LTM8049 Dual SEPIC or Inverting µModule DC/DC Converter FEATURES DESCRIPTION Two Complete Switch Mode Power Supplies nn SEPIC or Inverting Topology nn Wide Input Voltage Range: 2.6V to 20V nn 2.5V to 24V or –2.5V to –24V Output Voltage nn 1A at 5V OUT from 12VIN nn Selectable Switching Frequency: 200kHz to 2.5MHz nn Power Good Outputs for Event Based Sequencing nn User Configurable Undervoltage Lockout nn (e4) RoHS Compliant Package with Gold Pad Finish nn Low Profile 15mm × 9mm × 2.42mm Surface Mount BGA Package The LTM®8049 is a Dual SEPIC/Inverting µModule® (power module) DC/DC Converter. Each of the two outputs can be easily configured as a SEPIC or Inverting converter by simply grounding the appropriate output rail. The LTM8049 includes power devices, inductors, control circuitry and passive components. All that is needed to complete the design are input and output caps, and small resistors to set the output voltages and switching frequency. Other components may be used to control the soft-start and undervoltage lockout. nn APPLICATIONS Battery Powered Regulator Local Negative Voltage Regulator nn Low Noise Amplifier Power nn nn The LTM8049 is packaged in a thermally enhanced, compact (15mm × 9mm) over-molded Ball Grid Array (BGA) package suitable for automated assembly by standard surface mount equipment. The LTM8049 is RoHS compliant. L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology, the Linear logo and µModule are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. TYPICAL APPLICATION ±12VOUT from 2.7VIN to 20VIN Maximum Load Current vs VIN 1.5 VIN1 4.7µF ×2 80.6k 1MHz 80.6k 1MHz VOUT1P FBX1 RUN1 VOUT1N RT1 VOUT1 12V 130k 22µF CLKOUT1 SYNC2 RT2 VIN2 RUN2 SYNC1 LTM8049 VOUT2P FBX2 VOUT2N PINS NOT USED: SS1, SS2, PG1, PG2, CLKOUT2, SHARE1, SHARE2 47µF 143k VOUT2 –12V 8049 TA01a LOAD CURRENT (A) VIN 2.7V TO 20V 1.0 0.5 0 0 5 10 VIN (V) 15 20 8049 TA01 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 1 LTM8049 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PIN CONFIGURATION (Note 1) TOP VIEW VINn, RUNn, PGn........................................................20V SYNCn, FBXn...............................................................5V SSn...........................................................................2.5V SHAREn.......................................................................2V VOUTP (VOUTN = 0V)...................................................25V VOUTN (VOUTP = 0V).................................................–25V Maximum Internal Temperature............................. 125°C Maximum Solder Temperature............................... 260°C Storage Temperature.............................. –55°C to 125°C A BANK 2 VIN1 B RUN1 FBX1 C SS1 BANK 6 VOUT1N D SYNC1 E RT1 BANK 4 VOUT1P BANK 1 GND PG1 CLKOUT1 SHARE2 F BANK 7 VOUT2N G RT2 H SYNC2 FBX2 J SS2 BANK 5 VOUT2P K RUN2 L BANK 3 VIN2 1 2 3 4 5 6 SHARE1 CLKOUT2 PG2 7 BGA PACKAGE 77-LEAD (15mm × 9mm × 2.42mm) TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 16.2°C/W, θJB = 3.8°C/W, θJCtop = 8.8°C/W, θJCbottom = 3.8°C/W, θJCboard = 4.6°C/W, WEIGHT = 0.8g, θ VALUES DETERMINED PER JEDEC 51-9, 51-12 ORDER INFORMATION (http://www.linear.com/product/LTM8049#orderinfo) PART MARKING* PART NUMBER LTM8049EY#PBF LTM8049IY#PBF PAD OR BALL FINISH DEVICE FINISH CODE PACKAGE TYPE MSL RATING SAC305 (RoHS) LTM8049Y e1 BGA 3 TEMPERATURE RANGE (SEE NOTE 2) –40°C to 125°C –40°C to 125°C * Device temperature grade is indicated by a label on the shipping container. • Recommended BGA PCB Assembly and Manufacturing Procedures: www.linear.com/BGA-assy • Pad or ball finish code is per IPC/JEDEC J-STD-609. • Terminal Finish Part Marking: www.linear.com/leadfree • This product is not recommended for second side reflow. For more information, go to www.linear.com/BGA-assy 2 • BGA Package and Tray Drawings: www.linear.com/packaging • This product is moisture sensitive. For more information, go to: www.linear.com/BGA-assy 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The l denotes the specifications which apply over the specified operating temperature range (Notes 2, 3), otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. RUN = 2V unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Minimum Input Operating Voltage l TYP MAX UNITS 2.6 V Positive Output DC Voltage IOUT = 50mA, RFB = 15.4k, VOUTN Grounded IOUT = 50mA, RFB = 274k, VOUTN Grounded 2.5 24 V V Negative Output DC Voltage IOUT = 50mA, RFB = 30.1k, VOUTP Grounded IOUT = 50mA, RFB = 287k, VOUTP Grounded –2.5 –24 V V Maximum Continuous Output DC Current VIN = 12V, VOUT = 5V or –5V VIN = 12V, VOUT = 24 or –24V VIN Quiescent Current VRUN = 0V VRUN = 2V, No Load 0 10 Line Regulation 4 ≤ VIN ≤ 20V, IOUT = 0.6A 0.1 % Load Regulation 0 ≤ IOUT ≤ 1A 0.3 % Switching Frequency RT = 31.6k RT = 412k l l 2100 160 2500 200 2900 240 kHz kHz Voltage at FBX Pin Positive Output Negative Output l l 1.185 2 1.204 7 1.22 16 V mV Current into FBX Pin Positive Output Negative Output l l 81 81 83.3 83.3 85.6 85.6 µA µA RUN pin Threshold Voltage RUN Pin Rising RUN Pin Falling 1.21 1.31 1.27 1.4 V V RUN Pin Current VRUN = 3V VRUN = 1.3V VRUN = 0V 10.1 45 12.1 0 65 14.1 0.1 µA µA µA SS Sourcing Current SS = 0V 5.7 8.8 Synchronization Frequency Range 1 0.25 A A 200 SYNC Input Low Threshold µA mA 11.7 µA 2500 kHz 0.4 SYNC Input High Threshold CLKOUT1 Duty Cycle 2 V 1.3 (Note 5) CLKOUT Output Voltage (Low) 2k Pull-Up to 2V CLKOUT Output Voltage (High) 2k Pull-Down to GND 1.9 PG Threshold for Positive Feedback