AX88615P 5-Port 10/100BASE Ethernet Switch 5-Port 10/100BASE Ethernet Switch Controller Document No.: AX615-13 / V1.3 / Aug. 11 ’99 Features • Support 5 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports with RMII/MII interface ü Provides packet switching functions between 5 10/100 Mbps, auto-negotiated ports ü Ideal for SOHO switches and its application • Build in 5-ports 10/100Mbps Switch engine with following features ü Low cost SSRAM interface to reduce system cost ü One or two 64K*32bit SSRAM to buffer packets ü 4/8 K MAC address look up Table is supported ü Address mapping of look up table can be linear or use hash algorithm ü Auto learning and filtering ü Aging the look up table is supported optionally ü Aging time can be 1min to 640 mins 7 steps ü Three forwarding modes are supported : Storeand-Forward, Fragment-Free and Auto Forward which is based on network quality ü Flow-control is supported optionally ü 802.3x flow control is supported when running in full-duplex mode ü Back-pressure base flow control is supported when running in half-duplex mode ü Ext. Buffer Memory auto testing ü Routing and Learning at wire speed (148800 packets/sec at 100Mbps) • LED display buffer utilization (%) for whole system and external SSRAM test. • Power on LED diagnosis. All the LED display will follow the “ON-OFF-ON-OFF-Normal” operation procedure during/after power on reset • 60MHz Operation, 3.3volt, 208-pin PQFP Product description The AX88615 is a 5-ports 10/100 Mbps Ethernet switch with MII PHY or RMII PHY. It is design for low cost dumb Switch application, e.g. SOHO Ethernet Switch, with low cost 64K*32 SSRAM buffer memory. Key Applications ü ü SOHO Ethernet Switch IP Router System Block Diagram 5 Port 10/100Mb SOHO Switch AX88615 Switch Controller 1 Quad RMII/MII PHY 1 or 2 64K*32 SSRAM RMII/MII PHY for Down-link or Server Always contact ASIX for possible updates before starting a design. This data sheet contains new products information. ASIX ELECTRONICS reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product. ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION First Released Date : APR/02/1999 2F, NO.13, Industry East Rd. II, Science-based Industrial Park, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan, R.O.C. TEL: 886-3-579-9500 FAX: 886-3-579-9558 http://www.asix.com.tw CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY CONTENTS 1.0 AX88615 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 AX88615 BLOCK DIAGRAM: .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 PIN CONNECTION DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 MII/RMII INTERFACE FOR SWITCH PORTS............................................................................................................ 6 2.1.1 Switch Port 0.............................................................................................................................................. 6 2.1.2 Switch Port 1.............................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1.3 Switch Port 2.............................................................................................................................................. 7 2.1.4 Switch Port 3.............................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.5 Switch Port 4.............................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 LED DISPLAY.................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 BUFFER MEMORY PINS GROUP ............................................................................................................................. 9 2.4 MISCELLANEOUS.............................................................................................................................................. 10 2.5 POWER ON CONFIGURATION SETUP SIGNALS CROSS REFERENCE TABLE ................................................................ 11 3.0 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................................... 13 3.1 BASIC OPERATION............................................................................................................................................ 13 3.2 PACKET FILTERING AND FORWARDING PROCESS................................................................................................ 13 3.3 MAC ADDRESS LEARNING AND AGING PROCESS .............................................................................................. 13 3.4 FLOW CONTROL PROCESS ................................................................................................................................ 