AP3983B/C/D HIGH FREQUENCY PRIMARY SIDE POWER SWITCHER FOR OFF-LINE SMPS Description Pin Assignments The AP3983B/C/D are series of high frequency power switcher for power supplies with better conversion efficiency, better voltage & current accuracy, and improved protection functions. Typical applications include charger, adapter for ADSL, home appliance power supply, LED lighting power supply and PC auxiliary power supplies. The AP3983B/C/D with built in MOSFET, regulates the output voltage and current in the primary side by piece-wise Pulse Frequency Modulation (p-PFM) in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). The system operating frequency reduces linearly from heavy load to light load in each interval of the p-PFM, and enters constant current mode when the load current equals to the maximum system output current. (Top View) CPC 1 7 FB 2 VCC 3 6 D CS 4 5 D GND SO-7 For AP3983B/C The AP3983B/C/D has good transient characteristics. Typically, minimal voltage of 4.3V at PCB side can be achieved for dynamic test of 5V application system. (Top View) The AP3983B/C/D provides operating frequency dithering function to improve EMC performance of power supply. The AP3983B/C/D also has built-in fixed cable voltage drop compensation and adjustable line voltage compensation. CPC 1 FB 2 The AP3983B/C/D solution has fewer component number, smaller size, and lower total cost. VCC CS The AP3983B/C is packaged in SO-7. The AP3983C/D is packaged in PDIP-7. 7 GND 3 6 D 4 5 D PDIP-7 For AP3983C/D Features Primary Side Control for Eliminating Opto-coupler Better Transient Characteristics Built-in N Channel MOSFET with 650 BVDSS Low Start-up Current: 0.2A (Typ.) Internal Output Cable Voltage Drop Compensation Hiccup Function to Improve Short Circuit Protection Better Over Voltage Protection Better Over Temperature Protection Low Total Cost Solution Output Power Range (Note 1): AP3983B for 6W Adapter AP3983C (SO-7) for 7.5W AP3983C (PDIP-7) for 10W Adapter AP3983D for 18W Adapter Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 2 & 3) Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 4) Notes: Applications Adapters Set Top Boxes Auxiliary Supplies Appliances LED Driver 1. Typical continuous power in a non-ventilated enclosed adapter measured at +50°C ambient. 2. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant. 3. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 4. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Typical Applications Circuit F1 L1 C6 R4 C5 D1 to D4 J1 AC 90-264V C1 R1 + Np C7 C8 R9 + R3 + C2 R8 Vo+ + L2 D7,D8 D5 R7 R2 Vo- Ns D6 T1 + C3 Nfb U1 C4 1 3 VCC D CPC GND CS FB CY1 5,6 R6 7 2 4 R12 C9 R5 R13 For AP3983B/C/D (12V/1.5A) Item Function QTY Item Function QTY C1, C2 15µF/400V, electrolytic 2 U1 AP3983D, PDIP-7 1 C3 4.7µF/50V, electrolytic 1 R1, R2 2M, 1206 2 C4 10nF, ceramic, 0805 1 R3 200, 1206 1 C5 1nF/250V, ceramic 1 R4 150k, 1206 1 C6 1nF/100V, 0805 1 R5 22k, 1%, 0805 1 C7, C8 1000µF/16V, electrolytic 2 R6 47k, 1%, 0805 1 C9 10pF/16V, 0805 1 R7 2, 1206 1 1nF/250VAC, Y1 capacitor 1 R8 30, 1206 1 D1 to D6 1N4007, rectifier diode 6 R9 5.1k,1206 1 D7, D8 MBR3100, Schottky diode 2 R12 1.2, 1%, 1206 1 F1 2A/250V, fuse 1 R13 1 L1 L2 30mH, Common inductor, EE9.8 250µH/2A, Common inductor 1 1 T1 – 1.8, 1%, 1206 EE20 core, PC40, transformer – CY1 1 – Pin Descriptions Pin Number 1 2 3 4 5, 6 7 Pin Name CPC FB VCC CS D GND AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 Function This pin connects