FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 Full-Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Description Features The FPF2193, FPF2194, and FPF2195 form a series of load switches that provides full protection to systems and loads that may encounter large current conditions. These devices contain a 55 mΩ current-limited Pchannel MOSFET that can operate over an input voltage range of 1.8 to 5.5 V. Internally, current is prevented from flowing when the MOSFET is off and the output voltage is higher than the input voltage. Switch control is by a logic input (ON) capable of interfacing directly with low-voltage control signals. Each part contains thermal shutdown protection that shuts off the switch to prevent damage to the part when a continuous over-current condition causes excessive heating. <1.8 to 5.5 V Input Voltage Range Controlled Turn-On 0.1 to 1.5 A Adjustable Current Limit Under-Voltage Lockout Thermal Shutdown <2 µA Shutdown Current Auto Restart Fast Current Limit Response Time 5 µs to Moderate Over Currents When the switch current reaches the current limit, the parts operate in a constant-current mode to prohibit excessive currents from causing damage. For the FPF2193 and FPF2194, if the constant current condition still persists after 30 ms, the parts shut off the switch and pull the fault signal pin (FLAGB) LOW. The FPF2193 has an auto-restart feature that turns the switch on again after 450 ms if the ON pin is still active. The FPF2194 does not have this auto-restart feature, so the switch remains off until the ON pin is cycled. The FPF2195 does not turn off after a current limit fault, but remains in the constant-current mode indefinitely. The minimum current limit is 100 mA. 30 ns to Hard Shorts Fault Blanking Reverse Current Blocking Applications PDAs Cell Phones Handheld GPS Devices These parts are available in a space-saving six ball advanced 1 x 1.5 mm WLCSP package. Portable Enterprise / Industrial Devices Digital Cameras Peripheral Ports and Accessories Portable Medical Equipment Hot Swap Supplies Ordering Information Part Number Current Limit [mA] FPF2193 FPF2194 100-1500 FPF2195 © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 Current Limit Blanking Time [ms] Auto-Restart Time [ms] 15/30/60 225/450/900 15/30/60 NA 0 NA ON Pin Activity Top Mark Active HIGH S7 S6 S9 www.fairchildsemi.com FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit December 2012 Figure 1. Typical Application Block Diagram Figure 2. © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Application Diagram Functional Block Diagram www.fairchildsemi.com 2 Figure 3. 1.0 x 1.5 mm Chip-Scale Package Figure 4. Pin Configuration (Bottom View) Pin Definitions Pin # Name Description C1 ISET Current Limit Set Input. A resistor from ISET to ground sets the current limit for the switch. B2 VIN Supply Input. Input to the power switch and the supply voltage for the IC. B1 VOUT A1 FLAGB C2 GND A2 ON FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Pin Configuration Switch Output. Output of the power switch. Fault Output. Active LOW, open-drain output that indicates an over-current supply, undervoltage, or over-temperature state. Ground. ON control input, active HIGH. © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol Parameter VIN, VOUT, ON, FLAGB, ISET to GND PD TJ Min. Max. Unit -0.3 6.0 V 1.2 W (1) Power Dissipation at TA = 25°C Operating Temperature Range -40 +125 °C TSTG Storage Temperature -65 +150 °C ΘJA Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient 85 °C/W ESD Electrostatic Discharge Capability Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 8000 Machine Model, JESD22-A115 400 V Notes: 1. Package power dissipation on one-square inch pad, two-ounce copper board. Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol Parameter Min. Max. Unit VIN Input Voltage 1.8 5.5 V TA Ambient Operating Temperature -40 +85 °C © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Absolute Maximum Ratings www.fairchildsemi.com 4 VIN = 1.8 to 5.5 V, TA = -40 to +85°C unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VIN = 3.3 V and TA = 25°C. Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 5.5 V Basic Operation VIN IQ Operating Voltage Quiescent Current RON On Resistance VIH On Input Logic High Voltage ON VIL On Input Logic Low Voltage 1.8 VIN=1.8 V 70 IOUT=0 mA, VON=VIN VIN=3.3 V 75 VIN=5.5 V 80 TA=25°C, IOUT=200 mA 55 TA=-40 to 85°C, IOUT=200 mA µA 80 135 VIN=1.8 V 0.8 VIN=5.5 V 1.4 V VIN=1.8 V 0.5 VIN=%.5 V 1.0 On Input Leakage VON=VIN or GND -1 VIN Shutdown Current VON=0 V, VIN=5.5 V, VOUT=Short to GND -2 mΩ 0 V 1 µA 2 µA VFLB_L FLAGB Output Logic Low Voltage VIN=5 V, ISINK=10 mA 0.05 0.20 VIN=1.8, ISINK=10 mA 0.12 0.30 VFLB_H FLAGB Output Logic High Leakage Current VIN=5 V, Switch ON V 1 µA 2 µA Reverse Block ISDT Vbreakdown VOUT Shutdown Current VON=0 V, VOUT=5.5 V, VIN=Short-to-GND Reverse Breakdown Voltage VIN=VON=0 V, IOUT=200 µA -2 9 V Protections ILIM ILIM(MIN) TSD Current Limit VIN=3.3 V, VOUT=3.0 V, RSET=690 Ω Minimum Current Limit VIN=3.3 V, VOUT=3.0 V 100 Shutdown Threshold 140 Return from Shutdown 130 Hysteresis 10 Thermal Shutdown VUVLO Under-Voltage Lockout VUVLO_HYST Under-Voltage Lockout Hysteresis VIN Increasing 600 1.55 800 1.65 1000 mA ma °C 1.75 V 50 mV Dynamic tdON Delay On Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF 20 µs tR VOUT Rise Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF 20 µs tON Turn-On Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF 40 µs tdOFF Delay Off Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF 15 µs tF VOUT Fall Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF 110 µs µs Turn-Off Time RL=500 Ω, CL=0.1 µF tBLANK Over-Current Blanking Time FPF2193, FPF2194 15 30 60 tRSTRT Auto-Restart FPF2193 225 450 900 tOFF tSC Short-Circuit Response Time © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2194, FPF2195 125 NA FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Electrical Characteristics ms ms VIN=VOUT=3.3 V, Moderate OverCurrent Condition 5 µs VIN=VOUT=3.3 V, Hard Short 30 ns www.fairchildsemi.com 5 Figure 5. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Figure 7. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature Figure 9. VON Low Voltage vs. Input Voltage © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 Figure 6. Figure 8. Figure 10. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage VON High Voltage vs. Input Voltage FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Performance Characteristics Current Limit vs. Output Voltage www.fairchildsemi.com 6 Figure 11. Current Limit vs. Temperature Figure 13. Figure 15. Figure 12. RON vs. Temperature Figure 14. tRISE / tFALL vs. Temperature © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 Figure 16. RON vs. VIN tON / tOFF vs. Temperature FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) tRSTRT vs. Temperature www.fairchildsemi.com 7 Figure 17. tBLANK vs.Temperature Figure 19. Figure 21. Figure 18. tOFF Response Figure 20. Current Limit Response Time (Switch is Powered into a Short) © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 tON Response Short-Circuit Response Time (Output Shorted to GND) FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Figure 22. Current Limit Response Time (Output is Loaded by 2.2 Ω, COUT=0.1 µF) www.fairchildsemi.com 8 Figure 23. Current Limit Response Time (Output is Loaded by 2.2 Ω, COUT=10 µF) Figure 25. Figure 24. tBLANK vs. Response(3) (2) Short-Circuit Detection Function Figure 26. tRESTART vs. Response(3) Notes: 2. When the output voltage is below VSCTH=1.1 V, the current limit value is set at 62.5% of the current limit value. 3. VDRV signal forces the device to go into over-current condition by loading. © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) www.fairchildsemi.com 9 The FPF2193, FPF2194, and FPF2195 are current-limited switches that protect systems and loads that can be damaged or disrupted by the application of high currents. The core of each device is a 55 mΩ P-channel MOSFET and a controller capable of functioning over the wide input operating range of 1.8- 5.5 V. The controller protects against system malfunctions through current limiting, under-voltage lockout, and thermal shutdown. The current limit is adjustable from 100 mA to 1.5 A through the selection of an external resistor. heavy load. When the output voltage drops below VSCTH, the short-circuit detection threshold voltage, the current limit value is re-conditioned and the short-circuit currentlimit value is decreased to 62.5% of the current limit value. This keeps the power dissipation of the part below a certain limit even at dead-short conditions at 5.5 V input voltage. The VSCTH value is set to be 1 V. At around 1.1 V of output voltage, the switch is removed from short-circuit current-limiting mode and the current limit is set to the current limit value. On/Off Control Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) The under-voltage lockout turns the switch off if the input voltage drops below the under-voltage lockout threshold. With the ON pin active, the input voltage rising above the under-voltage lockout threshold causes a controlled turnon of the switch, which limits current over shoot. The ON pin controls the state of the switch. When ON is HIGH, the switch is