LINER LTM4614IVPBF Dual 4a per channel low vin dc/dc î¼module regulator Datasheet

LTM4614
Dual 4A per Channel
Low VIN DC/DC
µModule Regulator
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
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The LTM®4614 is a complete 4A dual output switching
mode DC/DC power supply. Included in the package are
the switching controllers, power FETs, inductors and all
support components. The dual 4A DC/DC converters
operate over an input voltage range of 2.375V to 5.5V.
The LTM4614 supports output voltages ranging from 0.8V
to 5V. The regulator output voltages are set by a single
resistor for each output. Only bulk input and output capacitors are needed to complete the design.
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Dual 4A Output Power Supply
Input Voltage Range: 2.375V to 5.5V
4A DC Typical, 5A Peak Output Current Each
0.8V Up to 5V Output Each, Parallelable
±2% Total DC Output Error (0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C)
Output Voltage Tracking
Up to 95% Efficiency
Programmable Soft-Start
Short-Circuit and Overtemperature Protection
Power Good Indicators
Small and Very Low Profile Package:
15mm × 15mm × 2.82mm
The low profile package (2.82mm) enables utilization of
unused space on the bottom of PC boards for high density
point of load regulation.
APPLICATIONS
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Additional features include overvoltage protection, foldback
overcurrent protection, thermal shutdown and programmable
soft-start. The power module is offered in a space saving
and thermally enhanced 15mm × 15mm × 2.82mm LGA
package. The LTM4614 is Pb-free and RoHS compliant.
Telecom and Networking Equipment
FPGA Power
SERDES and Other Low Noise Applications
L, LT, LTC, LTM, μModule, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks
of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective
owners. Protected by U.S. Patents including 5481178, 6580258, 6304066, 6127815, 6498466,
6611131, 6724174.
Different Combinations of Input and Output Voltages
NUMBER OF INPUTS
NUMBER OF OUTPUTS
IOUT(MAX)
2
2
4A, 4A
2 (Current Share,
Ex. 3.3V and 5V)
1
8A
1
2
4A, 4A
1
1
8A, see LTM4608A
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Efficiency vs Output Current
®
91
Dual Output 4A DC/DC μModule Regulator
VIN = 3.3V
89
VIN1
VOUT1
1.2V/4A
VOUT1
FB1
10μF
10k
100μF
LTM4614
VIN2
3.3V TO 5V
VIN2
VOUT2
1.5V/4A
VOUT2
5.76k
GND1
VOUT
1.5V
85
VOUT
1.2V
83
81
79
FB2
10μF
87
EFFICIENCY (%)
VIN1
3.3V TO 5V
100μF
77
GND2
75
4614 F01a
0
1
2
LOAD CURRENT (A)
3
4
4614 TA01b
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LTM4614
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PIN CONFIGURATION
(Note 1)
(See Pin Functions, Pin Configuration Table)
VIN1, VIN2, PGOOD1, PGOOD2 ..................... –0.3V to 6V
COMP1, COMP2, RUN/SS1, RUN/SS2
FB1, FB2,TRACK1, TRACK2 ........................ –0.3V to VIN
SW1, SW2, VOUT1, VOUT2 .............. –0.3V to (VIN + 0.3V)
Internal Operating Temperature Range
(Note 2)..................................................–40°C to 125°C
Junction Temperature ........................................... 125°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –55°C to 125°C
Body Temperature, Solder Reflow (Note 3) ........... 245°C
TOP VIEW
M
L
K
J
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
LGA PACKAGE
144-LEAD (15mm s 15mm s 2.8mm)
TJMAX = 125°C, θJC-BOT = 2-3°C/W, θJA = 15°C/W, θJC-TOP = 25°C/W, Weight = 1.61g
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH
TRAY
PART MARKING*
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
TEMPERATURE RANGE
LTM4614EV#PBF
LTM4614EV#PBF
LTM4614V
144-Lead (15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm) LGA
–40°C to 125°C
LTM4614IV#PBF
LTM4614IV#PBF
LTM4614V
144-Lead (15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm) LGA
–40°C to 125°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. *The temperature grade is identified by a label on the shipping container.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
This product is only offered in trays. For more information go to: http://www.linear.com/packaging/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full internal
operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 5V unless otherwise noted. Refer to Figure 1.
Specified as each channel (Note 6).
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
VIN(DC)
Input DC Voltage
VOUT(DC)
Output Voltage
CONDITIONS
CIN = 22μF, COUT = 100μF, RFB = 5.76k
VIN = 2.375V to 5.5V, IOUT = 0A to 4A (Note 5)
0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
MIN
l
2.375
l
1.460
1.45
1.6
TYP
V
1.49
1.49
1.508
1.512
V
V
2
2.3
V
12
mA
mA
μA
VIN(UVLO)
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold
IOUT = 0A
Input Inrush Current at Start-Up
IOUT = 0A, CIN = 22μF, COUT = 100μF, VOUT = 1.5V
VIN = 5.5V
0.35
IQ(VIN)
Input Supply Bias Current
VIN = 2.375V, VOUT = 1.5V, Switching Continuous
VIN = 5.5V, VOUT = 1.5V, Switching Continuous
Shutdown, RUN = 0, VIN = 5V
20
35
7
Input Supply Current
VIN = 2.375V, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 4A
VIN = 5.5V, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 4A
UNITS
5.5
IINRUSH(VIN)
IS(VIN)
MAX
3.15
1.35
A
A
A
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LTM4614
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full internal
operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. VIN = 5V unless otherwise noted. Refer to Figure 1.
Specified as each channel (Note 6).
