Catalyst CAT3636 6-channel quad-modetm fractional led driver in tqfn3x3 Datasheet

CAT3636
6-Channel Quad-ModeTM Fractional LED Driver in TQFN3x3
FEATURES
DESCRIPTION
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The CAT3636 is a high efficiency quad-mode fractional
charge pump that can drive up to six LEDs
programmable by a one wire digital interface. The
inclusion of a 1.33x fractional charge pump mode
increases device efficiency by up to 10% over traditional
1.5x charge pumps with no added external capacitors.
High efficiency 1.33x charge pump
Quad-mode charge pump: 1x, 1.33x, 1.5x, 2x
Drives up to 6 LEDs at 32mA each
1-wire EZDimTM LED current programming
Power efficiency up to 92%
Low noise input ripple in all modes
“Zero” current shutdown mode
Soft start and current limiting
Short circuit protection
Thermal shutdown protection
Tiny 3mm x 3mm, 16-lead TQFN package
APPLICATIONS
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LCD Display Backlight
Color RGB LEDs
Cellular Phones
Digital Still Cameras
Handheld Devices
Low noise input ripple is achieved by operating at a
constant switching frequency which allows the use of
small external ceramic capacitors. The multi-fractional
charge pump supports a wide range of input voltages
from 2.5V to 5.5V.
The EN/SET logic input functions as a chip enable and a
“1-wire” addressable interface for control and current
setting of all LEDs. Three groups of two LEDs can be
configured with independent LED currents between
0.25mA and 32mA.
The device is available in a tiny 16-lead TQFN 3mm x
3mm package with a max height of 0.8mm.
Catalyst Semiconductor’s Quad-ModeTM 1.33x charge
pump switching architecture is patented.
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number
CAT3636HV3-T2
Package
TQFN-16 (1)
Quantity
per Reel
2000
Package
Marking
JAAA
CAT3636HV3-GT2
TQFN-16 (2)
2000
JAAR
For Ordering Information details, see page 15.
Notes: (1) Matte-Tin Plated Finish (RoHS-compliant)
(2) NiPdAu Plated Finish (RoHS-compliant).
PIN CONFIGURATION
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
1
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter
VIN, LEDx, C1±, C2± voltage
VOUT Voltage
EN/SET Voltage
Storage Temperature Range
Junction Temperature Range (1)
Lead Temperature
Rating
6
7
VIN + 0.7V
-65 to +160
-40 to +150
300
Unit
V
V
V
°C
°C
°C
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter
VIN
Ambient Temperature Range (1)
ILED per LED pin
Total Output Current
Range
2.5 to 5.5
-40 to +85
0 to 32
0 to 192
Unit
V
°C
mA
mA
Note:
(1) Package thermal resistance is below 50°C/W when mounted on FR4 board.
Typical application circuit with external components is shown on page 1.
ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
(over recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise) VIN = 3.6V, EN = High, TAMB = 25°C
Symbol
IQ
Name
Quiescent Current
IQSHDN
ILED-ACC
Shutdown Current
LED Current Accuracy
ILED-DEV
LED Channel Matching
ROUT
Output Resistance (open loop)
FOSC
Charge Pump Frequency
ISC_MAX
LEDTH
VHYS
TDF
IIN_MAX
REN/DIM
VHI
VLO
TSD
THYS
VUVLO
Output short circuit Current Limit
1x to 1.33x or 1.33x to 1.5x or
1.5x to 2x Transition Thresholds at any
LEDxx pin
1.33x to 1x Transition Hysteresis
Transition Filter Delay
Input Current Limit
EN/DIM Pin
• Internal Pull-down Resistor
• Logic High Level
• Logic Low Level
Thermal Shutdown
Thermal Hysteresis
Undervoltage lockout (UVLO) threshold
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
Conditions
1x mode, VIN = 4.2V
1.33 x mode, VIN = 3.3V
1.5x mode, VIN = 2.8V
2x mode, VIN = 2.5V
VEN = 0V
1mA ≤ ILED ≤ 31mA
ILED − ILEDAVG
ILED
1x mode, IOUT = 100mA
1.33x mode, IOUT = 100mA
1.5x mode, IOUT = 100mA
2x mode, IOUT = 100mA
1.33x and 2x mode
1.5x mode
VOUT < 0.5V
Min
Typ
1.5
2.8
3.7
3.8
Max
±3
Units
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
%
±1
%
0.5
4.5
3.5
6
0.8
1.1
80
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
MHz
MHz
mA
1
0.6
0.8
VIN - Highest LED VF
VOUT > 1V
1.1
1.4
150
mV
400
500
450
mV
µs
mA
100
kΩ
V
V
°C
°C
V
1.3
0.4
150
20
2
2
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
RECOMMENDED EN/SET TIMING
For 2.5 ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5V, over full ambient temperature range -40 to +85ºC.
