Freescale MC68HC705MC4CP General release specification Datasheet

MC68HC705MC4
General Release Specification
January 29, 1997
CSIC System Design Group
Austin, Texas
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R E Q U I R E D
A G R E E M E N T
HC705MC4GRS/D
REV. 2.0
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Freescale Semiconductor
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
General Release Specification
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
List of Sections
Section 1. General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
R E Q U I R E D
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Section 4. Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Section 5. Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Section 6. Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Section 7. Input/Output Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Section 8. Analog Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
A G R E E M E N T
Section 3. Central Processing Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section 9. 16-Bit Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Section 10. Pulse Width Modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Section 11. Serial Communications Interface . . . . . . 119
Section 12. Core Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Section 13. Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Section 14. Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Section 15. Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Section 16. Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
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Section 2. Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
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List of Sections
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
List of Sections
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Section 1. General Description
1.1
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.3
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
1.4
Mask Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.5
Functional Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.5.1
VDD and VSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2
OSC1 and OSC2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2.1
Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2.2
Ceramic Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
1.5.2.3
External Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.3
1.5.4
PA0, PA1/PWMA1, PA2/PWMB1, PA3/PWMA2,
PA4/PWMB2, PA5/PWMA3,
PA6/PWMB3, and PA7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.5
PB4/TDO, PB5/RDI, PB6, and PB7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.6
PC0:5/AD0:5, PC6/VREFH, and PC7/VREFL . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.7
PD6/TCAP1/TCMP, PD7/TCAP2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
1.5.8
IRQ/VPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Section 2. Memory
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
User Mode Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Bootstrap Mode Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
I/O and Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
EPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
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A G R E E M E N T
Table of Contents
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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Table of Contents
Section 3. Central Processing Unit
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Index Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Condition Code Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Program Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Section 4. Interrupts
4.1
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
4.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
4.3
Reset Interrupt Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.4
Software Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5
Hardware Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5.1
External Interrupt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5.2
Timer Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.1
Input Capture Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.2
Output Compare Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.3
Timer Overflow Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.3
Serial Communications Interface Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
4.5.4
Core Timer Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Section 5. Resets
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
External Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Internal Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Illegal Address Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Power-On Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Computer Operating Properly Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Section 6. Operating Modes
6.1
6.2
6.3
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
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Section 7. Input/Output Ports
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
MCU Line Interface Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Port C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Port D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
I/O Port Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Section 8. Analog Subsystem
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
8.4
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
8.5.3
8.6
8.7
8.8
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Analog Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Ratiometric Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
VREFH and VREFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Accuracy and Precision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Conversion Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Digital Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Conversion Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Multi-Channel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Unused A/D Inputs as I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
A/D Status and Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
A/D Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
A/D During Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Section 9. 16-Bit Timer
9.1
9.2
9.3
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
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Bootloader Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Bootloader Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
EPROM Programming Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Mask Option Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Low-Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
WAIT Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
COP Watchdog Timer Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.5
6.6
6.7
R E Q U I R E D
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9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Input Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Timer Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Timer Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
Timer Operation during Wait/Halt Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Section 10. Pulse Width Modulator
10.1 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
10.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
10.3 PWM Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
10.4 PWM Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
10.4.1
Control Register A and Control Register B . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
10.4.2
RATE Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
10.4.3
UPDATE Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
10.5 PWM Data Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
10.6 PWM during Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
10.7 PWM Operation in User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
10.7.1
Interlock Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
10.7.2
Operation with the Same PWM Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
10.7.3
Operation with Different PWM Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
10.8 PWM during Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9 Application Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9.1
Brushed DC Motor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9.2
Brushless DC Motor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Section 11. Serial Communications Interface
11.1 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
11.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
11.3 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
11.4 SCI Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5 SCI Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.1
Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.2
Character Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.3
Break Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
11.5.1.4
Idle Characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
11.5.1.5
Transmitter Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
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Section 12. Core Timer
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
Ctimer Control and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog Reset . . . . .143
Ctimer Counter Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Core Timer during Wait Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Section 13. Instruction Set
13.1 Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
13.2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
13.3 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
13.3.1
Inherent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.2
Immediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.3
Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.4
Extended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.5
Indexed, No Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.6
Indexed, 8-Bit Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.7
Indexed,16-Bit Offset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.8
Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
13.4 Instruction Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
13.4.1
Register/Memory Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
13.4.2
Read-Modify-Write Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
13.4.3
Jump/Branch Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
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11.5.2
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
11.5.2.1
Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.2
Character Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.3
Receiver Wakeup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.4
Receiver Noise Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.5.2.5
Framing Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.5.2.6
Receiver Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.6 SCI I/O Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
11.6.1
SCI Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
11.6.2
SCI Control Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
11.6.3
SCI Control Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
11.6.4
SCI Status Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
11.6.5
Baud Rate Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table of Contents
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Table of Contents
13.4.4
Bit Manipulation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
13.4.5
Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
13.5 Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
Section 14. Electrical Specifications
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.8
14.9
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
Introdution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
Functional Operating Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166
A/D Converter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
EPROM Programming Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
Section 15. Mechanical Specifications
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
Plastic Dual In-Line Package (Case 710) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
Small Outline Integrated Circuit (Case 751F) . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
Section 16. Ordering Information
16.1
16.2
16.3
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
MC Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Table of Contents
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Figure
Title
Page
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
28-Pin DIP Pinout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
28-Pin SOIC Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Oscillator Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
User Mode Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
I/O and Control Registers Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
I/O and Control Registers $0000–$000F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
I/O and Control Registers $0010–$0001F . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
I/O and Control Registers $0020–$002F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
4-1
4-2
4-3
Interrupt Processing Flowchart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
IRQ Status and Control Register (ISCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Interrupt Hardware Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
5-1
5-2
Reset Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
COP Watchdog Timer Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-6
Programmer Interface to Host . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Bootloader Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Programming Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
EPROM Programming Register (EPGM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Mask Option Register (MOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Wait Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
7-1
7-2
7-3
Port A I/O Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Line Interface Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Port B I/O Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
General Release Specification
List of Figures
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A G R E E M E N T
List of Figures
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Title
Page
Port C I/O Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Port D Circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
8-1
8-2
8-3
Analog Subsystem Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
A/D Status and Control Register (ADSCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
A/D Converter Data Register (ADDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
9-1
9-2
9-3
9-4
9-5
9-6
9-7
9-8
9-9
9-10
9-11
9-12
16-Bit Timer Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Timer Registers (TMRH/TMRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Alternate Counter Registers (ACRH/ACRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
State Timing Diagram for Timer Overflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Output Compare Registers (OCRH/OCRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Output Compare Software Initialization Example . . . . . . . . .86
State Timing Diagram for Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Input Capture Registers (ICRH1/ICRL1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
Input Capture Registers (ICRH2/ICRL2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
State Timing Diagram for Input Capture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89
Timer Control Register (TCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Timer Status Register (TSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6
10-7
10-8
10-9
10-10
10-11
10-12
10-13
10-14
10-15
10-16
PWM Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
PWM Register Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
PWM Control-A Register (CTL-A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
PWM Control-B Register (CTL-B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
PWM Waveforms (POLx = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
PWM Waveforms (POLx = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
PWM Output MUX Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
PWM Control Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
PWM Rate Register (RATE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
PWM Update Register (UPDATE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
State Timing Diagram for PWM UPDATE Generator . . . . .106
PWMA-D Data Register (PWMA-D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
PWMA-I Data Register (PWMA-I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
PWMB-D Data Register (PWMB-D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
PWMB-I Data Register (PWMB-I) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
PWM Interlock Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
7-4
7-5
A G R E E M E N T
Figure
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
R E Q U I R E D
List of Figures
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
List of Figures
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Page
10-17
10-18
Brushed DC Motor Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
3-Phase Brushless DC Motor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
11-1
11-2
11-3
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-7
11-8
SCI Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
SCI Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
SCI Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125
SCI Data Register (SCDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
SCI Control Register 1 (SCCR1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
SCI Control Register 2 (SCCR2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
SCI Status Register (SCSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Baud Rate Register (BAUD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
12-1
12-2
12-3
Core Timer Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Core Timer Control and Status Register (CTCSR) . . . . . .141
Core Timer Counter Register (CTCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
14-1
Typical Low-Side Driver Characteristics
for Standard Port Pins: PA0–PA7, PB4–PB6,
PC0–PC7, PD6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167
Typical Low-Side Driver Characteristics
for High Sink Current Pin, PB7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167
Typical High-Side Driver Characteristics
for High Source Port Pins, PA0–PA7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168
Typical High-Side Driver Characteristics
for Standard Port Pins: PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6 . . .168
Typical Supply Current vs Internal Clock Frequency . . . . .169
Maximum Supply Current vs Internal Clock Frequency . . .170
Power-On Reset and External Reset Timing Diagram . . . .173
14-2
14-3
14-4
14-5
14-6
14-7
General Release Specification
List of Figures
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A G R E E M E N T
Title
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure
R E Q U I R E D
List of Figures
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
List of Figures
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
List of Figures
For More Information On This Product,
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Table
Title
Page
4-1
Vector Addresses for Interrupts and Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
6-1
6-2
6-3
Operating Mode Conditions after Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
Bootloader Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
COP Watchdog Timer Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-4
Port A I/O Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Port B I/O Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Port C I/O Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
Port D I/O Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
8-1
A/D Channel Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
PWM Output MUX Truth for PWMA1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
Mapping of PWM Channels to Port A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
PWM Rate Select for 6-MHz Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Brushed DC Motor Truth Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
Brushless DC Motor Commutation Sequence . . . . . . . . . . .118
11-1
11-2
11-3
Baud Rate Generator Clock Prescaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
Baud Rate Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
Baud Rate Selection Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
12-1
12-2
RTI Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Minimum COP Reset Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
13-1
13-2
13-3
Register/Memory Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
Read-Modify-Write Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
Jump and Branch Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
General Release Specification
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A G R E E M E N T
List of Tables
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table
Title
Page
13-4
13-5
13-6
13-7
Bit Manipulation Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Control Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
Opcode Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162
14-1
14-2
14-3
14-4
14-5
14-6
14-7
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
Operating Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
DC Electrical Characteristics (VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%). . . . . .166
A/D Converter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
Control Timing (VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
EPROM Programming Characteristics
(VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
List of Tables
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
List of Tables
For More Information On This Product,
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1.1 Contents
1.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.3
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
1.4
Mask Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.5
Functional Pin Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
1.5.1
VDD and VSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2
OSC1 and OSC2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2.1
Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
1.5.2.2
Ceramic Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
1.5.2.3
External Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.3
1.5.4
PA0, PA1/PWMA1, PA2/PWMB1, PA3/PWMA2,
PA4/PWMB2, PA5/PWMA3, PA6/PWMB3, and PA7. . .25
1.5.5
PB4/TDO, PB5/RDI, PB6, and PB7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.6
PC0:5/AD0:5, PC6/VREFH, and PC7/VREFL . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.5.7
PD6/TCAP1/TCMP, PD7/TCAP2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
1.5.8
IRQ/VPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
1.2 Introduction
The Freescale MC68HC705MC4 microcontroller is a low-cost M68HC05
Family EPROM microcontroller intended for use in industrial motor
control and power supply applications. Features include a 2-channel,
8-bit, high-speed pulse-width modulator (PWM) module (including a
commutation multiplexer for brushless permanent magnet motor
control), a 6-input, 8-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) controller to
accommodate analog feedback signals, and a serial communications
interface (SCI) to support multi-controller networking.
General Release Specification
General Description
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 1. General Description
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
The MC68HC705MC4 is available in the 28-pin plastic dual in-line
package (PDIP) and 28-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC)
package.
1.3 Features
Features of the MC68HC705MC4 are listed below. Note that all timing is
based on a 3-MHz bus.
•
Low-Cost, HC05 Core Running at 3-MHz Bus Speed at VDD = 5 V
± 10%
•
28-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP), Small Outline
Integrated Circuit (SOIC), or Windowed Ceramic Package with
Low Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Emission Pinout
•
3584 Bytes of User EPROM, Including Eight User Vectors of Two
Bytes Each
•
176 Bytes of User RAM
•
Dual-Channel, High-Speed PWM, Featuring:
– 8-Bit Duty Cycle Resolution
– Independent Prescaler Frequency Selection and Period
Counters
– Two Frequency Ranges, Eight Steps in Each:
183 Hz to 23.4 kHz
122 Hz to 15.6 kHz
– Software Programmable PWM Polarity
– Dual Software Controllable PWM Output Multiplexer, Each
PWM to Three Input/Output (I/O)
•
8-Bit A/D Converter with Six Input Multiplexer
– High and Low References
– Conversion Rate = 10.7 µs
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
General Description
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– Resolution = 1.33 µs
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
– Input Capture Active Edge Software Selectable as Rising or
Falling
•
15-Stage, Multi-Function Core Timer with Timer Overflow,
Real-Time Interrupt, and Watchdog
•
Asynchronous Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
•
22 General-Purpose I/O Lines, Some Shared with Peripheral
Functions
•
One 8-Bit High Source Current I/O Port
– 10 mA/Pin
– 20 mA Maximum/Port
– Port A
•
One High-Sink Current 10 mA Output Pin, PB7
•
Mask, Request, Acknowledge, Edge and Sensitivity (Edge- and
Level-Sensitive or Edge-Sensitive Only) Control/Status Bits for
IRQ Interrupt
•
On-Chip Oscillator for Crystal/Ceramic Resonator
•
Mask Selectable Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog
System
•
Illegal Address Reset
•
Steering Diode on RESET Pin to VDD
General Release Specification
General Description
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A G R E E M E N T
16-Bit Timer with Two Input Captures or One Input Capture Plus
One Output Compare
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
•
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
Features
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
CPU CONTROL
68HC05 CPU
OSC
16-BIT TIMER
1 INPUT CAPTURE &
1 OUTPUT COMPARE OR
2 INPUT CAPTURES
PORT D LOGIC
OSC 1
OSC 2
PD7/TCAP2
PD6/TCMP/TCAP1
ACCUM
CPU REGISTERS
PC7/VREFL
PROGRAM COUNTER
COND CODE REG
1 1 1H I NZC
PC4/AD4
MUX
IRQ/VPP
PC5/AD5
A/ D CONVERTER
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 STK PNTR
PC6/VREFH
PORT C
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER
INDEX REG
PC3/AD3
PC2/AD2
PC1/AD1
PC0/AD0
SRAM — 176 BYTES
USER EPROM/ROM — 3584 BYTES
DUAL PWM
REGISTERS AND LOGIC
PB5/RDI
PB4/TDO
SCI
REGISTERS
AND LOGIC
PA6/PWMB3
PA5/PWMA3
PORT A
PB6
PA7
DATA DIRECTION REG
PB7
PORT B
BOOTSTRAP/SELF-CHECK
ROM — 240 BYTES
DATA DIRECTION REG
A G R E E M E N T
÷4
ALU
RESET
VSS
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÷2
CORE TIMER
VDD
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
INTERNAL
CLOCK
COP
PWM
PRESCALERS
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
PA4/PWMB2
PA3/PWMA2
PA2/PWMB1
PA1/PWMA1
PA0
Figure 1-1. Block Diagram
NOTE:
A line over a signal name indicates an active low signal. For example,
RESET is active high and RESET is active low.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
General Description
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The ROM-based device (MC68HC05MC4) will offer these hard-wired
options.
•
COP Watchdog Timer Enabled with Option to Disable
•
Stop Instruction Enabled with Option to Disable
These options are compatible with the typical application environment in
which the device is expected to be used and will consequently allow the
OTP devices to be used in production.
1.5 Functional Pin Description
The following paragraphs describe the functionality of each pin on the
MC68HC705MC4 package (see Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3). Pins
connected to subsystems which are described in other sections of this
document provide a reference to the section instead of a detailed
functional description.
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A G R E E M E N T
There is one user selectable option on the MC68HC705MC4; the COP
timer. This option is provided through a bit within a mask option register
(MOR) in the EPROM device, which is located and programmed at
$0F00. This option will be hard wired in the ROM-based device.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
1.4 Mask Options
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
Mask Options
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
PA4/PWMB2
1
28
PA3/PWMA2
PA5/PWMA3
2
27
PA2/PWMB1
PA6/PWMB3
3
26
PA1/PWMA1
VDD
4
25
PA0
PA7
5
24
PB7
VSS
6
23
PB6
OSC2
7
22
PB5/RDI
OSC1
8
21
PB4/TDO
RESET
9
20
PD7/TCAP2
IRQ/VPP
10
19
PD6/TCMP/TCAP1
PC0/AD0
11
18
PC7/VREFL
PC1/AD1
12
17
PC6/VREFH
PC2/AD2
13
16
PC5/AD5
PC3/AD3
14
15
PC4/AD4
Figure 1-2. 28-Pin DIP Pinout
PA4/PWMB2
1
28
PA3/PWMA2
PA5/PWMA3
2
27
PA2/PWMB1
PA6/PWMB3
3
26
PA1/PWMA1
VDD
4
25
PA0
PA7
5
24
PB7
VSS
6
23
PB6
OSC2
7
22
PB5/RDI
OSC1
8
21
PB4/TD0
PD7/TCAP2
RESET
9
20
IRQ/VPP
10
19
PD6/TCMP/TCAP1
PC0/AD0
11
18
PC7/VREFL
PC1/AD1
12
17
PC6/VREFH
PC2/AD2
13
16
PC5/AD5
PC3/AD3
14
15
PC4/AD4
Figure 1-3. 28-Pin SOIC Assignments
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
General Description
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Very fast signal transitions occur on the MCU pins. The short rise and
fall times place very high short-duration current demands on the power
supply. To prevent noise problems, take special care to provide good
power supply bypassing at the MCU. Use bypass capacitors with good
high-frequency characteristics, and position them as close to the MCU
as possible. Bypassing requirements vary, depending on how heavily
the MCU pins are loaded.
1.5.2 OSC1 and OSC2
These pins provide control input for an on-chip clock oscillator circuit. A
crystal, a ceramic resonator, or an external signal to these pins provides
the system clock. The oscillator frequency is two times the internal bus
rate.
The OSC1 and OSC2 pins can accept:
•
A crystal as shown in Figure 1-4(a)
•
A ceramic resonator as shown in Figure 1-4(a)
•
An external clock signal as shown in Figure 1-4(b)
The frequency, fOSC, of the oscillator or external clock source is divided
by two to produce the internal bus clock operating frequency, fOP. The
oscillator cannot be turned off by software if the stop disable option is
enabled via mask option.
1.5.2.1 Crystal
The circuit in Figure 1-4(a) shows a typical oscillator circuit for an
AT-cut, parallel resonant crystal. Follow the crystal manufacturer’s
recommendations, as the crystal parameters determine the external
component values required to provide maximum stability and reliable
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Power is supplied to the MCU through VDD and VSS. VDD is connected to
a regulated +5-volt supply and VSS is connected to ground. These pins
are located close to each other for low electromagnetic interference
(EMI) emissions and optimal decoupling.
A G R E E M E N T
1.5.1 VDD and VSS
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
Functional Pin Description
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
startup. The load capacitance values used in the oscillator circuit design
should include all stray capacitances. Mount the crystal and components
as close as possible to the pins for startup stabilization and to minimize
output distortion. The ground return path for C1 and C2 should be as
direct to VSS (pin 6) as possible to minimize the oscillator loop area.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
TO VDD (OR STOP CONTROL) MCU
OSC1
Rexternal
OSC2
TO VDD (OR STOP CONTROL) MCU
OSC1
2 MΩ∗
C1
15–18 pF*
OSC2
UNCONNECTED
C2
15–18 pF*
EXTERNAL CLOCK
(a)
Crystal or Ceramic Resonator
Connections
(b)
External Clock Source
Connections
*Typical values shown. Follow the ceramic resonator manufacturer’s
recommendations for values of R, C1, and C2.
Figure 1-4. Oscillator Connections
1.5.2.2 Ceramic Resonator
In cost-sensitive applications, use a ceramic resonator in place of a
crystal. Use the circuit in Figure 1-4(a) for a ceramic resonator and
follow the resonator manufacturer’s recommendations, as the resonator
parameters determine the external component values required for
maximum stability and reliable starting. The load capacitance values
used in the oscillator circuit design should include all stray capacitances.
Mount the resonator and components as close as possible to the pins for
startup stabilization and to minimize output distortion.
1.5.2.3 External Clock
An external clock from another CMOS-compatible device can be
connected to the OSC1 input, with the OSC2 input not connected, as
shown in Figure 1-4(b).
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
General Description
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1.5.4 PA0, PA1/PWMA1, PA2/PWMB1, PA3/PWMA2, PA4/PWMB2, PA5/PWMA3,
PA6/PWMB3, and PA7
These eight I/O pins comprise port A and are shared with the PWM
subsystem. The state of any pin is software programmable and all port
A lines are configured as inputs during power-on or reset. All port A pins
have high source current capability to simplify interfacing to external
devices, such as small triacs. Refer to Section 7. Input/Output Ports
and Section 10. Pulse Width Modulator.
1.5.5 PB4/TDO, PB5/RDI, PB6, and PB7
These four I/O pins comprise port B. Two pins are shared with the SCI
communication subsystem. The state of any pin is software
programmable and all port B lines are configured as inputs during
