HCPL-5120, HCPL-5121 and 5962-04204 2.0 Amp Output Current IGBT Gate Drive Hermetically Sealed Optocoupler Data Sheet Description Applications The HCPL-5120 contains a GaAsP LED optically coupled to an integrated circuit with a power output stage. The device is ideally suited for driving power IGBTs and MOSFETs used in motor control inverter applications. The high operating voltage range of the output stage provides the drive voltages required by gate controlled devices. The voltage and current supplied by this optocoupler makes it ideally suited for directly driving IGBTs with ratings up to 1200 V/100 A. For IGBTs with higher ratings, the HCPL-5120 can be used to drive a discrete power stage, which drives the IGBT gate. The products are capable of operation and storage over the full military temperature range and can be purchased as either commercial products, with full MIL-PRF-38534 Class H testing, or from Defense Supply Center Columbus (DLA) Standard Microcircuit Drawing (SMD) 596204204. All devices are manufactured and tested on a MIL-PRF-38534 certified line and are included in the DLA Qualified Manufacturers List, QML-38534 for Hybrid Microcircuits. Schematic Diagram 8 VCC N/C 1 ANODE 2 7 VO CATHODE 3 6 VO N/C 4 SHIELD 5 VEE Industrial and Military Environments High Reliability Systems Harsh Industrial Environments Transportation, Medical, and Life Critical Systems Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) Isolated IGBT/MOSFET Gate Drive AC and Brushless DC Motor Drives Industrial Inverters Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) Features Performance Guaranteed over Full Military Temperature Range: -55C to +125C Manufactured and Tested on a MIL-PRF-38534 Certified Line Hermetically Sealed Packages Dual Marked with Device Part Number and DLA Drawing Number QML-38534 HCPL-3120 Function Compatibility 2.0 A Minimum Peak Output Current 0.5V Maximum Low Level Output Voltage (VOL) : Eliminates Need for Negative Gate Drive 10 kV/s Minimum Common Mode Rejection (CMR) at VCM = 1000V ICC = 5 mA Maximum Supply Current Under Voltage Lock-Out Protection (UVLO) with Hysteresis Wide Operating VCC Range: 15 to 30 Volts 500 ns Maximum Propagation Delay 0.35s Maximun Delay Between Devices CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD. Truth Table LED VCC - VEE VCC- VEE “POSITIVE GOING” (i.e., TURN-ON) “NEGATIVE GOING” (i.e., TURN-OFF) OFF 0 - 30 V 0 - 30 V LOW ON 0 - 11 V 0 - 9.5 V LOW Solder Dipped * Option - 200 ON 11 - 13.5 V 9.5 - 12 V TRANSITION Butt Cut/Gold Plate Option - 100 Gull Wing/Soldered * Option - 300 ON 13.5 - 30 V VO Selection Guide: Lead Configuration Options Avago Technologies Part Number and Options 12 - 30 V HIGH Commercial HCPL-5120 MIL-PRF-38534, Class H HCPL-5121 Standard Lead Finish Gold Plate SMD Part Number A 0.1 F bypass capacitor must be connected between pins 5 and 8. Prescript for all below Gold Plate 0420401HPC Solder Dipped * 0420401HPA Butt Cut/Gold Plate 0420401HYC Butt Cut/Soldered * 0420401HYA Gull Wing/Soldered * 0420401HXA * Solder contains lead Device Marking AVAGO DESIGNATOR AVAGO P/N DLA SMD* DLA SMD* PIN ONE/ ESD IDENT QYYWWZ A HCPL-512x 5962-04204 SGP 01Hxx 50434 COMPLIANCE INDICATOR,* DATE CODE, SUFFIX (IF NEEDED) COUNTRY OF MFR. AVAGO CAGE CODE* * QUALIFIED PARTS ONLY Outline Drawing 9.40 (0.370) 9.91 (0.390) 0.76 (0.030) 1.27 (0.050) 8.13 (0.320) MAX. 7.16 (0.282) 7.57 (0.298) 4.32 (0.170) MAX. 0.51 (0.020) MIN. 2.29 (0.090) 2.79 (0.110) 3.81 (0.150) MIN. 0.51 (0.020) MAX. NOTE: DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). 