in ON state. Activating ON continuously holds the switch in the ON state so long as there is no fault. For all versions, an under-voltage on VIN or a junction temperature in excess of 140°C overrides the ON control to turn off the switch. In addition, excessive currents cause the switch to turn off in the FPF2193 and FPF2194. The FPF2193 has an auto-restart feature that automatically turns the switch on again after 450 ms. For the FPF2194, the ON pin must be toggled to turn the switch on again. The FPF2195 does not turn off in response to an over-current condition, but remains operating in constant-current mode as long as ON is active and the thermal shutdown or under-voltage lockout have not activated. Thermal Shutdown The thermal shutdown protects the die from internally or externally generated excessive temperatures. During an over-temperature condition, FLAGB is activated and the switch is turned off. The switch automatically turns on again if temperature of the die drops below the threshold temperature. Reverse-Current Blocking Current Limiting The entire FPF2193/94/95 family has a reverse current blocking feature that protects the input source against current flow from output to input. For a standard USB power design, this is an important feature to protect the USB host from being damaged due to reverse current flow on VBUS. When the load switch is OFF, no current flows from the output to the input. If the switch is turned on and the output voltage is greater than input voltage, this feature is activated and turns off the switch. This prevents any current flow from output to input. The reverse-current blocking feature is deactivated if the VOUT - VIN is smaller than a typically 50 mV threshold. During this time, some current (50 mV/RON) flows from the output to input until input voltage becomes greater than output voltage. FLAGB operation is independent of the reverse-current blocking and does not report a fault condition if this feature is activated. The current limit ensures that the current through the switch doesn't exceed a maximum value, while not limiting at less than a minimum value. The current at which the parts limit is adjustable through the selection of an external resistor connected to ISET. Information for selecting the resistor is found in the Application Information section. The FPF2193 and FPF2194 have a blanking time of 30 ms, nominally, during which the switch acts as a constant current source. At the end of the blanking time, the switch is turned off. The FPF2195 has no current limit blanking period, so it remains in a constant current state until the ON pin is deactivated or the thermal shutdown turns off the switch. For preventing the switch from large power dissipation during heavy load, a short-circuit detection feature is introduced. Short-circuit condition is detected by, observing the output voltage. The switch is put into shortcircuit current-limiting mode if the switch is loaded with a Figure 27. where: tdON = Delay On Time tR = VOUT Rise Time tON = Turn-On Time tdOFF = Delay Off Time tF = VOUT Fall Time tOFF = Turn-Off Time Fault Reporting Upon the detection of an over-current, input undervoltage, or over-temperature condition, FLAGB signals the fault mode by activating LOW. For the FPF2193 and FPF2194, the FLAGB goes LOW at the end of the blanking time, while FLAGB goes LOW immediately for the FPF2195. FLAGB remains LOW through the autorestart time for the FPF2195. For the FPF2194, FLAGB is latched LOW and ON must be toggled to release it. With the FPF2195, FLAGB is LOW during the faults and immediately returns HIGH at the end of the fault condition. FLAGB is an open-drain MOSFET that requires a pull-up resistor between VIN and FLAGB. During shutdown, the pull-down on FLAGB is disabled to reduce current draw from the supply. © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Functional Description Timing Diagram www.fairchildsemi.com 10 Figure 28. Typical Application Input Capacitor Setting Current Limit To limit the voltage drop on the input supply caused by transient inrush currents when the switch is turned on into a discharged load capacitor or a short-circuit, a capacitor needs to be placed between VIN and GND. A 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor, CIN, placed close to the pins is usually sufficient. Higher values of CIN can be used to further reduce the voltage drop. The FPF2193, FPF2194, and FPF2195 current limit is set with an external resistor connected between ISET and GND. This resistor is selected using the following equation: RSET = 551.6 ILIM (1) Output Capacitor RSET is in Ω and ISET is in Amps. A 0.1 µF capacitor, COUT, should