APDS-9301 Miniature Ambient Light Photo Sensor with Digital (I2C) Output Data Sheet Description Features The APDS-9301 is Light-to-Digital Ambient Light Photo Sensor that converts light intensity to digital signal output capable of direct I2C interface. Each device consists of one broadband photodiode (visible plus infrared) and one infrared photodiode. Two integrating ADCs convert the photodiode currents to a digital output that represents the irradiance measured on each channel. This digital output can be input to a microprocessor where illuminance (ambient light level) in lux is derived using an empirical formula to approximate the human-eye response. • Approximate the human-eye response Application Support Information The Application Engineering Group is available to assist you with the application design associated with APDS-9301 ambient light photo sensor module. You can contact them through your local sales representatives for additional details. • Precise Illuminance measurement under diverse lighting conditions • Programmable Interrupt Function with User-Defined Upper and Lower Threshold Settings • 16-Bit Digital Output with I2C Fast-Mode at 400 kHz • Programmable Analog Gain and Integration Time • Miniature ChipLED Package – Height – 0.55mm – Length – 2.60mm – Width – 2.20mm • 50/60-Hz Lighting Ripple Rejection • Typical 3.0V Input Voltage • Low Active Power (0.6 mW Typical) with Power Down Mode • RoHS Compliant Applications • Detection of ambient light to control display backlighting – Mobile devices – Cell phones, PDAs, PMP – Computing devices – Notebooks, Tablet PC, Key board – Consumer devices – LCD Monitor, Flat-panel TVs, Video Cameras, Digital Still Camera • Automatic Residential and Commercial Lighting Management • Automotive instrumentation clusters • Electronic Signs and Signals Ordering Information Part Number Packaging Type Package Quantity APDS-9301-020 Tape and Reel 6-pins Chipled package 2500 Functional Block Diagram Command Register ADC VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V ADDR SEL Address Select Ch0 (Visible + IR) Ch1 (IR) ADC Register ADC Interrupt INT I2C SCL SDA GND I/O Pins Configuration Table Pin Symbol Type 1 VDD Voltage Supply 2 GND Ground 3 ADDR SEL Address Select 4 SCL Serial Clock 5 SDA Serial Data 6 INT Interrupt Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit Supply voltage VDD – 3.8 V Digital output voltage range VO -0.5 3.8 V Digital output current IO -1 20 mA Storage temperature range Tstg -40 85 ºC ESD tolerance human body model – 2000 V Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Supply Voltage VDD 2.7 3.0 3.6 V Condition Operating Temperature Ta -30 – 85 ºC SCL, SDA input low voltage VIL -0.5 – 0.8 V SCL, SDA input high voltage VIH 2.1 – 3.6 V Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Conditions Supply current IDD – 0.24 0.6 mA Active – 3.2 15 μA Power down 0 – 0.4 V 3 mA sink current 0 – 0.6 V 6 mA sink current -5 – 5 μA Electrical Characteristics INT, SDA output low voltage Leakage current 2 VOL ILEAK Operating Characteristics, High Gain (16x), VDD = 3.0 V, Ta = 25°C, (unless otherwise noted) (see Notes 2, 3, 4, 5) Parameter Symbol Oscillator frequency fosc Dark ADC count value Full scale ADC count value (Note 6) ADC count value Channel Min Typ Max Unit 690 735 780 kHz Ch0 0 4 counts Ee = 0, Tint = 402 ms Ch1 0 4 counts Tint > 178 ms Ch0 65535 Ch1 65535 Ch0 37177 Ch1 37177 Ch0 5047 Ch1 5047 Ch0 750 Ch1 Ch0 ADC count value ratio: Ch1/Ch0 Illuminance responsivity Re Rv 700 (Sensor Lux) /(actual Lux), high gain mode (Note 8) 3 Rv 1250 Tint = 13.7 ms counts 1000 λp = 640 nm, Tint = 101 ms Ee = 36.3 µW/cm2 λp = 940 nm, Tint = 101 ms 1300 Ee = 119 µW/cm2 820 0.15 0.2 0.25 λp = 640 nm, Tint = 101 ms 0.69 0.82 0.95 λp = 940 nm, Tint = 101 ms Ch0 27.5 Ch1 5.5 Ch0 8.4 Ch1 6.9 Ch0 36 Ch1 4 Ch0 144 Ch1 72 ADC count value ratio: Ch1/Ch0 Illuminance responsivity, low gain mode (Note 7) 1000 Tint = 101 ms 200 Ch1 Irradiance