2 5962- 0.20 (0.008) 0.33 (0.013) 7.36 (0.290) 7.87 (0.310) Hermetic Optocoupler Options Option Description 100 Surface mountable hermetic optocoupler with leads trimmed for butt joint assembly. This option is available on commercial and hi-rel product (see drawings below for details). 4.32 (0.170) MAX. 0.51 (0.020) MIN. 2.29 (0.090) 2.79 (0.110) 1.14 (0.045) 1.40 (0.055) 0.20 (0.008) 0.33 (0.013) 0.51 (0.020) MAX. 7.36 (0.290) 7.87 (0.310) NOTE: DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). 200 Lead finish is solder dipped rather than gold plated. This option is available on commercial and hi-rel product. DLA Drawing part numbers contain provisions for lead finish. 300 Surface mountable hermetic optocoupler with leads cut and bent for gull wing assembly. This option is available on commercial and hi-rel product (see drawings below for details). This option has solder dipped leads. 4.57 (0.180) MAX. 0.51 (0.020) MIN. 2.29 (0.090) 2.79 (0.110) 1.40 (0.055) 1.65 (0.065) 4.57 (0.180) MAX. 5° MAX. 0.51 (0.020) MAX. NOTE: DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES). * Solder contains lead 3 0.20 (0.008) 0.33 (0.013) 9.65 (0.380) 9.91 (0.390) 1.07 (0.042) 1.32 (0.052) Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Units Storage Temperature TS -65 +150 °C Operating Temperature TA -55 +125 °C Case Temperature TC +145 °C Junction Temperature TJ +150 °C 260 for 10s °C Lead Solder Temperature Note Average Input Current IF AVG 25 mA Peak Transient Input Current (<1 s pulse width, 300 pps) IF PK 1.0 A Reverse Input Voltage VR 5 V “High” Peak Output Current IOH (PEAK) 2.5 A 2 “Low” Peak Output Current IOL (PEAK) 2.5 A 2 Supply Voltage (VCC-VEE) 0 35 V Output Voltage VO (PEAK) 0 VCC V 1 Emitter Power Dissipation PE 45 mW 1 Output Power Dissipation PO 250 mW 3 Total Power Dissipation PT 295 mW 4 Notes: 1. No derating required for typical case-to-ambient thermal resistance (CA=140C/W). Refer to Figure 35. 2. Maximum pulse width = 10s, maximum duty cycle = 0.2%. This value is intended to allow for component tolerances for designs with IO peak minimum = 2.0A. See Applications section for additional details on limiting IOH peak. 3. Derate linearly above 102C free air temperature at a rate of 6mW/C for typical case-to-ambient thermal resistance (CA=140C/W). Refer to Figure 36. 4. Derate linearly above 102C free air temperature at a rate of 6mW/C for typical case-to-ambient thermal resistance (CA=140C/W). Refer to Figure 35 and 36. ESD Classification MIL-STD-883, Method 3015 ( ), Class 1 Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Units (VCC – VEE) 15 30 Volts Input Current (ON) IF (ON) 10 18 mA Input Voltage (OFF) VF (OFF) -3.0 0.8 Volts TA -55 125 °C Power Supply Voltage Operating Temperature 4 Electrical Specifications (DC) Over recommended operating conditions (TA = -55 to +125C, IF(ON) = 10 to 18 mA, VF(OFF) = -3.0 to 0.8V, VCC = 15 to 30 V, VEE = Ground), unless otherwise specified. Symbol Test Conditions Group A Subgroups (13) High Level Output Current IOH VO = (VCC - 4 V) 1, 2, 3 Low Level Output Current IOL High Level Output Voltage VOH IO = -100 mA 1, 2, 3 Low Level Output Voltage VOL IO = 100 mA 1, 2, 