Voltage FBX Rising 1.09 20 PG Threshold for Negative Feedback Voltage FBX Falling PG Output Voltage Low 100µA into PG, FBX = 1V PG Leakage Current PG = 20V, Run = 0V Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: The LTM8049E is guaranteed to meet performance specifications from 0°C to 125°C. Specifications over the –40°C to 125°C internal temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process controls. LTM8049I is guaranteed to meet specifications over the full –40°C to 125°C internal operating temperature range. Note that the maximum internal temperature is determined by specific operating conditions in conjunction with board layout, the rated package thermal resistance and other environmental factors. V 50 % 0.2 V V 1.2 V 120 mV 150 mV 1 µA Note 3: This μModule regulator includes overtemperature protection that is intended to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Internal temperature will exceed 125°C when overtemperature protection is active. Continuous operation above the specified maximum internal operating junction temperature may impair device reliability. Note 4: CLKOUTn is intended to drive other circuitry. Do not apply a positive or negative voltage or current source to CLKOUT, otherwise permanent damage may occur. Note 5: The duty cycle of CLKOUT2 is dependent upon the internal temperature. See the Applications Information section for more details. 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 3 LTM8049 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 75 65 55 Efficiency, VOUT ±3.3V 65 55 5VIN 8VIN 45 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 45 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 50 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 85 75 65 Efficiency, VOUT ±15V 75 65 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0.5 1 LOAD CURRENT (A) 55 1.5 0 0.50 1 LOAD CURRENT (A) 8049 G04 55 1.50 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 LOAD CURRENT (A) 8049 G05 Efficiency, VOUT ±18V 85 2 8049 G03 Efficiency, VOUT ±12V 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 85 60 5VIN 12VIN 15VIN EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 85 65 0 70 8049 G02 Efficiency, VOUT ±8V 75 55 Efficiency, VOUT ±5V 5VIN 12VIN 8049 G01 85 80 EFFICIENCY (%) Efficiency, VOUT ±2.5V EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 75 1 8049 G06 Efficiency, VOUT ±24V 2.5 Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±2.5V 65 INPUT CURRENT (A) 75 EFFICIENCY (%) EFFICIENCY (%) 2.0 75 65 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 55 0 0.20 0.40 0.60 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0.80 8049 G07 4 55 0.2 0.4 LOAD CURRENT (A) 1.0 0.5 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 1.5 0.6 8049 G08 0 5VIN 8VIN 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 2 8049 G09 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2.5 Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±3.3V 3.0 Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±5V 3.0 Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±8V 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 INPUT CURRENT (A) INPUT CURRENT (A) INPUT CURRENT (A) 2.0 2.0 1.0 5VIN 12VIN 15VIN 5VIN 12VIN 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0 2 0 0.5 1 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) 1.0 0 3.0 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 0.50 1 LOAD CURRENT (A) Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±24V 1.0 2.0 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0 0 0.2 0.4 LOAD CURRENT (A) 0.6 8049 G16 1.0 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 0.2 2.0 PER CHANNEL 0.8 Maximum Load Current vs VIN PER CHANNEL 1.5 1.0 0 0.4 0.6 LOAD CURRENT (A) 8049 G15 Maximum Load Current vs VIN 0.5 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±18V 2.0 0 1 LOAD CURRENT (A) 1.0 1.5 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 1.5 2.0 0.5 1 LOAD CURRENT (A) 8049 G14 LOAD CURRENT (A) INPUT CURRENT (A) 3.0 2.0 0 1.50 Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±15V 8049 G13 3.0 0 8049 G12 INPUT CURRENT (A) Input vs Load Current, VOUT ±12V 2.0 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 8049 G11 INPUT CURRENT (A) INPUT CURRENT (A) 3.0 1.0 0 2 8049 G10 2.0 0.5 2.5VOUT 3.3VOUT 5VOUT 0 5 10 VIN (V) 1.0 15 8049 G17 0 8VOUT 12VOUT 15VOUT 0 5 10 VIN (V) 15 20 8049 G18 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 5 LTM8049 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Maximum Load Current vs VIN 2.00 PER CHANNEL OUTPUT CURRENT (A) LOAD CURRENT (A) 0.50 0.25 2.00 18VOUT 24VOUT 0 5 10 VIN (V) 15 1.00 0.50 0 20 0 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 1.00 0.50 0 125 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 125 8049 G25 125 8049 G24 Derating Curve, VOUT ±18VOUT 0.75 Derating Curve, VOUT ±24VOUT 0 LFM 0.75 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Derating Curve, VOUT ±12VOUT 0 LFM 0.50 125 8049 G23 1.00 0.75 6 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 LFM 0.50 0 LFM 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 1.50 1.00 0 125 Derating Curve, VOUT ±15VOUT 0 0 8049 G21 Derating Curve, VOUT ±8VOUT 8049 G22 0 0 125 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 5VIN 12VIN 15VIN 0.25 0.50 0 LFM 1.00 1.00 1.00 8049 G20 1.50 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 1.50 5VIN 12VIN 8049 G19 1.50 0 0 LFM 1.50 0 LFM 0 Derating Curve, VOUT ±3.3VOUT 5VIN 8VIN Derating Curve, VOUT ±5VOUT 0.50 2.00 0LFM 0.75 0 Derating Curve, VOUT ±2.5VOUT OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 1.00 0.50 0.25 0 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 8049 G26 0.50 0.25 0 5VIN 12VIN 16VIN 0 25 50 75 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 125 8049 G27 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Output Ripple, DC2244A Board 800mA Load, 12VIN Measured Across C5, C6 CLKOUT2 Duty Cycle vs Temperature 80 fSW = 1MHz DUTY CYCLE (%) 12VOUT 50mV/DIV 60 –12VOUT 20mV/DIV 40 500ns/DIV 20 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 8049 G29 125 8049 G28 PIN FUNCTIONS GND (Bank 1): Tie these GND pins to a local ground plane below the LTM8049 and the circuit components. GND MUST BE CONNECTED EITHER TO VOUTP OR VOUTN FOR PROPER OPERATION. In most applications, the bulk of the heat flow out of the LTM8049 is through these pads, so the printed circuit design has a large impact on the thermal performance of the part. See the PCB Layout and Thermal Considerations sections for more details. Return the feedback divider (RFB) to this net. VIN1, VIN2 (Banks 2, 3): The VINn pins supply current to the LTM8049’s internal regulator and to the internal power switch. This pin must be locally bypassed with an external, low ESR capacitor. VOUT1P, VOUT2P (Banks 4, 5): VOUTnP is the positive output of the LTM8049. Apply an external capacitor between VOUTnP and VOUTnN. Tie this net to GND to configure the LMT8049 as a negative output Inverting regulator. VOUT1N, VOUT2N (Banks 6, 7): VOUTnN is the negative output of the LTM8049. Apply an external capacitor between VOUTnP and VOUTnN. Tie this net to GND to configure the LTM8049 as a positive output SEPIC regulator. RUN1, RUN2 (Pins B7, K7): These pins are used to enable/ disable the chip and restart the soft-start sequence. Drive below 1.21V to stop the LTM8049 from switching. Drive above 1.4V to activate the device and restart the soft-start sequence. Do not float this pin. RT1, RT2 (Pins E7, G7): The RTn pins are used to program the switching frequency of the LTM8049 by connecting a resistor from this pin to ground. The switching frequency of the LTM8049 is determined by the equation RTn = (81.6/fOSC)-1, where the fOSC is the switching frequency in MHz. This pin must have a resistor to GND. Do not apply a voltage to this pin. SS1, SS2 (Pins C7, J7): Connect a soft-start capacitor from this pin to GND. Upon start-up, the SSn pins will be charged by an internal current source to about 2V. SYNC1, SYNC2 (Pins D7, H7): To synchronize the switching frequency to an outside clock, simply drive this pin with a clock signal. The high voltage level of the clock needs to exceed 1.3V, and the low level must be less than 0.4V. Drive this pin to less than 0.4V to revert to the internal free running clock. Ground these pins if synchronization is not required. See the Applications Information section for more information. 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 7 LTM8049 PIN FUNCTIONS FBX1, FBX2 (Pins C1, J1): If configured as a SEPIC, the LTM8049 regulates its FBX pin to 1.204V. Apply a resistor between FBX and VOUTP. Its value should be RFB = [(VOUTP – 1.204)/0.0833]k. If the LTM8049 is configured as an inverting converter, the LTM8049 regulates the FBX pin to 7mV. Apply a resistor between FBX and VOUTN of value RFB = [(|VOUTN| + 0.007)/0.0833]k. The LTM8049 features frequency foldback to protect the power switches during a fault or output current overload. During start-up, frequency foldback also limits the current the LTM8049 delivers to the load. The user must evaluate the start-up behavior of the LTM8049 to ensure that it properly powers up the load. CLKOUT1, CLKOUT2 (Pins E6, G6): Use these pins to synchronize devices to either channel of the LTM8049. These pins oscillate at the same frequency as the LTM8049 internal oscillator or, if active, the SYNC pin. The CLKOUT1 signal is about 180° out of phase with the oscillator of channel 1 and duty cycle is about 50%. The CLKOUT2 signal is in phase with the internal oscillator of channel 2 and its duty cycle varies linearly with the internal temperature of the LTM8049. Please refer to the Applications Information section for detailed information on using CLKOUT2 as an indication of the LTM8049 internal temperature. Do not apply a voltage to this pin or use this pin to drive capacitive loads greater than 120pF. PG1, PG2 (Pins D6, H6): These active high pins indicates that the FBn pin voltage for the corresponding channel is within 4% of its regulation voltage These open drain outputs requires a pull-up resistor to indicate power good. Also, the status of these pins is valid only when RUN > 1.4V and VIN > 2.6V. SHARE1, 2 (pins F3, F4): Connect these pins together if the two outputs of the LTM8049 are paralleled. Otherwise, leave these pins floating. BLOCK DIAGRAM VIN1 4.7µH 2.2µF VOUT1P 4.7µH 0.1µF VOUT1N RUN1 FBX1 RT1 SHARE1 CONTROLLER PG1 CLKOUT1 SYNC1 GND 8049 BD NOTE: CHANNEL 1. CHANNEL 2 IS FUNCTIONAL IDENTICAL, EXCEPT FOR THE CLKOUT2 VS TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR. PLEASE SEE THE PIN DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SECTIONS FOR DETAILS. 