responsivity Conditions counts/ (µW/cm2) λp = 640 nm, Tint = 101 ms λp = 940 nm, Tint = 101 ms counts/ lux Fluorescent light source: Tint = 402 ms Incandescent light source: Tint = 402 ms 0.11 Fluorescent light source: Tint = 402 ms 0.5 Incandescent light source: Tint = 402 ms Ch0 2.3 Ch1 0.25 Ch0 9 Ch1 4.5 counts/ lux Fluorescent light source: Tint = 402 ms Incandescent light source: Tint = 402 ms 0.65 1 1.35 Fluorescent light source: Tint = 402 ms 0.60 1 1.40 Incandescent light source: Tint = 402 ms NOTES: 2. Optical measurements are made using small–angle incident radiation from light–emitting diode optical sources. Visible 640 nm LEDs and infrared 940 nm LEDs are used for final product testing for compatibility with high–volume production. 3. The 640 nm irradiance Ee is supplied by an AlInGaP light–emitting diode with the following characteristics: peak wavelength λp = 640 nm and spectral halfwidth ∆λ½ = 17 nm. 4. The 940 nm irradiance Ee is supplied by a GaAs light–emitting diode with the following characteristics: peak wavelength λp = 940 nm and spectral halfwidth ∆λ½ = 40 nm. 5. Integration time Tint, is dependent on internal oscillator frequency (fosc) and on the integration field value in the timing register as described in the Register Set section. For nominal fosc = 735 kHz, nominal Tint = (number of clock cycles)/f osc . Field value 00: Tint = (11 x 918)/fosc = 13.7 ms Field value 01: Tint = (81 x 918)/fosc = 101 ms Field value 10: Tint = (322 x 918)/fosc = 402 ms Scaling between integration times vary proportionally as follows: 11/322 = 0.034 (field value 00), 81/322 = 0.252 (field value 01), and 322/322 = 1 (field value 10). 6. Full scale ADC count value is limited by the fact that there is a maximum of one count per two oscillator frequency periods and also by a 2–count offset. Full scale ADC count value = ((number of clock cycles)/2 - 2) Field value 00: Full scale ADC count value = ((11 x 918)/2 - 2) = 5047 Field value 01: Full scale ADC count value = ((81 x 918)/2 - 2) = 37177 Field value 10: Full scale ADC count value = 65535, which is limited by 16 bit register. This full scale ADC count value is reached for 131074 clock cycles, which occurs for Tint = 178 ms for nominal fosc = 735 kHz. 7. Low gain mode has 16x lower gain than high gain mode: (1/16 = 0.0625). 8. For sensor Lux calculation, please refer to the empirical formula below. It is based on measured Ch0 and Ch1 ADC count values for the light source specified. Actual Lux is obtained with a commercial luxmeter. The range of the (sensor Lux) / (actual Lux) ratio is estimated based on the variation of the 640 nm and 940 nm optical parameters. Devices are not 100% tested with fluorescent or incandescent light sources. CH1/CH0 Sensor Lux Formula 0 < CH1/CH0 ≤ 0.50 Sensor Lux = (0.0304 x CH0) – (0.062 x CH0 x ((CH1/CH0)1.4)) 0.50 < CH1/CH0 ≤ 0.61 Sensor Lux = (0.0224 x CH0) – (0.031 x CH1) 0.61 < CH1/CH0 ≤ 0.80 Sensor Lux = (0.0128 x CH0) – (0.0153 x CH1) 0.80 < CH1/CH0 ≤ 1.30 Sensor Lux = (0.00146 x CH0) – (0.00112 x CH1) CH1/CH0>1.30 Sensor Lux = 0 AC Electrical Characteristics (VDD = 3 V, Ta = 25°C) PARAMETER† MIN TYP MAX UNIT t(CONV) Conversion time 12 100 400 ms f(SCL) Clock frequency – – 400 kHz t(BUF) Bus free time between start and stop condition 1.3 – – μs t(HDSTA) Hold time after (repeated) start condition. After this period, the first clock is generated. 