3 0.1 High Level Supply Current ICCH Output Open, IF = 10 to 18 mA 1, 2, 3 Low Level Supply Current ICCL Output Open, VF = -3.0 to +0.8V Threshold Input Current Low to High IFLH IO = 0 mA, VO > 5 V Threshold Input Voltage High to Low VFHL Parameter Input Forward Voltage VO = (VCC - 15 V) VO = (VEE + 2.5 V) IF = 10 mA Temperature Coefficient of Forward Voltage VF/TA IF = 10 mA Input Reverse Breakdown Voltage BVR IR = 10 A Input Capacitance CIN f = 1 MHz, VF = 0 V VUVLO+ VO > 5 V, IF = 10 mA UVLO Threshold VUVLOUVLO Hysteresis 1, 2, 3 Typ. * 0.5 1.5 Max. 0.5 (VCC - 4) Units Fig Note A 2, 3, 17 2 A 2.0 A 2.0 1 5, 6, 18 A 1, 3, 19 0.5 V 4, 6, 20 2.5 5.0 mA 7, 8 1, 2, 3 2.5 5.0 mA 1, 2, 3 3.5 9.0 mA 1, 2, 3 0.8 1, 2, 3 1.2 (VCC - 3) 1.8 -1.6 1, 2, 3 V 16 mV/C 5 V 80 pF 1, 2, 3 11.0 12.3 13.5 1, 2, 3 9.5 10.7 12.0 UVLOHYS 9, 15, 21 V 1.5 1.6 V 2 1 V *All typical values at TA = 25C and VCC - VEE = 30 V, unless otherwise noted. 5 Min. 2.0 VO = (VEE + 15 V) VF Limits 22, 37 3, 4 Switching Specifications (AC) Over recommended operating conditions (TA = -55 to +125C, IF(ON) = 10 to 18 mA, VF(OFF) = -3.0 to 0.8V, VCC = 15 to 30 V, VEE = Ground), unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Propagation Delay Time to High Output Level tPLH Propagation Delay Time to Low Output Level tPHL Rg = 10 , Cg = 10 nF, f = 10 kHz, Duty Cycle = 50% Group A Subgroups (13) Min. Typ. * Max. Units Fig Note 9, 10, 11 0.10 0.30 0.50 s 11 9, 10, 11 0.10 0.30 0.50 s 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 23 0.3 s 0.35 s 33, 34 23 Pulse Width Distortion PWD 9, 10, 11 Propagation Delay Difference Between Any Two Parts PDD (tPHL - tPLH) 9, 10, 11 Limits -0.35 12 Rise Time tr 0.1 s Fall Time tf 0.1 s s 22 24 UVLO Turn On Delay tUVLO ON VO > 5 V, IF = 10 mA 0.8 UVLO Turn Off Delay tUVLO OFF VO < 5 V, IF = 10 mA 0.6 Output High Level Common Mode Transient Immunity |CMH| IF = 10mA, VCM = 1000 V, VCC = 30 V, TA = 25C 9 10 kV/s Output Low Level Common Mode Transient Immunity |CML| VCM = 1000 V, VF = 0 V, VCC = 30 V, TA = 25C 9 10 kV/s *All typical values at TA = 25C and VCC VEE = 30 V, unless otherwise noted. 6 7 8, 9, 14 8, 10, 14 Package Characteristics Over recommended operating conditions (TA = -55 to +125C) unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Input-Output Leakage Current II-O VI-O = 1500Vdc, RH 65%, t = 5 sec., TA = 25C Resistance (Input-Output) RI-O VI-O = 500 VDC Capacitance (Input-Output) CI-O f = 1 MHz Group A Subgroups (13) Limits Min. Typ.* Max. Units 1.0 A 5, 6 1010 6 2.5 pF 6 1 Fig Note *All typicals at TA = 25C. Notes: 1. Maximum pulse width = 10 s, maximum duty cycle = 0.2%. This value is intended to allow for component tolerances for designs with IO peak minimum = 2.0 A. See Applications section for additional details on limiting IOH peak. 2. Maximum pulse width = 50 s, maximum duty cycle = 0.5%. 3. In this test VOH is measured with a dc load current. When driving capacitive loads VOH will approach VCC as IOH approaches zero amps. 4. Maximum pulse width = 1 ms, maximum duty cycle = 20%. 5. This is a momentary withstand test, not an operating condition. 6. Device considered a two-terminal device: pins on input side shorted together and pins on output side shorted together. 7. The difference between tPHL and tPLH between any two HCPL-5120 parts under the same test condition. 8. Pins 1 and 4 need to be connected to LED common. 