 45W ICE2A180 ES Samples available P-DIP-8-6 800V 100kHz 3.0Ω 31W 18W ICE2A280 Q67040-S4416 800V 100kHz 0.8Ω 54W 34W P-DIP-8-6 1) typ @ T=25°C 2) Maximum power rating at Ta=75°C, Tj=125°C and with copper area on PCB = 6cm², Datasheet 3 85-265 VAC2) September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Table of Contents Page 1 1.1 1.2 Pin Configuration and Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Pin Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2 Representative Blockdiagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 3 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.3 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.5 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Improved Current Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 PWM-OP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 PWM-Comparator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Soft-Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Oscillator and Frequency Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Frequency Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Current Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Leading Edge Blanking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Propagation Delay Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 PWM-Latch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Protection Unit (Auto Restart Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Overload & Open loop with normal load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Overvoltage due to open loop with no load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Thermal Shut Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Supply Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Internal Voltage Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Control Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Protection Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Current Limiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 CoolMOS™ Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 5 Typical Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 6 Outline Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Datasheet 4 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Pin Configuration and Functionality 1 Pin Configuration and Functionality 1.1 Pin Configuration Pin 1.2 SoftS (Soft Start & Auto Restart Control) This pin combines the function of Soft Start in case of Start Up and Auto Restart Mode and the controlling of the Auto Restart Mode in case of an error detection. Symbol Function 1 SoftS Soft-Start 2 FB Feedback 3 Isense Controller Current Sense Input, CoolMOS™ Source Output 4 Drain 650V1)/800V CoolMOS™ Drain 5 Drain 650V2)/800V CoolMOS™ Drain 6 N.C Not connected 7 VCC Controller Supply Voltage 8 GND Controller Ground 1) at Tj = 110°C 2) at Tj = 110°C FB (Feedback) The information about the regulation is provided by the FB Pin to the internal Protection Unit and to the internal PWM-Comparator to control the duty cycle. Isense (Current Sense) The Current Sense pin senses the voltage developed on the series resistor inserted in the source of the integrated CoolMOS™. When Isense reaches the internal threshold of the Current Limit Comparator, the Driver output is disabled. By this means the Over Current Detection is realized. Furthermore the current information is provided for the PWM-Comparator to realize the Current Mode. Drain (Drain of integrated CoolMOS™) Pin Drain is the connection to the Drain of the internal CoolMOSTM. Package P-DIP-8-6 SoftS 1 8 GND FB 2 7 VCC Isense 3 6 N.C 4 5 Drain Figure 1 Datasheet Pin Functionality VCC (Power supply) This pin is the positiv supply of the IC. The operating range is between 8.5V and 21V. To provide overvoltage protection the driver gets disabled when the voltage becomes higher than 16.5V during Start Up Phase. GND (Ground) This pin is the ground of the primary side of the SMPS. Drain Pin Configuration (top view) 5 September 2001 Figure 2 Datasheet FB CSoft-Start T1 6 Thermal Shutdown C3 C4 C2 C1 GND Protection Unit Tj >140°C 4.8V 5.3V 4.0V CoolSET™-F2 RFB 6.5V 5.6V RSoft-Start 6.5V 16.5V VCC G2 G1 8.5V fosc 100kHz 21.5kHz R S Q Q UFB Error-Latch Spike Blanking 5µs Power-Up Reset Power-Down Reset 13.5V x3.65 C5 PWM Comparator Soft-Start Comparator 6.5V 5.3V 4.8V 4.0V Improved Current Mode PWM OP 0.8V 0.3V Soft Start Voltage Reference Internal Bias Power Management Undervoltage Lockout Standby Unit G3 CVCC CLine G4 Current Limiting R S Vcsth Q Q PWM-Latch 0.72 Propagation-Delay Compensation Current-Limit Comparator 21.5-100kHz Clock Duty Cycle max Oscillator Leading Edge Blanking 200ns Gate Driver D1 10kΩ CoolMOS™ Drain Snubber Optocoupler Isense RSense + Converter DC Output VOUT - 2 SoftS 85 ... 