0.6 – – μs t(SUSTA) Repeated start condition setup time 0.6 – – μs t(SUSTO) Stop condition setup time 0.6 – – μs t(HDDAT) Data hold time 0 – 0.9 μs t(SUDAT) Data setup time 100 – – ns t(LOW) SCL clock low period 1.3 – – μs t(HIGH) SCL clock high period 0.6 – – μs tF Clock/data fall time – – 300 ns tR Clock/data rise time – – 300 ns Cj Input pin capacitance – – 10 pF † 4 Specified by design and characterization; not production tested. Parameter Measurement Information t(LOW) SCL t(R) t(F) VIH VIL t(HDSTA) t(HIGH) t(SUSTA) t(HDDAT) t(BUF) t(SUSTO) t(SUDAT) VIH VIL SDA P Stop Condition S Start Condition Start SCL S Stop t(LOWSEXT) t(LOWMEXT) SCLACK P t(LOWMEXT) SCLACK t(LOWMEXT) SDA Figure 1. Timing Diagrams SCL 1 9 1 9 SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W Start by Master D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK by APDS-9301 ACK by Stop by APDS-9301 Master Frame 1 I2C Slave Address Byte Frame 2 Command Byte Figure 2. Example Timing Diagram for I2C Send Byte Format SCL 1 9 1 9 SDA A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 Start by Master D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK by APDS-9301 Frame 1 I2C Slave Address Byte Figure 3. Example Timing Diagram for I2C Receive Byte Format 5 R/W NACK by Stop by Master Master Frame 2 Data Byte From APDS-9301 Typical Characteristics 0.6 - Wavelength - nm 0.4 Channel 1 Photodiode 0.2 0 300 Normalized Responsivity Normalized Responsivity Channel 0 Photodiode 0.8 400 500 600 700 800 900 Spectral Responsivity 1000 1100 Optical Axis 1.0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -90 -60 -30 0 30 - Angular Displacement - 470 pF 60 90 Figure 4. Normalized Responsitivity vs. Spectral Responsivity Figure 5. Normalized Responsivity vs. Angular Displacement * CL Package PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION I2C Protocols Analog–to–Digital Converter Each Send and Write protocol is, essentially, a series of bytes. A byte sent to the APDS-9301 with the most significant bit (MSB) equal to 1 will be interpreted as a COMMAND byte. The lower four bits of the COMMAND byte form the register select address (see Table 2), which is used to select the destination for the subsequent byte(s) received. The APDS-9301 responds to any Receive Byte requests with the contents of the register specified by the stored register select address. The APDS-9301 contains two integrating analog-to-digital converters (ADC) that integrate the currents from the channel 0 and channel 1 photodiodes. Integration of both channels occurs simultaneously, and upon completion of the conversion cycle the conversion result is transferred to the channel 0 and channel 1 data registers, respectively. The transfers are double buffered to ensure that invalid data is not read during the transfer. After the transfer, the device automatically begins the next integration cycle. The APDS-9301 implements the following protocols of the Philips Semiconductor I2C specification: Digital Interface • I2C Write Protocol Interface and control of the APDS-9301 is accomplished through a two–wire serial interface to a set of registers that provide access to device control functions and output data. The serial interface is compatible to I2C bus Fast–Mode. The APDS-9301 offers three slave addresses that are selectable via an external pin (ADDR SEL). The slave address options are shown in Table 1. • I2C Read Protocol Table 1. Slave Address Selection ADDR SEL TERMINAL LEVEL SLAVE ADDRESS GND 0101001 Float 0111001 VDD 1001001 NOTE: The Slave Addresses are 7 bits and please note the I2C protocols. A read/write bit should be appended to the slave address by the master device to properly communicate with the APDS-9301 device. 6 For a complete description of I2C protocol, please review the I2C Specification at http://www.semiconductors. philips.com 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 S Slave Address Wr A Data Byte A P X X A Acknowledge (this bit position may be 0 for an ACK or 1 for a NACK) P Stop Condition Rd Read (bit value of 1) S Start Condition Sr Repeated Start Condition Wr Write (bit value of 0) X Shown under a field indicates that that field is required to have a value of X ... Continuation of protocol Master-to-Slave Slave-to-Master Figure 6. I2C Packet Protocol Element Key 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 1 S Slave Address Wr A Common Code A Data Byte A P Figure 7. I2C Write Protocols 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 S Slave Address Wr A Command Code A Sr Slave Address Rd A Data Byte A P 1 Figure 8. I2C Read Protocols 1 7 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 1 S Slave Address Wr A Command Code A Data Byte Low A Data Byte High A P Figure 9. I2C Write Word Protocols 1 7 1 1 8 1 1 7 1 1 8 1 S Slave Address Wr A Command Code A Sr Slave Address Rd A Data Byte Low A ... 