NSC LM4051AEM3X-ADJ Precision micropower shunt voltage reference Datasheet

LM4051
Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference
General Description
j Low output noise
Ideal for space critical applications, the LM4051 precision
voltage reference is available in the sub-miniature (3 mm x
1.3 mm) SOT-23 surface-mount package. The LM4051’s advanced design eliminates the need for an external stabilizing
capacitor while ensuring stability with any capacitive load,
thus making the LM4051 easy to use. Further reducing
design effort is the availability of a fixed (1.225V) and adjustable reverse breakdown voltage. The minimum operating
current is 60 µA for the LM4051-1.2 and the LM4051-ADJ.
Both versions have a maximum operating current of 12 mA.
The LM4051 comes in three grades (A, B, and C). The best
grade devices (A) have an initial accuracy of 0.1%, while the
B-grade have 0.2% and the C-grade 0.5%, all with a tempco
of 50 ppm/˚C guaranteed from −40˚C to 125˚C.
The LM4051 utilizes fuse and zener-zap trim of reference
voltage during wafer sort to ensure that the prime parts have
an accuracy of better than ± 0.1% (A grade) at 25˚C.
Features
n
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Small packages: SOT-23
No output capacitor required
Tolerates capacitive loads
Reverse breakdown voltage options of 1.225V and
adjustable
(10 Hz to 10kHz)
20µVrms
j Wide operating current range
j Industrial temperature range
60µA to 12mA
−40˚C to +85˚C
j Extended temperature range
−40˚C to +125˚C
j Low temperature coefficient
50 ppm/˚C (max)
Applications
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Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment
Data Acquisition Systems
Instrumentation
Process Control
Energy Management
Automotive and Industrial
Precision Audio Components
Base Stations
Battery Chargers
Medical Equipment
Communication
Key Specifications (LM4051-1.2)
j Output voltage tolerance
± 0.1%(max)
(A grade, 25˚C)
Connection Diagrams
SOT-23
10122201
10122240
*This pin must be left floating or connected to pin 2.
Top View
See NS Package Number MF03A
© 2005 National Semiconductor Corporation
DS101222
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LM4051 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference
March 2005
LM4051
Ordering Information
Industrial Temperature Range (−40˚C to +85˚C)
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Temperature Coefficient
± 0.1%, 50 ppm/˚C max (A grade)
± 0.2%, 50 ppm/˚C max (B grade)
± 0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade)
LM4051 Supplied as 1000 Units,
Tape and Reel
LM4051 Supplied as 3000 Units,
Tape and Reel
LM4051AIM3-1.2
LM4051AIM3X-1.2
LM4051AIM3-ADJ
LM4051AIM3X-ADJ
LM4051BIM3-1.2
LM4051BIM3X-1.2
LM4051BIM3-ADJ
LM4051BIM3X-ADJ
LM4051CIM3-1.2
LM4051CIM3X-1.2
LM4051CIM3-ADJ
LM4051CIM3X-ADJ
Extended Temperature Range (−40˚C to +125˚C)
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Tolerance at 25˚C and Average
Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Temperature Coefficient
± 0.1%, 50 ppm/˚C max (A grade)
± 0.2%, 50 ppm/˚C max (B grade)
± 0.5%, 50 ppm/˚C max (C grade)
LM4051 Supplied as 1000 Units,
Tape and Reel
LM4051 Supplied as 3000 Units,
Tape and Reel
LM4051AEM3-1.2
LM4051AEM3X-1.2
LM4051AEM3-ADJ
LM4051AEM3X-ADJ
LM4051BEM3-1.2
LM4051BEM3X-1.2
LM4051BEM3-ADJ
LM4051BEM3X-ADJ
LM4051CEM3-1.2
LM4051CEM3X-1.2
LM4051CEM3-ADJ
LM4051CEM3X-ADJ
SOT-23 Package Marking Information
Only three fields of marking are possible on the SOT-23’s small surface. This table gives the meaning of
the three fields.
Part Marking
RHA
RIA
RHB
RIB
RHC
RIC
Field Definition
First Field:
R = Reference
Second Field:
H = 1.225V Voltage Option
I = Adjustable
Third Field:
A–C = Initial Reverse Breakdown
Voltage or Reference Voltage Tolerance
A = ± 0.1%, B = ± 0.2%, C = ± 0.5%
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2
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/
Distributors for availability and specifications.
Reverse Current
20 mA
Forward Current
10 mA
2 kV
Machine Model (Note 3)
200V
See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect
on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering
surface mount devices.