13 4.0 INTERNAL REGISTERS ................................................................................................................................ 15 5.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION AND TIMING.......................................................................................... 16 5.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ........................................................................................................................ 16 5.2 GENERAL OPERATION CONDITIONS................................................................................................................... 16 5.3 DC CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................................................... 16 5.4 AC SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 17 5.4.1 LCLK ....................................................................................................................................................... 17 5.4.2 Reset Timing ............................................................................................................................................ 17 5.4.3 RMII Interface Timing Tx & Rx................................................................................................................ 18 5.4.4 MII Interface Timing Tx & Rx .................................................................................................................. 19 5.4.5 SSRAM Read Cycle Timing ...................................................................................................................... 20 5.4.6 SSRAM Write CycleTiming....................................................................................................................... 21 5.4.7 LED DISPLAY ......................................................................................................................................... 22 5.4.8 LED Display After Reset .......................................................................................................................... 22 6.0 PACKAGE INFORMATION........................................................................................................................... 23 APPENDIX A: SYSTEM APPLICATIONS.......................................................................................................... 24 A.1 AX88615 AS 5-PORT STANDALONE SOHO SWITCH........................................................................................... 24 A.2 AX88615 FOR IP ROUTER APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 24 A.3 AX88615 AS BACKEND OF DUAL SPEED REPEATERS........................................................................................... 25 APPENDIX B: DESIGN NOTE............................................................................................................................. 26 B.1 USING STATION MANAGEMENT (STA) CONNECTION ........................................................................................ 26 B.2 USING MII I/F CONNECTS TO MAC.................................................................................................................. 26 2 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY FIGURES FIG - 1 AX88615 BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................................................................................................................. 4 FIG - 2 PIN CONNECTION DIAGRAM .............................................................................................................................. 5 FIG - 3 APPLICATION FOR LED DISPLAY ..................................................................................................................... 14 3 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 1.0 AX88615 Overview 1.1 General Description The AX88615 is a 5-ports 10/100 Mbps Ethernet switch with MII PHY or RMII PHY. A low cost Fast Ethernet switch can be implemented by using the AX88615 and low cost 64Kx32 SSRAM . Data received from the MAC interface is stored in the external memory. All ports support multiple MAC addresses. The switch provides a look-up table for 8K MAC addresses with two 64Kx32 SSRAMs. The AX88615 provides three frame forwarding mode: store-and-forward mode, safe cut-through (fragment free) mode and dynamic-select-mode (auto). The dynamic-select-mode means the switch selects optimizes mode for forwarding packages automatically according to Network quality. During transmission, the data is obtained from the buffer memory and routed to the destination port. For half-duplex operation, the MAC control will back off and retransmit in accordance to the IEEE802.3 CSMA/CD if collision occurs. The AX88615 provides two flow control methods. For half-duplex operation, an optional jamming based flow control is available to avoid loss of data. This is also well known as back pressure. In the full-duplex mode, AX88615 utilizes IEEE802.3X as the flow control mechanism. 