MOTOROLA MC68HC11D0CFN3 Microcontroller Datasheet

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC711D3
MC68HC11D3
MC68HC11D0
MC68L11D0
Data Sheet
M68HC11
Microcontrollers
MC68HC711D3/D
Rev. 2
9/2003
MOTOROLA.COM/SEMICONDUCTORS
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC711D3
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Data Sheet
To provide the most up-to-date information, the revision of our documents on the
World Wide Web will be the most current. Your printed copy may be an earlier
revision. To verify you have the latest information available, refer to:
http://www.motorola.com/semiconductors/
The following revision history table summarizes changes contained in this
document. For your convenience, the page number designators have been linked
to the appropriate location.
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DigitalDNA is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
© Motorola, Inc., 2003
Data Sheet
MOTOROLA
3
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Revision History
Revision History
Date
Revision
Level
Page
Number(s)
Description
Reformatted to curent publications standards
N/A
Removed references to PROG mode.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
September,
2003
2
15
15
16
1.9 Interrupt Request (IRQ) — Reworked description for clarity.
18
2.4 Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM) — Updated with additional
data.
31
Section 10. Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications —
Added mechanical specifications for 44-pin plastic quad flat pack (QFP).
133
Added the following appendices:
Appendix A. MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
Appendix B. MC68L11D0
Data Sheet
4
Throughout
Corrected pin assignments for:
Figure 1-2. Pin Assignments for 40-Pin Plastic DIP
Figure 1-3. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin PLCC
Added Figure 1-4. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin QFP
137
143
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Revision History
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
List of Sections
Section 1. General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
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Section 2. Operating Modes and Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Section 3. Central Processor Unit (CPU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Section 4. Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Section 6. Serial Communications Interface (SCI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Section 7. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Section 8. Programmable Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Section 9. Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Section 10. Ordering Information and Mechanical
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Appendix A. MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Appendix B. MC68L11D0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
List of Sections
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
List of Sections
Data Sheet
6
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
List of Sections
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Table of Contents
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Section 1. General Description
1.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.3
Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.4
Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.5
Power Supply (VDD, VSS, and EVSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.6
Reset (RESET) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.7
Crystal Driver and External Clock Input (XTAL and EXTAL) . . . . . . . . . 17
1.8
E-Clock Output (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.9
Interrupt Request (IRQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.10
Non-Maskable Interrupt/Programming Voltage (XIRQ/VPP) . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.11
MODA and MODB (MODA/LIR and MODB/VSTBY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1.12
Read/Write (R/W) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.13
Port D Bit 6/Address Strobe (PD6/AS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.14
Input/Output Lines (PA7–PA0, PB7–PB0,
PC7–PC0, and PD7–PD0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Section 2. Operating Modes and Memory
2.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single-Chip Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expanded Multiplexed Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special Bootstrap Mode (BOOT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special Test Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
21
22
22
23
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
Memory Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RAM and I/O Mapping Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24
25
30
30
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programming an Individual EPROM Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Programming the EPROM with Downloaded Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PROM Programming Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
32
32
33
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Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
Section 3. Central Processor Unit (CPU)
3.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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3.2
CPU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.1
Accumulators A, B, and D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.2
Index Register X (IX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.3
Index Register Y (IY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.4
Stack Pointer (SP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.5
Program Counter (PC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6
Condition Code Register (CCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.1
Carry/Borrow (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.2
Overflow (V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.3
Zero (Z) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.4
Negative (N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.5
I-Interrupt Mask (I). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.6
Half Carry (H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.7
X-Interrupt Mask (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2.6.8
STOP Disable (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
36
37
37
37
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
40
3.3
Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.4
Opcodes and Operands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
Addressing Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Immediate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extended. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indexed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inherent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.6
Instruction Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
41
42
42
42
42
42
43
Section 4. Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
4.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
Resets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RESET Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer Operating Properly (COP) Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clock Monitor Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Configuration Options Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
51
51
52
53
53
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
4.3.5
4.3.6
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software Interrupt (SWI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Illegal Opcode Trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real-Time Interrupt (RTI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interrupt Mask Bits in the CCR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Priority Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Highest Priority I Interrupt and Miscellaneous
Register (HPRIO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
54
56
56
56
56
57
Data Sheet
8
63
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Table of Contents
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
Low-Power Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Stop Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Wait Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
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Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports
5.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5.2
Port A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
Port B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Port B Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Port B Data Direction Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
Port C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port C Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port C Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Port C Data Direction Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
Port D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Port D Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Port D Data Direction Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
70
70
70
71
Section 6. Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
6.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.2
Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.3
Transmit Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
6.4
Receive Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
6.5
6.5.1
6.5.2
Wakeup Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Idle-Line Wakeup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Address-Mark Wakeup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.6
SCI Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
6.7
6.7.1
6.7.2
6.7.3
6.7.4
6.7.5
SCI Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCI Data Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCI Control Register 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCI Control Register 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCI Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Baud Rate Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8
Status Flags and Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
78
78
78
79
80
81
Section 7. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
7.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
7.2
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
7.3
SPI Transfer Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
7.4
Clock Phase and Polarity Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
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7.5
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.5.3
7.5.4
SPI Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Master In/Slave Out (MISO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Master Out/Slave In (MOSI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serial Clock (SCK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Slave Select (SS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
90
90
90
90
7.6
SPI System Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
7.7
7.7.1
7.7.2
7.7.3
SPI Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Status Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPI Data I/O Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
92
93
94
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Section 8. Programmable Timer
8.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
8.2
Timer Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
8.3.3
Input Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Timer Control 2 Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Timer Input Capture Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
8.4
Output Compare (OC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.1
Timer Output Compare Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.2
Timer Compare Force Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.3
Output Compare 1 Mask Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.4
Output Compare 1 Data Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.5
Timer Counter Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.6
Timer Control 1 Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.7
Timer Interrupt Mask 1 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.8
Timer Interrupt Flag 1 Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.9
Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4.10
Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102
103
104
105
105
106
106
107
108
108
109
8.5
8.5.1
8.5.2
8.5.3
Real-Time Interrupt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse Accumulator Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
110
110
111
112
8.6
Computer Operating Properly Watchdog Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
8.7
8.7.1
8.7.2
8.7.3
Pulse Accumulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse Accumulator Control Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse Accumulator Count Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pulse Accumulator Status and Interrupt Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Sheet
10
113
114
115
115
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Table of Contents
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Section 9. Electrical Characteristics
9.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
9.2
Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
9.3
Functional Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
9.4
Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
9.5
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
9.6
Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
9.7
Peripheral Port Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
9.8
Expansion Bus Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
9.9
Serial Peripheral Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Section 10. Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
10.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
10.2
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
10.3
40-Pin DIP (Case 711-03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
10.4
44-Pin PLCC (Case 777-02). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
10.5
44-Pin QFP (Case 824A-01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Appendix A. MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
A.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
A.2
Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
A.3
Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
A.4
Memory Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
A.5
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 Electrical Characteristics. . . . . . . . 140
A.5.1
Functional Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
A.5.2
Thermal Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
A.6
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Appendix B. MC68L11D0
B.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
B.2
MC68L11D0 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.1
Functional Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.2
DC Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.3
Control Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.4
Peripheral Port Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.5
Expansion Bus Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.2.6
Serial Peripheral Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B.3
Ordering Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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143
143
143
145
145
146
147
Data Sheet
Table of Contents
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Table of Contents
Data Sheet
12
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Table of Contents
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 1. General Description
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1.1 Introduction
This section depicts the general characteristics and features of the MC68HC711D3
high-density complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (HCMOS) microcontroller
unit (MCU).
The MC68HC711D3 contains highly sophisticated on-chip peripheral functions.
This high-speed, low-power programmable read-only memory (PROM) MCU has
a nominal bus speed of 3 MHz. The fully static design allows operations at
frequencies down to dc.
The MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 are read-only memory (ROM) based
high-performance microcontrollers (MCU) based on the MC68HC11E9 design.
The MC68L11D0 is an extended-voltage version of the MC68HC11D0 that
can operate in applications that require supply voltages as low as 3.0 V. The
information in this document pertains to all the devices with the exceptions noted in
Appendix A. MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 and Appendix B. MC68L11D0.
1.2 Features
Features of the MC68HC711D3 include:
•
Expanded 16-bit timer system with four-stage programmable prescaler
•
Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) serial communications interface (SCI)
•
Power-saving stop and wait modes
•
64 Kbytes memory addressability
•
Multiplexed address/data bus
•
Serial peripheral interface (SPI)
•
4 Kbytes of one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM)
•
8-bit pulse accumulator circuit
•
192 bytes of static random-access memory (RAM) (all saved during
standby)
•
Real-time interrupt (RTI) circuit
•
Computer operating properly (COP) watchdog system
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
General Description
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General Description
•
Available in these packages:
– 40-pin plastic dual in-line package (DIP)
– 44-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC)
– 44-pin plastic quad flat pack (QFP)
1.3 Structure
Refer to Figure 1-1, which shows the structure of the MC68HC711D3 MCU.
NOT BONDED IN 40-PIN PACKAGE
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
MODA/LIR
MODB/VSTBY
RESET
IRQ
XIRQ/VPP
XTAL EXTAL
E
OSCILLATOR
MODE CONTROL
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
CLOCK LOGIC
INTERRUPT CONTROL
4 KBYTES
EPROM OR OTPROM
COP
PAI/OC1 PULSE ACCUMULATOR
OC2/OC1
OC3/OC1
OC4/OC1
TIMER
IC4/OC5/OC1
IC1
IC2
IC3
PERIODIC INTERRUPT
PORT A
192 BYTES STATIC RAM
SS
MC68HC711D3
CPU CORE
VSS
MOSI
MISO
VDD
SERIAL
COMMUNICATIONS
INTERFACE
(SCI)
SCK
SERIAL
PERIPHERAL
INTERFACE
(SPI)
TxD
RxD
EVSS
MULTIPLEXED ADDRESS/DATA BUS
PD0
PD1
PD2
PD3
PD4
PD5
PD6/AS
PD7/R/W
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
PC6
PC7
PB0
PB1
PB2
PORT D
PB3
PORT C
PB4
PORT B
PB5
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER D
PB6
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER C
PB7
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER B
Figure 1-1. MC68HC711D3 Block Diagram
Data Sheet
14
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
General Description
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General Description
Pin Descriptions
1.4 Pin Descriptions
Refer to Figure 1-2, Figure 1-3, and Figure 1-4 for pin assignments.
1
40
XTAL
PC0
2
39
EXTAL
PC1
3
38
E
PC2
4
37
MODA/LIR
PC3
5
36
MODB/VSTBY
PC4
6
35
PB0
PC5
7
34
PB1
PC6
8
33
PB2
PC7
9
32
PB3
XIRQ/VPP
10
31
PB4
PD7/R/W
11
30
PB5
PD6/AS
12
29
PB6
RESET
13
28
PB7
IRQ
14
27
PA0
PD0
15
26
PA1
PD1
16
25
PA2
PD2
17
24
PA3
PD3
18
23
PA5
PD4
19
22
PA7
PD5
20
21
VDD
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VSS
EXTAL
E
MODA/LIR
MODB/VSTBY
42
41
40
VSS
2
43
PC0
3
XTAL
PD1
4
EVSS
PC2
5
44
PC3
6
Figure 1-2. Pin Assignments for 40-Pin Plastic DIP
39
PB0
7
PC5
8
38
PB1
PC6
9
37
PB2
PC7
10
36
PB3
XIRQ/VPP
11
35
PB4
PD7/R/W
12
34
PB5
PD6/AS
13
33
PB6
RESET
14
32
PB7
IRQ
15
31
NC
PD0
16
30
PA0
PD1
17
29
PA1
25
26
27
28
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
22
VDD
24
21
PD5
PA6
20
PD4
23
19
PD3
PA7
18
PD2
1
PC4
Figure 1-3. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin PLCC
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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PB2
30
PB3
XIRQ
5
29
PB4
PD7
6
28
PB5
PD6
7
27
PB6
RESET
8
26
PB7
IRQ
9
25
NC
PD0
10
24
PA0
15
MODB
38
31
4
PA1
PD5
MODA
XTAL
39
3
PC7
14
34
VSS
40
PC6
13
35
EVSS
41
PB1
PD4
E
PC0
42
32
PD3
36
PC1
43
PB0
2
12
EXTAL
PC2
1
PC5
16
17
18
19
20
21
23
VDD
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PD1
37
PC3
PC4
PD2
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
General Description
Figure 1-4. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin QFP
1.5 Power Supply (VDD, VSS, and EVSS)
Power is supplied to the MCU through VDD and VSS. VDD is the power supply
(+5 V ±10%) and VSS is ground (0 V). EVSS, available on the 44-pin PLCC and
QFP, is an additional ground pin.
1.6 Reset (RESET)
An active low bidirectional control signal, RESET, acts as an input to initialize the
MCU to a known startup state. It also acts as an open-drain output to indicate that
an internal failure has been detected in either the clock monitor or computer
operating properly (COP) watchdog circuit. In addition, the state of this pin is one
of the factors governing the selection of BOOT mode.
Data Sheet
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General Description
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General Description
Crystal Driver and External Clock Input (XTAL and EXTAL)
1.7 Crystal Driver and External Clock Input (XTAL and EXTAL)
These two pins provide the interface for either a crystal or a CMOS compatible
clock to control the internal clock generator circuitry. The frequency applied to
these pins is four times higher than the desired E-clock rate. Refer to Figure 1-5
for crystal and clock connections.
MCU
4xE
CMOS-COMPATIBLE
EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
EXTAL
XTAL
NC OR
10K–100K
LOAD
FIRST MCU
SECOND MCU
25 pF *
EXTAL
EXTAL
10 M
4xE
CRYSTAL
25 pF *
XTAL
NC OR
10K–100K
LOAD
XTAL
MCU
25 pF *
EXTAL
10 M
4xE
CRYSTAL
25 pF *
XTAL
* Values includes all stray capacitances.
Figure 1-5. Oscillator Connections
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General Description
1.8 E-Clock Output (E)
E is the output connection for the internally generated E clock. The signal from E
is used as a timing reference. The frequency of the E-clock output is one fourth that
of the input frequency at the XTAL and EXTAL pins. The E clock can be turned off
in single-chip mode for greater noise immunity if desired. See 4.3.6 Highest
Priority I Interrupt and Miscellaneous Register (HPRIO) for details.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
1.9 Interrupt Request (IRQ)
The IRQ input provides a means of applying asynchronous interrupt requests to the
microcontroller unit (MCU). Either negative edge-sensitive triggering or
level-sensitive triggering is program selectable by using the IRQE bit of the
OPTION register. IRQ is always configured to level-sensitive triggering at reset.
While the programmable read-only memory (PROM) is being programmed, this pin
provides the chip enable (CE) signal. To prevent accidental programming of the
PROM during reset, an external resistor is required on IRQ to pull the pin to VDD.
1.10 Non-Maskable Interrupt/Programming Voltage (XIRQ/VPP)
The XIRQ input provides the capability for asynchronously applying non-maskable
interrupts to the MCU after a power-on reset (POR). During reset, the X bit in the
condition code register (CCR) is set masking any interrupt until enabled by
software. This level-sensitive input requires an external pullup resistor to VDD.
In the programming configuration of the bootstrap mode, this pin is used to supply
one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM) programming voltage, VPP,
to the MCU. To avoid programming accidents during reset, this pin should be equal
to VDD during normal operation unless XIRQ is active.
1.11 MODA and MODB (MODA/LIR and MODB/VSTBY)
As reset transitions, these pins are used to latch the part into one of the four central
processor unit (CPU) controlled modes of operation. The LIR output can be used
as an aid to debugging once reset is completed. The open-drain LIR pin goes to an
active low during the first E-clock cycle of each instruction and remains low for the
duration of that cycle. The VSTBY input is used to retain random-access memory
(RAM) contents during power down.
Data Sheet
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General Description
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General Description
Read/Write (R/W)
1.12 Read/Write (R/W)
This pin performs either of two separate functions, depending on the operating
mode.
•
In single-chip and bootstrap modes, R/W functions as input/output port D
bit 7. Refer to Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports for further information.
•
In expanded multiplexed and test modes, R/W performs a read/write
function. R/W controls the direction of transfers on the external data bus.
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1.13 Port D Bit 6/Address Strobe (PD6/AS)
This pin performs either of two separate functions, depending on the operating
mode.
•
In single-chip and bootstrap modes, the pin functions as input/output port D
bit 6.
•
In the expanded multiplexed and test modes, it provides an address strobe
(AS) function. AS is used to demultiplex the address and data signals at
port C.
Refer to Section 2. Operating Modes and Memory for further information.
1.14 Input/Output Lines (PA7–PA0, PB7–PB0, PC7–PC0, and PD7–PD0)
In the 44-pin PLCC package, 32 input/output lines are arranged into four 8-bit
ports: A, B, C, and D. The lines of ports B, C, and D are fully bidirectional. Port A
has two bidirectional, three input-only, and three output-only lines in the 44-pin
PLCC packaging. In the 40-pin DIP, two of the output-only lines are not bonded.
Each of these four ports serves a purpose other than input/output (I/O), depending
on the operating mode or peripheral functions selected.
NOTE:
Ports B, C, and two bits of port D are available for I/O functions only in single-chip
and bootstrap modes.
Refer to Table 1-1 for details about the functions of the 32 port signals within
different operating modes.
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General Description
Table 1-1. Port Signal Functions
Port/Bit
Single-Chip
and Bootstrap Mode
PA0
PA0/IC3
PA1
PA1/IC2
PA2
PA2/IC1
PA3
PA3/OC5/IC4/and-or OC1
(1)
PA4/OC4/and-or OC1
PA4
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Expanded Multiplexed
and Special Test Mode
PA5
PA5/OC3/and-or OC1
PA6(1)
PA6/OC2/and-or OC1
PA7
PA7/PAI/and-or OC1
PB0
PB0
A8
PB1
PB1
A9
PB2
PB2
A10
PB3
PB3
A11
PB4
PB4
A12
PB5
PB5
A13
PB6
PB6
A14
PB7
PB7
A15
PC0
PC0
A0/D0
PC1
PC1
A1/D1
PC2
PC2
A2/D2
PC3
PC3
A3/D3
PC4
PC4
A4/D4
PC5
PC5
A5/D5
PC6
PC6
A6/D6
PC7
PC7
A7/D7
PD0
PD0/RxD
PD1
PD1/TxD
PD2
PD2/MISO
PD3
PD3/MOSI
PD4
PD4/SCK
PD5
PD5/SS
PD6
PD6
AS
PD7
PD7
R/W
1. In the 40-pin package, pins PA4 and PA6 are not bonded. Their associated I/O and output
compare functions are not available externally. They can still be used as internal software
timers, however.
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
General Description
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 2. Operating Modes and Memory
2.1 Introduction
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
This section contains information about:
•
The modes that define MC68HC711D3 operating conditions
•
The on-chip memory that allows the microcontroller unit (MCU) to be
configured for various applications
•
The 4-Kbytes of programmable read-only memory (PROM)
2.2 Operating Modes
The MC68HC711D3 uses two dedicated pins, MODA and MODB, to select one of
two normal operating modes or one of two special operating modes. A value
reflecting the microcontroller unit (MCU) status or mode selected is latched on bits
SMOD and MDA of the highest priority I-bit interrupt and miscellaneous register
(HPRIO) on the rising edge of reset. The normal operating modes are the
single-chip and expanded-multiplexed modes. The special operating modes are
the bootstrap and test modes. Table 2-1 shows mode selection according to the
values encoded on the MODA and MODB pins, and the value latched in the SMOD
and MDA bits.
