CHAMP CM2596SSCN263 3a step down voltage regulator Datasheet

CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
FEATURES
The CM2596S series are step-down switching regulators with
‹
Guaranteed 3A output current
all required active functions. It is capable of driving 3A load
‹
3.3V, 5V, and adjustable versions
with excellent line and load regulations. These devices are
‹
Wide input voltage range, up to 40V
available in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, and an
‹
Internal oscillator of 150KHz fixed frequency
adjustable output version.
‹
Wide adjustable version output voltage range, from
1.23V to 37V±4% max over line and load conditions
The CM2596S series offers a high-efficiency replacement for
‹
Low standby current, typ. 150μA, at shutdown mode
popular three-terminal linear regulators. Also it requires a
‹
Requires only 4 external components
minimum number of external components. It substantially not
‹
‹
‹
‹
Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
Requires only 4 external components
Excellent line and load regulation specifications
TTL shutdown capability
only reduces the area of board size but also the size of the
heat sink, and in some cases no heat sink is required.
±4% tolerance on output voltage within specified input
voltages and output load conditions is guaranteed. Also, the
oscillator frequency accuracy is within ±15%. External
shutdown is included, featuring 150μA (typical) standby
current. The output switch includes cycle-by-cycle current
limiting, as well as thermal shutdown for full protection under
fault conditions.
APPLICATIONS
‹
LCD Monitors
‹
ADD-ON Cards Switching Regulators
‹
High Efficiency Step-Down Regulators
‹
Efficient Pre-regulator for Linear Regulators
ORDERING INFORMATION
Package Type
Output Voltage
TO-220
TO-263
CM2596SSCN220
CM2596SSCN263
CM2596SZJCN220
CM2596SZJCN263
5.0V
CM2596SCN220
CM2596SCN263
ADJ.
CM2596SGSCN220
CM2596SGSCN263
3.3V
CM2596SGZJCN220
CM2596SGZJCN263
5.0V
CM2596SGCN220
CM2596SGCN263
ADJ.
3.3V
CM2596SGCN220B
ADJ
CM2596S X
Lead Free
Blank: Normal
G: Lead Free package
2006/11/27 Rev 1.0
X X X
Output Voltage
C: Adjustable
SC: 3.3V
ZJC: 5V
Package Type
N: TO package
Champion Microelectronic Corporation
Package
220:TO-220
263:TO-263
Page 1
CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
PIN CONFIGURATION
TO-220
Top View
TO-220B
Top View
TO-263
Top View
ENABLE
GND
5
4
3
V OUT
V IN
2
1
FB
ENABLE
1 2
GND
V OUT
V IN
FB
3
4
5
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Input Voltage (VPOWER)
…….………………………………………….……. +45V
ENABLE Pin Input Voltage ….…………………………………. –0.3V ≦V≦25V
Storage Temperature ………………………………….….…... -65℃ to +150℃
Lead Temperature (10 sec.) ……..……………………..….…………….... 260℃
Operating Temperature
……..……………………..….……………....... -40℃ to +125℃
POWER DISSIPATION TABLE
Package
ΘJA (℃/W)
Derating factor (mW/℃)
TA <= 25℃
TA >= 25℃
Power rating (mW)
TA = 70℃
TA = 85℃
Power rating (mW) Power rating (mW)
TO-220(B)
28
22.2
2775
1776
1443
TO-263
23
22.2
2775
1776
1443
Note:
1. ΘJA : Thermal Resistance-Junction to Ambient, DF: Derating factor, PO: Power consumption.
2.
Junction Temperature Calculation: TJ = TA + (PD x ΘJA ), PO = DF x (TJ – TA)
The ΘJA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/PC-board system.
All of the above assume no ambient airflow.