8 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 OPERATION The LTM8049 contains two stand-alone switching DC/ DC converters; either one may be configured as a SEPIC (single-ended primary inductance converter) or inverting power supply simply by tying VOUTN or VOUTP to GND, respectively. It accepts an input voltage up to 20VDC. The output is adjustable between 2.5V and 24V for the SEPIC, and between –2.5V and –24V for the inverting configuration. The LTM8049 can provide 1.5A at VIN = 12V when VOUT = 5V or –5V at ambient room temperature. As shown in the Block Diagram, the LTM8049 contains a current mode controller, power switching element, power coupled inductor, power Schottky diode and a modest amount of input and output capacitance. The LTM8049 is a fixed frequency PWM regulator. The LTM8049 switching can free run by applying a resistor to the RT pin or synchronize to an external source at a frequency between 200kHz and 2.5MHz. To synchronize to an external source, drive a valid signal source into the SYNC pin. See Synchronization in the Applications Section for more details. The LTM8049 also features RUN and SS pins to control the start-up behavior of the device. The RUN pin may also be used to implement an accurate undervoltage lockout function by applying a resistor network to the RUN pin. The LTM8049 features frequency foldback to protect the power switches during a fault or output current overload. During start-up, frequency foldback also limits the current the LTM8049 delivers to the load. The user must evaluate the start-up behavior of the LTM8049 to ensure that it properly powers up the load. The LTM8049 is equipped with a thermal shutdown to protect the device during momentary overload conditions. It is set above the 125°C absolute maximum internal temperature rating to avoid interfering with normal specified operation, so internal device temperatures will exceed the absolute maximum rating when the overtemperature protection is active. Therefore, continuous or repeated activation of the thermal shutdown may impair device reliability. APPLICATIONS INFORMATION For most applications, the design process is straight forward, summarized as follows: 1. Look at Table 1 and find the row that has the desired input range and output voltage. optimal efficiency over the given input condition is given in the fOPTIMAL column. Running the LTM8049 faster than the recommended frequency may reduce the usable input voltage range. 2. Apply the recommended CIN, COUT, RADJ and RT values. Capacitor Selection Considerations While these component combinations have been tested for proper operation, it is incumbent upon the user to verify proper operation over the intended system’s line, load and environmental conditions. Bear in mind that the maximum output current is limited by junction temperature, the relationship between the input and output voltage magnitude and polarity and other factors. Please refer to the graphs in the Typical Performance Characteristics section for guidance. The CIN and COUT capacitor values in Table 1 are the minimum recommended values for the associated operating conditions. Applying capacitor values below those indicated in Table 1 is not recommended, and may result in undesirable operation. Using larger values is generally acceptable, and can yield improved dynamic response, if it is necessary. Again, it is incumbent upon the user to verify proper operation over the intended system’s line, load and environmental conditions. Table 1 gives the recommended component values and configuration for a single channel. Each channel may be configured independently. The maximum frequency (and attendant RT value) at which the LTM8049 should be allowed to switch is given in Table 1 in the fMAX column, while the recommended frequency (and RT value) for Ceramic capacitors are small, robust and have very low ESR. However, not all ceramic capacitors are suitable. X5R and X7R types are stable over temperature and applied voltage and give dependable service. Other types, including Y5V and Z5U have very large temperature and voltage coefficients of capacitance. In an application For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 8049f 9 LTM8049 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Table 1. Recommended Component Values and Configuration (TA = 25°C) VIN RANGE (V) 2.6V to 11.5V 2.6V to 9.5V VOUT (V) 2.5V –2.5V CIN 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.6V to 18V 2.6V to 12V 3.3V –3.3V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V 2.7V to 15V 5V –5V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V 8V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7 to 18.5V –8V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V 12V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V –12V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V 15V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 2.7V to 20V –15V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 3V to 20V 18V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 3V to 20V –18V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 3.7V to 18V 24V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R 3.7V to 18V –24V 4.7µF 25V 0603 X5R Note: An input bulk capacitor is required. COUT 100µF 4V 0805 X5R 100µF 4V 0805 X5R + 47µF 6.3V 0805 X5R 100µF 4V 0805 X5R 100µF 4V 0805 X5R + 47µF 6.3V 0805 X5R 47µF 6.3V 0805 X5R 100µF 6.3V 1206 X5R + 47µF 10V 1206 X5R 22µF 10V 1206 X5R 2x 47µF 10V 1206 X5R 22µF 16V 1210 X5R 47µF 16V 1210 X5R 22µF 16V 1210 X5R 47µF 16V 1210 X5R 22µF 16V 1210 X7R 22µF 16V 1210 X7R 22µF 25V 1206 X5R 22µF 25V 1206 X5R circuit they may have only a small fraction of their nominal capacitance resulting in much higher output voltage ripple than expected. A final precaution regarding ceramic capacitors concerns