Symbol
Name
EN/SET setup from shutdown
EN/SET program low time
EN/SET program high time
EN/SET low time to shutdown
EN/SET Delay to DATA
EN/SET Delay High to ADDRESS
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
TSETUP
10
100(1)
μs
TLO
0.2
100
μs
THI
0.2
100
μs
TOFF
1.5
ms
TDATADELAY
500
1000
μs
TRESETDELAY
2
ms
Note:
(1) If the Max value is exceeded then the user should wait 2ms before trying to program the device again.
Figure 1. EN/SET One Wire Addressable Timing Diagram
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
3
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 120mA (6 LEDs at 20mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1μF, TAMB = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Efficiency vs. Input Voltage
Efficiency vs. Li-Ion Voltage
100
100
VF = 3.3V
1.5x
1x
80
2x
70
60
IOUT = 40mA
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
INPUT VOLTAGE [V]
60
Traditional 1.5x
Charge Pump
4.2
2.0
4.0 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.2
INPUT VOLTAGE [V]
3.0
LED Current Change vs. Temperature
LED Current Change vs. Input Voltage
10
LED CURRENT VARIATION [%] .
LED CURRENT VARIATION [%] .
70
40
40
4.5
VF = 3.0V
80
50
50
VF = 3.3V
8
6
VF = 3.3V
90
EFFICIENCY [%]
EFFICIENCY [%]
90
1.33x
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
10
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-40
5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
INPUT VOLTAGE [V]
-20
0
20 40
60
TEMPERATURE [°C]
80
Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage
QUIESCENT CURRENT [mA]
6.0
VF = 3.3V
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
INPUT VOLTAGE [V]
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
4
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 120mA (6 LEDs at 20mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1μF, TAMB = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage
10
1.2
OUTPUT RESISTANCE [Ω] .
SWITCHING FREQUENCY [MHz]
Switching Frequency vs. Temperature
1.1
1.5x Mode
1.0
0.9
0.8
1.33x, 2x Mode
0.7
VF = 3.3V
8
2x
6
1.33x
1.5x
4
2
1x
0
0.6
-40
-20
0
20 40 60
TEMPERATURE [°C]
5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
INPUT VOLTAGE [V]
80
Power Up in 1x Mode
Power Up in 1.33x Mode
Power Up in 1.5x Mode
Power Up in 2x Mode
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
5
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 120mA (6 LEDs at 20mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1μF, TAMB = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Foldback Current Limit
Power Down Delay (1x Mode)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE [V]
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1x Mode
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
0
100 200 300 400
OUTPUT CURRENT [mA]
500
Operating Waveforms in 1x Mode
Switching Waveforms in 1.33x Mode
Switching Waveforms in 1.5x Mode
Switching Waveforms in 2x Mode
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
6
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13/14
15
16
TAB
Name
LEDC2
LEDC1
LEDB2
LEDB1
LEDA2
LEDA1
VOUT
VIN
C1+
C1C2+
C2NC
GND
EN/SET
TAB
Function
LEDC2 cathode terminal
LEDC1 cathode terminal
LEDB2 cathode terminal
LEDB1 cathode terminal
LEDA2 cathode terminal
LEDA1 cathode terminal
Charge pump output, connect to LED anodes
Charge pump input, connect to battery or supply
Bucket capacitor 1, positive terminal
Bucket capacitor 1, negative terminal
Bucket capacitor 2, positive terminal
Bucket capacitor 2, negative terminal
No connect
Ground reference
Device enable (active high) and 1 wire control
iConnect to GND on the PCB
PIN FUNCTION
VIN is the supply pin for the charge pump. A small
1μF ceramic bypass capacitor is required between the
VIN pin and ground near the device. The operating
input voltage range is from 2.5V to 5.5V. Whenever
the input supply falls below the under-voltage
threshold (2V) all the LED channels will be
automatically disabled and the device register are
reset to default values.
