1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 FEATURES SOT-223 PKG z Fixed and adjustable output voltages to 1.24V z 410mV typical dropout at 1A Ideal for 3.0V to 2.5V conversion Ideal for 2.5V to 1.8V or 1.5V conversion z 1A minimum guaranteed output current z 1% initial accuracy z Low ground current z Current limiting and thermal shutdown z Reversed-battery protection z Reversed-leakage protection z Fast transient response z Low-profile SOT-223 package z Moisture Sensitivity Level 3 TO-252 3L / 5L PKG SOP-8 PKG ORDERING INFORMATION Device LM39100S-X.X LM39100GS-X.X LM39100RS-X.X LM39100GRS-X.X LM39101RS-X.X LM39101GRS-X.X LM39102RS LM39102GRS LM39101D-X.X LM39102D APPLICATION z z z z z z Battery Powered Equipments Motherboards and Graphic Cards Microprocessor Power Supplies Peripheral Cards High Efficiency Linear Regulators Battery Chargers DESCRIPSION Package SOT-223 TO-252 3L TO-252 5L SOP-8 X.X = Output Voltage = 1.5, 1.8, 2.5, 3.3, 5.0 The LM39100/1/2 is 1A low-dropout linear voltage regulators that provide low-voltage, high-current output. The LM39100/1/2 offers extremely low dropout (typically 410mV at 1A) and low ground current (typically 12mA at 1A). The LM39100 is a fixed output regulator offered in the SOT-223 package. The LM39101 and LM39102 are fixed and adjustable regulators, respectively, in SOP-8 and TO-252 Packages. The LM39100/1/2 is ideal for PC add-in cards that need to convert from standard 5V to 3.3V, 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to1.8V. A guaranteed maximum dropout voltage of 630mV overall operating conditions allows the LM39100/1/2 to provide2.5V from a supply as low as 3.13V and 1.8V from a supply as low as 2.43V. The LM39100/1/2 is fully protected with over current limiting, thermal shutdown, and reversed-battery protection. Fixed voltages of 5.0V, 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.8V and 1.5V are available on LM39100/1 with adjustable output voltages to 1.24V on LM39102. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN. MAX. UNIT Supply Voltage VIN - 0.3 + 20 V Enable Voltage VEN - + 20 V Output Voltage VOUT -0.3 VIN +0.3 V Lead Temperature (Soldering, 5 sec) TSOL - 260 ℃ Storage Temperature Range TSTG -65 + 150 ℃ Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -1 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 Operating Ratings (Note 2) CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL MIN. MAX. UNIT Supply Voltage VIN + 2.25 + 16 V Enable Voltage VEN + 2.25 + 16 V PD(max) (Note 3) (Note 3) TJ -40 + 125 Maximum Power Dissipation Junction Temperature Package Thermal Resistance ℃ θJA-SOT-223 115 ℃/W θJA-TO252 95 ℃/W θJA-SOP-8 130 ℃/W Ordering Information VOUT 1.5 V 1.8 V 2.5 V 3.3 V Package Order No. Description Supplied As Status SOT-223 LM39100S-1.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100GS-1.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Contact us TO-252 3L LM39100RS-1.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 3L LM39100GRS-1.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101RS-1.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101GRS-1.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39101D-1.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100S-1.8V 1A, Fixed Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100GS-1.8V 1A, Fixed Reel Contact us TO-252 3L LM39100RS-1.8V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 3L LM39100GRS-1.8V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101RS-1.8V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101GRS-1.8V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39101D-1.8V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100S-2.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100GS-2.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Contact us TO-252 3L LM39100RS-2.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 3L LM39100GRS-2.5V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101RS-2.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101GRS-2.