270 VAC RStart-up CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Representative Blockdiagram Representative Blockdiagram Representative Blockdiagram September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description 3 Functional Description 3.1 Power Management 3.2 M ain L in e (1 00 V -3 80 V ) Improved Current Mode S o ft-S ta rt C o m p a ra to r R S tart-U p P rim ary W in ding P W M -L a tch FB C VC C R Q D rive r VCC P W M C o m p a ra to r Pow er M anagem ent S U n de rvolta g e Q In te rn a l L o ckou t B ias 0 .8V 1 3 .5V 8 .5 V P o w er-D ow n 6.5 V R e set 5.3 V V o lta g e PW M OP x3 .6 5 4.8 V R efe ren ce Ise n se 4.0 V P o w er-U p Im proved C urrent M ode R e se t R Q P W M -L atch Figure 4 6 .5 V S R Soft-Sta rt S o ftS Q Current Mode means that the duty cycle is controlled by the slope of the primary current. This is done by comparison the FB signal with the amplified current sense signal. E rro r-L a tch S o ft-S ta rt C om p ara tor C S oft-Start T1 Current Mode E rror-D ete ctio n A m p lified C u rren t S ig n al Figure 3 Power Management FB The Undervoltage Lockout monitors the external supply voltage VVCC. In case the IC is inactive the current consumption is max. 55µA. When the SMPS is plugged to the main line the current through RStart-up charges the external Capacitor CVCC. When VVCC exceeds the on-threshold VCCon=13.5V the internal bias circuit and the voltage reference are switched on. After it the internal bandgap generates a reference voltage VREF=6.5V to supply the internal circuits. To avoid uncontrolled ringing at switch-on a hysteresis is implemented which means that switch-off is only after active mode when Vcc falls below 8.5V. In case of switch-on a Power Up Reset is done by reseting the internal error-latch in the protection unit. When VVCC falls below the off-threshold VCCoff=8.5V the internal reference is switched off and the Power Down reset let T1 discharging the soft-start capacitor CSoft-Start at pin SoftS. Thus it is ensured that at every switch-on the voltage ramp at pin SoftS starts at zero. Datasheet 0 .8 V D rive r t T on t Figure 5 Pulse Width Modulation In case the amplified current sense signal exceeds the FB signal the on-time Ton of the driver is finished by reseting the PWM-Latch (see Figure 5). 7 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description The primary current is sensed by the external series resistor RSense inserted in the source of the integrated CoolMOS™. By means of Current Mode the regulation of the secondary voltage is insensitive on line variations. Line variation causes varition of the increasing current slope which controls the duty cycle. The external RSense allows an individual adjustment of the maximum source current of the integrated CoolMOS™. V OSC m a x. D u ty C yc le V olta ge R a m p t S oft-S tart C o m p ara to r P W M C o m pa ra to r 0 .8 V FB FB 0 .3 V P W M -La tch O s cilla to r G a te D rive r 0.3V t C5 G a te D rive r V O SC 0.8V 1 0 kΩ x3 .6 5 R1 T2 C1 V1 2 0p F t PW M OP Figure 7 3.2.1 V oltage Ram p Figure 6 PWM-OP The input of the PWM-OP is applied over the internal leading edge blanking to the external sense resistor RSense connected to pin ISense. RSense converts the source current into a sense voltage. The sense voltage is amplified with a gain of 3.65 by PWM OP. The output of the PWM-OP is connected to the voltage source V1. The voltage ramp with the superimposed amplified current singal is fed into the positive inputs of the PWMComparator, C5 and the Soft-Start-Comparator. Improved