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
IOUT(DC)
Output Continuous Current Range
VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 1.5V (Note 5)
ΔVOUT(LINE)
Line Regulation Accuracy
VOUT = 1.5V, VIN from 2.375V to 5.5V, IOUT = 0A
Load Regulation Accuracy
VOUT = 1.5V, 0A to 4A (Note 5), VIN = 2.375V to 5.5V
0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
TYP
MAX
4
A
l
0.1
0.3
%
l
0.7
1.2
1.25
1.5
%
%
0
UNITS
VOUT
ΔVOUT(LOAD)
VOUT
VOUT(AC)
Output Ripple Voltage
IOUT = 0A, COUT = 100μF (X5R)
VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.5V
12
fs
Output Ripple Voltage Frequency
IOUT = 4A, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.5V
1.25
MHz
COUT = 100μF, VOUT = 1.5V, RUN/SS = 10nF,
IOUT = 0A
VIN = 3.3V
VIN = 5V
20
20
mV
mV
COUT = 100μF, VOUT = 1.5V, IOUT = 1A Resistive Load,
TRACK = VIN and RUN/SS = Float
VIN = 5V
0.5
ms
ΔVOUT(START) Turn-On Overshoot
tSTART
Turn-On Time
mVP-P
ΔVOUT(LS)
Peak Deviation for Dynamic Load
Load: 0% to 50% to 0% of Full Load,
COUT = 100μF, VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.5V
25
mV
tSETTLE
Settling Time for Dynamic Load
Step
Load: 0% to 50% to 0% of Full Load,
VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.5V
10
μs
IOUT(PK)
Output Current Limit
COUT = 100μF
VIN = 5V, VOUT = 1.5V
8
A
VFB
Voltage at FB Pin
IOUT = 0A, VOUT = 1.5V
l
0.792
0.788
IFB
0.8
0.8
0.808
0.810
0.2
VRUN
RUN Pin On/Off Threshold
ITRACK
TRACK Pin Current
VTRACK(OFFSET) Offset Voltage
0.6
Resistor Between VOUT and FB Pins
ΔVPGOOD
PGOOD Range
RPGOOD
PGOOD Resistance
μA
0.9
0.2
TRACK = 0.4V
VTRACK(RANGE) Tracking Input Range
RFBHI
0.75
4.96
mV
0.8
4.99
5.025
±7.5
Open-Drain Pull-Down
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: The LTM4614E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
over the 0°C to 125°C internal operating temperature range. Specifications
over the –40°C to 125°C internal operating temperature range are assured
by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process
controls. The LTM4614I is guaranteed to meet specifications over the full
internal operating temperature range. Note that the maximum ambient
temperature is determined by specific operating conditions in conjunction
with board layout, the rated package thermal resistance and other
environmental factors.
V
μA
30
0
V
V
90
V
kΩ
%
150
Ω
Note 3: See Application Note 100.
Note 4: The IC has overtemperature protection that is intended to protect
the device during momentary overload conditions. Junction temperatures
will exceed 125°C when overtemperature is activated. Continuous
overtemperature activation can impair long-term reliability.
Note 5: See output current derating curves for different VIN, VOUT and TA.
Note 6: Two channels are tested separately and the specified test
conditions are applied to each channel.
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LTM4614
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Efficiency vs Output Current
VIN = 2.5V
Efficiency vs Output Current
VIN = 3.3V
95
95
90
90
90
85
80
65
0
1
85
80
VOUT = 2.5V
VOUT = 1.8V
VOUT = 1.5V
VOUT = 1.2V
VOUT = 0.8V
75
VOUT = 1.8V
VOUT = 1.5V
VOUT = 1.2V
VOUT = 0.8V
70
EFFICIENCY (%)
95
EFFICIENCY (%)
100
EFFICIENCY (%)
100
75
70
65
2
3
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
0
4
1
3.0
2.5
80
2
3
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
4
65
0
4
Load Transient Response
ILOAD
2A/DIV
ILOAD
2A/DIV
2.0
1
2
3
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
4614 G03
Load Transient Response
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.5V
VOUT = 1.8V
VOUT = 1.5V
VOUT = 1.2V
VOUT = 0.8V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 2.5V
VOUT = 1.8V
VOUT = 1.5V
VOUT = 1.2V
VOUT = 0.8V
75
4614 G02
Minimum Input Voltage
at 4A Load
3.5
85
70
4614 G01
VOUT (V)
Efficiency vs Output Current
VIN = 5V
VOUT
20mV/DIV
VOUT
20mV/DIV
1.5
1.0
VIN = 5V
20μs/DIV
VOUT = 1.2V
COUT = 100μF, 6.3V CERAMICS
0.5
0
VIN = 5V
20μs/DIV
VOUT = 1.5V
COUT = 100μF, 6.3V CERAMICS
4614 G05
4614 G06
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5
VIN (V)
4614 G04
Load Transient Response
Load Transient Response
Load Transient Response
ILOAD
2A/DIV
ILOAD
2A/DIV
VOUT
20mV/DIV
ILOAD
2A/DIV
VOUT
20mV/DIV
VOUT
20mV/DIV
20μs/DIV
VIN = 5V
VOUT = 1.8V
COUT = 100μF, 6.3V CERAMICS
4614 G07
VIN = 5V
20μs/DIV
VOUT = 2.5V
COUT = 100μF, 6.3V CERAMICS
4614 G08
VIN = 5V
20μs/DIV
VOUT = 3.3V
COUT = 100μF, 6.3V CERAMICS
4614 G09
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LTM4614
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Start-Up
VFB vs Temperature
Start-Up
806
VOUT
1V/DIV
804
VOUT
1V/DIV
VFB (mV)
802
IIN
1A/DIV
IIN
1A/DIV
800
798
VIN = 5V
200μs/DIV
VOUT = 2.5V
COUT = 100μF
NO LOAD
(0.01μF SOFT-START CAPACITOR)
4614 G10
VIN = 5V
200μs/DIV
VOUT = 2.5V
COUT = 100μF
4A LOAD
(0.01μF SOFT-START CAPACITOR)
4614 G11
796
794
–50
–25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
4614 G12
Short-Circuit Protection
1.5V Short, No Load
Current Limit Foldback
Short-Circuit Protection
1.5V Short, 4A Load
1.6
1.4
1.2
VOUT
0.5V/DIV
VOUT
0.5V/DIV
IIN
4A/DIV
IIN
1A/DIV
VOUT (V)
1.0
0.8
0.6
VOUT = 1.5V
VIN = 5V
0.2
VIN = 3.3V
VIN = 2.5V
0
4
5
3
0.4
7
6
OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
20μs/DIV
4614 G14
100μs/DIV
4614 G15
8
4614 G13
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LTM4614
PIN FUNCTIONS
VIN1, VIN2 (J1-J6, K1-K6); (C1-C6, D1-D6): Power Input
Pins. Apply input voltage between these pins and GND
pins. Recommend placing input decoupling capacitance
directly between VIN pins and GND pins.