ΘJT : Thermal Resistance-Junction to Ambient, TC: case (Tab) temperature, TJ = TC + (PD x ΘJA )
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Characteristics at IOUT = 0mA, and TJ = +25℃; unless otherwise noted
Unless otherwise specified, Vin=12V for 3.3V,5V,adjustable version. ILoad=0.3A
Parameter
Device
Output Voltage
CM2596SS
(Note 1)
CM2596SZJ
Test circuit of Figure 1
Output Voltage
CM2596SS
6V<=VIN <=40V
(Note 1)
CM2596SZJ
8V<=VIN <=40V
CM2596SS
6V<=VIN <=40V
Output Voltage
(Note 1)
Feedback Voltage
(Note 1)
Feedback Voltage
(Note 1)
Feedback Voltage
(Note 1)
Test circuit of Figure 2
CM2596S (Adj)
Test circuit of Figure 2
Efficiency
V
4.750
5.000
5.250
V
VOUT =5V
1.217
1.230
1.243
V
0.5A<=ILOAD <=3A
1.193
1.230
1.267
V
1.180
1.230
1.286
V
0.5A<=ILOAD <=3A,
73
ILOAD =3A
Thermal Equilibrium
73
TJ=25℃
127
150
173
110
150
173
5
10
mA
150
250
μA
1.3
1.4
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
VOUT =5V
TJ=25℃
(Adj. Version only)
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
1.5
50
Note 2,4
Output Leakage Current
Note 3
VIH (VOUT =0V)
100
500
Note 5
Current Limit
%
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
TJ=25℃
ILOAD =3A (Note 4)
%
80
ILOAD =3A, VOUT =5V
Duty Cycle (ON)
2006/11/27 Rev 1.0
V
3.482
ENABLE = 5V
ENABLE Input Current
5.100
3.300
Standby Current
ENABLE Threshold Voltage
5.000
3.135
Note 3
Feedback Bias Current
4.900
V
Quiescent Current
Saturation Voltage
V
V
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
CM2596S(adj)
(Note 2)
3.366
3.432
Test circuit of Figure 2
CM2596SZJ
Oscillator Frequency
3.300
5.200
8V<=VIN <=40V, VOUT =5V
CM2596SS
3.234
3.300
Test circuit of Figure 1
8V<=VIN <=40V, VOUT =5V
Max.
5.000
0.2A<=ILOAD <=3A,
CM2596S (Adj)
Typ.
3.168
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
8V<=VIN <=40V
Unit
Min.
4.800
0.2A<=ILOAD <=3A
CM2596SZJ
CM2596S (Adj)
CM2596S
Test Conditions
100
3.6
4.5
5.5
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
3.6
4.5
6.5
0.3
VOUT =1V
2
TJ=25℃
2
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
2.2
VIL (VOUT = Normal Output
TJ=25℃
Voltage)
-40℃<=TJ<=125℃
IIH ( ENABLE = 5V)
IIL ( ENABLE = 0V)
Champion Microelectronic Corporation
V
nA
%
TJ=25℃
VOUT =0V
kHz
30
1.3
A
mA
V
1.3
0.6
15
25
0.02
5
Page 3
V
μA
CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Note 1: External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator system
performance. Refer to Application Information for details.
Note 2: The oscillator frequency reduces to approximately 11KHz in the event of fault conditions, such as output short or
overload. And the regulated output voltage will drop approximately 40% from the nominal output voltage. This self-protection
feature lowers the average power dissipation by lowering the minimum duty cycle from 5% down to approximately 2%.
Note 3: For these parameters, FB is removed from VOUT and connected to +12V to force the output transistor OFF.
Note 4: VOUT pin sourcing current. No diode, inductor or capacitor connect to VOUT.
Note 5: FB is removed from VOUT and connected to 0V.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Vin
1
150KHz
FB
Thermal Shutdown
4
Requlator
&
Oscillator
With
Current Limit
R2*
5
ENABLE
2
Vout
Enable
Comparator
+
.
.
-
.
R1*
.
+
Driver
Error Amplifier
.
.
..
.
1.23V
Reference
GND 3
2006/11/27 Rev 1.0
Reset
Champion Microelectronic Corporation
Page 4
CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
APPLICATION CIRCUIT
Figure1. Fixed Output Voltage
Figure2. Adjustable Output Voltage
Vout = Vref ( 1 + R2 / R1 )
R2 = R1 ( Vout / Vref – 1 )
Where Vref = 1.23V , R1 between 1K and 5K
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
VIN=32V
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
APPLICATION INFORMATION
External component selector
Input Capacitors (Cin)
It is required that VIN must be bypassed with at least a 100uF electrolytic capacitor for stability. Also, it is strongly recommended
the capacitor’s leads must be short, wide and located near the regulator as possible. The important parameters for the capacitor
are the voltage rating and the RMS current rating. For a maximum ambient temperature of 40℃, a general guideline would be to
select a capacitor with a ripple current rating of approximately 50% of the DC load current. The capacitor voltage rating must be
at least 1. 5 times greater than the maximum input voltage.