Table 2-1. Mode Selection
RESET
MODA
MODB
1
0
1
1
1
1
Mode Selected
SMOD
MDA
Normal — single chip
0
0
1
Normal — expanded multiplexed
0
1
0
0
Special — bootstrap (BOOT)
1
0
1
1
0
Special — test
1
1
0
0
0
Reserved
X
X
2.2.1 Single-Chip Mode
In single-chip mode, the MCU functions as a self-contained microcontroller and has
no external address or data bus. The 4-Kbyte erasable programmable read-only
memory (EPROM) would contain all program code and is located at
$F000–$FFFF. This mode provides maximum use of the pins for on-chip peripheral
functions, and all the address and data activity occurs within the MCU.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Operating Modes and Memory
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Operating Modes and Memory
2.2.2 Expanded Multiplexed Mode
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In the expanded-multiplexed mode, the MCU can address up to 64 Kbytes of
address space. High-order address bits are output on the port B pins. Low-order
address bits and the bidirectional data bus are multiplexed on port C. The AS pin
provides the control output used in demultiplexing the low-order address. The R/W
pin is used to control the direction of data transfer on the port C bus.
If this mode is entered out of reset, the EPROM is located at $7000–$7FFF and
vector accesses are from external memory. To be in expanded-multiplexed mode
with EPROM located at $F000–$FFFF, it is necessary to start in single-chip mode,
executing out of EPROM, and then set the MDA bit of the HPRIO register to switch
mode.
NOTE:
R/W, AS, and the high-order address bus (port B) are inputs in single-chip mode.
These inputs may need to be pulled up so that off-chip accesses cannot occur
while the MCU is in single-chip mode.
2.2.3 Special Bootstrap Mode (BOOT)
This special mode is similar to single-chip mode. The resident bootloader program
contains a 256-byte program in a special on-chip read-only memory (ROM). The
user downloads a small program into on-board RAM using the SCI port. Program
control is passed to RAM when an idle line of at least four characters occurs. In this
mode, all interrupt vectors are mapped to RAM (see Table 2-2), so that the user
can set up a jump table, if desired.
Bootstrap mode (BOOT) is entered out of reset if the voltage level on both MODA
and MODB is low. The programming aspect of bootstrap mode, used to program
the one-time programmable ROM (OTPROM) through the MCU, is entered
automatically if IRQ is low and programming voltage is available on the VPP pin.
IRQ should be pulled up while in reset with MODA and MODB configured for
bootstrap mode to prevent unintentional programming of the EPROM.
This versatile mode (BOOT) can be used for test and diagnostic functions on
completed modules and for programming the on-board PROM. The serial receive
logic is initialized by software in the bootloader ROM, which provides program
control for the SCI baud rate and word format. Mode switching to other modes can
occur under program control by writing to the SMOD and MDA bits of the HPRIO
register. Two special bootloader functions allow either an immediate jump-to-RAM
at memory address $0000 or an immediate jump-to-EPROM at $F000.
Data Sheet
22
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Operating Modes
Table 2-2. Bootstrap Mode Jump Vectors
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Address
Vector
00C4
SCI
00C7
SPI
00CA
Pulse accumulator input edge
00CD
Pulse accumulator overflow
00D0
Timer overflow
00D3
Timer output compare 5/input capture 4
00D6
Timer output compare 4
00D9
Timer output compare 3
00DC
Timer output compare 2
00DF
Timer output compare 1
00E3
Timer input capture 3
00E5
Timer input capture 2
00E8
Timer input capture 1
00EB
Real-time interrupt
00EE
IRQ
00F1
XIRQ
00F4
SWI
00F7
Illegal opcode
00FA
COP fail
00FD
Clock monitor
BF00 (Boot)
Reset
2.2.4 Special Test Mode
This special expanded mode is primarily intended or production testing. The user
can access a number of special test control bits in this mode. Reset and interrupt
vectors are fetched externally from locations $BFC0–$BFFF. A switch can be
made from this mode to other modes under program control.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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23
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
2.3 Memory Map
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure 2-1 illustrates the memory map for both normal modes of operation
(single-chip and expanded-multiplexed), as well as for both special modes of
operation (bootstrap and test).
•
In the single-chip mode, the MCU does not generate external addresses.
The internal memory locations are shown in the shaded areas, and the
contents of these shaded areas are explained on the right side of the
diagram.
•
In expanded-multiplexed mode, the memory locations are basically the
same as in the single-chip mode except that the memory locations between
shaded areas are for externally addressed memory and I/O.
•
The special bootstrap mode is similar to the single-chip mode, except that
the bootstrap program ROM is located at memory locations $BF00–$BFFF,
vectors included.
•
The special test mode is similar to the expanded-multiplexed mode except
the interrupt vectors are at external memory locations.
$0000
$0000 INTERNAL REGISTERS AND I/O
(MAY BE MAPPED TO ANY 4-K BOUNDARY
$003F USING INIT REGISTER)
$0040 192 BYTES STATIC RAM
(MAY BE MAPPED TO ANY 4-K BOUNDARY
$00FF USING THE INIT REGISTER)
$1000
$2000
$3000
$4000
$5000
$7000 4 KBYTES PROM (ROM)
PRESENT AT RESET AND MAY BE DISABLED BY
$7FFF EPON (ROM ON) BIT IN CONFIG REGISTER.
INTERRUPT VECTORS ARE EXTERNAL.
$6000
$7000
$8000
EXTERNAL
$9000
EXTERNAL
$A000
$B000
$C000
$BF00
$D000
256-BYTES
BOOT ROM
$BFC0
4-KBYTES
PROM (ROM)
$BFC0
$BFFF
$E000
$F000
$BF00
$FFFF
SINGLE
CHIP
EXPANDED
SPECIAL
MULTIPLEXED BOOTSTRAP
MODB
MODA
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
SPECIAL
TEST
$BFFF
SPECIAL MODES
INTERRUPT
$BFFF VECTORS
NORMAL MODES
INTERRUPT
$BFFF VECTORS
Mode Selected
Single-chip (mode 0)
Expanded multiplexed (mode 1)
Special bootstrap
Special test
Figure 2-1. MC68HC711D3 Memory Map
Data Sheet
24
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Memory Map
2.3.1 Control and Status Registers
Figure 2-2 is a representation of all 64 bytes of control and status registers, I/O and
data registers, and reserved locations that make up the internal register block. This
block may be mapped to any 4-K boundary in memory, but reset locates it at
$0000–$003F. This mappability factor and the default starting addresses are
indicated by the use of a bold 0 as the starting character of a register’s address.
Addr.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$0000
Register Name
Port A Data Register Read:
(PORTA) Write:
See page 68. Reset:
$0001
$0002
$0003
$0004
Reserved
Port C Control Register Read:
(PIOC) Write:
See page 70. Reset:
Port C Data Register Read:
(PORTC) Write:
See page 70. Reset:
Port B Data Register Read:
(PORTB) Write:
See page 69. Reset:
$0005
$0006
$0007
Reserved
Data Direction Register Read:
for Port B (DDRB) Write:
See page 69. Reset:
Data Direction Register Read:
for Port C (DDRC) Write:
See page 71. Reset:
$0008
Port D Data Register Read:
(PORTD) Write:
See page 71. Reset:
$0009
Data Direction Register Read:
for Port D (DDRD) Write:
See page 72. Reset:
$000A
Reserved
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
Hi-Z
0
0
0
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
0
0
CWOM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PC7
PC6
PC5
PC4
PC3
PC2
PC1
PC0
BP1
PB0
Reset configures pins as Hi-Z inputs
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PB3
BP2
Reset configures pins as Hi-Z inputs
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
DDB7
DDB6
DDB5
DDB4
DDB3
DDB2
DDB1
DDB0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DDC7
DDC6
DDC5
DDC4
DDC3
DDC2
DDC1
DDC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PD7
PD6
PD5
PD4
PD3
PD2
PD1
PD0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DDD7
DDD6
DDD5
DDD4
DDD3
DDD2
DDD1
DDD0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
= Unimplemented
R
= Reserved
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-2. Register and Control Bit Assignments (Sheet 1 of 5)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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25
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Addr.
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
FOC1
FOC2
FOC3
FOC4
FOC5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
OC1M7
OC1M6
OC1M5
OC1M4
OC1M3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
OC1D7
OC1D6
OC1D5
OC1D4
OC1D3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Timer Input Capture Register 1 Read:
High (TIC1) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Timer Input Capture Register 1 Read:
Low (TIC1) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Bit 7
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
$0012
Timer Input Capture Register 2 Read:
High (TIC2) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$0013
Timer Input Capture Register 2 Read:
Low (TIC2) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Timer Input Capture Register 3 Read:
High (TIC3) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Bit 15
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Timer Input Capture Register 3 Read:
Low (TIC3) Write:
See page 100. Reset:
Bit 7
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
$000B
$000C
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$000D
Register Name
Timer Compare Force Register Read:
(CFORC) Write:
See page 104. Reset:
Output Compare 1 Mask Register Read:
(OC1M) Write:
See page 105. Reset:
Output Compare 1 Data Register Read:
(OC1D) Write:
See page 105. Reset:
$000E
Timer Counter Register High Read:
(TCNT) Write:
See page 106. Reset:
$000F
Timer Counter Register Low Read:
(TCNT) Write:
See page 106. Reset:
$0010
$0011
$0014
$0015
$0016
Timer Output Compare Register 1 Read:
High (TOC1) Write:
See page 103. Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Unaffected by reset
Bit 12
Bit 11
Unaffected by reset
Bit 4
Bit 3
Unaffected by reset
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Unaffected by reset
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Unaffected by reset
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
= Unimplemented
R
= Reserved
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-2. Register and Control Bit Assignments (Sheet 2 of 5)
Data Sheet
26
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Memory Map
Addr.
$0017
$0018
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$0019
$001A
$001B
$001C
$001D
$001E
$001F
Register Name
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Timer Input Capture 4/ Read:
Output Compare 5 Register High Write:
(TI4/O5)
See page 101. Reset:
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Timer Input Capture 4/ Read:
Output Compare 5 Register Low Write:
(TI4/O5)
See page 101. Reset:
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
OM2
OL2
OM3
OL3
OM4
OL4
OM5
OL5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
EDG4B
EDG4A
EDG1B
EDG1A
EDG2B
EDG2A
EDG3B
EDG3A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
R
Timer Output Compare Register 1 Read:
Low (TOC1) Write:
See page 103. Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 2 Read:
High (TOC2) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 2 Read:
Low (TOC2) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 3 Read:
High (TOC3) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 3 Read:
Low (TOC3) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 4 Read:
High (TOC4) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
Timer Output Compare Register 4 Read:
Low (TOC4) Write:
See page 103.
Reset:
$0020
$0021
Timer Control 1 Register Read:
(TCTL1) Write:
See page 106. Reset:
Timer Control Register 2 Read:
(TCTL2) Write:
See page 99. Reset:
= Reserved
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-2. Register and Control Bit Assignments (Sheet 3 of 5)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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27
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Addr.
$0022
Register Name
Timer Interrupt Mask 1 Register Read:
(TMSK1) Write:
See page 107. Reset:
Timer Interrupt Flag 1 Register Read:
(TFLG1) Write:
See page 108. Reset:
$0023
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$0024
Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register Read:
(TMSK2) Write:
See page 108. Reset:
$0025
Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register Read:
(TFLG2) Write:
See page 109. Reset:
$0026
Pulse Accumulator Control Read:
Register (PACTL) Write:
See pages 112 and 114. Reset:
$0027
Pulse Accumulator Count Register Read:
(PACNT) Write:
See page 115. Reset:
$0028
SPI Control Register Read:
(SPCR) Write:
See page 92. Reset:
$0029
SPI Status Register Read:
(SPSR) Write:
See page 93. Reset:
$002A
SPI Data I/O Register Read:
(SPDR) Write:
See page 94. Reset:
$002B
$002C
$002D
Baud Rate Register Read:
(BAUD) Write:
See page 81. Reset:
SCI Control Register 1 Read:
(SCCR1) Write:
See page 78. Reset:
SCI Control Register 2 Read:
(SCCR2) Write:
See page 79. Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OC1I
OC2I
OC3I
OC4I
I4/O5I
IC1I
IC2I
IC3I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
OC1F
OC2F
OC3F
OC4F
I4/O5F
IC1F
IC2F
IC3F
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOI
RTII
PAOVI
PAII
0
0
PR1
PR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
TOF
RTIF
PAOVF
PAIF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DDRA7
PAEN
PAMOD
PEDGE
DDRA3
I4/O5
RTR1
RTR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Unaffected by reset
SPIE
SPE
DWOM
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
0
0
0
0
0
1
U
U
SPIF
WCOL
0
MODF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Unaffected by reset
TCLR
0
SCP1
SCP0
RCKB
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
U
R8
T8
0
M
WAKE
0
0
0
U
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU
SBK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
= Unimplemented
R
= Reserved
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-2. Register and Control Bit Assignments (Sheet 4 of 5)
Data Sheet
28
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
Memory Map
Addr.
Register Name
SCI Status Register Read:
(SCSR) Write:
See page 80.
Reset:
$002E
SCI Data Register Read:
(SCDR) Write:
See page 78. Reset:
$002F
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$0030
↓
$0038
$0039
$003A
Reserved
System Configuration Options Read:
Register (OPTION) Write:
See page 53. Reset:
Arm/Reset COP Timer Circuitry Read:
Register (COPRST) Write:
See page 52. Reset:
$003B
PROM Programming Control Read:
Register (PPROG) Write:
See page 33. Reset:
$003C
Highest Priority I-Bit Interrupt and Read:
Miscellaneous Register (HPRIO) Write:
See page 63. Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TDRE
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
NF
FE
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R7/T7
R6/T6
R5/T5
R4/T4
R3/T3
R2/T2
R1/T1
R0/T0
Unaffected by reset
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
0
0
IRQE
DLY
CME
0
CR1
CR0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MBE
0
ELAT
EXCOL
EXROW
0
0
PGM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MDA
IRVNE
PSEL3
PSEL2
PSEL1
PSEL0
0
1
0
1
0
RBOOT
SMOD
Note 1
1. The values of the RBOOT, SMOD, IRVNE, and MDA bits at reset depend
on the mode during initialization. Refer to Table 4-3. Hardware Mode
Select Summary.
$003D
RAM and I/O Mapping Register Read:
(INIT) Write:
See page 30. Reset:
Read:
Test 1 Register
Write:
(TEST)
Reset:
$003E
$003F
System Configuration Register Read:
(CONFIG) Write:
See page 31. Reset:
RAM3
RAM2
RAM1
RAM0
REG3
REG2
REG1
REG0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
TILOP
0
OCC4
CBYP
DISR
FCM
FCOP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NOCOP
ROMON
0
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
0
= Unimplemented
R
= Reserved
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-2. Register and Control Bit Assignments (Sheet 5 of 5)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Operating Modes and Memory
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Operating Modes and Memory
2.3.2 RAM and I/O Mapping Register
The random-access memory (RAM) and input/output (I/O) mapping register (INIT)
is a special-purpose 8-bit register that is used during initialization to change the
default locations of RAM and control registers within the MCU memory map. It can
be written to only once within the first 64 E-clock cycles after a reset in normal
modes. Thereafter, it becomes a read-only register.
Address:
Read:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Write:
Reset:
$003D
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
RAM3
RAM2
RAM1
RAM0
REG3
REG2
REG1
REG0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 2-3. RAM and I/O Mapping Register (INIT)
RAM2–RAM0 (INIT bits 7–4) specify the starting address for the 192 bytes of static
RAM. REG3–REG0 (INIT bits 3–0) specify the starting address for the control and
status register block. In each case, the four RAM or REG bits become the four
upper bits of the 16-bit address of the RAM or register. Since the INIT register is
set to $00 by reset, the internal registers begin at $0000 and RAM begins at $0040.
Throughout this document, control and status register addresses are displayed
with the high-order digit shown as a bold 0. This convention indicates that the
register block may be relocated to any 4-K memory page, but that its default
location is $0000.
RAM and the control and status registers can be relocated independently. If the
control and status registers are relocated in such a way as to conflict with PROM,
then the register block takes priority, and the EPROM or OTPROM at those
locations becomes inaccessible. No harmful conflicts result. Lower priority
resources simply become inaccessible. Similarly, if an internal resource conflicts
with an external device, no harmful conflict results, since data from the external
device is not applied to the internal data bus. Thus, it cannot interfere with the
internal read.
NOTE:
There are unused register locations in the 64-byte control and status register block.
Reads of these unused registers return data from the undriven internal data bus,
not from another source that happens to be located at the same address.
2.3.3 Configuration Control Register
The configuration control register (CONFIG) controls the presence of OTPROM or
EPROM in the memory map and enables the computer operating properly (COP)
watchdog system.
This register is writable only once in expanded and single-chip modes (SMOD = 0).
In these mode, the COP watchdog timer is enabled out of reset. In all modes,
except normal expanded, EPROM is enabled and located at $F000–$FFFF. In
Data Sheet
30
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
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Operating Modes and Memory
Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)
normal expanded mode, EPROM is enabled and located at $7000–$7FFF. Should
the user wish to be in expanded mode, but with EPROM mapped at $F000–$FFFF,
he must reset in single-chip mode, and write a 1 to the MDA bit in the HPRIO
register.
Address: $003F
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
NOCOP
ROMON
0
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
U = Unaffected
Figure 2-4. Configuration Control Register (CONFIG)
Bits 7–3 and 0 — Not implemented
Always read 0.
NOCOP — Computer Operating Properly System Disable Bit
This bit is cleared out of reset in normal modes (single chip and expanded),
enabling the COP system. It is writable only once after reset in these modes
(SMOD = 0). In the special modes (test and bootstrap) (SMOD = 1), this bit
comes out of reset set, and is writable any time.
1 = COP system is disabled.
0 = COP system is enabled, reset forced on timeout.
ROMON — PROM Enable Bit
This bit is set out of reset, enabling the EPROM or OTPROM in all modes. This
bit is writable once in normal modes (SMOD = 0), but is writable at any time in
special modes (SMOD = 1).
1 = PROM is present in the memory map.
0 = PROM is disabled from the memory map.
NOTE:
In expanded mode out of reset, the EPROM or OTPROM is located at
$7000–$7FFF. In all other modes, the PROM resides at $F000–$FFFF.
2.4 Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)
The MC68HC711D3 has 4-Kbytes of one-time programmable read-only memory
(OTPROM). The PROM address is $F000–$FFFF in all modes except expanded
multiplexed. In expanded- multiplexed mode, the PROM is located at
$7000–$7FFF after reset.