VOUT1, VOUT2 (K9-K12, J9-J12, L9-L12, M9-M12); (C9-C12,
D9-D12, E9-E12, F9-F12): Power Output Pins. Apply output load between these pins and GND pins. Recommend
placing output decoupling capacitance directly between
these pins and GND pins. Review Table 4.
GND1, GND2, (G1-G12, H1, H7-H12, J7-J8, K7-K8, L1,
L7-L8, M1-M8); (A1-A12, B1, B7-B12, C7-C8, D7-D8,
E1, E7-E8, F1-F8): Power Ground Pins for Both Input
and Output Returns.
TRACK1, TRACK2 (L3, E3): Output Voltage Tracking Pins.
When the module is configured as a master output, then a
soft-start capacitor is placed on the RUN/SS pin to ground
to control the master ramp rate, or an external ramp can
be applied to the master regulator’s track pin to control it.
Slave operation is performed by putting a resistor divider
from the master output to the ground, and connecting the
center point of the divider to this pin on the slave regulator.
If tracking is not desired, then connect the TRACK pin to
VIN. Load current must be present for tracking. See Applications Information section.
FB1, FB2 (L6, E6): The Negative Input of the Switching
Regulators’ Error Amplifier. Internally, these pins are connected to VOUT with a 4.99k precision resistor. Different
output voltages can be programmed with an additional
resistor between the FB and GND pins. Two power modules
can current share when this pin is connected in parallel
with the adjacent module’s FB pin. See Applications Information section.
COMP1, COMP2 (L5, E5): Current Control Threshold
and Error Amplifier Compensation Point. The current
comparator threshold increases with this control voltage.
Two power modules can current share when this pin is
connected in parallel with the adjacent module’s COMP
pin. Each channel has been internally compensated. See
Applications Information section.
PGOOD1, PGOOD2 (L4, E4): Output Voltage Power
Good Indicator. Open-drain logic output that is pulled to
ground when the output voltage is not within ±7.5% of
the regulation point.
RUN/SS1, RUN/SS2 (L2, E2): Run Control and Soft-Start
Pin. A voltage above 0.8V will turn on the module, and below
0.5V will turn off the module. This pin has a 1M resistor
to VIN and a 1000pF capacitor to GND. See Applications
Information section for soft-start information.
SW1, SW2 (H2-H6, B2-B6): The switching node of the
circuit is used for testing purposes. This can be connected to
copper on the board for improved thermal performance.
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LTM4614
SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM
VIN
PGOOD
RUN/SS
TRACK
SUPPLY
4.99k
TRACK
5.76k
4.7μF
6.3V
RSS
1M
CSS
1000pF
CSSEXT
VIN
22μF 2.375V TO 5.5V
6.3V
M1
CONTROL, DRIVE
POWER FETS
M2
COMP
L
VOUT
1.5V
4A
VOUT
C2
470pF
4.7μF
6.3V
100μF
X5R
R1
4.99k
INTERNAL
COMP
GND
FB
SW
4614 F01
RFB
5.76k
Figure 1. Simplified LTM4614 Block Diagram of Each Switching Regulator Channel
DECOUPLING REQUIREMENTS
TA = 25°C. Use Figure 1 configuration for each channel.
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
CIN
External Input Capacitor Requirement
(VIN = 2.375V to 5.5V, VOUT = 1.5V)
IOUT = 4A
MIN
22
COUT
External Output Capacitor Requirement
(VIN = 2.375V to 5.5V, VOUT = 1.5V)
IOUT = 4A
66
TYP
MAX
UNITS
μF
100
μF
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LTM4614
OPERATION
LTM4614 POWER MODULE DESCRIPTION
The LTM4614 is a standalone dual nonisolated switching
mode DC/DC power supply. It can deliver up to 4A of DC
output current for each channel with few external input
and output capacitors. This module provides two precisely
regulated output voltages programmable via one external
resistor for each channel from 0.8V DC to 5V DC over
a 2.375V to 5.5V input voltage. The typical application
schematic is shown in Figure 12.