8 1 1 Data Byte High A P Figure 10. I2C Read Word Protocols 7 1 Register Set The APDS-9301 is controlled and monitored by sixteen registers (three are reserved) and a command register accessed through the serial interface. These registers provide for a variety of control functions and can be read to determine results of the ADC conversions. The register set is summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Register Address ADDRESS RESISTER NAME REGISTER FUNCTION -- COMMAND Specifies register address 0h CONTROL Control of basic functions 1h TIMING Integration time/gain control 2h THRESHLOWLOW Low byte of low interrupt threshold 3h THRESHLOWHIGH High byte of low interrupt threshold 4h THRESHHIGHLOW Low byte of high interrupt threshold 5h THRESHHIGHHIGH High byte of high interrupt threshold 6h INTERRUPT Interrupt control 7h -- Reserved 8h CRC Factory test — not a user register 9h -- Reserved Ah ID Part number/ Rev ID Bh -- Reserved Ch DATA0LOW Low byte of ADC channel 0 Dh DATA0HIGH High byte of ADC channel 0 Eh DATA1LOW Low byte of ADC channel 1 Fh DATA1HIGH High byte of ADC channel 1 The mechanics of accessing a specific register depends on the specific I2C protocol used. Refer to the section on I2C protocols. In general, the COMMAND register is written first to specify the specific control/status register for following read/write operations. 8 Command Register The command register specifies the address of the target register for subsequent read and write operations. The Send Byte protocol is used to configure the COMMAND register. The command register contains eight bits as described in Table 3. The command register defaults to 00h at power on. Table 3. Command Register 7 6 5 4 CMD CLEAR WORD Resv 0 0 0 0 Reset Value: 3 2 1 0 ADDRESS 0 0 COMMAND 0 0 FIELD BIT DESCRIPTION CMD 7 Select command register. Must write as 1. CLEAR 6 Interrupt clear. Clears any pending interrupt. This bit is a write-one-to-clear bit. It is self clearing. WORD 5 I2C Write/Read Word Protocol. 1 indicates that this I2C transaction is using either the I2C Write Word or Read Word protocol. Resv 4 Reserved. Write as 0. ADDRESS 3:0 Register Address. This field selects the specific control or status register for following write and read commands according to Table 2. Control Register (0h) The CONTROL register contains two bits and is primarily used to power the APDS-9301 device up and down as shown in Table 4. Table 4. Control Re gister Oh Reset Value: 7 6 5 4 3 2 Resv Resv Resv Resv Resv Resv 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 POWER 0 CONTROL 0 FIELD BIT DESCRIPTION Resv 7:2 Reserved. Write as 0. POWER 1:0 Power up/power down. By writing a 03h to this register, the device is powered up. By writing a 00h to this register, the device is powered down. NOTE: If a value of 03h is written, the value returned during a read cycle will be 03h. This feature can be used to verify that the device is communicating properly. 9 Timing Register (1h) The TIMING register controls both the integration time and the gain of the ADC channels. A common set of control bits is provided that controls both ADC channels. The TIMING register defaults to 02h at power on. Table 5. Timing Register 1hr 7 6 5 4 3 2 Resv Resv Resv GAIN MANUAL Resv 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reset Value: 1 0 INTEG 1 TIMING 0 FIELD BIT DESCRIPTION Resv 7-5 Reserved. Write as 0. GAIN 4 Switches gain between low gain and high gain modes. Writing a 0 selects low gain (1x); writing a 1 selects high gain (16x). MANUAL 3 Manual timing control. Writing a 1 begins an integration cycle. Writing a 0 stops an