AIC AIC1639-30CZ 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter Datasheet

AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
■ FEATURES
■ DESCRIPTION
l
Guaranteed Start-Up from Below 0.9 V.
l
High Efficiency.
l
Low Quiescent Current.
l
Few Number of External Components needed.
l
Low Ripple and Low Noise.
l
Fixed Output Voltage: 2.7, 3.0V, 3.3V, and 5V.
l
Driver for External Transistor.
l
Space Saving SOT-89 and TO-92 Packages.
The AIC1639 is a high efficiency step-up DC/DC
converter for applications using 1 to 4 battery cells.
Only three external components are required to deliver a fixed output voltage of 2.7, 3.0V, 3.3V, or 5V.
The AIC1639 starts up from below 0.9V input with
1mA load. Pulse Frequency Modulation scheme
brings optimized performance for applications with
light output loading and low input voltages. The output ripple and noise are lower compared with the
circuits operating in PSM mode.
■ APPLICATIONS
l
Pagers.
l
Cameras.
l
Wireless Microphones.
l
Pocket Organizers.
l
Battery Backup Suppliers.
l
Portable Instruments.
The PFM control circuit operating in 100KHz (max.)
switching rate results in smaller passive components. The space saving SOT-89 and TO-92 packages make the AIC1639 an ideal choice of DC/DC
converter for space conscious applications, like
pagers, electronic cameras, and wireless microphones.
Provided with an external transistor driver pin (EXT),
the AIC1639 is recommended for applications requiring current as large as several tens to several
hundreds of milli-amperes.
■ TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
V IN
D1
V OUT
+
C2
47µ F
L1
33 µH
R1 300
EXT
Q1
2SD1803
AIC1639-27
AIC1639-30
AIC1639-3 3
AIC1639-50
10nF
GND
VOUT
+
C2
100µ F
100mA Load Current Step-Up Converter
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
www.analog.com.tw
4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
1
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
■ ORDERING INFORMATION
ORDER NUMBER
AIC1639 - X XCX
AIC1639-27CX
AIC1639-30CX
AIC1639-33CX
AIC1639-50CX
(SOT-89)
PACKAGE TYPE
X: SOT-89
Z: TO-92
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
27: 2.7V
30: 3.0V
33: 3.3V
50: 5.0V
PIN CONFIGURATION
TOP VIEW
1: GND
2: VOUT
3: EXT
1
AIC1639-27CZ
AIC1639-30CZ
AIC1639-33CZ
AIC1639-50CZ
(TO-92)
TOP VIEW
1: GND
2: VOUT
3: EXT
2
3
1
2
3
■ ABSOLUATE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage
……………………………………………………………………………….12V
EXT pin Voltage
…………………………………………………………….-0.3V to Vout+0.3V
EXT pin Current
………………………………………………………………………….± 50mA
Power Dissipation
……………………………………………………………………….500mW
Operating Temperature Range
……………………………………………….-40°C to 85°C
………………………………………………… -65°C to 150 °C
Storage Temperature Range
Lead Temperature (Sordering 10 Sec.)
…………………………………………………260°C
■ TEST CIRCUIT
AIC1639
2.5V
VOUT
EXT
F OUT
GND
Oscillator Test Circuit
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
www.analog.com.tw
4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
2
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
n ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
specified)
PARAMETER
Output Voltage
(AIC1639 Ta=25° C, IO=10mA, Unless otherwise
TEST CONDITIONS
SYMBOL
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
VOUT
2.633
2.700
2.767
VIN=1.8V
2.925
3.000
3.075
VIN=2.0V
3.218
3.300
3.382
VIN=3.0V
4.875
5.000
5.125
VIN=1.8V
Input Voltage
VIN
Start-Up Voltage
IOUT =1mA, VIN:0→2V
VSTART
Hold-on Voltage
IOUT =1mA, VIN:2→0V
VHOLD
No-Load Input Current
IOUT =0mA
Supply Current 1
EXT at no load, VIN=VOUT x 0.5
0.8
V
8
V
0.9
V
V
0.6
IIN
18
IDD1
45
µA
50
Measurement of the IC input current
UNIT
µA
60
80
Supply Current 2
EXT at no load, VIN=VOUT + 0.5
IDD2
7
µA
Measurement of the IC input current
EXT “H” On-Resistance
VEXT =VOUT – 0.4V
300
REXTH
200
Ω
185
130
EXT “L” On-Resistance
VEXT = 0.4V
110
REXTL
80
Ω
70
60
Oscillator Duty Cycle
VIN=VOUT x 0.95
DUTY
65
75
85
%
Measurement of the IC input current
Max. Oscillator Freq.
VIN=VOUT x 0.95
FOSC
80
105
130
KHz