be placed between VOUT and GND. This capacitor prevents parasitic board inductances from forcing VOUT below GND when the switch turns off. For the FPF2193 and FPF2194, the total output capacitance needs to be kept below a maximum value, COUT(max), to prevent the part from registering an over-current condition and turning off the switch. The maximum output capacitance can be determined from the following formula: Table 1 can also be used to select RSET. A typical application would be the 500 mA current required by a single USB port. Using Table 1, an appropriate selection for the RSET resistor would be 788 Ω. This ensures that the port load could draw 525 mA, but not more than 875 mA. Likewise for a dual-port system; an RSET of 368 Ω always delivers at least 1125 mA and never more than 1875 mA. Table 1. Current Limit Various RSET Values Min. Current RSET(Ω) Limit (mA) Typ. Current Limit (mA) Max. Current Limit (mA) COUT (max) = ILIM(max)× t BLANK (min) VIN (2) 368 1125 1500 1875 Power Dissipation 441 928 1250 1562 552 750 1000 1250 613 675 900 1125 690 600 800 1000 During normal operation as a switch, the power dissipated depends upon the level at which the current limit is set. The maximum allowed setting for the current limit is 1.5 A and results in a power dissipation of: 788 525 700 875 919 450 600 750 1103 375 500 625 1226 338 450 563 1379 300 400 500 1576 263 350 438 1839 225 300 375 2206 188 250 313 2758 150 200 250 3677 113 150 188 5516 75 100 125 © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 P = (ILIM )2 × RON = (1.5)2 × 0.055 = 123.75mW FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Application Information (3) If the part goes into current limit, the maximum power dissipation occurs when the output is shorted to ground. For the FPF2193, the power dissipation scales by the auto-restart time, tRSTRT, and the over-current blanking time, tBLANK, so that the maximum power dissipated is: P(max) = tBLANK × VIN (max)× ILIM(max) t BLANK + t RSTRT 30 = × 5.5 × 1.5 = 515.6mW 30 + 450 (4) www.fairchildsemi.com 11 P(max) = VIN (max) × ILIM (max) = 5.5 × 1.5 = 8.25W Board Layout For best performance, all traces should be as short as possible. To be most effective, the input and output capacitors should be placed close to the device to minimize the effects that parasitic trace inductances may have on normal and short-circuit operation. Using wide traces for VIN, VOUT, and GND help to minimize parasitic electrical effects along with minimizing the case-to-ambient thermal impedance. (5) This large amount of power activates the thermal shutdown and the part cycles in and out of thermal shutdown as long as the ON pin is active and the short is present. . © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit This is more power than the package can dissipate, but the thermal shutdown of the part activates to protect the part from damage due to excessive heating. When using the FPF2194, attention must be given to the manual resetting of the part. The junction temperature is only able to increase to the thermal shutdown threshold. Once this temperature has been reached, toggling ON does not turn the switch on until the junction temperature drops. For the FPF2195, a short on the output causes the part to operate in a constant-current state, dissipating a worst-case power of: www.fairchildsemi.com 12 0.03 C E 2X F A (Ø0.350) SOLDER MASK OPENING B (Ø0.250) Cu Pad A1 (1.00) BALL A1 INDEX AREA D (0.50) 0.03 C 2X TOP VIEW RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN (NSMD PAD TYPE) 0.06 C 0.625 0.539 0.05 C C 0.332±0.018 0.250±0.025 E SEATING PLANE D SIDE VIEWS NOTES: A. NO JEDEC REGISTRATION APPLIES. 0.005 Ø0.315 +/- .025 6X 0.50 C 1.00 B A 0.50 (Y) ±0.018 1 2 F (X) ±0.018 BOTTOM VIEW Figure 29. C A B B. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCE PER ASMEY14.5M, 1994. D. DATUM C IS DEFINED BY THE SPHERICAL CROWNS OF THE BALLS. E. PACKAGE NOMINAL HEIGHT IS 582 MICRONS ±43 MICRONS (539-625 MICRONS). F. FOR DIMENSIONS D, E, X, AND Y SEE PRODUCT DATASHEET. G. DRAWING FILNAME: MKT-UC006AFrev2. 6-Ball, Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package (WLCSP) Product D E X Y FPF2193 1.500±0.030 1.000±0.030 0.240 0.240 FPF2194 1.500±0.030 1.000±0.030 0.240 0.240 FPF2195 1.500±0.030 1.000±0.030 0.240 0.240 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit Physical Dimensions Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 www.fairchildsemi.com 13 FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 — Full Function Load Switch with Adjustable Current Limit © 2009 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FPF2193/4/5 • Rev. 1.0.5 www.fairchildsemi.com 14