integration cycle. NOTE: This field only has meaning when INTEG = 11. It is ignored at all other times. Resv 2 Reserved. Write as 0. INTEG 1:0 Integrate time. This field selects the integration time for each conversion. Integration time is dependent on the INTEG FIELD VALUE and the internal clock frequency. Nominal integration times and respective scaling between integration times scale proportionally as shown in Table 6. See Note 5 and Note 6 on page 5 for detailed information regarding how the scale values were obtained. Table 6. Integration Time INTEG FIELD VALUE SCALE NOMINAL INTEGRATION TIME 00 0.034 13.7 ms 01 0.252 101 ms 10 1 402 ms 11 – N/A The manual timing control feature is used to manually start and stop the integration time period. If a particular integration time period is required that is not listed in Table 6, then this feature can be used. For example, the manual timing control can be used to synchronize the APDS-9301 device with an external light source (e.g. LED). A start command to begin integration can be initiated by writing a 1 to this bit field. Correspondingly, the integration can be stopped by simply writing a 0 to the same bit field. 10 Interrupt Threshold Register (2h - 5h) The interrupt threshold registers store the values to be used as the high and low trigger points for the comparison function for interrupt generation. If the value generated by channel 0 crosses below or is equal to the low threshold specified, an interrupt is asserted on the interrupt pin. If the value generated by channel 0 crosses above the high threshold specified, an interrupt is asserted on the interrupt pin. Registers THRESHLOWLOW and THRESHLOWHIGH provide the low byte and high byte, respectively, of the lower interrupt threshold. Registers THRESHHIGHLOW and THRESHHIGHHIGH provide the low and high bytes, respectively, of the upper interrupt threshold. The high and low bytes from each set of registers are combined to form a 16–bit threshold value. The interrupt threshold registers default to 00h on power up. Table 7. Interrupt Threshold Register REGISTER ADDRESS BITS DESCRIPTION THRESHLOWLOW 2h 7:0 ADC channel 0 lower byte of the low threshold THRESHLOWHIGH 3h 7:0 ADC channel 0 upper byte of the low threshold THRESHHIGHLOW 4h 7:0 ADC channel 0 lower byte of the high threshold THRESHHIGHHIGH 5h 7:0 ADC channel 0 upper byte of the high threshold NOTE: Since two 8-bit values are combined for a single 16-bit value for each of the high and low interrupt thresholds, the Send Byte protocol should not be used to write to these registers. Any values transferred by the Send Byte protocol with the MSB set would be interpreted as the COMMAND field and stored as an address for subsequent read/write operations and not as the interrupt threshold information as desired. The Write Word protocol should be used to write byte-paired registers. For example, the THRESHLOWLOW and THRESHLOWHIGH registers (as well as the THRESHHIGHLOW and THRESHHIGHHIGH registers) can be written together to set the 16–bit ADC value in a single transaction. Interrupt Control Register (6h) The INTERRUPT register controls the extensive interrupt capabilities of the APDS-9301. The APDS-9301 permits traditional level-style interrupts. The interrupt persist bit field (PERSIST) provides control over when interrupts occur. A value of 0 causes an interrupt to occur after every integration cycle regardless of the threshold settings. A value of 1 results in an interrupt after one integration time period outside the threshold window. A value of N (where N is 2 through 15) results in an interrupt only if the value remains outside the threshold window for N consecutive integration cycles. For example, if N is equal to 10 and the integration time is 402 ms, then the total time is approximately 4 seconds. When a level Interrupt is selected, an interrupt is generated whenever the last conversion results in a value outside of the programmed threshold window. The interrupt is active-low and remains asserted until cleared by writing the COMMAND register with the CLEAR bit set. NOTE: Interrupts are based on the value of Channel 0 only. Table 8. Interrupt Control Register 6h Reset Value: 7 6 Resv Resv 0 0 5 4 3 2 INTR 0 1 0 PERSIST 0 0 0 INTERRUPT 0 0 FIELD BITS DESCRIPTION Resv 7:6 Reserved. Write as 0. INTR 5:4 INTR Control Select. This field determines mode of interrupt logic according to Table 9, below. PERSIST 3:0 Interrupt persistence. Controls rate of interrupts to the host processor as shown in Table 10, below. 