The on-chip read-only memory (ROM) of an MC68HC711D3 is programmed in
MCU mode. In this mode, the PROM is programmed through the MCU in the
bootstrap or test modes. The erased state of a PROM byte is $FF.
Using the on-chip OTPROM programming feature requires an external 12-volt
nominal power supply (VPP). Normal programming is accomplished using the
OTPROM programming register (PPROG).
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Operating Modes and Memory
As described in the following subsections, these two methods of programming and
verifying EPROM are possible:
1. Programming an individual EPROM address
2. Programming the EPROM with downloaded data
2.4.1 Programming an Individual EPROM Address
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In this method, the MCU programs its own EPROM by controlling the PPROG
register. Use these procedures to program the EPROM through the MCU with:
•
The ROMON bit set in the CONFIG register
•
The 12-volt nominal programming voltage present on the XIRQ/VPP pin
•
The IRQ pin must be pulled high.
EPROG
LDAB
STAB
#$20
$003B
STAA
LDAB
STAB
$0,X
#$21
$003B
JSR
CLR
DLYEP
$003B
Set ELAT bit (PGM = 0) to enable
EPROM latches.
Store data to EPROM address
Set PGM bit with ELAT = 1 to enable
EPROM programming voltage
Delay 2–4 ms
Turn off programming voltage and set
to READ mode
2.4.2 Programming the EPROM with Downloaded Data
When using this method, the EPROM is programmed by software while in the
special test or bootstrap modes. User-developed software can be uploaded
through the SCI or a ROM-resident EPROM programming utility can be used. The
12-volt nominal programming voltage must be present on the XIRQ/VPP pin. To
use the resident utility, bootload a 3-byte program consisting of a single jump
instruction to $BF00. $BF00 is the starting address of a resident EPROM
programming utility. The utility program sets the X and Y index registers to default
values, then receives programming data from an external host, and puts it in
EPROM. The value in IX determines programming delay time. The value in IY is a
pointer to the first address in EPROM to be programmed (default = $F000).
When the utility program is ready to receive programming data, it sends the host
the $FF character. Then it waits. When the host sees the $FF character, the
EPROM programming data is sent, starting with the first location in the EPROM
array. After the last byte to be programmed is sent and the corresponding
verification data is returned, the programming operation is terminated by resetting
the MCU.
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
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Operating Modes and Memory
Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM)
2.4.3 PROM Programming Control Register
The PROM programming control register (PPROG) is used to control the
programming of the OTPROM or EPROM. PPROG is cleared on reset so that the
PROM is configured for normal read.
Address: $003B
Read:
Write:
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
MBE
0
ELAT
EXCOL
EXROW
0
0
PGM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 2-5. PROM Programming Control Register (PPROG)
MBE — Multiple Byte Program Enable Bit
This bit is reserved for testing.
Bit 6, 2, and 1 — Not implemented
Always read 0.
ELAT — EPROM (OTPROM) Latch Control Bit
1 = PROM address and data bus are configured for programming. Writes to
PROM cause address and data to be latched. The PROM cannot be
read.
0 = PROM address and data bus are configured for normal reads. PROM
cannot be programmed.
EXCOL — Select Extra Columns Bit
This bit is reserved for testing.
EXROW — Select Extra Row Bit
This bit is reserved for testing.
PGM — EPROM (OTPROM) Program Command Bit
This bit may be written only when ELAT = 1.
1 = Programming power is switched on to PROM array.
0 = Programming power is switched off.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Operating Modes and Memory
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Operating Modes and Memory
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 3. Central Processor Unit (CPU)
3.1 Introduction
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This section presents information on M68HC11 central processor unit (CPU):
•
Architecture
•
Data types
•
Addressing modes
•
Instruction set
•
Special operations such as subroutine calls and interrupts
The CPU is designed to treat all peripheral, input/output (I/O), and memory
locations identically as addresses in the 64-Kbyte memory map. This is referred to
as memory-mapped I/O. I/O has no instructions separate from those used by
memory. This architecture also allows accessing an operand from an external
memory location with no execution time penalty.
3.2 CPU Registers
M68HC11 CPU registers are an integral part of the CPU and are not addressed as
if they were memory locations. The seven registers, discussed in the following
paragraphs, are shown in Figure 3-1.
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Central Processor Unit (CPU)
7
15
ACCUMULATOR A
0 7
ACCUMULATOR B
DOUBLE ACCUMULATOR D
0
0
A:B
D
15
INDEX REGISTER X
0
IX
15
INDEX REGISTER Y
0
IY
15
STACK POINTER
0
SP
0
0
PC
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
15
PROGRAM COUNTER
7
CONDITION CODE REGISTER
S X H
I
N
Z
V
C
CCR
CARRY
OVERFLOW
ZERO
NEGATIVE
I INTERRUPT MASK
HALF CARRY (FROM BIT 3)
X INTERRUPT MASK
STOP DISABLE
Figure 3-1. Programming Model
3.2.1 Accumulators A, B, and D
Accumulators A and B are general-purpose 8-bit registers that hold operands and
results of arithmetic calculations or data manipulations. For some instructions,
these two accumulators are treated as a single double-byte (16-bit) accumulator
called accumulator D. Although most instructions can use accumulators A or B
interchangeably, these exceptions apply:
•
The ABX and ABY instructions add the contents of 8-bit accumulator B to
the contents of 16-bit register X or Y, but there are no equivalent instructions
that use A instead of B.
•
The TAP and TPA instructions transfer data from accumulator A to the
condition code register or from the condition code register to accumulator A.
However, there are no equivalent instructions that use B rather than A.
•
The decimal adjust accumulator A (DAA) instruction is used after
binary-coded decimal (BCD) arithmetic operations, but there is no
equivalent BCD instruction to adjust accumulator B.
•
The add, subtract, and compare instructions associated with both A and B
(ABA, SBA, and CBA) only operate in one direction, making it important to
plan ahead to ensure that the correct operand is in the correct accumulator.
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
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Central Processor Unit (CPU)
CPU Registers
3.2.2 Index Register X (IX)
The IX register provides a 16-bit indexing value that can be added to the 8-bit offset
provided in an instruction to create an effective address. The IX register can also
be used as a counter or as a temporary storage register.
3.2.3 Index Register Y (IY)
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The 16-bit IY register performs an indexed mode function similar to that of the IX
register. However, most instructions using the IY register require an extra byte of
machine code and an extra cycle of execution time because of the way the opcode
map is implemented. Refer to 3.4 Opcodes and Operands for further information.
3.2.4 Stack Pointer (SP)
The M68HC11 CPU has an automatic program stack. This stack can be located
anywhere in the address space and can be any size up to the amount of memory
available in the system. Normally, the SP is initialized by one of the first instructions
in an application program. The stack is configured as a data structure that grows
downward from high memory to low memory. Each time a new byte is pushed onto
the stack, the SP is decremented. Each time a byte is pulled from the stack, the SP
is incremented. At any given time, the SP holds the 16-bit address of the next free
location in the stack. Figure 3-2 is a summary of SP operations.
When a subroutine is called by a jump-to-subroutine (JSR) or branch-tosubroutine (BSR) instruction, the address of the instruction after the JSR or BSR is
automatically pushed onto the stack, least significant byte first. When the
subroutine is finished, a return-from-subroutine (RTS) instruction is executed. The
RTS pulls the previously stacked return address from the stack and loads it into the
program counter. Execution then continues at this recovered return address.
When an interrupt is recognized, the current instruction finishes normally, the
return address (the current value in the program counter) is pushed onto the stack,
all of the CPU registers are pushed onto the stack, and execution continues at the
address specified by the vector for the interrupt.
At the end of the interrupt service routine, a return-from interrupt (RTI) instruction
is executed. The RTI instruction causes the saved registers to be pulled off the
stack in reverse order. Program execution resumes at the return address.
Certain instructions push and pull the A and B accumulators and the X and Y index
registers and are often used to preserve program context. For example, pushing
accumulator A onto the stack when entering a subroutine that uses accumulator A
and then pulling accumulator A off the stack just before leaving the subroutine
ensures that the contents of a register will be the same after returning from the
subroutine as it was before starting the subroutine.
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Central Processor Unit (CPU)
JSR, JUMP TO SUBROUTINE
MAIN PROGRAM
$9D = JSR
PC
DIRECT
RTN
PC
INDXD,X
dd
SP+1
CONDITION CODE
SP+2
ACMLTR B
MAIN PROGRAM
$AD = JSR
SP+3
RTN
NEXT MAIN INSTR
PC
MAIN PROGRAM
$18 = PRE
$AD = JSR
ACMLTR A
SP+4 INDEX REGISTER (XH)
SP+5 INDEX REGISTER (XL)
STACK
SP+6 INDEX REGISTER (YH)
SP-2
SP-1
RTNL
SP+7 INDEX REGISTER (YL)
RTNL
SP+8
SP
RTNH
SP+9
PC
NEXT MAIN INSTR
PC
MAIN PROGRAM
$BD = JSR
MAIN PROGRAM
$6E = JMP
ff
INDXD,X
hh
EXTEND
RTNH
JMP, JUMP
ff
RTN
STACK
SP
NEXT MAIN INSTR
ff
INDXD,Y
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RTI, RETURN FROM INTERRUPT
INTERRUPT PROGRAM
$3B = RTI
PC
ll
RTN
X + ff
NEXT MAIN INSTR
PC
BSR, BRANCH TO SUBROUTINE
MAIN PROGRAM
PC
$8D = BSR
rr
RTN
NEXT MAIN INSTR
RTS, RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE
SUBROUTINE
PC
$39 = RTS
$3F = SWI
RTN
SP-2
SP-1
RTNL
SP
RTNH
RTN
$3E = WAI
ff
X + ff
PC
STACK
NEXT INSTRUCTION
MAIN PROGRAM
$7E = JMP
hh
SP
SP+1
RTNL
SP+2
RTNH
ll
EXTND
hh ll
NEXT INSTRUCTION
STACK
LEGEND:
SP-9
SP-8
CONDITION CODE
SP-7
ACMLTR B
ACMLTR A
SP-5 INDEX REGISTER (XH)
PC
$6E = JMP
INDXD,Y
SP-6
WAI, WAIT FOR INTERRUPT
MAIN PROGRAM
MAIN PROGRAM
$18 = PRE
STACK
SWI, SOFTWARE INTERRUPT
MAIN PROGRAM
PC
NEXT INSTRUCTION
SP-4 INDEX REGISTER (XL)
SP-3 INDEX REGISTER (YH)
SP-2 INDEX REGISTER (YL)
RTNL
SP-1
SP
RTNH
RTN Address of next instruction in main program to be
executed upon return from subroutine
RTNH Most significant byte of return address
RTNL Least significant byte of return address
Shaded cells show stack pointer position after
operation is complete.
dd 8-bit direct address ($0000–$00FF) (high byte
assumed to be $00).
ff 8-bit positive offset $00 (0) to $FF (256) is added
to index.
hh High-order byte of 16-bit extended address.
ll Low-order byte of 16-bit extended address.
rr Signed-relative offset $80 (–128) to $7F (+127)
(offset relative to the address following the
machine code offset byte).
Figure 3-2. Stacking Operations
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
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Central Processor Unit (CPU)
CPU Registers
3.2.5 Program Counter (PC)
The program counter, a 16-bit register, contains the address of the next instruction
to be executed. After reset, the program counter is initialized from one of six
possible vectors, depending on operating mode and the cause of reset.
See Table 3-1.
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Table 3-1. Reset Vector Comparison
Mode
POR or RESET Pin
Clock Monitor
COP Watchdog
Normal
$FFFE, $FFFF
$FFFC, $FFFD
$FFFA, $FFFB
Test or boot
$BFFE, $BFFF
$BFFC, $FFFD
$BFFA, $FFFB
3.2.6 Condition Code Register (CCR)
This 8-bit register contains:
•
Five condition code indicators (C, V, Z, N, and H)
•
Two interrupt masking bits (IRQ and XIRQ)
•
One stop disable bit (S)
In the M68HC11 CPU, condition codes are updated automatically by most
instructions. For example, load accumulator A (LDAA) and store accumulator A
(STAA) instructions automatically set or clear the N, Z, and V condition code flags.
Pushes, pulls, add B to X (ABX), add B to Y (ABY), and transfer/exchange
instructions do not affect the condition codes. Refer to Table 3-2, which shows
what condition codes are affected by a particular instruction.
3.2.6.1 Carry/Borrow (C)
The C bit is set if the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs a carry or borrow during
an arithmetic operation. The C bit also acts as an error flag for multiply and divide
operations. Shift and rotate instructions operate with and through the carry bit to
facilitate multiple-word shift operations.
3.2.6.2 Overflow (V)
The overflow bit is set if an operation causes an arithmetic overflow. Otherwise, the
V bit is cleared.
3.2.6.3 Zero (Z)
The Z bit is set if the result of an arithmetic, logic, or data manipulation operation
is 0. Otherwise, the Z bit is cleared. Compare instructions do an internal implied
subtraction and the condition codes, including Z, reflect the results of that
subtraction. A few operations (INX, DEX, INY, and DEY) affect the Z bit and no
other condition flags. For these operations, only = and ≠ conditions can be
determined.
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3.2.6.4 Negative (N)
The N bit is set if the result of an arithmetic, logic, or data manipulation operation
is negative (MSB = 1). Otherwise, the N bit is cleared. A result is said to be negative
if its most significant bit (MSB) is a 1. A quick way to test whether the contents of a
memory location has the MSB set is to load it into an accumulator and then check
the status of the N bit.
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3.2.6.5 I-Interrupt Mask (I)
The interrupt request (IRQ) mask (I bit) is a global mask that disables all maskable
interrupt sources. While the I bit is set, interrupts can become pending, but the
operation of the CPU continues uninterrupted until the I bit is cleared. After any
reset, the I bit is set by default and can be cleared only by a software instruction.
When an interrupt is recognized, the I bit is set after the registers are stacked, but
before the interrupt vector is fetched. After the interrupt has been serviced, a
return-from-interrupt instruction is normally executed, restoring the registers to the
values that were present before the interrupt occurred. Normally, the I bit is 0 after
a return from interrupt is executed. Although the I bit can be cleared within an
interrupt service routine, "nesting" interrupts in this way should be done only when
there is a clear understanding of latency and of the arbitration mechanism. Refer
to Section 4. Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes.
3.2.6.6 Half Carry (H)
The H bit is set when a carry occurs between bits 3 and 4 of the arithmetic logic
unit during an ADD, ABA, or ADC instruction. Otherwise, the H bit is cleared. Half
carry is used during BCD operations.
3.2.6.7 X-Interrupt Mask (X)
The XIRQ mask (X) bit disables interrupts from the XIRQ pin. After any reset, X is
set by default and must be cleared by a software instruction. When an XIRQ
interrupt is recognized, the X and I bits are set after the registers are stacked, but
before the interrupt vector is fetched. After the interrupt has been serviced, an RTI
instruction is normally executed, causing the registers to be restored to the values
that were present before the interrupt occurred. The X interrupt mask bit is set only
by hardware (RESET or XIRQ acknowledge). X is cleared only by program
instruction (TAP, where the associated bit of A is 0; or RTI, where bit 6 of the value
loaded into the CCR from the stack has been cleared). There is no hardware action
for clearing X.
3.2.6.8 STOP Disable (S)
Setting the STOP disable (S) bit prevents the STOP instruction from putting the
M68HC11 into a low-power stop condition. If the STOP instruction is encountered
by the CPU while the S bit is set, it is treated as a no-operation (NOP) instruction,
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Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Data Types
and processing continues to the next instruction. S is set by reset; STOP is
disabled by default.
3.3 Data Types
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The M68HC11 CPU supports four data types:
1. Bit data
2. 8-bit and 16-bit signed and unsigned integers
3. 16-bit unsigned fractions
4. 16-bit addresses
A byte is eight bits wide and can be accessed at any byte location. A word is
composed of two consecutive bytes with the most significant byte at the lower
value address. Because the M68HC11 is an 8-bit CPU, there are no special
requirements for alignment of instructions or operands.
3.4 Opcodes and Operands
The M68HC11 Family of microcontrollers uses 8-bit opcodes. Each opcode
identifies a particular instruction and associated addressing mode to the CPU.
Several opcodes are required to provide each instruction with a range of
addressing capabilities. Only 256 opcodes would be available if the range of values
were restricted to the number able to be expressed in 8-bit binary numbers.
A 4-page opcode map has been implemented to expand the number of
instructions. An additional byte, called a prebyte, directs the processor from page 0
of the opcode map to one of the other three pages. As its name implies, the
additional byte precedes the opcode.
A complete instruction consists of a prebyte, if any, an opcode, and zero, one, two,
or three operands. The operands contain information the CPU needs for executing
the instruction. Complete instructions can be from one to five bytes long.
3.5 Addressing Modes
Six addressing modes can be used to access memory:
1. Immediate
2. Direct
3. Extended
4. Indexed
5. Inherent
6. Relative
These modes are detailed in the following paragraphs. All modes except inherent
mode use an effective address. The effective address is the memory address from
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which the argument is fetched or stored or the address from which execution is to
proceed. The effective address can be specified within an instruction, or it can be
calculated.
3.5.1 Immediate
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In the immediate addressing mode, an argument is contained in the byte(s)
immediately following the opcode. The number of bytes following the opcode
matches the size of the register or memory location being operated on. There are
2-, 3-, and 4- (if prebyte is required) byte immediate instructions. The effective
address is the address of the byte following the instruction.
3.5.2 Direct
In the direct addressing mode, the low-order byte of the operand address is
contained in a single byte following the opcode, and the high-order byte of the
address is assumed to be $00. Addresses $00–$FF are thus accessed directly,
using 2-byte instructions. Execution time is reduced by eliminating the additional
memory access required for the high-order address byte. In most applications, this
256-byte area is reserved for frequently referenced data. In M68HC11 MCUs, the
memory map can be configured for combinations of internal registers, RAM, or
external memory to occupy these addresses.
3.5.3 Extended
In the extended addressing mode, the effective address of the argument is
contained in two bytes following the opcode byte. These are 3-byte instructions (or
4-byte instructions if a prebyte is required). One or two bytes are needed for the
opcode and two for the effective address.
3.5.4 Indexed
In the indexed addressing mode, an 8-bit unsigned offset contained in the
instruction is added to the value contained in an index register (IX or IY). The sum
is the effective address. This addressing mode allows referencing any memory
location in the 64-Kbyte address space. These are 2- to 5-byte instructions,
depending on whether a prebyte is required.
3.5.5 Inherent
In the inherent addressing mode, all the information necessary to execute the
instruction is contained in the opcode. Operations that use only the index registers
or accumulators, as well as control instructions with no arguments, are included in
this addressing mode. These are 1- or 2-byte instructions.
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Instruction Set
3.5.6 Relative
The relative addressing mode is used only for branch instructions. If the branch
condition is true, an 8-bit signed offset included in the instruction is added to the
contents of the program counter to form the effective branch address. Otherwise,
control proceeds to the next instruction. These are usually 2-byte instructions.
3.6 Instruction Set
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Refer to Table 3-2, which shows all the M68HC11 instructions in all possible
addressing modes. For each instruction, the table shows the operand construction,
the number of machine code bytes, and execution time in CPU E-clock cycles.