Operating Ratings (Note 2)
Maximum Output Voltage
(LM4051-ADJ)
15V
M3 Package
280 mW
−65˚C to +150˚C
Industrial Temperature Range
−40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +85˚C
Extended Temperature Range
−40˚C ≤ TA ≤ +125˚C
Reverse Current
Lead Temperature
M3 Packages
Vapor phase (60 seconds)
+215˚C
Infrared (15 seconds)
+220˚C
(Tmin ≤ TA ≤ Tmax)
Temperature Range
Power Dissipation (TA = 25˚C) (Note 2)
Storage Temperature
Human Body Model (Note 3)
LM4051-1.2
60 µA to 12 mA
LM4051-ADJ
60 µA to 12 mA
Output Voltage Range
LM4051-ADJ
ESD Susceptibility
1.24V to 10V
LM4051-1.2
Electrical Characteristics
Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TA = TJ = 25˚C. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerances of ± 0.1%, ± 0.2% and ± 0.5% respectively.
Symbol
VR
IRMIN
∆VR/∆T
∆VR/∆IR
Parameter
Conditions
LM4051AIM3 LM4051BIM3 LM4051CIM3
Typical LM4051AEM3 LM4051BEM3 LM4051CEM3
(Note 4)
(Limits)
(Limits)
(Limts)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
1.225
Units
(Limit)
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
IR = 100 µA
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Tolerance (Note 6)
IR = 100 µA
± 1.2
± 2.4
±6
mV (max)
Industrial Temp. Range
± 5.2
± 6.4
± 10.1
mV (max)
Extended Temp. Range
± 7.4
± 8.6
± 12.2
mV (max)
60
60
60
µA (max)
65
65
65
µA (max)
Minimum Operating Current
Average Reverse Breakdown
Voltage Temperature
Coefficient (Note 6)
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Change with Operating
Current Change
V
39
IR= 10 mA
± 20
IR = 1 mA
± 15
IR = 100 µA
∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C
± 15
IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1 mA
0.3
1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 12 mA
µA
ppm/˚C
ppm/˚C
± 50
± 50
± 50
ppm/˚C (max)
1.1
1.1
1.1
mV (max)
1.5
1.5
1.5
mV (max)
6.0
6.0
6.0
mV (max)
8.0
8.0
8.0
mV (max)
mV
1.8
mV
ZR
Reverse Dynamic Impedance
IR = 1 mA, f = 120 Hz
0.5
Ω
eN
Wideband Noise
IR = 100 µA
20
µVrms
10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz
∆VR
Reverse Breakdown Voltage
Long Term Stability
(Note 9)
t = 1000 hrs
T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C
IR = 100 µA
120
ppm
VHYST
Thermal Hysteresis
(Note 10)
∆T = −40˚C to 125˚C
0.36
mV/V
3
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LM4051
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
LM4051
LM4051-ADJ (Adjustable)
Electrical Characteristics
Boldface limits apply for TA = TJ = TMIN to TMAX; all other limits TJ = 25˚C unless otherwise specified (SOT-23, see (Note 7)
, IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 12 mA, VREF ≤ VOUT ≤ 10V. The grades A, B and C designate initial Reference Voltage Tolerances of ± 0.1%,
± 0.2% and ± 0.5%, respectively for VOUT = 5V.
Symbol
VREF
IRMIN
∆VREF/∆IR
Parameter
∆VREF/∆T
Typical LM4051AIM3 LM4051BIM3 LM4051CIM3
(Note 4) LM4051AEM3 LM4051BEM3 LM4051CEM3
(Limits)
(Limits)
(Limits)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
(Note 5)
1.212
Units
(Limit)
Reference Voltage
IR = 100 µA, VOUT = 5V
Reference Voltage Tolerance
(Note 6), (Note 8)
IR = 100 µA, VOUT = 5V
± 1.2
± 2.4
±6
mV (max)
Industrial Temp. Range
± 5.2
± 6.4
± 10.1
mV (max)
Extended Temp. Range
± 7.4
± 8.6
± 12.2
mV (max)
60
60
65
µA (max)
Industrial Temp. Range
65
65
70
µA (max)
Extended Temp. Range
70
70
75
µA (max)
1.1
1.1
1.1
mV(max)
1.5
1.5
1.5
mV(max)
6
6
6
mV (max)
8
8
8
mV (max)
−2.8
−2.8
−2.8
mV/V (max)
−3.5
−3.5
−3.5
mV/V (max)
130
130
130
nA (max)
150
150
150
nA (max)
Minimum Operating Current
Reference Voltage Change
with Operating Current
Change
∆VREF/∆VO Reference Voltage
Changewith Output Voltage
Change
IFB
Conditions
36
IRMIN ≤ IR ≤ 1mA
VOUT ≥ 1.6V
(Note 7)
0.3
1 mA ≤ IR ≤ 12 mA
VOUT ≥ 1.6V(Note 7)
0.6
IR = 0.1 mA
µA
mV
mV
−1.69
Feedback Current
Average Reference Voltage
Temperature Coefficient
(Note 8)
V
mV/V
70
nA
VOUT = 2.5V
IR = 10mA
20
IR = 1mA
15
IR =100µA
15
ppm/˚C
ppm/˚C
± 50
± 50
± 50
ppm/˚C (max)
∆T = −40˚C to +125˚C
ZOUT
Dynamic Output Impedance
IR = 1 mA,
f = 120 Hz,
IAC = 0.1 IR
VOUT = VREF
VOUT = 10V
0.3
2
Ω
Ω
eN
Wideband Noise
IR = 100 µA
VOUT = VREF
10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz
20
µVrms
∆VREF
Reference Voltage
Long Term Stability
(Note 9)
t = 1000 hrs,
IR = 100 µA
T = 25˚C ± 0.1˚C
120
ppm
VHYST
Thermal Hysteresis
(Note 10)
∆T = −40˚C to +125˚C
0.3
mV/V