For low operating temperature range, for example, below -25℃, the input capacitor value may need to be larger. This is due to
the reason that the capacitance value of electrolytic capacitors decreases and the ESR increases with lower temperatures and
age. Paralleling a ceramic or solid tantalum capacitor will increase the regulator stability at cold temperatures.
Output Capacitors (COUT)
An output capacitor is also required to filter the output voltage and is needed for loop stability. The capacitor should be located
near the CM2596S using short PC board traces. Low ESR types capacitors are recommended for low output ripple voltage and
good stability. Generally, low value or low voltage (less than 12V) electrolytic capacitors usually have higher ESR numbers. For
example, the lower capacitor values (220uF – 1000uF) will yield typically 50mV to 150mV of output ripple voltage, while
larger-value capacitors will reduce the ripple to approximately 20mV to 50mV.
The amount of output ripple voltage is primarily a function of the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the output capacitor and
the amplitude of the inductor ripple current (△IIND).
Output Ripple Voltage = (△IIND) x (ESR of COUT)
Some capacitors called “high-frequency”, “low-inductance”, or “low-ESR” are recommended to use to further reduce the output
ripple voltage to 10mV or 20mV. However, very low ESR capacitors, such as Tantalum capacitors, should be carefully evaluated.
Catch Diode
This diode is required to provide a return path for the inductor current when the switch is off. It should be located close to the
CM2596S using short leads and short printed circuit traces as possible.
To satisfy the need of fast switching speed and low forward voltage drop, Schottky diodes are widely used to provide the best
efficiency, especially in low output voltage switching regulators (less than 5V). Besides, fast-Recovery, high-efficiency, or
ultra-fast recovery diodes are also suitable. But some types with an abrupt turn-off characteristic may cause instability and EMI
problems. A fast-recovery diode with soft recovery characteristics is better choice.
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Output Voltage Ripple and Transients
The output ripple voltage is due mainly to the inductor sawtooth ripple current multiplied by the ESR of the output capacitor. The
output ripple voltage of a switching power supply will contain a sawtooth ripple voltages at the switcher frequency, typically about
1% of the output voltages, and may also contain short voltage spikes of the sawtooth waveform.
Due to the fast switching action, and the parasitic inductance of the output filter capacitor, there is voltage spikes presenting at
the peaks of the sawtooth waveform. Cautions must be taken for stray capacitance, wiring inductance, and even the scope
probes used for transients evaluation. To minimize these voltage spikes, shortening the lead length and PCB traces is always the
first thought. Further more, an additional small LC filter (30uH & 100uF) (as shown in Figure 3) will possibly provide a 10X
reduction in output ripple voltage and transients.
7V-40V
DC INPUT
3uF
Cin
470uF
L1
68uH
Cout
220uF
Inductor Selection
The CM2596S can be used for either continuous or discontinuous modes of operation. Each mode has distinctively different
operating characteristics, which can affect the regulator performance and requirements.
With relatively heavy load currents, the circuit operates in the continuous mode (inductor current always flowing), but under light
load conditions, the circuit will be forced to the discontinuous mode (inductor current falls to zero for a period of time). For light
loads (less than approximately 300mA) it may be desirable to operate the regulator in the discontinuous mode, primarily because
of the lower inductor values required for the discontinuous mode.
Inductors are available in different styles such as pot core, toriod, E-frame, bobbin core, et., as well as different core materials,
such as ferrites and powdered iron. The least expensive, the bobbin core type, consists of wire wrapped on a ferrite rod core.
This type of construction makes for an inexpensive inductor, but since the magnetic flux is not completely contained within the
core, it generates more electromagnetic interference (EMI). This EMI can cause problems in sensitive circuits, or can give
incorrect scope readings because of induced voltages in the scope probe.
An inductor should not be operated beyond its maximum rated current because it may saturate. When an inductor begins to
saturate, the inductance decreases rapidly and the inductor begins to look mainly resistive (the DC resistance of the winding).