power-on or reset. Refer to Section 7. Input/Output Ports and Section
11. Serial Communications Interface.
1.5.6 PC0:5/AD0:5, PC6/VREFH, and PC7/VREFL
These eight I/O pins comprise port C and are shared with the A/D
converter subsystem. The state of any pin is software programmable
and all port C lines are configured as inputs during power-on or reset.
Refer to Section 7. Input/Output Ports and Section 8. Analog
Subsystem.
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A G R E E M E N T
Driving this input low will reset the MCU to a known startup state. This
pin is pulled low by internal resets. The RESET pin contains an internal
Schmitt trigger to improve its noise immunity. Refer to Section 5.
Resets.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
1.5.3 RESET
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
Functional Pin Description
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
General Description
1.5.7 PD6/TCAP1/TCMP, PD7/TCAP2
These two I/O pins comprise port D and are shared with the 16-bit timer
subsystem. PD7 is always an input. PD6 can be used as an input or
output port if the TCAP1 interrupt is disabled and the TCAP1/TCMP bit
is clear in the TCR. This is the state upon RESET. Writes to PD7 have
no effect. They may be read at any time, regardless of the mode of
operation of the 16-bit timer. Refer to Section 7. Input/Output Ports
and Section 9. 16-Bit Timer.
1.5.8 IRQ/VPP
This pin has two different choices of interrupt triggering sensitivity
through the IRQ (maskable interrupt request) bit in the interrupt status
and control register (ISCR). The choices are:
1. Edge-sensitive triggering only
2. Both edge-sensitive and level-sensitive triggering
In addition, the IRQ pin may be selected to trigger an interrupt on either
the rising or falling edge of the IRQ pin signal through the EDGE bit in
the ISCR.
The MCU completes the current instruction before it responds to the
interrupt request.
If the option is selected to include level-sensitive triggering, the IRQ input
requires an external resistor to VDD for wire-OR operation.
The IRQ pin contains an internal Schmitt trigger as part of its input to
improve noise immunity. Refer to Section 4. Interrupts.
This pin also is used to supply the MC68HC705MC4 EPROM array with
the programming voltage.
NOTE:
If the voltage level applied to the IRQ pin exceeds VDD, it can affect the
MCU’s mode of operation. See Section 6. Operating Modes.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
General Description
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2.1 Contents
2.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
2.3
User Mode Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
2.4
Bootstrap Mode Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.5
I/O and Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.6
RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
2.7
EPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
2.2 Introduction
The MC68HC705MC4 utilizes 12 address lines to access an internal
memory space of 4 Kbytes. This memory space is divided into
input/output (I/O) registers, RAM, and EPROM/ROM areas.
General Release Specification
Memory
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 2. Memory
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
2.3 User Mode Memory Map
When the MC68HC705MC4 is in the user mode, the 48 bytes of I/O
registers, 176 bytes of RAM, 3584 bytes of user EPROM, 240 bytes of
bootstrap ROM, and 16 bytes of user vectors EPROM are all active, as
shown in Figure 2-1. The MOR resides at address $0F00 (first byte of
the bootstrap code area) and the EPROM program register resides at
$0026.
$0000
$0000
I/O Registers
48 Bytes
$002F
I/O Registers
See Figure 2-2
$0030
Unused
$002F
$004F
$0050
$00BF
$00C0
$00FF
Internal RAM
176 Bytes
Stack
64 Bytes
$0100
User EPROM/ROM
3584 Bytes
$0EFF
$0F00
Mask Option Register
$0F01
Bootstrap ROM
and Vectors
240 Bytes
$0FEF
$0FF0
$0FFF
User EPROM
Vectors — 16 Bytes
CTimer Vector (High Byte)/
COP Control Register
$0FF0
CTimer Vector (Low Byte)
$0FF1
SCI Vector (High Byte)
$0FF2
SCI Vector (Low Byte)
$0FF3
Timer Vector 1 (High Byte)
$0FF4
Timer Vector 1 (Low Byte)
$0FF5
Timer Vector 2 (High Byte)
$0FF6
Timer Vector 2 (Low Byte)
$0FF7
Timer Vector 3 (High Byte)
$0FF8
Timer Vector 3 (Low Byte)
$0FF9
IRQ Vector (High Byte)
$0FFA
IRQ Vector (Low Byte)
$0FFB
SWI Vector (High Byte)
$0FFC
SWI Vector (Low Byte)
$0FFD
Reset Vector (High Byte)
$0FFE
Reset Vector (Low Byte)
$0FFF
Figure 2-1. User Mode Memory Map
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Memory
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2.5 I/O and Control Registers
Figure 2-3, Figure 2-4, and Figure 2-5 briefly describe the I/O and
control registers according to their locations ($0000–$002F) as shown in
Figure 2-2. Reading unimplemented bits will return unknown states, and
writing unimplemented bits will be ignored.
Port A Data Register
$0000
Port B Data Register
$0001
Port C Data Register
$0002
Port D Data Register
$0003
Port A Data Direction Register
$0004
Port B Data Direction Register
$0005
Port C Data Direction Register
$0006
Port D Data Direction Register
$0007
Core Timer Control & Status Register
$0008
Core Timer Counter Register
$0009
SCI Baud Rate Register
$000A
SCI Control Register 1
$000B
SCI Control Register 2
$000C
SCI Status Register
$000D
SCI Data Register
$000E
IRQ Status and Control Register
$000F
PWMA-D Data Direct Register
$0010
PWMA-I Data Interlock Register
$0011
PWMB-D Data Direct Register
$0012
Figure 2-2. I/O and Control Registers
Memory Map
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A G R E E M E N T
Memory space is identical to the user mode, as shown in Figure 2-1.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
2.4 Bootstrap Mode Memory Map
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
Bootstrap Mode Memory Map
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
PWMB-I Data Interlock Register
$0013
PWM Control Register A
$0014
PWM Control Register B
$0015
PWM Control Rate Register
$0016
Timer Control Register
$0017
Timer Status Register
$0018
Input Capture2 Register MSB
$0019
Input Capture2 Register LSB
$001A
Input Capture1 Register MSB
$001B
Input Capture1 Register LSB
$001C
Output Compare Register MSB
$001D
Output Compare Register LSB
$001E
Reserved
$001F
Timer Register MSB
$0020
Timer Register LSB
$0021
Alternate Counter Register MSB
$0022
Alternate Counter Register LSB
$0023
A/D Converter Data Register
$0024
A/D Control & Status Register
$0025
EPROM Program Register*
$0026
PWM Update Register
$0027
$0028
Unimplemented
$002F
* EPROM device only, unimplemented on ROM device
Figure 2-2. I/O and Control Registers
Memory Map (Continued)
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Memory
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$0000
Port A Data Register
$0001
Port B Data Register
$0002
Port C Data Register
$0003
Port D Data Register
$0004
Port A Data Direction Register
$0005
Port B Data Direction Register
$0006
Port C Data Direction Register
$0007
Port D Data Direction Register
$0008 Core Timer Control & Status Register
$0009
Core Timer Counter Register
$000A
SCI Baud Rate Register
$000B
SCI Control Register 1
$000C
SCI Control Register 2
$000D
SCI Status Register
$000E
SCI Data Register
$000F
IRQ Status and Control Register
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PC7
PC6
PC5
PC4
PC3
PC2
PC1
PC0
PD7
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
PD6
DDRA7 DDRA6 DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA2 DDRA1 DDRA0
DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4
DDRC7 DDRC6 DDRC5 DDRC4 DDRC3 DDRC2 DDRC1 DDRC0
Read:
DDRD6
Write:
Read: CTOF
RTIF
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
0
0
R8
Write:
Read:
Write:
RTIE
0
0
RT1
RT0
CTCR7 CTCR6 CTCR5 CTCR4 CTCR3 CTCR2 CTCR1 CTCR0
Write:
Read:
CTOIE
SCP1
0
T8
TIE
SCP0
0
M
WAKE
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
0
0
0
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU
SBK
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
NF
FE
0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
IRQM
IRQS
EDGE
0
REQ
0
0
0
Read: TDRE
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
ACK
= Unimplemented
Figure 2-3. I/O and Control Registers $0000–$000F
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Memory
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A G R E E M E N T
Register Name
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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Addr.
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
I/O and Control Registers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
Addr.
$0010
$0011
$0012
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
$0013
$0014
$0015
$0016
Register Name
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
MEA
POLA
MSKA3 MSKA2 MSKA1
CSA3
CSA2
CSA1
MEB
POLB
MSKB3 MSKB2 MSKB1
CSB3
CSB2
CSB1
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
ICIE2
ICIE1
TOIE
OCIE
TCMP/
TCAP1
IEDG1
IEDG2
OLVL
ICF2
ICF1
TOF
OCF
0
0
0
0
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read: BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
PWMA Data Register (Effective) Read:
PWMA Data-Direct Register Write:
PWMA Data Register (Effective) Read:
PWMA Data-Interlock Register Write:
PWMB Data Register (Effective) Read:
PWMB Data-Direct Register Write:
PWMB Data Register (Effective) Read:
PWMB Data-Interlock Register Write:
PWM CTL-A Register (Effective) Read:
PWM CTL-A Register (Buffer) Write:
PWM CTL-B Register (Effective) Read:
PWM CTL-B Register (Buffer) Write:
PWM Rate Register (Effective) Read:
PWM Rate Register (Buffer) Write:
$0017
Timer Control Register
$0018
Timer Status Register
$0019
Input Capture Register 2 MSB
$001A
Input Capture Register 2 LSB
$001B
Input Capture Register 1 MSB
$001C
Input Capture Register 1 LSB
$001D
Output Compare Register MSB
$001E
Output Compare Register LSB
$001F
Reserved
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read: BIT 15
Write:
Read:
Write:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
= Unimplemented
R
= Reserved
Figure 2-4. I/O and Control Registers $0010–$0001F
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Memory
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Register Name
7
Timer Register MSB
$0021
Timer Register LSB
$0022
Alternate Counter Register MSB
$0023
Alternate Counter Register LSB
$0024
A/D Converter Data Register
$0025
A/D Status and Control Register
$0026
EPROM Prog Register*
$0027
PWM Update Register
$0028–
$002F
Unimplemented
5
4
3
2
1
0
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read: BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
ADRC
ADON
CH3
CH2
CH1
CH0
LATCH
EPGM
Read: BIT 15
Write:
Read:
Write:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read:
Write:
Read: COCO
Write:
0
Read:
Write:
Read: UPDATE UPDATE
A
B
Write:
Read:
Write:
= Unimplemented
A G R E E M E N T
$0020
6
* EPROM device only, unimplemented on ROM device
Figure 2-5. I/O and Control Registers $0020–$002F
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Memory
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Addr.
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
I/O and Control Registers
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2.6 RAM
The user RAM consists of 176 bytes (including the stack) at locations
$0050 through $00FF. The stack begins at address $00FF. The stack
pointer can access 64 bytes of RAM from $00FF to $00C0.
NOTE:
Using the stack area for data storage or temporary work locations
requires care to prevent it from being overwritten due to stacking from an
interrupt or subroutine call.
2.7 EPROM
There are 3584 bytes of user EPROM at locations $0100 through $0EFF
and 16 additional bytes for user vectors at locations $0FF0 through
$0FFF. The bootstrap ROM, MOR, and vectors are at locations $0F00
through $0FEF. The erased state of an EPROM cell is $FF. The erased
state of the MOR byte is $00.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Memory
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Memory
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3.1 Contents
3.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
3.3
Accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
3.4
Index Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
3.5
Condition Code Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
3.6
Stack Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
3.7
Program Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
3.2 Introduction
This section describes the five CPU registers. CPU registers are not part
of the memory map.
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Section 3. Central Processing Unit
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Central Processing Unit
3.3 Accumulator
The accumulator (A) is a general-purpose 8-bit register used to hold
operands and results of arithmetic calculations or data manipulations.
7
0
A
3.4 Index Register
The index register (X) is an 8-bit register used for the indexed
addressing value to create an effective address. The index register also
may be used as a temporary storage area.
7
0
X
3.5 Condition Code Register
The condition code register (CCR) is a 5-bit register in which four bits are
used to indicate the results of the instruction just executed, and the fifth
bit indicates whether interrupts are masked. These bits can be tested
individually by a program, and specific actions can be taken as a result
of their state. Each bit is explained in the following paragraphs.
CCR
H
I
N
Z
C
H — Half Carry
This bit is set during ADD and ADC operations to indicate that a carry
occurred between bits 3 and 4.
I — Interrupt
When this bit is set, timer and external interrupts are masked
(disabled). If an interrupt occurs while this bit is set, the interrupt is
latched and processed as soon as the interrupt bit is cleared.
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Z — Zero
When set, this bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical,
or data manipulation was zero.
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C — Carry/Borrow
When set, this bit indicates that a carry or borrow out of the arithmetic
logical unit (ALU) occurred during the last arithmetic operation. This
bit is also affected during bit test and branch instructions and during
shifts and rotates.
3.6 Stack Pointer
The stack pointer (SP) contains the address of the next free location on
the stack. During an MCU reset or the reset stack pointer (RSP)
instruction, the stack pointer is set to location $00FF. The stack pointer
is then decremented as data is pushed onto the stack and incremented
as data is pulled from the stack.
When accessing memory, the six most significant bits are permanently
set to 000011. These six bits are appended to the six least significant
register bits to produce an address within the range of $00FF to $00C0.
Subroutines and interrupts may use up to 64 (decimal) locations. If 64
locations are exceeded, the stack pointer wraps around and loses the
previously stored information. A subroutine call occupies two locations
on the stack; an interrupt uses five locations.
11
0
7
0
0
0
1
0
1
SP
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When set, this bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical,
or data manipulation was negative.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
N — Negative
R E Q U I R E D
Central Processing Unit
Stack Pointer
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3.7 Program Counter
The program counter (PC) is a 12-bit register that contains the address
of the next byte to be fetched.
11
0
PC
NOTE:
The HC05 CPU core is capable of addressing a 64-Kbyte memory map.
For this implementation, however, the addressing registers are limited to
a 4-Kbyte memory map.
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Central Processing Unit
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4.1 Contents
4.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
4.3
Reset Interrupt Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.4
Software Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5
Hardware Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5.1
External Interrupt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
4.5.2
Timer Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.1
Input Capture Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.2
Output Compare Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.2.3
Timer Overflow Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
4.5.3
Serial Communications Interface Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
4.5.4
Core Timer Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
4.2 Introduction
The MCU can be interrupted eight different ways:
1. Nonmaskable software interrupt instruction (SWI)
2. External asynchronous interrupt (IRQ)
3. Input capture interrupt (TIMER)
4. Output compare interrupt (TIMER)
5. Timer overflow interrupt (TIMER)
6. Serial communications interrupt (SCI)
7. Core timer overflow interrupt (CTIMER)
8. Real-time interrupt (CTIMER)
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 4. Interrupts
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
Interrupts cause the processor to save the register contents on the stack
and to set the interrupt mask (I-bit) to prevent additional interrupts.
Unlike RESET, hardware interrupts do not cause the current instruction
execution to be halted, but are considered pending until the current
instruction is completed.
When the current instruction is completed, the processor checks all
pending hardware interrupts. If interrupts are not masked (I-bit in the
condition code register is clear), and the corresponding interrupt enable
bit is set, the processor proceeds with interrupt processing. Otherwise,
the next instruction is fetched and executed. The SWI is executed the
same as any other instruction, regardless of the I-bit state.
When an interrupt is to be processed, the CPU puts the register contents
on the stack, sets the I-bit in the CCR, and fetches the address of the
corresponding interrupt service routine from the vector table at locations
$0FF0 through $0FFF. If more than one interrupt is pending when the
interrupt vector is fetched, the interrupt with the highest vector location
shown in Table 4-1 will be serviced first.
Table 4-1. Vector Addresses for Interrupts and Reset
Register
Flag
Name
CPU
Interrupt
Vector
Address
N/A
N/A
Reset
RESET
$0FFE–$0FFF
N/A
N/A
Software
SWI
$0FFC–$0FFD
ISCR
REQ
External Interrupt
IRQ
$0FFA–$0FFB
TSR
ICF2
Timer Input Capture 2
TIMER
$0FF8–$0FF9
TSR
ICF1
Timer Input Capture 1
TIMER
$0FF6–$0FF7
TSR
OCF
Timer Output Compare*
TIMER
$0FF4–$0FF5
TSR
TOF
Timer Overflow*
TIMER
$0FF4–$0FF5
SCSR
Various
SCI
$0FF2–$0FF3
CTCSR
CTOF
Core Timer Overflow*
CTIMER
$0FF0–$0FF1
CTCSR
RTIF
Core Timer Real Time*
CTIMER
$0FF0–$0FF1
Interrupts
SCI
* Vector is shared
An RTI instruction is used to signify when the interrupt software service
routine is completed. The RTI instruction causes the CPU state to be
recovered from the stack and normal processing to resume at the next
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instruction that was to be executed when the interrupt took place. Figure
4-1 shows the sequence of events that occur during interrupt
processing.
The interrupts fall into three categories: reset, software, and hardware.
IS I BIT
SET?
A G R E E M E N T
Y
N
IRQ
INTERRUPT?
Y
CLEAR IRQ
REQUEST
LATCH.
N
TIMER
INTERRUPT?
Y
N
SCI
INTERRUPT?
Y
N
CORE TIMER
INTERRUPT?
Y
N
SET
I BIT IN CCR.
LOAD PC FROM:
SWI: $0FFC, $0FFD
IRQ: $0FFA-$0FFB
ICF2: $0FF8-$0FF9
ICF1: $0FF6-$0FF7
OCF/TOF: $0FF4-$0FF5
SCI: $0FF2-$0FF3
CTOF/RTIF: $0FF0-$0FF1
FETCH NEXT INSTRUCTION.
SWI
INSTRUCTION?
STACK
PC, X, A, CC.
Y
N
RTI
INSTRUCTION?
Y
RESTORE REGISTERS
FROM STACK
CC, A, X, PC.
N
EXECUTE INSTRUCTION.
Figure 4-1. Interrupt Processing Flowchart
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FROM RESET
R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
Introduction
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
4.3 Reset Interrupt Sequence
The reset function is not in the strictest sense an interrupt; however, it is
acted upon in a similar manner as shown in Figure 4-1. A low level input
on the RESET pin or internally generated RST signal causes the
program to vector to its starting address which is specified by the
contents of memory locations $0FFE and $0FFF. The I bit in the
condition code register (CCR) is also set. The MCU is configured to a
known state during this type of reset, as described in Section 5. Resets.
4.4 Software Interrupt
The software interrupt (SWI) is an executable instruction. It is also a
nonmaskable interrupt since it is executed regardless of the state of the
I bit in the CCR. As with any instruction, interrupts pending during the
previous instruction will be serviced before the SWI opcode is fetched.
The interrupt service routine address for the SWI instruction is specified
by the contents of memory locations $0FFC and $0FFD.
4.5 Hardware Interrupts
All hardware interrupts are maskable by the I bit in the CCR. If the I bit
is set, all hardware interrupts (internal and external) are disabled.
Clearing the I bit enables the hardware interrupts. Four hardware
interrupts are explained in the following sections.
4.5.1 External Interrupt
If the interrupt mask bit (I bit) of the CCR is set, all maskable interrupts
(internal and external) are disabled. Clearing the I bit enables interrupts
(subject to their individual interrupt enable control flag status). External
interrupt (IRQ) now has an independent interrupt mask bit in the IRQ
status and control register (ISCR) that also must be cleared to enable its
corresponding interrupt.
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IRQ interrupt requests are acknowledged automatically and cleared
during interrupt processing. It also may be cleared through software by
setting the acknowledge bit in the ISCR. Setting this bit is a one-shot
operation and will not affect subsequent interrupt operation. The action
of clearing the acknowledge bit will clear the request bit. This allows the
programmer the option to cancel spurious interrupts that occur while the
interrupt mask bits are set. This may be necessary in systems where it
is desirable to prevent redundant (ghost) entries to the interrupt service
routine (where the interrupt mask is eventually cleared).
NOTE:
The IRQM is cleared (enabled) during reset, although no interrupts can
occur until the interrupt mask bit of the CCR is cleared. The interrupt
mask bit (I bit) of the CCR is set during reset. The interrupt request
latches also are cleared during reset.
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When the IRQ input goes to the active level for at least one tILIH, a logic
1 is latched internally to signify an interrupt has been requested. When
the MCU completes its current instruction, the interrupt latch is tested. If
the interrupt latch contains a logic 1, and the interrupt mask bit (I bit) in
the condition code register and the IRQ mask bit (IRQM) in the ISCR are
both clear, then the MCU can begin the interrupt sequence. The state of
the interrupt latch is reflected in the interrupt request bit (REQ) in the
ISCR and is cleared automatically during interrupt processing. See
Figure 4-2.
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The interrupt mask bit operates by inhibiting the interrupt signal after the
appropriate interrupt request latch. This feature allows the interrupt to be
recognized and latched even if the mask is set.
R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
Hardware Interrupts
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R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
Address:
$000F
Bit 7
6
5
IRQM
IRQS
EDGE
Read:
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
0
REQ
0
0
0
Write:
Reset:
ACK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
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A G R E E M E N T
Figure 4-2. IRQ Status and Control Register (ISCR)
IRQM — IRQ Enable Mask
The IRQM bit is a read/write bit that will disable the IRQ interrupt when
set. IRQM is cleared by reset.
1 = IRQ interrupt request disabled
0 = IRQ interrupt request enabled
IRQS — IRQ Sensitivity
The IRQS bit is a read/write bit that will select whether the IRQ
interrupt is edge-sensitive only or both edge-sensitive and
level-sensitive. IRQS is cleared by reset.
1 = Both edge-sensitive and level-sensitive
0 = Edge-sensitive only
EDGE — IRQ Active Edge Select
The EDGE bit is a read/write bit that allows the user to select which
edge, rising or falling, of the signal at the IRQ pin will generate an
interrupt. Both rising and falling edge sensitivity may be achieved in
software by toggling the EDGE bit from within the IRQ service routine.
EDGE is cleared by reset.
1 = Rising edge IRQ interrupt
0 = Falling edge IRQ interrupt
REQ — IRQ Interrupt Request
The REQ bit is a read-only bit. The IRQ interrupt request bit and latch
are cleared during IRQ exception processing. Therefore, one external
IRQ interrupt pulse can be latched and subsequently serviced as
soon as the I bit is cleared. REQ will be cleared by reset.
1 = IRQ interrupt request pending
0 = No IRQ interrupt request pending
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NOTE:
The use of separate request and acknowledge bits allows the safe use
of read-modify-write instructions (for example, BSET and BCLR) on the
ISCR register.
EDGE- AND LEVEL-SENSITIVE
ACK
REQ
IRQS
VDD
IRQ
CLEAR
D
Q
INTERRUPT
IRQM
EDGE
Figure 4-3. Interrupt Hardware Structure
NOTE:
When the edge- and level-sensitive mask option is selected, the voltage
applied to the IRQ pin must return to the inactive state before the RTI
instruction in the interrupt service routine is executed. If the IRQ pin
remains in the active level, the interrupt service routine will be re-entered
after the RTI is executed. Setting the ACK bit will have no effect under
these circumstances.
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This bit is write only and will always read as a logic 0. Writing a logic
1 to this bit will acknowledge the interrupt by clearing the
corresponding interrupt request bit.
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ACK — IRQ Interrupt Request Acknowledge
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Hardware Interrupts
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Interrupts
4.5.2 Timer Interrupts
The following paragraphs describe the timer interrupts.
4.5.2.1 Input Capture Interrupts
The input capture interrupts are generated by the 16-bit timer as
described in Section 9. 16-Bit Timer. The input capture interrupt flags
are located in the timer status register (TSR) and the corresponding
enable bits can be found in the timer control register (TCR). The interrupt
service routine addresses are specified by the contents of memory
locations $0FF8 and $0FF9 for input capture 2 and by the contents of
memory locations $0FF6 and $0FF7 for input capture 1.
4.5.2.2 Output Compare Interrupt
The output compare interrupt is generated by the 16-bit timer, as
described in Section 9. 16-Bit Timer. The output compare interrupt flag
is located in register TSR and its corresponding enable bit can be found
in register TCR. The interrupt service routine address is specified by the
contents of memory locations $0FF4 and $0FF5.
NOTE:
The output compare interrupt is not available when the TCMP/TCAP1
timer channel is configured for input capture. See 9.4 Output Compare.
4.5.2.3 Timer Overflow Interrupt
The timer overflow interrupt is generated by the 16-bit timer as described
in Section 9. 16-Bit Timer. The timer overflow interrupt flag is located in
register TSR and its corresponding enable bit can be found in register
TCR. The I bit in the CCR must be clear for the timer overflow interrupt
to be enabled. This internal interrupt will vector to the interrupt service
routine located at the address specified by the contents of memory
locations $0FF4 and $0FF5. The timer overflow and the output compare
function share the same interrupt vector, thus requiring the user to poll
interrupt request flags.
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4.5.4 Core Timer Interrupt
Two different core timer (CTIMER) interrupt flags cause a CTIMER
interrupt whenever they are set and enabled. The interrupt flags and
enable bits are located in the CTIMER control and status register
(CTCSR). Any of these interrupts will vector to the same interrupt service
routine, located at the address specified by the contents of memory
location $0FF0 and $0FF1. See Section 12. Core Timer.
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Five different serial communications interface (SCI) interrupt flags that
cause an SCI interrupt whenever they are set and enabled. The interrupt
flags are in the SCI status register (SCSR), and the enable bits are in the
SCI control register 2 (SCCR2). Any of these interrupts will vector to the
same interrupt service routine, located at the address specified by the
contents of memory location $0FF2 and $0FF3. See Section 11. Serial
Communications Interface.
A G R E E M E N T
4.5.3 Serial Communications Interface Interrupt
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5.1 Contents
5.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
5.3
External Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
5.4
Internal Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
5.4.1
Illegal Address Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
5.4.2
Power-On Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
5.4.3
Computer Operating Properly Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
5.2 Introduction
The MCU can be reset from four sources: one external input and three
internal reset conditions. The RESET pin is an input with a Schmitt
trigger as shown in Figure 5-1. The CPU and all peripheral modules will
be reset by the RST signal which is the logical OR of internal reset
functions and is clocked by the internal bus clock. The RESET pin will
also be pulled low by internal reset for four bus cycles.
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Section 5. Resets
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R E Q U I R E D
Resets
RESET
4-CYCLE
COUNTER
INSTRUCTION
LOAD CLOCK
ADDRESS
RESET
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A G R E E M E N T
VDD
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
ILLEGAL
ADDRESS
OSC
DATA
ADDRESS
POWER-ON
RESET
(POR)
LATCH
COP
WATCHDOG
(COPR)
INTERNAL CLOCK
RST
TO CPU AND
PERIPHERALS
Figure 5-1. Reset Block Diagram
5.3 External Reset
The RESET input is the only external reset and is connected to an
internal Schmitt trigger. The external reset occurs whenever the RESET
input is driven below the lower threshold and remains in reset until the
RESET pin rises above the upper threshold. The upper and lower
thresholds are given in Section 14. Electrical Specifications.
5.4 Internal Resets
The three internally generated resets are the illegal address, the initial
power-on reset (POR) function, and the computer operating properly
(COP) watchdog timer function.
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5.4.2 Power-On Reset
An internal reset is generated on power-up to allow the internal clock
generator to stabilize. The power-on reset is strictly for power turn-on
conditions and should not be used to detect a drop in the power supply
voltage. There is a 4064 internal processor clock cycle (tcyc) oscillator
stabilization delay after the oscillator becomes active. If the RESET pin
is active at the end of this 4064-cycle delay, the MCU will remain in the
reset condition until RESET goes inactive.
The POR will generate the RST signal and reset the MCU. If any other
reset function is active at the end of this 4064-internal clock cycle delay,
the RST signal will remain active until the other reset condition(s) end.
During POR, RESET will be driven low for four cycles. Although the
external reset pulse is short, it is recommended that the user tie RESET
to VDD through a 1 kΩ resistor (not directly).
5.4.3 Computer Operating Properly Reset
When the COP watchdog timer is enabled (by mask option), the internal
COP reset is generated automatically by a time-out of the COP
watchdog timer. This timer is implemented as part of the core timer. See
Section 12. Core Timer. The COP watchdog counter is cleared by
writing a logical 0 to bit 0 at location $0FF0.
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A G R E E M E N T
When an opcode fetch occurs at an address that is not in the RAM or
ROM/EPROM, the part automatically resets. The part will also reset
when an opcode fetch inadvertently occurs at an address within the
bootstrap ROM while the device is in user mode.
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5.4.1 Illegal Address Reset
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Resets
Internal Resets
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R E Q U I R E D
Resets
The COP register is shared with the most significant byte (MSB) of the
core timer interrupt vector as shown in Figure 5-2. Reading this location
will return the MSB of the core timer interrupt vector. Writing a logic 0 to
this location will clear the COP watchdog timer.
Address:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
Write:
Reset:
COPR
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
U
0
0
0
0
= Undefined
Figure 5-2. COP Watchdog Timer Register
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A G R E E M E N T
Read:
$0FF0
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6.1 Contents
6.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
6.3
User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
6.4
Bootloader Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
6.4.1
Bootloader Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
6.4.2
EPROM Programming Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
6.4.3
Mask Option Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
6.5
Low-Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
6.6
WAIT Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
6.7
COP Watchdog Timer Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
6.2 Introduction