GND is the ground reference for the charge pump.
The pin must be connected to the ground plane on the
PCB.
C1+, C1- are connected to each side of the ceramic
bucket capacitor C1.
C2+, C2- are connected to each side of the ceramic
bucket capacitor C2.
EN/SET is the enable and one wire addressable
control logic input for all LED channels. Guaranteed
levels of logic high and logic low are set at 1.3V and
0.4V respectively. When EN/SET is initially taken
high, the device becomes enabled and all LED
currents remain at 0mA. To place the device into zero
current mode, the EN/SET pin must be held low for
more than 1.5ms.
LEDxx provide the internal regulated current for
each of the LED cathodes. These pins enter highimpedance zero current state whenever the device
is placed in shutdown mode.
TAB is the exposed pad underneath the package.
For best thermal performance, the tab should be
soldered to the PCB and connected to the ground
plane.
VOUT is the charge pump output that is connected to
the LED anodes. A small 1μF ceramic bypass
capacitor is required between the VOUT pin and
ground near the device.
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
7
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
BLOCK DIAGRAM
C1-
VIN
C1+
C2-
C2+
VOUT
1x mode (LDO)
1.33x, 1.5x, 2x Charge Pump
Mode Control
0.8, 1.1MHz
Oscillator
LEDA1
EN/SET
LEDA2
LEDB1
100kΩ
LEDB2
LEDC1
Serial
Interface
Referece
Voltage
Registers
Current
Setting DAC
LEDC2
6 Current
Sink Regulators
GND
Figure 2. CAT3636 Functional Block Diagram
BASIC OPERATION
At power-up, the CAT3636 starts operating in 1x
mode where the output will be approximately equal to
the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage
losses). If the output voltage is sufficient to regulate all
LED currents, the device remains in 1x operating
mode.
If the input voltage fails more or is still insufficient to
drive the LEDs, it will automatically switch again into
2x mode where the output is approximately equal to 2
times the input supply voltage (less any internal
voltage losses).
If the device detects a sufficient input voltage is
present to drive all LED currents in 1x mode, it will
change automatically back to 1x mode. This only
applies for changing back to the 1x mode
If the input voltage is insufficient or falls to a level
wher e the regulated currents cannot be maintained,
the device automatically switches into 1.33x mode
(after a fixed delay time of about 400μs). In 1.33x
mode, the output voltage is approximately equal to
1.33 times the input supply voltage (less any internal
voltage losses).
If the input voltage is insufficient again or falls to a
level where the regulated currents cannot be
maintained, the device will automatically switch to the
1.5x boost mode (after a fixed delay time of about
400μs). In 1.5x mode, the output is approximately
equal to 1.5 times the input supply voltage (less any
internal voltage losses).
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
8
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
LED Current Setting
The current in each of the six LED channels is
programmed through the 1-wire EN/SET digital control
input. By pulsing this signal according to a specific
protocol, a set of internal registers can be addressed
and written into allowing to configure each bank of
LEDs with the desired current. There are six registers:
the first five are 4 bits long and the sixth is 1 bit long.
The registers are programmed by first selecting the
register address and then programming data into that
register.
Data in a register is reset once it is selected by the
address pointer. If a register is selected but no data is
programmed, then the register value is reset back to
its initial default value with all data bits to 0.
Once the final rising edge of the data pulses is
programmed, the user must wait 1.5ms before
programming another address. If programming fails or
is interrupted, the user must wait TRESETDELAY 2ms from
the last rising edge before reprogramming can
commence.
An internal counter records the number of falling
edges to identify the address and data. The address is
serially programmed adhering to low and high
duration time delays. One down pulse corresponds to
register 1 being selected. Two down pulses
correspond to register 2 being selected and so on up
to register 6. TLO and THI must be within 200ns to
100μs. Anything below 200ns may be ignored.
Upon power-up, the device automatically starts
looking for an address. The device requires a
minimum 10μs delay (TSETUP) to ensure the
initialization of the internal logic at power-up. After this
time delay, the device registers may be programmed
adhering to the timing constraints shown in Figure 1. If
no falling edge is detected within 100μs of power-up,
then the user must wait 2ms before trying to program
the device again.
Once the final rising edge of the address pointer is
programmed, the user must wait 500μs to 1000μs
before programming the first data pulse falling edge. If
the falling edge of the data is not received within
1000μs, the device will revert back to waiting for an
address.