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 1 of 8)
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
ABA
Add
Accumulators
ABX
ABY
ADCA (opr)
ADCB (opr)
ADDA (opr)
ADDB (opr)
ADDD (opr)
ANDA (opr)
ANDB (opr)
ASL (opr)
Addressing
Instruction
Mode
Opcode
A+B⇒A
INH
Add B to X
IX + (00 : B) ⇒ IX
INH
Add B to Y
IY + (00 : B) ⇒ IY
INH
Add with Carry
to A
A+M+C⇒A
Add with Carry
to B
B+M+C⇒B
A+M⇒A
Add Memory to
A
B+M⇒B
Add Memory to
B
Add 16-Bit to D
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
D + (M : M + 1) ⇒ D
A•M⇒A
AND A with
Memory
B•M⇒B
AND B with
Memory
Arithmetic Shift
Left
C
b7
b0
0
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
Condition Codes
Operand
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
1B
—
2
—
—
∆
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
3A
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
3A
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
∆
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
89
99
B9
A9
A9
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
∆
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
C9
D9
F9
E9
E9
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
∆
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
8B
9B
BB
AB
AB
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
∆
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
CB
DB
FB
EB
EB
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
4
5
6
6
7
—
18
C3
D3
F3
E3
E3
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
84
94
B4
A4
A4
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
C4
D4
F4
E4
E4
hh
ff
ff
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
18
78
68
68
kk
ll
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
43
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 2 of 8)
Mnemonic
Operation
ASLA
Arithmetic Shift
Left A
b7
C
ASLB
b0
b7
Instruction
Mode
Opcode
A
INH
B
Condition Codes
Operand
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
48
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
INH
58
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
INH
05
—
3
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
77
67
67
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
0
Arithmetic Shift
Left B
C
ASLD
Addressing
Description
0
b0
Arithmetic Shift
Left D
0
C b7 A b0 b7 B b0
ASR
Arithmetic Shift
Right
ASRA
Arithmetic Shift
Right A
ASRB
Arithmetic Shift
Right B
BCC (rel)
Branch if Carry
Clear
?C=0
BCLR (opr)
(msk)
Clear Bit(s)
M • (mm) ⇒ M
BCS (rel)
Branch if Carry
Set
?C=1
BEQ (rel)
Branch if = Zero
?Z=1
BGE (rel)
Branch if ∆ Zero
?N⊕V=0
BGT (rel)
Branch if > Zero
? Z + (N ⊕ V) = 0
BHI (rel)
Branch if
Higher
BHS (rel)
BITA (opr)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
b7
C
18
ll
A
INH
47
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
B
INH
57
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
REL
24
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DIR
IND,X
IND,Y
15
1D
1D
dd
ff
ff
6
7
8
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
25
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
REL
27
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
REL
2C
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
REL
2E
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
?C+Z=0
REL
22
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Branch if
Higher or Same
?C=0
REL
24
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit(s) Test A
with Memory
A•M
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
85
95
B5
A5
A5
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
C5
D5
F5
E5
E5
b7
b7
BITB (opr)
b0
hh
ff
ff
Bit(s) Test B
with Memory
b0
b0
C
C
B•M
18
REL
mm
mm
mm
BLE (rel)
Branch if ∆ Zero
? Z + (N ⊕ V) = 1
REL
2F
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BLO (rel)
Branch if Lower
?C=1
REL
25
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BLS (rel)
Branch if Lower
or Same
?C+Z=1
REL
23
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BLT (rel)
Branch if < Zero
?N⊕V=1
REL
2D
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BMI (rel)
Branch if Minus
?N=1
REL
2B
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BNE (rel)
Branch if not =
Zero
?Z=0
REL
26
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BPL (rel)
Branch if Plus
?N=0
REL
2A
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BRA (rel)
Branch Always
?1=1
REL
20
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BRCLR(opr)
(msk)
(rel)
Branch if
Bit(s) Clear
? M • mm = 0
DIR
IND,X
IND,Y
13
1F
1F
dd
rr
ff
rr
ff
rr
6
7
8
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BRN (rel)
Branch Never
?1=0
REL
18
21
mm
mm
mm
rr
Data Sheet
44
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Instruction Set
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 3 of 8)
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
BRSET(opr)
(msk)
(rel)
Branch if Bit(s)
Set
? (M) • mm = 0
Addressing
Mode
DIR
IND,X
IND,Y
Instruction
Opcode
18
Operand
dd
rr
ff
rr
ff
rr
mm
14
1C
1C
dd
ff
ff
mm
mm
mm
12
1E
1E
mm
Condition Codes
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
6
7
8
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
6
7
8
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
mm
BSET (opr)
(msk)
Set Bit(s)
M + mm ⇒ M
BSR (rel)
Branch to
Subroutine
See Figure 3-2
REL
8D
rr
6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BVC (rel)
Branch if
Overflow Clear
?V=0
REL
28
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
BVS (rel)
Branch if
Overflow Set
?V=1
REL
29
rr
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CBA
Compare A to B
A–B
INH
11
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
CLC
Clear Carry Bit
0⇒C
INH
0C
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0
CLI
Clear Interrupt
Mask
0⇒I
INH
0E
—
2
—
—
—
0
—
—
—
—
CLR (opr)
Clear Memory
Byte
0⇒M
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
7F
6F
6F
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
0
1
0
0
CLRA
Clear
Accumulator A
0⇒A
A
INH
4F
—
2
—
—
—
—
0
1
0
0
CLRB
Clear
Accumulator B
0⇒B
B
INH
5F
—
2
—
—
—
—
0
1
0
0
CLV
Clear Overflow
Flag
0⇒V
INH
0A
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
0
—
CMPA (opr)
Compare A to
Memory
A–M
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
81
91
B1
A1
A1
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
C1
D1
F1
E1
E1
hh
ff
ff
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
1
18
73
63
63
CMPB (opr)
Compare B to
Memory
B–M
DIR
IND,X
IND,Y
18
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
COM (opr)
Ones
Complement
Memory Byte
$FF – M ⇒ M
COMA
Ones
Complement
A
$FF – A ⇒ A
A
INH
43
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
1
COMB
Ones
Complement
B
$FF – B ⇒ B
B
INH
53
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
1
CPD (opr)
Compare D to
Memory 16-Bit
D–M:M +1
5
6
7
7
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
4
5
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
5
6
7
7
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
CPX (opr)
CPY (opr)
Compare X to
Memory 16-Bit
Compare Y to
Memory 16-Bit
IX – M : M + 1
IY – M : M + 1
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ll
1A
1A
1A
1A
CD
83
93
B3
A3
A3
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
CD
8C
9C
BC
AC
AC
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
18
18
18
1A
18
8C
9C
BC
AC
AC
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ll
ll
ll
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
45
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 4 of 8)
Addressing
Instruction
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
DAA
Decimal Adjust
A
Adjust Sum to BCD
DEC (opr)
Decrement
Memory Byte
M–1⇒M
DECA
Decrement
Accumulator
A
A–1⇒A
A
INH
4A
DECB
Decrement
Accumulator
B
B–1⇒B
B
INH
DES
Decrement
Stack Pointer
SP – 1 ⇒ SP
DEX
Decrement
Index Register
X
DEY
EORA (opr)
EORB (opr)
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
5A
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
INH
34
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
IX – 1 ⇒ IX
INH
09
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
∆
—
—
Decrement
Index Register
Y
IY – 1 ⇒ IY
INH
18
09
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
∆
—
—
Exclusive OR A
with Memory
A⊕M⇒A
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
88
98
B8
A8
A8
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
18
C8
D8
F8
E8
E8
B⊕M⇒B
Opcode
INH
19
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
7A
6A
6A
Condition Codes
Operand
Exclusive OR B
with Memory
Mode
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
FDIV
Fractional
Divide 16 by 16
D / IX ⇒ IX; r ⇒ D
INH
03
—
41
—
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
IDIV
Integer Divide
16 by 16
D / IX ⇒ IX; r ⇒ D
INH
02
—
41
—
—
—
—
—
∆
0
∆
INC (opr)
Increment
Memory Byte
M+1⇒M
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
7C
6C
6C
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
INCA
Increment
Accumulator
A
A+1⇒A
A
INH
4C
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
INCB
Increment
Accumulator
B
B+1⇒B
B
INH
5C
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
—
INS
Increment
Stack Pointer
SP + 1 ⇒ SP
INH
31
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
INX
Increment
Index Register
X
IX + 1 ⇒ IX
INH
08
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
∆
—
—
INY
Increment
Index Register
Y
IY + 1 ⇒ IY
INH
18
08
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
∆
—
—
JMP (opr)
Jump
See Figure 3-2
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
hh
ff
ff
3
3
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
7E
6E
6E
JSR (opr)
Jump to
Subroutine
See Figure 3-2
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
dd
hh
ff
ff
5
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
9D
BD
AD
AD
Load
Accumulator
A
M⇒A
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
2
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
18
86
96
B6
A6
A6
LDAA (opr)
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
ll
ll
ll
Data Sheet
46
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Instruction Set
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 5 of 8)
Operation
Description
LDAB (opr)
Load
Accumulator
B
M⇒B
Load Double
Accumulator
D
M ⇒ A,M + 1 ⇒ B
Load Stack
Pointer
M : M + 1 ⇒ SP
LDD (opr)
LDS (opr)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Addressing
Mnemonic
LDX (opr)
LDY (opr)
LSL (opr)
M : M + 1 ⇒ IX
Load Index
Register
Y
M : M + 1 ⇒ IY
Logical Shift
Left
LSRA
LSRB
LSRD
b7
b0
b7
b0
Logical Shift
Right
Logical Shift
Right A
0
Logical Shift
Right B
Logical Shift
Right Double
0
0
b7
b7
b7
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
Instruction
Opcode
Operand
18
C6
D6
F6
E6
E6
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
18
CC
DC
FC
EC
EC
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
ll
ll
18
8E
9E
BE
AE
AE
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
CD
CE
DE
FE
EE
EE
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
18
18
18
1A
18
CE
DE
FE
EE
EE
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
kk
hh
ff
ff
ll
18
78
68
68
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
ll
ll
ll
Condition Codes
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
2
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
3
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
3
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
3
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
4
5
6
6
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
A
INH
48
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
B
INH
58
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
INH
05
—
3
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
74
64
64
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
0
∆
∆
∆
0
0
b7 A b0 b7 B b0
0
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
0
Logical Shift
Left Double
C
LSR (opr)
b0
Logical Shift
Left B
C
LSLD
b7
Logical Shift
Left A
C
LSLB
B
B
B
B
B
Load Index
Register
X
C
LSLA
Mode
0
b0 C
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
A
INH
44
—
2
—
—
—
—
0
∆
∆
∆
B
INH
54
—
2
—
—
—
—
0
∆
∆
∆
INH
04
—
3
—
—
—
—
0
∆
∆
∆
—
10
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
∆
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
b0 C
b0 C
b7 A b0 b7 B b0 C
MUL
Multiply 8 by 8
A∗B⇒D
INH
3D
NEG (opr)
Two’s
Complement
Memory Byte
0–M⇒M
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
70
60
60
NEGA
Two’s
Complement
A
0–A⇒A
A
INH
40
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
NEGB
Two’s
Complement
B
0–B⇒B
B
INH
50
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
NOP
No operation
No Operation
INH
01
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
47
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 6 of 8)
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
ORAA (opr)
OR
Accumulator
A (Inclusive)
A+M⇒A
OR
Accumulator
B (Inclusive)
B+M⇒B
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
ORAB (opr)
Addressing
Mode
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
Instruction
Opcode
Operand
18
8A
9A
BA
AA
AA
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
18
CA
DA
FA
EA
EA
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
Condition Codes
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
ll
2
3
4
4
5
PSHA
Push A onto
Stack
A ⇒ Stk,SP = SP – 1 A
INH
36
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PSHB
Push B onto
Stack
B ⇒ Stk,SP = SP – 1 B
INH
37
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PSHX
Push X onto
Stack (Lo
First)
IX ⇒ Stk,SP = SP – 2
INH
3C
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PSHY
Push Y onto
Stack (Lo
First)
IY ⇒ Stk,SP = SP – 2
INH
3C
—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PULA
Pull A from
Stack
SP = SP + 1, A ⇐ Stk A
INH
32
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PULB
Pull B from
Stack
SP = SP + 1, B ⇐ Stk B
INH
33
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PULX
Pull X From
Stack (Hi
First)
SP = SP + 2, IX ⇐ Stk
INH
38
—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PULY
Pull Y from
Stack (Hi
First)
SP = SP + 2, IY ⇐ Stk
INH
18
38
—
6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ROL (opr)
Rotate Left
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
18
79
69
69
ROLA
Rotate Left A
ROLB
Rotate Left B
ROR (opr)
Rotate Right
RORA
Rotate Right A
RORB
Rotate Right B
RTI
Return from
Interrupt
RTS
C
C
C
b7
b7
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
b0
b7
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
A
INH
49
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
B
INH
59
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
76
66
66
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
b0
b7
b0
b0 C
18
hh
ff
ff
ll
A
INH
46
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
B
INH
56
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
See Figure 3-2
INH
3B
—
12
∆
↓
∆
∆
∆
∆
∆
∆
Return from
Subroutine
See Figure 3-2
INH
39
—
5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
SBA
Subtract B from
A
A–B⇒A
INH
10
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
SBCA (opr)
Subtract with
Carry from A
A–M–C⇒A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
82
92
B2
A2
A2
2
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
b7
b7
b0 C
b0 C
A
A
A
A
A
18
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
ll
Data Sheet
48
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Instruction Set
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 7 of 8)
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
SBCB (opr)
Subtract with
Carry from B
B–M–C⇒B
Addressing
Mode
B
B
B
B
B
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
Instruction
Opcode
18
C2
D2
F2
E2
E2
Operand
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
ll
Condition Codes
Cycles
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
2
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
SEC
Set Carry
1⇒C
INH
0D
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
SEI
Set Interrupt
Mask
1⇒I
INH
0F
—
2
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
SEV
Set Overflow
Flag
1⇒V
INH
0B
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
—
STAA (opr)
Store
Accumulator
A
A⇒M
A
A
A
A
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
dd
hh
ff
ff
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
18
97
B7
A7
A7
Store
Accumulator
B
B⇒M
B
B
B
B
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
dd
hh
ff
ff
3
4
4
5
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
18
D7
F7
E7
E7
Store
Accumulator
D
A ⇒ M, B ⇒ M + 1
dd
hh
ff
ff
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
18
DD
FD
ED
ED
STOP
Stop Internal
Clocks
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
STS (opr)
Store Stack
Pointer
SP ⇒ M : M + 1
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
Store Index
Register X
IX ⇒ M : M + 1
4
5
5
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
Store Index
Register Y
IY ⇒ M : M + 1
5
6
6
6
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
Subtract
Memory from
A
A–M⇒A
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
Subtract
Memory from
B
B–M⇒B
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
ll
2
3
4
4
5
Subtract
Memory from
D
D–M:M+1⇒D
4
5
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
∆
∆
SWI
Software
Interrupt
See Figure 3-2
14
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
TAB
Transfer A to B
A⇒B
INH
16
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
TAP
Transfer A to
CC Register
A ⇒ CCR
INH
06
—
2
∆
↓
∆
∆
∆
∆
∆
∆
STAB (opr)
STD (opr)
STX (opr)
STY (opr)
SUBA (opr)
SUBB (opr)
SUBD (opr)
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
INH
CF
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
dd
hh
ff
ff
18
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
CD
DF
FF
EF
EF
dd
hh
ff
ff
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
18
18
1A
18
DF
FF
EF
EF
dd
hh
ff
ff
18
80
90
B0
A0
A0
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
18
C0
D0
F0
E0
E0
ii
dd
hh
ff
ff
18
83
93
B3
A3
A3
jj
dd
hh
ff
ff
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
A
A
A
A
A
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
IMM
DIR
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
INH
3F
ll
ll
—
9F
BF
AF
AF
A
A
A
A
A
ll
ll
ll
ll
kk
ll
—
TBA
Transfer B to A
B⇒A
INH
17
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
—
TEST
TEST (Only in
Test Modes)
Address Bus Counts
INH
00
—
*
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TPA
Transfer CC
Register to A
CCR ⇒ A
INH
07
—
2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
49
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 3-2. Instruction Set (Sheet 8 of 8)
Addressing
Instruction
Mnemonic
Operation
Description
TST (opr)
Test for Zero or
Minus
M–0
TSTA
Test A for Zero
or Minus
A–0
A
INH
4D
TSTB
Test B for Zero
or Minus
B–0
B
INH
TSX
Transfer Stack
Pointer to X
SP + 1 ⇒ IX
INH
TSY
Transfer Stack
Pointer to Y
SP + 1 ⇒ IY
INH
TXS
Transfer X to
Stack Pointer
IX – 1 ⇒ SP
INH
TYS
Transfer Y to
Stack Pointer
IY – 1 ⇒ SP
INH
WAI
Wait for
Interrupt
Stack Regs & WAIT
XGDX
Exchange D
with X
XGDY
Exchange D
with Y
Cycle
*
**
Mode
S
X
H
I
N
Z
V
C
6
6
7
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
0
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
0
5D
—
2
—
—
—
—
∆
∆
0
0
30
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
30
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
35
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
35
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
INH
3E
—
**
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
IX ⇒ D, D ⇒ IX
INH
8F
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
IY ⇒ D, D ⇒ IY
INH
8F
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
18
18
18
18
7D
6D
6D
Operand
Condition Codes
Cycles
EXT
IND,X
IND,Y
Opcode
hh
ff
ff
ll
Infinity or until reset occurs
12 cycles are used beginning with the opcode fetch. A wait state is entered which remains in effect for an integer number of MPU E-clock
cycles (n) until an interrupt is recognized. Finally, two additional cycles are used to fetch the appropriate interrupt vector (14 + n total).
Operands
dd
= 8-bit direct address ($0000–$00FF) (high byte assumed to be $00)
ff
= 8-bit positive offset $00 (0) to $FF (255) (is added to index)
hh
= High-order byte of 16-bit extended address
ii
= One byte of immediate data
jj
= High-order byte of 16-bit immediate data
kk
= Low-order byte of 16-bit immediate data
ll
= Low-order byte of 16-bit extended address
mm = 8-bit mask (set bits to be affected)
rr
= Signed relative offset $80 (–128) to $7F (+127)
(offset relative to address following machine code offset byte)
Operators
()
Contents of register shown inside parentheses
⇐
Is transferred to
⇑
Is pulled from stack
⇓
Is pushed onto stack
•
Boolean AND
+
Arithmetic addition symbol except where used as inclusive-OR symbol
in Boolean formula
⊕
Exclusive-OR
∗
Multiply
:
Concatenation
–
Arithmetic subtraction symbol or negation symbol (two’s complement)
Condition Codes
—
Bit not changed
0
Bit always cleared
1
Bit always set
∆
Bit cleared or set, depending on operation
↓
Bit can be cleared, cannot become set
Data Sheet
50
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Central Processor Unit (CPU)
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 4. Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
4.1 Introduction
This section describes the internal and external resets and interrupts of the
MC68HC711D3 and its two low power-consumption modes.