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4
LM4051
LM4051-ADJ (Adjustable)
Electrical Characteristics
(Continued)
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is
functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. The guaranteed
specifications apply only for the test conditions listed. Some performance characteristics may degrade when the device is not operated under the listed test
conditions.
Note 2: The maximum power dissipation must be derated at elevated temperatures and is dictated by TJmax (maximum junction temperature), θJA (junction to
ambient thermal resistance), and TA (ambient temperature). The maximum allowable power dissipation at any temperature is PDmax = (TJmax − TA)/θJA or the
number given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings, whichever is lower. For the LM4051, TJmax = 125˚C, and the typical thermal resistance (θJA), when board mounted,
is 280˚C/W for the SOT-23 package.
Note 3: The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into each pin. The machine model is a 200 pF capacitor discharged
directly into each pin.
Note 4: Typicals are at TJ = 25˚C and represent most likely parametric norm.
Note 5: Limits are 100% production tested at 25˚C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed through correlation using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.
The limits are used to calculate National’s AOQL.
Note 6: The boldface (over-temperature) limit for Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance is defined as the room temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage Tolerance
± [(∆V R/∆T)(max ∆T)(VR)]. Where, ∆VR/∆T is the VR temperature coefficient, max∆T is the maximum difference in temperature from the reference point of 25 ˚C to
T MAX or TMIN, and VR is the reverse breakdown voltage. The total over-temperature tolerance for the different grades in the industrial temperature range where
max∆T=65˚C is shown below:
A-grade: ± 0.425% = ± 0.1% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C
B-grade: ± 0.525% = ± 0.2% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C
C-grade: ± 0.825% = ± 0.5% ± 50 ppm/˚C x 65˚C
Therefore, as an example, the A-grade LM4051-1.2 has an over-temperature Reverse Breakdown Voltage tolerance of ± 1.2V x 0.425% = ± 5.2 mV.
Note 7: When VOUT ≤ 1.6V, the LM4051-ADJ in the SOT-23 package must operate at reduced IR. This is caused by the series resistance of the die attach between
the die (-) output and the package (-) output pin. See the Output Saturation curve in the Typical Performance Characteristics section.
Note 8: Reference voltage and temperature coefficient will change with output voltage. See Typical Performance Characteristics curves.
Note 9: Long term stability is VR @ 25˚C measured during 1000 hrs.
Note 10: Thermal hysteresis is defined as the difference in voltage measured at +25˚C after cycling to temperature -40˚C and the 25˚C measurement after cycling
to temperature +125˚C.
5
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LM4051
Typical Performance Characteristics
Temperature Drift for Different
Average Temperature Coefficient
Output Impedance vs Frequency
10122219
10122204
Noise Voltage
Reverse Characteristics and
Minimum Operating Current
10122205
10122209
Start-Up
Characteristics
10122208
10122207
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LM4051
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Reference Voltage vs Output
Voltage and Temperature
Reference Voltage vs Temperature
and Output Voltage
10122211
10122210
Feedback Current vs Output
Voltage and Temperature
Output Saturation
(SOT-23 Only)
10122212
10122233
Output Impedance vs Frequency
Output Impedance vs Frequency
10122213
10122214
7
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LM4051
Typical Performance Characteristics
(Continued)
Reverse Characteristics
10122216
10122215
Large Signal Response
10122218
10122217
Thermal Hysteresis
10122250
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LM4051
Functional Block Diagram
10122221
*LM4051-ADJ only
**LM4051-1.2 only
LM4051 even when the supply voltage is at its minimum and
the load current is at its maximum value. When the supply
voltage is at its maximum and IL is at its minimum, RS should
be large enough so that the current flowing through the
LM4051 is less than 12 mA.