The MC68HC705MC4 has two modes of operation that affect the pinout
and architecture of the MCU: user mode and bootloader (EPROM
self-programming) mode. The user mode normally will be used, and the
bootloader mode is required for the special needs of EPROM
programming.
General Release Specification
Operating Modes
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Section 6. Operating Modes
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
The conditions required to enter each mode are shown in Table 6-1. The
mode of operation is determined by:
1. The voltages on the IRQ and PD7/TCAP2 pins on the rising edge
of the external RESET pin.
2. The subsequent rising edge of RESET after an internal reset pulls
the RESET pin low.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
Table 6-1. Operating Mode Conditions after Reset
RESET Pin
IRQ/VPP
PD7/TCAP2
Mode
VSS to VDD
VSS to VDD
User
VPP
VDD
Bootloader
6.3 User Mode
The user mode allows the MCU to function as a self-contained
microcontroller, with maximum use of the pins for on-chip peripheral
functions. All address and data activity occurs within the MCU and are
not available externally. User mode is entered on the rising edge of
RESET if the IRQ pin is within the normal operating voltage range.
In the user mode, port A shares six of its eight input/output (I/O) lines
with the dual channel pulse-width modulator (PWM) subsystem. Port B
shares two of its four I/O lines with the serial communications interface
(SCI) subsystem. Port C shares all of its 8-bit I/O lines with the
analog-to-digital (A/D) subsystem. Port D shares its two port lines with
the 16-bit timer subsystem.
The pinout for user mode is shown in Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Operating Modes
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NOTE:
The external user code addresses must correspond directly with the
internal EPROM addresses.
6.4.1 Bootloader Functions
Two pins are used to select various bootloader functions. These pins are
PC2 and PC3. In addition, PC1 must be connected to VSS. PC0 is a
SYNC pin, which is used to synchronize the MCU to an off-chip source
driving data to be programmed into the MCU as shown in Figure 6-1.
Two other pins, PC6 and PC7 are used to drive the PROG LED and the
VERF LED respectively. The PC2 and PC3 configurations required to
enter the programming modes are shown in Table 6-1.
NOTE:
PC0 must be connected to VSS through a resistor.
Table 6-2. Bootloader Functions
PC2
PC3
Mode
1
1
Program/Verify
1
0
Verify Only
0
0
Dump EPROM
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Bootloader mode is entered upon the rising edge of RESET if the
IRQ/VPP pin is at VPP and the PD7/TCAP2 pin is at logic 1. The
bootloader code resides in ROM between $0F01 and $0FEF. This
program handles copying of user code from an external EPROM or host
computer into the on-chip EPROM. Figure 6-1 shows the timing
required to interface the device being programmed to a host. The
bootloader performs one programming pass at tEPGM per byte. When
programming is complete, the bootloader code then performs a verify
pass.
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6.4 Bootloader Mode
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
Bootloader Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
The bootloader uses an external 12-bit counter to address the external
memory device containing the code to be copied. This counter requires
a clock and a reset function and can address up to 4 Kbytes of memory.
PORT A
DATA OUT
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
CLK (OUT)
SYNC (IN)
HOST READ DATA
(a) Dump EPROM Interface to a Host
DATA READ
CLK (OUT)
SYNC (IN)
DATA IN
(b) Program/Verify Interface to a Host
Figure 6-1. Programmer Interface to Host
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Operating Modes
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BOOT
YES
NO
PC1 = 0
FACTORY TEST MODE
INITIALIZE I/O PORTS
MAYPRG
PC2 = 1
NO
BUMP COUNT TO $100
YES
PC2 = 1
FACTORY
TEST MODE
GET BYTE FROM PORT A
PROGRAM BYTE
GET NEXT ADDRESS
NO
DDRA = OUTPUT
BUMP COUNT TO $100
GET BYTE START @ $100
PUT BYTE ON PORT A
GET NEXT ADDRESS
YES
END ADDRESS
($0FFF)
NO
END ADDR
($0FFF)
YES
VERIFY
CHANGE INSTRUCTION
FROM STA TO EOR
INCREASE COUNT TO $100
START ADDR <- $100
GET BYTE FROM PORT A
JSR RAMSUB
NO
A G R E E M E N T
NO
NO
COMPARE
WAIT
YES
GET NEXT ADDRESS
END ADDRESS
($0FFF)
NO
YES
VERIFY LED ON
*Ignores boot code address space
Mask set 0F21S does not verify MOR.
WAIT
Figure 6-2. Bootloader Flowchart
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PRG/VERF
YES
PC3 = 1
DUMP EPROM
YES
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
Bootloader Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
VPP
A G R E E M E N T
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VDD
0.1 µF
10
IRQ/VPP
8
OSC1
6.0 MHz
7
OSC2
2 MΩ*
20 pF*
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
100 Ω
20 pF*
705MC4
VDD
1
PA0 25
26
PA1
PA2 27
28
PA3
PA4 1
2
PA5
3
PA6
5
PA7
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
20
47 kΩ
9
0.1 µF
22
RESET
6
VSS
PD7
VDD
12
VDD
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
CE
OE
20
VDD
27 28
2764
10
A0
A1 9
8
A2
7
A3
6
A4
5
A5
4
A6
3
A7
25
A8
A9 24
9
Q1
7
Q2
6
Q3
5
Q4
3
Q5
2
Q6
4
Q7
13
Q8
12
Q9
14 Q10
21
15 Q11
1
Q12
A10
A11
23
2
MC14040B
RST
11
A12
14
4
VDD
16
8
CLK
10
PC1
PROG
18
390 Ω
VERF
390 Ω
PC5 16
PC7
PC4
17
15
VDD
VDD
PC6
11 PC0
(SYNC)
PC3
PC2
14
13
All Resistors are 10 KΩ unless otherwise specified
0.1 µF + 10 µF to decouple VDD/VSS
*Typical values. Refer to manufacturer’s recommendations.
Figure 6-3. Programming Circuit
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Operating Modes
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6.4.2 EPROM Programming Register
This register is used to program the EPROM array. To program a byte
of EPROM, set LATCH, then write data to the desired address, and set
EPGM for tEPGM.
Address:
$0026
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
LATCH
EPGM
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
Bootloader Mode
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 6-4. EPROM Programming Register (EPGM)
LATCH — EPROM Latch Control
The LATCH bit is a read/write bit. When set, the address and data
buses are latched when a write to EPROM is done. EPROM cannot
be read if LATCH = 1.
1 = EPROM address and data bus configured for programming
0 = EPROM address and data bus configured for normal reads
EPGM — EPROM Program Control
The EPGM bit may be read or cleared at any time. It may only be set
if LATCH = 1. If LATCH = 0, the EPGM is cleared automatically.
LATCH and EPGM must be set sequentially. They cannot both be set
on the same write.
1 = Programming power switched on to the EPROM array
0 = Programming power switched off the EPROM array
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Write:
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Read:
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R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
6.4.3 Mask Option Register
This register is latched upon RESET and at regular intervals as
determined by the COP timeout period. The register is an EPROM byte
located at $0F00 and holds the option bit for COP disable/enable.
Address:
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A G R E E M E N T
Read:
$0F00
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
Write:
Erased:
Bit 0
COPE
0
U
0
0
= Undetermined
0
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
Figure 6-5. Mask Option Register (MOR)
COPE — COP Enable/Disable
1 = The COP is enabled.
0 = (erased state) The COP is disabled.
NOTE:
The COPE bit is not readable.
6.5 Low-Power Mode
MC68HC705MC4 is capable of running in a low-power mode in each of
its configurations. The WAIT instruction reduces the power required for
the MCU by stopping various internal clocks and/or the on-chip
oscillator. The WAIT instruction is not normally used if the COP
watchdog timer is enabled. Execution of the stop instruction will take the
effect of a NOP. The flow of wait mode is shown in Figure 6-6.
NOTE:
The ROM option will include the STOP functions.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Operating Modes
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STOP INTERNAL PROCESSOR CLOCK,
CLEAR I BIT IN CCR
Y
EXTERNAL
RESET?
N
Y
COP
INTERNAL
INTERRUPT?
N
Y
IRQ
EXTERNAL
INTERRUPT?
N
Y
TIMER
INTERNAL
RESET?
N
RESTART
INTERNAL PROCESSOR CLOCK
Y
SCI
INTERNAL
RESET?
N
1. FETCH RESET VECTOR
OR
2. SERVICE INTERRUPT
A. STACK
B. SET I BIT
C. VECTOR TO INTERRUPT ROUTINE
Y
CORE TIMER
INTERNAL
INTERRUPT?
N
Figure 6-6. Wait Flowchart
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A G R E E M E N T
EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR ACTIVE
AND
INTERNAL TIMER CLOCK ACTIVE
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
WAIT
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
Low-Power Mode
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Operating Modes
6.6 WAIT Instruction
The WAIT instruction places the MCU in a low-power mode. In wait
mode, the bus clock is halted, suspending all processor and internal bus
activity but the timer. COP, ADC, PWM, and SCI subsystems remain
active. To save more power, the user may optionally disable each
individual subsystem through software before entering wait mode.
Execution of the WAIT instruction automatically clears the I bit in the
condition code register, enabling the IRQ external interrupt. All other
registers, memory, and input/output lines remain in their previous state
unless modified by an active peripheral.
If the 16-bit timer interrupt is enabled, it will cause the processor to exit
wait mode and resume normal operation. The 16-bit timer may be used
to generate a periodic exit from wait mode. The wait mode may also be
exited when an IRQ external interrupt, SCI interrupt, or RESET occurs.
6.7 COP Watchdog Timer Considerations
The COP watchdog timer is active in single-chip mode when selected by
mask option. The COP watchdog timer should be disabled for
applications that will use the wait mode with time periods that will exceed
the COP timeout period.
COP watchdog timer interactions are summarized in Table 6-3.
Table 6-3. COP Watchdog Timer Recommendations
IF the following conditions exist
during WAIT period:
THEN the COP watchdog timer
should be:
WAIT period less than COP time-out
Enable or disable COP via Mask Option
WAIT period more than COP time-out
Disable COP via Mask Option
any length WAIT period
Disable COP via Mask Option
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Operating Modes
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Section 7. Input/Output Ports
7.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
7.3
Port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
7.4
MCU Line Interface Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
7.5
Port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
7.6
Port C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
7.7
Port D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
7.8
I/O Port Programming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
7.2 Introduction
In the user mode, 22 bidirectional input/output (I/O) lines are arranged
as two 8-bit I/O ports (port A and port C), one 4-bit I/O port (port B), and
one 2-bit port (port D). These ports are programmable as either inputs or
outputs, except port D bit 7 (input only), under software control of the
data direction registers (DDRs).
NOTE:
Enabling any module that is shared with a port could corrupt port data
written to the port before or during the time that module is enabled.
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7.1 Contents
A G R E E M E N T
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
7.3 Port A
Port A is an 8-bit bidirectional port that shares PA1–PA6 with the pulse
width modulator (PWM) subsystem. (See Figure 7-1.) The port A data
register is located at address $0000 and its data direction register (DDR)
is located at address $0004. Reset does not affect the data registers, but
clears the DDRs, thereby setting all of the port pins to input mode.
Writing a 1 to a DDR bit sets the corresponding port pin to output mode.
PA1–PA6 may be used for general I/O applications when the PWM
subsystem is disabled. PA0–PA7 feature larger P-channel output
devices and are capable of sourcing more current than a standard port
(refer to Section 14. Electrical Specifications).
READ $0004
WRITE $0004
RESET
(RST)
WRITE $0000
DATA DIRECTION
REGISTER BIT
DATA
REGISTER BIT
OUTPUT
I/O
PIN
READ $0000
INTERNAL HC05
DATA BUS
Figure 7-1. Port A I/O Circuitry
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Input/Output Ports
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A G R E E M E N T
It is expected that some applications appropriate to the
MC68HC705MC4 will be required to determine the presence of line
(mains) voltage using the MCU. A low-cost MCU line interface is shown
in Figure 7-2. PA7 has been intentionally located between VDD and VSS
to provide a lowest possible impedance path for the injected currents in
particular fast transients. Although any I/O port will function in this
manner, it is recommended that only PA7 be used for such an interface.
The positive and negative excursions of the input voltage relative to the
neutral return are clamped between VSS and VDD using the internal
parasitic input diodes. The series resistor limits the injected currents to
the specified value. (Refer to Section 14. Electrical Specifications.)
The resistor value must be calculated based upon maximum expected
transient voltage levels (for example, not line peak values). Care should
be taken to ensure parasitic series resistor and PCB capacitance will not
couple transients to the MCU input. Additional filtering is also highly
recommended to help prevent EMC and electrical overstress (EOS)
problems.
R
L
PA7
MCU
LINE
VSS
N
Figure 7-2. Line Interface Circuitry
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7.4 MCU Line Interface Recommendations
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
MCU Line Interface Recommendations
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
7.5 Port B
Port B is a 4-bit bidirectional port that can share pins PB4–PB5 with the
SCI subsystem. Port B data register is located at address $0001 and its
data direction register (DDR) is located at address $0005. Reset does
not affect the data registers, but clears the DDRs, thereby setting all of
the port pins to input mode. Writing a 1 to a DDR bit sets the
corresponding port pin to output mode. (See Figure 7-3.)
PB7 features a larger n-channel output device and can, therefore, sink
more current than a standard port. (Refer to Section 14. Electrical
Specifications.)
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
PB4–PB5 may be used for general I/O applications when the SCI
subsystem is disabled. When the serial communications interface (SCI)
subsystem is enabled, port B registers are still accessible to software.
Writing to either of the port B registers could corrupt the SCI data. See
Section 11. Serial Communications Interface for a discussion of the
SCI subsystem.
PB6–PB7 remain as I/O pins when the SCI subsystem is enabled.
READ $0005
WRITE $0005
RESET
(RST)
WRITE $0001
DATA DIRECTION
REGISTER BIT
DATA
REGISTER BIT
OUTPUT
I/O
PIN
READ $0001
INTERNAL HC05
DATA BUS
Figure 7-3. Port B I/O Circuitry
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Input/Output Ports
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The ADON bit in register ADSC is used to enable/disable the A/D
subsystem. Port C may be used for general I/O applications when the
A/D subsystem is disabled or when all A/D input channels are not
required. Unselected channels revert to general-purpose I/O. See
Section 8. Analog Subsystem.
READ $0006
WRITE $0006
RESET
(RST)
WRITE $0002
DATA DIRECTION
REGISTER BIT
DATA
REGISTER BIT
OUTPUT
I/O
PIN
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Port C is an 8-bit bidirectional port that has shared pins with the
analog-to-digital (A/D) subsystem. The port C data register is located at
address $0002 and its data direction register (DDR) is located at
address $0006. Reset does not affect the data registers, but clears the
DDRs, thereby setting all of the port pins to input mode. Writing a 1 to a
DDR bit sets the corresponding port pin to output mode. (See Figure
7-4.)
READ $0002
INTERNAL HC05
DATA BUS
Figure 7-4. Port C I/O Circuitry
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A G R E E M E N T
7.6 Port C
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
Port C
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
7.7 Port D
Port D is a 2-bit port. PD7 and PD6 are shared with the 16-bit timer. PD6
is a bidirectional I/O pin but PD7 is an input-only pin. The port D data
register is located at address $0003 and its data direction register (DDR)
is located at address $0007. Reset clears the DDR, setting PD6 to an
input but does not affect the data registers. (See Figure 7-5.)
PD6 may be used for general I/O applications when the timer subsystem
is disabled. PD7 may be used as a general-purpose input when the timer
subsystem is disabled. When the timer subsystem is enabled, port D
registers are still accessible to software. Writing to either of the port D
registers with the timer enabled could interfere with timer operation. See
Section 9. 16-Bit Timer for a discussion of the timer subsystem.
READ $0007
TCMP/TCAP1
RESET
(RST)
TCMP
DATA DIRECTION
REGISTER BIT
DATA
REGISTER BIT
OUTPUT
I/O
PIN
READ $0003
INTERNAL HC05
DATA BUS
Figure 7-5. Port D Circuitry
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Input/Output Ports
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At power-on or reset, all DDRs are cleared, which configures all port pins
as inputs. The DDRs are capable of being written to or read by the
processor. During the programmed output state, a read of the data
register will actually read the value of the output data latch and not the
level on the I/O port pin.
Table 7-1. Port A I/O Functions
DDRA
I/O Pin Mode
Accesses
to DDRA
@ $0004
Accesses
to Data Register
@ $0000
Read/Write
Read
Write
0
IN, Hi-Z
DDRA0–DDRA7
PA0–PA7
*
1
OUT
DDRA0–DDRA7
PA0–PA7
PA0–PA7
* Does not affect input, but stored to data register
Table 7-2. Port B I/O Functions
DDRB
I/O Pin Mode
Accesses
to DDRA
@ $0005
Accesses
to Data Register
@ $0001
Read/Write
Read
Write
0
IN, Hi-Z
DDRB4–DDRB7
PB4–PB7
*
1
OUT
DDRB4–DDRB7
PB4–PB7
PB4–PB7
* Does not affect input, but stored to data register
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Each pin on ports A–C may be programmed as an input or an output
under software control as shown in Table 7-1, Table 7-2, and Table 7-3.
Port D6 may be programmed as an input or an output and port D7 may
be used as an input only as shown in Table 7-4. The direction of a pin is
determined by the state of its corresponding bit in the associated port
data direction register (DDR). A pin is configured as an output if its
corresponding DDR bit is set to a logic 1. A pin is configured as an input
if its corresponding DDR bit is cleared to a logic 0.
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7.8 I/O Port Programming
R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
I/O Port Programming
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R E Q U I R E D
Input/Output Ports
Table 7-3. Port C I/O Functions
DDRC
I/O Pin Mode
Accesses
to DDRA
@ $0006
Accesses
to Data Register
@ $0002
Read/Write
Read
Write
0
IN, Hi-Z
DDRC0–DDRC7
PC0–PC7
*
1
OUT
DDRC0–DDRC7
PC0–PC7
PC0–PC7
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A G R E E M E N T
* Does not affect input, but stored to data register
Table 7-4. Port D I/O Functions
DDRD
I/O Pin Mode
Accesses
to DDRA
@ $0007
Accesses
to Data Register
@ $0003
Read/Write
Read
Write
0
IN, Hi-Z
DDRD6
PD6–PD7
*
1
OUT
DDRD6
PD6
PD6
* Does not affect input, but stored to data register
NOTE:
To avoid generating a glitch on an I/O port pin, data should be written to
the I/O port data register before writing a logical 1 to the corresponding
data direction register.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Input/Output Ports
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General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
Section 8. Analog Subsystem
8.1 Contents
8.3
Analog Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
8.3.1
Ratiometric Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
8.3.2
VREFH and VREFL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
8.3.3
Accuracy and Precision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
8.4
Conversion Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
8.5
Digital Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
8.5.1
Conversion Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
8.5.2
Multi-Channel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
8.5.3
Unused A/D Inputs as I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
8.6
A/D Status and Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
8.7
A/D Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
8.8
A/D During Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
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Analog Subsystem
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A G R E E M E N T
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
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8.2
R E Q U I R E D
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R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
8.2 Introduction
The MC68HC705MC4 includes a 6-channel, 8-bit, multiplexed input,
successive approximation analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, with six of
the inputs available on external pins and four additional internal
channels. Refer to Figure 8-1 for a block diagram of the analog
subsystem.
AD4
AD3
INPUT
MULTIPLEXER
AD2
COMPARATOR
AD1
AD0
CH3
CH2
CH1
CH0
DIGITALTO-ANALOG
CONVERTER
VREFH
VREFL
COCO
ADON
CONTROL
LOGIC
INTERNAL CLOCK
(XTAL ÷ 2)
ADRC
INTERNAL DATA BUS
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
AD5
INTERNAL
RC
OSCILLATOR
Figure 8-1. Analog Subsystem Block Diagram
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Analog Subsystem
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8.3.1 Ratiometric Conversion
The A/D is ratiometric, with two dedicated pins supplying the reference
voltages (VREFH and VREFL). An input voltage equal to VREFH converts
to $FF (full scale) and an input voltage equal to VREFL converts to $00.
An input voltage greater than VREFH will convert to $FF with no overflow
indication. For ratiometric conversions, the source of each analog input
should use VREFH as the supply voltage and be referenced to VREFL.
8.3.2 VREFH and VREFL
The reference supply for the converter uses two dedicated pins rather
than being driven by the system power supply lines because the voltage
drops in the bonding wires of those heavily loaded pins would degrade
the accuracy of the A/D conversion. VREFH and VREFL are internally
wired to the analog supply voltages AVDD and AVSS. These pins are
located next to each other to permit optimal decoupling.
8.3.3 Accuracy and Precision
The 8-bit conversions shall be accurate to within ± 11/2 LSB including
quantization.
8.4 Conversion Process
The A/D reference inputs are applied to a precision internal
digital-to-analog converter. Control logic drives this D/A and the analog
output is successively compared to the selected analog input that was
sampled at the beginning of the conversion time. The conversion
process is monotonic and has no missing codes.
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Analog Subsystem
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A G R E E M E N T
The following subsections describe the analog section of this
subsystem.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
8.3 Analog Section
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
Analog Section
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
8.5 Digital Section
The following subsections describe the digital section of this subsystem.
8.5.1 Conversion Times
Each channel of conversion takes 32 clock cycles, which must be at a
frequency equal to or greater than 1 MHz. For applications in which the
bus speed is below 1 MHz, the A/D internal RC oscillator must be
enabled.
8.5.2 Multi-Channel Operation
In user mode, a multiplexer allows the single A/D converter to select one
of eight analog signals, two of which are VREFH and VREFL. The eight
pins of port C are input signals to the multiplexer.
8.5.3 Unused A/D Inputs as I/O
When the A/D system is enabled, two pins, VREFH (PC6) and VREFL
(PC7), are automatically assumed to have their dedicated functions. The
channel select bits define which port C pin will be used as the analog in
pin and overrides any control from the port C I/O logic by forcing that pin
as the input to the analog circuitry. The port C pins that are not selected
by the channel select bits [CH3:0], are controlled by the port C I/O logic,
and thus can be used as general-purpose I/O. Writes to port C will not
have any effect on the selected channel.
NOTE:
The DDR bits corresponding to an A/D channel used by the application
must be cleared. For example, AD2 shares a pin with PC2, so the
DDRC2 bit must be cleared (unless this is the only channel the A/D ever
selects). This is to ensure that the port output value held in the port C
data register is not driven out of the pin when the A/D has selected
another channel for conversion.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Analog Subsystem
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8.6 A/D Status and Control Register
The following paragraphs describe the function of the A/D status and
control register.
Address:
$0025
Bit 7
5
ADRC
ADON
0
0
COCO
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
CH3
CH2
CH1
CH0
0
0
0
0
0
Reset:
0
0
= Unimplemented
Figure 8-2. A/D Status and Control Register (ADSCR)
COCO — Conversions Complete
This read-only status bit is set when a conversion is completed,
indicating that the A/D data register contains valid results. This bit is
cleared whenever the A/D status and control register is written and a
new conversion is automatically started or whenever the A/D data
register is read. Once a conversion has been started by writing to the
A/D status and control register, conversions of the selected channel
will continue every 32 cycles until the A/D status and control register
is written again. In this continuous conversion mode, the A/D data
register will be filled with new data and the COCO bit set every 32
cycles. Data from the previous conversion will be overwritten
regardless of the state of the COCO bit prior to writing.
ADRC — A/D RC Oscillator Control
When the RC oscillator is selected (ADRC = 1) to be the A/D clock
source, it requires a time, tADRC, to stabilize. Results can be
inaccurate during this time. If the CPU clock is running below 1 Mhz,
the RC oscillator must be used.
When ADRC = 0, the A/D uses the CPU clock.
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A G R E E M E N T
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6
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
A/D Status and Control Register
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
ADON — A/D On
When the A/D is turned on (ADON = 1), it requires a time tADON for
the current sources to stabilize, and results can be inaccurate during
this time. This bit turns on the charge pump. If the ADRC is set,
clearing this bit disables the RC oscillator to save power.
CH3:CH0 — Channel Select Bits
CH3, CH2, CH1, and CH0 form a 4-bit field, which is used to select
one of eight A/D channels. Channels 0–5 correspond to port C input
pins on the MCU. Channels 8-a are used for internal reference points.
In user mode, channel b is reserved and converts to $00. Table 8-1
shows the signals selected by the channel select field.
Using a port C pin as both an analog and digital input simultaneously
is prohibited to prevent excess power dissipation. When the A/D is
enabled (ADON = 1) and one of the channels 0-5 is selected, the
corresponding port C pin will appear as a logic 0 to a digital read. The
remaining port C pins (0-5) will read normally. To digitally read all
eight port C pins simultaneously, the A/D must be disabled
(ADON = 0).
Table 8-1. A/D Channel Assignments
Channel
Signal
0
AD0 Port C Bit 0
1
AD1 Port C Bit 1
2
AD2 Port C Bit 2
3
AD3 Port C Bit 3
4
AD4 Port C Bit 4
5
AD5 Port C Bit 5
6
Unused
7
Unused
8
VREFH
9
VREFL
a
(VREFH + VREFL)/2
b–f
VREFL
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8.7 A/D Data Register
One 8-bit result register is provided. This register is updated each time
COCO is set. Reset has no effect on this register.
Address:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 8-3. A/D Converter Data Register (ADDR)
8.8 A/D During Wait Mode
The A/D continues normal operation during wait mode. To decrease
power consumption during wait, it is recommended that both the ADON
and ADRC bits in the A/D status and control register be cleared if the A/D
converter is not being used. If the A/D converter is in use and the system
clock rate is above 1.0 MHz, it is recommended that the ADRC bit be
cleared.
A G R E E M E N T
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Read:
$0024
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
A/D Data Register
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Analog Subsystem
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Analog Subsystem
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9.1 Contents
9.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
9.3
Timer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
9.4
Output Compare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
9.5
Input Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
9.6
Timer Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
9.7
Timer Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
9.8
Timer Operation during Wait/Halt Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
9.2 Introduction
The MC68HC705MC4 MCU contains a single 16-bit programmable
timer with two input capture functions or one input capture function and
an output compare function. The 16-bit timer is driven by the output of a
fixed divide-by-four prescaler operating from the internal clock. The
16-bit timer may be used for many applications including input waveform
measurement while simultaneously generating an output waveform.
Pulse widths can vary from microseconds to seconds depending on the
oscillator frequency selected. The 16-bit timer is also capable of
generating periodic interrupts. See Figure 9-1.
Because the timer has a 16-bit architecture, each function is represented
by two registers. Each register pair contains the high and low byte of that
function. Generally, accessing the low byte of a specific timer function
allows full control of that function; however, an access of the high byte
inhibits that specific timer function until the low byte is also accessed.
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16-Bit Timer
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 9. 16-Bit Timer
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
NOTE:
The I bit in the condition code register (CCR) should be set while
manipulating both the high and low byte registers of a specific timer
function. This prevents interrupts from occurring between the time that
the high and low bytes are accessed.
9.3 Timer
The key element of the programmable timer is a 16-bit free-running
counter or timer registers, preceded by a prescaler which divides the
internal clock by four. The prescaler gives the timer a resolution of 1.33
microseconds when a 6 MHz (3 MHz internal bus) crystal is used. The
counter is incremented to increasing values during the low portion of the
internal clock cycle.
NOTE:
Four internal bus cycles must be completed before subsequent access
of TMRH and ACRH. This ensures the timer count has released the
TMRH and ACRH buffers.
The double byte free-running counter can be read from either of two
locations: the timer registers (TMRH, TMRL) or the alternate counter
registers (ACRH, ACRL). Both locations will contain identical values. A
read sequence containing only a read of the LSB of the counter
(TMRL/ACRL) will return the count value at the time of the read. If a read
of the counter accesses the MSB first (TMRH/ACRH) it causes the LSB
(TMRL/ACRL) to be transferred to a buffer. This buffer value remains
fixed after the first MSB byte read even if the MSB is read several times.
The buffer is accessed when reading the counter LSB (TMRL/ACRL),
and thus completes a read sequence of the total counter value. When
reading either the timer or alternate counter registers, if the MSB is read,
the LSB must also be read to complete the read sequence. See Figure
9-2 and Figure 9-3.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
16-Bit Timer
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R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Timer
INTERNAL HC05 BUS
OUTPUT COMPARE
OR
INPUT CAPTURE 1
INPUT
CAPTURE 2
BUFFER
>
ICR1/OCR CONTROL LOGIC
>
ICRH2:ICRL2
16
ICRH1:ICRL1
OCRH:OCRL
FREE-RUNNING
COUNTER
COMPARE
DETECTOR
OVERFLOW
DETECTOR
EDGE
DETECTOR
EDGE
DETECTOR
TCAP2
MUX
A
Y
D
Q
B
>
A G R E E M E N T
INTERNAL BUS
CLOCK
TCMP/TCAP1
R
TIMER
STATUS
REGISTER
OCF
TOF
ICF1
RESET
ICF2
TIMER INTERRUPT
INTERRUPT GENERATOR
TIMER
CONTROL
REGISTER
ICIE2
ICIE1
TOIE
OCIE
TCMP/
IEDG1 IEDG2
TCAP1
OLVL
Figure 9-1. 16-Bit Timer Block Diagram
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16-Bit Timer
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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TMRH/ACRH:TMRL/ACRL
÷4
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Address:
Read:
$0020
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Read:
$0021
Write:
Reset:
= Unimplemented
Figure 9-2. Timer Registers (TMRH/TMRL)
Address:
Read:
$0022
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Read:
$0023
Write:
Reset:
= Unimplemented
Figure 9-3. Alternate Counter Registers (ACRH/ACRL)
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
16-Bit Timer
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INTERNAL
BUS CLOCK