The LTM4614 has two integrated constant frequency current mode regulators, with built-in power MOSFETs with
fast switching speed. The typical switching frequency is
1.25MHz. With current mode control and internal feedback
loop compensation, these switching regulators have sufficient stability margins and good transient performance
under a wide range of operating conditions, and with a
wide range of output capacitors, even all ceramic output
capacitors.
Current mode control provides cycle-by-cycle fast current limit. Besides, current limiting is provided in an
overcurrent condition with thermal shutdown. In addition,
internal overvoltage and undervoltage comparators pull the
open-drain PGOOD outputs low if the particular output
feedback voltage exits a ±7.5% window around the regulation point. Furthermore, in an overvoltage condition,
internal top FET, M1, is turned off and bottom FET, M2,
is turned on and held on until the overvoltage condition
clears, or current limit is exceeded.
Pulling each specific RUN pin below 0.8V forces the specific regulator controller into its shutdown state, turning
off both M1 and M2 for each power stage. At low load
current, each regulator works in continuous current mode
by default to achieve minimum output voltage ripple.
The TRACK/SS pins are used for power supply tracking
and soft-start programming for each specific regulator.
See Applications Information section.
The LTM4614 is internally compensated to be stable over
the operating conditions. Table 4 provides a guideline for
input and output capacitance for several operating conditions. The Linear Technology μModule Power Design Tool
will be provided for transient and stability analysis.
The FB pins are used to program the specific output voltage with a single resistor to ground.
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LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Dual Switching Regulator
A typical LTM4614 application circuit is shown in Figure 12.
External component selection is primarily determined by
the maximum load current and output voltage. Refer to
Table 4 for specific external capacitor requirements for a
particular application.
VIN to VOUT Step-Down Ratios
There are restrictions in the maximum VIN and VOUT stepdown ratio than can be achieved for a given input voltage
on the two switching regulators. The LTM4614 is 100%
duty cycle, but the VIN to VOUT minimum dropout will be
a function the load current. A typical 0.5V minimum is
sufficient.
Output Voltage Programming
Each regulator channel has an internal 0.8V reference
voltage. As shown in the Block Diagram, a 4.99k internal
feedback resistor connects the VOUT and FB pins together.
The output voltage will default to 0.8V with no feedback
resistor. Adding a resistor RFB from the FB pin to GND
programs the output voltage:
VOUT = 0.8V •
4.99k + RFB
RFB
For a buck converter, the switching duty cycle can be
estimated as:
D=
VOUT
VIN
Without considering the inductor current ripple, the RMS
current of the input capacitor can be estimated as:
ICIN(RMS) =
IOUT(MAX)
η%
• D • (1– D)
In the above equation, η% is the estimated efficiency of
the power module. The bulk capacitor can be a switcherrated electrolytic aluminum OS-CON capacitor for bulk
input capacitance due to high inductance traces or leads.
If a low inductance plane is used to power the device,
then no input capacitance is required. The internal 4.7μF
ceramics on each channel input are typically rated for 1A of
RMS ripple current up to 85°C operation. The worst-case
ripple current for the 4A maximum current is 2A or less.
An additional 10μF or 22μF ceramic capacitor can be used
to supplement the internal capacitor with an additional 1A
to 2A ripple current rating.
Output Capacitors
Table 1. FB Resistor Table vs Various Output Voltages
VOUT
0.8V
1.2V
1.5V
1.8V
2.5V
3.3V
RFB
Open
10k
5.76k
3.92k
2.37k
1.62k
Input Capacitors
The LTM4614 module should be connected to a low AC
impedance DC source. One 4.7μF ceramic capacitor is
included inside the module for each regulator channel.
Additional input capacitors are needed if a large load step
is required up to the full 4A level and for RMS ripple current requirements. A 47μF bulk capacitor can be used for
more input bulk capacitance. This 47μF capacitor is only
needed if the input source impedance is compromised by
long inductive leads or traces.
The LTM4614 switchers are designed for low output voltage ripple on each channel. The bulk output capacitors are
chosen with low enough effective series resistance (ESR)
to meet the output voltage ripple and transient requirements. The output capacitors can be a low ESR tantalum
capacitor, low ESR polymer capacitor or ceramic capacitor.
The typical output capacitance range is 66μF to 100μF.
Additional output filtering may be required by the system
designer, if further reduction of output ripple or dynamic
transient spike is required. Table 4 shows a matrix of different output voltages and output capacitors to minimize
the voltage droop and overshoot during a 2A/μs transient.
The table optimizes total equivalent ESR and total bulk
capacitance to maximize transient performance.
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LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Fault Conditions: Current Limit and Overcurrent
Foldback
The LTM4614 has current mode control, which inherently limits the cycle-by-cycle inductor current not only
in steady-state operation, but also in transient.
Along with foldback current limiting in the event of an
overload condition, the LTM4614 has overtemperature
shutdown protection that inhibits switching operation
around 150°C for each channel.
Run Enable and Soft-Start
The RUN/SS pins provide a dual function of enable and
soft-start control for each channel. The RUN/SS pins are
used to control turn on of the LTM4614. While each enable
pin is below 0.5V, the LTM4614 will be in a low quiescent
current state. At least a 0.8V level applied to the enable
pins will turn on the LTM4614 regulators. This pin can be
used to sequence the regulator channels. The soft-start
control is provided by a 1M pull-up resistor (RSS) and a
1000pF capacitor (CSS) as drawn in the Block Diagram for
each channel. An external capacitor can be applied to the
RUN/SS pin to increase the soft-start time. A typical value
is 0.01μF. The approximate equation for soft-start:
where RSS and CSS are shown in the Block Diagram of
Figure 1, and 1.8V is the soft-start upper range. The
soft-start function can also be used to control the output
ramp-up time, so that another regulator can be easily
tracked to it.