9. Common mode transient immunity in the high state is the maximum tolerable dVCM/dt of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in the high state (i.e., VO > 15.0 V). 10. Common mode transient immunity in a low state is the maximum tolerable dVCM/dt of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a low state (i.e., VO < 1.0 V). 11. This load condition approximates the gate load of a 1200 V/75A IGBT. 12. Pulse Width Distortion (PWD) is defined as |tPHL-tPLH| for any given device. 13. Standard parts receive 100% testing at 25C (Subgroups 1 and 9). SMD and Class H parts receive 100% testing at 25, 125, and -55C (Sub groups 1 and 9, 2 and 10, 3 and 11, respectively). 14. Parameters are tested as part of device initial characterization and after design and process changes. Parameters are guaranteed to limits specified for all lots not specifically tested. 7 1 2 3 IF = 10mA to 18mA VOUT = (VCC - 4V) VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 4 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 o TA - TEMPERATURE - C -55 105 125 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 0.15 0.10 0.05 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 3 2 1 0 -55 105 125 TA - TEMPERATURE - C Figure 4. VOL vs. Temperature 5 25 45 65 8 5 10 5 125 3.5 3.0 2.5 IF = 10mA for ICCH IF = 0mA for ICCL TA = 25 oC VEE = 0V 2.0 1.5 1.5 25 45 65 85 o TA - TEMPERATURE - C Figure 7. ICC vs. Temperature 105 125 15 20 25 VCC - SUPPLY VOLTAGE - V Figure 8. ICC vs. VCC 30 IFLH - LOW TO HIGH CURRENT THRESHOLD - mA VCC = 30V VEE = 0V IF = 10mA for ICCH IF = 0mA for ICCL 1.5 2.0 2.5 6 5 4 125 oC 25 oC -5 oC 3 2 1 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 IOL - OUTPUT LOW CURRENT - A 2.5 5.0 ICCH ICCL ICC - SUPPLY CURRENT - mA 2.5 1.0 VF(OFF) = -3.0 to 0.8V VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V 7 0.0 4.0 3.0 0.5 Figure 6. VOL vs. IOL ICCH ICCL 3.5 IF = 10 to 18mA VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V 0 -3 5 -15 Figure 5. IOL vs. Temperature 4.0 5 -6 0.0 TA - TEMPERATURE - oC o -55 -35 -15 -5 8 VF(OFF) = -3.0 to 0.8V VOUT = 2.5V VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V VOL - OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE - V 0.20 ILOW - OUTPUT LOW CURRENT - A 0.25 -4 Figure 3. VOH vs. IOH 4 VF(OFF) = -3.0 to 0.8V IOUT = 100mA VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V -55 ICC - SUPPLY CURRENT - mA 125 -3 IOH - OUTPUT HIGH CURRENT - A Figure 2. IOH vs. Temperature 0.00 8 105 125 oC 25 oC -5 oC -2 TA - TEMPERATURE - C 0.30 2.0 85 -1 o Figure 1. VOH vs. Temperature VOL - OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE - V (VOH - VCC) - OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE DROP - V 2.4 IF = 10mA to 18mA IOUT = -100mA VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V IOH - OUTPUT HIGH CURRENT - A (VOH - VCC) - HIGH OUTPUT VOLTAGE DROP - V 0 4.5 4.0 VCC = 15 to 30V VEE = 0V OUTPUT = OPEN 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 -55 -35 -15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 o TA - TEMPERATURE - C Figure 9. IFLH vs. Temperature 500 400 300 200 500 VCC = 30V, VEE = 0V Rg = 10 Ω, Cg = 10 nF o TA = 25 C Duty Cycle = 50% f = 10khz 400 300 200 TPLH TPHL TPLH TPHL 100 20 25 VCC - SUPPLY VOLTAGE - V 30 Figure 10. Propagation Delay vs. VCC 6 300 200 TPLH TPHL 0 