a capacitor to GND for output cable compensation The voltage feedback from auxiliary winding This pin receives rectified voltage from the auxiliary winding of the transformer Current sense for primary side of transformer This pin is connected with an internal power MOSFET’s drain This pin is the signal reference ground 2 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Functional Block Diagram VCC 3 CS OVP/SCP/OTP/ OCkP/Max tONP Regulator & Bias Pro OSC tOSC 0.05V 2 tONS Detector COMP FB PFM tONS UVLO Detect Pulse Timer 512*tOSC 7 GND tOFF Detect_On UV/OV UV/OV PFM Bang_bang Constant Voltage Control EA VFB_REF R VALLEY CV_ctrl _ON Q S Line VLINE Compensation VCS_REF Peak Current Control & LEB Vcs_X Vcs_X select VLOAD UV Driver 5, 6 D Shutdown CC_ctrl Detect_on CS tONS Constant Current Control R VLOAD Low Pass Filter VCPC Cable Compensation Vcs_X CPC Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 S VLOAD Bang_bang Bang_bang Detector 4 1 AP3983B/C/D Q CS 3 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 5) Symbol VCC VCS, VCPC VFB BVDSS ID Rating Unit Supply Voltage Parameter -0.3 to 30 V Voltage on CS, CPC Pin -0.3 to 7 V FB Input Voltage -0.3 to 8 V 700 Drain Voltage (TJ = +25°C) Drain Continuous Current (TJ = +25°C) V AP3983B AP3983C 1 2 AP3983D 4 A Operating Junction Temperature -40 to +150 °C TSTG Storage Temperature -65 to +150 °C TLEAD – – Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) +300 °C ESD (Machine Model) ESD (Human Body Model) 200 2000 V V TJ AP3983B AP3983C ( SO-7) AP3983C (PDIP-7) AP3983D Total Power Dissipation PD 0.7 0.85 1.0 1.8 W Note 5: Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied. Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit – 25 V Operating Temperature Range -40 +105 °C Maximum Operating Frequency – 80 kHz VCC Supply Voltage TOP fS(MAX) Thermal Impedance (Note 6) Symbol θJA θJC Parameter Value Junction to Ambient Junction to Case Unit AP3983B 95 AP3983C (SO-7) 85 AP3983C (PDIP-7) 70 AP3983D 40 AP3983B 48 AP3983C (SO-7) 43 AP3983C (PDIP-7) 35 AP3983D 20 °C/W Note 6: When mounted a standard single-sided FR-4 board with 300mm2 Cu (at least 35µm thick) connected to all collectors and CS pins. AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Electrical Characteristics (@VCC = 15V, TJ = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit STARTUP AND UVLO SECTION VTH_ST Turn-on Voltage – 13 15.5 18 V VOPR(MIN) Turn-off Voltage – 6 6.8 7.6 V Turn-on Current VCC = VTH_ST-1V before startup 0 0.2 0.6 Operating Current Static current @ no load 350 500 650 – 65 80 kHz 4 7 10 % – 1.8 2 2.2 kHz 30% to 100% of full load 828 900 972 mV VCS Modulation for Frequency Dithering – – 2.5 – % VCS Modulation Period – – 250 – μs RLINE Built-in Line Compensation Resistor – – 230 – Ω 500 575 ns Leading Edge Blanking @ VCS_H and VCS_M 410 tLEB @ VCS_EL 220 250 288 ns Closed loop test of VOUT 3.89 3.95 4.01 V 700 840 k 5.65 6.00 6.40 % – 4/8 – – 650 – – V AP3983B – 9 12 AP3983C – 5 6 AP3983D – 2.4 3 STANDBY CURRENT SECTION IST ICC_OPR OPERATING FREQUENCY SECTION (5% LOAD TO FULL LOAD) Operating Frequency in Full Load – fS(MAX) Condition 5% to 100% of full load Δf/f Frequency Dithering range μA OPERATING FREQUENCY SECTION (NO LOAD TO 5% OF IOUT(MAX)) fS(MIN) Output Voltage Detection Frequency CURRENT SENSE SECTION Peak Current Sense Voltage in Heavy VCS_H Load ΔVCS/VCS tMOD CONSTANT VOLTAGE SECTION Equivalent Feedback Voltage @ Light VFB Load RFB VCABLE/VOUT – FB Pin Input Resistance