4.2 Resets
The microcontroller unit (MCU) can be reset in any of these four ways:
1. An active-low input to the RESET pin
2. A power-on reset (POR) function
3. A clock monitor failure
4. A computer operating properly (COP) watchdog timer timeout
The RESET input consists mainly of a Schmitt trigger that senses the RESET line
logic level.
4.2.1 RESET Pin
To request an external reset, the RESET pin must be held low for at least eight
E-clock cycles, or for one E-clock cycle if no distinction is needed between internal
and external resets.
4.2.2 Power-On Reset (POR)
Power-on reset occurs when a positive transition is detected on VDD. This reset is
used strictly for power turn on conditions and should not be used to detect any drop
in the power supply voltage. If the external RESET pin is low at the end of the
power-on delay time, the processor remains in the reset condition until RESET
goes high.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
51
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
4.2.3 Computer Operating Properly (COP) Reset
The MCU contains a watchdog timer that automatically times out unless it is
serviced within a specific time by a program reset sequence. If the COP watchdog
timer is allowed to timeout, a reset is generated, which drives the RESET pin low
to reset the MCU and the external system.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
In the MC68HC711D3, the COP reset function is enabled out of reset in normal
modes. If the user does not want the COP enabled, he must write a 1 to the
NOCOP bit of the configuration control register (CONFIG) after reset. This bit is
writable only once after reset in normal modes (see 2.3.3 Configuration Control
Register for more information). Protected control bits (CR1 and CR0) in the
configuration options register (OPTION) allow the user to select one of the four
COP timeout rates. Table 4-1 shows the relationship between CR1 and CR0 and
the COP timeout period for various system clock frequencies.
The sequence for resetting the watchdog timer is:
1. Write $55 to the COP reset register (COPRST) to arm the COP timer
clearing mechanism.
2. Write $AA to the COPRST register to clear the COP timer
Both writes must occur in this sequence prior to the timeout, but any number of
instructions can be executed between the two writes.
Table 4-1. COP Time Out Periods
E ÷ 215
CR0 CR1 Divided
By
XTAL = 223
Time Out
–0/+15.6 ms
XTAL =
8.0 MHz
Time Out
–0/+16.4 ms
XTAL =
4.9152 MHz
Time Out
–0/+26.7 ms
XTAL =
4.0 MHz
Time Out
–0/+32.8 ms
XTAL =
3.6864 MHz
Time Out
–0/+35.6 ms
0
0
1
15.625 ms
16.384 ms
26.667 ms
32.768 ms
35.556 ms
0
1
4
62.5 ms
65.536 ms
106.67 ms
131.07 ms
142.22 ms
1
0
16
250 ms
262.14 ms
426.67 ms
524.29 ms
568.89 ms
1
1
64
1 sec
1.049 sec
1.707 sec
2.1 sec
2.276 ms
E=
2.1 MHz
2.0 MHz
1.2288 MHz
1.0 MHz
921.6 kHz
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$003A
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 4-1. Arm/Reset COP Timer Circuitry Register (COPRST)
Data Sheet
52
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Resets
4.2.4 Clock Monitor Reset
The MCU contains a clock monitor circuit that measures the E-clock frequency. If
the E-clock input rate is above approximately 200 kHz, then the clock monitor does
not generate an MCU reset. If the E-clock signal is lost or its frequency falls below
10 kHz, then an MCU reset can be generated, and the RESET pin is driven low to
reset the external system.
4.2.5 System Configuration Options Register
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The system configuration options register (OPTION) is a special-purpose register
with several time-protected bits. OPTION is used during initialization to configure
internal system options.
Bits 5, 4, 2, 1, and 0 can be written only once during the first 64 E-clock cycles after
reset in normal modes (where the HPRIO register bit (SMOD) is cleared). In special
modes (where SMOD = 1), the bits can be written at any time. Bit 3 can be written
at anytime.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0039
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
0
0
IRQE
DLY
CME
0
CR1
CR0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
Figure 4-2. System Configuration Options Register (OPTION)
Bits 7, 6, and 2 — Not implemented
Always read 0.
IRQE — IRQ Edge/Level Sensitivity Select
This bit can be written only once during the first 64 E-clock cycles after reset in
normal modes.
1 = IRQ is configured to respond only to falling edges.
0 = IRQ is configured for low-level wired-OR operation.
DLY — Stop Mode Exit Turnon Delay
This bit is set during reset and can be written only once during the first 64
E-clock cycles after reset in normal modes. If an external clock source rather
than a crystal is used, the stabilization delay can be inhibited because the clock
source is assumed to be stable.
1 = A stabilization delay of 4064 E-clock cycles is imposed before processing
resumes after a stop mode wakeup.
0 = No stabilization delay is imposed after story recovery.
CME — Clock Monitor Enable
1 = Clock monitor circuit is enabled.
0 = Clock monitor circuit is disabled.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
53
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
CR1 and CR0 — COP Timer Rate Selects
The COP system is driven by a constant frequency of E ÷ 215. These two bits
specify an additional divide-by value to arrive at the COP timeout rate. These
bits are cleared during reset and can be written only once during the first 64
E-clock cycles after reset in normal modes. The value of these bits is:
CR1
CR0
E ÷ 215
Divided By
0
0
1
0
1
4
1
0
16
1
1
64
4.3 Interrupts
Excluding reset-type interrupts, there are 17 hardware interrupts and one software
interrupt that can be generated from all the possible sources. These interrupts can
be divided into two categories: maskable and non-maskable. Fifteen of the
interrupts can be masked using the I bit of the condition code register (CCR). All
the on-chip (hardware) interrupts are individually maskable by local control bits.
The software interrupt is non-maskable. The external input to the XIRQ pin is
considered a non-maskable interrupt because it cannot be masked by software
once it is enabled. However, it is masked during reset and upon receipt of an
interrupt at the XIRQ pin. Illegal opcode is also a non-maskable interrupt.
Table 4-2 provides a list of the interrupts with a vector location in memory for each,
as well as the actual condition code and control bits that mask each interrupt.
Figure 4-3 shows the interrupt stacking order.
Table 4-2. Interrupt and Reset Vector Assignments
Vector
Address
Interrupt Source
Local
Mask
—
—
$FFC0, $FFC1
↓
$FFD4, $FFD5
Reserved
$FFD6, $FFD7
SCI serial system:
• SCI transmit complete
• SCI transmit data register empty
• SCI idle line detect
• SCI receiver overrun
• SCI receive data register full
I bit
$FFD8, $FFD9
SPI serial transfer complete
I bit
SPIE
$FFDA, $FFDB
Pulse accumulator input edge
I bit
PAII
$FFDC, $FFDD
Pulse accumulator overflow
I bit
PAOVI
Data Sheet
54
CCR
Mask
TCIE
TIE
ILIE
RIE
RIE
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Interrupts
Table 4-2. Interrupt and Reset Vector Assignments (Continued)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Vector
Address
Interrupt Source
CCR
Mask
Local
Mask
$FFDE, $FFDF
Timer overflow
I bit
TOI
$FFE0, $FFE1
Timer input capture 4/output compare 5
I bit
I4/O5I
$FFE2, $FFE3
Timer output compare 4
I bit
OC4I
$FFE4, $FFE5
Timer output compare 3
I bit
OC3I
$FFE6, $FFE7
Timer output compare 2
I bit
OC2I
$FFE8, $FFE9
Timer output compare 1
I bit
OC1I
$FFEA, $FFEB
Timer input capture 3
I bit
IC3I
$FFEC, $FFED
Timer input capture 2
I bit
IC2I
$FFEE, $FFEF
Timer input capture 1
I bit
IC1I
$FFF0, $FFF1
Real time interrupt
I bit
RTII
$FFF2, $FFF3
IRQ (external pin)
I bit
None
$FFF4, $FFF5
XIRQ pin (pseudo non-maskable)
X bit
None
$FFF6, $FFF7
Software interrupt
None
None
$FFF8, $FFF9
Illegal opcode trap
None
None
$FFFA, $FFFB
COP failure (reset)
None
NOCOP
$FFFC, $FFFD
Clock monitor fail (reset)
None
CME
$FFFE, $FFFF
RESET
None
None
STACK
SP
PCL
SP – 1
PCH
SP – 2
IYL
SP – 3
IYH
SP – 4
IXL
SP – 5
IXH
SP – 6
ACCA
SP – 7
ACCB
SP – 8
CCR
SP – 9
— SP BEFORE INTERRUPT
— SP AFTER INTERRUPT
Figure 4-3. Interrupt Stacking Order
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
4.3.1 Software Interrupt (SWI)
The SWI is executed the same as any other instruction and takes precedence over
interrupts only if the other interrupts are masked (with I and X bits in the CCR set).
SWI execution is similar to that of the maskable interrupts in that it sets the I bit,
stacks the central processor unit (CPU) registers, etc.
NOTE:
The SWI instruction cannot be executed as long as another interrupt is pending.
However, once the SWI instruction has begun, no other interrupt can be honored
until the first instruction in the SWI service routine is completed.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
4.3.2 Illegal Opcode Trap
Since not all possible opcodes or opcode sequences are defined, an illegal opcode
detection circuit has been included in the MCU. When an illegal opcode is
detected, an interrupt is required to the illegal opcode vector. The illegal opcode
vector should never be left uninitialized.
4.3.3 Real-Time Interrupt (RTI)
The real-time interrupt (RTI) provides a programmable periodic interrupt. This
interrupt is maskable by either the I bit in the CCR or the RTI enable (RTII) bit of
the timer interrupt mask register 2 (TMSK2). The rate is based on the MCU E clock
and is software selectable to the E ÷ 213, E ÷ 214, E ÷ 215, or E ÷ 216. See PACTL,
TMSK2, and TFLG2 register descriptions in Section 8. Programmable Timer for
control and status bit information.
4.3.4 Interrupt Mask Bits in the CCR
Upon reset, both the X bit and I bit of the CCR are set to inhibit all maskable
interrupts and XIRQ. After minimum system initialization, software may clear the X
bit by a TAP instruction, thus enabling XIRQ interrupts. Thereafter software cannot
set the X bit. So, an XIRQ interrupt is effectively a non-maskable interrupt. Since
the operation of the I bit related interrupt structure has no effect on the X bit, the
internal XIRQ pin remains effectively non-masked. In the interrupt priority logic, the
XIRQ interrupt is a higher priority than any source that is maskable by the I bit. All
I bit related interrupts operate normally with their own priority relationship.
When an I bit related interrupt occurs, the I bit is automatically set by hardware after
stacking the CCR byte. The X bit is not affected. When an X bit related interrupt
occurs, both the X and the I bit are automatically set by hardware after stacking the
CCR. A return-from-interrupt (RTI) instruction restores the X and I bits to their
preinterrupt request state.
Data Sheet
56
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Interrupts
4.3.5 Priority Structure
Interrupts obey a fixed hardware priority circuit to resolve simultaneous requests.
However one I bit related interrupt source may be elevated to the highest I bit
priority in the resolution circuit.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Six interrupt sources are not masked by the I bit in the CCR and have these fixed
priority relationships:
1. Reset
2. Clock monitor failure
3. COP failure
4. Illegal opcode
5. SWI
6. XIRQ
SWI is actually an instruction and has highest priority, other than resets, in that
once the SWI opcode is fetched, no other interrupt can be honored until the SWI
vector has been fetched.
Each of the previous sources is an input to the priority resolution circuit. The
highest I bit masked priority input to the resolution circuit is assigned to be
connected to any one of the remaining I bit related interrupt sources. This
assignment is made under the software control of the HPRIO register. To avoid
timing races, the HPRIO register can be written only while the I bit related interrupts
are inhibited (I bit of CCR is logic 1). An interrupt that is assigned to this higher
priority position is still subject to masking by any associated control bits or by the I
bit in the CCR. The interrupt vector address is not affected by assigning a source
to the higher priority position.
Figure 4-4, Figure 4-5, and Figure 4-6 illustrate the interrupt process as it relates
to normal processing. Figure 4-4 shows how the CPU begins from a reset, and
how interrupt detection relates to normal opcode fetches. Figure 4-5 is an
expansion of a block in Figure 4-4 and shows how interrupt priority is resolved.
Figure 4-6 is an expansion of the SCI interrupt block of Figure 4-4 and shows the
resolution of interrupt sources within the SCI subsystem.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
HIGHEST
PRIORITY
POWER-ON RESET
(POR)
DELAY 4064 E CYCLES
EXTERNAL RESET
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
CLOCK MONITOR FAIL
(WITH CME = 1)
LOWEST
PRIORITY
COP WATCHDOG
TIMEOUT
(WITH NOCOP = 0)
LOAD PROGRAM COUNTER
WITH CONTENTS OF
$FFFE, $FFFF
(VECTOR FETCH)
LOAD PROGRAM COUNTER
WITH CONTENTS OF
$FFFC, $FFFD
(VECTOR FETCH)
LOAD PROGRAM COUNTER
WITH CONTENTS OF
$FFFA, $FFFB
(VECTOR FETCH)
SET BITS S, I, AND X
RESET MCU
HARDWARE
1A
BEGIN INSTRUCTION
SEQUENCE
Y
BIT X IN
CCR = 1?
N
XIRQ
PIN LOW?
N
2A
Y
STACK CPU
REGISTERS
SET BITS I AND X
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF4, $FFF5
Figure 4-4. Processing Flow Out of Reset (Sheet 1 of 2)
Data Sheet
58
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Interrupts
2A
Y
I BIT IN
CCR SET?
N
ANY I-BIT
INTERRUPT
PENDING?
Y
STACK CPU
REGISTERS
N
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
FETCH OPCODE
N
STACK CPU
REGISTERS
ILLEGAL
OPCODE?
Y
SET I BIT
WAI
Y
INSTRUCTION?
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF8, $FFF9
STACK CPU
REGISTERS
N
Y
STACK CPU
REGISTERS
SWI
INSTRUCTION?
N
N
Y
SET I BIT
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF6, $FFF7
SET I BIT
RTI
INSTRUCTION?
N
RESTORE CPU
REGISTERS
FROM STACK
EXECUTE THIS
INSTRUCTION
1A
INTERRUPT
YET?
RESOLVE INTERRUPT
PRIORITY AND FETCH
VECTOR FOR HIGHEST
PENDING SOURCE
SEE Figure 4-5
START NEXT
INSTRUCTION
SEQUENCE
Figure 6-3. Processing Flow Out of Reset (Sheet 2 of 2)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
BEGIN
X BIT
IN CCR
SET ?
Y
N
Y
IRQ ?
SET X BIT
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF4, $FFF5
N
HIGHEST
PRIORITY
INTERRUPT
?
N
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
XIRQ PIN
LOW ?
Y
FETCH VECTOR
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF2, $FFF3
N
RTII = 1 ?
Y
N
REAL-TIME
INTERRUPT
?
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF0, $FFF1
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFEE, $FFEF
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFEC, $FFED
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFEA, $FFEB
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFE8, $FFE9
N
Y
IC1I = 1 ?
N
TIMER
IC1F ?
N
Y
IC2I = 1 ?
N
TIMER
IC2F ?
N
Y
IC3I = 1 ?
N
TIMER
IC3F ?
N
Y
OC1I = 1 ?
N
TIMER
OC1F ?
N
2A
2B
Figure 4-5. Interrupt Priority Resolution (Sheet 1 of 2)
Data Sheet
60
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Interrupts
2A
2B
Y
OC2I = 1?
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFE6, $FFE7
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFE4, $FFE5
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFE2, $FFE3
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFE0, $FFE1
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFDE, $FFDF
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFDC, $FFDD
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFDA, $FFDB
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFD8, $FFD9
N
N
OC3I = 1?
Y
FLAG
OC3F = 1
N
N
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
FLAG
OC2F = 1?
OC4I = 1?
Y
FLAG
OC4F = 1?
N
N
OC5I = 1?
Y
FLAG
OC5F = 1?
N
N
Y
TOI = 1?
FLAG
TOF = 1?
N
N
PAOVI = 1?
Y
FLAG
PAOVF = 1
N
N
PAII = 1?
Y
FLAG
PAIF = 1?
N
N
SPIE = 1?
Y
FLAGS
SPIF = 1? OR
MODF = 1?
N
N
SCI
INTERRUPT?
SEE Figure 4-6
Y
FETCH VECTOR
$FFD6, $FFD7
FETCH VECTOR
$FFF2, $FFF3
N
END
Figure 5-6. Interrupt Priority Resolution (Sheet 2 of 2)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
BEGIN
FLAG
RDRF = 1?
Y
N
OR = 1?
Y
Y
N
N
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RIE = 1?
TDRE = 1?
Y
TIE = 1?
TC = 1?
Y
N
Y
N
N
RE = 1?
TE = 1?
Y
N
Y
TCIE = 1?
Y
N
N
IDLE = 1?
Y
Y
ILIE = 1?
N
N
NO
VALID SCI REQUEST
RE = 1?
Y
N
YES
VALID SCI REQUEST
Figure 4-6. Interrupt Source Resolution within SCI
Data Sheet
62
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Interrupts
4.3.6 Highest Priority I Interrupt and Miscellaneous Register (HPRIO)
Four bits of this register (PSEL3–PSEL0) are used to select one of the I bit related
interrupt sources and to elevate it to the highest I bit masked position of the priority
resolution circuit. In addition, four miscellaneous system control bits are included
in this register.
Address:
$003C
Bit 7
Read:
Write:
RBOOT
6
SMOD
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Reset:
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
MDA
IRVNE
PSEL3
PSEL2
PSEL1
PSEL0
0
1
0
1
Note 1
1. The values of the RBOOT, SMOD, IRVNE, and MDA bits at reset depend on the
mode during initialization. Refer to Table 4-3.
Figure 4-7. Highest Priority I-Bit Interrupt
and Miscellaneous Register (HPRIO)
RBOOT — Read Bootstrap ROM
This bit can be read at any time. It can be written only in special modes
(SMOD = 1). In special bootstrap mode, it is set during reset. Reset clears it in
all other modes.
1 = Bootloader ROM is enabled in the memory map at $BF00–$BFFF.
0 = Bootloader ROM is disabled and is not in the memory map.
SMOD and MDA — Special Mode Select and Mode Select A
These two bits can be read at any time.These bits reflect the status of the MODA
and MODB input pins at the rising edge of reset. SMOD may be written only in
special modes. It cannot be written to a 1 after being cleared without an interim
reset. MDA may be written at any time in special modes, but only once in normal
modes. An interpretation of the values of these two bits is shown in Table 4-3.
Table 4-3. Hardware Mode Select Summary
Inputs
Latched at Reset
Mode
MODB
MODA
SMOD
MDA
1
0
Single chip
0
0
1
1
Expanded multiplexed
0
1
0
0
Special bootstrap
1
0
0
1
Special test
1
1
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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IRVNE — Internal Read Visibility/Not E
This bit may be read at any time. It may be written once in any mode. IRVNE is
set during reset in special test mode only, and cleared by reset in the other
modes.