10 20 30 40 50 1000 TA = 25oC 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50 VF - FORWARD VOLTAGE - V Figure 16. Input Current vs. Forward Voltage 1.60 5 25 45 65 85 o TA - TEMPERATURE - C 105 125 o 400 TA = 25 C 300 200 20 15 10 5 TPLH TPHL 0 0 20 40 60 Figure 14. Propagation Delay vs. Cg Figure 13. Propagation Delay vs. Rg -15 25 80 Cg - LOAD CAPACITANCE - nF Rg - SERIES LOAD RESISTANCE - Ω -35 30 VCC = 30V, VEE = 0V o TA = 25 C, IF = 10mA Rg = 10 Ω Duty Cycle = 50% f = 10khz 100 100 200 Figure 12. Propagation Delay vs. Temperature VO - OUTPUT VOLTAGE - V 400 300 100 -55 26 500 VCC = 30V, VEE = 0V o TA = 25 C, IF = 10mA Cg = 10 nF Duty Cycle = 50% f = 10khz TP - PROPAGATION DELAY -ns TP - PROPAGATION DELAY -ns 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 IF - FORWARD LED CURRENT - mA Figure 11. Propagation Delay vs. IF 500 IF - FORWARD CURRENT - mA 8 400 IF = 10mA VCC = 30V, VEE = 0V Rg = 10 Ω, Cg = 10 nF Duty Cycle = 50% f = 10khz TPLH TPHL 100 15 9 TP - PROPAGATION DELAY- ns IF = 10mA VCC = 30V, VEE = 0V Rg = 10 Ω, Cg = 10 nF Duty Cycle = 50% o TA = 25 C, f = 10khz TP - PROPAGATION DELAY - ns TP - PROPAGATION DELAY - ns 500 100 0 1 2 3 4 IF - FORWARD LED CURRENT - mA Figure 15. Transfer Characteristics 5 1 8 1 8 0.1 µF 2 IF = 10 to 18 mA 0.1 µF + _ 7 4V 2 + _ 3 VCC = 15 to 30 V 6 IOH 4 3 6 4 5 1 8 2 7 3 6 2 VCC = 15 to 30 V 5 Figure 19. VOH Test Circuit 3 6 4 5 VOL Figure 20. VOL Test Circuit 8 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 0.1 µF 0.1 µF 2 7 3 6 4 5 IF 10 IF = 10 mA VO > 5 V Figure 21. IFLH Test Circuit VCC = 15 to 30 V 100 mA 7 100 mA 1 + _ + _ 8 0.1 µF VOH + _ 4 VCC = 15 to 30 V Figure 18. IOL Test Circuit 0.1 µF IF = 10 to 18 mA 2.5 V + _ 5 Figure 17. IOH Test Circuit 1 IOL 7 + _ VCC = 15 to 30 V VO > 5 V Figure 22. UVLO Test Circuit + _ VCC 1 8 + _ 500 Ω IF 0.1 µF IF = 10 to 18 mA + _ 7 2 V CC = 15 to 30 V tr tf VO 10 KHz 50% DUTY CYCLE 6 3 90% 10 Ω 50% V OUT 10 nF 10% 5 4 t PLH Tr = Tf < _ 10 ns t PHL Figure 23. tPLH, tPHL, and tf Test Circuit and Waveforms V CM 1 IF B δt 0.1 µF A 5V δV 8 2 7 + _ 6 + _ 5 Δt + _ Figure 24. CMR Test Circuit and Waveforms 11 V OH SWITCH AT A: IF = 10 mA VO V CM = 1000 V Δt V CC = 30 V VO 4 V CM 0V VO 3 = SWITCH AT B: IF = 0 mA V OL Applications Information Eliminating Negative IGBT Gate Drive To keep the IGBT firmly off, the HCPL-5120 has a very low maximum VOL specification of 0.5 V. The HCPL-5120 realizes this very low VOL by using a DMOS transistor with 1 (typical) on resistance in its pull down circuit. When the HCPL-5120 is in the low state, the IGBT gate is shorted to the emitter by Rg + 1 . Minimizing Rg and the lead inductance from the HCPL-5120 to the IGBT gate and emitter (possibly by mounting the HCPL-5120 on a small PC board directly above the IGBT) can eliminate the need for negative IGBT gate drive in many applications as shown in Figure 25. Care should be taken with such a PC board design to avoid routing the IGBT collector or emitter traces close to the HCPL-5120 input as this can result in unwanted coupling of transient signals into the HCPL-5120 and degrade performance. (If the IGBT drain must be routed near the HCPL-5120 input, then the LED should be reverse-biased when in the off state, to prevent the transient signals coupled from the IGBT drain from turning on the HCPL-5120.) Figure 6). At lower Rg values the voltage