1.2 AX88615 Block Diagram: MII / RMII PHY P0 10/100 MAC MII / RMII PHY P1 10/100 MAC MII / RMII PHY P2 10/100 MAC MII / RMII PHY P3 10/100 MAC MII / RMII PHY P4 10/100 MAC Routing /Learning Controller High Speed Switch Fabric Buffer Manager Buffer Memory Interface LED Interface 64K*32 SSRAM Fig - 1 AX88615 Block Diagram 4 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 156 155 154 153 152 151 150 149 148 147 146 145 144 143 142 141 140 139 138 137 136 135 134 133 132 131 130 129 128 127 126 125 124 123 122 121 120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC VSS DB_OUT[7] DB_OUT[6] DB_OUT[5] DB_OUT[4] VDD BMA7 BMA6 BMD16 BMD17 VSS BMD18 BMD19 BMD20 BMD21 BMD22 BMD23 DB_SEL[7] DB_SEL[6] DB_SEL[5] DB_SEL[4] NC VSS NC NC DB_OUT[3] DB_OUT[2] VDD DB_OUT[1] DB_OUT[0] DB_SEL[3] DB_SEL[2] DB_SEL[1] DB_SEL[0] VSS SRXD0[3] SRXD0[2] VSS SRXD0[1] SRXD0[0] NC NC NC NC NC 1.3 Pin Connection Diagram 104 103 102 101 100 99 98 97 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 AX88615 SRXCLK0 NC NC VSS NC NC SRXDV0 SCOL_SP0 SCRS0 NC SDUPLEX0 STXCLK0 VDD STXD0[3] STXD0[2] STXD0[1] STXD0[0] STXEN0 LED_CK LED<1> LED<0> VSS SRXD1[3] SRXD1[2] SRXD1[1] SRXD1[0] SRXCLK1 SRXDV1 SCOL_SP1 SCRS1 NC NC BMCLK VSS LCLK VDD REF_CLK VSS SDUPLEX1 STXCLK1 STXD1[3] STXD1[2] STXD1[1] STXD1[0] STXEN1 /RST /TEST MDIO MDC STXD4[3] STXD4[2] SDUPLEX4 SPEED3 SCRS3 SRXD3[0] SRXD3[1] STXEN3 STXD3[0] STXD3[1] VSS SRXCLK3 SRXDV3 SRXD3[2] SRXD3[3] SDUPLEX3 STXD3[2] STXD3[3] BMA11 BMA10 BMA0 BMA1 BMA2 BMA3 BMA4 BMA5 BMD31 VDD BMD30 BMD29 BMD28 BMD27 BMD26 BMD25 BMD24 STXCLK3 SCOL3 VSS STXCLK4 SCOL4 NC NC NC SPEED4 SCRS4 SRXD4[0] SRXD4[1] STXEN4 STXD4[0] STXD4[1] VDD SRXCLK4 SRXDV4 SRXD4[2] SRXD4[3] 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 96 VSS /BMWE /BMOE SPEED2 SCRS2 SRXD2[0] SRXD2[1] VDD STXEN2 BMA8 STXD2[0] STXD2[1] SRXCLK2 BMA9 BMD15 BMD14 BMD13 VSS BMD12 BMD11 BMD10 BMD9 BMD8 BMD7 SRXDV2 SRXD2[2] SRXD2[3] SDUPLEX2 VSS STXD2[2] STXD2[3] BMD6 BMD5 BMD4 BMD3 BMD2 BMD1 BMD0 VDD STXCLK2 BMA16 BMA15 BMA14 BMA13 BMA12 SCOL2 NC NC NC NC NC VSS Fig - 2 Pin Connection Diagram 5 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 2.0 Pin Description 2.0 Pin Description The following terms describe the AX88615 pinout: All pin names with the “/” suffix are asserted low. I = Input O = Output I/O = Input /Output 2.1 MII/RMII interface for switch ports 2.1.1 Switch Port 0 Signal Name Type STXEN0 O STXD0[3:0] O STXCLK0 I SDUPLEX0 I SCOL_SP0 I SCRS0 I or SCRS_DV0 SRXDV0 I SRXCLK0 I SRXD0[3:0] I Pin No. Description 87 Transmit Enable : Active HIGH. This output indicates that the packet is being transmitted .If MII mode, TXEN0 is synchronous to STXCLK0. If RMII mode, TXEN0 is synchronous to REF_CLK. 91,90,89,88 Transmit Data : STXD0[3:0] is synchronous to the rising edge of STXCLK0 in MII mode. For each STXCLK period in which STXEN is asserted, TXD[3:0] are accepted for transmission by the PHY. If RMII mode, STXD0[1:0] is synchronous to REF_CLK. TXD0[1:0] shall be “00” to indicate idle when TX_EN is disserted. Value that is not “00” is reserved for out-of-band signaling and shall be ignored by PHY. When TX_EN is asserted, TXD[1:0] are accepted for transmission by PHY 93 Transmit Clock : Provides the timing reference for the STXEN0, STXD0 signals in MII mode. STXCLK0 frequency is one fourth of the data rate (25 MHz for 100Mbps, 2.5 MHz for 10Mbps). 94 Duplex Select : DUPLEX0 is not standard MII/RMII signal. This input is connected to PHY directly to obtain the current data rate of Port0. 97 Collision Detect: Active HIGH. Indicates a collision has been detected on wire in MII mode. This input is not synchronous to any clock and ignored in full-duplex mode If RMII mode, the signal is a speed indicator. Active for 10Mbps speed is selected depending on power on configuration. 96 Carrier Sense : Active HIGH. Indicates that either the transmit or receive medium is non-idle in MII mode. SCRS0 is not synchronous to any clock. When RMII mode, the input is CRS_DV (Carrier Sense/Receive Data Valid ) that is asserted asynchronously on detection of carrier by the PHY when receive medium is non-idle. Loss of carrier shall result in the desertion of CRS_DV synchronous to the cycle of REF_CLK, which presents the first DI-bit of a nibble on to RXD0[1:0]. 