Current Mode To improve the Current Mode during light load conditions the amplified current ramp of the PWM-OP is superimposed on a voltage ramp, which is built by the switch T2, the voltage source V1 and the 1st order low pass filter composed of R1 and C1(see Figure 6, Figure 7). Every time the oscillator shuts down for max. duty cycle limitation the switch T2 is closed by VOSC. When the oscillator triggers the Gate Driver T2 is opened so that the voltage ramp can start. In case of light load the amplified current ramp is to small to ensure a stable regulation. In that case the Voltage Ramp is a well defined signal for the comparison with the FB-signal. The duty cycle is then controlled by the slope of the Voltage Ramp. By means of the C5 Comparator the Gate Driver is switched-off until the voltage ramp exceeds 0.3V. It allows the duty cycle to be reduced continously till 0% by decreasing VFB below that threshold. Datasheet Light Load Conditions 3.2.2 PWM-Comparator The PWM-Comparator compares the sensed current signal of the integrated CoolMOSTM with the feedback signal VFB (see Figure 8). VFB is created by an external optocoupler or external transistor in combination with the internal pullup resistor RFB and provides the load information of the feedback circuitry. When the amplified current signal of the integrated CoolMOS™ exceeds the signal VFB the PWM-Comparator switches off the Gate Driver. 8 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description pullup resistor RSoft-Start. The Soft-Start-Comparator compares the voltage at pin SoftS at the negative input with the ramp signal of the PWM-OP at the positive input. When Soft-Start voltage VSoftS is less than Feedback voltage VFB the Soft-Start-Comparator limits the pulse width by reseting the PWM-Latch (see Figure 9). In addition to Start-Up, Soft-Start is also activated at each restart attempt during Auto Restart. By means of the above mentioned CSoft-Start the Soft-Start can be defined by the user. The Soft-Start is finished when VSoftS exceeds 5.3V. At that time the Protection Unit is activated by Comparator C4 and senses the FB by Comparator C3 wether the voltage is below 4.8V which means that the voltage on the secondary side of the SMPS is settled. The internal Zener Diode at SoftS with breaktrough voltage of 5.6V is to prevent the internal circuit from saturation (see Figure 10). 6 .5 V S o ft-S ta rt C o m p ara to r R FB FB P W M -L atch P W M C o m p a rato r 0 .8 V O p to co u p le r PW M OP Ise n se 6 .5 V x3 .65 R S o ft-S ta rt Im proved Current M ode 3.3 E rro r-L a tc h S o ftS 6 .5 V 5 .3 V Figure 8 P o w e r-U p R e s e t 5 .6 V C4 G2 R Q S Q R Q PWM Controlling 4 .8 V R FB Soft-Start FB C3 G a te D riv e r C lo c k V S oftS S Q P W M -L a tc h Figure 10 5 .6 V 5 .3 V The Start-Up time TStart-Up within the converter output voltage VOUT is settled must be shorter than the SoftStart Phase TSoft-Start (see Figure 11). T S oft-S tart G a te D rive r Activation of Protection Unit C Soft − Start = t T Soft − Start R Soft − Start × 1, 69 By means of Soft-Start there is an effective minimization of current and voltage stresses on the integrated CoolMOS™, the clamp circuit and the output overshoot and prevents saturation of the transformer during Start-Up. t Figure 9 Soft-Start Phase The Soft-Start is realized by the internal pullup resistor RSoft-Start and the external Capacitor CSoft-Start (see Figure 2). The Soft-Start voltage VSoftS is generated by charging the external capacitor CSoft-Start by the internal Datasheet 9 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description V S o ftS kHz 100 f OSC 5 .3 V T S oft-S ta rt V FB 65 21,5 0,9 t 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 2 V V FB 4 .8 V Figure 12 3.5 V OUT T S ta rt-U p t Start Up Phase 3.4 Oscillator and Frequency Reduction 3.4.1 Oscillator 3.5.1 The oscillator generates a frequency fswitch = 100kHz. A resistor, a capacitor and a current source and current sink which determine the frequency are integrated. The charging and discharging current of the implemented oscillator capacitor are internally trimmed, in order to achieve a very accurate switching frequency. The ratio of controlled charge to discharge current is adjusted to reach a max. duty cycle limitation of Dmax=0.72. 