Output Voltage Tracking
Output voltage tracking can be programmed externally
using the TRACK pins. Either output can be tracked up
or down with another regulator. The master regulator’s
output is divided down with an external resistor divider
that is the same as the slave regulator’s feedback divider to
implement coincident tracking. The LTM4614 uses a very
accurate 4.99k resistor for the internal top feedback resistor.
Figure 2 shows an example of coincident tracking.
Equations:
⎛
⎞
RFB1
• Master
TRACK1= ⎜
⎝ 4.99k + RFB1 ⎟⎠
⎛ 4.99k ⎞
Slave = ⎜ 1+
• TRACK1
RFB1 ⎟⎠
⎝
⎛
VIN ⎞
t SOFTSTART =In ⎜
• RSS • CSS
⎝ VIN – 1.8V ⎟⎠
VIN 3V TO 5.5V
C1
22μF
6.3V
PGOOD1
R3
10k
1.2V
4A
C2
22μF
6.3V
VIN1
PGOOD1
PGOOD2
VOUT1
C3
100μF
6.3V
FB1
RTB
4.99k
C4
22μF
6.3V 1.5V
RFB1
10k
RTA
10k
PGOOD2
VIN2
R4
10k
1.5V
4A
VOUT2
LTM4614
FB2
COMP1
COMP2
TRACK1
TRACK2
RUN/SS1
GND1
RUN/SS2
GND2
VIN OR
CONTROL
RAMP
C7
100μF
6.3V
RFB2
5.76k
C9
22μF
6.3V
CSSEXT1
4614 F02
Figure 2. Dual Outputs (1.5V and 1.2V) with Tracking
4614fa
10
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
TRACK1 is the track ramp applied to the slave’s track pin.
TRACK1 applies the track reference for the slave output up
to the point of the programmed value at which TRACK1
proceeds beyond the 0.8V reference value. The TRACK1
pin must go beyond the 0.8V to ensure the slave output
has reached its final value.
Ratiometric tracking can be achieved by a few simple
calculations and the slew rate value applied to the master’s
TRACK pin. As mentioned above, the TRACK pin has a
control range from 0V to 0.8V. The control ramp slew rate
applied to the master’s TRACK pin is directly equal to the
master’s output slew rate in Volts/Time.
The equation:
MR
• 4.99k = R TB
SR
where MR is the master’s output slew rate and SR is the
slave’s output slew rate in Volts/Time. When coincident
tracking is desired, then MR and SR are equal, thus RTB
is equal to 4.99k. RTA is derived from equation:
R TA =
0.8V
V
VFB
V
+ FB – TRACK
4.99k RFB
R TB
feedback resistor of the slave regulator in equal slew rate
or coincident tracking, then RTA is equal to RFB with VFB =
VTRACK. Therefore RTB = 4.99k and RTA = 10k in Figure 2.
Figure 3 shows the output voltage tracking waveform for
coincident tracking.
In ratiometric tracking, a different slew rate maybe desired
for the slave regulator. RTB can be solved for when SR is
slower than MR. Make sure that the slave supply slew rate
is chosen to be fast enough so that the slave output voltage
will reach it final value before the master output.
For example, MR = 2.5V/ms and SR = 1.8V/1ms. Then
RTB = 6.98k. Solve for RTA to equal to 3.24k. The master
output must be greater than the slave output for the
tracking to work. Output load current must be present
for tracking to operate properly during power down.
Power Good
PGOOD1 and PGOOD2 are open-drain pins that can be
used to monitor valid output voltage regulation. These pins
monitor a ±7.5% window around the regulation point.
COMP Pin
where VFB is the feedback voltage reference of the regulator, and VTRACK is 0.8V. Since RTB is equal to the 4.99k top
This pin is the external compensation pin. The module has
already been internally compensated for all output voltages.
Table 4 is provided for most application requirements.
The Linear Technology μModule Power Design Tool will
be provided for other control loop optimization.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
MASTER OUTPUT
SLAVE OUTPUT
TIME
4614 F03
Figure 3. Output Voltage Coincident Tracking
4614fa
11
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Parallel Switching Regulator Operation
The LTM4614 switching regulators are inherently current
mode control. Paralleling will have very good current
sharing. This will balance the thermals on the design.
Figure 13 shows a schematic of a parallel design. The
voltage feedback equation changes with the variable N
as channels are paralleled.
The equation:
4.99k
+ RFB
VOUT = 0.8V • N
RFB
N is the number of paralleled channels.
Thermal Considerations and Output Current Derating
The power loss curves in Figures 5 and 6 can be used
in coordination with the load current de-rating curves in
Figures 7 to 10 for calculating an approximate θJA thermal
resistance for the LTM4614 with various heat sinking
and airflow conditions. Both of the LTM4614 outputs
are at full 4A load current, and the power loss curves in
Figures 5 and 6 are combine power losses plotted for both
output voltages up to 4A each. The 4A output voltages are
1.2V and 3.3V. These voltages are chosen to include the
lower and higher output voltage ranges for correlating
the thermal resistance. Thermal models are derived from
several temperature measurements in a controlled temperature chamber along with thermal modeling analysis.
The junction temperatures are monitored while ambient
temperature is increased with and without airflow. The
junctions are maintained at ~120°C while lowering output
current or power while increasing ambient temperature.