98 Receive Data Valid : Active HIGH. Indicates that valid data is present on the SRXD0 lines. Synchronous to SRXCLK0. 104 Receive Clock : Provides the timing reference for the SRXDV0, SRXD0 signals in MII mode. STXCLK0 frequency is one fourth of the data rate (25 MHz for 100Mbps, 2.5 MHz for 10Mbps). 114,113, Receive Data : Synchronously to the rising edge of RXCLK in MII 111,110 mode. If RMII mode, SRXD0[1:0] is synchronous to REF_CLK. SRXD0[1:0] shall be “00” to indicate idle when CRS_DV is disserted. Value that is not “00” is reserved for out-of-band signaling shall be ignored by MAC Upon assertion of CRS_DV, PHY shall ensure that RXD[1:0] = “00” until proper receive decoding takes place 6 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller 2.1.2 Switch Port 1 Signal Name Type STXEN1 O STXD1[3:0] O STXCLK1 I SDUPLEX1 I SCOL_SP1 I SCRS1 or SCRS_DV1 SRXDV1 I SRXCLK1 I SRXD1[3:0] I I 2.1.3 Switch Port 2 Signal Name Type Pin No. PRELIMINARY Description 60 Transmit Enable : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 64,63,62,61 Transmit Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 65 Transmit Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 66 Duplex Select : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 76 Collision Detect: Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 75 Carrier Sense : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 77 Receive Data Valid : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. 78 Receive Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. 82,81,80,79 Receive Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Pin No. STXEN2 O 165 STXD2[3:0] O STXCLK2 I 187,186, 168,167 196 SDUPLEX2 I 184 SCOL2 I 202 SCRS2 or SCRS_DV2 SRXDV2 I 161 I 181 SRXCLK2 I 169 SRXD2[3:0] I SPEED2 I 183,182, 163,162 160 Description Transmit Enable : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Transmit Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Transmit Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Duplex Select : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Collision Detect: Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Carrier Sense : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 Receive Data Valid : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Receive Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Receive Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Speed Indicator : Identify data rate of Port 2 7 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller 2.1.4 Switch Port 3 Signal Name Type Pin No. PRELIMINARY Description STXEN3 O 5 STXD3[3:0] O 15,14,7,6 STXCLK3 I 33 SDUPLEX3 I 13 SCOL3 I 34 SCRS3 or SCRS_DV3 SRXDV3 I 2 I 10 SRXCLK3 I 9 SRXD3[3:0] I 12,11,4,3 SPEED3 I 1 Receive Data Valid : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Receive Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Receive Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. Speed Indicator : Identify data rate of Port 3 Pin No. Description 2.1.5 Switch Port 4 Signal Name Type STXEN4 O STXD4[3:0] O STXCLK4 I SDUPLEX4 I SCOL4 I SCRS4 or SCRS_DV4 SRXDV4 I SRXCLK4 I SRXD4[3:0] I SPEED4 I I Transmit Enable : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Transmit Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Transmit Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Duplex Select : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Collision Detect: Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. Carrier Sense : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 45 Transmit Enable : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 55,54,47,46 Transmit Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 36 Transmit Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 53 Duplex Select : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 37 Collision Detect: Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. 42 Carrier Sense : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH description. PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 PORT0 50 Receive Data Valid : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. 49 Receive Clock : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. 52,51,44,43 Receive Data : Please references section 2.1.1 SWITCH PORT0 description. 