11 Table 9. Interrupt Control Select INTR FIELD VALUE READ VALUE 00 Level Interrupt output disabled 01 Level Interrupt output enabled Table 10. Interrupt Persistence Select PERSIST FIELD VALUE INTERRUPT PERSIST FUNCTION 0000 Every ADC cycle generates interrupt 0001 Any value outside of threshold range 0010 2 integration time periods out of range 0011 3 integration time periods out of range 0100 4 integration time periods out of range 0101 5 integration time periods out of range 0110 6 integration time periods out of range 0111 7 integration time periods out of range 1000 8 integration time periods out of range 1001 9 integration time periods out of range 1010 10 integration time periods out of range 1011 11 integration time periods out of range 1100 12 integration time periods out of range 1101 13 integration time periods out of range 1110 14 integration time periods out of range 1111 15 integration time periods out of range ID Register (Ah) The ID register provides the value for both the part number and silicon revision number for that part number. It is a read-only register, whose value never changes. Table 11. ID Register Ah Reset Value: 7 6 5 4 0 1 0 1 – – – – FIELD BITS DESCRIPTION PARTNO 7:4 Part Number Identification REVNO 3:0 Revision number identification 12 3 2 1 0 REVNO – – ID – – ADC Channel Data Registers (Ch - Fh) The ADC channel data are expressed as 16-bit values spread across two registers. The ADC channel 0 data registers, DATA0LOW and DATA0HIGH provide the lower and upper bytes, respectively, of the ADC value of channel 0. Registers DATA1LOW and DATA1HIGH provide the lower and upper bytes, respectively, of the ADC value of channel 1. All channel data registers are read-only and default to 00h on power up. Table 12. ADC Channel Data Registers REGISTER ADDRESS BITS DESCRIPTION DATA0LOW Ch 7:0 ADC channel 0 lower byte DATA0HIGH Dh 7:0 ADC channel 0 upper byte DATA1LOW Eh 7:0 ADC channel 1 lower byte DATA1HIGH Fh 7:0 ADC channel 1 upper byte The upper byte data registers can only be read following a read to the corresponding lower byte register. When the lower byte register is read, the upper eight bits are strobed into a shadow register, which is read by a subsequent read to the upper byte. The upper register will read the correct value even if additional ADC integration cycles end between the reading of the lower and upper registers. NOTE: The Read Word protocol can be used to read byte-paired registers. For example, the DATA0LOW and DATA0HIGH registers (as well as the DATA1LOW and DATA1HIGH registers) may be read together to obtain the 16-bit ADC value in a single transaction 13 APDS-9301 Package Outline 0.25±0.15 2.20±0.1 1.05 0.25±0.15 5 4 6 3 1 2 0.35±0.15 0.70 0.35±0.15 0.1 Pin 1 Marker 3.00° Coplanarity±0.1 0.55±0.1 0.18 2.60±0.1 6 X 0.65±0.15 6 X R0.18 2 X 0.6±0.05 4 X 0.35±0.15 Pin 1 : Vdd Pin 2 : GND Pin 3 : ADR SEL Pin 4 : SCL Pin 5 : SDA Pin 6 : INT Notes: All dimensions are in millimeters. Dimension tolerance is ±0.2 mm unless otherwise stated PCB Pad Layout The suggested PCB layout is given below: Notes: All linear dimensions are in millimeters. 