Cable Compensation Ratio (VFB@FULLLOAD-VFB)/VFB 560 CONSTANT CURRENT SECTION tONS/tSW Secondary Winding Conduction Duty VFB = 2V POWER MOSFET SECTION BVDSS Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage RDS(ON) On State Resistor – PROTECTION FUNCTION SECTION VFB(OVP) Over Voltage Protection VFB(SCP) Short Circuit Protection TOTP Shutdown Temperature THYS Temperature Hysteresis AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 – – 7.5 – V 1.4 1.5 1.6 V – +125 +160 – °C – – +40 – °C VFB @ Hiccup 5 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Operation Description + VIN D1 VS VBULK C1 LM N P CO NS VO + IOUT AP3983B/C/D VAUX D NAUX Q1 RFB1 CS GND CPC FB CCPC RCS RFB2 Figure 1. Simplified Flyback Converter Controlled by AP3983B/C/D Constant Primary Peak Current The primary iP(t) current is sensed by a current sense resistor RCS as shown in Figure 1. The current rises up linearly at a rate of: diP(t ) V BULK(t ) ……… (1) dt LM See equation 2 IPK iP(t) 0A Figure 2. Primary Current Waveform As illustrated in Figure 2, when the current iP(t) rises up to IPK, the switch Q1 turns off. The constant peak current is given by: I PK VCS ………(2) RCS The energy stored in the magnetizing inductance LM each cycle is therefore: EG 1 2 LM I PK ………(3) 2 So the power transferring from input to output is given by: 1 2 P LM I PK f SW ………(4) 2 Where fSW is the switching frequency. When the peak current I PK is constant, the output power depends on the switching frequency fSW. Constant Voltage Operation The AP3983B/C/D captures the auxiliary winding feedback voltage at FB pin and operates in constant-voltage (CV) mode to regulate the output voltage. Assuming the secondary winding is master, the auxiliary winding is slave during the D1 on-time. The auxiliary voltage is given by: AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 6 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Operation Description (Cont.) V AUX N AUX V O V D ………(5) NS Where VD is the diode forward drop voltage, NAUX is the turns of auxiliary winding, and NS is the turns of secondary winding. See equation 5 VAUX 0V Portion of tONS tONS Figure 3. Auxiliary Voltage Waveform The output voltage is different from the secondary voltage in a diode forward drop voltage V D which depends on the current. If the secondary voltage is always detected at a constant secondary current, the difference between the output voltage and the secondary voltage will be a fixed VD. The voltage detection point is portion of tONS after D1 is turned on. The CV loop control function of AP3983B/C/D then generates a D1 off-time to regulate the output voltage. Constant Current Operation The AP3983B/C/D is designed to work in constant current (CC) mode. Figure 4 shows the secondary current waveforms. See equation 7 Is IOUT 0A tONS tOFFS Figure 4. Secondary Current Waveform In CC operation, the CC loop control function of AP3983B/C/D will keep a fixed proportion between D1 on-time tONS and D1 off-time tOFFS by discharging or charging the built-in capacitance connected. This fixed proportion is tONS 4 ……… (6) tOFFS 4 The relation between the output constant-current and secondary peak current IPKS is given by: I OUT 1 tONS ………(7) I PKS 2 tONS tOFFS At the instant of D1 turn-on, the primary current transfers to the secondary at an amplitude of: I PKS NP I PK ………(8) NS Thus the output constant current is given by: I OUT 1 NP I PK ………(9) 4 NS AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Operation