FEATURES High Efficiency: 94% @ 12Vin, 5.0V/40A out Wide input range: 4.5V~13.8V Output voltage programmable from 0.6Vdc to 5.0Vdc via external resistors No minimum load required Fixed frequency operation Input UVLO, output SCP, OVP. Remote On/Off (Positive logic) Power Good Function RoHS 5 / RoHS 6 ISO 9001, TL 9000, ISO 14001, QS9000, OHSAS18001 certified manufacturing facility Delphi D12F200 Non-Isolated Point of Load DC/DC Modules: 4.5V~13.8Vin, 0.6V~5.0Vout, 40A OPTIONS The D12F200, 4.5~13.8V wide input, single output, non-isolated point of load DC/DC converter is the latest offering from a world leader in power systems technology and manufacturing -- Delta Electronics, Inc. The D12F200 and ND/NE product families are part of the second generation, non-isolated point-of-load DC/DC power modules which cut the module size by almost 50% in most of the cases compared to the first generation NC series POL modules for networking and data communication applications. D12F200 product provides up to 40A output current and the output can be resistor trimmed from 0.6Vdc to 5.0Vdc. It provides a highly efficient, high power and current density and very cost effective point of load solution. With creative design technology and optimization of component placement, these converters possess outstanding electrical and thermal performance, as well as extremely high reliability under highly stressful operating conditions. DATASHEET DS_D12F200_11042008 APPLICATIONS Telecom / DataCom Distributed power architectures Servers and workstations LAN / WAN applications Data processing applications TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Ambient Temperature=25°C, nominal Vin=12Vdc unless otherwise specified.) PARAMETER NOTES and CONDITIONS D12F200 Min. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Operating Temperature Storage Temperature INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold Turn-Off Voltage Threshold Maximum Input Current No-Load Input Current Off Converter Input Current OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Adjustment Range Output Voltage Set Point Output Voltage Regulation Over Load Over Line Total output range Output Voltage Ripple and Noise Peak-to-Peak Output Current Range Output Voltage Under-shoot at Power-Off Output short-circuit current, RMS value Over Current Protection Over Voltage Protection DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Transient Response Output Dynamic Load Response Settling Time Turn-On Transient Rise Time Turn on Delay (power) Turn on Delay (Remote on/off) Turn on Transient (overshoot) Turn off Transient (undershoot) Maximum Output Capacitance EFFICIENCY Vo=0.6V Vo=0.9V Vo=1.2V Vo=1.5V Vo=1.8V Vo=2.5V Vo=3.3V Vo=5.0V FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency ON/OFF Control Logic High Logic Low Remote Sense Range Power Good Power Good Delay Output to Power Good Delay Time GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Calculated MTBF Weight DS_D12F200_11042008 Refer to Fig.37 for the measuring point Typ. Max. Units -0.3 0 -40 13.8 70 125 Vdc °C °C 4.5 13.8 V 18 300 20 Vdc Vdc A mA mA 4.3 4.0 Vin=12V, Vo=5V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Vo=5V, Io=40A Remote OFF 260 17 Refer to Fig.19 for the relations between input and output voltage With a 0.1% trim resistor 0.6 -1.0 5.0 +1.0 Vdc %Vo Vo≦1.2Vdc Vo＞1.2Vdc Vin=Vin_min to Vin_max Over load, line, temperature regulation and set point 5Hz to 20MHz bandwidth Full Load, 10uF Tan cap, total input & output range -20 -1.5 -0.5 -3.0 +20 +1.5 +0.5 +3.0 mV %Vo %Vo %Vo 50 40 100 mV A mV A A % 120 130 150 160 mVpk mVpk 20 50 µs 8 13 13 0.5% 15 25 20 mS mS mS Vo mV µF µF 20 0 Vin=12V, Turn OFF 12Vin, 5Vout Hiccup mode Hiccup mode 10 70 120 25% step load, Slew rate=10A/uS, 0.6V~1.8V output 25% step load, Slew rate=10A/uS, 2.5V~ 5.0V output 12Vin, 2.5Vout, 1µF ceramic and 10µF Tan cap Settling to be within regulation band (to 10% Vo deviation) From 10% to 90% of Vo Vin=12V, Io=min-max. (Wthin 10% of Vo) Vin=12V, Io=min-max. (Wthin 10% of Vo) ESR ≥ 10mΩ ESR < 10mΩ 0 0 Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A Vin=12V, Io=40A 70 78 81 84 85 88 90 92 Fixed, per phase Positive logic (internally pulled high) Module On (or leave the pin open) Module Off 1.2 0 Vo is out off +/-10% Vo,set Vo is within +/-10% Vo,set 0 4.0 100 20000 5000 71.4 79.4 83.5 85.9 87.5 90.4 92.2 94.0 % % % % % % % % 500 KHz 0.2 25℃, 300LFM, 80% load 5.6 14 Vinmax 0.6 0.5 0.4 5.1 2 1 V V V V V mS mS Mhours grams 2 90 95 85 90 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES 80 75 70 5Vin 65 12Vin 13.8Vin 75 5Vin 12Vin 13.8Vin 65 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) 35 0 40 Figure 1: Converter efficiency vs. output current (0.9V output voltage, 5V&12V input) 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) 35 40 Figure 2: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.2V output voltage, 5V&12V input) 100 100 5Vin 12Vin 13.8Vin 95 Efficiency (%) 95 Efficiency (%) 80 70 60 90 85 80 90 85 80 75 75 70 70 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) 35 95 95 Efficiency (%) 100 90 85 80 75 12Vin 5 12Vin 13.8Vin 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) 35 40 Figure 4: Converter efficiency vs. output current (2.5V output voltage, 5V&12V input) 100 7Vin 5Vin 0 40 Figure 3: Converter efficiency vs. output current (1.8V output voltage, 5V&12V input) Efficiency (%) 85 13.8Vin 90 85 80 9Vin 75 70 12Vin 13.8Vin 70 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) Figure 5: Converter efficiency vs. output current (3.3V output voltage, 12V input) DS_D12F200_11042008 35 40 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current, Io (A) 35 40 Figure 6: Converter efficiency vs. output current (5.0V output voltage, 12V input) 3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CONTINUED) Figure 7: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 0.9V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) Figure 8: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.2V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) Figure 9: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 1.8V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) Figure 10: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 2.5V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) Figure 11: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 3.3V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) Figure 12: Output ripple & noise at 12Vin, 5.0V/40A out (10mv/div, 2uS/div) DS_D12F200_11042008 4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CONTINUED) Figure 13: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 0.9V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo Figure 14: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 1.2V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo Figure 15: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 1.8V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo Figure 16: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 2.5V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo Figure 17: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 3.3V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo Figure 18: Turn on delay time at 12Vin, 5.0V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Enable, Ch2: PG, Ch3: Vo DS_D12F200_11042008 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CONTINUED) Figure 19: Transient Response at 12Vin, 0.9V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div Figure 20: Transient Response at 12Vin, 1.2V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div Figure 21: Transient Response at 12Vin, 1.8V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div Figure 22: Transient Response at 12Vin, 2.5V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div Figure 23: Transient Response at 12Vin, 3.3V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div Figure 24: Transient Response at 12Vin, 5.0V/40A out (1mS/div) Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 10A/div DS_D12F200_11042008 6 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS CURVES (CONTINUED) Figure 25: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 0.9V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div Figure 26: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 1.2V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div Figure 27: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 1.8V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div Figure 28: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 2.5V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div Figure 29: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 3.3V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div Figure 30: Short Circuit Protection at 12Vin, 5.0V out (1mS/div), Ch1: Vo, Ch2: Io, 50A/div DS_D12F200_11042008 7 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS The D12F200 uses a two phase and voltage mode controlled buck topology. The output can be trimmed in the range of 0.6Vdc to 5.0Vdc by a resistor from Trim pin to Ground. Enable (On/Off) The converter can be turned ON/OFF by remote control. Positive on/off (ENABLE pin) logic implies that the converter DC output is enabled when the signal is driven high (greater than 1.2V) or floating and disabled when the signal is driven low (below 0.6V). The converter provides an open collector Power Good signal. The power good signal is pulled low when output is not within ±10% of Vout or Enable is OFF. For output voltages above 1.8V, please refer to Figure 31 below for minimum input voltage requirement for proper module operations. The converter can protect itself by entering hiccup mode against over current and short circuit condition. Safety Considerations The ENABLE (on/off) input allows external circuitry to put the D12F200 converter into a low power dissipation (sleep) mode. Positive ENABLE is available as standard. Positive ENABLE units