3.4.2 Current Limiting There is a cycle by cycle current limiting realised by the Current-Limit Comparator to provide an overcurrent detection. The source current of the integrated CoolMOSTM is sensed via an external sense resistor RSense . By means of RSense the source current is transformed to a sense voltage VSense. When the voltage VSense exceeds the internal threshold voltage Vcsth the Current-Limit-Comparator immediately turns off the gate drive. To prevent the Current Limiting from distortions caused by leading edge spikes a Leading Edge Blanking is integrated at the Current Sense. Furthermore a Propagation Delay Compensation is added to support the immedeate shut down of the CoolMOS™ in case of overcurrent. t V O UT Figure 11 Frequency Dependence Leading Edge Blanking V S en s e V c s th t L E B = 22 0 ns Frequency Reduction The frequency of the oscillator is depending on the voltage at pin FB. The dependence is shown in Figure 12. This feature allows a power supply to operate at lower frequency at light loads thus lowering the switching losses while maintaining good cross regulation performance and low output ripple. In case of low power the power consumption of the whole SMPS can now be reduced very effective. The minimal reachable frequency is limited to 21.5 kHz to avoid audible noise in any case. Datasheet t Figure 13 Leading Edge Blanking Each time when CoolMOS™ is switched on a leading spike is generated due to the primary-side capacitances and secondary-side rectifier reverse recovery time. To avoid a premature termination of the switching pulse this spike is blanked out with a time constant of tLEB = 220ns. During that time the output of the Current-Limit Comparator cannot switch off the gate drive. 10 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description 3.5.2 The propagation delay compensation is done by means of a dynamic threshold voltage Vcsth (see Figure 15). In case of a steeper slope the switch off of the driver is earlier to compensate the delay. E.g. Ipeak = 0.5A with RSense = 2 . Without propagation delay compensation the current sense threshold is set to a static voltage level Vcsth=1V. A current ramp of dI/dt = 0.4A/µs, that means dVSense/dt = 0.8V/µs, and a propagation delay time of i.e. tPropagation Delay =180ns leads then to a Ipeak overshoot of 12%. By means of propagation delay compensation the overshoot is only about 2% (see Figure 16). Propagation Delay Compensation In case of overcurrent detection by ILimit the shut down of CoolMOS™ is delayed due to the propagation delay of the circuit. This delay causes an overshoot of the peak current Ipeak which depends on the ratio of dI/dt of the peak current (see Figure 14). . S ig n a l2 S ig n a l1 t P ro pa ga tion D e la y I S e ns e I O v ers h oo t2 I p ea k 2 I p ea k 1 I L im it with compensation without compensation V I O v e rs ho ot1 1,3 1,25 VSense 1,2 t Figure 14 Current Limiting dI peak dt 1 ≤ 1 0,95 0,9 0 Figure 16 3.6 dV Sense dt 3.7 t Vcsth Signal1 Signal2 t Figure 15 Datasheet 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2 V µs Overcurrent Shutdown PWM-Latch Driver The driver-stage drives the gate of the CoolMOS™ and is optimized to minimize EMI and to provide high circuit efficiency. This is done by reducing the switch on slope when reaching the CoolMOS™ threshold. This is achieved by a slope control of the rising edge at the driver’s output (see Figure 17). Thus the leading switch on spike is minimized. When CoolMOS™ is switched off, the falling shape of the driver is slowed down when reaching 2V to prevent an overshoot below ground. Furthermore the driver circuit is designed to eliminate cross conduction of the output stage. At voltages below the undervoltage lockout threshold VVCCoff the gate drive is active low. off time Propagation Delay 0,4 The oscillator clock output applies a set pulse to the PWM-Latch when initiating CoolMOS™ conduction. After setting the PWM-Latch can be reset by the PWMOP, the Soft-Start-Comparator, the Current-LimitComparator, Comparator C3 or the Error-Latch of the Protection Unit. In case of reseting the driver is shut down immediately. max. Duty Cycle VSense 0,2 dVSense dt So current limiting is now capable in a very accurate way (see Figure 16). VOSC 1,1 1,05 The overshoot of Signal2 is bigger than of Signal1 due to the steeper rising waveform. A propagation delay compensation is integrated to bound the overshoot dependent on dI/dt of the rising primary current. That means the propagation delay time between exceeding the current sense threshold Vcsth and the switch off of CoolMOS™ is compensated over temperature within a range of at least. 