 T00


 T01

TIMER 
CLOCKS 
 T10


 T11

16-BIT
COUNTER
$FFFF
$0000
$0001
$0002
OVERFLOW
FLAG (TOF)
NOTE:
The TOF bit is set at timer state T11 (transition of counter from $FFFF to $0000). It is cleared by reading the timer status register (TSR) during the high portion of the internal clock followed by reading the
LSB of the counter register pair (TMRL).
Figure 9-4. State Timing Diagram for Timer Overflow
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The free-running counter is initialized to $FFFC during reset and is a
read-only register.
A G R E E M E N T
The timer registers and alternate counter registers can be read at any
time without affecting their values. However, the alternate counter
registers differ from the timer registers in one respect: a read of the timer
register LSB can clear the timer overflow flag (TOF). Therefore, the
alternate counter registers can be read at any time without the possibility
of missing timer overflow interrupts due to clearing of the TOF. See
Figure 9-4.
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Timer
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
9.4 Output Compare
The output compare function may be used to generate an output
waveform and/or as an elapsed time indicator. If the TCMP/TCAP1 bit of
the TCR is set, output to the port pin is enabled. All of the bits in the
output compare register pair OCRH/OCRL are readable and writeable
and are not altered by the 16-bit timer’s control logic. Reset does not
affect the contents of these registers. See Figure 9-5.
Address:
$001D
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Unaffected by Reset
$001E
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 9-5. Output Compare Registers (OCRH/OCRL)
The contents of the output compare registers are compared with the
contents of the free-running counter once every four internal clock
cycles. If a match is found, the output compare flag bit (OCF) is set and
the output level bit (OLVL) is clocked to the output latch. The values in
the output compare registers and output level bit should be changed
after each successful comparison to control an output waveform, or to
establish a new elapsed time-out. An interrupt can also accompany a
successful output compare if the output compare interrupt enable bit
(OCIE) is set.
After a CPU write cycle to the MSB of the output compare register pair
(OCRH), the output compare function is inhibited until the LSB (OCRL)
is written. Both bytes must be written if the MSB is written. A write made
only to the LSB will not inhibit the compare function. The free-running
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NOTE:
The input capture 1 and the output compare functions share the same
data register and are, therefore, mutually exclusive. For example, the
output compare function is not available (including interrupts) when input
capture 1 is enabled.
Since neither the output compare flag (OCF) nor the output compare
registers are affected by reset, care must be exercised when initializing
the output compare function. The following procedure is recommended:
1. Block interrupts by setting the I bit in the condition code register
(CCR).
2. Write the MSB of the output compare register pair (OCRH) to
inhibit further compares until the LSB is written.
3. Read the timer status register (TSR) to arm the output compare
flag (OCF).
4. Write the LSB of the output compare register pair (OCRL) to
enable the output compare function and to clear its flag OCF (and
interrupt).
5. Unblock interrupts by clearing the I bit in the CCR.
This procedure prevents the output compare flag bit (OCF) from being
set between the time it is read and the time the output compare registers
are updated. A software example is shown in Figure 9-6.
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A G R E E M E N T
The output compare output level bit (OLVL) will be clocked to its output
latch regardless of the state of the output compare flag bit (OCF). A valid
output compare must occur before the OLVL bit is clocked to its output
latch (TCMP).
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
counter increments every four internal clock cycles. The minimum time
required to update the output compare registers is a function of software
rather than hardware.
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Output Compare
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
9B
.
.
B6
BE
B7
B6
BF
.
.
9A
.
.
XX
XX
1D
18
1E
.
.
SEI
.
.
LDA
LDX
STA
LDA
STX
.
.
CLI
.
.
DATAH
DATAL
OCRH
TSR
OCRL
.
.
BLOCK INTERRUPTS
.
.
HI BYTE FOR COMPARE
LO BYTE FOR COMPARE
INHIBIT OUTPUT COMPARE
ARM OCF BIT TO CLEAR
READY FOR NEXT COMPARE
.
.
UNBLOCK INTERRUPTS
Figure 9-6. Output Compare Software Initialization Example
INTERNAL
BUS CLOCK

 T00


 T01

TIMER 
CLOCKS 
 T10


 T11

16-BIT
COUNTER
OUTPUT COMPARE
REGISTERS
$FFEB
$FFEC
$FFED
CPU WRITES $FFED
$FFEE
$FFEF
$FFED
COMPARE
REGISTER LATCH
OUTPUT COMPARE
FLAG AND PIN
NOTES:
1. A write to the output compare registers may occur at any time, but a compare only occurs at
timer state T01. Therefore, the compare may follow the write by up to four cycles.
2. The output compare flag is set at the timer state T11 that follows the comparison latch.
Figure 9-7. State Timing Diagram for Output Compare
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
16-Bit Timer
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Address:
Read:
$001B
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Read:
Unaffected by Reset
$001C
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 9-8. Input Capture Registers (ICRH1/ICRL1)
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16-Bit Timer
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Registers are used to latch the value of the free-running counter after a
defined transition is sensed by the input capture edge detector (Note:
The input capture edge detector contains a Schmitt trigger to improve
noise immunity.) The edge that triggers the counter transfer is defined
by each input edge bit (IEDG1, IEDG2) in register TCR. Dynamically
changing from Capture to Compare function will not affect the contents
of the registers. All of the bits in the Input Capture register pair ICRH /
ICRL are readable and are not altered by the 16-bit timer’s control logic.
Writes have no effect. Reset does not affect the contents of these
registers. See Figure 9-8 and Figure 9-9.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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9.5 Input Capture
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Input Capture
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Address:
Read:
$0019
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 15
BIT 14
BIT 13
BIT 12
BIT 11
BIT 10
BIT 9
BIT 8
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Read:
Unaffected by Reset
$001A
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 9-9. Input Capture Registers (ICRH2/ICRL2)
The result obtained by an input capture will be one more than the value
of the free-running counter on the rising edge of the internal clock
preceding the external transition (see Figure 9-10). This delay is
required for internal synchronization. Resolution is affected by the
prescaler, allowing the free-running counter to increment once every
four internal clock cycles.
The contents of the free-running counter are transferred to the input
capture registers on each proper signal transition regardless of the state
of the respective input capture flag bit (ICF1, ICF2) in register TSR, the
respective flag will be set. The input capture registers always contain the
free-running counter value, which corresponds to the most recent input
capture. An interrupt can also accompany a successful input capture if
the respective input capture interrupt enable bit (ICIE) is set.
When the TCMP/TCAP1 bit of TCR is set, input capture function for
TCAP1 is inhibited.
After a read of the MSB of the input capture register pair (ICRH1,
ICRH2), counter transfers are inhibited until the respective LSB of the
register pair (ICRL1, ICRL2) is also read. This characteristic forces the
minimum pulse period attainable to be determined by the time required
to execute an input capture software routine in an application.
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16-Bit Timer
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Reading the LSB of the input capture register pair (ICRL1, ICRL2) does
not inhibit transfer of the free-running counter. Again, minimum pulse
periods are ones that allow software to read the LSB of the register pair
(ICRL1, ICRL2) and perform needed operations. There is no conflict
between reading the LSB (ICRL1, ICRL2) and the free-running counter
transfer since they occur on opposite edges of the internal clock.
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Input Capture
16-BIT
COUNTER $FFEB
$FFEC
$FFED
$FFEE
$FFEF
INPUT CAPTURE
EDGE
INPUT CAPTURE
LATCH
INPUT CAPTURE
REGISTER
PREVIOUSLY CAPTURED VALUE
$FFED
INPUT CAPTURE
FLAG
NOTE:
If the input capture edge occurs in the shaded area between T10 states, then the input capture
flag becomes set during the next T11 state.
Figure 9-10. State Timing Diagram for Input Capture
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16-Bit Timer
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A G R E E M E N T