Measurement of the IC input current
Efficiency
η
80
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
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4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
%
3
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
n TYPICAL
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Inductor (L1) : 33 µ H (Pin Type)
Diode
Capacitor (C1) : 47 µ F (Tantalum Type)
(D1) : 1N5819 Schottky Type
Transistor (Q1) : 2SD1803
AIC1639-27 Efficiency (L=33uH)
90
2.75
85
VIN=2.0V
2.70
VIN=2.0V
80
Efficiency (%)
Output Voltage (V)
AIC1639-27 Loading Regulation (L=33µ H)
2.80
2.65
75
VIN=1.8V
2.60
VIN=1.2V
2.55
VIN=1.8V
70
VIN=1.5V
VIN=1.5V
VIN=1.2V
65
60
2.50
VIN=0.9V
2.45
2.40
55
VIN=0.9V
0
50
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0
50
100
150
250
300
350
400
AIC1639-30 Load Regulation (L=33µH)
3.1
3.0
85
VIN=2.0V
VIN=2.0V
VIN=1.5V
Efficiency (%)
2.9
VIN=1.2V
500
AIC1639-30 Efficiency (L=33uH)
90
2.8
450
Output Current (mA)
Output Current (mA)
Output Voltage (V)
200
VIN=1.8V
2.7
VIN=0.9V
80
VIN=1.8V
75
VIN=1.5V
70
2.6
VIN=1.2V
2.5
65
2.4
60
VIN=0.9V
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0
50
100
150
Output Current (mA)
200
250
300
350
400
450
Output Current (mA)
AIC1639-33 Loading Regulation (L=33µH)
AIC1639-33 Efficiency (L=33µH)
90
3.4
85
VIN=2.0V
VIN=1.5V
Efficiency (%)
Output Voltage (V)
3.2
3.0
2.8
80
VIN=2.0V
75
70
VIN=1.5V
VIN=1.2V
65
VIN=0.9V
2.6
60
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2.4
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Output Current (mA)
Output Current (mA)
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www.analog.com.tw
4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
4
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
n TYPICAL
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
AIC1639-50 Load Regulation (L=33µH)
5.25
AIC1639-50 Efficiency (L=33µH)
90
85
5.00
80
VIN=2.0V
4.50
VIN=1.5V
4.25
VIN=3.0V
75
VIN=3.0V
Efficiency (%)
Output Voltage (V)
4.75
4.00
VIN=1.5V
70
VIN=2.0V
V IN=0.9V
65
VIN=1.2V
60
55
3.75
VIN=0.9V
3.25
50
VIN=1.2V
3.50
45
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
40
700
0
100
200
Output Current (mA)
300
400
500
600
700
Output Current (mA)
AIC1639-30 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µ H)
AIC1639-27 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µ H)
1.2
2.0
1.8
1.0
Input Voltage (V)
Output Voltage (V)
1.6
1.4
Start up
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
Hold on
0.4
Start up
0.8
0.6
Hold on
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0
20
40
AIC1639-33 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µH)
1.2
60
80
100
120
140
160
140
160
Output Current (mA)
Output Current (mA)
1.6
Start up
AIC1639-50 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µ H)
1.4
1.0
Start up
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
1.2
0.8
0.6
Hold on
0.4
1.0
0.8
Hold on
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Output Current (mA)
Output Current (mA)
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
www.analog.com.tw
4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
5
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
n TYPICAL
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
AIC1639-33 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µH)
1.2
1.6
Start up
AIC1639-50 Start-up & Hold-on Voltage (L=33µ H)
1.4
1.0
Start up
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
1.2
0.8
0.6
Hold on
0.4
1.0
0.8
Hold on
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0.0
160
0
20
40
60
AIC1639 Output Voltage vs Temperature
Switching Frequency (kHz)
Output Voltage (V)
5.0
4.5
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 2.7V
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
160
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 2.7V
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
-20
0
20
40
60
80
85
-40
100
-20
0
Output Current (mA)
20
40
60
80
100
Output Current (mA)