14 APDS-9301 Tape and Reel Dimensions 15 Moisture Proof Packaging Chart All APDS-9301 options are shipped in moisture proof package. Once opened, moisture absorption begins. This part is compliant to JEDEC Level 3. UNITS IN A SEALED MOISTURE-PROOF PACKAGE PACKAGE IS OPENED (UNSEALED) ENVIRONMENT LESS THAN 30°C AND LESS THAN 60% RH YES NO BAKING IS NECESSARY PACKAGE IS OPENED LESS THAN 168 HOURS YES NO PERFORM RECOMMENDED BAKING CONDITIONS NO BAKING CONDITIONS CHART Recommended Storage Conditions Storage Temperature 10°C to 30°C Relative Humidity Below 60% RH Baking Conditions If the parts are not stored per the recommended storage conditions they must be baked before reflow to prevent damage to the parts. Time from Unsealing to Soldering Package Temp. Time After removal from the bag, the parts should be soldered within seven days if stored at the recommended storage conditions. When MBB (Moisture Barrier Bag) is opened and the parts are exposed to the recommended storage conditions more than seven days the parts must be baked before reflow to prevent damage to the parts. In Reels 60°C 48 hours In Bulk 100°C 4 hours 16 Note: Baking should only be done once. Recommended Reflow Profile MAX 260C T - TEMPERATURE (°C) 255 R3 230 217 200 180 150 120 R2 R4 60 sec to 90 sec Above 217 C R5 R1 80 25 0 P1 HEAT UP 50 100 150 P2 SOLDER PASTE DRY 200 P3 SOLDER REFLOW 250 P4 COOL DOWN 300 t-TIME (SECONDS) Process Zone Symbol ∆T Maximum ∆T/∆time or Duration Heat Up P1, R1 25°C to 150°C 3°C/s Solder Paste Dry P2, R2 150°C to 200°C 100s to 180s Solder Reflow P3, R3 P3, R4 200°C to 260°C 260°C to 200°C 3°C/s -6°C/s Cool Down P4, R5 200°C to 25°C -6°C/s Time maintained above liquidus point, 217°C > 217°C 60s to 120s Peak Temperature 260°C – Time within 5°C of actual Peak Temperature – 20s to 40s Time 25°C to Peak Temperature 25°C to 260°C 8mins The reflow profile is a straight-line representation of a nominal temperature profile for a convective reflow solder process. The temperature profile is divided into four process zones, each with different ∆T/∆time temperature change rates or duration. The ∆T/∆time rates or duration are detailed in the above table. The temperatures are measured at the component to printed circuit board connections. In process zone P1, the PC board and component pins are heated to a temperature of 150°C to activate the flux in the solder paste. The temperature ramp up rate, R1, is limited to 3°C per second to allow for even heating of both the PC board and component pins. Process zone P2 should be of sufficient time duration (100 to 180 seconds) to dry the solder paste. The temperature is raised to a level just below the liquidus point of the solder. Process zone P3 is the solder reflow zone. In zone P3, the temperature is quickly raised above the liquidus point of solder to 260°C (500°F) for optimum results. The dwell time above the liquidus point of solder should be between 60 and 90 seconds. This is to assure proper coalescing of the solder paste into liquid solder and the formation of good solder connections. Beyond the recommended dwell time the intermetallic growth within the solder connections becomes excessive, resulting in the formation of weak and unreliable connections. The temperature is then rapidly reduced to a point below the solidus temperature of the solder to allow the solder within the connections to freeze solid. Process zone P4 is the cool down after solder freeze. The cool down rate, R5, from the liquidus point of the solder to 25°C (77°F) should not exceed 6°C per second maximum. This limitation is necessary to allow the PC board and component pins to change dimensions evenly, putting minimal stresses on the component. It is recommended to perform reflow soldering no more than twice. 