1 = Data from internal reads is driven out on the external data bus in
expanded modes.
0 = Data from internal reads is not visible on the external data bus.
As shown in the table, in single-chip and bootstrap modes IRVNE determines
whether the E clock is driven out or forced low.
1 = E pin driven low
0 = E clock driven out of the chip
IRVNE
E Clock
IRV
IRVNE
IRVNE
Out
Out
Out
Affects
May
of Reset of Reset of Reset
Only
be Written
Mode
NOTE:
Single chip
0
On
Off
E
Once
Expanded multiplexed
0
On
Off
IRV
Once
Bootstrap
0
On
Off
E
Once
Special test
1
On
On
IRV
Once
To prevent bus conflicts, when using internal read visibility, the user must disable
all external devices from driving the data bus during any internal access.
PSEL3–PSEL0 — Priority Selects
These four bits are used to specify one I bit related interrupt source, which then
becomes the highest priority I bit related interrupt source. These bits may be
written only while the I bit in the CCR is set, inhibiting I bit related interrupts. An
interpretation of the value of these bits is shown in Table 4-4.
During reset, PSEL3–PSEL0 are initialized to 0101, which corresponds to
reserved (default to IRQ). IRQ becomes the highest priority I bit related interrupt
source.
Table 4-4. Highest Priority Interrupt Selection
PSEL3–PSEL0
Interrupt Source Promoted
0000
Timer overflow
0001
Pulse accumulator overflow
0010
Pulse accumulator input edge
0011
SPI serial transfer complete
0100
SCI serial system
0101
Reserved (default to IRQ)
0110
IRQ (external pin)
0111
Real-time interrupt
1000
Timer input capture 1
Data Sheet
64
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
Low-Power Operation
Table 4-4. Highest Priority Interrupt Selection (Continued)
1001
Timer input capture 2
1010
Timer input capture 3
1011
Timer output compare 1
1100
Timer output compare 2
1101
Timer output compare 3
1110
Timer output compare 4
1111
Timer input capture 4/output compare 5
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
4.4 Low-Power Operation
The M68HC11 Family of microcontroller units (MCU) has two programmable low
power-consumption modes: stop and wait. In the wait mode, the on-chip oscillator
remains active. In the stop mode, the oscillator is stopped. This subsection
describes these two low power-consumption modes.
4.4.1 Stop Mode
The STOP instruction places the MCU in its lowest power-consumption mode,
provided the S bit in the CCR is cleared. In this mode, all clocks are stopped,
thereby halting all internal processing.
To exit the stop mode, a low level must be applied to either the IRQ, XIRQ, or
RESET pin. An external interrupt used at IRQ is only effective if the I bit in the CCR
is cleared. An external interrupt applied at the XIRQ input is effective, regardless
of the setting of the X bit of the CCR. However, the actual recovery sequence
differs, depending on the X bit setting. If the X bit is cleared, the MCU starts with
the stacking sequence leading to the normal service of the XIRQ request. If the X
bit is set, the processing always continues with the instruction immediately
following the STOP instruction. A low input to the RESET pin always results in an
exit from the stop mode, and the start of MCU operations is determined by the reset
vector.
The CPU will not exit stop mode correctly when interrupted by IRQ or XIRQ if the
instruction preceding STOP is a column 4 or 5 accumulator inherent (opcodes $4X
and $5X) instruction, such as NEGA, NEGB, COMA, COMB, etc. These
single-byte, two-cycle instructions must be followed by an NOP, then the STOP
command. If reset is used to exit stop mode, the CPU will respond properly.
A restart delay is required if the internal oscillator is being used. The delay allows
the oscillator to stabilize when exiting the stop mode. If a stable external oscillator
is being used, the delay (DLY) bit in the OPTION register can be cleared to bypass
the delay. If the DLY bit is clear, the RESET pin would not normally be used to exit
the stop mode. The reset sequence sets the DLY bit, and the restart delay would
be reimposed.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
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Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
4.4.2 Wait Mode
The wait (WAI) instruction places the MCU in a low power-consumption mode. The
wait mode consumes more power than the stop mode since the oscillator is kept
running. Upon execution of the WAI instruction, the machine state is stacked and
program execution stops.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The wait state can be exited only by an unmasked interrupt or RESET. If the I bit
of the CCR is set and the COP is disabled, the timer system is turned off by WAI
to further reduce power consumption. The amount of power savings is application
dependent. It also depends upon the circuitry connected to the MCU pins, and
upon subsystems such as the timer, serial peripheral interface (SPI), or serial
communications interface (SCI) that were or were not active when the wait mode
was entered.
Data Sheet
66
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports
5.1 Introduction
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The MC68HC711D3 has four 8-bit input/output (I/O) ports; A, B, C, and D. In the
40-pin version, port A bits 4 and 6 are not bonded. Port functions are controlled by
the particular mode of operation selected, as shown in Table 1-1. Port Signal
Functions.
In the single-chip and bootstrap modes, all the ports are configured as parallel
input/output (I/O) data ports. In expanded multiplexed and test modes, ports B, C,
and lines D6 (AS) and D7 (R/W) are configured as a memory expansion bus, with:
•
Port B as the high-order address bus
•
Port C as the multiplexed address and data bus
•
AS as the demultiplexing signal
•
R/W as data bus direction control
The remaining ports are unaffected by mode changes.
•
Ports A and D can be used as general-purpose I/O ports, though each has
an alternate function.
•
Port A bits handle the timer functions.
•
Port D handles serial peripheral interface (SPI) and serial communications
interface (SCI) functions in addition to its bus direction control functions.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Input/Output (I/O) Ports
5.2 Port A
Port A shares functions with the timer system and has:
•
Three input only pins
•
Three output only pins
•
Two bidirectional I/O pins
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Pins PA6 and PA4 are not bonded in the 40-pin dual in-line package (DIP), and
their OC output functions are unavailable, but their software interrupts are
available.
Address:
$0000
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PA7
PA6(1)
PA5
PA4(1)
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
Reset:
Hi-Z
0
0
0
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Alt. Func.:
And/Or:
PAI
OC1
OC2
OC1
OC3
OC1
OC4
OC1
IC4/OC5
OC1
IC1
—
IC2
—
IC3
—
Read:
Write:
1. This pin is not bonded in the 40-pin version.
Figure 5-1. Port A Data Register (PORTA)
PORTA can be read any time. Inputs return the pin level, whereas outputs return
the pin driver input level. If written, PORTA stores the data in an internal latch. It
drives the pins only if they are configured as outputs. Writes to PORTA do not
change the pin state when the pins are configured for timer output compares.
Out of reset, port A bits 7 and 3–0 are general high-impedance inputs, while
bits 6–4 are outputs, driving low. On bidirectional lines PA7 and PA3, the timer
forces the I/O state to be an output if the associated output compare is enabled. In
this case, the data direction bits DDRA7 and DDRA3 in PACTL will not be changed
or have any effect on those bits. When the output compare functions associated
with these pins are disabled, the DDR bits in PACTL govern the I/O state.
Data Sheet
68
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Input/Output (I/O) Ports
Port B
5.3 Port B
Port B is an 8-bit, general-purpose I/O port with a data register (PORTB) and a data
direction register (DDRB).
•
In the single-chip mode, port B pins are general-purpose I/O pins
(PB7–PB0).
•
In the expanded-multiplexed mode, all of the port B pins act as the
high-order address bits (A15–A8) of the address bus.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
5.3.1 Port B Data Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Alt. Func.:
$0004
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
PB3
PB2
PB1
PB0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A15
A14
A13
A12
A11
A10
A9
A8
Figure 5-2. Port B Data Register (PORTB)
PORTB can be read at any time. Inputs return the sensed levels at the pin, while
outputs return the input level of the port B pin drivers. If PORTB is written, the data
is stored in an internal latch and can be driven only if port B is configured for
general-purpose outputs in single-chip or bootstrap mode.
Port B pins are general--purpose inputs out of reset in single-chip and bootstrap
modes. These pins are outputs (the high-order address bits) out of reset in
expanded multiplexed and test modes.
5.3.2 Port B Data Direction Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0006
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
DDB7
DDB6
DDB5
DDB4
DDB3
DDB2
DDB1
DDB0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 5-3. Data Direction Register for Port B (DDRB)
DDB7–DDB0 — Data Direction Bits for Port B
1 = Corresponding port B pin configured as output
0 = Corresponding port B pin configured for input only
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
5.4 Port C
Port C is an 8-bit, general-purpose I/O port with a data register (PORTC) and a data
direction register (DDRC). In the single-chip mode, port C pins are general-purpose
I/O pins (PC7–PC0). In the expanded-multiplexed mode, port C pins are configured
as multiplexed address/data pins. During the address cycle, bits 7–0 of the address
are output on PC7–PC0. During the data cycle, bits 7–0 (PC7–PC0) are
bidirectional data pins controlled by the R/W signal.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
5.4.1 Port C Control Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0002
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
0
0
CWOM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 5-4. Port C Control Register (PIOC)
CWOM — Port C Wire-OR Mode Bit
1 = Port C outputs are open drain (to facilitate testing)
0 = Port C operates normally
5.4.2 Port C Data Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0003
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PC7
PC6
PC5
PC4
PC3
PC2
PC1
PC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 5-5. Port C Data Register (PORTC)
PORTC can be read at any time. Inputs return the sensed levels at the pin, while
outputs return the input level of the port C pin drivers. If PORTC is written, the data
is stored in an internal latch and can be driven only if port C is configured for
general-purpose outputs in single-chip or bootstrap mode.
Port C pins are general-purpose inputs out of reset in single-chip and bootstrap
modes. These pins are multiplexed low-order address and data bus lines out of
reset in expanded-multiplexed and test modes.
Data Sheet
70
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Input/Output (I/O) Ports
Port D
5.4.3 Port C Data Direction Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0007
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
DDC7
DDC6
DDC5
DDC4
DDC3
DDC2
DDC1
DDC0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure 5-6. Data Direction Register for Port C (DDRC)
DDC7–DDC0 — Data Direction Bits for Port C
1 = Corresponding port C pin is configured as output
0 = Corresponding port C pin is configured for input only
5.5 Port D
Port D is an 8-bit, general-purpose I/O port with a data register (PORTD) and a data
direction register (DDRD). The eight port D bits (D7–D0) can be used for
general-purpose I/O, for the serial communications interface (SCI) and serial
peripheral interface (SPI) subsystems, or for bus data direction control
5.5.1 Port D Data Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0008
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
PD7
PD6
PD5
PD4
PD3
PD2
PD1
PD0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 5-7. Port D Data Register (PORTD)
PORTD can be read at any time and inputs return the sensed levels at the pin;
whereas, outputs return the input level of the port D pin drivers. If PORTD is written,
the data is stored in an internal latch, and can be driven only if port D is configured
as general-purpose output. This port shares functions with the on-chip SCI and SPI
subsystems, while bits 6 and 7 control the direction of data flow on the bus in
expanded and special test modes.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Input/Output (I/O) Ports
5.5.2 Port D Data Direction Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0009
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
DDD7
DDD6
DDD5
DDD4
DDD3
DDD2
DDD1
DDD0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 5-8. Data Direction Register for Port D (DDRD)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
DDD7–DDD0 — Data Direction for Port D
When port D is a general-purpose I/O port, the DDRD register controls the
direction of the I/O pins as follows:
0 = Configures the corresponding port D pin for input only
1 = Configures the corresponding port D pin for output
In expanded and test modes, bits 6 and 7 are dedicated AS and R/W.
When port D is functioning with the SPI system enabled, bit 5 is dedicated as
the slave select (SS) input. In SPI slave mode, DDD5 has no meaning or effect.
In SPI master mode, DDD5 affects port D bit 5 as follows:
0 = Port D bit 5 is an error-detect input to the SPI.
1 = Port D bit 5 is configured as a general-purpose output line.
If the SPI is enabled and expects port D bits 2, 3, and 4 (MISO, MOSI, and SCK)
to be inputs, then they are inputs, regardless of the state of DDRD bits 2, 3,
and 4. If the SPI expects port D bits 2, 3, and 4 to be outputs, they are outputs
only if DDRD bits 2, 3, and 4 are set.
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Input/Output (I/O) Ports
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 6. Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
6.1 Introduction
The serial communications interface (SCI) is a universal asynchronous receiver
transmitter (UART), one of two independent serial input/output (I/O) subsystems in
the MC68HC711D3. It has a standard non-return to zero (NRZ) format (one start,
eight or nine data, and one stop bit). Several baud rates are available. The SCI
transmitter and receiver are independent, but use the same data format and bit
rate.
6.2 Data Format
The serial data format requires these conditions:
•
An idle line in the high state before transmission or reception of a message
•
A start bit, logic 0, transmitted or received, that indicates the start of each
character
•
Data that is transmitted and received least significant bit (LSB) first
•
A stop bit, logic 1, used to indicate the end of a frame. A frame consists of a
start bit, a character of eight or nine data bits, and a stop bit.
•
A break, defined as the transmission or reception of a logic 0 for some
multiple number of frames
Selection of the word length is controlled by the M bit in the SCI control register 1
(SCCR1).
6.3 Transmit Operation
The SCI transmitter includes a parallel transmit data register (SCDR) and a serial
shift register that puts data from the SCDR into serial form. The contents of the
serial shift register can only be written through the SCDR. This double-buffered
operation allows a character to be shifted out serially while another character is
waiting in the SCDR to be transferred into the serial shift register. The output of the
serial shift register is applied to PD1 as long as transmission is in progress or the
transmit enable (TE) bit of serial communication control register 2 (SCCR2) is set.
The block diagram, Figure 6-1, shows the transmit serial shift register and the
buffer logic at the top of the figure.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
TRANSMITTER
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
(WRITE ONLY)
SCDR Tx BUFFER
DDD1
10 (11) - BIT Tx SHIFT REGISTER
2
1
0
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
L
PD1
TxD
BREAK—JAM 0s
3
JAM ENABLE
4
PREAMBLE—JAM 1s
5
SHIFT ENABLE
6
TRANSFER Tx BUFFER
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SIZE 8/9
H (8) 7
FORCE PIN
DIRECTION (OUT)
SCCR1 SCI CONTROL 1
FE
NF
OR
IDLE
TC
RDRF
TDRE
WAKE
M
T8
R8
TRANSMITTER
CONTROL LOGIC
SCSR INTERRUPT STATUS
TDRE
TIE
TC
SBK
RWU
RE
TE
ILIE
RIE
TCIE
TIE
TCIE
SCCR2 SCI CONTROL 2
SCI Rx
REQUESTS
SCI INTERRUPT
REQUEST
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
Figure 6-1. SCI Transmitter Block Diagram
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
Receive Operation
6.4 Receive Operation
During receive operations, the transmit sequence is reversed. The serial shift
register receives data and transfers it to a parallel receive data register (SCDR) as
a complete word. Refer to Figure 6-2. This double-buffered operation allows a
character to be shifted in serially while another character is already in the SCDR.
An advanced data recovery scheme distinguishes valid data from noise in the
serial data stream. The data input is selectively sampled to detect receive data, and
a majority voting circuit determines the value and integrity of each bit.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
6.5 Wakeup Feature
The wakeup feature reduces SCI service overhead in multiple receiver systems.
Software for each receiver evaluates the first character of each message. The
receiver is placed in wakeup mode by writing a 1 to the RWU bit in the SCCR2
register. While RWU is 1, all of the receiver-related status flags (RDRF, IDLE, OR,
NF, and FE) are inhibited (cannot become set). Although RWU can be cleared by
a software write to SCCR2, to do so would be unusual. Normally, RWU is set by
software and is cleared automatically with hardware. Whenever a new message
begins, logic alerts the sleeping receivers to wake up and evaluate the initial
character of the new message.
Two methods of wakeup are available:
•
Idle line wakeup
•
Address mark wakeup
During idle line wakeup, a sleeping receiver awakens as soon as the RxD line
becomes idle. In the address mark wakeup, logic 1 in the most significant bit (MSB)
of a character wakes up all sleeping receivers.
6.5.1 Idle-Line Wakeup
To use the receiver wakeup method, establish a software addressing scheme to
allow the transmitting devices to direct a message to individual receivers or to
groups of receivers. This addressing scheme can take any form as long as all
transmitting and receiving devices are programmed to understand the same
scheme. Because the addressing information is usually the first frame(s) in a
message, receivers that are not part of the current task do not become burdened
with the entire set of addressing frames. All receivers are awake (RWU = 0) when
each message begins. As soon as a receiver determines that the message is not
intended for it, software sets the RWU bit (RWU = 1), which inhibits further flag
setting until the RxD line goes idle at the end of the message. As soon as an idle
line is detected by receiver logic, hardware automatically clears the RWU bit so that
the first frame of the next message can be received. This type of receiver wakeup
requires a minimum of one idle-line frame time between messages and no idle time
between frames in a message.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
16X
BAUD RATE
CLOCK
PIN BUFFER
AND CONTROL
PD0
RxD
10 (11) - BIT
Rx SHIFT REGISTER
STOP
÷16
DATA
RECOVERY
START
DDD0
(8) 7
6
5
4
3
MSB
DISABLE
DRIVER
2
1
0
ALL 1s
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
RE
M
FE
NF
OR
IDLE
RDRF
TDRE
TC
RWU
WAKE
M
T8
R8
WAKEUP
LOGIC
SCDR Rx BUFFER
SCSR SCI STATUS 1
SCCR1 SCI CONTROL 1
(READ ONLY)
RDRF
RIE
IDLE
ILIE
OR
SBK
RWU
RE
TE
ILIE
RIE
TCIE
TIE
RIE
SCCR2 SCI CONTROL 2
SCI Tx
REQUESTS
SCI INTERRUPT
REQUEST
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
Figure 6-2. SCI Receiver Block Diagram
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
SCI Error Detection
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6.5.2 Address-Mark Wakeup
The serial characters in this type of wakeup consist of seven (eight if M = 1)
information bits and an MSB, which indicates an address character (when set
to 1 — mark). The first character of each message is an addressing character
(MSB = 1). All receivers in the system evaluate this character to determine if the
remainder of the message is directed toward this particular receiver. As soon as a
receiver determines that a message is not intended for it, the receiver activates the
RWU function by using a software write to set the RWU bit. Because setting RWU
inhibits receiver-related flags, there is no further software overhead for the rest of
this message. When the next message begins, its first character has its MSB set,
which automatically clears the RWU bit and enables normal character reception.
The first character whose MSB is set is also the first character to be received after
wakeup because RWU gets cleared before the stop bit for that frame is serially
received. This type of wakeup allows messages to include gaps of idle time, unlike
the idle-line method, but there is a loss of efficiency because of the extra bit time
for each character (address bit) required for all characters.