 T00


 T01

TIMER 
CLOCKS 
 T10


 T11

N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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INTERNAL
BUS CLOCK
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R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
9.6 Timer Control Register
The timer control (TCR) and free-running counter (TMRH, TMRL,
ACRH, ACRL) registers are the only registers of the 16-bit timer affected
by reset. The output compare port (TCMP) is forced low after reset and
remains low until OLVL is set and a valid output compare occurs.
Address:
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0017
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
ICIE2
ICIE1
TOIE
OCIE
TCMP/
TCAP1
IEDG1
IEDG2
OLVL
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
0
= Unimplemented
U= Unaffected
Figure 9-11. Timer Control Register (TCR)
ICIE2 — Input Capture Interrupt Enable 2
Bit 7, when set, enables input capture 2 interrupts to the CPU. The
interrupt will occur at the same time bit 7 (ICF2) in the TSR register is
set.
ICIE1 — Input Capture Interrupt Enable 1
Bit 6, when set, enables input capture 1 interrupts to the CPU if and
only if the TCMP/TCAP1 bit (bit 3) is cleared. The interrupt will occur
at the same time bit 6 (ICF1) in the TSR register is set. If the
TCMP/TCAP1 bit is set, the input capture 1 interrupt is disabled,
regardless of the state of the ICIE1 bit.
TOIE — Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
Bit 5, when set, enables timer overflow (rollover) interrupts to the
CPU. The interrupt will occur at the same time bit 5 (TOF) in the TSR
register is set.
OCIE — Output Compare Interrupt Enable
Bit 4, when set, enables output compare interrupts to the CPU if and
only if the TCMP/TCAP1 bit (bit 3) is set. The interrupt will occur at the
same time bit 4 (OCF) in the TSR register is set. If the TCMP/TCAP1
bit is cleared, the output compare interrupt is disabled, regardless of
the state of the OCIE bit.
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16-Bit Timer
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NOTE:
The input capture 1 and the output compare functions share the same
data register and are, therefore, mutually exclusive. For example, the
output compare function is not available (including interrupts) when input
capture 1 is enabled.
IEDG1 — Input Capture Edge Select 1
Bit 2 selects which edge of the input capture signal will trigger a
transfer of the contents of the free-running counter registers to the
input capture registers (ICRH1, ICRL1). Clearing this bit will select the
falling edge, setting it selects the rising edge.
IEDG2 — Input Capture Edge Select 2
Bit 1 selects which edge of the input capture signal will trigger a
transfer of the contents of the free-running counter registers to the
input capture registers (ICRH2, ICRL2). Clearing this bit will select the
falling edge, setting it selects the rising edge.
OLVL — Output compare Output level Select
Bit 0 selects the output level (high or low) that is clocked into the
output compare output latch at the next successful output compare.
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16-Bit Timer
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A G R E E M E N T
Bit 3, when set, enables the TCMP function, when clear, the TCAP1
function. Reset clears this bit. When set it enables the TCMP output
latch value to be output to the port pin and disables the edge detect
of TCAP1. When clear, it disables the TCMP output latch from the port
pin and enables the edge detect of TCAP1. Note that this bit has no
effect on the setting of OCF and ICF1.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
TCMP/TCAP1
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Timer Control Register
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
9.7 Timer Status Register
Reading the timer status register (TSR) satisfies the first condition
required to clear status flags and interrupts. The only remaining step is
to read (or write) the register associated with the active status flag
(and/or interrupt). This method does not present any problems for input
capture or output compare functions.
However, a problem can occur when using a timer interrupt function and
reading the free-running counter at random times to, for example,
measure an elapsed time. If the proper precautions are not designed into
the application software, a timer overflow flag (TOF) could
unintentionally be cleared if:
1. The TSR is read when bit 5 (TOF) is set, and
2. The LSB of the free-running counter is read, but not for the
purpose of servicing the flag or interrupt.
The alternate counter registers (ACRH, ACRL) contain the same values
as the timer registers (TMRH, TMRL). Registers ACRH and ACRL can
be read at any time without affecting the timer overflow flag (TOF) or
interrupt.
Address:
Read:
$0018
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
ICF2
ICF1
TOF
OCF
0
0
0
0
U
U
U
U
0
0
0
0
Write:
Reset:
= Unimplemented
U = Unaffected
Figure 9-12. Timer Status Register (TSR)
ICF2 — Input Capture 1 Flag
Bit 7 is set when the edge specified by IEDG2 in register TCR has
been sensed by the input capture edge detector fed by pin TCAP2.
This flag, and the input capture interrupt, can be cleared by reading
register TSR followed by reading the LSB of the input capture register
pair (ICRL2).
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16-Bit Timer
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TOF — Timer Overflow Flag
Bit 5 is set by a rollover of the free-running counter from $FFFF to
$0000. This flag, and the timer overflow interrupt, can be cleared by
reading register TSR followed by reading the LSB of the timer register
pair (TMRL).
OCF — Output Compare Flag
Bit 4 is set when the contents of the output compare registers match
the contents of the free-running counter. This flag, and the output
compare interrupt, can be cleared by reading register TSR followed
by writing the LSB of the output compare register pair (OCRL).
9.8 Timer Operation during Wait/Halt Modes
During wait mode, the 16-bit timer continues to operate normally and
may generate an interrupt to trigger the MCU out of the wait mode.
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16-Bit Timer
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A G R E E M E N T
Bit 6 is set when the edge specified by IEDG1 in register TCR has
been sensed by the input capture edge detector fed by pin TCAP1.
This flag, and the input capture interrupt, can be cleared by reading
register TSR followed by reading the LSB of the input capture register
pair (ICRL1).
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
ICF1 — Input Capture 1 Flag
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
Timer Operation during Wait/Halt Modes
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
16-Bit Timer
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
16-Bit Timer
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10.1 Contents
10.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
10.3
PWM Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
10.4 PWM Control Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
10.4.1
Control Register A and Control Register B . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
10.4.2
RATE Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
10.4.3
UPDATE Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
10.5
PWM Data Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
10.6
PWM during Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
10.7 PWM Operation in User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
10.7.1
Interlock Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
10.7.2
Operation with the Same PWM Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
10.7.3
Operation with Different PWM Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
10.8
PWM during Wait Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9 Application Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9.1
Brushed DC Motor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
10.9.2
Brushless DC Motor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
General Release Specification
Pulse Width Modulator
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 10. Pulse Width Modulator
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
10.2 Introduction
The pulse width modulator (PWM) subsystem has two 8-bit channels
(PWMA and PWMB). The PWM has a programmable prescaler, divide
by 1.5 added to the initial prescaler, polarity, and mux enable with
channel masking for motor control applications. The PWM is capable of
generating signals from 0% to 100% duty cycle. A $00 in either PWM
data register yields an OFF output (0%) with the polarity control bit set
to one for that channel (for example, PWMA or PWMB), but a $FF yields
a duty of 255/256. To achieve the 100% duty (ON output), the polarity
control bit is set to zero for that channel (for example, PWMA or PWMB)
while the data register has $00.
NOTE:
The symbol 'x’ is used in this section to indicate either channel A or
channel B. For example, PWMx refers to either PWMA or PWMB.
10.3 PWM Registers
The PWM subsystem is controlled through four control registers: CTL-A,
CTL-B, RATE, and UPDATE. CTL-A, CTL-B, and the data registers
feature a write interlock and buffer mechanism to permit their contents
to be updated simultaneously, preventing undesirable glitching of the
associated port A output. The CTL-A and CTL-B registers contain bits to
control the PWM subsystem outputs on PA1–PA6 (PWM, logic 0 or logic
1) and PWM polarity bits.
The PWM subsystem control and data registers are all buffered, as
shown in Figure 10-2. Each register consists of an active register, which
contains the data used by the PWM subsystem, and a buffer register,
which contains the data most recently written to the register address.
Writes to the buffer registers are transferred to the active registers at the
end of the PWM period if the respective bit in the UPDATE register is set
to 0. If it is set to 1, the transfer will occur immediately. In addition, when
the respective update bit is clear, a predefined sequence of register
accesses may also need to be completed before the new contents of
these registers are transferred. This sequence of accesses is referred to
as a register interlock mechanism and is intended to allow more than
one register to be modified before effecting the PWM operation. The
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Pulse Width Modulator
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R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Registers
.
POL A
MEA
MUX &
PORT
LOGIC
PA1/PWMA1
PA3/PWMA2
PA5/PWMA3
TO ENABLE
RA[2:0]
÷ 1.5
8-BIT COUNTER
CIRCUIT
÷ 1.5
CIRCUIT
RB[2:0]
8-BIT COUNTER
TO
ENABLE
PA2/PWMB1
PA6/PWMB3
POL B
MEB
BUFFER
PWM DATA B
PA4/PWMB2
MUX &
PORT
LOGIC
MODULUS &
COMPARATOR B
MSKB[2:0]
CLOCK CONTROL
RB[3]
CSB[3:1]
OSC1
(6 MHz)
CLOCK
GENERATOR
PWM CONTROL REGISTER B
Figure 10-1. PWM Block Diagram
data register interlock mechanism is managed by mapping each data
register to an interlock address (PWMx-I) and a direct address
(PWMx-D). Writes to the interlock address will engage the interlock
mechanism. Writes to the direct address will not engage the interlock
mechanism unless it is already engaged prior to the write. A write to the
direct address will therefore take immediate effect (if the corresponding
update bit is set) or at the end of the current PWM cycle (if the
corresponding update bit is cleared).
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Pulse Width Modulator
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A G R E E M E N T
MODULUS &
COMPARATOR A
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
CSA[3:1]
PWM DATA A
CLOCK CONTROL
RA[3]
RATE REGISTER
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HC05 DATA BUS
BUFFER
MSKA[2:0]
PWM CONTROL REGISTER A
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
The RATE register selects the PWM counter input clock rate, defining
the PWM period. This register is buffered but not interlocked with other
registers. Therefore, writes to the RATE register will become effective
immediately (if the corresponding update bit has been set) or at the end
of the current PWM period (if the corresponding update bit has been
cleared), irrespective of the state of any interlock mechanism.
WRITE
WRITE
WRITE
WRITE
$14
$15
$16
$10
$11
CTL-A (BUFFER)
CTL-B (BUFFER)
CTL-A EFFECTIVE)
CTL-B (EFFECTIVE)
RATE (BUFFER)
RATE (EFFECTIVE)
WRITE
$12
$13
DATA-A (BUFFER)
DATA-B(BUFFER)
DATA-A (EFFECTIVE)
DATA-B (EFFECTIVE)
READ
READ
READ
READ
READ
$14
$15
$16
$10
$11
$12
$13
ALL WRITES WRITE TO THE BUFFER REGISTERS
TRANSFER ENABLES AT END OF PWMA PERIOD*
ALL READS READ FROM THE EFFECTIVE REGISTERS
TRANSFER ENABLES AT END OF PWMB PERIOD*
*Subject to satisfying interlock conditions and the state of the corresponding UPDATE bit
Figure 10-2. PWM Register Structure
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Pulse Width Modulator
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The following control registers direct the function of the PWM
subsystem.
•
Control register A (CTL-A)
•
Control register B (CTL-B)
•
Rate register (RATE)
•
Update register (UPDATE)
10.4.1 Control Register A and Control Register B
Control register A directs PWM channel A which can drive PA1, PA3,
and PA5. Control register B directs PWM channel B which can drive
PA2, PA4, and PA6. As the function of CTL-A and CTL-B are identical
except for the channel name. The descriptions below apply to both, and
the channel is referred to as 'x’.
Address:
$0014
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
MEA
POLA
MSKA3
MSKA2
MSKA1
CSA3
CSA2
CSA1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Figure 10-3. PWM Control-A Register (CTL-A)
Address:
$0015
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
MEB
POLB
MSKB3
MSKB2
MSKB1
CSB3
CSB2
CSB1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Figure 10-4. PWM Control-B Register (CTL-B)
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Pulse Width Modulator
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
10.4 PWM Control Registers
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Control Registers
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
Mask Enable (MEx)
When set, MEx enables the output mask feature of the PWMx
subsystem. When enabled, all three pins of a channel will be used for
subsystem output, that is the port registers will have no effect. All
unselected pins (pins that have their corresponding CSx bit clear) will
output the corresponding value of the MSKx bit. All selected pins (pins
that have their corresponding CSx bit set) will output the PWM
waveform. See Table 10-1.
The mask feature allows the user to drive any of the PWM subsystem
ports (PA1–PA6) to a logic 1 or logic 0 synchronous with the register
interlock timing. All PWM outputs can therefore be modified
simultaneously to either drive PWM, logic 1, or logic 0 signals.
When MEx is clear, output mask feature is disabled and the port will
function as a normal I/O port if the CSx bit is cleared. This feature
allows some of the ports to be freed up for normal I/O when not used
for PWM output. If the corresponding CSx bit is set, the selected
channel will output the PWM waveform.
Polarity (POLx)
The polarity bit initializes the PWM output to a logic 1 or logic 0 at the
start of each PWM cycle. See Figure 10-5 and Figure 10-6.
1 = Initialize output to one. Toggles to zero at data PWMx match.
0 = Initialize output to zero. Toggles to one at data PWMx match.
T
50
FF
80
PWM DATA REGISTER VALUE
PWM DATA REGISTER = $00
Figure 10-5. PWM Waveforms (POLx = 1)
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Pulse Width Modulator
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50
FF
PWM DATA REGISTER VALUE
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80
PWM DATA REGISTER = $00
Figure 10-6. PWM Waveforms (POLx = 0)
Mask (MSKx[3:1])
When MEx is set, the MSKx bits establish mask values for pins that
are not selected by CSx. A mask value of 1 drives unselected PWM
subsystem pins high. A mask value of 0 drives unselected PWM
subsystem pins low. When MEx is clear, the mask bits have no effect.
If the mask feature is enabled (MEx =1), the mask bits also provide an
alternative method of generating 0% or 100% values. The
conventional method generates 100% duty cycle by inverting the
output polarity and simultaneously clearing the PWM data bits.
See Figure 10-7, Table 10-1, and Figure 10-8 for schematic, truth
table, and example waveform view for the PWM subsystem
multiplexer.
Channel Select (CSx[3:1])
These bits select which pin or pins will receive the PWM waveform
output. Channel select has higher priority than mask enable. When
CSx[y] is set, the pin is selected and the PWMx output waveform will
be sent to the port logic. When CSx[y] is clear, the output will depend
on the MEx bit and the corresponding port register bit. See Figure
10-7, Table 10-1, and Figure 10-8 for schematic, truth table, and
example waveform view for the PWM subsystem multiplexer.
General Release Specification
Pulse Width Modulator
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
T
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Control Registers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PORT DATA REGISTER
ME. CS. DDR
PWM OUTPUT
PORT
OUTPUT
LOGIC
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
CS
MSK
ME. CS
Figure 10-7. PWM Output MUX Logic
Table 10-1. PWM Output MUX Truth Table for PWMA1
MEA
MSKA1
CSA1
DDRA1
Port A1 Function
0
X
0
0
Digital Input
0
X
0
1
Digital Output
1
0
0
X
Drive Low
1
1
0
X
Drive High
X
X
1
X
PWMA
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001
010
011
100
101
xxx
xxx
0xx
x11
x0x
ME
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PWM1
PWM OUTPUT
PORT
PORT
PWM OUTPUT
PWM2
PORT
PWM3
PORT
PWM OUTPUT
PWM OUTPUT
LOGIC 0
LOGIC 1
LOGIC 1
PWM OUTPUT
PWM OUTPUT
LOGIC 0
PWM OUTPUT
X = DON’T CARE
Figure 10-8. PWM Control Example
Refer to Table 10-2 for information on mapping the PWM channels to
Port A.
Table 10-2. Mapping of PWM Channels to Port A
PWM
Pin
Associated
PWM Control Bits
Corresponding
Port A I/O
A1
MSKA1 : CSA1 : DDRA1
PA1
A2
MSKA2 : CSA2 : DDRA3
PA3
A3
MSKA3 : CSA3 : DDRA5
PA5
B1
MSKB1 : CSB1 : DDRA2
PA2
B2
MSKB2 : CSB2 : DDRA4
PA4
B3
MSKB3 : CSB3 : DDRA6
PA6
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Pulse Width Modulator
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A G R E E M E N T
MSK[3:1]
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
CS[3:1]
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Control Registers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
10.4.2 RATE Register
The RATE register, shown in Figure 10-9, selects the 8-bit PWM
counter input clock. The PWM output rate select bits (Rx[3:0]) for each
channel allow for 16 different PWM duty cycles.
Address:
$0016
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
RA3
RA2
RA1
RA0
RB3
RB2
RB1
RB0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Figure 10-9. PWM Rate Register (RATE)
The PWM output rate select register selects the 8-bit PWM counter input
clock. Table 10-3 provides a rate selection table for a 6-MHz crystal.
Table 10-3. PWM Rate Select Table for 6-MHz Crystal
Rx[3:0]
PWM Output Cycle
0
23.4 kHz
1
11.7 kHz
2
5.86 kHz
3
2.93 kHz
4
1.46 kHz
5
732 Hz
6
366 Hz
7
183 Hz
8
15.6 kHz
9
7.8 kHz
A
3.9 kHz
B
1.95 kHz
C
975 Hz
D
488 Hz
E
244 Hz
F
122 Hz
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Address:
$0027
Bit 7
Read: UPDATE
A
Write:
Reset:
0
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
UPDATE
B
0
= Unimplemented
Figure 10-10. PWM Update Register (UPDATE)
If the register interlock is satisfied and the corresponding update bit is
clear, the PWM registers are updated at the end of the current PWM
cycle. If the register interlock is satisfied and the corresponding update
bit is set the PWM registers are updated immediately. Figure 10-11
shows the different timing cases of applying the update condition and its
affects on PWM output.
After a RESET or subsequent to re-enabling the PWM channels, it is
necessary for the user to write to the data registers RATE, CTL-B (if
PWMB is used), and CTL-A (in that order) before writing to the UPDATE
register. Writing to the UPDATE register before turning on PWMA or
PWMB (writing to CTL-A or CTL-B) may disable the PWM.
After disabling a PWM channel, the corresponding UPDATE bit must be
cleared before enabling the channel again. After clearing the
corresponding UPDATE bit, the sequence of writing to the RATE,
CTL-B, CTL-A, and then setting the corresponding UPDATE bit must be
followed before re-enabling the PWM channels.
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A G R E E M E N T
Some applications cannot always wait until the end of the PWM cycle in
process before new control or data values take effect (for example,
during fault conditions). The UPDATEx bits provide a mechanism to
override the register interlock for these situations. The UPDATE register
is shown in Figure 10-10.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
10.4.3 UPDATE Register
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Control Registers
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R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
CYCLE 1
CASE 1 — DC1 > T > DC2
CYCLE 2
CYCLE 3
CYCLE 4
DC1
CYCLE 5
DC2
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
T
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
CASE 2 — DC2 > T > DC1
DC2
DC1
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
Figure 10-11. State Timing Diagram for PWM UPDATE Generator (Sheet 1 of 3)
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CYCLE 1
CASE 3 — T > DC2 > DC1
CYCLE 2
CYCLE 3
DC1
CYCLE 4
CYCLE 5
DC2
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
A G R E E M E N T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
CASE 4 — T > DC1 > DC2
DC2
DC1
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
Figure 10-11. State Timing Diagram for PWM UPDATE Generator (Sheet 2 of 3)
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T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Control Registers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
CYCLE 1
CYCLE 2
CYCLE 3
CASE 5 — DC2 > DC1 >T
CYCLE 4
CYCLE 5
DC2
DC1
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
CASE 6 — DC1 > DC2 > T
DC1
DC2
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
UPDATE: CLEARED
DUTY CYCLE 1
DUTY CYCLE 2
UPDATE SET/
INTERLOCK SATISFIED
T
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 0
DC1 POL = 0
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 1
DC1 POL = 1
DC2 POL = 0
Figure 10-11. State Timing Diagram for PWM UPDATE Generator (Sheet 3 of 3)
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The PWMA and PWMB data registers have been mapped to two
different addresses: the direct address and the interlock address. The
PWMA-D direct address is $10 and the PWMA-I interlock address is
$11. The PWMB-D direct address is $12 and the PWMB-I interlock
address is $13. A read from either the direct or the interlock address will
read the PWM active register. A write to either address will write to the
PWM buffer register.
Address:
$0010
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 10-12. PWMA-D Data Register (PWMA-D)
Address:
$0011
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 10-13. PWMA-I Data Register (PWMA-I)
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The pulse width of the PWM waveform is controlled by the two data
registers PWMA and PWMB. Each data register can be accessed from
one of two locations, PWMx-D (direct) and PWMx-I (interlock). A write
interlock and buffer mechanism is used to permit their contents to be
updated simultaneously, preventing undesirable glitching of the
associated port A I/O. See 10.7 PWM Operation in User Mode.
A G R E E M E N T
10.5 PWM Data Registers
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Data Registers
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
Address:
$0012
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 10-14. PWMB-D Data Register (PWMB-D)
Address:
$0013
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 10-15. PWMB-I Data Register (PWMB-I)
10.6 PWM during Resets
The PWM subsystem has two types of resets. One is a hardware reset
denoted by RESET. The other is a PWM reset denoted by PRESET.
After a RESET, the user should write to the data registers RATE, CTL-B,
then CTL-A (in that order). This will avoid an erroneous duty cycle from
being driven on any of the selected PWM port pins.
To save power, a PRESET condition is possible by clearing the MEB bit
and the CSB[3:1] bits in CTL-B, then the MEA bit and the CSA[3:1] bits
in CTL-A. This disables the PWM subsystem, resets the 8-bit counters,
resets the clock generator, and sets the port pins to the state defined by
the respective port data registers and data direction registers. PRESET
preserves the value of the PWMx-D registers written to them before the
PRESET condition. Activating the PWM after a PRESET will commence
operation of these preserved values.
The data registers are unaffected by RESET. The CTL-x registers are
cleared by RESET.
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10.7.1 Interlock Operation
All PWM registers are buffered. The register buffering prevents data
written to either the control or data registers from affecting the PWM
cycle under way at the time of the data write. The interlock mechanism
extends this principle to multiple registers by preventing data written to
groups of data and/or control registers from affecting the PWM
configuration currently active until all writes are complete. There are
several interlock options from which the user can pick depending upon
the change of function desired. The register interlock mechanism
operation is shown in Figure 10-16.
Writing to a PWMx interlock address will activate a data/control interlock
mechanism with the corresponding CTL-x register. Under such a
condition, the new value written to the PWM interlock data register will
not be effective until the end of the current PWM cycle during which a
write to the corresponding control register was executed.
A typical application for such a mechanism is to generate 100% duty
cycle when not using the PWM output mask feature (MEx = 0).
Synchronized changes to both data and control registers are, therefore,
necessary to avoid PWM glitches. 100% duty cycle can be generated by
clearing PWMx-I, then toggling the state of the POLx bit in the
corresponding CTL-x register. Any new data written to either register will
become effective at the end of the current PWM cycle during which the
write to CTL-x took place.
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A G R E E M E N T
The following subsections describe the PWM operation in user mode.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
10.7 PWM Operation in User Mode
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Operation in User Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
RA ≠ RB
RA = RB
CTL-B
CTL-A
PWMB-D
PWMB-I
PWMx-D
CTL-B
PWMA-D
PWMA-I
CTL-A
PWMA-I
CTL-A
CTL-x
PWMA-I
PWMB-I
CTL-A
CTL-B
PWMA-D
= Interlocks satisfied; active registers
will be updated at the end of the current
PWM cycle
X = Either channel A or channel B register
Figure 10-16. PWM Interlock Mechanisms
Writing to the direct address will not activate the interlock mechanism
with the control register. The new value will be updated at the end of the
current PWM cycle if the update bit is clear. The new value will be
updated immediately if the update bit is set.
NOTE:
In either case above (write to interlock or direct addresses), the
additional interlock mechanism that interlocks channel A and channel B
together may preempt the transfer of the new data to the active registers.
See 10.7.2 Operation with the Same PWM Rates for more detail.
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A write to either PWMB data register must be followed by a write to either
PWMA data register. Any new data written will become effective at the
end of the current PWM cycle during which the write to PWMA took place
as shown in Figure 10-16. The interlocking between the data registers
is disabled when the channels have different periods.
A write to CTL-B control register must be followed by a write to the
CTL-A control register. Any new data written to either register will
become effective at the end of the current PWM cycle during which the
write to CTL-A took place. The interlocking between the control registers
is disabled when the channels have different periods.
Writing to the PWMx-I interlock address will also activate the interlock
mechanism with the CTL-x register as described in 10.7.1 Interlock
Operation. The two interlocking mechanisms, channel A/channel B and