RS should be selected based on the supply voltage, (VS), the
desired load and operating current, (IL and IQ), and the
LM4051’s reverse breakdown voltage, VR.
Applications Information
The LM4051 is a precision micro-power curvature-corrected
bandgap shunt voltage reference. For space critical applications, the LM4051 is available in the sub-miniature SOT-23
surface-mount package. The LM4051 has been designed for
stable operation without the need of an external capacitor
connected between the “+” pin and the “−” pin. If, however, a
bypass capacitor is used, the LM4051 remains stable. Design effort is further reduced with the choice of either a fixed
1.2V or an adjustable reverse breakdown voltage. The minimum operating current is 60 µA for the LM4051-1.2 and the
LM4051-ADJ. Both versions have a maximum operating
current of 12 mA.
LM4051s using the SOT-23 package have pin 3 connected
as the (-) output through the package’s die attach interface.
Therefore, the LM4051-1.2’s pin 3 must be left floating or
connected to pin 2 and the LM4051-ADJ’s pin 3 is the (-)
output.
The LM4051-ADJ’s output voltage can be adjusted to any
value in the range of 1.24V through 10V. It is a function of the
internal reference voltage (VREF) and the ratio of the external
feedback resistors as shown in Figure 2 . The output voltage
is found using the equation
(1)
VO = VREF[(R2/R1) + 1]
The typical thermal hysteresis specification is defined as the
change in +25˚C voltage measured after thermal cycling.
The device is thermal cycled to temperature -40˚C and then
measured at 25˚C. Next the device is thermal cycled to
temperature +125˚C and again measured at 25˚C. The resulting VOUT delta shift between the 25˚C measurements is
thermal hysteresis. Thermal hysteresis is common in precision references and is induced by thermal-mechanical package stress. Changes in environmental storage temperature,
operating temperature and board mounting temperature are
all factors that can contribute to thermal hysteresis.
In a conventional shunt regulator application (Figure 1), an
external series resistor (RS) is connected between the supply voltage and the LM4051. RS determines the current that
flows through the load (IL) and the LM4051 (IQ). Since load
current and supply voltage may vary, RS should be small
enough to supply at least the minimum acceptable IQ to the
(2)
where VO is the output voltage. The actual value of the
internal VREF is a function of VO. The “corrected” VREF is
determined by
(3)
VREF = VO (∆VREF/∆VO) + VY
where
VY = 1.22V
∆VREF/∆VO is found in the Electrical Characteristics and is
typically −1.55 mV/V. You can get a more accurate indication
of the output voltage by replacing the value of VREF in
equation (1) with the value found using equation (3).
9
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LM4051
Typical Applications
10122222
FIGURE 1. Shunt Regulator
10122234
FIGURE 2. Adjustable Shunt Regulator
10122224
FIGURE 3. Bounded amplifier reduces saturation-induced delays and can prevent succeeding stage damage.
Nominal clamping voltage is ± VO (LM4051’s reverse breakdown voltage) +2 diode VF.
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LM4051
Typical Applications
(Continued)
10122226
10122220
FIGURE 7. Bidirectional Clamp ± 2.4V
FIGURE 4. Voltage Level Detector
10122223
FIGURE 5. Voltage Level Detector
10122235
FIGURE 8. Bidirectional Adjustable
Clamp ± 18V to ± 2.4V
10122225
FIGURE 6. Fast Positive Clamp
2.4V + VD1
11
10122236
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FIGURE 9. Bidirectional Adjustable
Clamp ± 2.4V to ± 6V
LM4051
Typical Applications
(Continued)
10122237
FIGURE 10. Simple Floating Current Detector
10122238
FIGURE 11. Current Source
Note 11: *D1 can be any LED, VF = 1.5V to 2.2V at 3 mA. D1 may act as an indicator. D1 will be on if ITHRESHOLD falls below the threshold current, except with
I = O.
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12
LM4051
Typical Applications
(Continued)
10122239
FIGURE 12. Precision Floating Current Detector
10122229
10122228
FIGURE 13. Precision 1 µA to 1 mA Current Sources
13
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LM4051 Precision Micropower Shunt Voltage Reference
Physical Dimensions
inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Plastic Surface Mount Package (M3)
NS Package Number MF03A
(JEDEC Registration TO-236AB)
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves
the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.
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