the maximum input voltage rating of the LTM8049. A ceramic input capacitor combined with trace or cable inductance forms a high Q (underdamped) tank circuit. If the LTM8049 circuit is plugged into a live supply, the input voltage can ring to twice its nominal value, possibly exceeding the device’s rating. This situation is easily avoided; see the Hot-Plugging Safely section. Programming Switching Frequency The LTM8049 has an operational switching frequency range between 200kHz and 2.5MHz. The free running frequency is programmed with an external resistor from the RT pin to ground. Do not leave this pin open under any condition. When the SYNC pin is driven low (<0.4V), the frequency of operation is set by a resistor from RT to ground. The RT value is calculated by the following equation: RT = 10 RFB (Ω) 15.4k 30.1k fOPTIMAL 600kHz 600kHz RTOPTIMAL (Ω) 137k 137k fMAX 2MHz 2MHz RTMIN (Ω) 38.3k 38.3k 25.5k 39.2k 650kHz 650kHz 124k 124k 2.3MHz 2.3MHz 33.2k 33.2k 45.3k 60.4k 750k 750k 107k 107k 2.5MHz 2.5MHz 31.6k 31.6k 82.5k 95.3k 130k 143k 165k 178k 200k 215k 274k 287k 1MHz 1MHz 1MHz 1MHz 1.1MHz 1.1MHz 1.5MHz 1.5MHz 1.5MHz 1.5MHz 80.6k 80.6k 80.6k 80.6k 73.2k 73.2k 53.6k 53.6k 53.6k 53.6k 2.5MHz 2.5MHz 2.5MHz 2.5MHz 1.9MHz 1.9MHz 1.8MHz 1.8MHz 1.8MHz 1.8MHz 31.6k 31.6k 31.6k 31.6k 41.2k 41.2k 45.3k 45.3k 45.3k 45.3k Switching Frequency Trade-Offs It is recommended that the user apply the optimal RT value given in Table 1 for the corresponding input and output operating condition. System level or other considerations, however, may necessitate another operating frequency. While the LTM8049 is flexible enough to accommodate a wide range of operating frequencies, a haphazardly chosen one may result in undesirable operation under certain operating or fault conditions. A frequency that is too high can reduce efficiency, reduce the usable input voltage range, generate excessive heat or even damage the LTM8049 in some fault conditions. A frequency that is too low can result in a final design that has too much output ripple or too large of an output capacitor. Note that the Maximum Output Current vs Input Voltage curves given in the Typical Characteristics section are for the recommended operating conditions in Table 1. Using a different operating frequency may result in a different maximum output current. 81.6 – 1, where fOSC is in MHz and R T is in kΩ fOSC 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Soft-Start The soft-start circuitry provides for a gradual ramp-up of the switch current in each channel. When the channel is enabled, the external SS capacitor is first discharged. This resets the state of the logic circuits in the channel. Then an integrated resistor pulls the channel’s SS pin to about 1.8V. The LTM8049 has a built-in soft-start characteristic, but a slower ramp rate may be implemented by adding capacitance to the SS pin. Typical values are between 0.1µF and 1µF. The RUN pin has a voltage hysteresis with typical thresholds of 1.31V (rising) and 1.27V (falling). Resistor RUVLO2 is optional. RUVLO2 can be included to reduce the overall UVLO voltage variation caused by variations in the RUN pin current (see the Electrical Characteristics). A good choice for RUVLO2 is ≤10k + 1%. After choosing a value for RUVLO2, RUVLO1 can be determined from either of the following: RUVLO1 = Configurable Undervoltage Lockout Figure 1 shows how to configure an undervoltage lockout (UVLO) for the LTM8049. Typically, UVLO is used in situations where the input supply is current-limited, has a relatively high source resistance, or ramps up/down slowly. A switching regulator draws constant power from the source, so source current increases as source voltage drops. This looks like a negative resistance load to the source and can cause the source to current-limit or latch low under low source voltage conditions. UVLO prevents the regulator from operating at source voltages where these problems might occur. LTM8049 VIN VIN RUVLO1 1.31V RUN 12.3µA AT 1.31V RUVLO2 (OPTIONAL) ACTIVE/ LOCKOUT 8049 F01 Figure 1. The RUN Pin May Be Used to Implement an Accurate UVLO The RUN pin sinks 12.1µA at the 1.31V rising threshold voltage and about 11.6µA at the 1.27V falling threshold. This makes it easy to set up an input voltage UVLO threshold with just a single resistor. For a desired VIN threshold, choose RUVLO1 using the equation: VIN – 1.31V 12.1µA RUVLO1 = VIN(FALLING) – 1.27V 1.29V +11.6µA RUVLO2 where VIN(RISING) and VIN(FALLING) are the VIN threshold voltages when rising or falling respectively. For example, to disable the LTM8049 for VIN voltages below 3.5V using the single resistor configuration, choose: RUVLO1 = 3.5V – 1.27V ≅191k 1.29V +11.6µA ∞ To activate the LTM8049 for VIN greater than 4.5V using the two resistor configuration, choose RUVLO2 = 10k and: RUVLO1 = GND RUVLO1 = or – + VIN(RISING) – 1.31V 1.32V +12.1µA RUVLO2 4.5V – 1.31V ≅ 22.1k 1.32V +12.1µA 10k Internal Undervoltage Lockout The LTM8049 monitors the VIN supply voltage in case VIN drops below a minimum operating level (typically about 2.3V). When VIN is detected low, the power switch is deactivated, and while sufficient VIN voltage persists, the soft-start capacitor is discharged. After VIN is sufficiently high, the LTM8049 will reactivate and the soft-start capacitor will begin charging. 