supplied by the HCPL-5120 is not an ideal voltage step. This results in lower peak currents (more margin) than predicted by this analysis. When negative gate drive is not used VEE in the previous equation is equal to zero volts Step 2: Check the HCPL-5120 Power Dissipation and Increase Rg if Necessary. The HCPL-5120 total power dissipation (PT ) is equal to the sum of the emitter power (PE) and the output power (PO): PT = PE + PO PE = IF VF Duty Cycle PO = PO(BIAS) + PO (SWITCHING) = ICC (VCC - VEE) + ESW(Rg , Qg ) f For the circuit in Figure 26 with IF (worst case) = 18 mA, Rg = 8 , Max Duty Cycle = 80%, Qg = 500 nC, f = 20 kHz and TA max = 125C: Selecting the Gate Resistor (Rg) to Minimize IGBT Switching Losses. PE = 18 mA 1.8 V 0.8 = 26 mW PO = 4.25 mA 20 V + 1.0J 20 kHz Step 1: Calculate Rg Minimum from the IOL Peak Specification. The IGBT and Rg in Figure 26 can be analyzed as a simple RC circuit with a voltage supplied by the HCPL-5120. = 85 mW + 20 mW = 105 mW < 112 mW (PO(MAX) @ 125C = 250 mW - 23C 6 mW/C) (VCC - VEE - VOL) Rg = ––––––––––––––––– IOLPEAK The value of 4.25 mA for ICC in the previous equation was obtained by derating the ICC max of 5 mA (which occurs at -55C) to ICC max at 125C. (VCC – VEE – 2V) = –––––––––––––––––– IOLPEAK Since PO for this case is less than PO(MAX) , Rg of 8 is appropriate. (15 V + 5 V – 2V) = ––––––––––––––––––– 2.5 A = 7.2Ω ≈ 8Ω The VOL value of 2 V in the previous equation is a conservative value of VOL at the peak current of 2.5A (see +5 V 1 270 Ω 8 0.1 µF 2 + _ V CC = 18 V + HVDC 7 Rg CONTROL INPUT 74XXX OPEN COLLECTOR 3 6 4 5 Figure 25. Recommended LED Drive and Application Circuit 12 Q1 3-PHASE AC Q2 - HVDC +5 V 1 8 270 Ω 0.1 µF 2 + _ V CC = 15 V + HVDC 7 Rg Q1 CONTROL INPUT 74XXX OPEN COLLECTOR 3 6 4 5 3-PHASE AC _ V EE = -5 V + Q2 - HVDC Figure 26. Typical Application Circuit with Negative IGBT Gate Drive LED Drive Circuit Considerations for Ultra High CMR Performance. PE Parameter Description IF LED Current VF LED On Voltage Duty Cycle Maximum LED Duty Cycle PO Parameter Description ICC Supply Current VCC Positive Supply Voltage VEE Negative Supply Voltage ESW (Rg, Qg) Energy Dissipation in the HCPL-5120 for each IGBT Switching Cycle (See Figure 27) f Switching Frequency Esw - ENERGY PER SWITCHING CYCLE - µJ 7 Qg = 100 nC 6 Qg = 250 nC Qg = 500 nC 5 Without a detector shield, the dominant cause of optocoupler CMR failure is capacitive coupling from the input side of the optocoupler, through the package, to the detector IC as shown in Figure 28. The HCPL-5120 improves CMR performance by using a detector IC with an optically transparent Faraday shield, which diverts the capacitively coupled current away from the sensitive IC circuitry. However, this shield does not eliminate the capacitive coupling between the LED and optocoupler pins 5-8 as shown in Figure 29. This capacitive coupling causes perturbations in the LED current during common mode transients and becomes the major source of CMR failures for a shielded optocoupler. The main design objective of a high CMR LED drive circuit becomes keeping the LED in the proper state (on or off ) during common mode transients. For example, the recommended application circuit (Figure 25), can achieve 10 kV/s CMR while minimizing component complexity. Techniques to keep the LED in the proper state are discussed in the next two sections. VCC = 19 V VEE = -9 V 4 3 2 1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Rg - GATE RESISTANCE - Ω Figure 27. Energy Dissipated in the HCPL-5120 for Each IGBT Switching Cycle 1 8 1 7 2 6 3 CLEDP 2 CLEDO1 8 CLEDP 7 CLEDO2 3 4 CLEDN 5 Figure 28. Optocoupler Input to Output Capacitance Model for Unshielded Optocouplers. 