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39101D-2.5V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100S-3.3V 1A, Fixed Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100GS-3.3V 1A, Fixed Reel Contact us TO-252 3L LM39100RS-3.3V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 3L LM39100GRS-3.3V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101RS-3.3V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101GRS-3.3V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39101D-3.3V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -2 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 Ordering Information VOUT 5.0 V ADJ Package Order No. Description Supplied As Status SOT-223 LM39100S-5.0V 1A, Fixed Reel Active SOT-223 LM39100GS-5.0V 1A, Fixed Reel Contact us TO-252 3L LM39100RS-5.0V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 3L LM39100GRS-5.0V 1A, Fixed Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101RS-5.0V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39101GRS-5.0V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39101D-5.0V 1A, Fixed, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39102RS 1A, Adjustable, Enable Reel Active TO-252 5L LM39102GRS 1A, Adjustable, Enable Reel Active SOP-8 LM39102D 1A, Adjustable, Enable Reel Active LM 3910X Output Voltage : 1.5V / 1.8V / 2.5V / 3.3V / 5.0V / Blank(ADJ Only) S : SOT-223 RS : TO-252 D : SOP-8 Package Type Green Mode G : Halogen Free Blank : Pb Free Root Name 39100 : 3L Fixed Output 39101 : 5L Fixed Output 39102 : 5L / 8L Adjustable Output Product Code Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -3 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 PIN CONFIGURATION EN 1 8 GND VIN 2 7 GND VOUT 3 6 GND FLG/ADJ 4 5 GND SOP-8 VOUT 3 2 GND (TAB) 2 GND (TAB) 1 VIN 1 VIN SOT-223 5 FLG/ADJ 4 VOUT 3 GND (TAB) 2 VIN 1 EN VOUT 3 TO-252 3L TO-252 5L PIN DESCRIPTION SOT-223 & TO-252 3L (for 39100) Pin No. Name Function 1 VIN Input Supply 2 GND Ground 3 VOUT Output Voltage TO-252 5L (for 39101/2) SOP-8 (for 39101/2) Pin No. Name Function Name Function 1 EN Chip Enable EN Chip Enable 2 VIN Input Supply VIN Input Supply 3 GND Ground VOUT Output Voltage 4 VOUT Output Voltage FLG / ADJ Error Flag Output or Output Adjust 5 FLG / ADJ Error Flag Output or Output Adjust GND Ground 6/7/8 - - GND Ground Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -4 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 TYPICAL APPLICATION 100k Error Flag Output LM39100 3.3V IN LM39101 2.5V OUT 3.3V GND IN Enable Shutdown 2.5V / 1A Regulator EN OUT GND 2.5V FLG 2.5V / 1A Regulator with Error Flag LM39102 2.5V Enable Shutdown IN EN 1.5V OUT GND ADJ R1 R2 1.5V / 1A Adjustable Regulator Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -5 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VIN= VOUT +1V; VEN = 2.25V; TJ = 25°C, bold values indicate -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C; unless noted Symbol VOUT ΔVOUT/ΔT Parameters Condition Min. IOUT(lim) Unit 1 2 % % 10mA 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1A, VOUT+1V ≤ VIN ≤8V Line Regulation IOUT=10mA, VOUT +1V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V 0.06 0.5 % Load Regulation VIN= VOUT +1V, 10mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1A 0.2 1 % 40 100 ppm/ °C 150 200 250 mV mV -1 -2 Output Voltage Temp. Coefficient (Note 4) Dropout Voltage (Note 5) IOUT=500mA, ΔVOUT = -1% 275 IOUT=750mA, ΔVOUT = -1% 330 500 mV 410 550 630 mV mV IOUT=1A, ΔVOUT = -1% IGND Max. Output Voltage IOUT=100mA, ΔVOUT = -1% VDO Typ. Ground Current (Note 6) Current Limit mV IOUT=100mA, VIN= VOUT+1V 700 μA IOUT=500mA, VIN= VOUT+1V 4 mA IOUT=750mA, VIN= VOUT+1V 7 mA VOUT=0V, VIN=VOUT+1V 1.8 2.5 A 0.8 V Enable Input VEN Enable Input Voltage logic low (off) logic high (on) 2.25 1 15 30 75 2 4 IOUT =10mA, VIN =VOUT +1V, VEN =0V to VIN 50 500 IOUT =500mA, VIN =VOUT +1V, VEN =0V to VIN 250 2000 IOUT =1.0A, VIN =VOUT +1V, VEN =0V to VIN 350 3000 0.01 1 2 300 400 VEN=2.25V IEN V Enable Input Current VEN=0.8V TEN Delay time to Nominal Output Voltage (Note 7) μA μA μA μA μs Flag Output IFLG (leak) VFLG (do) VFLG Output Leakage Current Output Low Voltage VOH=16V (Note 8) VIN=0.9.VOUT NOMINAL, IOL=250μA Low Threshold % of VOUT High Threshold % of VOUT 93 % 99.2 Hysteresis Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 240 1 -6 - μA μA mV mV % % HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 LM39102 Only 1.228 1.215 Reference Voltage (Note 9) 1.24 1.203 40 Adjust Pin Bias Current Reference Voltage Temp. Coefficient (Note 4) 20 Adjust Pin Bias Current Temp. Coefficient 0.1 1.252 1.265 V V 1.277 V 80 120 nA nA ppm/ °C 99.2 nA/ °C Note 1. Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. Note 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Note 3. PD (max)= (TJ (max) - TA) ÷ θJA, where θJA -junction-to-ambient thermal resistance. Note 4. Output voltage temperature coefficient is ΔVOUT (worst case) ÷ (TJ(max) - TJ(min)) where TJ(max) is +125°C and TJ(min) is 0°C. Note 5. VDO = VIN - VOUT when VOUT decreases to 99% of its nominal output voltage with VIN = VOUT + 1V. For output voltages below 2.25V, dropout voltage is the input-to-output voltage differential with the minimum input voltage being 2.25V. Minimum input operating voltage is 2.25V. Note 6. IGND is the quiescent current. IIN = IGND + IOUT. Note 7. Delay time is measured after VEN=VIN. CIN=COUT=10μF. Note 8. For adjustable device and fixed device with VOUT ≥ 2.5V Note 9. VREF ≤ VOUT ≤ (VIN - 1V), 2.