6.6 SCI Error Detection
Three error conditions can occur during generation of SCI system interrupts:
•
Serial communications data register (SCDR) overrun
•
Received bit noise
•
Framing
Three bits (OR, NF, and FE) in the serial communications status register (SCSR)
indicate if one of these error conditions exists. The overrun error (OR) bit is set
when the next byte is ready to be transferred from the receive shift register to the
SCDR and the SCDR is already full (RDRF bit is set). When an overrun error
occurs, the data that caused the overrun is lost and the data that was already in
SCDR is not disturbed. The OR is cleared when the SCSR is read (with OR set),
followed by a read of the SCDR.
The noise flag (NF) bit is set if there is noise on any of the received bits, including
the start and stop bits. The NF bit is not set until the RDRF flag is set. The NF bit
is cleared when the SCSR is read (with FE equal to 1) followed by a read of the
SCDR.
When no stop bit is detected in the received data character, the framing error (FE)
bit is set. FE is set at the same time as the RDRF. If the byte received causes both
framing and overrun errors, the processor only recognizes the overrun error. The
framing error flag inhibits further transfer of data into the SCDR until it is cleared.
The FE bit is cleared when the SCSR is read (with FE equal to 1) followed by a read
of the SCDR.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
6.7 SCI Registers
This subsection describes the five addressable registers in the SCI.
6.7.1 SCI Data Register
The SCI data register (SCDR) is a parallel register that performs two functions. It
is the receive data register when it is read, and the transmit data register when it is
written. Reads access the receive data buffer and writes access the transmit data
buffer. Receive and transmit are double buffered.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Address:
Read:
Write:
$002F
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
R7/T7
R6/T6
R5/T5
R4/T4
R3/T3
R2/T2
R1/T1
R0/T0
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Figure 6-3. SCI Data Register (SCDR)
6.7.2 SCI Control Register 1
The SCI control register 1 (SCCR1) provides the control bits that determine word
length and select the method used for the wakeup feature.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$002C
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
R8
T8
0
M
WAKE
0
0
0
U
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
U = Unaffected
Figure 6-4. SCI Control Register 1 (SCCR1)
R8 — Receive Data Bit 8
If M bit is set, R8 stores the ninth bit in the receive data character.
T8 — Transmit Data Bit 8
If M bit is set, T8 stores ninth bit in transmit data character.
M — Mode Bit
The mode bit selects character format
0 = Start bit, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
1 = Start bit, 9 data bits, 1 stop bit
WAKE — Wakeup by Address Mark/Idle Bit
0 = Wakeup by IDLE line recognition
1 = Wakeup by address mark (most significant data bit set)
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
SCI Registers
6.7.3 SCI Control Register 2
The SCI control register 2 (SCCR2) provides the control bits that enable or disable
individual SCI functions.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$002D
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TIE
TCIE
RIE
ILIE
TE
RE
RWU
SBK
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure 6-5. SCI Control Register 2 (SCCR2)
TIE — Transmit Interrupt Enable Bit
1 = TDRE interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when TDRE status flag is set
TCIE — Transmit Complete Interrupt Enable Bit
0 = TC interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when TC status flag is set
RIE — Receiver Interrupt Enable Bit
0 = RDRF and OR interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when RDRF flag or the OR status flag is set
ILIE — Idle Line Interrupt Enable Bit
1 = IDLE interrupts disabled
1 = SCI interrupt requested when IDLE status flag is set
TE — Transmitter Enable Bit
When TE goes from 0 to 1, one unit of idle character time (logic 1) is queued as
a preamble.
0 = Transmitter disabled
1 = Transmitter enabled
RE — Receiver Enable Bit
0 = Receiver disabled
1 = Receiver enabled
RWU — Receiver Wakeup Control Bit
0 = Normal SCI receiver
1 = Wakeup enabled and receiver interrupts inhibited
SBK — Send Break Bit
At least one character time of break is queued and sent each time SBK is written
to 1. More than one break may be sent if the transmitter is idle at the time the
SBK bit is toggled on and off, as the baud rate clock edge could occur between
writing the 1 and writing the 0 to SBK.
0 = Break generator off
1 = Break codes generated as long as SBK = 1
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
6.7.4 SCI Status Register
The SCI status register (SCSR) provides inputs to the interrupt logic circuits for
generation of the SCI system interrupt.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$002E
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TDRE
TC
RDRF
IDLE
OR
NF
FE
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Figure 6-6. SCI Status Register (SCSR)
TDRE — Transmit Data Register Empty Flag
This flag is set when SCDR is empty. Clear the TDRE flag by reading SCSR with
TDRE set and then writing to SCDR.
0 = SCDR busy
1 = SCDR empty
TC — Transmit Complete Flag
This flag is set when the transmitter is idle (no data, preamble, or break
transmission in progress). Clear the TC flag by reading SCSR with TC set and
then writing to SCDR.
0 = Transmitter busy
1 = Transmitter idle
RDRF — Receive Data Register Full Flag
This flag is set if a received character is ready to be read from SCDR. Clear the
RDRF flag by reading SCSR with RDRF set and then reading SCDR.
0 = SCDR empty
1 = SCDR full
IDLE — Idle Line Detected Flag
This flag is set if the RxD line is idle. Once cleared, IDLE is not set again until
the RxD line has been active and becomes idle again. The IDLE flag is inhibited
when RWU = 1. Clear IDLE by reading SCSR with IDLE set and then reading
SCDR.
0 = RxD line active
1 = RxD line idle
OR — Overrun Error Flag
OR is set if a new character is received before a previously received character
is read from SCDR. Clear the OR flag by reading SCSR with OR set and then
reading SCDR.
0 = No overrun
1 = Overrun detected
Data Sheet
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
SCI Registers
NF — Noise Error Flag
NF is set if majority sample logic detects anything other than a unanimous
decision. Clear NF by reading SCSR with NF set and then reading SCDR.
0 = Unanimous decision
1 = Noise detected
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
FE — Framing Error Bit
FE is set when a 0 is detected where a stop bit was expected. Clear the FE flag
by reading SCSR with FE set and then reading SCDR.
0 = Stop bit detected
1 = Zero detected
6.7.5 Baud Rate Register
The baud rate register (BAUD) is used to select different baud rates for the SCI
system. The SCP1 and SCP0 bits function as a prescaler for the SCR2–SCR0 bits.
Together, these five bits provide multiple baud rate combinations for a given crystal
frequency. Normally, this register is written once during initialization. The prescaler
is set to its fastest rate by default out of reset and can be changed at any time.
Refer to Table 6-1 and Table 6-2 for normal baud rate selections.
Address:
$002B
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TCLR
0
SCP1
SCP0
RCKB
SCR2
SCR1
SCR0
0
0
0
0
0
U
U
U
U = Unaffected
Figure 6-7. Baud Rate Register (BAUD)
TCLR — Clear Baud Rate Counters (Test)
RCKB — SCI Baud Rate Clock Check (Test)
SCP1 and SCP0 — SCI Baud Rate Prescaler Select Bits
These two bits select a prescale factor for the SCI baud rate generator that
determines the highest possible baud rate.
Table 6-1. Baud Rate Prescale Selects
Crystal Frequency in MHz
SCP1
and SCP0
Divide
Internal Clock
By
4.0 MHz
(Baud)
8.0 MHz
(Baud)
10.0 MHz
(Baud)
12.0 MHz
(Baud)
00
1
62.50 K
125.0 K
156.25 K
187.5 K
01
3
20.83 K
41.67 K
52.08 K
62.5 K
10
4
15.625 K
31.25 K
38.4 K
46.88 K
11
13
4800
9600
12.02 K
14.42 K
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
SCR2–SCR0 — SCI Baud Rate Select Bits
These three bits select receiver and transmitter bit rate based on output from
baud rate prescaler stage.
Table 6-2. Baud Rate Selects
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Highest Baud Rate
(Prescaler Output from Table 6-1)
Divide
Prescaler
By
4800
9600
38.4 K
000
1
4800
9600
38.4 K
001
2
2400
4800
19.2 K
010
4
1200
2400
9600
011
8
600
1200
4800
100
16
300
600
2400
101
32
150
300
1200
110
64
—
150
600
111
128
—
—
300
SCR2–SCR0
The prescale bits, SCP1 and SCP0, determine the highest baud rate and
the SCR2–SCR0 bits select an additional binary submultiple (÷1, ÷2, ÷4,
through ÷128) of this highest baud rate. The result of these two dividers in series
is the 16 X receiver baud rate clock. The SCR2–SCR0 bits are not affected by
reset and can be changed at any time, although they should not be changed
when any SCI transfer is in progress.
Figure 6-8 illustrates the SCI baud rate timing chain. The prescale select bits
determine the highest baud rate. The rate select bits determine additional divide
by two stages to arrive at the receiver timing (RT) clock rate. The baud rate clock
is the result of dividing the RT clock by 16.
Data Sheet
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
Status Flags and Interrupts
EXTAL
XTAL
INTERNAL BUS CLOCK (PH2)
OSCILLATOR
AND
CLOCK GENERATOR
÷3
(÷ 4)
÷4
÷ 13
SCP1 AND SCP0
0:0
E
0:1
1:0
1:1
AS
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SCR2–SCR0
0:0:0
÷2
0:0:1
÷2
0:1:0
÷2
0:1:1
÷ 16
÷2
1:0:0
÷2
1:0:1
÷2
1:1:0
÷2
1:1:1
SCI
TRANSMIT
BAUD RATE
(1X)
SCI
RECEIVE
BAUD RATE
(16X)
Figure 6-8. SCI Baud Rate Diagram
6.8 Status Flags and Interrupts
The SCI transmitter has two status flags. These status flags can be read by
software (polled) to tell when the corresponding condition exists. Alternatively, a
local interrupt enable bit can be set to enable each of these status conditions to
generate interrupt requests when the corresponding condition is present. Status
flags are automatically set by hardware logic conditions, but must be cleared by
software, which provides an interlock mechanism that enables logic to know when
software has noticed the status indication. The software clearing sequence for
these flags is automatic — functions that are normally performed in response to the
status flags also satisfy the conditions of the clearing sequence.
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
TDRE and TC flags are normally set when the transmitter is first enabled (TE set
to 1). The TDRE flag indicates there is room in the transmit queue to store another
data character in the TDR. The TIE bit is the local interrupt mask for TDRE. When
TIE is 0, TDRE must be polled. When TIE and TDRE are 1, an interrupt is
requested.
The TC flag indicates the transmitter has completed the queue. The TCIE bit is the
local interrupt mask for TC. When TCIE is 0, TC must be polled; when TCIE is 1
and TC is 1, an interrupt is requested.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Writing a 0 to TE requests that the transmitter stop when it can. The transmitter
completes any transmission in progress before actually shutting down. Only an
MCU reset can cause the transmitter to stop and shut down immediately. If TE is
written to 0 when the transmitter is already idle, the pin reverts to its
general-purpose I/O function (synchronized to the bit-rate clock). If anything is
being transmitted when TE is written to 0, that character is completed before the
pin reverts to general-purpose I/O, but any other characters waiting in the transmit
queue are lost. The TC and TDRE flags are set at the completion of this last
character, even though TE has been disabled.
The SCI receiver has five status flags, three of which can generate interrupt
requests. The status flags are set by the SCI logic in response to specific conditions
in the receiver. These flags can be read (polled) at any time by software. Refer to
Figure 6-9, which shows SCI interrupt arbitration.
When an overrun takes place, the new character is lost, and the character that was
in its way in the parallel RDR is undisturbed. RDRF is set when a character has
been received and transferred into the parallel RDR. The OR flag is set instead of
RDRF if overrun occurs. A new character is ready to be transferred into RDR
before a previous character is read from RDR.
The NF and FE flags provide additional information about the character in the RDR,
but do not generate interrupt requests.
The last receiver status flag and interrupt source come from the IDLE flag. The RxD
line is idle if it has constantly been at logic 1 for a full character time. The IDLE flag
is set only after the RxD line has been busy and becomes idle, which prevents
repeated interrupts for the whole time RxD remains idle.
Data Sheet
84
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
Status Flags and Interrupts
BEGIN
FLAG
RDRF = 1?
Y
N
OR = 1?
Y
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Y
Y
N
IDLE = 1?
TIE = 1?
TCIE = 1?
RE = 1?
Y
N
Y
N
N
TC = 1?
Y
N
N
TDRE = 1?
RIE = 1?
TE = 1?
Y
N
Y
N
Y
Y
ILIE = 1?
N
N
NO
VALID SCI REQUEST
RE = 1?
Y
N
VALID SCI REQUEST
Figure 6-9. Interrupt Source Resolution within SCI
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
Data Sheet
86
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Communications Interface (SCI)
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 7. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
7.1 Introduction
The serial peripheral interface (SPI), an independent serial communications
subsystem, allows the microcontroller unit (MCU) to communicate synchronously
with peripheral devices, such as:
•
Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) shift registers
•
Liquid crystal diode (LCD) display drivers
•
Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) subsystems
•
Other microprocessors (MCUs)
The SPI is also capable of inter-processor communication in a multiple master
system. The SPI system can be configured as either a master or a slave device
with data rates as high as one half of the E-clock rate when configured as master,
and as fast as the E-clock rate when configured as slave.
7.2 Functional Description
The central element in the SPI system is the block containing the shift register and
the read data buffer. The system is single buffered in the transmit direction and
double buffered in the receive direction. This means that new data for transmission
cannot be written to the shifter until the previous transfer is complete; however,
received data is transferred into a parallel read data buffer so the shifter is free to
accept a second serial character. As long as the first character is read out of the
read data buffer before the next serial character is ready to be transferred, no
overrun condition occurs. A single MCU register address is used for reading data
from the read data buffer, and for writing data to the shifter.
The SPI status block represents the SPI status functions (transfer complete, write
collision, and mode fault) performed by the serial peripheral status register (SPSR).
The SPI control block represents those functions that control the SPI system
through the serial peripheral control register (SPCR).
Refer to Figure 7-1, which shows the SPI block diagram.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
PH2
(INTERNAL)
MISO
PD2
S
MSB
DIVIDER
÷4 ÷16 ÷32
S
M
LSB
8-BIT SHIFT REGISTER
READ DATA BUFFER
CLOCK
SPI CLOCK (MASTER)
M
CLOCK
LOGIC
MOSI
PD3
SCK
PD4
S
SPR0
DWOM
SS
PD5
MSTR
SPR1
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
SELECT
SPE
÷2
PIN CONTROL LOGIC
M
MSTR
SPR0
SPR1
CPOL
CPHA
MSTR
DWOM
SPIE
MODF
WCOL
SPIF
SPI STATUS REGISTER
SPE
SPE
SPI CONTROL
SPI CONTROL REGISTER
8
SPI INTERRUPT
REQUEST
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
Figure 7-1. SPI Block Diagram
7.3 SPI Transfer Formats
During an SPI transfer, data is simultaneously transmitted and received. A serial
clock line synchronizes shifting and sampling of the information on the two serial
data lines. A slave select line allows individual selection of a slave SPI device;
slave devices that are not selected do not interfere with SPI bus activities. On a
master SPI device, the select line can optionally be used to indicate a multiple
master bus contention. Refer to Figure 7-2.
Data Sheet
88
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
Clock Phase and Polarity Controls
SCK CYCLE #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SCK (CPOL = 0)
SCK (CPOL = 1)
SAMPLE INPUT
MSB
(CPHA = 0) DATA OUT
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
SAMPLE INPUT
MSB
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
(CPHA = 1) DATA OUT
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
SS (TO SLAVE)
SLAVE CPHA=1 TRANSFER IN PROGRESS
3
MASTER TRANSFER IN PROGRESS
2
4
SLAVE CPHA=0 TRANSFER IN PROGRESS
1
5
1. SS ASSERTED
2. MASTER WRITES TO SPDR
3. FIRST SCK EDGE
4. SPIF SET
5. SS NEGATED
Figure 7-2. SPI Transfer Format
7.4 Clock Phase and Polarity Controls
Software can select one of four combinations of serial clock phase and polarity
using two bits in the SPI control register (SPCR). The clock polarity is specified by
the CPOL control bit, which selects an active high or active low clock, and has no
significant effect on the transfer format. The clock phase (CPHA) control bit selects
one of two different transfer formats. The clock phase and polarity should be
identical for the master SPI device and the communicating slave device. In some
cases, the phase and polarity are changed between transfers to allow a master
device to communicate with peripheral slaves having different requirements.
When CPHA equals 0, the slave select (SS) line must be negated and reasserted
between each successive serial byte. Also, if the slave writes data to the SPI data
register (SPDR) while SS is active low, a write collision error results.
When CPHA equals 1, the SS line can remain low between successive transfers.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
7.5 SPI Signals
This subsection contains description of the four SPI signals:
•
Master in/slave out (MISO)
•
Master out/slave in (MOSI)
•
Serial clock (SCK)
•
Slave select (SS)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
7.5.1 Master In/Slave Out (MISO)
MISO is one of two unidirectional serial data signals. It is an input to a master
device and an output from a slave device. The MISO line of a slave device is placed
in the high-impedance state if the slave device is not selected.
7.5.2 Master Out/Slave In (MOSI)
The MOSI line is the second of the two unidirectional serial data signals. It is an
output from a master device and an input to a slave device. The master device
places data on the MOSI line a half-cycle before the clock edge that the slave
device uses to latch the data.
7.5.3 Serial Clock (SCK)
SCK, an input to a slave device, is generated by the master device and
synchronizes data movement in and out of the device through the MOSI and MISO
lines. Master and slave devices are capable of exchanging a byte of information
during a sequence of eight clock cycles.
Four possible timing relationships can be chosen by using control bits CPOL and
CPHA in the serial peripheral control register (SPCR). Both master and slave
devices must operate with the same timing. The SPI clock rate select bits, SPR1
and SPR0, in the SPCR of the master device, select the clock rate. In a slave
device, SPR1 and SPR0 have no effect on the operation of the SPI.
7.5.4 Slave Select (SS)
The SS input of a slave device must be externally asserted before a master device
can exchange data with the slave device. SS must be low before data transactions
and must stay low for the duration of the transaction.
The SS line of the master must be held high. If it goes low, a mode fault error flag
(MODF) is set in the serial peripheral status register (SPSR). To disable the mode
fault circuit, write a 1 in bit 5 of the port D data direction register. This sets the SS
pin to act as a general-purpose output. The other three lines are dedicated to the
SPI whenever the serial peripheral interface is on.
Data Sheet
90
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
SPI System Errors
The state of the master and slave CPHA bits affects the operation of SS. CPHA
settings should be identical for master and slave. When CPHA = 0, the shift clock
is the OR of SS with SCK. In this clock phase mode, SS must go high between
successive characters in an SPI message. When CPHA = 1, SS can be left low
between successive SPI characters. In cases where there is only one SPI slave
MCU, its SS line can be tied to VSS as long as only CPHA = 1 clock mode is used.
7.6 SPI System Errors
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Two system errors can be detected by the SPI system. The first type of error arises
in a multiple-master system when more than one SPI device simultaneously tries
to be a master. This error is called a mode fault. The second type of error, write
collision, indicates that an attempt was made to write data to the SPDR while a
transfer was in progress.
When the SPI system is configured as a master and the SS input line goes to active
low, a mode fault error has occurred — usually because two devices have
attempted to act as master at the same time. In cases where more than one device
is concurrently configured as a master, there is a chance of contention between
two pin drivers. For push-pull CMOS drivers, this contention can cause permanent
damage. The mode fault attempts to protect the device by disabling the drivers.