13 4 6 CLEDN SHIELD 5 Figure 29. Optocoupler Input to Output Capacitance Model for Shielded Optocouplers. CMR with the LED On (CMRH). CMR with the LED Off (CMRL). A high CMR LED drive circuit must keep the LED on during common mode transients. This is achieved by overdriving the LED current beyond the input threshold so that it is not pulled below the threshold during a transient. A minimum LED current of 10 mA provides adequate margin over the maximum IFLH of 7 mA to achieve 10 kV/s CMR. A high CMR LED drive circuit must keep the LED off (VF ≤ VF(OFF)) during common mode transients. For example, during a -dVcm/dt transient in Figure 30, the current flowing through CLEDP also flows through the RSAT and VSAT of the logic gate. As long as the low state voltage developed across the logic gate is less than VF(OFF), the LED will remain off and no common mode failure will occur. The open collector drive circuit, shown in Figure 31, cannot keep the LED off during a +dVcm/dt transient, since all the current flowing through CLEDN must be supplied by the LED, and it is not recommended for applications requiring ultra high CMRL performance. Figure 32 is an alternative drive circuit which, like the recommended application circuit (Figure 25), does achieve ultra high CMR performance by shunting the LED in the off state. +5 V 1 8 0.1 µF CLEDP 2 + VSAT _ 7 + _ V CC = 18 V ILEDP 3 6 CLEDN 4 *** Rg 5 SHIELD *** * THE ARROWS INDICATE THE DIRECTION OF CURRENT FLOW DURING ΔdVCM/dt + _ V CM Figure 30. Equivalent Circuit for Figure 25 During Common Mode Transient. 1 1 8 8 +5 V +5 V CLEDP CLEDP 2 3 Q1 CLEDN 7 2 6 3 5 4 7 6 CLEDN ILEDN 4 SHIELD Figure 31. Not Recommended Open Collector Drive Circuit 14 SHIELD 5 Figure 32. Recommended LED Drive Circuit for Ultra-High CMR IPM Dead Time and Propagation Delay Specifications. The HCPL-5120 includes a Propagation Delay Difference (PDD) specification intended to help designers minimize “dead time” in their power inverter designs. Dead time is the time period during which both the high and low side power transistors (Q1 and Q2 in Figure 25) are off. Any overlap in Q1 and Q2 conduction will result in large currents flowing through the power devices between the high and low voltage motor rail. To minimize dead time in a given design, the turn on of LED2 should be delayed (relative to the turn off of LED1) so that under worst-case conditions, transistor Q1 has just turned off when transistor Q2 turns on, as shown in Figure 33. The amount of delay necessary to achieve this conditions is equal to the maximum value of the propagation delay difference specification, PDD, which is specified to be 350 ns over the operating MAX temperature range of -55C to 125C. Delaying the LED signal by the maximum propagation delay difference ensures that the minimum dead time is zero, but it does not tell a designer what the maximum dead time will be. The maximum dead time is equivalent to the difference between the maximum and minimum propagation delay difference specifications as shown