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 16V, 10mA ≤ IL ≤ 1 A. Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -7 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -8 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 -9 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 APPLICATION INFORMATION The LM39100/1/2 is a high-performance low-dropout voltage regulator suitable for moderate to high-current voltage regulator applications. Its 630mV dropout voltage at full load and over temperature makes it especially valuable in battery-powered systems and as high-efficiency noise filters in post-regulator applications. Unlike older NPN-pass transistor de-signs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the base-to-emitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the PNP output of these devices is limited only by the low VCE saturation voltage. A trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. The LM39100/1/2 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. Linear current limiting is provided. Output current during overload conditions is constant. Thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating temperature. Transient protection allows device (and load) survival even when the input voltage spikes above and below nominal. The output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. Output Capacitor The LM39100/1/2 requires an output capacitor to maintain stability and improve transient response. Proper capacitor selection is important to ensure proper operation. The LM39100/1/2 output capacitor selection is dependent upon the ESR (equivalent series resistance) of the output capacitor to maintain stability. When the output capacitor is 10μF or greater, the output capacitor should have an ESR less than 2Ω. This will improve transient response as well as promote stability. Ultra-low-ESR capacitors, such as ceramic chip capacitors, may promote instability or may cause an oscillation and/or under damped transient response. In this case, minimum 20uF of output capacitance is required. A low-ESR solid tantalum capacitor works extremely well and provides good transient response and stability over temperature. Aluminum electrolytic capacitor can also be used, as long as the ESR of the capacitor is <2Ω. The value of the output capacitor can be increased without limit. Higher capacitance values help to improve transient response and ripple rejection and reduce output noise. Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 1μF or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk ac supply capacitance or when the supply is a battery. In the case of ceramic chip capacitor, 10uF capacitance is recommended. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. Error Flag The LM39101 features an error flag (FLG), which monitors the output voltage and signals an error condition when this voltage drops 5% below its expected value. The error flag is an open-collector output that pulls low under fault conditions and may sink up to 10mA. Low output voltage signifies a number of possible problems, including an over current fault (the device is in current limit) or low input voltage. The flag output is inoperative during over temperature conditions. A pull-up resistor from FLG to either VIN or VOUT is required for proper operation. For information regarding the minimum and maximum values of pull-up resistance, refer to the graph in the typical characteristics section of the data sheet. Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 - 10 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 Enable Input The LM39101 and LM39102 versions feature an active-high enable input (EN) that allows on-off control of the regulator. Current drain reduces to “zero” when the device is shutdown, with only micro amperes of leakage current. The EN input has TTL/CMOS compatible thresholds for simple logic interfacing. EN may be directly tied to VIN and pulled up to the maximum supply voltage Transient Response and 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to 1.8V Conversion The LM39100/1/2 has excellent transient response to variations in input voltage and load current. The device has been designed to respond quickly to load current variations and input voltage variations. Large output capacitors are not required to obtain this performance. A standard 10µF output capacitor, preferably tantalum, is all that is required. Larger values help to improve performance even further. By virtue of its low-dropout voltage, this device does not saturate into dropout as readily as similar NPNbased de-signs. When converting from 3.3V to 