data/control, may be in effect at the same time.
Example 1
Writing to PWMB-I ($13) will require a write to CTL-B ($15) to satisfy
the data/control interlock. In addition, if RA = RB, the write to either
PWMB data register will require a write to either PWMA data register,
and the write to CTL-B control register will require a write to CTL-A
register to satisfy the channel A/channel B interlock. The new
contents of all these registers will be transferred into their respective
active registers at the end of the current PWM cycle during which all
invoked interlock mechanisms become satisfied if the UPDATE A and
UPDATE B bits are clear. For either channel, if the corresponding
update bit is set, the transfer for that channel will occur immediately
after the interlock mechanism is satisfied.
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If RA equals RB, channel A and channel B are assumed to be operating
together in a synchronous fashion and are interlocked. This interlock
mechanism is in addition to the buffering and the PWM data/control
interlock described in 10.7.1 Interlock Operation.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
10.7.2 Operation with the Same PWM Rates
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM Operation in User Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
Example 2
A write to PWMB-D ($12) will not invoke the data/control interlock.
However, if RA = RB, the write to either PWMB data register will
require a write to either PWMA data register to satisfy the channel
A/channel B interlock. Note that if a write was made to the PWMA
interlock data register, the channel A/channel B interlock would still be
satisfied but the data/control interlock will now be invoked for channel
A. A write to CTL-A control register is now necessary to satisfy the
channel A data/control interlock. Assuming UPDATE A and
UPDATE B are clear in the UPDATE register, the new contents of all
these registers will be transferred into their respective active registers
at the end of the current PWM cycle during which all invoked interlock
mechanisms become satisfied.
10.7.3 Operation with Different PWM Rates
If RA does not equal RB, channel A and channel B are assumed to be
operating independently of each other and are not interlocked. New data
values written to either PWM channel will occur as discussed in 10.7.1
Interlock Operation.
Interlocking between the channels only applies when both channels
have the same period (RA = RB). The RATE register is not interlocked
with any other registers but it is buffered. Changes to this register will
affect the PWM cycle subsequent to the write. Consequently, changing
the PWM period while generating a PWM signal will not cause erroneous
PWM operation (for example, glitches). Note that the RATE register is
treated as two separate 4-bit registers, each buffered with the
corresponding PWM channel cycle.
NOTE:
Changing the channels from having different periods to having the same
period may cause a phase difference between the channels due to
accumulated clock period difference. If synchronization is needed
between channel A and channel B, a PRESET cycle must be executed
to provide correct operation of the channel A/B interlock mechanism.
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The following examples demonstrate PWM configuration options to
drive brushed DC and permanent magnet brushless motors. The
schematic diagrams are simplified for clarity.
10.9.1 Brushed DC Motor Interface
The basic interface for a single brushed DC motor is shown below.
B+
Q4
PA7
PA3
+
PWMA
A
–
PA5
Q3
LEVEL SHIFTERS
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10.9 Application Examples
PA1
— MASK FEATURE DISABLED
— PA1, PA3 DRIVE PWM, OR LOGIC 0
— PA5 AND PA7 OUTPUT PORTS, LOGIC 1 OR 0
T
Q2
Q1
0V
INPUT
CAPTURE
PD6
Figure 10-17. Brushed DC Motor Interface
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A G R E E M E N T
The PWM continues normal operation during wait mode. To decrease
power consumption during wait, it is recommended that the PWM
subsystem be put into the PRESET state.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
10.8 PWM during Wait Mode
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
PWM during Wait Mode
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
Table 10-4. Brushed DC Motor Truth Table
Function
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Forward
Off
PWM
Off
On
Reverse
PWM
Off
On
Off
Stop
Off
Off
Off
Off
PWM channel A is configured such that the PWM signal may be directed
to either PA1 (CSA1 = 1) or PA3 (CSA2 = 1). When not driving the PWM
signal, these ports should drive a logic 0 (MEA = 1, MSKA1 = 0,
CSA1 = 0, MSKA2 = 0, CSA2 = 0). PA5 drives either a logic 0 (MEA = 1,
MSKA3 = 0, CSA3 = 0) or logic 1 (MEA = 1, MSKA3 = 1, CSA3 = 0).
PA7 is configured as an output port (DDRA7 = 1). The software
moderates the PWM output pulse width based on speed feedback data
obtained from a tachometer or other such device. The tachometer
typically would drive an input capture, providing data to the MCU from
which velocity and acceleration information can be derived. The system
could be modified to provide positional data for servo applications. The
motor direction is determined by the current direction through it. Forward
rotation requires Q4 (PA7) and Q2 (PA3) enabled. Reverse rotation
requires Q3 (PA5) and Q1 (PA1) enabled.
The truth table shown in Table 10-4 defines the H-bridge drive
requirements for the motor from which the software would select based
upon other system inputs.
The MC68HC705MC4 can be configured to drive two motors using both
PWM channels.
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A G R E E M E N T
A typical interface for a three-phase brushless DC motor is shown in
Figure 10-18, although many other configurations are possible. The
rotor sensor usually consists of a Hall effect sensor, optical encoder, or
back-EMF detector. The coil current feedback is shown to be linear in
this example, using the on-chip A/D to provide torque data to the MCU.
Other systems may only require a current limit, which could be achieved
with an interrupt pin (which will offer some hysteresis) and an external
amplifier. With some reorganization of the I/O, it is also possible to
configure the device to drive two brushless motors simultaneously.
However, this will double the load on the processor. Depending upon the
complexity of the control algorithms adopted, and considering that the
commutation must be performed with software, care must be taken to
maintain commutation delays to within acceptable limits. The
commutation would follow the sequence shown in Table 10-5.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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10.9.2 Brushless DC Motor Interface
R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
Application Examples
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R E Q U I R E D
Pulse Width Modulator
B+
PA6
PA2
PA5
PA3
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A G R E E M E N T
PWMA
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
LEVEL SHIFTERS
PA4
RSENSE
PA1
0V
A
AD0
CURRENT/TORQUE
FEEDBACK
A
C
B
PB7
PB6
PB5
ROTOR POSITION
SENSOR
3-PHASE
BRUSHLESS
DC MOTOR
Figure 10-18. 3-Phase Brushless DC Motor Interface
Table 10-5. Brushless DC Motor Commutation Sequence
Motor Phase
0
1
2
3
4
5
Phase A Top
Phase A Bottom
Off
PWM
Off
PWM
Off
Off
On
Off
On
Off
Off
Off
Phase B Top
Phase B Bottom
On
Off
Off
Off
Off
PWM
Off
PWM
Off
Off
On
Off
Phase C Top
Phase C Bottom
Off
Off
On
Off
On
Off
Off
Off
Off
PWM
Off
PWM
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11.1 Contents
11.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
11.3
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
11.4
SCI Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5 SCI Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.1
Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.2
Character Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
11.5.1.3
Break Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
11.5.1.4
Idle Characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
11.5.1.5
Transmitter Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
11.5.2
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
11.5.2.1
Character Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.2
Character Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.3
Receiver Wakeup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126
11.5.2.4
Receiver Noise Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.5.2.5
Framing Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.5.2.6
Receiver Interrupts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
11.6 SCI I/O Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
11.6.1
SCI Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
11.6.2
SCI Control Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
11.6.3
SCI Control Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130
11.6.4
SCI Status Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
11.6.5
Baud Rate Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
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Serial Communications Interface
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 11. Serial Communications Interface
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
11.2 Introduction
The serial communications interface (SCI) module allows high-speed
asynchronous communication with peripheral devices and other MCUs.
11.3 Features
Features of the SCI module include:
•
Standard Mark/Space Nonreturn-to-Zero Format
•
Full Duplex Operation
•
32 Programmable Baud Rates
•
Programmable 8-Bit or 9-Bit Character Length
•
Separately Enabled Transmitter and Receiver
•
Two Receiver Wakeup Methods:
– Idle Line Wakeup
– Address Mark Wakeup
•
Interrupt-Driven Operation Capability with Five Interrupt Flags:
– Transmitter Data Register Empty
– Transmission Complete
– Receiver Data Register Full
– Receiver Overrun
– Idle Receiver Input
•
Receiver Framing Error Detection
•
1/16 Bit-Time Noise Detection
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8-BIT DATA FORMAT
BIT M IN SCCR1 CLEAR
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START
BIT
BIT 0
BIT 1
BIT 2
BIT 3
BIT 4
BIT 5
BIT 6
BIT 7
STOP
BIT
NEXT
START
BIT
BIT 8
STOP
BIT
9-BIT DATA FORMAT
BIT M IN SCCR1 SET
START
BIT
BIT 0
BIT 1
BIT 2
BIT 3
BIT 4
BIT 5
BIT 6
BIT 7
NEXT
START
BIT
Figure 11-1. SCI Data Format
11.5 SCI Operation
The SCI allows full-duplex, asynchronous, RS232 or RS422 serial
communication between the MCU and remote devices, including other
MCUs. The transmitter and receiver of the SCI operate independently,
although they use the same baud-rate generator. The following
paragraphs describe the operation of the SCI transmitter and receiver.
11.5.1 Transmitter
Figure 11-2 shows the structure of the SCI transmitter.
11.5.1.1 Character Length
The transmitter can accommodate either 8-bit or 9-bit data. The state of
the M bit in SCI control register 1 (SCCR1) determines character length.
When transmitting 9-bit data, bit T8 in SCCR1 is the ninth bit (bit 8).
11.5.1.2 Character Transmission
During transmission, the transmit shift register shifts a character out to
the PB4/TDO pin. At this time, the SCI data register (SCDR) is the
write-only buffer between the internal data bus and the transmit shift
register.
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The SCI uses the standard nonreturn-to-zero mark/space data format
illustrated in Figure 11-1.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
11.4 SCI Data Format
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
SCI Data Format
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R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
INTERNAL DATA BUS
SCDR ($000E)
TRANSMIT SHIFT REGISTER
1X
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
H 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 L
PB4/
TDO
DDR1
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
BREAK (ALL LOGIC 0s)
PREAMBLE (ALL LOGIC 1s)
SHIFT ENABLE
T8
LOAD FROM SCDR
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A G R E E M E N T
M
SBK
TRANSMITTER
CONTROL LOGIC
TE
TDRE
TIE
TC
TCIE
SCI
INTERRUPT
REQUEST
SCI
RECEIVE
REQUESTS
7
BAUD RATE REGISTER (BAUD)
SCI CONTROL REGISTER 1 (SCCR1) R8
SCI CONTROL REGISTER 2 (SCCR2) TIE
SCI STATUS REGISTER (SCSR) TDRE
SCI DATA REGISTER (SCDR) BIT 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SCP1
T8
TCIE
TC
BIT 6
SCP0
SCR2 SCR1 SCR0 $000A
M
WAKE
$000B
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU SBK $000C
RDRF IDLE
OR
NF
FE
0
$000D
BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 $000E
Figure 11-2. SCI Transmitter
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When the shift register is not transmitting a character, the PB4/TDO
(transmit data out) pin goes to the idle condition, logic 1. If software
clears the TE bit during the idle condition and while TDRE is set, the
transmitter relinquishes control of the PB4/TDO pin (acting as a
three-stated input port pin).
11.5.1.3 Break Characters
Writing a logic 1 to the SBK bit in SCCR2 loads the shift register with a
break character. A break character contains all logic 0s and has no start
and stop bits. Break character length depends on the M bit in SCCR1.
As long as SBK is at logic 1, transmitter logic continuously loads break
characters into the shift register. After software clears the SBK bit, the
shift register finishes transmitting the last break character and then
transmits at least one logic 1. The automatic logic 1 at the end of a break
character is to guarantee the recognition of the start bit of the next
character.
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When the data in the SCDR transfers to the transmit shift register, the
transmit data register empty (TDRE) flag in the SCI status register
(SCSR) becomes set. The TDRE flag indicates that the SCDR can
accept new data from the internal data bus.
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Writing a logic 1 to the TE bit in SCI control register 2 (SCCR2), and then
writing data to the SCDR, begins the transmission. At the start of a
transmission, transmitter control logic automatically loads the transmit
shift register with a preamble of logic 1s. After the preamble shifts out,
the control logic transfers the SCDR data into the shift register. A logic 0
start bit automatically goes into the least significant bit position of the
shift register, and a logic 1 stop bit goes into the most significant bit
position.
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
SCI Operation
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
11.5.1.4 Idle Characters
An idle character contains all logic 1s and has no start or stop bits. Idle
character length depends on the M bit in SCCR1. The preamble is a
synchronizing idle character that begins every transmission.
Clearing the TE bit during a transmission relinquishes the PB4/TDO pin
after the last character to be transmitted is shifted out. The last character
may already be in the shift register, or waiting in the SCDR, or a break
character generated by writing to the SBK bit. Toggling TE from logic 0
to logic 1 while the last character is in transmission generates an idle
character (a preamble) that allows the receiver to maintain control of the
PB4/TDO pin.
11.5.1.5 Transmitter Interrupts
All SCI interrupt sources share the same interrupt vector at address
$0FF2. The following sources can generate SCI transmitter interrupt
requests:
•
Transmit Data Register Empty (TDRE) — The TDRE bit in the
SCSR indicates that the SCDR has transferred a character to the
transmit shift register. TDRE is a source of SCI interrupt requests.
The transmission interrupt enable bit (TIE) in SCCR2 is the local
mask for TDRE interrupts.
•
Transmission Complete (TC) — The TC bit in the SCSR indicates
that both the transmit shift register and the SCDR are empty and
that no break or idle character has been generated. TC is a source
of SCI interrupt requests. The transmission complete interrupt
enable bit (TCIE) in SCCR2 is the local mask for TC interrupts.
11.5.2 Receiver
Figure 11-3 shows the structure of the SCI receiver.
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R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
SCI Operation
INTERNAL DATA BUS
SCDR ($000E)
A G R E E M E N T
NF
MSB
DDR
STOP
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
IDLE
DATA
RECOVERY
OVERRUN
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
FULL
FE
R8
RE
M
RDRF
SCI
INTERRUPT
REQUEST
RIE
OR
SCI
TRANSMIT
REQUESTS
RIE
IDLE
ILIE
WAKEUP
LOGIC
RWU
7
BAUD RATE REGISTER (BAUD)
SCI CONTROL REGISTER 1 (SCCR1)
R8
SCI CONTROL REGISTER 2 (SCCR2) TIE
SCI STATUS REGISTER (SCSR) TDRE
SCI DATA REGISTER (SCDR) BIT 7
6
T8
TCIE
TC
BIT 6
5
SCP1
RIE
RDRF
BIT 5
4
SCP0
M
ILIE
IDLE
BIT 4
3
WAKE
TE
OR
BIT 3
2
SCR2
1
SCR1
0
SCR0
RE
NF
BIT 2
RWU
FE
BIT 1
SBK
0
BIT 0
$000A
$000B
$000C
$000D
$000E
Figure 11-3. SCI Receiver
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PB5/
RDI
÷ 16
START
RECEIVE SHIFT REGISTER
16X
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
11.5.2.1 Character Length
The receiver can accommodate either 8-bit or 9-bit data. The state of the
M bit in SCI control register 1 (SCCR1) determines character length.
When receiving 9-bit data, bit R8 in SCCR1 is the ninth bit (bit 8).
11.5.2.2 Character Reception
During reception, the receive shift register shifts characters in from the
PB5/RDI (receive data input) pin. The SCI data register (SCDR) is the
read-only buffer between the internal data bus and the receive shift
register.
After a complete character shifts into the receive shift register, the data
portion of the character is transferred to the SCDR, setting the receive
data register full (RDRF) flag. The RDRF flag can be used to generate
an interrupt.
11.5.2.3 Receiver Wakeup
So that the MCU can ignore transmissions intended only for other
receivers in multiple-receiver systems, the MCU can be put into a
standby state. Setting the receiver wakeup enable (RWU) bit in SCI
control register 2 (SCCR2) puts the MCU into a standby state during
which receiver interrupts are disabled.
Either of two conditions on the PB5/RDI pin can bring the MCU out of the
standby state:
•
Idle input line condition — If the PB5/RDI pin is at logic 1 long
enough for 10 or 11 logic 1s to shift into the receive shift register,
receiver interrupts are again enabled.
•
Address mark — If a logic 1 occurs in the most significant bit
position of a received character, receiver interrupts are again
enabled.
The state of the WAKE bit in SCCR1 determines which of the two
conditions wakes up the MCU.
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11.5.2.5 Framing Errors
If the data recovery logic does not detect a logic 1 where the stop bit
should be in an incoming character, it sets the framing error (FE) bit in
the SCSR. The FE bit is set at the same time that the RDRF bit is set.
11.5.2.6 Receiver Interrupts
All SCI interrupt sources share the same interrupt vector at address
$0FF2. The following sources can generate SCI receiver interrupt
requests:
•
Receive Data Register Full (RDRF) — The RDRF bit in the SCSR
indicates that the receive shift register has transferred a character
to the SCDR.
•
Receiver Overrun (OR) — The OR bit in the SCSR indicates that
the receive shift register shifted in a new character before the
previous character was read from the SCDR.
•
Idle Input (IDLE) — The IDLE bit in the SCSR indicates that 10 or
11 consecutive logic 1s shifted in from the PD5/RDI pin.
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A G R E E M E N T
The data recovery logic samples each bit 16 times to identify and verify
the start bit and to detect noise. Any conflict between noise-detection
samples sets the noise flag (NF) in the SCSR. The NF bit is set at the
same time that the RDRF bit is set.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
11.5.2.4 Receiver Noise Immunity
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Serial Communications Interface
SCI Operation
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
11.6 SCI I/O Registers
The following I/O registers control and monitor SCI operation:
•
SCI Data Register (SCDR)
•
SCI Control Register 1 (SCCR1)
•
SCI Control Register 2 (SCCR2)
•
SCI Status Register (SCSR)
11.6.1 SCI Data Register
The SCI data register is the buffer for characters received and for
characters transmitted.
Address:
$000E
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
BIT 7
BIT 6
BIT 5
BIT 4
BIT 3
BIT 2
BIT 1
BIT 0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
Figure 11-4. SCI Data Register (SCDR)
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SCI control register 1 has the following functions:
•
Stores ninth SCI data bit received and ninth SCI data bit
transmitted
•
Controls SCI character length
•
Controls SCI wakeup method
Address:
$000B
Bit 7
Read:
Write:
6
R8
5
4
3
M
WAKE
0
2
1
Bit 0
0
0
0
T8
Reset:
Unaffected by Reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 11-5. SCI Control Register 1 (SCCR1)
R8 — Bit 8 (Received)
When the SCI is receiving 9-bit characters, R8 is the ninth bit of the
received character. R8 receives the ninth bit at the same time that the
SCDR receives the other eight bits. Reset has no effect on the R8 bit.
T8 — Bit 8 (Transmitted)
When the SCI is transmitting 9-bit characters, T8 is the ninth bit of the
transmitted character. T8 is loaded into the transmit shift register at
the same time that SCDR is loaded into the transmit shift register.
Reset has no effect on the T8 bit.
M — Character Length
This read/write bit determines whether SCI characters are eight bits
long or nine bits long. The ninth bit can be used as an extra stop bit,
as a receiver wakeup signal, or as a mark or space parity bit. Reset
has no effect on the M bit.
1 = 9-bit SCI characters
0 = 8-bit SCI characters
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11.6.2 SCI Control Register 1
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
SCI I/O Registers
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WAKE — Wakeup Bit
This read/write bit determines which condition wakes up the SCI: a
logic 1 (address mark) in the most significant bit position of a received
character or an idle condition of the PD5/RDI pin. Reset has no effect
on the WAKE bit.
1 = Address mark wakeup
0 = Idle line wakeup
11.6.3 SCI Control Register 2
SCI control register 2 has the following functions:
•
Enables the SCI receiver and SCI receiver interrupts
•
Enables the SCI transmitter and SCI transmitter interrupts
•
Enables SCI receiver idle interrupts
•
Enables SCI transmission complete interrupts
•
Enables SCI wakeup
•
Transmits SCI break characters
Address:
$000C
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU
SBK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Figure 11-6. SCI Control Register 2 (SCCR2)
TIE — Transmit Interrupt Enable
This read/write bit enables SCI interrupt requests when the TDRE bit
becomes set. Reset clears the TIE bit.
1 = TDRE interrupt requests enabled
0 = TDRE interrupt requests disabled
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RIE — Receive Interrupt Enable
This read/write bit enables SCI interrupt requests when the RDRF bit
or the OR bit becomes set. Reset clears the RIE bit.
1 = RDRF interrupt requests enabled
0 = RDRF interrupt requests disabled
ILIE — Idle Line Interrupt Enable
This read/write bit enables SCI interrupt requests when the IDLE bit
becomes set. Reset clears the ILIE bit.
1 = IDLE interrupt requests enabled
0 = DLE interrupt requests disabled
TE — Transmit Enable
Setting this read/write bit begins the transmission by sending a
preamble of 10 or 11 logic 1s from the transmit shift register to the
PB4/TDO pin. Reset clears the TE bit.
1 = Transmission enabled
0 = Transmission disabled
RE — Receive Enable
Setting this read/write bit enables the receiver. Clearing the RE bit
disables the receiver and receiver interrupts but does not affect the
receiver interrupt flags. Reset clears the RE bit.
1 = Receiver enabled
0 = Receiver disabled
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This read/write bit enables SCI interrupt requests when the TC bit
becomes set. Reset clears the TCIE bit.
1 = TC interrupt requests enabled
0 = TC interrupt requests disabled
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
TCIE — Transmission Complete Interrupt Enable
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SCI I/O Registers
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RWU — Receiver Wakeup Enable
This read/write bit puts the receiver in a standby state. Typically, data
transmitted to the receiver clears the RWU bit and returns the receiver
to normal operation. The WAKE bit in SCCR1 determines whether an
idle input or an address mark brings the receiver out of the standby
state. Reset clears the RWU bit.
1 = Standby state
0 = Normal operation
SBK — Send Break
Setting this read/write bit continuously transmits break codes in the
form of 10-bit or 11-bit groups of logic 0s. Clearing the SBK bit stops
the break codes and transmits a logic 1 as a start bit. Reset clears the
SBK bit.
1 = Break codes being transmitted
0 = No break codes being transmitted
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•
Transfer of SCDR data to transmit shift register complete
•
Transmission complete
•
Transfer of receive shift register data to SCDR complete
•
Receiver input idle
•
Receiver overrun
•
Noisy data
•
Framing error
Address:
Read:
$000D
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TDRE
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
NF
FE
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
U
Write:
Reset:
= Unimplemented
U
= Unaffected
Figure 11-7. SCI Status Register (SCSR)
TDRE — Transmit Data Register Empty
This clearable, read-only bit is set when the data in the SCDR
transfers to the transmit shift register. TDRE generates an interrupt
request if the TIE bit in SCCR2 is also set. Clear the TDRE bit by
reading the SCSR with TDRE set, and then writing to the SCDR.
Reset sets the TDRE bit. Software must initialize the TDRE bit to logic
0 to avoid an instant interrupt request when turning on the transmitter.
1 = SCDR data transferred to transmit shift register
0 = SCDR data not transferred to transmit shift register
TC — Transmission Complete
This clearable, read-only bit is set when the TDRE bit is set, and no
data, preamble, or break character is being transmitted. TC generates
an interrupt request if the TCIE bit in SCCR2 is also set. Clear the TC
bit by reading the SCSR with TC set, and then writing to the SCDR.
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The SCI status register contains flags to signal the following conditions:
A G R E E M E N T
11.6.4 SCI Status Register
R E Q U I R E D
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SCI I/O Registers
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Reset sets the TC bit. Software must initialize the TC bit to logic 0 to
avoid an instant interrupt request when turning on the transmitter.
1 = No transmission in progress
0 = Transmission in progress
RDRF — Receive Data Register Full
This clearable, read-only bit is set when the data in the receive shift
register transfers to the SCI data register. RDRF generates an
interrupt request if the RIE bit in SCCR2 is also set. Clear the RDRF
bit by reading the SCSR with RDRF set, and then reading the SCDR.
Reset clears the RDRF bit.
1 = Received data available in SCDR
0 = Received data not available in SCDR
IDLE — Receiver Idle
This clearable, read-only bit is set when 10 or 11 consecutive logic 1s
appear on the receiver input. IDLE generates an interrupt request if
the ILIE bit in SCCR2 is also set. Clear the IDLE bit by reading the
SCSR with IDLE set, and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the
IDLE bit.
1 = Receiver input idle
0 = Receiver input not idle
OR — Receiver Overrun
This clearable, read-only bit is set if the SCDR is not read before the
receive shift register receives the next word. OR generates an
interrupt request if the RIE bit in SCCR2 is also set. The data in the
shift register is lost, but the data already in the SCDR is not affected.
Clear the OR bit by reading the SCSR with OR set, and then reading
the SCRD. Reset clears the OR bit.
1 = Receiver shift register full and RDRF = 1
0 = No receiver overrun
NF — Receiver Noise Flag
This clearable, read-only bit is set when noise is detected in data
received in the SCI data register. Clear the NF bit by reading the
SCSR, and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears the NF bit.
1 = Noise detected in SCDR
0 = No noise detected in SCDR
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11.6.5 Baud Rate Register