in Figure 34. The maximum dead time for the HCPL-5120 is 700 ns (= 350 ns - (-350 ns)) over an operating temperature range of -55C to 125C. Note that the propagation delays used to calculate PDD and dead time are taken at equal temperatures and test conditions since the optocouplers under consideration are typically mounted in close proximity to each other and are switching identical IGBTs. ILED1 ILED1 *PDD = PROPAGATION DELAY DIFFERENCE VOUT1 V OUT1 Q1 ON Q1 OFF Q2 ON Q2 OFF V OUT2 Q1 ON *PDD = PROPAGATION DELAY DIFFERENCE NOTE: FOR PDD CALCULATIONS THE PROPAGATION DELAYS ARE TAKEN AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE AND TEST CONDITIONS. Q1 OFF Q2 ON Q2 OFF VOUT2 ILED2 tPHL MIN ILED2 tPHL MAX tPHL MAX tPLH MIN tPLH MIN tPLH MAX PDD* MAX = (tPHL - tPLH)MAX = tPHL MAX - tPLH MIN (tPHL - tPLH) MAX = PDD* MAX Figure 33. Minimum LED Skew for Zero Dead Time MAXIMUM DEAD TIME (DUE TO OPTOCOUPLER) = (tPHL MAX - tPHL MIN) + (tPLH MAX - tPLH MIN) = (tPHL MAX - tPLH MIN) - (tPHL MIN - tPLH MAX) = PDD* MAX - PDD* MIN Figure 34. Waveforms for Dead Time Calculations 50 300 250 PO - OUTPUT POWER - mW PE - INPUT POWER - mW 40 30 20 10 0 -55 case-to-ambient thermal resistance = 70 oC/W o = 140 C/W o = 210 C/W -25 5 35 95 65 o TA - AMBIENT TEMPERATURE - C 200 150 100 50 0 -55 125 case-to-ambient thermal resistance o = 70 C/W o = 140 C/W o = 210 C/W -25 5 35 65 95 o TA - AMBIENT TEMPERATURE - C 125 Figure 35. Input Thermal Derating Curve, Figure 36. Output Thermal Derating Curve, Dependence of case-to-ambient Thermal Resistance Dependence of case-to-ambient Thermal Resistance 15 NOTE: FOR DEAD TIME AND PDD CALCULATIONS ALL PROPAGATION DELAYS ARE TAKEN AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE AND TEST CONDITIONS. Under Voltage Lockout Feature. MIL-PRF-38534 Class H and DLA SMD Test Program The HCPL-5120 contains an under voltage lockout (UVLO) feature that is designed to protect the IGBT under fault conditions which cause the HCPL-5120 supply voltage (equivalent to the fully-charged IGBT gate voltage) to drop below a level necessary to keep the IGBT in a low resistance state. When the HCPL-5120 output is in the high state and the supply voltage drops below the HCPL-5120 VUVLO– threshold (9.5 < VUVLO– < 12.0) the optocoupler output will go into the low state with a typical delay, UVLO Turn Off Delay, of 0.6 s. Avago Technologies’ Hi-Rel Optocouplers are in compliance with MIL-PRF-38534 Class H. Class H devices are also in compliance with DLA drawing 5962-04204. Testing consists of 100% screening and quality conformance inspection to MIL-PRF-38534. When the HCPL-5120 output is in the low state and the supply voltage rises above the HCPL-5120 VUVLO+ threshold (11.0 < VUVLO+ < 13.5) the optocoupler output will go into the high state (assuming LED is “ON”) with a typical delay, UVLO Turn On Delay of 0.8 s. 14 VO - OUTPUT VOLTAGE - V 12 (12.3, 10.8) 10 (10.7, 9.2) 8 6 4 2 (10.7, 0.1) 0 0 5 (12.3, 0.1) 10 15 20 (VCC - VEE) - SUPPLY VOLTAGE - V Figure 37. Under Voltage Lock Out For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site: www.avagotech.com Avago, Avago Technologies, and the A logo are trademarks of Avago Technologies in the United States and other countries. Data subject to change. Copyright © 2005-2012 Avago Technologies. All rights reserved. Obsoletes 5989-0942EN AV02-3842EN - October 2, 2012