17 Appendix A: Window Design Guide A1: Optical Window Dimensions To ensure that the performance of the APDS-9301 will not be affected by improper window design, there are some criteria requested on the dimensions and design of the window. There is a constraint on the minimum size of the window, which is placed in front of the photo light sensor, so that it will not affect the angular response of the APDS9301. This minimum dimension that is recommended will ensure at least a ±35° light reception cone. If a smaller window is required, a light pipe or light guide can be used. A light pipe or light guide is a cylindrical piece of transparent plastic, which makes use of total internal reflection to focus the light. The thickness of the window should be kept as minimum as possible because there is a loss of power in every optical window of about 8% due to reflection (4% on each side) and an additional loss of energy in the plastic material. Figure A1 illustrates the two types of window that we have recommended which could either be a flat window or a flat window with light pipe. Table A1 and Figure A2 show the recommended dimensions of the window. These dimension values are based on a window thickness of 1.0mm with a refractive index 1.585. The window should be placed directly on top of the light sensitive area of APDS-9301 (see Figure A3) to achieve better performance. If a flat window with a light pipe is used, dimension D2 should be 1.55mm to optimize the performance of APDS-9301. D1 Top View T WD L D2 D2 D1 Z APDS-9301 Photo Light Sensor Figure A2. Recommended Window Dimensions Figure A1. Recommended Window Design WD: Working Distance between window front panel & APDS-9301 D1: Window Diameter T: Thickness L: Length of Light Pipe D2: Light Pipe Diameter Z: Distance between window rear panel and APDS-9301 All dimensions are in mm 18 Table A1. Recommended dimension for optical window Flat Window (L = 0.0 mm, T = 1.0 mm) WD (T+L+Z) Flat window with Light Pipe (D2 = 1.55mm, Z = 0.5mm, T = 1.0mm) Z D1 D1 L 1.5 0.5 2.25 – – 2.0 1.0 3.25 – – 2.5 1.5 4.25 – – 3.0 2.0 5.00 2.5 1.5 6.0 5.0 8.50 2.5 4.5 2.60 1.50 5 4 6 3 2.20 1.0500 Active area 1 Pin 1 Marker 2 1.3001 Notes: 1. All dimensions are in millimeters 2. All package dimension tolerance in ± 0.2mm unless otherwise specified Figure A3. APDS-9301 Light Sensitive Area A2: Optical Window Material Table A2. Recommended Plastic Materials The material of the window is recommended to be polycarbonate. The surface finish of the plastic should be smooth, without any texture. Material number Visible light transmission Refractive index Makrolon LQ2647 87% 1.587 Makrolon LQ3147 87% 1.587 Makrolon LQ3187 85% 1.587 The recommended plastic material for use as a window is available from Bayer AG and Bayer Antwerp N. V. (Europe), Bayer Corp. (USA) and Bayer Polymers Co., Ltd. (Thailand), as shown in Table A2. 19 Appendix B: Application Circuit Pin 1: VDD VIO 0.1uF R1 R2 R3 Pin 1 Pin 4 Pin 2 SCL APDS-9301 MCU Pin 5 SDA Pin 6 INT Pin 3 ** ADDR_SEL Pin 2: GND ** Note: ADDR_SEL Float : Slave address is 0111001 Figure B1. Application circuit for APDS-9301 The power supply lines must be decoupled with a 0.1 uF capacitor placed as close to the device package as possible, as shown in Figure B1. The bypass capacitor should have low effective series resistance (ESR) and low effective series inductance (ESI), such as the common ceramic types, which provide a low impedance path to ground at high frequencies to handle transient currents caused by internal logic switching. For product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site: Pull-up resistors, R1 and R2, maintain the SDA and SCL lines at a high level when the bus is free and ensure the signals are pulled up from a low to a high level within the required rise time. For a complete description of I2C maximum and minimum R1 and R2 values, please review the I2C Specification at http://www.semiconductors.philips.com. A pull-up resistor, R3, is also required for the interrupt (INT), which functions as a wired-AND signal in a similar fashion to the SCL and SDA lines. A typical impedance value between 10 kΩ and 100 kΩ can be used. www.avagotech.com Avago, Avago Technologies, and the A logo are trademarks of Avago Technologies in the United States and other countries. Data subject to change. Copyright © 2005-2010 Avago Technologies. All rights reserved. AV02-2315EN - January 7, 2010