41 Speed Indicator : Identify data rate of Port 4 8 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 2.2 LED Display Signal Name LED[1:0] Type Pin No. O 85, 84 Description SSRAM Fail / Buffer Memory Utilization LED : v As utilization of buffer memory The buffer utilization of switch uses the following definition: 1: Led off 0: Led on Utilization (%) 0 10 20 40 60 80 95 UTI0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 UTI1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 UTI2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 UTI3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 UTI4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 UTI5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 For detail , see the LED timing specification. v SSRAM Fail LED[0] : This signal also indicates SRAM chip 0 fail ( continue active low ) during the interval of sequence shift data. LED[1] : This signal also indicates SRAM chip 1 fail ( continue active low ) during the interval of sequence shift data. LED_CK O 86 LED Clock : The signal is a discontinue clock for LED signals serial shift out. The clock period width is 400nS and last 32 cycle with every 52.4ms repeated. 2.3 Buffer memory pins group Signal Name Type Pin No. BMA[16:0] O BMD[31:24] BMD[23:16] I/O BMD[15:8] BMD[7:0] /BMWE /BMOE BMCLK O O O 197–201 16,17 170,166 143,142 23-18 24, 26-32 133-138 140, 141 171-173 175-179 180, 188-194 158 159 72 Description SSRAM Address Bus SSRAM Data Bus SSRAM Write Strobe SSRAM Read Strobe SSRAM CLOCK 9 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 2.4 Miscellaneous Signal Name Type Pin No. LCLK /RST I I REF_CLK I /TEST I/PU MDIO I/O MDC DB_SEL[7:0] O I/PU DB_OUT[7:0] O NC O VDD I VSS I Description 70 59 Local Clock : 66Mhz. Used for system operation synchronous. Reset : Active Low The chip is reset when this signal is asserted Low. 68 Reference clock : The input is a continue clock at 50Mhz for timing reference with RMII interface. 58 Test Pin : Active LOW The pin is just for test mode setting purpose only. Must be pull high when normal operation. 57 Station Management Data In/Out : To read PHY Auto Negotiation Remote Capability register to get current speed and duplex status. (See appendix also) 56 Station Management Data Clock Out : For MDIO reference clock. 132-129, Debug Mode Selection : 119-116 Enable debug selection when /TEST pin = 0 148-145, Debug Mode Monitor Output : 124,123, 121,120 38,39,40, NC : Keep no connection 56,57,73, 74,95,99, 100,102, 105-109, 125,126, 128, 150-156, 203-207 25, 48, POWER : +3.3V +/-5% 69, 92, 122, 144, 164, 195, 8, 35, POWER: 0V 67, 71, 83, 101, 112,115, 127, 139, 149, 157, 174,185, 208 10 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 2.5 Power on configuration setup signals cross reference table Signal Name Share with /Hash_En BMA[16] Aging_S[2:0] BMA[15:13] RxFC_En BMA[12] MII_S1 BMA[11] MII_S0 BMA[10] /Part_En BMA[9] RAM_S BMA[5] NetQlty_S BMA[4] FwTyp_S1 FwTyp_S0 BMA[3] BMA[2] HiBndy_S1 HiBndy_S0 BMA[1] BMA[0] / FlowCtl _En4 STXEN0 / FlowCtl _En3 STXD0[3] Description Hash Algorithm Enable : 0 : Enable look-up table addressing use hashing algorithm. 1 : Disable look-up table addressing use linear addressing Aging Timer Selection : Aging_S2 Aging_S1 Aging_S0 Aging Time (Min) 1 1 1 no aging (disable) 1 1 0 5 1 0 1 10 1 0 0 20 0 1 1 40 0 1 0 160 0 0 1 640 0 0 0 1 PAUSE Identification Enable : 0 : Disable 802.3x receives flow control function in full duplex. 1 : Enable 802.3x receives flow control function in full duplex. MII Enable for Port 1, 2, 3, 4 : 0 : Switch port 1, 2, 3, 4 “RMII” mode is selected 1 : Switch port 1, 2, 3, 4 “MII” mode is selected MII Enable for Port 0 : 0 : Switch port 0 “RMII” mode is selected 1 : Switch port 0 “MII” mode is selected TX Partition Enable : 0 : Enable partition function of transition. 1 : Disable partition function of transition. RAM Size Selection : External packet buffer RAM size select RAM_S RAM SIZE 1 64K * 32 SSRAM 0 128K * 32 SSRAM Network Quality Selection: Auto forwarding mode is based on packet error percentage to select Store-and-Forward or Fragment Free mode. NetQlty_S Error Packet Ratio 1 20% 0 40% Forward Type Selection : FwTyp _S1 FwTyp _S0 Forward Mode 1 1 Store & Forward 1 0 Store & Forward 0 1 Fragment Free 0 0 Auto Threshold Selection for Flow Control : Flow control will be active when buffer memory is below the threshold: HiBndy_S1 HiBndy_S0 Buffers Left 1 1 64 packets 1 0 32 packets 0 1 16 packets 0 0 96 packets P4 Flow Control Enable : Enable flow control function of switch port 4, 802.3x for full duplex, back pressure for half duplex. 0 : Enable flow control function. 1 : Disable flow control function. P3 Flow Control Enable : Enable flow control functions of switch port 3, 11 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller / FlowCtl _En2 STXD0[2] / FlowCtl _En1 STXD0[1] /FlowCtl_En0 STXD0[0] Speed_S1 STXD1[2] Speed_S0 STXD1[1] FdpxHi_S1 STXD1[0] FdpxHi_S0 STXEN1 /RdPhy_En STXD4[0] PktLenOpt STXD3[0] PRELIMINARY 802.3x for full duplex, back pressure for half duplex. 