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 11 LTM8049 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Frequency Foldback that internal temperatures will exceed the 125°C absolute maximum rating when the overtemperature protection is active, possibly impairing the device’s reliability. The frequency foldback function reduces the switching frequency for that channel when the output is about 15% below the target regulation point. This feature lowers the operating frequency, thus controlling the maximum output current during start-up. When the FBX voltage is pulled above the above mentioned range in a positive output voltage application, the switching frequency for that channel runs that the rate set by the RT resistor value. Note that the maximum output current at start-up is a function of many variables including load profile, output capacitance, target VOUT, VIN, switching frequency, so the user must evaluate the performance of the LTM8049 to ensure that it properly powers up its load. PCB Layout Most of the headaches associated with PCB layout have been alleviated or even eliminated by the high level of integration of the LTM8049. The LTM8049 is nevertheless a switching power supply, and care must be taken to minimize EMI and ensure proper operation. Even with the high level of integration, you may fail to achieve specified operation with a haphazard or poor layout. See Figure 2 for a suggested layout. Ensure that the grounding and heat-sinking are acceptable. A few rules to keep in mind are: Thermal Shutdown 1. Place the RFBX and RT resistors as close as possible to their respective pins. If the part is too hot, the LTM8049 engages its thermal shutdown and terminates switching and discharges the soft-start capacitor. When the part has cooled, the part automatically restarts. This thermal shutdown is set to engage at temperatures above the 125°C absolute maximum internal operating rating to ensure that it does not interfere with functionality in the specified operating range. This means 2. Place the CIN capacitor as close as possible to the VIN and GND connection of the LTM8049. 3. Place the COUT capacitor as close as possible to the VOUT and GND connection of the LTM8049. GND VIN1 RUN1 SS1 SYNC1 RT1 RT2 SYNC2 SS2 RUN2 VIN2 PG1 CLKOUT1 CLKOUT2 PG2 CIN1 GND SHARE2 CIN2 GND SHARE1 FBX1 FBX2 COUT1 VOUT1 (POSITIVE OUTPUT) COUT2 GND VOUT2 (NEGATIVE OUTPUT) THERMAL/GND VIAS GND 8049 F02 Figure 2. Layout Showing Suggested External Components, GND Plane and Thermal Vias 12 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 4. Place the CIN and COUT capacitors such that their ground current flow directly adjacent or underneath the LTM8049. 5. Connect all of the GND connections to as large a copper pour or plane area as possible on the top layer. Avoid breaking the ground connection between the external components and the LTM8049. 6. Use vias to connect the GND copper area to the board’s internal ground planes. Liberally distribute these GND vias to provide both a good ground connection and thermal path to the internal planes of the printed circuit board. Pay attention to the location and density of the thermal vias in Figure 2. The LTM8049 can benefit from the heat-sinking afforded by vias that connect to internal GND planes at these locations, due to their proximity to internal power handling components. The optimum number of thermal vias depends upon the printed circuit board design. For example, a board might use very small via holes. It should employ more thermal vias than a board that uses larger holes. Hot-Plugging Safely The small size, robustness and low impedance of ceramic capacitors make them an attractive option for the input bypass capacitor of LTM8049. However, these capacitors can cause problems if the LTM8049 is plugged into a live input supply (see Application Note 88 for a complete discussion). The low loss ceramic capacitor combined with stray inductance in series with the power source forms an underdamped tank circuit, and the voltage at the VIN pin of the LTM8049 can ring to more than twice the nominal input voltage, possibly exceeding the LTM8049’s rating and damaging the part. If the input supply is poorly controlled or the user will be plugging the LTM8049 into an energized supply, the input network should be designed to prevent this overshoot. This can be accomplished by installing a small resistor in series to VIN, but the most popular method of controlling input voltage overshoot is to add an electrolytic bulk capacitor to the VIN net. This capacitor’s relatively high equivalent series resistance damps the circuit and eliminates the voltage overshoot. The extra capacitor improves low frequency ripple filtering and can slightly improve the efficiency of the circuit, though it is physically large. Thermal Considerations The LTM8049 output current may need to be derated if it is required to operate in a high ambient temperature or deliver a large amount of continuous power. The amount of current derating is dependent upon the input voltage, output power and ambient temperature. The temperature rise curves given in the Typical Performance Characteristics section can be used as a guide. These curves were generated by a LTM8049 mounted to a 58cm2 4-layer FR4 printed circuit board. Boards of other sizes and layer count can exhibit different thermal behavior, so it is incumbent upon the user to verify proper operation over the intended system’s line, load and environmental operating conditions. The thermal resistance numbers listed in Page 2 of the data sheet are based on modeling the µModule package mounted on a test board specified per JESD51-9 (Test Boards for Area Array Surface