The baud rate register selects the baud rate for both the receiver and the
transmitter.
Address:
Read:
$000A
Bit 7
6
0
0
5
4
SCP1
SCP0
0
0
3
2
1
Bit 0
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
U
U
U
0
Write:
Reset:
U
U
= Unimplemented
U
U = Unaffected
Figure 11-8. Baud Rate Register (BAUD)
SCP1 and SCP0 — SCI Prescaler Select Bits
These read/write bits control prescaling of the baud rate generator
clock, as shown in Table 11-1. Resets clear both SCP1 and SCP0.
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This clearable, read-only flag is set when there is a logic 0 where a
stop bit should be in the character shifted into the receive shift
register. If the received word causes both a framing error and an
overrun error, the OR bit is set and the FE bit is not set. Clear the FE
bit by reading the SCSR, and then reading the SCDR. Reset clears
the FE bit.
1 = Framing error
0 = No framing error
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
FE — Receiver Framing Error
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Table 11-1. Baud Rate Generator Clock Prescaling
SCP[1:0]
Baud Rate Generator Clock
00
Internal Clock ÷ 1
01
Internal Clock ÷ 3
10
Internal Clock ÷ 4
11
Internal Clock ÷ 13
SCR2–SCR0 — SCI Baud Rate Select Bits
These read/write bits select the SCI baud rate, as shown in Table
11-2. Reset has no effect on the SCR2–SCR0 bits.
Table 11-2. Baud Rate Selection
SCR[2:1:0]
SCI Baud Rate (Baud)
000
Prescaled Clock ÷ 1
001
Prescaled Clock ÷ 2
010
Prescaled Clock ÷ 4
011
Prescaled Clock ÷ 8
100
Prescaled Clock ÷ 16
101
Prescaled Clock ÷ 32
110
Prescaled Clock ÷ 64
111
Prescaled Clock ÷ 128
Table 11-3 shows all possible SCI baud rates derived from crystal
frequencies of 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 4.194304 MHz, and 6 MHz.
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SCP[1:0]
SCR[2:1:0]
fOSC = 4 MHz
fOP = 2 MHz
fOSC = 4.194304 MHz
fOP = 2.097152 MHz
fOSC = 6 MHz
fOP = 3 MHz
00
000
125 kBaud
131.1 kBaud
187.5 kBaud
00
001
62.50 kBaud
65.54 kBaud
93.75 kBaud
00
010
31.25 kBaud
32.77 kBaud
46.89 kBaud
00
011
15.63 kBaud
16.38 kBaud
23.44 kBaud
00
100
7813 Baud
8192 Baud
11.72 kBaud
00
101
3906 Baud
4096 Baud
5859 Baud
00
110
1953 Baud
2048 Baud
2930 Baud
00
111
976.6 Baud
1024 Baud
1465 Baud
01
000
41.67 kBaud
43.69 kBaud
62.49 kBaud
01
001
20.83 kBaud
21.85 kBaud
31.26 kBaud
01
010
10.42 kBaud
10.92 kBaud
15.62 kBaud
01
011
5208 Baud
5461 Baud
7812 Baud
01
100
2604 Baud
2731 Baud
3906 Baud
01
101
1302 Baud
1365 Baud
1953 Baud
01
110
651.0 Baud
682.7 Baud
976.5 Baud
01
111
325.5 Baud
341.3 Baud
488.4 Baud
10
000
31.25 kBaud
32.77 kBaud
46.89 kBaud
10
001
15.63 kBaud
16.38 kBaud
23.44 kBaud
10
010
7813 Baud
8192 Baud
11.72 kBaud
10
011
3906 Baud
4906 Baud
5859 Baud
10
100
1953 Baud
2048 Baud
2930 Baud
10
101
976.6 Baud
1024 Baud
1465 Baud
10
110
488.3 Baud
512.0 Baud
732.3 Baud
10
111
244.1 Baud
256.0 Baud
366.3 Baud
11
000
9615 Baud
10.08 kBaud
14.42 kBaud
11
001
4808 Baud
5041 Baud
7212 Baud
11
010
2404 Baud
2521 Baud
3606 Baud
11
011
1202 Baud
1260 Baud
1803 Baud
11
100
601.0 Baud
630.2 Baud
901.5 Baud
11
101
300.5 Baud
315.1 Baud
450.6 Baud
11
110
150.2 Baud
157.5 Baud
225.4 Baud
11
111
75.12 Baud
78.77 Baud
112.7 Baud
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SCI Baud Rate
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Table 11-3. Baud Rate Selection Examples
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
SCI I/O Registers
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Serial Communications Interface
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12.1 Contents
12.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139
12.3
Ctimer Control and Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
12.4
Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog Reset . . . . .143
12.5
Ctimer Counter Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
12.6
Core Timer during Wait Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
12.2 Introduction
The core timer (Ctimer) for this device is a 15-stage multi-functional
ripple counter. The features include timer overflow, power-on reset
(POR), real time interrupt, and COP watchdog timer
As seen in Figure 12-1, the core timer is driven by the internal bus clock
divided by four as a fixed prescaler. This signal drives an 8-bit ripple
counter. The value of this 8-bit ripple counter can be read by the CPU at
any time by accessing the Ctimer counter register (CTCR) at address
$09. A timer overflow function is implemented on the last stage of this
counter, giving a possible interrupt at the rate of E/1024. Two additional
stages produce the POR function at E/4064. The timer counter bypass
circuitry (available only in test mode) is at this point in the timer chain.
This circuit is followed by one more stage, with the resulting clock
(E/8192) driving the real-time interrupt circuit. The RTI circuit consists of
four divider stages with a 1-of-4 selector. The output of the RTI circuit is
further divided by eight to drive the mask optional COP watchdog timer
circuit. The RTI rate selector bits and the RTI and CTOF enable bits and
flags are located in the Ctimer control and status register (CTCSR) at
location $08.
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Section 12. Core Timer
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R E Q U I R E D
Core Timer
INTERNAL BUS
8
8
COP
CLEAR
INTERNAL
PROCESSOR
CLOCK
fOP
$09 CORE TIMER COUNTER REGISTER (CTCR)
fOP/22
CTCR
÷4
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A G R E E M E N T
fOP/210
7-BIT COUNTER
POR
TCNT
RTI SELECT CIRCUIT
OVERFLOW
DETECT
CIRCUIT
$08 CTCSR
CTIMER CONTROL & STATUS REGISTER
CTCSR
CTOF
RTIF
CTOIE
RTIE
—
—
RT1
RT0
COP WATCHDOG
INTERRUPT CIRCUIT
TIMER (÷8)
TO INTERRUPT
LOGIC
TO RESET
LOGIC
Figure 12-1. Core Timer Block Diagram
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Read:
$0008
Bit 7
6
CTOF
RTIF
5
4
CTOIE
RTIE
0
0
3
2
0
0
1
Bit 0
RT1
RT0
1
1
Write:
Reset:
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
Figure 12-2. Core Timer Control and Status Register (CTCSR)
CTOF — Core Timer Overflow Flag
CTOF is a clearable, read-only status bit and is set when the 8-bit
ripple counter rolls over from $FF to $00. A CPU interrupt request will
be generated if CTOIE is set. Clearing the CTOF is done by writing a
0 to it. Writing a 1 to CTOF has no effect on the bit’s value. Reset
clears CTOF.
RTIF — Real-Time Interrupt Flag
The real-time interrupt circuit consists of a four stage divider and a
1-of-4 selector. The clock frequency that drives the RTI circuit is E/213
(or E/8192) with four additional divider stages giving a maximum
interrupt period of four seconds at a crystal frequency of 32.768 kHz.
RTIF is a clearable, read-only status bit and is set when the output of
the chosen (1-of-4 selection) stage goes active. A CPU interrupt
request will be generated if RTIE is set. Clearing the RTIF is done by
writing a 0 to it. Writing a 1 to RTIF has no effect on this bit. Reset
clears RTIF.
CTOIE — Core Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable
When this bit is set, a CPU interrupt request is generated when the
CTOF bit is set. Reset clears this bit.
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The CTCSR contains the timer interrupt flag, the timer interrupt enable
bits, and the real-time interrupt rate select bits. Figure 12-2 shows the
value of each bit in the CTCSR when coming out of reset.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
12.3 Ctimer Control and Status Register
R E Q U I R E D
Core Timer
Ctimer Control and Status Register
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Core Timer
RTIE — Real-Time Interrupt Enable
When this bit is set, a CPU interrupt request is generated when the
RTIF bit is set. Reset clears this bit.
RT1:RT0 — Real-Time Interrupt Rate Select
These two bits select 1-of-4 taps from the real-time interrupt circuit.
Table 12-1 shows the available interrupt rates with several fOP values.
Reset sets these RT0 and RT1, selecting the lowest periodic rate and
therefore the maximum time in which to alter these bits if necessary.
Care should be taken when altering RT0 and RT1 if the time-out
period is imminent or uncertain. If the selected tap is modified during
a cycle in which the counter is switching, an RTIF could be missed or
an additional one could be generated. To avoid problems, the COP
should be cleared before changing RTI taps.
Table 12-1. RTI Rates
RTI Rates at Bus Frequency of:
RT1:RT0
16.384 kHz
3.0 MHz
Divide Ratio
00
1 sec
5.5 ms
214
01
2 sec
10.9 ms
215
10
3 sec
21.8 ms
216
11
8 sec
43.75 ms
217
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Table 12-2. Minimum COP Reset Times
Minimum COP Reset at Bus Frequency:
RT1:RT0
16.384 kHz
3.0 MHz
fop
00
7 sec
38.2 ms
7 × (RTI Rate)
01
14 sec
76.5 ms
7 × (RTI Rate)
10
28 sec
153.0 ms
7 × (RTI Rate)
11
56 sec
305.9 ms
7 × (RTI Rate)
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The COP watchdog timer function is implemented on this device by
using the output of the RTI circuit and further dividing it by eight. The
minimum COP reset rates are listed in Table 12-2. If the COP circuit
times out, an internal reset is generated and the normal reset vector is
fetched. Preventing a COP timeout is done by writing a 0 to bit 0 of
address $0FF0. When the COP is cleared, only the final divide-by-eight
stage (output of the RTI) is cleared. This function is a mask option.
A G R E E M E N T
12.4 Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog Reset
R E Q U I R E D
Core Timer
Computer Operating Properly (COP) Watchdog Reset
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Core Timer
12.5 Ctimer Counter Register
The core timer counter register is a read-only register that contains the
current value of the 8-bit ripple counter at the beginning of the timer
chain. This counter is clocked at fop divided by 4 and can be used for
various functions including a software input capture. Extended time
periods can be attained using the CTOF function to increment a
temporary RAM storage location, thereby simulating a 16-bit (or more)
counter.
Address:
$0009
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
CTCR7
CTCR6
CTCR5
CTCR4
CTCR3
CTCR2
CTCR1
CTCR0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Figure 12-3. Core Timer Counter Register (CTCR)
The power-on cycle clears the entire counter chain and begins clocking
the counter. After 4064 cycles, the power-on reset circuit is released that
again clears the counter chain and allows the device to come out of
reset. At this point, if RESET is not asserted, the timer will start counting
up from zero and normal device operation will begin. When RESET is
asserted anytime during operation (other than POR), the counter chain
will be cleared.
12.6 Core Timer during Wait Mode
The CPU clock halts during wait mode, but the timer remains active. If
the interrupts are enabled, the timer interrupt will cause the processor to
exit wait mode.
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Section 13. Instruction Set
13.1 Contents
13.3 Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
13.3.1
Inherent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.2
Immediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.3
Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.4
Extended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
13.3.5
Indexed, No Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.6
Indexed, 8-Bit Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.7
Indexed,16-Bit Offset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148
13.3.8
Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
13.4 Instruction Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
13.4.1
Register/Memory Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150
13.4.2
Read-Modify-Write Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151
13.4.3
Jump/Branch Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
13.4.4
Bit Manipulation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
13.4.5
Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
13.5
Instruction Set Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156
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A G R E E M E N T
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146
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13.2
R E Q U I R E D
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
13.2 Introduction
The MCU instruction set has 62 instructions and uses eight addressing
modes. The instructions include all those of the M146805 CMOS Family
plus one more: the unsigned multiply (MUL) instruction. The MUL
instruction allows unsigned multiplication of the contents of the
accumulator (A) and the index register (X). The high-order product is
stored in the index register, and the low-order product is stored in the
accumulator.
13.3 Addressing Modes
The CPU uses eight addressing modes for flexibility in accessing data.
The addressing modes provide eight different ways for the CPU to find
the data required to execute an instruction. The eight addressing modes
are:
•
Inherent
•
Immediate
•
Direct
•
Extended
•
Indexed, no offset
•
Indexed, 8-bit offset
•
Indexed, 16-bit offset
•
Relative
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13.3.1 Inherent
Inherent instructions are those that have no operand, such as return
from interrupt (RTI) and stop (STOP). Some of the inherent instructions
act on data in the CPU registers, such as set carry flag (SEC) and
increment accumulator (INCA). Inherent instructions require no operand
address and are one byte long.
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Addressing Modes
13.3.3 Direct
Direct instructions can access any of the first 256 memory locations with
two bytes. The first byte is the opcode, and the second is the low byte of
the operand address. In direct addressing, the CPU automatically uses
$00 as the high byte of the operand address.
13.3.4 Extended
Extended instructions use three bytes and can access any address in
memory. The first byte is the opcode; the second and third bytes are the
high and low bytes of the operand address.
When using the Freescale assembler, the programmer does not need to
specify whether an instruction is direct or extended. The assembler
automatically selects the shortest form of the instruction.
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Immediate instructions are those that contain a value to be used in an
operation with the value in the accumulator or index register. Immediate
instructions require no operand address and are two bytes long. The
opcode is the first byte, and the immediate data value is the second byte.
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13.3.2 Immediate
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
13.3.5 Indexed, No Offset
Indexed instructions with no offset are 1-byte instructions that can
access data with variable addresses within the first 256 memory
locations. The index register contains the low byte of the effective
address of the operand. The CPU automatically uses $00 as the high
byte, so these instructions can address locations $0000–$00FF.
Indexed, no offset instructions are often used to move a pointer through
a table or to hold the address of a frequently used RAM or I/O location.
13.3.6 Indexed, 8-Bit Offset
Indexed, 8-bit offset instructions are 2-byte instructions that can access
data with variable addresses within the first 511 memory locations. The
CPU adds the unsigned byte in the index register to the unsigned byte
following the opcode. The sum is the effective address of the operand.
These instructions can access locations $0000–$01FE.
Indexed 8-bit offset instructions are useful for selecting the kth element
in an n-element table. The table can begin anywhere within the first 256
memory locations and could extend as far as location 510 ($01FE). The
k value is typically in the index register, and the address of the beginning
of the table is in the byte following the opcode.
13.3.7 Indexed,16-Bit Offset
Indexed, 16-bit offset instructions are 3-byte instructions that can access
data with variable addresses at any location in memory. The CPU adds
the unsigned byte in the index register to the two unsigned bytes
following the opcode. The sum is the effective address of the operand.
The first byte after the opcode is the high byte of the 16-bit offset; the
second byte is the low byte of the offset.
Indexed, 16-bit offset instructions are useful for selecting the kth element
in an n-element table anywhere in memory.
As with direct and extended addressing, the Freescale assembler
determines the shortest form of indexed addressing.
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When using the Freescale assembler, the programmer does not need to
calculate the offset, because the assembler determines the proper offset
and verifies that it is within the span of the branch.
13.4 Instruction Types
The MCU instructions fall into the following five categories:
•
Register/Memory Instructions
•
Read-Modify-Write Instructions
•
Jump/Branch Instructions
•
Bit Manipulation Instructions
•
Control Instructions
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Relative addressing is only for branch instructions. If the branch
condition is true, the CPU finds the effective branch destination by
adding the signed byte following the opcode to the contents of the
program counter. If the branch condition is not true, the CPU goes to the
next instruction. The offset is a signed, two’s complement byte that gives
a branching range of –128 to +127 bytes from the address of the next
location after the branch instruction.
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13.3.8 Relative
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Types
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R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
13.4.1 Register/Memory Instructions
These instructions operate on CPU registers and memory locations.
Most of them use two operands. One operand is in either the
accumulator or the index register. The CPU finds the other operand in
memory.
Table 13-1. Register/Memory Instructions
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A G R E E M E N T
Instruction
Mnemonic
Add Memory Byte and Carry Bit to Accumulator
ADC
Add Memory Byte to Accumulator
ADD
AND Memory Byte with Accumulator
AND
Bit Test Accumulator
BIT
Compare Accumulator
CMP
Compare Index Register with Memory Byte
CPX
EXCLUSIVE OR Accumulator with Memory Byte
EOR
Load Accumulator with Memory Byte
LDA
Load Index Register with Memory Byte
LDX
Multiply
MUL
OR Accumulator with Memory Byte
ORA
Subtract Memory Byte and Carry Bit from Accumulator
SBC
Store Accumulator in Memory
STA
Store Index Register in Memory
STX
Subtract Memory Byte from Accumulator
SUB
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13.4.2 Read-Modify-Write Instructions
These instructions read a memory location or a register, modify its
contents, and write the modified value back to the memory location or to
the register.
Do not use read-modify-write operations on write-only registers.
Table 13-2. Read-Modify-Write Instructions
Mnemonic
Arithmetic Shift Left (Same as LSL)
ASL
Arithmetic Shift Right
ASR
Bit Clear
BCLR(1)
Bit Set
BSET(1)
Clear Register
CLR
Complement (One’s Complement)
COM
Decrement
DEC
Increment
INC
Logical Shift Left (Same as ASL)
LSL
Logical Shift Right
LSR
Negate (Two’s Complement)
NEG
Rotate Left through Carry Bit
ROL
Rotate Right through Carry Bit
ROR
Test for Negative or Zero
TST(2)
1. Unlike other read-modify-write instructions, BCLR and
BSET use only direct addressing.
2. TST is an exception to the read-modify-write sequence because it does not write a replacement value.
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Instruction
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NOTE:
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Types
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13.4.3 Jump/Branch Instructions
Jump instructions allow the CPU to interrupt the normal sequence of the
program counter. The unconditional jump instruction (JMP) and the
jump-to-subroutine instruction (JSR) have no register operand. Branch
instructions allow the CPU to interrupt the normal sequence of the
program counter when a test condition is met. If the test condition is not
met, the branch is not performed.
The BRCLR and BRSET instructions cause a branch based on the state
of any readable bit in the first 256 memory locations. These 3-byte
instructions use a combination of direct addressing and relative
addressing. The direct address of the byte to be tested is in the byte
following the opcode. The third byte is the signed offset byte. The CPU
finds the effective branch destination by adding the third byte to the
program counter if the specified bit tests true. The bit to be tested and its
condition (set or clear) is part of the opcode. The span of branching is
from –128 to +127 from the address of the next location after the branch
instruction. The CPU also transfers the tested bit to the carry/borrow bit
of the condition code register.
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R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
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Mnemonic
Branch if Carry Bit Clear
BCC
Branch if Carry Bit Set
BCS
Branch if Equal
BEQ
Branch if Half-Carry Bit Clear
BHCC
Branch if Half-Carry Bit Set
BHCS
Branch if Higher
BHI
Branch if Higher or Same
BHS
Branch if IRQ Pin High
BIH
Branch if IRQ Pin Low
BIL
Branch if Lower
BLO
Branch if Lower or Same
BLS
Branch if Interrupt Mask Clear
BMC
Branch if Minus
BMI
Branch if Interrupt Mask Set
BMS
Branch if Not Equal
BNE
Branch if Plus
BPL
Branch Always
BRA
Branch if Bit Clear
Branch Never
Branch if Bit Set
BRCLR
BRN
BRSET
Branch to Subroutine
BSR
Unconditional Jump
JMP
Jump to Subroutine
JSR
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Instruction
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Table 13-3. Jump and Branch Instructions
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Types
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
13.4.4 Bit Manipulation Instructions
The CPU can set or clear any writable bit in the first 256 bytes of
memory, which includes I/O registers and on-chip RAM locations. The
CPU can also test and branch based on the state of any bit in any of the
first 256 memory locations.
Table 13-4. Bit Manipulation Instructions
Bit Clear
Mnemonic
BCLR
Branch if Bit Clear
BRCLR
Branch if Bit Set
BRSET
Bit Set
BSET
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
Instruction
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Instruction Set
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table 13-5. Control Instructions
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Instruction
Mnemonic
Clear Carry Bit
CLC
Clear Interrupt Mask
CLI
No Operation
NOP
Reset Stack Pointer
RSP
Return from Interrupt
RTI
Return from Subroutine
RTS
Set Carry Bit
SEC
Set Interrupt Mask
SEI
Stop Oscillator and Enable IRQ Pin
STOP
Software Interrupt
SWI
Transfer Accumulator to Index Register
TAX
Transfer Index Register to Accumulator
TXA
Stop CPU Clock and Enable Interrupts
WAIT
General Release Specification
Instruction Set
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A G R E E M E N T
These instructions act on CPU registers and control CPU operation
during program execution.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
13.4.5 Control Instructions
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Types
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
13.5 Instruction Set Summary
ADC #opr
ADC opr
ADC opr
ADC opr,X
ADC opr,X
ADC ,X
ADD #opr
ADD opr
ADD opr
ADD opr,X
ADD opr,X
ADD ,X
AND #opr
AND opr
AND opr
AND opr,X
AND opr,X
AND ,X
ASL opr
ASLA
ASLX
ASL opr,X
ASL ,X
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A9 ii
2
B9 dd 3
C9 hh ll 4
D9 ee ff 5
E9 ff
4
F9
3
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
AB ii
2
BB dd 3
CB hh ll 4
DB ee ff 5
EB ff
4
FB
3
↕ —
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A4 ii
2
B4 dd 3
C4 hh ll 4
D4 ee ff 5
E4 ff
4
F4
3
38
48
58
68
78
dd
↕
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
37
47
57
67
77
dd
Effect on
CCR
Description
H I N Z C
A ← (A) + (M) + (C)
Add with Carry
A ← (A) + (M)
Add without Carry
Arithmetic Shift Left (Same as LSL)
C
BCC rel
Branch if Carry Bit Clear
↕
↕
— — ↕
0
b7
Arithmetic Shift Right
↕ —
A ← (A) ∧ (M)
Logical AND
ASR opr
ASRA
ASRX
ASR opr,X
ASR ,X
↕ —
— — ↕
↕
↕
↕
b0
C
b7
— — ↕
↕
↕
b0
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C = 0
Mn ← 0
— — — — —
REL
ff
ff
Cycles
Operation
Opcode
Source
Form
Operand
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary
Address
Mode
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
5
3
3
6
5
5
3
3
6
5
24
rr
3
DIR (b0)
DIR (b1)
DIR (b2)
DIR (b3)
— — — — —
DIR (b4)
DIR (b5)
DIR (b6)
DIR (b7)
11
13
15
17
19
1B
1D
1F
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
— — — — —
25
rr
3
BCLR n opr
Clear Bit n
BCS rel
Branch if Carry Bit Set (Same as BLO)
BEQ rel
Branch if Equal
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? Z = 1
— — — — —
REL
27
rr
3
BHCC rel
Branch if Half-Carry Bit Clear
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? H = 0
— — — — —
REL
28
rr
3
BHCS rel
Branch if Half-Carry Bit Set
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? H = 1
— — — — —
REL
29
rr
3
BHI rel
Branch if Higher
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C ∨ Z = 0 — — — — —
REL
22
rr
3
BHS rel
Branch if Higher or Same
REL
24
rr
3
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C = 1
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C = 0
— — — — —
REL
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Instruction Set
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Operand
Cycles
Branch if IRQ Pin High
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 1
— — — — —
REL
2F
rr
3
BIL rel
Branch if IRQ Pin Low
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? IRQ = 0
— — — — —
REL
2E
rr
3
A5
B5
C5
D5
E5
F5
ii
dd
hh ll
ee ff
ff
2
3
4
5
4
3
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Operation
BIT #opr
BIT opr
BIT opr
BIT opr,X
BIT opr,X
BIT ,X
Bit Test Accumulator with Memory Byte
Description
(A) ∧ (M)
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C = 1
BLO rel
Branch if Lower (Same as BCS)
BLS rel
Branch if Lower or Same
BMC rel
Branch if Interrupt Mask Clear
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? I = 0
BMI rel
Branch if Minus
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? N = 1
BMS rel
Branch if Interrupt Mask Set
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? I = 1
BNE rel
Branch if Not Equal
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? Z = 0
BPL rel
Branch if Plus
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? N = 0
BRA rel
Branch Always
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? 1 = 1
BRCLR n opr rel Branch if Bit n Clear
BRN rel
Branch Never
BRSET n opr rel Branch if Bit n Set
BSET n opr
Set Bit n
Effect on
CCR
H I N Z C
— — ↕
↕ —
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
— — — — —
REL
25
rr
3
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? C ∨ Z = 1 — — — — —
REL
23
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
2C
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
2B
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
2D
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
26
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
2A
rr
3
— — — — —
REL
20
rr
3
DIR (b0)
DIR (b1)
DIR (b2)
DIR (b3)
— — — — ↕
DIR (b4)
DIR (b5)
DIR (b6)
DIR (b7)
01
03
05
07
09
0B
0D
0F
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
— — — — —
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? Mn = 0
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? 1 = 0
21
rr
3
PC ← (PC) + 2 + rel ? Mn = 1
DIR (b0)
DIR (b1)
DIR (b2)
DIR (b3)
— — — — ↕
DIR (b4)
DIR (b5)
DIR (b6)
DIR (b7)
REL
00
02
04
06
08
0A
0C
0E
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
dd rr
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Mn ← 1
DIR (b0)
DIR (b1)
DIR (b2)
DIR (b3)
— — — — —
DIR (b4)
DIR (b5)
DIR (b6)
DIR (b7)
10
12
14
16
18
1A
1C
1E
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
dd
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
PC ← (PC) + 2; push (PCL)
SP ← (SP) – 1; push (PCH)
SP ← (SP) – 1
PC ← (PC) + rel
— — — — —
REL
AD
rr
6
BSR rel
Branch to Subroutine
CLC
Clear Carry Bit
C←0
— — — — 0
INH
98
2
CLI
Clear Interrupt Mask
I←0
— 0 — — —
INH
9A
2
General Release Specification
Instruction Set
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A G R E E M E N T
Opcode
BIH rel
Source
Form
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Address
Mode
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Set Summary
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