This will cause the switch current to rise very rapidly. Different inductor types have different saturation characteristics, and this
should be well considered when selecting as inductor.
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
Feedback Connection
For fixed output voltage version, the FB (feedback) pin must be connected to VOUT. For the adjustable version, it is important to
place the output voltage ratio resistors near CM2596S as possible in order to minimize the noise introduction.
Enable
It is required that the ENABLE must not be left open. For normal operation, connect this pin to a “LOW” voltage (typically, below
1.6V). On the other hand, for standby mode, connect this pin with a “HIGH” voltage. This pin can be safely pulled up to +VIN
without a resistor in series with it.
Grounding
To maintain output voltage stability, the power ground connections must be low-impedance. For the 5-lead TO-220 and TO-263
style package, both the tab and pin 3 are ground and either connection may be used.
Heatsink and Thermal Consideration
Although the CM2596S requires only a small heatsink for most cases, the following thermal consideration is important for all
operation. With the package thermal resistances θJA and θJC, total power dissipation can be estimated as follows:
PD = (VIN x IQ) + (VOUT / VIN)(ILOAD x VSAT);
When no heatsink is used, the junction temperature rise can be determined by the following:
ΔTJ = PD x θJA;
With the ambient temerpature, the actual junction temperature will be:
TJ = ΔTJ + TA;
If the actual operating junction temperature is out of the safe operating junction temperature (typically 125℃), then a heatsink is
required. When using a heatsink, the junction temperature rise will be reduced by the following:
ΔTJ = PD x (θJC + θinterface + θHeatsink);
Also one can see from the above, it is important to choose an heatsink with adequate size and thermal resistance, such that to
maintain the regulator’s junction temperature below the maximum operating temperature.
Layout guideline
As in any switching regulator, layout is very important. Rapidly switching currents associated with wiring inductance can generate
voltage transients which can cause problems. For minimal inductance and ground loops, the wires indicated by heavy lines
should be wide printed circuit traces and should be kept as short as possible. For best results, external components should
be located as close to the switcher lC as possible using ground plane construction or single point grounding.
If open core inductors are used, special care must be taken as to the location and positioning of this type of inductor. Allowing
the inductor flux to intersect sensitive feedback, lC ground path and COUT wiring can cause problems.
When using the adjustable version, special care must be taken as to the location of the feedback resistors and the associated
wiring. Physically locate both resistors near the IC, and route the wiring away from the inductor, especially an open core type of
inductor. (See application section for more information.)
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
PACKAGE DIMENSION
TO-220 (N220)
Symbol
Min(mm)
Max(mm)
A.
14.22
16.51
B
9.66
10.66
C
3.56
4.83
D
0.46
1.02
F(Φ)
3.56
4.06
G
3.14
3.7
J
0.31
1.14
K
12.70
14.73
N
6.68
6.93
R
2.04
3.18
S
1.14
1.40
T
5.46
6.86
TO-220B (N220B)
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Champion Microelectronic Corporation
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
TO-263 (N263)
Symbol
Min(mm)
Max(mm)
A.
9.88
10.67
B
8.20
9.17
C
4.34
4.80
D
-
1.40
E
0.31
0.53
F
0.71
0.92
G
1.57
1.83
I
-
1.80
K
14.45
16.13
L
1.84
2.79
TO-263 (N263)
Lead Position Overlay
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CM2596S
3A STEP DOWN VOLTAGE REGULATOR
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Champion Microelectronic Corporation (CMC) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any integrated
circuit product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify,
before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.
A few applications using integrated circuit products may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or severe property or
environmental damage. CMC integrated circuit products are not designed, intended, authorized, or warranted to be suitable for
use in life-support applications, devices or systems or other critical applications. Use of CMC products in such applications is
understood to be fully at the risk of the customer.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, the
customer should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
HsinChu Headquarter
Sales & Marketing
5F, No. 11, Park Avenue II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
HsinChu City, Taiwan
T E L : +886-3-567 9979
F A X : +886-3-567 9909
7F-6, No.32, Sec. 1, Chenggong Rd.,
Nangang District, Taipei City 115,
Taiwan R.O.C.
T E L : +886-2-2788 0558
F A X : +886-2-2788 2985
2006/11/27 Rev 1.0
Champion Microelectronic Corporation
Page 13
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