AIC1639 Supply Current vs Temperature
AIC1639 Maximum Duty Cycle vs Temperature
80
75
79
VOUT = 2.7V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 5.0V
78
77
Supply Current IDD1 (µA)
Maximum Duty Cycle (%)
140
130
VOUT =5.0V
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
-40
120
135
5.5
80
100
AIC1639 Switching Frequency vs Temperature
6.0
2.0
-40
80
Output Current (mA)
Output Current (mA)
VOUT = 5.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 2.7V
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
30
-40
-20
0
Output Current (mA)
20
40
60
80
100
Temperature (° C)
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
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4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
6
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
n TYPICAL
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
AIC1639 EXT "H" On-Resistance
AIC1639 EXT "L" On-Resistance
130
400
120
100
320
280
Resistance (Ù )
Resistance (Ù )
110
360
VOUT = 2.7V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 5.0V
90
240
80
200
70
160
60
120
50
80
40
-40
VOUT = 2.7V
VOUT = 3.0V
VOUT = 3.3V
VOUT = 5.0V
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
40
-40
-20
0
Temperature (° C)
20
40
60
80
100
Temperature (° C)
■ BLOCK DIAGRAM
VOUT
1.25V REF .
1M
-
EXT
+
E nable
GND
OSC, 100KHz
■ PIN DESCRIPTIONS
PIN1 : GND - Ground. Must be low impedance;
sorder directly to ground plane.
EXT – Push Pull driver output for external
power switch.
PIN2 : VOUT - IC supply pin. Connect VOUT to
the regulator output.
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TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
7
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
■ APPLICATION INFORMATION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
AIC1639 PFM (pluse frequency modulation) controller
mode. Continuous conduction mode means that the
inductor current does not ramp to zero during each
cycle.
ICs combine a switch mode regulator, push pull driver
(AIC1639), precision voltage reference, and voltage
VIN
detector in a single monolithic device. They offer both
IIN
ID
extreme low quescient current, high efficiency, and
IOUT
SW
very low gate threshold voltage to ensure start-up with
VOUT
+
EXT
low battery voltage ( 0.8V typ.). Designed to maxiIsw
mize battery life in protable products, and minimize
Ico
switching losses by only switching as needed service
the load.
VEXT
PFM controllers transfer a discreate amount of energy
per cycle and regulate the output voltage by modulating switching frequency with the constant turn-on time.
IIN
I PK
Switching frequency depends on load, input voltage,
and inductor value, and it can range up to 100KHz.
When the output voltage drops, the error comparator
enable 100kHz oscillator that turns on the MOSFET
ISW
around 7.5us and 2.5us off time. Turning on the
MOSFET allows inductor current to ramp up, storing
energy in a magnetic field. When MOSFET turns off
Charge Co.
ID
IOUT
that forces inductor current through diode to the output capacitor and load. As the stored energy is depleted, the current ramp down until the diode turns off.
VSW
T DIS
Discharge Co.
At this point, inductor may ring due to residual energy
t
and stray capacitance. The output capacitor stores
charge when current flowing through the diode is high,
and release it when current is low, thereby maintain-
Discontinuous Conduction Mode
ing a steady voltage across the load.
As the load increases, the output capacitor discharges faster and the error comparator initiates cycles sooner, increasing the switching frequency. The
maximum duty cycle ensure adequate time for energy
tranfer to output during the second half each cycle.
Depending on circuit, PFM controller can operate in
either discontinuous mode or continuous conduction
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TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
8
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
≅
VEXT
1  Vout + Vd − Vin 