of the D12F200 series are turned on if the ENABLE pin is high or floating. Pulling the pin low will turn off the unit. With the active high function, the output is guaranteed to turn on if the ENABLE pin is driven above 1.2V. The output will turn off if the ENABLE pin voltage is pulled below 0.6V. Input Under-Voltage Lockout The input under-voltage lockout prevents the converter from being damaged while operating when the input voltage is too low. The under-voltage lockout is adjustable by adding a resistor (Figure 32) between Enable pin and ground pin per the following equation: Re n( KΩ) = Default lockout range is between 4.3V and 4.0V. It is recommended that the user to provide a fuse in the input line for safety. The output voltage set-point and the output current in the application could define the amperage rating of the fuse. 5.5 Unit 4.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE(V) 4.0 3.0 Vo=2. 5V 2.5 1.5 1.0 Vo=0. 6V 0.5 0.0 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 9.5 10.5 11.5 12.5 13.5 Enable Trim(+) GND GND Reflected Ripple Current and Output Ripple and Noise Measurement Vo=1. 8V 2.0 Vout Figure 32: Enable input drive circuit example. Vo=3. 3V 3.5 Vin Ren Vo=5V 5.0 3.5 315 14Ven + 3.8 14.5 The measurement set-up outlined in Figure 33 has been used for both input reflected/ terminal ripple current and output voltage ripple and noise measurements on D12F200 converters. INPUT VOLTAGE(V) Input reflected current measurement point Figure 31: minimum input voltage required for output Ltest DC-DC Converter Vin+ Load voltages above 1.8V Cs Cin 1uF Ceramic 10uF Tan Output voltage ripple noise measurement point Cs=330μF OS-con cap x1, Ltest=1μH, Cin=330μF OS-con cap x1 DS_D12F200_11042008 Figure 33: Input reflected ripple/ capacitor ripple current and output voltage ripple and noise measurement setup for D12F200 8 FEATURES DESCRIPTIONS (CON.) Over-Current and Short-Circuit Protection The D12F200 modules have non-latching over-current and short-circuit protection circuitry. When over current condition occurs, the module goes into the non-latching hiccup mode. When the over-current condition is removed, the module will resume normal operation. Output Voltage Programming The output voltage of the D12F200 is trimmable by connecting an external resistor between the trim pin and output ground as shown Figure 35 and the typical trim resistor values are shown in Table 1. Unit An over current condition is detected by measuring the voltage drop across the inductor. The voltage drop across the inductor is also a function of the inductor’s DCR. Vin Vout Enable Trim(+) Note that none of the module specifications are guaranteed when the unit is operated in an over-current condition. GND GND Output Over Voltage Protection (OVP) The converter will shut down when an output over voltage protection is detected. Once the OVP condition is detected, controller will stop all PWM outputs and turn on low-side MOSFET to prevent any damage to load. Remote Sense The D12F200 provide Vo remote sensing to achieve proper regulation at the load points and reduce effects of distribution losses on output line. In the event of an open remote sense line, the module shall maintain local sense regulation through an internal resistor. The module shall correct for a total of 0.5V of loss. The remote sense connects as shown in Figure 34. Rtrim Figure 35: Trimming Output Voltage The D12F200 module has a trim range of 0.6V to 5.0V. The trim resistor equation for the D12F200 is: Rtrim(Ω) = 1200 Vout − 0.6 Vout is the output voltage setpoint Rtrim is the resistance between Trim and Ground Rtrim values should not be less than 270Ω Output 0.6V +0.9 V +1.2V +1.5 V +1.8V +2.5 V +3.3 V +5.0V Rtrim (Ω) open 4K 2K 1.33K 1K 631.6 444.4 272.7 Table 1: Typical trim resistor values Power Good Figure 34: Circuit configuration for remote sense Output Capacitance There are internal output capacitors on the D12F200 modules. Hence, no external output capacitor is required for stable operation. DS_D12F200_11042008 The converter provides an open collector signal called Power Good. This output pin uses positive logic and is open collector. This power good output is able to sink 4mA and set high when the output is within ±10% of output set point. The power good signal is pulled low when output is not within ±10% of Vout or Enable is OFF. Paralleling D12F200 converters do not have built-in current sharing (paralleling) ability. Hence, paralleling of multiple D12F200 converters is not recommended. 