To power-down the device and turn-off all current
sources, the EN/SET input should be kept low for a
duration TOFF of 1.5ms or more. The driver typically
powers-down with a delay of about 1ms. All register
data are lost.
Figure 3. EN/SET One Wire Addressable Timing Diagram
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
9
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
REGISTER CONFIGURATION AND PROGRAMMING
Table 1. Register Address and Data
Register
Address
Pulses
Description
Bits
REG1
REG2
REG3
REG4
REG5
REG6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Bank Enable and IMODE
Global Current Setting
Bank A Current Setting
Bank B Current Setting
Bank C Current Setting
Return Lockout
4
4
4
4
4
1
Register REG1 allows to set the mode and select the
pairs of LEDs to be turned on. A low LED current
mode exists to allow for very low current operation
under 4mA per channel. If IMODE equals 1, the high
current range is selected up to 32mA. If IMODE is set
to 0, all currents are divided by 8. Each bank of LEDs
(A, B or C) can be turned on independently by setting
the respective bit ENA, ENB, ENC to 1, as shown in
Table 2. For example, to enable all 6 LEDs in low
current mode, REG1 is programmned to 0111 binary
(9 data pulses).
DATA Pattern
Bit 2
Bit 1
ENA
ENB
Bit 0
ENC
See Table 3 for values
RTLKO
banks can be programmed with independent current
values.
Table 3. REG2-5 Current Setting Registers
Data
Pulses
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Table 2. REG1 Register Setting
REG1
Bank Enable
Data
Value IMODE
Pulses
ENA ENB ENC
(binary)
0
0000
0
1
1111
1
On On On
2
1110
1
On On
3
1101
1
On
On
4
1100
1
On
5
1011
1
On On
6
1010
1
On
7
1001
1
On
8
1000
1
9
0111
0
On On On
10
0110
0
On On
11
0101
0
On
On
12
0100
0
On
13
0011
0
On On
14
0010
0
On
15
0001
0
On
16
0000
0
-
REGx
Value
(binary)
0000
1111
1110
1101
1100
1011
1010
1001
1000
0111
0110
0101
0100
0011
0010
0001
0000
LED Current
IMODE = 0
LED Current
IMODE = 1
0.0mA
3.75mA
3.5mA
3.25mA
3mA
2.75mA
2.5mA
2.25mA
2mA
1.75mA
1.5mA
1.25mA
1mA
0.75mA
0.5mA
0.25mA
0.0mA
2mA
32mA
30mA
28mA
26mA
24mA
22mA
20mA
18mA
16mA
14mA
12mA
10mA
8mA
6mA
4mA
2mA
REG6 contains the return lockout (RTLKO) bit. This
stops the charge pump returning to 1x mode. One
pulse sets it to 1. Two pulses or no pulses set RTLKO
to 0. When RTLKO is set to 1, the charge pump
cannot automatically return to 1x mode when in one of
the charge pump modes. The device can however
move from 1x to 1.33x to 1.5x to 2x if the input voltage
is not sufficient to drive the programmed LED
currents.
Register REG2 allows to set the same current for all 6
channels. REG3, REG4, REG5 allow to set the
current respectively in banks A, B and C. The three
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
Bit 3
IMODE
REG6 also triggers a charge pump reset as soon as it
is addressed. This forces the charge pump to start
10
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
from 1x mode and reassess the correct mode it
should be in to drive the LEDs most efficiently. If the
input voltage has risen or the device has been
reprogrammed to other LED values, it is
recommended to trigger this reset allowing the charge
pump to run in the most efficient mode.
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
The CAT3636 enters a “zero current” shutdown mode
if EN/SET is held low for 1.5ms or more. All registers
are reset back to zero when the device is placed in
shutdown.
11
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
Programming 6 LEDs to 32mA
Programming 6 LEDs to 1mA
Programming 6 LEDs to 20mA
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
12
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
Unused LED Channels
External Components
For applications with only four or two LEDs, unused
LED banks can be disabled via the enable register
internally and left to float.
The driver requires two external 1μF ceramic
capacitors for decoupling input, output, and for the
charge pump. Both capacitors type X5R and X7R are
recommended for the LED driver application. In all
charge pump modes, the input current ripple is kept
very low by design and an input bypass capacitor of
1μF is sufficient.