The 120°C is chosen to allow for a 5°C margin window
relative to the maximum 125°C. The decreased output
current will decrease the internal module loss as ambient temperature is increased. The power loss curves in
Figures 5 and 6 show this amount of power loss as a
function of load current that is specified for both channels The monitored junction temperature of 120°C minus
the ambient operating temperature specifies how much
2.5
3.0
2.5
POWER LOSS (W)
POWER LOSS (W)
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
VIN = 5V
0
1
2
LOAD CURRENT (A)
3
4
0
VIN = 5V
0
1
2
3
LOAD CURRENT (A)
4614 F05
Figure 5. 1.2V Power Loss
4
4614 F06
Figure 6. 3.3V Power Loss
4614fa
12
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
heat sinking. The combine power loss for the two 4A
outputs can be summed together and multiplied by the
thermal resistance values in Tables 2 and 3 for module
temperature rise under the specified conditions. The
printed circuit board is a 1.6mm thick four layer board
with 2 ounce copper for the two outer layers and 1 ounce
copper for the two inner layers. The PCB dimensions are
95mm × 76mm. The data sheet list the θJP (junction to
pin) and θJC (junction to case) thermal resistances under
the Pin Configuration diagram.
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
LOAD CURRENT (A)
LOAD CURRENT (A)
module temperature rise can be allowed. As an example in
Figure 7 the load current is de-rated to 3A for each channel with 0LFM at ~ 90°C and the power loss for both
channels at 5V to 1.2V at 3A output are ~1.5 watts. If the
90°C ambient temperature is subtracted from the 120°C
maximum junction temperature, then the difference of
30°C divided 1.5W equals a 20°C/W thermal resistance.
Table 2 specifies a 15°C/W value which is close. Table 2
and Table 3 provide equivalent thermal resistances for
1.2V and 3.3V outputs with and without air flow and
200LFM NO HEAT SINK
3.0
2.5
400LFM NO HEAT SINK
2.0
1.5
0LFM NO HEAT SINK
3.0
400LFM HEAT SINK
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0
0
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 110 120
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.5
LOAD CURRENT (A)
LOAD CURRENT (A)
50
3.0
200LFM NO HEAT SINK
2.5
400LFM NO HEAT SINK
1.5
0LFM NO HEAT SINK
60
70
80
90
100 110 120
4614 F08
Figure 8. 1.2V Heat Sink (VIN = 5V)
4.0
3.0
400LFM HEAT SINK
2.5
200LFM HEAT SINK
2.0
0LFM HEAT SINK
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
40
4614 F07
4.5
1.0
0LFM HEAT SINK
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7. 1.2V No Heat Sink (VIN = 5V)
2.0
200LFM HEAT SINK
2.5
0.5
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 110 120
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
4614 F09
Figure 9. 3.3V No Heat Sink (VIN = 5V)
0
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 110 120
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
4614 F10
Figure 10. 3.3V Heat Sink (VIN = 5V)
4614fa
13
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Table 2. 1.2V Output
VIN (V)
POWER LOSS CURVE
AIRFLOW (LFM)
HEAT SINK
θJA (°C/W)
Figure 7
5
Figure 5
0
None
15
Figure 7
5
Figure 5
200
None
12
Figure 7
5
Figure 5
400
None
10
Figure 8
5
Figure 5
0
BGA Heat Sink
12
Figure 8
5
Figure 5
200
BGA Heat Sink
9
Figure 8
5
Figure 5
400
BGA Heat Sink
7
DERATING CURVE
Table 3. 3.3V Output
VIN (V)
POWER LOSS CURVE
AIRFLOW (LFM)
HEAT SINK
θJA (°C/W)
Figure 9
5
Figure 6
0
None
15
Figure 9
5
Figure 6
200
None
12
Figure 9
5
Figure 6
400
None
10
Figure 10
5
Figure 6
0
BGA Heat Sink
12
Figure 10
5
Figure 6
200
BGA Heat Sink
9
Figure 10
5
Figure 6
400
BGA Heat Sink
7
DERATING CURVE
HEAT SINK MANUFACTURER
PART NUMBER
PHONE NUMBER
Aavid
375424b00034G
603-635-2800
4614fa
14
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Safety Considerations
• Place high frequency ceramic input and output capacitors next to the VIN, GND and VOUT pins to minimize
high frequency noise.
The LTM4614 modules do not provide isolation from VIN to
VOUT. There is no internal fuse. If required, a slow blow fuse
with a rating twice the maximum input current needs to be
provided to protect each unit from catastrophic failure.
• Place a dedicated power ground layer underneath the
unit.
• To minimize the via conduction loss and reduce module
thermal stress, use multiple vias for interconnection
between the top layer and other power layers.
Layout Checklist/Example
The high integration of LTM4614 makes the PCB board
layout very simple and easy. However, to optimize its electrical and thermal performance, some layout considerations
are still necessary.
• Do not put via directly on pads unless the via is
capped.
Figure 11 gives a good example of the recommended
layout.
• Use large PCB copper areas for high current path,
including VIN, GND and VOUT. It helps to minimize the
PCB conduction loss and thermal stress.