Mount Package Thermal Measurements). The thermal coefficients provided in this page are based on JESD 51-12 (Guidelines for Reporting and Using Electronic Package Thermal Information). For increased accuracy and fidelity to the actual application, many designers use FEA to predict thermal performance. To that end, Page 2 of the data sheet typically gives four thermal coefficients: θJA: Thermal resistance from junction to ambient θJCbottom: Thermal resistance from junction to the bottom of the product case θJCtop: Thermal resistance from junction to top of the product case θJB: Thermal resistance from junction to the printed circuit board. While the meaning of each of these coefficients may seem to be intuitive, JEDEC has defined each to avoid confusion and inconsistency. These definitions are given in JESD 51-12, and are quoted or paraphrased below: θJA is the natural convection junction-to-ambient air thermal resistance measured in a one cubic foot sealed enclosure. This environment is sometimes referred to as 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 13 LTM8049 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION still air although natural convection causes the air to move. This value is determined with the part mounted to a JESD 51-9 defined test board, which does not reflect an actual application or viable operating condition. θJCbottom is the thermal resistance between the junction and bottom of the package with all of the component power dissipation flowing through the bottom of the package. In the typical µModule converter, the bulk of the heat flows out the bottom of the package, but there is always heat flow out into the ambient environment. As a result, this thermal resistance value may be useful for comparing packages but the test conditions don’t generally match the user’s application. θJCtop is determined with nearly all of the component power dissipation flowing through the top of the package. As the electrical connections of the typical µModule converter are on the bottom of the package, it is rare for an application to operate such that most of the heat flows from the junction to the top of the part. As in the case of θJCbottom, this value may be useful for comparing packages but the test conditions don’t generally match the user’s application. θJB is the junction-to-board thermal resistance where almost all of the heat flows through the bottom of the µModule converter and into the board, and is really the sum of the θJCbottom and the thermal resistance of the bottom of the part through the solder joints and through a portion of the board. The board temperature is measured a specified distance from the package, using a two sided, two layer board. This board is described in JESD 51-9. Given these definitions, it should now be apparent that none of these thermal coefficients reflects an actual physical operating condition of a µModule converter. Thus, none of them can be individually used to accurately predict the thermal performance of the product. Likewise, it would be inappropriate to attempt to use any one coefficient to correlate to the junction temperature vs load graphs given in the product’s data sheet. The only appropriate way to use the coefficients is when running a detailed thermal analysis, such as FEA, which considers all of the thermal resistances simultaneously. A graphical representation of these thermal resistances is given in Figure 3. The blue resistances are contained within the µModule converter, and the green are outside. The die temperature of the LTM8049 must be lower than the maximum rating of 125°C, so care should be taken in the layout of the circuit to ensure good heat sinking of the LTM8049. The bulk of the heat flow out of the LTM8049 is through the bottom of the μModule converter and the BGA pads into the printed circuit board. Consequently a poor printed circuit board design can cause excessive heating, resulting in impaired performance or reliability. Please refer to the PCB Layout section for printed circuit board design suggestions. JUNCTION-TO-AMBIENT RESISTANCE (JESD 51-9 DEFINED BOARD) JUNCTION-TO-CASE (TOP) RESISTANCE JUNCTION CASE (TOP)-TO-AMBIENT RESISTANCE JUNCTION-TO-BOARD RESISTANCE JUNCTION-TO-CASE CASE (BOTTOM)-TO-BOARD (BOTTOM) RESISTANCE RESISTANCE AMBIENT BOARD-TO-AMBIENT RESISTANCE 8049 F03 µMODULE DEVICE Figure 3. Graphical Representation of JESD51-12 Thermal Coefficients 14 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS ±5V Converter Maximum Load Current vs VIN VIN1 4.7µF ×2 107k 750kHz 107k 750kHz VOUT1P FBX1 RUN1 RT1 SYNC2 RT2 45.3k VOUT1N CLKOUT1 47µF LTM8049 VIN2 VOUT2P FBX2 RUN2 SYNC1 2.0 VOUT1 5V 147µF 1.5 LOAD CURRENT (A) VIN 2.7V TO 15V 1.0 0.5 60.4k VOUT2 –5V VOUT2N PINS NOT USED: SS1, SS2, PG1, PG2, CLKOUT2, SHARE1, SHARE2 0 0 5 10 15 VIN (V) 8049 TA02a 8049 TA02b Parallel 8V Outputs for Increased Current VIN1 4.7µF ×2 80.6k 1MHz Maximum Load Current vs VIN VOUT1P FBX1 RUN1 RT1 3.5 82.5k VOUT1N CLKOUT1 SYNC2 SHARE1 VOUT 8V LTM8049 SHARE2 80.6k 1MHz RT2 VIN2 RUN2 SYNC1 PINS NOT USED: SS1, SS2, PG1, PG2, CLKOUT2 VOUT2P FBX2 VOUT2N 82.5k 47µF LOAD CURRENT (A) VIN 2.7V TO 20V 2.5 1.5 0.5 0 5 10 VIN (V) 15 20 8049 TA03b 8049 TA03a 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 15 LTM8049 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Pin Assignment Table (Arranged by Pin Number) PIN NAME PIN NAME A1 VOUT1P B1 VOUT1P C1 FBX1 D1 VOUT1N E1 VOUT1N F1 GND A2 VOUT1P B2 VOUT1P B3 GND C2 VOUT1N C3 GND D2 VOUT1N D3 GND E2 VOUT1N