0 : Enable flow control function. 1 : Disable flow control function. P2 Flow Control Enable : Enable flow control functions of switch port 2, 802.3x for full duplex, back pressure for half duplex. 0 : Enable flow control function. 1 : Disable flow control function. P1 Flow Control Enable : Enable flow control functions of switch port 1, 802.3x for full duplex, back pressure for half duplex. 0 : Enable flow control function. 1 : Disable flow control function. P0 Flow Control Enable : Enable flow control functions of switch port 0, 802.3x for full duplex, back pressure for half duplex. 0 : Enable flow control function. 1 : Disable flow control function. Speed Setting for Port 1, 2, 3, 4 : In RMII mode, speed “SCOL_SP1” pin function selection 0 : Port 1, 2, 3, 4 RMII mode, SCOL_SP1 pin is Low for 10M,high for 100M 1 : Port 1, 2, 3, 4 RMII mode, SCOL_SP1 pin is Low for 100M,high for 10M Speed Setting for Port 0 : In RMII mode, speed “SCOL_SP0” pin function selection 0 : Port 0 RMII mode, SCOL_SP0 pin is Low for 10M,high for 100M 1 : Port 0 RMII mode, SCOL_SP0 pin is Low for 100M,high for 10M Duplex Setting for Port 1, 2, 3, 4 : Port 1, 2, 3, 4 “SDUPLEX1” pin function select 0 : SDUPLEX1 pin is Low for half duplex,high for full duplex 1 : SDUPLEX1 pin is Low for full duplex,high for half duplex Duplex Setting for Port 0 : Port 0 “SDUPLEX0” pin function selection 0 : SDUPLEX0 pin is Low for half duplex,high for full duplex 1 : SDUPLEX0 pin is Low for full duplex,high for half duplex MDIO read PHY Register 05h Information 0 : Enable 1 : Disable Maximun Packet Length Selection 0 : 1522 Byte 1 : 1518 Byte All of the above signals are pull-up for default values. 12 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 3.0 Functional Description 3.1 Basic Operation In general, the basic operation of the switch is very simple. The switch receives incoming packets from one of its ports, searches in the Look-Up Table for the Destination MAC Address and then forwards the packet to the destination ports, if appropriate. If the destination MAC address is not found in the Look-Up Table, the switch treats the incoming packet as a broadcast packet and forwards it to all ports except itself. Basically the switch automatically learns the port number of attached network devices by examining the Source MAC Address of all incoming packets. The device is updated the table with the Source MAC Address if the Source MAC Address does not exist the table. 3.2 Packet Filtering and Forwarding Process During the receiving process, the switch will monitor the length of the received packet. Legal Ethernet packets should have a length of no less 64 bytes and nor more than 1528 bytes. The switch discards any packet with illegal length. After a packet is received, its Source MAC Address and Destination MAC Address are received. The Source MAC Address is used to update the Look-Up Table and the Destination MAC Address is used to determine the destination port of the packet. Once a MAC Address has been learned, and the packet is buffered, it must be forwarded, That is, the packet forwarding mechanism for the switch is handled automatically based on the destination MAC Address. Under the following conditions, received packets are filtered: ¨ The switch will check all received packets for errors, e.g., FCS error, runt packet, long packet, etc. ¨ Any packet handing to its own source port will be filtered. That is, its destination port is its source port. ¨ The incoming packet will be discarded if the switch’s buffer memory is full. The switch supports three forwarding modes: Store-and-Forward, Fragment-Free and Auto. ¨ Store-and-Forward Mode: An entry packet is received, checked and stored in the buffer memory before it is forwarded. That is, each forwarded packet is correct. ¨ Fragment-Free Mode: It is a simple improvement on Cut-Through method. The switch will forward a packet whose packet length is more than 64 bytes. All runt packets will be filtered in Fragment-Free mode. ¨ Auto Mode: In Auto mode, the switch select dynamically its optimized forwarding mode based on the current network quality of each port. 3.3 MAC Address Learning and Aging Process The switch can learn up to 8K unique MAC addresses with a hashing algorithm. Addresses are stored in the Look-Up Table located in external SSRAM, then each packet updates the table. The table lookup engine provides the switching information required routing the data packets. The address table is set up through auto address learning dynamically. After the switch receives a packet, the Source MAC Address and Destination MAC Address are received. The Source Address retrieved from the received packet is automatically stored in a SA buffer. The switch will check for error and perform a SA search. The switch will update the Look-Up Table with the Source MAC Address if there is no error. The Look-Up Table is cleared on power-on, or hardware reset. When the aging option is enabled, the dynamically Learned SA will be cleared if it is not refreshed in less than configured time (2 or 5 min). 