0 ≤ R Sense × 1,15 Dynamic Voltage Threshold Vcsth 11 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description V G a te ca . t = 1 3 0 n s O verload & O pen loop/norm al load 5µ s B la n king FB 4 .8 V F a ilu re D e te ctio n 5V t S o ftS t 5 .3 V Figure 17 3.8 Gate Rising Slope S o ft-S ta rt P h a se Protection Unit (Auto Restart Mode) An overload, open loop and overvoltage detection is integrated within the Protection Unit. These three failure modes are latched by an Error-Latch. Additional thermal shutdown is latched by the Error-Latch. In case of those failure modes the Error-Latch is set after a blanking time of 5µs and the CoolMOS™ is shut down. That blanking prevents the Error-Latch from distortions caused by spikes during operation mode. 3.8.1 t T B u rs t1 D rive r T R e s tart t Overload & Open loop with normal load VC C 1 3 .5 V Figure 18 shows the Auto Restart Mode in case of overload or open loop with normal load. The detection of open loop or overload is provided by the Comparator C3, C4 and the AND-gate G2 (see Figure19). The detection is activated by C4 when the voltage at pin SoftS exceeds 5.3V. Till this time the IC operates in the Soft-Start Phase. After this phase the comparator C3 can set the Error-Latch in case of open loop or overload which leads the feedback voltage VFB to exceed the threshold of 4.8V. After latching VCC decreases till 8.5V and inactivates the IC. At this time the external Soft-Start capacitor is discharged by the internal transistor T1 due to Power Down Reset. When the IC is inactive VVCC increases till VCCon = 13.5V by charging the Capacitor CVCC by means of the Start-Up Resistor RStart-Up. Then the Error-Latch is reset by Power Up Reset and the external Soft-Start capacitor CSoft-Start is charged by the internal pullup resistor RSoft-Start . During the Soft-Start Phase which ends when the voltage at pin SoftS exceeds 5.3V the detection of overload and open loop by C3 and G2 is inactive. In this way the Start Up Phase is not detected as an overload. 8 .5 V t Figure 18 Auto Restart Mode 6.5 V P o w e r U p R e se t S o ftS R S oft-S tart C S oft-S tart C4 5 .3 V E rro r-L a tch G2 T1 4 .8V C3 FB R FB 6 .5 V Figure 19 Datasheet 12 FB-Detection September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Functional Description detection due to varying of VCC concerning the regulation of the converter output. When the voltage VSoftS is above 4.0V the overvoltage detection by C1 is deactivated. But the Soft-Start Phase must be finished within the Start Up Phase to force the voltage at pin FB below the failure detection threshold of 4.8V. 3.8.2 Overvoltage due to open loop with no load VCC O pen loop & no load conditio n FB 5 µs B la n kin g 6 .5 V 4 .0 V C2 S o ftS t S o ft-S ta rt P ha se C S o ft-S ta rt T1 5 .3V 4 .0V P o w e r U p R e se t O v erv olta g e D e te ction P ha se Figure 21 D rive r G1 R S o ft-S ta rt F ailure D ete ction S o ftS E rro r L a tch C1 1 6 .5 V 4 .8V Overvoltage Detection t T B urs t2 3.8.3 T R es ta rt Thermal Shut Down Thermal Shut Down is latched by the Error-Latch when junction temperature Tj of the pwm controller is exceeding an internal threshold of 140°C. In that case the IC switches in Auto Restart Mode. O ve rvo ltag e D ete ctio n t VCC 1 6.5 V 1 3.5 V 8.5 V t Figure 20 Auto Restart Mode Figure 20 shows the Auto Restart Mode for open loop and no load condition. In case of this failure mode the converter output voltage increases and also VCC. An additional protection by the comparators C1, C2 and the AND-gate G1 is implemented to consider