F2 GND E3 GND F3 SHARE1 A3 GND PIN NAME PIN NAME PIN NAME PIN NAME A4 GND B4 GND C4 GND D4 GND E4 GND F4 SHARE2 A5 VIN1 B5 GND C5 GND D5 GND E5 GND F5 GND A6 VIN1 B6 GND C6 GND D6 PG1 E6 CLKOUT1 F6 GND A7 VIN1 B7 RUN1 C7 SS1 D7 SYNC1 E7 RT1 GND PIN NAME PIN NAME F7 PIN NAME PIN NAME G1 VOUT2N J1 FBX2 K1 VOUT2P L1 VOUT2P G2 VOUT2N H1 VOUT2N H2 VOUT2N PIN NAME J2 VOUT2N K2 VOUT2P L2 VOUT2P G3 GND H3 GND J3 GND K3 GND L3 GND G4 GND H4 GND J4 GND K4 GND L4 GND G5 GND H5 GND J5 GND K5 GND L5 VIN2 G6 CLKOUT2 H6 PG2 J6 GND K6 GND L6 VIN2 G7 RT2 J7 SS2 K7 RUN2 L7 VIN2 H7 SYNC2 PACKAGE PHOTO 16 8049f For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 LTM8049 PACKAGE DESCRIPTION Please refer to http://www.linear.com/product/LTM8049#packaging for the most recent package drawings. BGA Package 77-Lead (15.00mm × 9.00mm × 2.42mm) (Reference LTC DWG# 05-08-1964 Rev A) A aaa Z E Y Z X SEE NOTES DETAIL A A2 7 G SEE NOTES PIN 1 3 A1 A ccc Z PIN “A1” CORNER B 4 C b1 MOLD CAP b D E SUBSTRATE D F G Z H2 // bbb Z F H1 DETAIL B H J e Øb (77 PLACES) K ddd M Z X Y eee M Z L aaa Z 7 PACKAGE TOP VIEW 3.810 2.540 DETAIL A 1.270 0.3175 0.3175 1.270 2.540 3.810 0.000 DETAIL B PACKAGE SIDE VIEW 5.080 3.810 2.540 1.270 0.000 1.270 2.540 3.810 5.080 6.350 SUGGESTED PCB LAYOUT TOP VIEW SYMBOL A A1 A2 b b1 D E e F G H1 H2 aaa bbb ccc ddd eee MIN 2.22 0.50 1.72 0.60 0.60 0.27 1.45 5 4 3 2 1 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M-1994 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS DIMENSIONS 6.350 0.630 ±0.025 Ø 77x 6 PACKAGE BOTTOM VIEW NOM 2.42 0.60 1.82 0.75 0.63 15.00 9.00 1.27 12.70 7.62 0.32 1.50 MAX 2.62 0.70 1.92 0.90 0.66 0.37 1.55 0.15 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.15 TOTAL NUMBER OF BALLS: 77 NOTES 3 BALL DESIGNATION PER JESD MS-028 AND JEP95 4 DETAILS OF PIN #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE PIN #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE 5. PRIMARY DATUM -Z- IS SEATING PLANE 6. SOLDER BALL COMPOSITION IS 96.5% Sn/3.0% Ag/0.5% Cu 7 ! PACKAGE ROW AND COLUMN LABELING MAY VARY AMONG µModule PRODUCTS. REVIEW EACH PACKAGE LAYOUT CAREFULLY LTMXXXXXX µModule COMPONENT PIN “A1” TRAY PIN 1 BEVEL PACKAGE IN TRAY LOADING ORIENTATION BGA 77 0114 REV A 8049f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its information circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. For more www.linear.com/LTM8049 17 LTM8049 TYPICAL APPLICATION Parallel Outputs to Increase –5V Output Current VIN1 4.7µF ×2 107k 750kHz VOUT1P FBX1 RUN1 RT1 Maximum Load Current vs VIN 100µF ×2 4 60.4k VOUT1N CLKOUT1 3 LOAD CURRENT (A) VIN 2.7V TO 15V SYNC2 SHARE1 LTM8049 SHARE2 107k 750kHz RT2 VIN2 VOUT2P RUN2 FBX2 SYNC1 1 60.4k VOUT –5V VOUT2N PINS NOT USED: SS1, SS2, PG1, PG2, CLKOUT2 2 0 8049 TA04a 0 5 10 VIN (V) 15 20 8049 TA04b DESIGN RESOURCES SUBJECT DESCRIPTION µModule Design and Manufacturing Resources Design: • Selector Guides • Demo Boards and Gerber Files • Free Simulation Tools µModule Regulator Products Search 1. Sort table of products by parameters and download the result as a spread sheet. Manufacturing: • Quick Start Guide • PCB Design, Assembly and Manufacturing Guidelines • Package and Board Level Reliability 2. Search using the Quick Power Search parametric table. TechClip Videos Quick videos detailing how to bench test electrical and thermal performance of µModule products. Digital Power System Management Linear Technology’s family of digital power supply management ICs are highly integrated solutions that offer essential functions, including power supply monitoring, supervision, margining and sequencing, and feature EEPROM for storing user configurations and fault logging. RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENT LTM8045 Single. Inverting or SEPIC µModule DC/DC Convertor 2.8 ≤ VIN ≤ 18V. ±2.5V ≤ VOUT ≤ ±15V. 6.25mm × 11.25mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8046 2kVAC, 2.75W Isolated DC/DC µModule Converter 3.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 31V, 1.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 12V. 5V at 550mA from 24VIN, 9mm × 15mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8047 725kVDC, 1.5W Isolated DC/DC µModule Converter 3.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 32V, 2.5V ≤ VOUT ≤ 12V. 9mm × 11.25mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8048 725kVDC, 1.5W Isolated DC/DC µModule Converter with Integrated LDO 3.1V ≤ VIN ≤ 32V, 1.2V ≤ LDO VOUT ≤ 12V. 9mm × 11.25mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8067 2kVAC, 2.25W Isolated DC/DC µModule Converter 2.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, 2.5V ≤ VOUT ≤ 24V. 9mm × 11.25mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8068 2kVAC, 2.25W Isolated DC/DC µModule Converter with Integrated LDO 2.8V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V, 1.2V ≤ LDO VOUT ≤ 18V. 9mm × 11.25mm × 4.92mm BGA LTM8023 36VIN, 2A, Step-Down DC/DC µModule Converter. Can Be 3.6V ≤ VIN ≤ 36V, 0.8V ≤ VOUT ≤ 10V. 9mm x 11.25mm x 2.82mm LGA. Used for Inverting 9mm x 11.25mm x 3.52mm BGA LTM8053 40VIN, 3.5A Step-Down DC/DC µModule Regulator. Can be used for inverting. 18 Linear Technology Corporation 3.4V ≤ VIN ≤ 40V. 0.97V ≤ VOUT ≤ 15V. 6.25mm x 9mm x 3.32mm BGA. 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 For more information www.linear.com/LTM8049 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com/LTM8049 8049f LT 0816 • PRINTED IN USA LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2016