CLR opr
CLRA
CLRX
CLR opr,X
CLR ,X
CMP #opr
CMP opr
CMP opr
CMP opr,X
CMP opr,X
CMP ,X
COM opr
COMA
COMX
COM opr,X
COM ,X
CPX #opr
CPX opr
CPX opr
CPX opr,X
CPX opr,X
CPX ,X
DEC opr
DECA
DECX
DEC opr,X
DEC ,X
EOR #opr
EOR opr
EOR opr
EOR opr,X
EOR opr,X
EOR ,X
INC opr
INCA
INCX
INC opr,X
INC ,X
JMP opr
JMP opr
JMP opr,X
JMP opr,X
JMP ,X
Description
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
3F
4F
5F
6F
7F
dd
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A1 ii
2
B1 dd 3
C1 hh ll 4
D1 ee ff 5
E1 ff
4
F1
3
1
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
33
43
53
63
73
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A3 ii
2
B3 dd 3
C3 hh ll 4
D3 ee ff 5
E3 ff
4
F3
3
↕ —
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
3A
4A
5A
6A
7A
↕ —
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A8 ii
2
B8 dd 3
C8 hh ll 4
D8 ee ff 5
E8 ff
4
F8
3
↕ —
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
3C
4C
5C
6C
7C
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
BC dd 2
CC hh ll 3
DC ee ff 4
EC ff
3
FC
2
Effect on
CCR
H I N Z C
M ← $00
A ← $00
X ← $00
M ← $00
M ← $00
Clear Byte
Compare Accumulator with Memory Byte
Complement Byte (One’s Complement)
Compare Index Register with Memory Byte
EXCLUSIVE OR Accumulator with Memory Byte
Unconditional Jump
M ← (M) = $FF – (M)
A ← (A) = $FF – (A)
X ← (X) = $FF – (X)
M ← (M) = $FF – (M)
M ← (M) = $FF – (M)
(X) – (M)
M ← (M) – 1
A ← (A) – 1
X ← (X) – 1
M ← (M) – 1
M ← (M) – 1
Decrement Byte
Increment Byte
(A) – (M)
A ← (A) ⊕ (M)
M ← (M) + 1
A ← (A) + 1
X ← (X) + 1
M ← (M) + 1
M ← (M) + 1
PC ← Jump Address
— — 0 1 —
— — ↕
— — ↕
— — ↕
— — ↕
— — ↕
— — ↕
↕
↕
↕
— — — — —
ff
dd
ff
dd
ff
dd
ff
Cycles
Operation
Operand
Source
Form
Opcode
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
Address
Mode
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
5
3
3
6
5
5
3
3
6
5
5
3
3
6
5
5
3
3
6
5
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Instruction Set
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LSL opr
LSLA
LSLX
LSL opr,X
LSL ,X
PC ← (PC) + n (n = 1, 2, or 3)
Push (PCL); SP ← (SP) – 1
Push (PCH); SP ← (SP) – 1
PC ← Effective Address
Jump to Subroutine
A ← (M)
Load Accumulator with Memory Byte
X ← (M)
Load Index Register with Memory Byte
Logical Shift Left (Same as ASL)
↕ —
A6 ii
2
B6 dd 3
C6 hh ll 4
D6 ee ff 5
E6 ff
4
F6
3
↕ —
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
AE ii
2
BE dd 3
CE hh ll 4
DE ee ff 5
EE ff
4
FE
3
38
48
58
68
78
dd
↕
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
0
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
34
44
54
64
74
dd
MUL
Unsigned Multiply
0
C
b7
INH
42
Negate Byte (Two’s Complement)
NOP
No Operation
↕
— — 0 ↕
↕
b0
X : A ← (X) × (A)
NEG opr
NEGA
NEGX
NEG opr,X
NEG ,X
— — ↕
b0
M ← –(M) = $00 – (M)
A ← –(A) = $00 – (A)
X ← –(X) = $00 – (X)
M ← –(M) = $00 – (M)
M ← –(M) = $00 – (M)
0 — — — 0
— — ↕
↕
↕
— — — — —
A ← (A) ∨ (M)
Logical OR Accumulator with Memory
Rotate Byte Left through Carry Bit
— — ↕
C
— — ↕
b7
b0
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
30
40
50
60
70
INH
9D
ff
ff
5
3
3
6
5
5
3
3
6
5
11
dd
ff
5
3
3
6
5
2
↕ —
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
AA
BA
CA
DA
EA
FA
ii
dd
hh ll
ee ff
ff
39
49
59
69
79
dd
↕
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
↕
Cycles
— — ↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
— — ↕
C
b7
Logical Shift Right
ROL opr
ROLA
ROLX
ROL opr,X
ROL ,X
BD dd 5
CD hh ll 6
DD ee ff 7
ED ff
6
FD
5
H I N Z C
LSR opr
LSRA
LSRX
LSR opr,X
LSR ,X
ORA #opr
ORA opr
ORA opr
ORA opr,X
ORA opr,X
ORA ,X
Description
ff
2
3
4
5
4
3
5
3
3
6
5
General Release Specification
Instruction Set
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A G R E E M E N T
LDX #opr
LDX opr
LDX opr
LDX opr,X
LDX opr,X
LDX ,X
— — — — —
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
Effect on
CCR
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
LDA #opr
LDA opr
LDA opr
LDA opr,X
LDA opr,X
LDA ,X
Opcode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
JSR opr
JSR opr
JSR opr,X
JSR opr,X
JSR ,X
Operation
Address
Mode
Source
Form
Operand
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Set Summary
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
36
46
56
66
76
dd
— — — — —
INH
9C
2
↕
↕
INH
80
9
— — — — —
INH
81
6
— — ↕
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A2 ii
2
B2 dd 3
C2 hh ll 4
D2 ee ff 5
E2 ff
4
F2
3
Effect on
CCR
Description
H I N Z C
ROR opr
RORA
RORX
ROR opr,X
ROR ,X
Rotate Byte Right through Carry Bit
RSP
Reset Stack Pointer
SP ← $00FF
RTI
Return from Interrupt
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (CCR)
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (A)
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (X)
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCH)
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCL)
RTS
Return from Subroutine
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCH)
SP ← (SP) + 1; Pull (PCL)
C
b7
— — ↕
↕
↕
b0
↕
↕
↕
SBC #opr
SBC opr
SBC opr
SBC opr,X
SBC opr,X
SBC ,X
Subtract Memory Byte and Carry Bit from
Accumulator
SEC
Set Carry Bit
C←1
— — — — 1
INH
99
SEI
Set Interrupt Mask
I←1
— 1 — — —
INH
9B
STA opr
STA opr
STA opr,X
STA opr,X
STA ,X
Store Accumulator in Memory
STOP
Stop Oscillator and Enable IRQ Pin
STX opr
STX opr
STX opr,X
STX opr,X
STX ,X
SUB #opr
SUB opr
SUB opr
SUB opr,X
SUB opr,X
SUB ,X
Store Index Register In Memory
Subtract Memory Byte from Accumulator
SWI
Software Interrupt
TAX
Transfer Accumulator to Index Register
A ← (A) – (M) – (C)
M ← (A)
↕
↕ —
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
B7
C7
D7
E7
F7
— 0 — — —
INH
8E
— — ↕
ff
Cycles
Operation
Operand
Source
Form
Opcode
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
Address
Mode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
5
3
3
6
5
2
2
dd
hh ll
ee ff
ff
4
5
6
5
4
2
dd
hh ll
ee ff
ff
↕ —
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
BF
CF
DF
EF
FF
↕
↕
IMM
DIR
EXT
IX2
IX1
IX
A0 ii
2
B0 dd 3
C0 hh ll 4
D0 ee ff 5
E0 ff
4
F0
3
PC ← (PC) + 1; Push (PCL)
SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (PCH)
SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (X)
SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (A)
— 1 — — —
SP ← (SP) – 1; Push (CCR)
SP ← (SP) – 1; I ← 1
PCH ← Interrupt Vector High Byte
PCL ← Interrupt Vector Low Byte
INH
83
10
INH
97
2
M ← (X)
A ← (A) – (M)
X ← (A)
— — ↕
— — ↕
— — — — —
4
5
6
5
4
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Instruction Set
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dd
TXA
Transfer Index Register to Accumulator
— — — — —
INH
9F
2
— 0 — — —
INH
8F
2
— — ↕
(M) – $00
A ← (X)
Stop CPU Clock and Enable Interrupts
Accumulator
Carry/borrow flag
Condition code register
Direct address of operand
Direct address of operand and relative offset of branch instruction
Direct addressing mode
High and low bytes of offset in indexed, 16-bit offset addressing
Extended addressing mode
Offset byte in indexed, 8-bit offset addressing
Half-carry flag
High and low bytes of operand address in extended addressing
Interrupt mask
Immediate operand byte
Immediate addressing mode
Inherent addressing mode
Indexed, no offset addressing mode
Indexed, 8-bit offset addressing mode
Indexed, 16-bit offset addressing mode
Memory location
Negative flag
Any bit
opr
PC
PCH
PCL
REL
rel
rr
SP
X
Z
#
∧
∨
⊕
()
–( )
←
?
:
↕
—
↕ —
ff
4
3
3
5
4
Operand (one or two bytes)
Program counter
Program counter high byte
Program counter low byte
Relative addressing mode
Relative program counter offset byte
Relative program counter offset byte
Stack pointer
Index register
Zero flag
Immediate value
Logical AND
Logical OR
Logical EXCLUSIVE OR
Contents of
Negation (two’s complement)
Loaded with
If
Concatenated with
Set or cleared
Not affected
General Release Specification
Instruction Set
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A G R E E M E N T
3D
4D
5D
6D
7D
Cycles
Description
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Test Memory Byte for Negative or Zero
A
C
CCR
dd
dd rr
DIR
ee ff
EXT
ff
H
hh ll
I
ii
IMM
INH
IX
IX1
IX2
M
N
n
DIR
INH
INH
IX1
IX
Effect on
CCR
H I N Z C
TST opr
TSTA
TSTX
TST opr,X
TST ,X
WAIT
Operand
Operation
Opcode
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Source
Form
Address
Mode
Table 13-6. Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
R E Q U I R E D
Instruction Set
Instruction Set Summary
Instruction Set
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
F
E
D
C
B
A
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MSB
LSB
1
DIR
2
REL
Branch
3
DIR
4
5
INH
6
IX1
Read-Modify-Write
INH
7
IX
INH = Inherent
IMM = Immediate
DIR = Direct
EXT = Extended
REL = Relative
IX = Indexed, No Offset
IX1 = Indexed, 8-Bit Offset
IX2 = Indexed, 16-Bit Offset
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
EOR
IMM 2
2
ADC
IMM 2
2
ORA
IMM 2
2
ADD
IMM 2
2
2
SUB
IMM 2
2
CMP
IMM 2
2
SBC
IMM 2
2
CPX
IMM 2
2
AND
IMM 2
2
BIT
IMM 2
2
LDA
IMM 2
A
IMM
MSB
0
LSB
0
5
SUB
IX2 2
5
CMP
IX2 2
5
SBC
IX2 2
5
CPX
IX2 2
5
AND
IX2 2
5
BIT
IX2 2
5
LDA
IX2 2
6
STA
IX2 2
5
EOR
IX2 2
5
ADC
IX2 2
5
ORA
IX2 2
5
ADD
IX2 2
4
JMP
IX2 2
7
JSR
IX2 2
5
LDX
IX2 2
6
STX
IX2 2
D
IX2
4
SUB
IX1 1
4
CMP
IX1 1
4
SBC
IX1 1
4
CPX
IX1 1
4
AND
IX1 1
4
BIT
IX1 1
4
LDA
IX1 1
5
STA
IX1 1
4
EOR
IX1 1
4
ADC
IX1 1
4
ORA
IX1 1
4
ADD
IX1 1
3
JMP
IX1 1
6
JSR
IX1 1
4
LDX
IX1 1
5
STX
IX1 1
E
IX1
MSB of Opcode in Hexadecimal
4
SUB
EXT 3
4
CMP
EXT 3
4
SBC
EXT 3
4
CPX
EXT 3
4
AND
EXT 3
4
BIT
EXT 3
4
LDA
EXT 3
5
STA
EXT 3
4
EOR
EXT 3
4
ADC
EXT 3
4
ORA
EXT 3
4
ADD
EXT 3
3
JMP
EXT 3
6
JSR
EXT 3
4
LDX
EXT 3
5
STX
EXT 3
C
EXT
Register/Memory
3
SUB
DIR 3
3
CMP
DIR 3
3
SBC
DIR 3
3
CPX
DIR 3
3
AND
DIR 3
3
BIT
DIR 3
3
LDA
DIR 3
4
STA
DIR 3
3
EOR
DIR 3
3
ADC
DIR 3
3
ORA
DIR 3
3
ADD
DIR 3
2
JMP
DIR 3
5
JSR
DIR 3
3
LDX
DIR 3
4
STX
DIR 3
B
DIR
5 Number of Cycles
BRSET0 Opcode Mnemonic
3
DIR Number of Bytes/Addressing Mode
2
6
BSR
REL 2
2
LDX
2
IMM 2
2
TAX
INH
2
CLC
INH 2
2
SEC
INH 2
2
CLI
INH 2
2
SEI
INH 2
2
RSP
INH
2
NOP
INH 2
9
2
STOP
INH
2
2
TXA
WAIT
INH 1
INH
10
SWI
INH
9
RTI
INH
6
RTS
INH
8
INH
Control
INH
LSB of Opcode in Hexadecimal
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET0
BRA
BSET0
NEG
NEGA
NEGX
NEG
NEG
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX 1
5
5
3
BRCLR0
BRN
BCLR0
3
1
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL
5
11
5
3
BRSET1
MUL
BHI
BSET1
3
1
DIR 2
INH
DIR 2
REL
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRCLR1
BLS
BCLR1
COM
COMA
COMX
COM
COM
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX 1
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET2
BCC
BSET2
LSR
LSRA
LSRX
LSR
LSR
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
BRCLR2
BCLR2 BCS/BLO
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET3
BNE
BSET3
ROR
RORA
RORX
ROR
ROR
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRCLR3
BEQ
BCLR3
ASR
ASRA
ASRX
ASR
ASR
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET4
BHCC
BSET4
ASL/LSL ASLA/LSLA ASLX/LSLX ASL/LSL ASL/LSL
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRCLR4
BHCS
BCLR4
ROL
ROLA
ROLX
ROL
ROL
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET5
BPL
BSET5
DEC
DECA
DECX
DEC
DEC
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
BRCLR5
BMI
BCLR5
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRSET6
BMC
BSET6
INC
INCA
INCX
INC
INC
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
4
3
3
5
4
BRCLR6
BMS
BCLR6
TST
TSTA
TSTX
TST
TST
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX
5
5
3
BRSET7
BIL
BSET7
1
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL
5
5
3
5
3
3
6
5
BRCLR7
BIH
BCLR7
CLR
CLRA
CLRX
CLR
CLR
3
DIR 2
DIR 2
REL 2
DIR 1
INH 1
INH 2
IX1 1
IX 1
0
DIR
Bit Manipulation
Table 13-7. Opcode Map
STX
LDX
JSR
JMP
ADD
ORA
ADC
EOR
STA
LDA
BIT
AND
CPX
SBC
CMP
SUB
F
IX
IX
IX
4
IX
3
IX
5
IX
2
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
IX
4
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
IX
3
3
F
E
D
C
B
A
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MSB
LSB
nc...
N O N - D I S C LFreescale
O S U R E Semiconductor,
A G R E E M E IN
T
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Instruction Set
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Section 14. Electrical Specifications
14.2
Introdution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163
14.3
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164
14.4
Functional Operating Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
14.5
Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
14.6
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166
14.7
A/D Converter Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171
14.8
Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
14.9
EPROM Programming Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172
14.2 Introdution
This section contains electrical and timing specifications.
General Release Specification
Electrical Specifications
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14.1 Contents
A G R E E M E N T
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
14.3 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Maximum ratings are the extreme limits to which the MCU can be
exposed without permanently damaging it.
NOTE:
This device is not guaranteed to operate properly at the maximum
ratings. Refer to 14.6 DC Electrical Characteristics for guaranteed
operating conditions.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
Table 14-1. Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Characteristic
Symbol
Value
Unit
Supply Voltage
VDD
–0.3 to +7.0
V
Input Voltage
VIN
VSS –0.3 to
VDD +0.3
V
Self-Check Mode (IRQ Pin Only)
VIN
VSS –0.3 to
2 x VDD +0.3
V
I
25
mA
TSTG
–65 to +150
°C
Current Drain Per Pin Excluding VDD
and VSS
Storage Temperature Range
NOTE:
1. Voltages referenced to VSS..
NOTE:
This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due
to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal
precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than
maximum-rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. For proper
operation, it is recommended that VIN and VOUT be constrained to the
range VSS ≤ (VIN or VOUT) ≤ VDD. Reliability of operation is enhanced if
unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (for
example, either VSS or VDD.)
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristic
Operating Temperature Range
MC68HC705MC4P, DW, S (Standard)
MC68HC705MC4CP, CDW, CS (Extended)
MC68HC705MC4VP, VDW, VS (Automotive)
MC68HC705MC4MP, MDW, MS(Automotive)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Operating Voltage Range
Symbol
Value
Unit
TA
TL to TH
0 to 70
–40 to 85
–40 to 105
–40 to 125
°C
VDD
5.0 ± 10%
V
14.5 Thermal Characteristics
Table 14-3. Thermal Characteristics
Characteristic
Symbol
Value
Unit
Thermal Resistance
Plastic (28 Pin)
SOIC (28 Pin)
θJA
60
60
°C/W
I/O Pin Power Dissipation
PI/O
User Determined
W
Power Dissipation(1)
PD
PD = (IDD x VDD) + PI/O =
K/(TJ + 273 °C)
W
Constant(2)
K
PD x (TA + 273 °C)
+ PD2 x θJA
W/°C
Average Junction Temperature
TJ
TA + (PD x θJA)
°C
TJM
125
°C
Maximum Junction Temperature
NOTES:
1. Power dissipation is a function of temperature.
2. K is a constant unique to the device. K can be determined for a known TA and
measured PD. With this value of K, PD and TJ can be determined for any value of TA.
General Release Specification
Electrical Specifications
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A G R E E M E N T
Table 14-2. Operating Range
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
14.4 Functional Operating Range
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
Functional Operating Range
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
14.6 DC Electrical Characteristics
Table 14-4. DC Electrical Characteristics (VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%)(1)
Characteristic
Output High Voltage (ILoad= 10.0 µA)
Output Low Voltage (ILoad = 10.0 µA)
Output High Voltage
(ILoad = –0.8 mA) PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6/TCMP
(ILoad = –10.0 mA) PA0–PA7
(Max Total ILoad = 20 mA)
Output Low Voltage
(ILoad = 1.6 mA) PA0–PA7, PB4– PB6, PC0–PC7,
PD6/TCMP, RESET
(ILoad = 10.0 mA) PB7
Input High Voltage
PA0–PA7, PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6, TCAP/PD7,
IRQ, RESET, OSC1
Input Low Voltage
PA0–PA7, PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6, TCAP/PD7,
IRQ, RESET, OSC1
VDD Supply Current (see Notes)
Run
Wait with A/D On
Wait with A/D Off
Quiescent
25 °C
0 to 70 °C (Standard)
–40 to 85 °C (Extended)
–40 to 105 °C (Automotive)
–40 to 125 °C (Automotive)
I/O Ports Hi-Z Leakage Current
PA0–PA7, PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6/TCAP/TCMP
A/D Ports Hi-Z Leakage Current
PC0–PC5
Input Current, RESET, IRQ, OSC1, PD7/TCAP2
Capacitance
Ports (as Input or Output)
RESET, IRQ
Input Injection Current, PA7
Min
VDD –0.1
—
Typ(2)
—
—
Max
—
0.1
VDD –0.8
—
—
VDD –2.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.4
1.0
VIH
0.7 x VDD
—
VDD
V
VIL
VSS
—
0.2 x VDD
V
—
—
—
7.0
2.5
1.8
8.5
3.3
3.0
mA
mA
mA
—
—
—
—
—
8
8
12
18
25
50
50
50
50
50
µA
µA
µA
µA
µA
IIL
—
—
± 10
µA
IIL
—
—
±1
µA
IIN
—
—
±1
µA
COUT
CIN
IINJ
—
—
—
—
—
—
12
8
± 100
pF
Symbol
VOH
VOL
VOH
VOL
IDD
Unit
V
V
V
V
µA
NOTES:
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = –40 to 125°C, with 6-MHz crystal, unless otherwise noted.
2. All values reflect average measurements at midpoint of voltage range, 25 °C only.
3. Wait IDD: Only timer system active, unless otherwise noted
4. Run (operating) IDD, Wait IDD: measured using external square wave clock source (fosc = 6.0 MHz). All inputs 0.2 V
from rail. No dc loads. Less than 50 pF on all outputs. CL = 20 pF on OSC2.
5. Wait, quiescent IDD: All ports configured as inputs, VIL = 0.2 V, VIH = VDD –0.2 V
6. Wait IDD is affected linearly by the OSC2 capacitance
7. Run IDD measured with PWM, A/D, and SCI systems active
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
SEE NOTE 2
0.40
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
DC Electrical Characteristics
3.5 mA
0.35
VOL (V)
0.30
0.275 V
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
IOL (mA)
8.0
10.0
NOTES:
1. Shaded area indicates variation in driver characteristics due to changes in temperature (–40 °C < T < 125 °C)
and for normal processing tolerances. Within the limited range of values shown, V vs I curves are
approximately straight lines.
2. At VDD = 5.0 V ± 10%, devices are tested for VOL≤ 400 mV @ IOL = 1.6 mA.
Figure 14-1. Typical Low-Side Driver Characteristics
for Standard Port Pins: PA0–PA7, PB4–PB6, PC0–PC7, PD6
10.0 mA
1.0
SEE NOTE 2
A G R E E M E N T
0
0.8
0.7
0.63 V
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
5.0
10.0
IOL (mA)
15.0
20.0
NOTES:
1. Shaded area indicates variation in driver characteristics due to changes in temperature (–40 °C < T < 125 °C)
and for normal processing tolerances. Within the limited range of values shown, V vs I curves are
approximately straight lines.
2. At VDD = 5.0 V ± 10%, devices are tested for VOL≤ 1.0 V @ IOL = 10.0 mA.
Figure 14-2. Typical Low-Side Driver Characteristics
for High Sink Current Pin, PB7
General Release Specification
Electrical Specifications
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
0.9
VOL (V)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
0.05
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
–12.0 mA
2.0
SEE NOTE 2
1.8
1.6
VDD – VOH (V)
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.90 V
0.8
0.6
0.2
0
0
–5.0
–10.0
IOH (mA)
–15.0
–20.0
NOTES:
1. Shaded area indicates variation in driver characteristics due to changes in temperature (–40 °C < T < 125 °C)
and for normal processing tolerances. Within the limited range of values shown, V vs I curves are
approximately straight lines.
2. At VDD = 5.0 V ± 10%, devices are tested for VDD – VOH ≤ 2.0 V @ IOH = –10.0 mA.
Figure 14-3. Typical High-Side Driver Characteristics
for High Source Port Pins, PA0–PA7
SEE NOTE 2 1.40 mA
0.80
0.70
0.60
VDD – VOH (V)
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
0.4
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.20 V
0.10
0
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
IOH (mA)
4.0
5.0
NOTES:
1. Shaded area indicates variation in driver characteristics due to changes in temperature (–40 °C < T < 125 °C)
and for normal processing tolerances. Within the limited range of values shown, V vs I curves are
approximately straight lines.
2. At VDD = 5.0 V ± 10%, devices are tested for VDD – VOH ≤ 0.8 V @ IOH = 0.80 mA.
Figure 14-4. Typical High-Side Driver Characteristics
for Standard Port Pins: PB4–PB7, PC0–PC7, PD6
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
DC Electrical Characteristics
10.0
RUN MODE
ADC ON
25 °C
9.0
7.0
6.0
5.5
V
5.0
4.5
V
4.0
1.0
0
5.0
1.0
2.0
INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz)
5.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
WAIT IDD
ADC ON
25 °C
4.0
3.0
3.0
5.5 V
2.0
4.5 V
1.0
WAIT IDD
ADC ON
RC OSC ON
25 °C
4.0
3.0
5.5 V
2.0
4.5 V
1.0
0
0
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz)
5.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz)
WAIT IDD
ADC OFF
25 °C
4.0
3.0
5.5 V
2.0
4.5 V
1.0
0
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz)
Figure 14-5. Typical Supply Current vs Internal Clock Frequency
General Release Specification
Electrical Specifications
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
0
A G R E E M E N T
3.0
2.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
8.0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
10.0
VDD = 5 V ± 10%
–40 °C to 125 °C
RUN MODE
WAIT MODE
(ADC ON/RC OSC ON)
WAIT MODE
(ADC ON/RC OSC OFF)
WAIT MODE
(ADC OFF)
9.0
8.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0
0
1.0
2.0
INTERNAL CLOCK FREQUENCY (MHz)
3.0
Figure 14-6. Maximum Supply Current vs Internal Clock Frequency
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table 14-5. A/D Converter Characteristics(1)
Min
Max
Unit
Resolution
8
8
Bits
Absolute Accuracy
(VDD ≥ VREFH > 4.0)
—
± 1 1/2
LSB
Includes Quantization
VSS
VSS
VREFH
VDD
V
A/D accuracy may
decrease proportionately
as VREFH is reduced
below 4.0.
Input Leakage
AD0–AD5
VREFH
—
—
±1
±1
Conversion Time
(Includes Sampling Time)
32
32
Conversion Range
VREFH
Monotonicity
Notes
µA
tAD
(see Note 2)
Inherent (Within Total Error)
Zero Input Reading
00
01
Hex
VIN = 0 V
Full-Scale Reading
FE
FF
Hex
VIN = VREFH
Sample Time
12
12
tAD
(see Note 2)
Input Capacitance
—
12
pF
VSS
VREFH
V
Analog Input Voltage
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Characteristic
NOTES:
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = –40 to 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
2. tAD = tcyc if clock source equals MCU.
General Release Specification
Electrical Specifications
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A G R E E M E N T
14.7 A/D Converter Characteristics
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
A/D Converter Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
14.8 Control Timing
Table 14-6. Control Timing (VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%)(1)
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Frequency of Operation
Crystal Option
External Clock Option
fosc
—
dc
6
6
MHz
Internal Operating Frequency
Crystal (fosc ÷ 2)
External Clock (fosc ÷ 2)
fop
—
dc
3
3
MHz
Cycle Time
tcyc
333
—
ns
Crystal Oscillator Startup Time
tOXOV
—
100
ms
Stop Recovery Startup Time (Crystal Oscillator)
tILCH
—
100
ms
RESET Pulse Width
tRL
1.5
—
tcyc
Interrupt Pulse Width Low (Edge-Triggered)
tILIH
350
—
ns
Interrupt Pulse Period
tILIL
see Note 2
—
tcyc
tOH, tOL
200
—
ns
A/D On Current Stabilization Time
tADON
—
100
µs
RC Oscillator Stabilization Time (A/D)
tRCON
—
5.0
µs
Internal RESET Pulldown Pulse Width
tRPD
—
4
tcyc
OSC1 Pulse Width
NOTES:
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = –40 to 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
2. The minimum period, tILIL, should not be less than the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine
plus 19 tcyc.
14.9 EPROM Programming Characteristics
Table 14-7. EPROM Programming Characteristics (VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%)(1)
Characteristic
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Programming Voltage
IRQ/VPP
VPP
15.25
15.5
15.75
V
Programming Current
IRQ/VPP
IPP
—
4.0
10.0
mA
tEPGM
tMPGM
4
4
—
—
—
—
ms
Programming Time
Per Array Byte
MOR
NOTE:
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = –40 to 125°C, unless otherwise noted.
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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DD
NEW
PCH
INTERNAL
DATA
BUS1
NEW
PCL
0FFF
tCYC
NEW PC
OP
CODE
NEW PC
NOTE 3
tRL
0FFE
0FFE
0FFE
Electrical Specifications
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PCH
0FFE
PCL
0FFF
General Release Specification
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
A G R E E M E N T
NEW PC
OP
CODE
NEW PC
R E Q U I R E D
Figure 14-7. Power-On Reset and External Reset Timing Diagram
NOTES:
1. Internal timing signal and bus information not available externally.
2. OSC1 line is not meant to represent frequency. It is only used to represent time.
3. The next rising edge of the internal clock following the rising edge of RESET initiates the reset sequence.
RESET
0FFE
4064 tCYC
V THRESHOLD (1–2 V TYPICAL)
DD
VDDR
INTERNAL
ADDRESS
BUS1
INTERNAL
PROCESSOR
CLOCK1
OSC12
V
t
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Specifications
EPROM Programming Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Electrical Specifications
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Electrical Specifications
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15.1 Contents
15.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
15.3
Plastic Dual In-Line Package (Case 710) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
15.4
Small Outline Integrated Circuit (Case 751F) . . . . . . . . . . . . .176
15.2 Introduction
The MC68HC705MC4 is available in both a 28-pin plastic dual in-line
package (PDIP) and a small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package.
The following figures show the latest packages at the time of this
publication. To make sure that you have the latest package
specifications, contact one of the following:
•
Local Freescale Sales Office
•
Worldwide Web http://www.freescale.com
General Release Specification
Mechanical Specifications
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A G R E E M E N T
Section 15. Mechanical Specifications
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
R E Q U I R E D
Mechanical Specifications
15.3 Plastic Dual In-Line Package (Case 710)
28
15
B
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
1
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
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! ! # ! "
14
A
L
C
N
H
G
M
K
D
F
J
°
°
°
°
15.4 Small Outline Integrated Circuit (Case 751F)
-A28
! ! % ! !
! " !" $" !" ! "
!" #
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!
15
14X
-B1
P
14
28X D
!
M
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C
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G
K
F
J
°
°
°
°
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Mechanical Specifications
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Section 16. Ordering Information
16.2
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
16.3
MC Order Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
16.2 Introduction
This section provides ordering information.
N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
16.1 Contents
A G R E E M E N T
General Release Specification — MC68HC705MC4
R E Q U I R E D
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
General Release Specification
Ordering Information
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N O N - D I S C L O S U R E
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A G R E E M E N T
R E Q U I R E D
Ordering Information
16.3 MC Order Numbers
The following table shows the MC order numbers for the available
package types.
MC Order Number
Operating
Temperature Range
MC68HC705MC4P (Standard)
–0 to 70 °C
MC68HC705MC4CP (Extended)
–40 to 85 °C
MC68HC705MC4VP (Automotive)
–40 to 105 °C
MC68HC705MC4MP (Automotive)
–40 to 125 °C
MC68HC705MC4DW (Standard)
–0 to 70 °C
MC68HC705MC4CDW (Extended)
–40 to 85 °C
MC68HC705MC4VDW (Automotive)
–40 to 105 °C
MC68HC705MC4MDW (Automotive)
–40 to 125 °C
MC68HC705MC4S (Standard)
–0 to 70 °C
MC68HC705MC4CS (Extended)
–40 to 85 °C
MC68HC705MC4VS (Automotive)
–40 to 105 °C
MC68HC705MC4MS (Automotive)
–40 to 125 °C
NOTE:
P = Plastic Dual In-Line Package (PDIP)
DW = Small Outline Integrated Circuit (SOIC) Package
S = Ceramic Dual In-Line (Cerdip) Package
MC68HC705MC4 — Rev. 2.0
Ordering Information
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© Motorola, Inc., 1997
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HC705MC4GRS/D