I/O PINS
GND1
GND1
VOUT1
M
VOUT1
CIN1 L
VIN1
GND1
COUT1 COUT2
K
J
H
GND1
G
F
GND2
VIN2
VOUT2
CIN2 E
COUT3 COUT4
D
C
B
GND2
A
1
2
3
4
GND2
5
6
7
I/O PINS
8
9
GND2
10 11 12
GND2
4614 F11
Figure 11. Recommended PCB Layout
4614fa
15
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
VIN 2.375V TO 5.5V
C2
22μF
6.3V
X5R OR X7R
C1
22μF
6.3V
VIN1
VIN2
PGOOD1
1V
4A
PGOOD2
VOUT1
+
C3
470μF
FB1
C4
100μF
6.3V
R1
20k
VIN
1.2V
4A
VOUT2
FB2
LTM4614
COMP1
COMP2
TRACK1
TRACK2
RUN/SS1
GND1
RUN/SS2
GND2
R2
10k
VIN
C5
100μF
6.3V
C6
22μF
6.3V
CSSEXT1
0.1μF
4614 F12
Figure 12. Typical 2.375VIN to 5.5VIN, 1.2V and 1V at 4A
Table 4. Output Voltage Response vs Component Matrix (Refer to Figure 12) 0A to 2.5A Load Step Typical Measured Values
COUT1 AND COUT2 CERAMIC VENDORS
VALUE
PART NUMBER
COUT1 AND COUT2 BULK VENDORS VALUE
PART NUMBER
TDK
22μF 6.3V
C3216X7SOJ226M
Sanyo POSCAP
10TPD150M
Murata
22μF 16V
GRM31CR61C226KE15L
Sanyo POSCAP
220μF 4V
4TPE220MF
TDK
100μF 6.3V
C4532X5R0J107MZ
CIN BULK VENDORS
VALUE
PART NUMBER
Murata
100μF 6.3V
GRM32ER60J107M
Sanyo POSCAP
100μF 10V
10CE100FH
VOUT
CIN
CIN
COUT1 AND COUT2 COUT1 AND COUT2
(V)
(CER) EACH
(POSCAP) EACH
(CERAMIC) (BULK)*
1.2
100μF
None
10μF ×2
100μF, 22μF ×2
1.2
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
1.2
100μF
None
10μF ×2
100μF, 22μF ×2
1.2
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
1.5
100μF
None
10μF ×2
100μF, 22μF ×2
1.5
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
1.5
100μF
None
10μF ×2
100μF, 22μF ×2
1.5
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
1.8
100μF
None
10μF ×2
100μF, 22μF ×2
1.8
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
1.8
100μF
220μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
None
None
2.5
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
2.5
100μF
150μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
2.5
100μF
150μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
3.3
100μF
150μF
10μF ×2
22μF ×1
*Bulk capacitance is optional if VIN has very low input impedance.
ITH
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
VIN
(V)
5
5
3.3
3.3
5
5
3.3
3.3
5
5
3.3
5
5
3.3
5
DROOP PEAK-TO-PEAK
(mV)
DEVIATION
33
68
25
50
33
68
25
50
30
60
28
60
30
60
27
56
34
68
30
60
30
60
50
90
33
60
50
95
50
90
150μF 10V
RECOVERY
TIME (μs)
11
9
8
10
11
11
10
10
12
12
12
10
10
12
12
LOAD STEP
(A/μs)
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
RFB
(kΩ)
10
10
10
10
5.76
5.76
5.76
5.76
3.92
3.92
3.92
3.09
3.09
3.09
1.62
4614fa
16
LTM4614
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
VIN 3V TO 5.5V
C2
22μF
6.3V
X5R OR X7R
C1
22μF
6.3V
R2
5k
VIN1
PGOOD
VIN2
PGOOD1
PGOOD2
VOUT1
FB1
C4
100μF
6.3V
VIN
C5
100μF
6.3V
X5R OR X7R
COMP2
TRACK1
VIN
TRACK2
RUN/SS1
GND1
CSSEXT1
0.01μF
FB2
LTM4614
COMP1
R1
4.99k
1.2V
8A
VOUT2
RUN/SS2
GND2
4614 F13
Figure 13. LTM4614 Parallel 1.2V at 8A Design (Also, See the LTM4608A)
VIN 2.375V TO 5.5V
C1
22μF
6.3V
X5R OR X7R
C2
22μF
6.3V
X5R OR X7R
R3
10k
VIN1
PGOOD1
1.8V
4A
PGOOD2
VOUT1
FB1
C4
22μF
6.3V
C3
100μF
6.3V
R1
4.02k
VIN
CSSEXT
0.01μF
X5R OR X7R
REFER TO TABLE 4
R4
10k
VIN2
1.5V
4A
VOUT2
LTM4614
FB2
COMP2
TRACK1
TRACK2
4.99k
RUN/SS2
GND2
5.76k
RUN/SS1
GND1
C5
22μF
6.3V
1.8V
COMP1
C6
100μF
6.3V
R2
5.76k
X5R OR X7R
REFER TO TABLE 4
4614 F14
Figure 14. 1.8V and 1.5V at 4A with Output Voltage Tracking Design
4614fa
17
6.9850
5.7150
4.4450
3.1750
1.9050
0.6350
0.0000
0.6350
1.9050
3.1750
4.4450
5.7150
6.9850
4
PAD 1
CORNER
15
BSC
PACKAGE TOP VIEW
3.1750
SUGGESTED PCB LAYOUT
TOP VIEW
1.9050
aaa Z
0.6350
0.0000
0.6350
X
15
BSC
Y
DETAIL B
2.72 – 2.92
DETAILS OF PAD #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL,
BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED.
