Technical Reference Notes (TRN) REV PR-A PR-B Description Preliminary Release Updated Efficiency Specs AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Date 3/30/00 2/12/01 Approved TECHNICAL REFERENCE NOTES (TRN) AA10C SERIES DC-DC CONVERTER ASTEC POWER ANDOVER, MA _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 1 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Electrical Specifications Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are absolute stress ratings only. Functional operation of the device in not implied at these or any other conditions in excess of those given in the operational sections of the TRN. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect device reliability. Table 1. Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Device Input Voltage: Continuous: All Transient (100ms) All Operating Case Temperature All Storage Temperature All Operating Humidity All I/O Isolation All Symbol Min Typ Max Unit VI VI, trans Tc Tstg - 0 0 -40 -55 - - 80 100 115 125 95 1500 Vdc Vdc ºC ºC % Vdc Device All Symbol VI Min 36 Typ 48 Max 75 Unit Vdc 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X All II,max II,max II,max II,max II,max II,max II,max II - - 0.15 0.18 0.22 0.30 0.40 0.37 0.37 10 A A A A A A mAp-p All - - - 0.75 W All - - - 1.4 uF Input Specifications Table 2. Input Specifications Parameter Operating Input Voltage Maximum Input Current (V I = 0 to VI,max : Io = Io,max) Input Reflected-ripple Current (5Hz to 20MHz: 12uH source impedance: TA = 25 ºC.) See Figure 12. No Load Input Power (V I = VI,nom ) Maximum Input Capacitance CAUTION: This power module is not internally fused. An input line fuse must always be used. Output Specifications Table 3. Output Specifications Parameter Output Voltage Setpoint (V I = VI,min to VI,max : Io = Io,max; TA = 25 ºC ) Device 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X Symbol Vo,set Vo,set Vo,set Vo,set Vo,set Vo,set Vo,set Min 1.44 1.92 3.17 4.85 11.52 14.40 Typ 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.3 5.0 12.0 15.0 Max 1.56 2.08 3.43 5.20 12.48 15.60 Unit Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc Vdc * For a 2.5V output, use the 2V output model (020S-X) with an the output voltage adjustment option. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 2 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Output Specifications (continued) Table 3. Output Specifications (continued) Parameter Output Regulation: Line (VI = VI,min to VI,max) Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit All 120S-X 150S-X - - - 5 0.1 0.1 mV % % Load(Io = Io,min to Io,max) All 120S-X 150S-X - - - 15 0.2 0.2 mV % % Temperature (Tc = -40 ºC to +105 ºC) All 120S-X 150S-X - - 25 0.5 0.5 100 2 2 mV %Vo %Vo All 120S-X 150S-X - - 50 75 75 100 120 120 mVp-p mVp-p mVp-p All 120S-X 150S-X All 120S-X 150S-X 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X All Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io Io - 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.08 0.06 - - 30 35 35 1000 200 200 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.42 2.0 0.83 0.67 4 4 4 4 4 1.4 1.1 190 mVrms mVrms mVrms uF uF uF A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Output Ripple and Noise (Across 2 x 0.47 uF ceramic capacitors) See Figure 13. Peak-to-Peak (5 Hz to 20 MHz) RMS External Load Capacitance Output Current Output Current-limit Inception (Vo = 90% Vo,set) Output Short-circuit Current %Io,max (Vo = 250mV) * For a 2.5V output, use the 2V output model (020S-X) with an the output voltage adjustment option. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 3 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Output Specifications (continued) Table 3. Output Specifications (continued) Parameter Efficiency (VI = VI,nom ; Io = Io,max; TA = 25 ºC ) Switching Frequency Dynamic Response: Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X All Io Io Io Io Io Io Io - 64 67 67 73 77 77 77 405 66 70 70 76 81 81 81 450 495 % % % % % % % kHz All - - 2 250 6 500 %Vo usec All - - 2 250 6 500 %Vo usec All - - 1 5 msec All - - - 5 %Vo Device All All Symbol - Min - Typ 260 1000 Max - Unit pF Mohm Device All Symbol - Min - Typ TBD Max - Unit hours All - - - 18(0.63) g (oz.) (∆Io/∆t = 1A/10us; VI = VI,nom ; TA = 25 ºC ) Load Change from Io = 50% to 75% of Io, max: Peak Deviation Settling Time (to Vo,nom) Load Change from Io = 50% to 25% of Io, max: Peak Deviation Settling Time (to Vo,nom) Turn-on Time (Io = Io,max; Vo within 1%) Output Voltage Overshoot (Io = Io,max; TA = 25 ºC) Isolation Specifications Table 4. Isolation Specifications Parameter Isolation Capacitance Isolation Resistance General Specifications Table 5. General Specifications Parameter Calculated MTBF (Io = Io,max; T A = 25 ºC ) Weight * For a 2.5V output, use the 2V output model (020S-X) with an the output voltage adjustment option. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 4 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Feature Specifications Table 6. Feature Specifications Parameter Remote On/Off Signal Interface: Device Symbol Min Typ Max Unit All Ion/off - - 1.0 mA All All Von/off Von/off -0.7 - - 1.2 10 V V All Ion/off - - 50 uA All Von/off - - 1.2 V All 020S-X 015S-X 020S-X 025S-X* 033S-X 050S-X 120S-X 150S-X Vo,clamp Vo,clamp Vo,clamp Vo,clamp Vo,clamp Vo,clamp Vo,clamp 90 90 1.8 3.0 3.0 3.9 5.9 13.5 16.8 - - 110 125 2.1 3.5 3.5 5.7 7.0 16.0 20.0 %Vo %Vo V V V V V V V All All - 32 34.5 32.5 35 - V V (VI = 0 to VI,max ; Open collector or equivalent compatible; Signal referenced to VI (-) terminal.) Positive Logic –Suffix “-4” Low Logic – Module Off High Logic – Module On Negative Logic –Suffix “-1” Low Logic – Module On High Logic – Module Off Module Specifications: On/Off Current – Logic Low On/Off Voltage: Logic Low Logic High (Ion/off = 0) Open Collector Switch Specifications: Leakage Current – Logic High (Von/off = 10V) Output Voltage – Logic Low (Ion/off = 1mA) Output Voltage Adjustment Suffix “-9” Voltage Adjustment Range Output Overvoltage Clamp Undervoltage Lockout Turn-on Point Turn-off Point * For a 2.5V output, use the 2V output model (020S-X) with an the output voltage adjustment option. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 5 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Characteristic Curves AA10C-048L-050S Input Characteristics (Worst Case) Tc = 25 C, Iout = 2A 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 Vin (Volts) Figure 1. Typical Input Current vs Input Voltage. Figure 2. 015S Efficiency vs Load Current. Vin = 36 Vdc AA10C-048L-033S Efficiency vs Output Current Tc = Tc,max Vin = 48 Vdc Vin = 75 Vdc 80.0% 75.0% 70.0% 65.0% 60.0% 55.0% 50.0% 0.24 0.48 0.73 0.97 1.21 1.45 1.69 1.94 2.18 2.42 Output Current (Amps) Figure 3. 020S Efficiency vs Load Current. Figure 4. 033S Efficiency vs Load Current. Vin = 36 Vdc AA10C-048L-050S Efficiency vs Output Current Tc = Tc,max Vin = 48 Vdc Vin = 75 Vdc 85.0% 80.0% 75.0% 70.0% 65.0% 60.0% 55.0% 50.0% 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00 Output Current (Amps) Figure 5. 050S Efficiency vs Load Current. Figure 6. 120S Efficiency vs Load Current. Figure 7. 150S Efficiency vs Load Current. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 6 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Characteristic Curves (continued) Figure 8. Typical Output Voltage Startup Vi = Vi,nom, Io = Io,max. Figure 9. Typical Output Ripple Vi = Vi,nom, Io = Io,max. Normalized Output Voltage Time (100 us/div) Time (100 us/div) Figure 10. Typical Dynamic Response Step Load Change from 50% to 75% Io,max Figure 11. Typical Dynamic Response Step Load Change from 50% to 25% Io,max Test Configurations TO OSCILLOSCOPE Vi(+) Ltest 12 uH BATTERY Cs 220 uF ESR < 0.1 OHM @ 20 ºC, 100 kHz 33 uF ESR < 0.7 OHM @ 20 ºC, 100 kHz Vi(-) Note: Measure input reflected-ripple current with a simulated source inductance (Ltest) of 12 uH. Capacitor Cs offsets possible battery impedance. Measure current as shown above. Figure 12. Input Reflected-ripple Test Setup. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 7 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W COPPER STRIP Vo(+) 0.47uF 0.47 uF SCOPE RESISTIVE LOAD Vo(-) Note: Use a 2 x 0.47 uF ceramic capacitors. Scope measurement should be made using a BNC socket. Position the load between 51 mm and 76 mm (2 in. and 3 in.) from module. Figure 13. Peak-to-Peak Output Noise Measurement Test Setup. Feature Descriptions Output Overvoltage Clamp The output overvoltage clamp consists of a separate control loop, independent of the primary control loop. This control loop has a higher voltage setpoint than the primary loop. In a fault condition the converter goes into “Hiccup Mode”, and the output overvoltage clamp ensures that the output voltage does not exceed Vo,clamp,max. This secondary control loop provides a redundant voltage-control that reduces the risk of output overvoltage. Output Current Protection To provide protection in an output overload or short circuit condition, the converter is equipped with current limiting circuitry and can endure the fault condition for an unlimited duration. At the point of current-limit inception, the converter goes into “Hiccup Mode”, causing the output current to be limited both in peak and duration.The converter operates normally once the output current is brought back into its specified range. Enable (Optional) Two enable option are available. Positive Logic Enable, suffix “4”, and Negative Logic Enable, suffix “1”. Positive Logic Enable turns the converter on during a logic-high voltage on the enable pin, and off during a logic-low. Negative Logic Enable turns the converter of during a logic-high and on during a logic-low. Output Voltage Adjustment (Optional) Output voltage adjustment is accomplished by connecting an external resistor between the Vadj Pin and either the +Vout or –Vout Pins. With an external resistor between the Vadj Pin and +Vout Pin (Radj-down) the output voltage set point (Vo,adj) decreases (see Figure 14). The following equation determines the required external resistor value to obtain an adjusted output voltage: _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 8 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Feature Descriptions (continued) L) . G ( Vo , adj Radj_down H . ohm ( Vo , nom Vo , adj) Where Radj-down is the resistance value and G, H, and L are defined in Table 7. With an external resistor between the Vadj Pin and -Vout Pin (Radj-up) the output voltage set point (Vo,adj) increases (see Figure 15). The following equation determines the required external resistor value to obtain an adjusted output voltage: G. L Radj_up ( ( Vo , adj H . ohm L) K) Where Radj-up is the resistance value and G, H, K, and L are defined in Table 7: Table 7 Output Adjustment Variables. Model 015S 020S 033S 050S 120S 150S G 5110 5110 5110 5110 10,000 10,000 H 2050 2050 2050 2050 5110 5110 K 0.26 0.76 0.80 2.5 9.5 12.5 L 1.24 1.24 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 +Vout Radj-down +Vin Vadj Rload -Vin Enable -Vout Figure 14 . Circuit Configuration to Decrease Output Voltage. +Vout +Vin Vadj -Vin Enable Rload Radj-up -Vout Figure 15 . Circuit Configuration to Increase Output Voltage. _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 9 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Thermal Considerations The power converter operates in a variety of thermal environments: however, sufficient cooling should be provided to help ensure reliable operation of the converter. Heat-dissipating components are thermally coupled to the PCB. Heat is removed by conduction, convection, and radiation to the surrounding environment. Proper cooling can be verified by measuring the PCB temperature. See figure 23 for PCB temperature measurement location. Heat Transfer Characteristics Increasing airflow over the converter enhances the heat transfer via convection. Figure 16 shows the maximum power that can be dissipated by the converter without exceeding the maximum case temperature versus local ambient temperature (TA) for natural convection through 3.0 m/s (600 ft/min). Systems in which these converters are used generate airflow rates of 0.25 m/s (50 ft/min) due to other heat dissipating components in the system. Therefore, the natural convection condition represents airflow rates of approximately 0.25 m/s (50 ft/min). Use of Figure 16 is shown in the following example. Example What is the minimum airflow required for an 050S operating at 48 V, an output current of 2.0 A, and maximum ambient temperature of 95 ºC. Solution: Given: Vi = 48 V, Io = 3.0 A, TA = 95 ºC. Determine PD (Figure 20): PD = 2.2 W. Determine airflow (Figure 16): v = 1.0 m/s (200 ft/min) Nat. Conv. AA10C SERIES Power Derating Curve 1.0 m/s (200 ft/min) 2.0 m/s (400 ft/min) 3.0 m/s (600 ft/min) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 Ambient Temperature (ºC) Figure 16. Forced Convection Power Derating _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 10 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Thermal Considerations (continued) Figure 17. 015S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. Figure 18. 020S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. Vin = 36 Vdc AA10C-048L-033S Power Dissipation vs Output Current Tc = Tc,max 3.00 3.00 2.50 2.50 2.00 2.00 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.24 Vin = 36 Vdc AA10C-048L-050S Power Dissipation vs Output Current Tc = Tc,max Vin =48 Vdc Vin = 75 Vdc Vin =48 Vdc Vin = 75 Vdc 0.00 0.48 0.73 0.97 1.21 1.45 1.69 1.94 2.18 2.42 0.20 Output Current (Amps) 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00 Output Current (Amps) Figure 21. 120S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. Figure 22. 150S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. Transformer Figure 20. 050S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. FET Figure 19. 033S Pwr. Diss. vs Load Current. Measurement Location Rectifier Inductor Figure 23. PCB Temperature Measurement Location _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 11 of 12 Technical Reference Notes (TRN) AA10C Series 36 Vdc to 75 Vdc Inputs, 10 W Outline Drawing Dimensions are in inches (millimeters) Tolerances: x.xx +/- 0.02 in (x.x +/- 0.5mm) x.xx +/- 010 in (x.xx +/- 0.25mm) Pin Assignment 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. +Vin - Vin + Output Trim - Output Enable (on/off) Ordering Information Table 8 Part Numbers. Input Voltage 36 V – 75 V 36 V – 75 V 36 V – 75 V 36 V – 75 V 36 V – 75 V 36 V – 75 V Output Voltage 1.5 V 2.0 V 3.3 V 5.0 V 12.0 V 15.0V Output Power 3W 4W 8W 10 W 10 W 10 W Part Number AA10C-048L-015S AA10C-048L-020S AA10C-048L-033S AA10C-048L-050S AA10C-048L-120S AA10C-048L-150S Table 9 Option Codes. Suffix -1 -4 -6 -8 -9 Option Negative Logic Enable Positive Logic Enable 3.7 mm Pin Length 2.8 mm Pin Length Output Voltage Adjustment _____________________________________________________________ ASTEC POWER - Andover 12 of 12