this failure mode (see Figure 21).The overvoltage detection is provided by Comparator C1 only in the first time during the Soft-Start Phase till the Soft-Start voltage exceeds the threshold of the Comparator C2 at 4.0V and the voltage at pin FB is above 4.8V. When VCC exceeds 16.5V during the overvoltage detection phase C1 can set the Error-Latch and the Burst Phase during Auto Restart Mode is finished earlier. In that case TBurst2 is shorter than TSoft-Start . By means of C2 the normal operation mode is prevented from overvoltage Datasheet Note: 13 All the values which are mentioned in the functional description are typical. Please refer to Electrical Characteristics for min/max limit values. September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Electrical Characteristics 4 Electrical Characteristics 4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Note: Absolute maximum ratings are defined as ratings, which when being exceeded may lead to destruction of the integrated circuit. For the same reason make sure, that any capacitor that will be connected to pin 6 (VCC) is discharged before assembling the application circuit. Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. max. Unit Remarks Tj=110°C Drain Source Voltage ICE2A165/265/365 VDS - 650 V Drain Source Voltage ICE2A180/280 VDS - 800 V ICE2A165 Avalanche energy, repetitive tAR limited by ICE2A265 max. Tj=150°C1) ICE2A365 EAR1 - 0.2 mJ EAR2 - 0.4 mJ EAR3 - 0.5 mJ ICE2A180 EAR4 - 0.2 mJ ICE2A280 EAR5 - 0.4 mJ ICE2A165 Avalanche current, repetitive tAR limited by ICE2A265 max. Tj=150°C1) ICE2A365 IAR1 - 1 A IAR2 - 2 A IAR3 - 3 A ICE2A180 IAR4 - 1 A ICE2A280 IAR5 - 2 A VCC Supply Voltage VCC -0.3 22 V FB Voltage VFB -0.3 6.5 V SoftS Voltage VSoftS -0.3 6.5 V ISense ISense -0.3 3 V Junction Temperature Tj -40 150 °C Storage Temperature TS -50 150 °C Thermal Resistance Junction-Ambient RthJA - 90 K/W P-DIP-8-6 ESD Capability2) VESD - 2 kV Human Body Model Controller & CoolMOS™ 1) Repetetive avalanche causes additional power losses that can be calculated as PAV=EAR*f 2) Equivalent to discharging a 100pF capacitor through a 1.5 kΩ series resistor Datasheet 14 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Electrical Characteristics 4.2 Note: Operating Range Within the operating range the IC operates as described in the functional description. Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. max. Unit VCC Supply Voltage VCC VCCoff 21 V Junction Temperature of Controller TJCon -25 130 °C Junction Temperature of CoolMOS™ TJCoolMOS -25 150 °C 4.3 Note: 4.3.1 Remarks limited due to thermal shut down of controller Characteristics The electrical characteristics involve the spread of values guaranteed within the specified supply voltage and junction temperature range TJ from – 25 °C to 125 °C.Typical values represent the median values, which are related to 25°C. If not otherwise stated, a supply voltage of VCC = 15 V is assumed. Supply Section Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Start Up Current IVCC1 - 27 55 µA VCC=VCCon -0.1V Supply Current with Inactiv Gate IVCC2 - 5.0 6.6 mA VSoftS = 0 IFB = 0 Supply Current with Activ Gate ICE2A165 IVCC3 - 6.5 7.8 mA VSoftS = 5V IFB = 0 ICE2A265 IVCC3 - 6.7 8 mA VSoftS = 5V IFB = 0 ICE2A365 IVCC3 - 8.5 9.8 mA VSoftS = 5V IFB = 0 ICE2A180 IVCC3 - 6.5 7.8 mA VSoftS = 5V IFB = 0 ICE2A280 IVCC3 - 7.7 9 mA VSoftS = 5V IFB = 0 VCCon VCCoff VCCHY 13 4.5 13.5 8.5 5 14 5.5 V V V VCC Turn-On Threshold VCC Turn-Off Threshold VCC Turn-On/Off Hysteresis 4.3.2 Internal Voltage Reference Parameter Trimmed Reference Voltage Datasheet Symbol VREF Limit Values min. typ. max. 6.37 6.50 6.63 15 Unit Test Condition V measured at pin FB September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Electrical Characteristics 4.3.3 Control Section Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Oscillator Frequency fOSC1 93 100 107 kHz VFB = 4V Reduced Osc. Frequency fOSC2 - 21.5 - kHz VFB = 1V 4.5 4.65 4.9 Frequency Ratio fosc1/fosc2 Max Duty Cycle Dmax 0.67 0.72 0.77 Min Duty Cycle Dmin 0 - - PWM-OP Gain AV 3.45 3.65 3.85 Max. Level of Voltage Ramp VMax-Ramp - 0.80 - V VFB Operating Range Min Level VFBmin 0.3 - - V VFB Operating Range Max level VFBmax - - 4.6 V Feedback Resistance RFB 3.0 3.7 4.9 kΩ Soft-Start Resistance RSoft-Start 42 50 62 kΩ 4.3.4 VFB < 0.3V Protection Unit Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition Over Load & Open Loop Detection Limit VFB2 4.65 4.8 4.95 V VSoftS > 5.5V Activation Limit of Overload & Open Loop Detection VSoftS1 5.15 5.3 5.46 V VFB > 5V Deactivation Limit of Overvoltage Detection VSoftS2 3.88 4.0 4.12 V VFB > 5V VCC > 17.5V Overvoltage Detection Limit VVCC1 16 16.5 17.2 V VSoftS < 3.8V VFB > 5V Latched Thermal Shutdown TjSD 130 140 150 °C guaranteed by design Spike Blanking tSpike - 5 - µs 4.3.5 Current Limiting Parameter Symbol Limit Values min. typ. max. Unit Test Condition dVsense / dt = 0.6V/µs Peak Current Limitation (incl. Propagation Delay Time) (see Figure 7) Vcsth 0.95 1.00 1.05 V Leading Edge Blanking tLEB - 220 - ns Datasheet 16 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Electrical Characteristics 4.3.6 CoolMOS™ Section Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition min. typ. max. Drain Source Breakdown Voltage V(BR)DSS ICE2A165/265/365 600 650 - - V V Tj=25°C Tj=110°C Drain Source Breakdown Voltage V(BR)DSS ICE2A180/280 800 870 - - V V Tj=25°C Tj=110°C Drain Source On-Resistance ICE2A165 RDSon1 - 3 6.6 3.3 7.3 Ω Ω Tj=25°C Tj=125°C ICE2A265 RDSon2 - 0.9 1.9 1.08 2.28 Ω Ω Tj=25°C Tj=125°C ICE2A365 RDSon3 - 0.45 0.95 0.54 1.14 Ω Ω Tj=25°C Tj=125°C ICE2A180 RDSon4 - 3 6.6 3.3 7.3 Ω Ω Tj=25°C Tj=125°C ICE2A280 RDSon5 - 0.8 1.7 1.06 2.04 Ω Ω Tj=25°C Tj=125°C Effective output ICE2A165 capacitance, energy ICE2A265 related ICE2A365 Co(er)1 - 7 - pF VDS =0V to 480V Co(er)2 - 21 - pF VDS =0V to 480V Co(er)3 - 30 - pF VDS =0V to 480V ICE2A180 Co(er)4 - 7 - pF VDS =0V to 640V ICE2A280 Co(er)5 - 22 - pF VDS =0V to 640V IDSS - 0.5 VVCC=0V Zero Gate Voltage Drain Current Rise Time Fall Time 1) trise tfall - - µA 1) - ns 1) - ns 30 - 30 Measured in a Typical Flyback Converter Application Datasheet 17 September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Performance Characteristics 40 VCC Turn-On Threshold V CCon [V] 13,58 36 34 32 PI-001-190101 Start Up Current I VCC1 [µA] 38 30 28 26 24 22 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 13,56 13,54 13,52 13,50 13,48 13,46 13,44 13,42 -25 -15 105 115 125 PI-004-190101 5 -5 5 Figure 22 Start Up Current IVCC1 vs. Tj Figure 25 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 VCC Turn-On Threshold VVCCon vs. Tj 5,4 5,1 4,8 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 8,64 8,61 8,58 8,55 8,52 8,49 8,46 8,43 8,40 -25 -15 -5 5 Figure 26 Static Supply Current IVCC2 vs. Tj VCC Turn-On/Off Hysteresis V CCHY [V] 9,0 8,6 ICE2A365 8,2 7,8 ICE2A280 PI-002-190101 7,4 7,0 6,6 ICE2A265 ICE2A165 ICE2A180 6,2 5,8 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Datasheet 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 95 105 115 125 VCC Turn-Off Threshold VVCCoff vs. Tj 5,10 5,07 5,04 5,01 4,98 4,95 4,92 4,89 4,86 4,83 -25 -15 Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 24 25 PI-006-190101 Figure 23 15 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] Supply Current I VCC3 [mA] 35 PI-005-190101 VCC Turn-Off Threshold V VCCoff [V] 5,7 5,4 -25 -15 25 8,67 PI-003-190101 Supply Current IVCC2 [mA] 6,0 4,5 -25 -15 15 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 27 Supply Current IVCC3 vs. Tj 18 VCC Turn-On/Off HysteresisVVCCHY vs. Tj September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 4,70 6,54 4,68 6,53 6,52 6,51 6,50 6,49 6,48 6,47 6,46 6,45 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 4,66 4,64 4,62 4,60 4,58 4,56 4,54 4,52 4,50 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 PI-010-190101 Frequency Ratio f OSC1/fOSC2 6,55 PI-007-190101 Trimmed Reference Voltage V REF [V] Typical Performance Characteristics -5 5 Figure 31 0,730 101,5 0,728 101,0 0,726 100,5 0,724 Max. Duty Cycle 102,0 100,0 99,5 99,0 98,5 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 0,710 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 Figure 32 3,69 21,6 3,68 21,5 3,67 21,4 21,3 21,2 21,1 -5 5 45 55 65 75 85 3,60 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 