THE PAD #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR
MARKED FEATURE
LAND DESIGNATION PER JESD MO-222, SPP-010
SYMBOL TOLERANCE
0.10
aaa
0.10
bbb
eee
0.05
6. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PADS: 144
5. PRIMARY DATUM -Z- IS SEATING PLANE
4
3
2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
3
12
11
TRAY PIN 1
BEVEL
COMPONENT
PIN “A1”
PADS
SEE NOTES
1.27
BSC
13.97
BSC
0.12 – 0.28
NOTES:
1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M-1994
DETAIL A
0.27 – 0.37
SUBSTRATE
eee S X Y
DETAIL B
MOLD
CAP
0.630 ±0.025 SQ. 143x
aaa Z
2.45 – 2.55
bbb Z
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1816 Rev A)
Z
18
1.9050
LGA Package
144-Lead (15mm × 15mm × 2.82mm)
10
7
6
5
LTMXXXXXX
mModule
PACKAGE BOTTOM VIEW
8
13.97
BSC
4
3
2
LGA 144 0308 REV A
1
DETAIL A
PACKAGE IN TRAY LOADING ORIENTATION
9
3x, C (0.22 x45°)
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
DIA 0.630
PAD 1
LTM4614
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
4614fa
6.9850
5.7150
4.4450
3.1750
4.4450
5.7150
6.9850
LTM4614
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
LTM4614 Component LGA Pinout
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
A1
GND2
B1
GND2
C1
VIN2
D1
VIN2
E1
GND2
F1
GND2
A2
GND2
B2
SW2
C2
VIN2
D2
VIN2
E2
RUN/SS2
F2
GND2
A3
GND2
B3
SW2
C3
VIN2
D3
VIN2
E3
TRACK2
F3
GND2
A4
GND2
B4
SW2
C4
VIN2
D4
VIN2
E4
PGOOD2
F4
GND2
A5
GND2
B5
SW2
C5
VIN2
D5
VIN2
E5
COMP2
F5
GND2
A6
GND2
B6
SW2
C6
VIN2
D6
VIN2
E6
FB2
F6
GND2
A7
GND2
B7
GND2
C7
GND2
D7
GND2
E7
GND2
F7
GND2
A8
GND2
B8
GND2
C8
GND2
D8
GND2
E8
GND2
F8
GND2
A9
GND2
B9
GND2
C9
VOUT2
D9
VOUT2
E9
VOUT2
F9
VOUT2
A10
GND2
B10
GND2
C10
VOUT2
D10
VOUT2
E10
VOUT2
F10
VOUT2
A11
GND2
B11
GND2
C11
VOUT2
D11
VOUT2
E11
VOUT2
F11
VOUT2
A12
GND2
B12
GND2
C12
VOUT2
D12
VOUT2
E12
VOUT2
F12
VOUT2
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
PIN ID
FUNCTION
G1
GND1
H1
GND1
J1
VIN1
K1
VIN1
L1
GND1
M1
GND1
G2
GND1
H2
SW1
J2
VIN1
K2
VIN1
L2
RUN/SS1
M2
GND1
G3
GND1
H3
SW1
J3
VIN1
K3
VIN1
L3
TRACK1
M3
GND1
G4
GND1
H4
SW1
J4
VIN1
K4
VIN1
L4
PGOOD1
M4
GND1
G5
GND1
H5
SW1
J5
VIN1
K5
VIN1
L5
COMP1
M5
GND1
G6
GND1
H6
SW1
J6
VIN1
K6
VIN1
L6
FB1
M6
GND1
G7
GND1
H7
GND1
J7
GND1
K7
GND1
L7
GND1
M7
GND1
G8
GND1
H8
GND1
J8
GND1
K8
GND1
L8
GND1
M8
GND1
G9
GND1
H9
GND1
J9
VOUT1
K9
VOUT1
L9
VOUT1
M9
VOUT1
G10
GND1
H10
GND1
J10
VOUT1
K10
VOUT1
L10
VOUT1
M10
VOUT1
G11
GND1
H11
GND1
J11
VOUT1
K11
VOUT1
L11
VOUT1
M11
VOUT1
G12
GND1
H12
GND1
J12
VOUT1
K12
VOUT1
L12
VOUT1
M12
VOUT1
4614fa
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
19
LTM4614
PACKAGE PHOTOGRAPH
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Pin Compatible with the LTM4600, LGA Package
LTM4603
6A DC/DC μModule with PLL and Output Tracking/
Margining and Remote Sensing
Synchronizable, PolyPhase Operation, LTM4603-1 Version Has No
Remote Sensing, Pin Compatible with the LTM4601, LGA Package
LTM4604A
Low VIN 4A DC/DC μModule
2.375V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 5V, 9mm × 15mm × 2.3mm
LGA Package
LTM4605
5A to 12A Buck-Boost μModule
4.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 20V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 16V, 15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
LTM4607
5A to 12A Buck-Boost μModule
4.5V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 25V, 15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
LTM4608A
Low VIN 8A DC/DC Step-Down μModule
2.7V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, 0.6V ≤ VOUT ≤ 5V, 9mm × 15mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
LTM4615
Triple Low VIN DC/DC μModule
Two 4A Outputs and One 1.5A Output; 15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm
LTM4616
Dual 8A DC/DC μModule
Current Share Inputs or Outputs; 15mm × 15mm × 2.8mm
LTM8020
High VIN 0.2A DC/DC Step-Down μModule
4V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 1.25V ≤ VOUT ≤ 5V, 6.25mm × 6.25mm × 2.3mm
LGA Package
LTM8021
High VIN 0.5A DC/DC Step-Down μModule
3V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 0.4V ≤ VOUT ≤ 5V, 6.25mm × 11.25mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
LTM8022
High VIN 1A DC/DC Step-Down μModule
3.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 10V, 11.25mm × 9mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
LTM8023
High VIN 2A DC/DC Step-Down μModule
3.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 10V, 11.25mm × 9mm × 2.8mm
LGA Package
PolyPhase is a registered trademark of Linear Technology Corporation.
4614fa
20 Linear Technology Corporation
LT 0809 REV A • PRINTED IN USA
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507
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