3.4 Flow Control Process The switch can operate at two different modes: half-duplex and full-duplex. Each port can be configured to have flow control enabled or not. The switch supports 802.3X for full-duplex operation and uses back pressure for half-duplex. In full-duplex mode, the switch will receive and transmit the packet in accordance to 802.3X. The transmission channel and the receiving channel operate independently. If the occupancy of the buffer memory is above the FlowControlActive 13 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY threshold, the MAC of port will send out a PAUSE frame with maximum delay. The switch will send out a PAUSE frame with zero delay after below FlowControlActive threshold. For the receiving channel, the switch will not transmit the next packet whenever received a PAUSE frame with non-zero delay. The switch will resume packet transmission either after the pause timer expired or a PAUSE frames with zero delay received. In half-duplex mode, the switch will receive and transmit the packet in accordance to 802.3 CSMA/CD. If the occupancy of the buffer memory is above the FlowControlActive threshold, the MAC of port will send out JAM pattern . 3.5 LED Display Interface AX88615 provides LED status indication for memory test and packet buffer utilization (%). All LED[2:0] perform active low. LED[2:0] Status Driver Wave-form as follows : LED_CK D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A D16 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 LED[0] Continue N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A LED[1] N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A LED[0] LED[1] Continue ( This portation no clock presented ) Chip 0 Memory Test Fail and/or 100M Collision N/A N/A SW UTI5 SW UTI4 SW UTI3 SW UTI2 SW UTI1 SW UTI0 Chip 1 Memory Test Fail and/or 10M Collision Q 0 LED[1] D Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 74LS164(#1) Q 5 Q 6 Q 7 Q 0 D Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 Q 5 Q 6 SW UTI0 SW UTI1 SW UTI2 SW UTI3 SW UTI4 SW UTI5 It must use external shift register to decode data on LED[1]. The application shows as follows: Q 7 74LS164(#2) LED_CK Fig - 3 Application for LED display 14 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 4.0 INTERNAL REGISTERS (This page keep blank) 15 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION AND TIMING 5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Description SYM Min Max Units Operating Temperature Ta 0 +70 °C Storage Temperature Ts -55 +150 °C Supply Voltage Vcc -0.3 +4.0 V Input Voltage Vin -0.3 Vdd+0.5 V Output Voltage Vout -0.3 Vdd+0.5 V Lead Temperature (soldering 10 seconds maximum) Tl -55 +220 °C Note : Stress above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings conditions for extended period, adversely affect device life and reliability 5.2 General Operation Conditions Description SYM Ta Vdd Operating Temperature Supply Voltage Min 0 +3.0 Max +70 +3.6 Units °C V 5.3 DC Characteristics (Vdd=3.0V to 3.6V, Vss=0V, Ta=0°C to 70°C) Description Low Input Voltage High Input Voltage Low Output Voltage High Output Voltage Input Leakage Current 1 (Note 1) Input Leakage Current 2 (Note 2) Output Leakage Current Description Power Consumption SYM Pc SYM Vil Vih Vol Voh Iil1 Iil1 Iol Min Vss-0.3 2 Min Tpy TBD Max 0.8 Vdd+0.5 0.4 2.4 10 500 10 Units V V V V uA uA uA Max Units mA Note : 1. All the input pins without pull low or pull high. 2. Those pins had been pull low or pull high. 16 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4 AC specifications 5.4.1 LCLK Thigh LCLK Tr Tf Tlow Tcyc BMCLK Tod Symbol Tcyc Thigh Tlow Tr/Tf Tod Description Min CYCLE TIME CLK HIGH TIME CLK LOW TIME CLK SLEW RATE LCLK TO BMCLK OUT DELAY 6.64 6.64 1 Typ. 16.6 8.3 8.3 2 Max Typ. - Max - 9.96 9.96 4 Units ns ns ns ns ns 5.4.2 Reset Timing REF_CLK /RST Symbol Trst Description Min 10 Reset pulse width 17 Units REF_Clk ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4.3 