For applications with 5 LEDs or less, unused LEDs
can also be disabled by connecting the LED pin
directly to VOUT, as shown on Figure 4. If LED pin
voltage is within 1V of VOUT, then the channel is
switched off and a 200μA test current is placed in the
channel to sense when the channel moves below
VOUT – 1V.
In 1x mode, the device operates in linear mode and
does not introduce switching noise back onto the
supply.
Recommended Layout
In charge pump mode, the driver switches internally at
a high frequency. It is recommended to minimize trace
length to all four capacitors. A ground plane should
cover the area under the driver IC as well as the
bypass capacitors. Short connection to ground on
capacitors CIN and COUT can be implemented with
the use of multiple via. A copper area matching the
TQFN exposed pad (TAB) must be connected to the
ground plane underneath. The use of multiple via
improves the package heat dissipation.
Figure 4. Five LED Application
Protection Mode
If an LED is disconnected, the output voltage VOUT
automatically limits at about 5.5V. This is to prevent
the output pin from exceeding its absolute maximum
rating.
If the die temperature exceeds +150°C the driver will
enter a thermal protection shutdown mode. When the
device temperature drops by about 20°C the device
will resume normal operation.
LED Selection
LEDs with forward voltages (VF) ranging from 1.3V to
5.0V may be used with the CAT3636. Selecting LEDs
with lower VF is recommended in order to improve the
efficiency by keeping the driver in 1x mode longer as
the battery voltage decreases.
Figure 5. Recommended Layout
For example, if a white LED with a VF of 3.3V is
selected over one with VF of 3.5V, the CAT3636 will
stay in 1x mode for lower supply voltage of 0.2V. This
helps improve the efficiency and extends battery life.
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
13
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
CAT3636
PACKAGE OUTLINES DRAWING
TQFN 16-Pad 3 x 3mm (HV3)
(1)(2)
A
D
e
b
L
E
E2
PIN#1 ID
PIN#1 INDEX AREA
A1
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW
SYMBOL
MIN
NOM
MAX
A
0.70
0.75
0.80
A1
0.00
0.02
0.05
A3
0.178
0.203
0.228
b
0.18
0.23
0.30
D
2.90
3.00
3.10
D2
1.40
–
1.80
E
2.90
3.00
3.10
E2
1.40
–
1.80
e
L
D2
BOTTOM VIEW
A
A1
A3
FRONT VIEW
0.50 BSC
0.30
0.40
0.50
For current Tape & Reel information, download the pdf file from:
http://www.catsemi.com/documents/tapeandreel.pdf
Notes:
(1) All dimensions are in millimeters.
(2) Complies with JEDEC standard MO-229.
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
14
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
CAT3636
EXAMPLE OF ORDERING INFORMATION 1
Prefix
CAT
Device #
3636
Suffix
HV3
Product Number
3636
Optional
Company ID
–
G
T2
Lead Finish
G: NiPdAu
Blank: Matte-Tin(4)
Tape & Reel
T: Tape & Reel
2: 2000/Reel
Package
HV3: TQFN 3 x 3mm
Notes:
(1) All packages are RoHS-compliant (Lead-free, Halogen-free).
(2) The standard lead finish is NiPdAu.
(3) The device used in the above example is a CAT3636HV3–GT2 (TQFN, NiPdAu Plated Finish, Tape & Reel 2000).
(4) For Matte-Tin package option, please contact your nearest Catalyst Semiconductor Sales office.
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Characteristics subject to change without notice
15
Doc. No. MD-5020 Rev. D
REVISION HISTORY
Date
08/29/06
01/09/07
Rev.
A
B
03/07/07
C
Electrical Operating Characteristics: Add the pull-down resistor value 100kΩ
Block Diagram: Add a 100kΩ pull-down resistor
D
Add NiPdAu lead finish
Add Extended Temperature range
Update Package Outline Drawing
Update Example of Ordering Information
Add “MD-” to Document Number
01/07/08
Reason
Initial Issue
Added Table 2
Copyrights, Trademarks and Patents
© Catalyst Semiconductor, Inc.
Trademarks and registered trademarks of Catalyst Semiconductor include each of the following:
Adaptive Analog™, Beyond Memory™, DPP™, EZDim™, LDD™, MiniPot™, Quad-Mode™ and Quantum Charge Programmable™
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Document No: MD-5020
Revision:
D
Issue date:
01/07/08