9 THERMAL CONSIDERATION THERMAL CURVES Thermal management is an important part of the system design. To ensure proper, reliable operation, sufficient cooling of the power module is needed over the entire temperature range of the module. Convection cooling is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer. Hence, the choice of equipment to characterize the thermal performance of the power module is a wind tunnel. Thermal Testing Setup Delta’s DC/DC power modules are characterized in heated vertical wind tunnels that simulate the thermal environments encountered in most electronics equipment. This type of equipment commonly uses vertically mounted circuit cards in cabinet racks in which the power modules are mounted. The following figure shows the wind tunnel characterization setup. The power module is mounted on a test PWB and is vertically positioned within the wind tunnel. The space between the neighboring PWB and the top of the power module is constantly kept at 6.35mm (0.25’’). Figure 37: Temperature measurement location* The allowed maximum hot spot temperature is defined at 125℃ Output Current (A) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =5V (Worst Orientation) 45 40 35 30 Natural Convection 25 Thermal Derating Heat can be removed by increasing airflow over the module. To enhance system reliability, the power module should always be operated below the maximum operating temperature. If the temperature exceeds the maximum module temperature, reliability of the unit may be affected. 15 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 10 5 0 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 38: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @Vin=12V, Vout=5.0V (Airflow from Pin1 to Pin11) PWB FACING PWB 400LFM 100LFM 20 MODULE Output Current (A) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =3.3V (Worst Orientation) 45 40 35 AIR VELOCITY AND AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MEASURED BELOW THE MODULE 30 Natural Convection 25 50.8 (2.0”) AIR FLOW 400LFM 100LFM 20 15 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 10 11 (0.43”) 22 (0.87”) 5 0 25 Note: Wind tunnel test setup figure dimensions are in millimeters and (Inches) 35 45 55 65 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 39: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vout=3.3V (Worst Orientation) Figure 36: Wind tunnel test setup DS_D12F200_11042008 10 THERMAL CURVES Output Current (A) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =2.5V (Worst Orientation) 45 Output Current (A) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =1.2V (Worst Orientation) 45 40 40 35 35 Natural Convection 30 30 25 Natural Convection 25 100LFM 400LFM 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 20 400LFM 100LFM 20 15 15 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 10 10 5 5 0 25 35 45 55 65 0 25 35 45 55 65 Figure 40: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=5.0V, Vout=2.5V (Worst Orientation) Output Current (A) 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =1.8V (Worst Orientation) 45 40 Figure 43: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @Vin=12V, Vout=1.2V (Worst Orientation) Output Current (A) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =0.9V (Worst Orientation) 70 60 35 50 30 Natural Convection Natural Convection 40 25 15 400LFM 100LFM 400LFM 100LFM 20 30 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 20 10 10 5 0 0 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 41: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity @Vin=12V, Vout=1.8V (Worst Orientation) Output Current (A) 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 44: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=12V, Vout=0.9V (Worst Orientation) D12F200A Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature and Air Velocity @ Vin =12V, Vout =1.5V (Worst Orientation) 45 40 35 30 Natural Convection 25 20 400LFM 100LFM 15 200LFM 500LFM 300LFM 600LFM 10 5 0 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 Ambient Temperature (℃) Figure 42: Output current vs. ambient temperature and air velocity@ Vin=5.0V, Vout=1.5V (Worst Orientation) DS_D12F200_11042008 11 MECHANICAL DRAWING NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS AND (INCHES). 2. TOLERANCES: X.Xmm±0.5mm (X.XX in. ±0.02 in.) X.XXmm±0.25mm (X.XXX in. ±0.010 in.) DS_D12F200_11042008 12 PART NUMBERING SYSTEM D 12 F 200 A Type of Product Input Voltage Product Series Output Option Code D - DC/DC modules 12 - 4.5 ~13.8V 200 - 200W/40A A - standard MODEL LIST Model Name Input Voltage Output Voltage Output Current Lead Free Efficiency, 12Vin D12F200A 4.5V~ 13.8Vdc 0.6V ~ 5.0V 40A RoHs 6 94% @ 5V/40A D12F200B 4.5V~ 13.8Vdc 0.6V ~ 5.0V 40A RoHs 5 94% @ 5V/40A CONTACT: www.delta.com.tw/dcdc USA: Telephone: East Coast: (888) 335 8201 West Coast: (888) 335 8208 Fax: (978) 656 3964 Email: [email protected] Europe: Telephone: +41 31 998 53 11 Fax: +41 31 998 53 53 Email: [email protected] Asia & the rest of world: Telephone: +886 3 4526107 ext. 6220~6224 Fax: +886 3 4513485 Email: [email protected] WARRANTY Delta offers a two (2) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from Delta. Information furnished by Delta is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Delta for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Delta. Delta reserves the right to revise these specifications at any time, without notice. DS_D12F200_11042008 13