RMII Interface Timing Tx & Rx T0 T1 REF_CLK T2 T3 T2 T3 TX_EN TXD CRS_DV RXD Symbol Description T0 REF_CLK Clock Cycle Time T1 REF_CLK Clock High Time T2 CRS_DV, RXD, TXEN and TXD data setup to REF_CLK rising edge T3 CRS_DV, RXD, TXEN and TXD data hold from REF_CLK rising edge 18 Min 19.998 7 4 2 Typ. 20 10 Max 20.002 13 Units ns ns ns ns ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4.4 MII Interface Timing Tx & Rx T0 T1 TXCLK T2 T2 T3 T3 TX_EN TXD Symbol T0 T1 T2 T3 Description TXCLK Cycle Time TXCLK High Time TX_EN Delay from TXCLK High TXD Delay from TXCLK High T4 Min 39.996 14 7.440 3.410 Typ. 40 20 Max 40.004 26 21.760 13.320 Units ns ns ns ns Min 39.996 14 40 10 Typ. 40 20 Max 40.004 26 160 - Units ns ns ns ns T5 RX_CLK CRS T6 RXDV T7 RXD RXER Symbol T4 T5 T6 T7 Description RX_CLK Clock Cycle Time RX_CLK Clock High Time CRS to RXDV Delay Requirement RXD or RXDV setup to RX_CLK rise time 19 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4.5 SSRAM Read Cycle Timing T1 BMCLK T2 BMA[16:0] T3 A1 /BMWR /BMOE T5 T4 BMD[7:0] D1 Symbol T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 Description Min 15 2.5 0.5 2 - Clock Cycle Time Address Bus Setup Time Address Bus Hold Time Clock to Output Invalid Clock to Output Valid 20 Max 6 Units ns ns ns ns ns ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4.6 SSRAM Write CycleTiming T1 BMCLK T2 T3 A1 BMA[16:0] /BMWR /BMOE T4 T5 BMD[7:0] Symbol T1 T2 T3 T4 T7 D1 Description Clock Cycle Time Address Bus Setup Time Address Bus Hold Time Write Data Setup Time Write Data Hold Time Min 15 2.5 0.5 2.5 0.5 21 Max - Units ns ns ns ns ns ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 5.4.7 LED DISPLAY T4 T1 LED_CK ------- ~ ~ -------- D0 D1 D2 .............. D22 D23 D0 D1 D2 T1 LED_CK T2 LED[1:0] Symbol T1 T2 T3 T4 D0 T3 D1 D2 D3 D15 … . Description LED_CK Clock Cycle Time Clock to Output Valid Clock to Output Invalid continuous 32 LED_CK Cycle Time Min Typ. 400 D0 Max 206.5 200 52.4 Units ns ns ns ms 5.4.8 LED Display After Reset /Reset T1 T2 T2 T2 T3 LED[1:0] Symbol Description T1 Repeater reset time T2 LED Blink Time After Reset T3 LED Dark Time Before Normal Display Min 1000 Typ. 838.4 419.2 22 Max Units ns ms ms ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY 6.0 PACKAGE INFORMATION A2 A1 L L1 D Hd He E pin 1 e b θ SYMBOL MILIMETER MIN. NOM MAX A1 0.05 0.25 0.5 A2 3.17 3.32 3.47 b 0.10 0.20 0.30 D 27.90 28.00 28.10 E 27.90 28.00 28.10 e 0.50 Hd 30.35 30.60 30.85 He 30.35 30.60 30.85 L 0.45 0.60 0.75 L1 θ 1.30 0 10 23 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY Appendix A: System Applications A.1 AX88615 as 5-port standalone SOHO switch AX88615 Switch Controller Quad RMII PHY Single PHY A.2 AX88615 for IP router application AX88615 Switch Controller Quad RMII PHY AX88195 or AX88196 Local CPU Bus MAC controller 24 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY A.3 AX88615 as backend of dual speed repeaters 10Mbps and 100Mbps Vertical cascade upto 4 stacks Buffer 10Mbps and 100Mbps horizontal cascade AX88873 #1 AX88873 #0 Repeater Controller Repeater Controller 2 Quad RMII PHY 2 Quad RMII PHY 10Mbps and 100Mbps horizontal Buffer AX88873 #1 AX88873 #0 Repeater Controller Repeater Controller 2 Quad RMII PHY 2 Quad RMII PHY AX88615 5-port Switch Controller Quad PHY Single PHY 10M Link 100M 25 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION CONFIDENTIAL AX88615P 5-Port 10/100Mb Switch Controller PRELIMINARY Appendix B: Design Note B.1 Using Station Management (STA) Connection There are two methods to get per port speed and duplex information in AX88615 . One way is by hardware pins such as SPEED0, SDUPLEX0, SPEED1, SDUPLEX1. Ax88615 also provides 2 pins (MDC and MDIO, STA – Station Management connection) to read PHY Auto Negotiation Remote Capability register to get current speed and duplex status. When use STA function, the connected PHY address settings must be fixed as follows: Port 0 0fh Port 1 10h Port 2 11h Port 3 12h Port 4 13h The corresponding option setting /RdPhy_En = 0 B.2 Using MII I/F connects to MAC Using MII interface to connect to MAC type device application for AX88615 is illustrated bellow. 3.3V 10K * 2 25MHz Clock STXEN1 BMA[10] SDUPLEX0 SCOL_SP0 COL STXEN0 CRS RX_DV RX_CLK RXD[3:0] RX_ER STXCLK0 STXD0[3:0] SCRS0 SRXDV0 SRXCLK0 SRXD0[3:0] TX_EN 10K TX_CLK TXD[3:0] TX_ER Gnd AX88615 / Switch AX88195 / MAC Note : 1. The MAC needs to run at fullduplex mode. 2. Care must be taken that the receive side has enough setup and/or hold time 3. Some kind of CPU with embbeded MAC can also refer to this example 26 ASIX ELECTRONICS CORPORATION