Ton  Vout + Vd − Vsw 
where Vsw = switch drop and proportion to output current.
I IN
IPK
INDUCTOR SELECTION
To operate as an efficient energy transfer element, the
inductor must fulfill three requirement. First, the inductance must be low enough for the inductor to store
adquate energy under the worst case condition of
minimum input voltage and switch ON time. Second,
the inductance must also be high enough so maximum current rating of AIC1639 and inductor are not
exceed at the other worst case cindition of maximum
input voltage and ON time. Lastly, the inductor must
have sufficiently low DC resistance so excessive
power is not lost as heat in the windings. But unfotrunately this is inversely related to physical size.
ISW
ID
IOUT
VSW
t
Continuous Conduction Mode
Minimum and Maximum input voltage, output voltage
and output current must be established before and incuctor can be selected.
In discontinuous mode operation, at the end of the
switch ON time, peak current and energy in the inductor build according to
At the boundry between continuous and discontinuous mode, output current (IOB) is determined by
Ron + Rs
 Vin  

IPK = 
Ton) 
 1 − exp( −
L
 Ron + Rs  

x
 Vin 

≅
(Ton ) 1 − 
L
2



Vin

 1 Vin
IOB = 
Ton (1 − x )

 Vout + Vd  2 L
Vin
Ton
L
where Vd is the diode drop,
≅
x = (Ron+Rs)Ton/L.
where x=(Ron+Rs)Ton/L
Ron= Switch turn on resistance, Rs= Inductor DC resistance
Ton = Switch ON time
In the discontinuous mode, the switching frequency
(fsw) is
fsw =
2(L)(Vout + Vd − Vin)(Iout)
Vin2 × Ton 2
(1 + x )
In the continuous mode, the switching frequency is
EL =
(simple lossless equation),
1
L × Ipk 2
2
Power required from the inductor per cycle must be
equal or greater than
PL/f SW = (Vout + Vd − Vin)(Iout) (
1
)
fsw
in order for the converter to regulate the output.
When loading is over IOB, PFM controller operates in
continuous mode. Inductor peak current can be derived
from
fsw=
1 (Vout + Vd − Vin)
x
Vin − Vsw
[1 + (
)]
Ton (Vout + Vd − Vsw)
2 Vout + Vd − Vsw
x
 Vout + Vd − Vsw x 
 Vin − Vsw 

IPK = 
− Iout + 
Ton  1 − 
Vin − Vsw
2
2L
2




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TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
9
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
Valley current (Iv) is
x
 Vout + Vd − Vsw x 
 Vin − Vsw 

IV = 
− Iout − 
Ton 1 − 
Vin
−
Vsw
2
2L
2





Table 1 Indicates resistance and height for each coil.
Inductance ( µH )
Resistance ( Ω )
Rated Current (A)
Hieght
(mm)
47
0.25
0.7
4.5
100
0.50
0.5
47
0.25
0.7
100
0.50
0.5
Hold SMT Type PM75
33
0.11
1.2
5.0
Huan Feng PIN Type V0810
33
40m
2
10.0
Power Inductor Type
Sumida SMT Type CD54
Hold SMT Type PM54
CAPACITOR SELECTION
A poor choice for a output capacitor can result in poor
efficiency and hight output ripple. Ordinary aluminum
electrolytics, while inexpensive may have unacceptably
poor ESR and ESL. There are low ESR aluminum capacitors for switch mode DC-DC converters which work
much better than general porpuse unit. Tantalum capacitors provide still better performance at more expensive. OS-CON capacitors have extremely low ESR in a
small size. If capacitance is reduced, output ripple will
increase.
Most of the input supply is supplied by the input bypasss capacitor, the capacitor voltage rating should be
at least 1.25 times greather than a maximum input voltage.
DIODE SELECTION
Speed, forward drop, and leakage current are the three
main consideration in selecting a rectifier diode. Best
performance is obtained with Schottky retifier diode
such 1N5819. Motorola makes MBR0530 in surface
mount. For lower output power a 1N4148 can be used
4.5
although efficiency and start-up voltage will suffer substantially.
COMPONENT POWER DISSIPATION
Opeating in discontinuous mode, power loss in the
winding resistance of inductor can be approximate
equal to
PD L =
2  Ton 
 Vout + Vd 

 (Rs )
 (Pout )
3 L 
 Vout 
where Pout=Vout * Iout ; Rs=Inductor DC R;
VD = Diode drop.
The power dissipated in a switch loss is
PDsw =
2  Ton 
 Vout + Vd − Vin 

(Ron )
(Pout )
3 L 
Vout


The power dissipated in rectifier diode is
 Vd 
PDd = 
(Pout )
 Vout 
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TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
10
AIC1639
3-PIN ONE-CELL STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER
SPEC NO: DS-1639-00 05/26/00
■ PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
l SOT-89 (unit: mm)
D
A
SYMBOL
MIN
MAX
C
A
1.40
1.60
B
0.36
0.48
C
0.35
0.44
D
4.40
4.60
D1
1.62
1.83
E
2.29
2.60
D1
H
E
L
B
e
e1
l
e
1.50 (TYP.)
e1
3.00 (TYP.)
H
3.94
4.25
L
0.89
1.20
SYMBOL
MIN
MAX
A
4.32
5.33
SOT-89 MARKING
Part No.
AIC1639-27
AIC1639-30
AIC1639-33
AIC1639-50
Marking
AU27
AU30
AU33
AU50
l TO-92 (unit: mm)
A
E
L
C
C
e1
D
0.38 (TYP.)
D
4.40
5.20
E
3.17
4.20
e1
L
1.27 (TYP.)
12.7
-
ANALOG INTEGRATIONS CORPORATION
www.analog.com.tw
4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Road, Science-based Industrial Park , Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (8863)577-2500 FAX:(8863)577-2510
11
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