2.5V or 2.5V to 1.8V, the NPN based regulators are already operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements of 1.2V or greater. To convert down to 2.5V or 1.8V without operating in dropout, NPN-based regulators require an input voltage of 3.7V at the very least. The LM39100 regulator will provide excellent performance with an input as low as 3.0V or 2.5V respectively. This gives the PNP based regulators a distinct advantage over older, NPN based linear regulators. Minimum Load Current The LM39100/1/2 regulator is specified between finite loads. If the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. A 10mA minimum load current is necessary for proper regulation. Adjustable Regulator Design The LM39102 allows programming the output voltage any-where between 1.24V and the 16V maximum operating rating of the family. Two resistors are used. Resistors can be quite large, up to 1MΩ, because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense comparator: The resistor values are calculated by : R1=R2(Vout/1.240-1) Where Vout is the desired output voltage. Figure 1 shows component definition. Applications with widely varying load currents may scale the resistors to draw the minimum load current required for proper operation (see below). The current consumed by feedback resisters R1 and R2 is calculated by: Ires = Vout / (R1+ R2). LM39102 VIN Enable Shutdown IN EN VOUT OUT GND ADJ R1 R2 C OUT Figure 1. Adjustable Regulator with Resistors Maximum Output Current Capability The LM39100/1/2 can deliver a continuous current of 1A over the full operating junction temperature range. However, the output current is limited by the restriction of power dissipation which differs from packages. A Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 - 11 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator LM39100/39101/39102 heat sink may be required depending on the maximum power dissipation and maximum ambient temperature of application. With respect to the applied package, the maximum output current of 1A may be still undeliverable due to the restriction of the power dissipation of LM39100/1/2. Under all possible conditions, the junction temperature must be within the range specified under operating conditions. The temperatures over the device are given by: TC = TA + PD X θCA / TJ = TC + PD X θJC / TJ = TA + PD X θJA Where TJ is the junction temperature, TC is the case temperature, TA is the ambient temperature, PD is the total power dissipation of the device, θCA is the thermal resistance of case-to-ambient, θJC is the thermal resistance of junction-to-case, and θJA is the thermal resistance of junction to ambient. The total power dissipation of the device is given by: PD = PIN – POUT = (VIN X IIN)–(VOUT X IOUT) = (VIN X (IOUT+IGND)) – (VOUT X IOUT) = (VIN - VOUT) X IOUT + VIN X IGND Where IGND is the operating ground current of the device which is specified at the Electrical Characteristics. The maximum allowable temperature rise (TRmax) depends on the maximum ambient temperature (TAmax) of the application, and the maximum allowable junction temperature (TJmax): TRmax = TJmax – TAmax The maximum allowable value for junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, θJA, can be calculated using the formula: θJA = TRmax / PD = (TJmax – TAmax) / PD LM39100/1/2 is available in SOT-223, TO-252, and SOP-8 package. The thermal resistance depends on amount of copper area or heat sink, and on air flow. If the maximum allowable value of θJA calculated above is over 115°C/W for SOT-223 package, 95°C/W for TO-252 package, 130°C/W for SOP-8 package, no heat sink is needed since the package can dissipate enough heat to satisfy these requirements. If the value for allowable θJA falls near or below these limits, a heat sink or proper area of copper plane is required. In summary, the absolute maximum ratings of thermal resistances are as follow: Absolute Maximum Ratings of Thermal Resistance Characteristic Symbol Rating Unit Thermal Resistance Junction-To-Ambient / SOT-223 θJA-SOT-223 115 °C/W Thermal Resistance Junction-To-Ambient / TO-252 θJA-TO-252 95 °C/W θJA-SOP-8 130 °C/W Thermal Resistance Junction-To-Ambient / SOP-8 2 No heat sink / No air flow / No adjacent heat source / 20 mm copper area. (TA=25°C) Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 - 12 - HTC 1A Low-Voltage Low-Dropout Regulator Thermal Resistance(ΘJA) vs. Copper Area (SOP-8) Power Disspation(Pd) vs. Copper Area (SOP-8) @ TJ=125℃ 1.4 Power disspation, Pd (W) 140 Thermal Resistance, ΘJA(℃/W) 1.6 LM39100/39101/39102 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 120 100 80 60 40 0.4 10 100 2 10 1000 Nov. 2010 - Rev. 1.5.1 100 1000 Copper Area (mm2) Copper Area (mm ) - 13 - HTC