Description (Cont.) Leading Edge Blanking (LEB) When the power switch is turned on, a turn-on spike on the output pulse rising edge will occur on the sense-resistor. To avoid false termination of the switching pulse, a typical 500ns leading edge blanking is built in. During this blanking period, the current sense comparator is disabled and the gate driver cannot be switched off. The built-in LEB in AP3983B/C/D has shorter delay time from current sense terminal to output pulse than those IC solutions adopting external RC filter as LEB. Built-in Cable Compensation The AP3983B/C/D has built-in fixed voltage of 0.3V typical to compensate the drop of output cable when the load is changed from zero to full load. A typical 10nF external capacitor connected to the CPC pin is used to smooth voltage signal for cable compensation. Over Temperature Protection The AP3983B/C/D has internal thermal sensing circuit to shut down the PFM driver output when the die temperature reaches +160°C typical. When the die temperature drops about +40°C, the IC will recover automatically to normal operation. Ordering Information AP3983X XX XX - XX AP3983B AP3983C AP3983D Package SO-7 SO-7 PDIP-7 PDIP-7 Packing TR : Tape & Reel Blank : Tube Package M : SO-7 P7 : PDIP-7 Product Name Temperature Range -40°C to +105°C AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 Part Number AP3983BMTR-G1 AP3983CMTR-G1 AP3983CP7-G1 AP3983DP7-G1 8 of 13 www.diodes.com Marking ID 3983BM-G1 3983CM-G1 AP3983CP7-G1 AP3983DP7-G1 RoHS/Green G1 : Green Packing 4000/Tape & Reel 4000/Tape & Reel 50/Tube 50/Tube July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Marking Information (Top View) First and Second Lines: Logo and Marking ID Third Line: Date Code Y: Year WW: Work Week of Molding A: Assembly House Code th th XX: 7 and 8 Digits of Batch No. First Line: Logo and Marking ID Second Line: Date Code Y: Year WW: Work Week of Molding A: Assembly House Code th th XX: 7 and 8 Digits of Batch No. AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm (inch).) (1) Package Type: SO-7 5.800(0.228) 1.350(0.053) 1.750(0.069) 6.200(0.244) 0.330(0.013) 0.510(0.020) 2.54(0.100) TYP 4.700(0.185) 5.100(0.201) 1.270(0.050) TYP 0.080(0.003) 0.250(0.010) 3.800(0.150) 4.000(0.157) 1.250(0.049) 1.500(0.059) 0.350(0.014) TYP 0° 8° Option 1 45° 0.150(0.006) 0.250(0.010) 0.450(0.017) 0.800(0.031) Option 2 Note: Eject hole, oriented hole and mold mark is optional. AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Package Outline Dimensions (Cont.) (All dimensions in mm (inch).) (2) Package Type: PDIP-7 7.320(0. 288) 7.920(0. 312) 0.204(0.008) 0.360(0. 014) 3.200(0. 126) 3.600(0. 142) 3.710(0.146) 4.310(0.170) 0.510(0. 020) MIN 3.000(0. 118) 3.600(0. 142) 0.380(0. 015) 0.570(0. 022) 1.524(0. 060)BSC 2.540(0. 100)BSC 8.400(0. 331) 9.000(0. 354) 6.200(0. 244) 6.600(0. 260) 9.000(0. 354) 9.400(0. 370) Note: Eject hole , oriented hole and mold mark is optional. AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D Suggested Pad Layout (1) Package Type: SO-7 G Z E1 Y X E Dimensions Z (mm)/(inch) G (mm)/(inch) X (mm)/(inch) Y (mm)/(inch) E (mm)/(inch) E1 (mm)/(inch) Value 6.900/0.272 3.900/0.154 0.650/0.026 1.500/0.059 1.270/0.050 2.540/0.100 AP3983B/C/D Document number: DS36784 Rev. 4 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com July 2016 © Diodes Incorporated AP3983B/C/D IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. 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