30 Datasheet 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 85 95 105 115 125 Max. Duty Cycle vs. Tj 3,63 3,61 35 35 3,64 3,62 25 25 3,65 20,9 15 15 3,66 21,0 5 95 105 115 125 PI-012-190101 PWM-OP Gain AV 3,70 21,7 PI-009-190101 Reduced Osc. Frequency f OSC2 [kHz] Oscillator Frequency fOSC1 vs. Tj -5 85 Junction Temperature [°C] 21,8 20,8 -25 -15 75 Frequency Ratio fOSC1 / fOSC2 vs. Tj Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 29 65 0,716 0,712 15 55 0,718 0,714 5 45 0,720 97,5 -5 35 0,722 98,0 97,0 -25 -15 25 PI-011-190101 Trimmed Reference VREF vs. Tj PI-008-190101 Oscillator Frequency f OSC1 [kHz] Figure 28 15 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 Junction Temperature [°C] Reduced Osc. Frequency fOSC2 vs. Tj Figure 33 19 PWM-OP Gain AV vs. Tj September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 5,35 3,95 5,34 3,90 3,85 3,80 3,75 3,70 3,65 3,60 3,55 3,50 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 5,33 5,32 5,31 5,30 5,29 5,28 5,27 5,26 5,25 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 PI-016-190101 Detection Limit V Soft-Start1 [V] 4,00 PI-013-190101 Feedback Resistance R FB [kOhm] Typical Performance Characteristics -5 5 Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 37 4,05 56 4,04 Detection Limit V Soft-Start2 [V] 58 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 4,81 4,80 4,79 4,78 4,77 4,76 25 35 45 55 65 75 Datasheet 85 95 105 115 125 4,01 4,00 3,99 3,98 3,97 3,96 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 85 95 105 115 125 Detection Limit VSoft-Start2 vs. Tj 16,80 16,75 16,70 16,65 16,60 16,55 16,50 16,45 16,40 16,35 16,30 16,25 16,20 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 36 75 PI-018-190101 Overvoltage Detection Limit V VCC1 [V] 4,82 PI-015-190101 Detection Limit V FB2 [V] 4,83 15 65 4,02 Figure 38 4,84 5 55 Junction Temperature [°C] Soft-Start Resistance RSoft-Start vs. Tj -5 45 4,03 3,95 -25 -15 105 115 125 4,85 4,75 -25 -15 35 Detection Limit VSoft-Start1 vs. Tj Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 35 25 PI-017-190101 Feedback Resistance RFB vs. Tj PI-014-190101 Soft-Start Resistance R Soft-Start [kOhm] Figure 34 15 Junction Temperature [°C] Detection Limit VFB2 vs. Tj Figure 39 20 Overvoltage Detection Limit VVCC1 vs. Tj September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 2,0 1,008 1,8 1,006 1,004 1,002 1,000 0,998 0,996 0,994 0,992 0,990 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 1,6 1,4 ICE2A280 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 ICE2A265 1,2 -5 5 Figure 43 0,9 260 250 240 230 220 210 200 190 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 85 0,8 0,7 ICE2A365 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,0 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 Drain Source On-Resistance RDSon vs. Tj -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 41 25 PI-024-190101 On-Resistance R dson [Ohm] 1,0 270 PI-020-190101 Leading Edge Blanking t LEB [ns] Peak Current Limitation Vcsth vs. Tj 280 180 -25 -15 15 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 40 PI-023-190101 On-Resistance R dson [Ohm] 1,010 PI-019-190101 Peak Current Limitation V csth [V] Typical Performance Characteristics Leading Edge Blanking VVCC1 vs. Tj Figure 44 Drain Source On-Resistance RDSon vs. Tj 900 6,4 5,8 5,2 4,6 ICE2A165 ICE2A180 4,0 3,4 2,8 2,2 1,6 1,0 -25 -15 -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 800 750 700 650 550 Datasheet -5 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125 Junction Temperature [°C] Junction Temperature [°C] Figure 42 ICE2A165 ICE2A265 ICE2A365 600 500 -25 -15 95 105 115 125 ICE2A180 ICE2A280 850 PI-025-190101 Breakdown Voltage V (BR)DSS [V] 7,0 PI-022-190101 On-Resistance R dson [Ohm] 7,6 Drain Source On-Resistance RDSon vs. Tj Figure 45 21 Breakdown Voltage VBR(DSS) vs. Tj September 2001 CoolSET™-F2 ICE2A165/265/365 ICE2A180/280 Outline Dimension 6 Outline Dimension P-DIP-8-6 (Plastic Dual In-line Package) Figure 46 Dimensions in mm Datasheet 22 September 2001 Total Quality Management Qualität hat für uns eine umfassende Bedeutung. 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