The MSTR control bit in the SPCR and all four DDRD control bits associated with
the SPI are cleared. An interrupt is generated subject to masking by the SPIE
control bit and the I bit in the CCR.
Other precautions may need to be taken to prevent driver damage. If two devices
are made masters at the same time, mode fault does not help protect either one
unless one of them selects the other as slave. The amount of damage possible
depends on the length of time both devices attempt to act as master.
A write collision error occurs if the SPDR is written while a transfer is in progress.
Because the SPDR is not double buffered in the transmit direction, writes to SPDR
cause data to be written directly into the SPI shift register. Because this write
corrupts any transfer in progress, a write collision error is generated. The transfer
continues undisturbed, and the write data that caused the error is not written to the
shifter.
A write collision is normally a slave error because a slave has no control over when
a master initiates a transfer. A master knows when a transfer is in progress, so
there is no reason for a master to generate a write-collision error, although the SPI
logic can detect write collisions in both master and slave devices.
The SPI configuration determines the characteristics of a transfer in progress. For
a master, a transfer begins when data is written to SPDR and ends when SPIF is
set. For a slave with CPHA equal to zero, a transfer starts when SS goes low and
ends when SS returns high. In this case, SPIF is set at the middle of the eighth SCK
cycle when data is transferred from the shifter to the parallel data register, but the
transfer is still in progress until SS goes high. For a slave with CPHA equal to one,
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
transfer begins when the SCK line goes to its active level, which is the edge at the
beginning of the first SCK cycle. The transfer ends in a slave in which CPHA equals
one when SPIF is set. For a slave, after a byte transfer, SCK must be in inactive
state for at least 2 E-clock cycles before the next byte transfer begins.
7.7 SPI Registers
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The three SPI registers, SPCR, SPSR, and SPDR, provide control, status, and
data storage functions. This sub-section provides a description of how these
registers are organized.
7.7.1 SPI Control Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0028
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
SPIE
SPE
DWOM
MSTR
CPOL
CPHA
SPR1
SPR0
0
0
0
0
0
1
U
U
U = Unaffected
Figure 7-3. SPI Control Register (SPCR)
SPIE — Serial Peripheral Interrupt Enable Bit
0 = SPI interrupt disabled
1 = SPI interrupt enabled
SPE — Serial Peripheral System Enable Bit
0 = SPI off
1 = SPI on
DWOM — Port D Wired-OR Mode Bit
DWOM affects all six port D pins.
0 = Normal CMOS outputs
1 = Open-drain outputs
MSTR — Master Mode Select Bit
0 = Slave mode
1 = Master mode
CPOL — Clock Polarity Bit
When the clock polarity bit is cleared and data is not being transferred, the SCK
pin of the master device has a steady state low value. When CPOL is set, SCK
idles high. Refer to Figure 7-2 and 7.4 Clock Phase and Polarity Controls.
CPHA — Clock Phase Bit
The clock phase bit, in conjunction with the CPOL bit, controls the clock-data
relationship between master and slave. The CPHA bit selects one of two
different clocking protocols. Refer to Figure 7-2 and 7.4 Clock Phase and
Polarity Controls.
Data Sheet
92
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
SPI Registers
SPR1 and SPR0 — SPI Clock Rate Select Bits
These two serial peripheral rate bits select one of four baud rates to be used as
SCK if the device is a master; however, they have no effect in the slave mode.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 7-1. SPI Clock Rates
SPR1
and SPR0
E Clock
Divide By
Frequency at
E = 2 MHz (Baud)
00
2
1.0 MHz
01
4
500 kHz
10
16
125 kHz
11
32
62.5 kHz
7.7.2 SPI Status Register
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0029
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
SPIF
WCOL
0
MODF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 7-4. SPI Status Register (SPSR)
SPIF — SPI Transfer Complete Flag
SPIF is set upon completion of data transfer between the processor and the
external device. If SPIF goes high, and if SPIE is set, a serial peripheral interrupt
is generated. To clear the SPIF bit, read the SPSR with SPIF set, then access
the SPDR. Unless SPSR is read (with SPIF set) first, attempts to write SPDR
are inhibited.
WCOL — Write Collision Bit
Clearing the WCOL bit is accomplished by reading the SPSR (with WCOL set)
followed by an access of SPDR. Refer to 7.5.4 Slave Select (SS) and 7.6 SPI
System Errors.
0 = No write collision
1 = Write collision
Bit 5 — Not implemented
Always reads 0.
MODF — Mode Fault Bit
To clear the MODF bit, read the SPSR (with MODF set), then write to the SPCR.
Refer to 7.5.4 Slave Select (SS) and 7.6 SPI System Errors.
0 = No mode fault
1 = Mode fault
Bits 3–0 — Not implemented
Always reads 0
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
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Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
7.7.3 SPI Data I/O Register
The SPI data I/O register (SPDR) is used when transmitting or receiving data on
the serial bus. Only a write to this register initiates transmission or reception of a
byte, and this only occurs in the master device. At the completion of transferring a
byte of data, the SPIF status bit is set in both the master and slave devices.
A read of the SPDR is actually a read of a buffer. To prevent an overrun and the
loss of the byte that caused the overrun, the first SPIF must be cleared by the time
a second transfer of data from the shift register to the read buffer is initiated.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$002A
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Unaffected by reset
Figure 7-5. SPI Data I/O Register (SPDR)
NOTE:
SPI is double buffered in and single buffered out.
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 8. Programmable Timer
8.1 Introduction
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The M68HC11 timing system is composed of five clock divider chains. The main
clock divider chain includes a 16-bit free-running counter, which is driven by a
programmable prescaler. The main timer's programmable prescaler provides one
of the four clocking rates to drive the 16-bit counter. Two prescaler control bits
select the prescale rate.
The prescaler output divides the system clock by 1, 4, 8, or 16. Taps off of this main
clocking chain drive circuitry that generates the slower clocks used by the pulse
accumulator, the real-time interrupt (RTI), and the computer operating properly
(COP) watchdog subsystems. Refer to Figure 8-1.
All main timer system activities are referenced to this free-running counter. The
counter begins incrementing from $0000 as the microcontroller unit (MCU) comes
out of reset, and continues to the maximum count, $FFFF. At the maximum count,
the counter rolls over to $0000, sets an overflow flag, and continues to increment.
As long as the MCU is running in a normal operating mode, there is no way to reset,
change, or interrupt the counting. The capture/compare subsystem features three
input capture channels, four output compare channels, and one channel that can
be selected to perform either input capture or output compare. Each of the three
input capture functions has its own 16-bit input capture register (time capture latch)
and each of the output compare functions has its own 16-bit compare register. All
timer functions, including the timer overflow and RTI have their own interrupt
controls and separate interrupt vectors.
The pulse accumulator contains an 8-bit counter and edge select logic. The pulse
accumulator can operate in either event counting or gated time accumulation
modes. During event counting mode, the pulse accumulator's 8-bit counter
increments when a specified edge is detected on an input signal. During gated time
accumulation mode, an internal clock source increments the 8-bit counter while an
input signal has a predetermined logic level.
RTI is a programmable periodic interrupt circuit that permits pacing the execution
of software routines by selecting one of four interrupt rates.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
OSCILLATOR AND
CLOCK GENERATOR
(DIVIDE BY FOUR)
AS
E CLOCK
INTERNAL BUS CLOCK (PH2)
PRESCALER
(÷ 2, 4, 16, 32)
SPR1 AND SPR0
SPI
PRESCALER
(÷ 1, 2, 4,....128)
SCR2–SCR0
PRESCALER
(÷ 1, 3, 4, 13)
SCP1 AND SCP0
SCI RECEIVER CLOCK
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
÷16
6
E÷2
SCI TRANSMIT CLOCK
PULSE ACCUMULATOR
PRESCALER
(÷ 1, 2, 4, 8)
RTR1 AND RTR0
E ÷ 213
÷4
PRESCALER
(÷ 1, 4, 8, 16)
PR1 AND PR0
REAL-TIME INTERRUPT
E÷215
PRESCALER
(÷1, 4, 16, 64)
CR1 AND CR0
TOF
TCNT
FF1
FF2
S
Q
R
Q
S
Q
R
Q
FORCE
COP
RESET
IC/OC
CLEAR COP
TIMER
SYSTEM
RESET
Figure 8-1. Timer Clock Divider Chains
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Timer Structure
The COP watchdog clock input (E÷215) is tapped off of the free-running counter
chain. The COP automatically times out unless it is serviced within a specific time
by a program reset sequence. If the COP is allowed to time out, a reset is
generated, which drives the RESET pin low to reset the MCU and the external
system. Refer to Table 8-1 for crystal related frequencies and periods.
Table 8-1. Timer Summary
XTAL Frequencies
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Control
Bits
4.0 MHz
8.0 MHz
12.0 MHz
Other Rates
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
3.0 MHz
(E)
1000 ns
500 ns
333 ns
(1/E)
PR1 and PR0
Main Timer Count Rates
00
1 count —
overflow —
1.0 µs
65.536 ms
500 ns
32.768 ms
333 ns
21.845 ms
(E/1)
(E/216)
01
1 count —
overflow —
4.0 µs
262.14 ms
2.0 µs
131.07 ms
1.333 µs
87.381 ms
(E/4)
(E/218)
10
1 count —
overflow —
8.0 µs
524.29 ms
4.0 µs
262.14 ms
2.667 µs
174.76 ms
(E/8)
(E/219)
11
1 count —
overflow —
16.0 µs
1.049 s
8.0 µs
524.29 ms
5.333 µs
349.52 ms
(E/16)
(E/220)
8.2 Timer Structure
Figure 8-2 shows the capture/compare system block diagram. The port A pin
control block includes logic for timer functions and for general-purpose input/output
(I/O). For pins PA2, PA1, and PA0, this block contains both the edge-detection
logic and the control logic that enables the selection of which edge triggers an input
capture. The digital level on PA2–PA0 can be read at any time (read PORTA
register), even if the pin is being used for the input capture function. Pins PA6–PA4
are used for either general-purpose output or as output compare pins. Pin PA3 can
be used for general-purpose I/O, input capture 4, output compare 5, or output
compare 1. When one of these pins is being used for an output compare function,
it cannot be written directly as if it were a general-purpose output. Each of the
output compare functions (OC5–OC2) is related to one of the port A output pins.
Output compare 1 (OC1) has extra control logic, allowing it optional control of any
combination of the PA7–PA3 pins. The PA7 pin can be used as a general-purpose
I/O pin, as an input to the pulse accumulator, or as an OC1 output pin.
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
MCU E
CLOCK
TCNT (HI)
PRESCALER — DIVIDE BY
1, 4, 8, 16
PR1
PR0
16-BIT COMPARATOR =
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
TOI
OC1F
TOC1 (LO)
9
TOF
TAPS FOR RTL,
COP WATCHDOG,
AND PULSE ACCUMULATOR
16-BIT TIMER BUS
TOC1 (HI)
TCNT (LO)
16-BIT FREE RUNNING
COUNTER
INTERRUPT REQUESTS
(FURTHER QUALIFIED
BY I BIT IN CCR)
TO PULSE
ACCUMULATOR
FORCE
OUTPUT
COMPARE
OC1I
FOC1
OC2I
16-BIT COMPARATOR =
TOC2 (HI)
TOC2 (LO)
TOC3 (LO)
I4/O5I
OC5
TI4/O5 (LO)
I4/O5F
CLK
IC1I
16-BIT LATCH
TIC2 (HI)
TIC3 (HI)
IC2I
CLK
PA3/IC4/
OC5/OC1
BIT 2
PA2/IC1
BIT 1
PA1/IC2
BIT 0
PA0/IC3
2
IC2F
TIC2 (LO)
16-BIT LATCH
BIT 3
3
IC1F
TIC1 (LO)
CLK
PA4/OC4/
OC1
IC4
CFORC
TIC1 (HI)
BIT 4
4
FOC5
I4/O5
CLK
PA5/OC3/
OC1
5
FOC4
16-BIT COMPARATOR =
16-BIT LATCH
BIT 5
OC4F
TOC4 (LO)
16-BIT LATCH
PA6/OC2/
OC1
6
FOC3
16-BIT COMPARATOR =
TI4/O5 (HI)
BIT 6
OC3F
OC4I
TOC4 (HI)
PA7/OC1/
PAI
7
FOC2
16-BIT COMPARATOR =
PORT A
PINS
BIT 7
OC2F
OC3I
TOC3 (HI)
8
IC3I
IC3F
1
TIC3 (LO)
TFLG 1
STATUS
FLAGS
TMSK 1
INTERRUPT
ENABLES
PORT A
PIN
CONTROL
Figure 8-2. Capture/Compare Block Diagram
8.3 Input Capture
The input capture function records the time an external event occurs by latching
the value of the free-running counter when a selected edge is detected at the
associated timer input pin. Software can store latched values and use them to
compute the periodicity and duration of events. For example, by storing the times
Data Sheet
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MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Input Capture
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of successive edges of an incoming signal, software can determine the period and
pulse width of a signal. To measure period, two successive edges of the same
polarity are captured. To measure pulse width, two alternate polarity edges are
captured.
In most cases, input capture edges are asynchronous to the internal timer counter,
which is clocked relative to the PH2 clock. These asynchronous capture requests
are synchronized to PH2 so that the latching occurs on the opposite half cycle of
PH2 from when the timer counter is being incremented. This synchronization
process introduces a delay from when the edge occurs to when the counter value
is detected. Because these delays offset each other when the time between two
edges is being measured, the delay can be ignored. When an input capture is
being used with an output compare, there is a similar delay between the actual
compare point and when the output pin changes state.
The control and status bits that implement the input capture functions are
contained in the PACTL, TCTL2, TMSK1, and TFLG1 registers.
To configure port A bit 3 as an input capture, clear the DDRA3 bit of the PACTL
register. Note that this bit is cleared out of reset. To enable PA3 as the fourth input
capture, set the I4/O5 bit in the PACTL register. Otherwise, PA3 is configured as a
fifth output compare out of reset, with bit I4/O5 being cleared. If the DDRA3 bit is
set (configuring PA3 as an output), and IC4 is enabled, then writes to PA3 cause
edges on the pin to result in input captures. Writing to TI4/O5 has no effect when
the TI4/O5 register is acting as IC4.
8.3.1 Timer Control 2 Register
Use the control bits of timer control 2 register (TCTL2) to program input capture
functions to detect a particular edge polarity on the corresponding timer input pin.
Each of the input capture functions can be independently configured to detect
rising edges only, falling edges only, any edge (rising or falling), or to disable the
input capture function. The input capture functions operate independently of each
other and can capture the same TCNT value if the input edges are detected within
the same timer count cycle.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0021
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
EDG4B
EDG4A
EDG1B
EDG1A
EDG2B
EDG2A
EDG3B
EDG3A
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-3. Timer Control 2 Register (TCTL2)
EDGxB and EDGxA — Input Capture Edge Control
There are four pairs of these bits. Each pair is cleared to 0 by reset and must be
encoded to configure the corresponding input capture edge detector circuit. IC4
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Programmable Timer
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Programmable Timer
functions only if the I4/O5 bit in PACTL is set. Refer to Table 8-2 for timer control
configuration.
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Table 8-2. Timer Control Configuration
EDGxB
EDGxA
Configuration
0
0
Capture disabled
0
1
Capture on rising edges only
1
0
Capture on falling edges only
1
1
Capture on any edge
8.3.2 Timer Input Capture Registers
When an edge has been detected and synchronized, the 16-bit free-running
counter value is transferred into the input capture register pair as a single 16-bit
parallel transfer. Timer counter value captures and timer counter incrementing
occur on opposite half-cycles of the phase two clock so that the count value is
stable whenever a capture occurs. The timer input capture (TICx) registers are not
affected by reset. Input capture values can be read from a pair of 8-bit read-only
registers. A read of the high-order byte of an input capture register pair inhibits a
new capture transfer for one bus cycle. If a double-byte read instruction, such as
LDD, is used to read the captured value, coherency is assured. When a new input
capture occurs immediately after a high-order byte read, transfer is delayed for an
additional cycle but the value is not lost.
Address: $0010 — TIC1 (High)
Read:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Address: $0011 — TIC1 (Low)
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Address: $0012 — TIC2 (High)
Read:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 8-4. Timer Input Capture Registers (TICx)
Data Sheet
100
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Programmable Timer
Input Capture
Address: $0013 — TIC2 (Low)
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Address: $0014 — TIC3 (High)
Read:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Write:
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Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Address: $0015 — TIC3 (Low)
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Write:
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
= Unimplemented
Figure 8-4. Timer Input Capture Registers (TICx) (Continued)
8.3.3 Timer Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Register
Use timer input capture 4/output compare 5 (TI4/O5) as either an input capture
register or an output compare register, depending on the function chosen for the
I4/O5 pin. To enable it as an input capture pin, set the I4/O5 bit in the pulse
accumulator control register (PACTL) to logic level 1. To use it as an output
compare register, set the I4/O5 bit to a logic level 0. Refer to 8.7 Pulse
Accumulator.
Address: $001E — TI4/O5 (High)
Read:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Write:
Reset:
Address: $001F — TI4/O5 (Low)
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Write:
Reset:
1
= Unimplemented
Figure 8-5. Timer Input Capture 4/Output
Compare 5 Register (TI4/O5)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
8.4 Output Compare (OC)
Use the output compare (OC) function to program an action to occur at a specific
time — when the 16-bit counter reaches a specified value. For each of the five
output compare functions, there is a separate 16-bit compare register and a
dedicated 16-bit comparator. The value in the compare register is compared to the
value of the free-running counter on every bus cycle. When the compare register
matches the counter value, an output compare status flag is set. The flag can be
used to initiate the automatic actions for that output compare function.
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To produce a pulse of a specific duration, write to the output compare register a
value representing the time the leading edge of the pulse is to occur. The output
compare circuit is configured to set the appropriate output either high or low,
depending on the polarity of the pulse being produced. After a match occurs, the
output compare register is reprogrammed to change the output pin back to its
inactive level at the next match. A value representing the width of the pulse is
added to the original value, and then is written to the output compare register.
Because the pin state changes occur at specific values of the free-running counter,
the pulse width can be controlled accurately at the resolution of the free-running
counter, independent of software latencies. To generate an output signal of a
specific frequency and duty cycle, repeat this pulse-generating procedure.
There are four 16-bit read/write output compare registers: TOC1, TOC2, TOC3,
and TOC4, and the TI4/O5 register, which functions under software control as
either IC4 or OC5. Each of the OC registers is set to $FFFF on reset. A value
written to an OC register is compared to the free-running counter value during each
E-clock cycle. If a match is found, the particular output compare flag is set in timer
interrupt flag register 1 (TFLG1). If that particular interrupt is enabled in the timer
interrupt mask register 1 (TMSK1), an interrupt is generated. In addition to an
interrupt, a specified action can be initiated at one or more timer output pins. For
OC5–OC2, the pin action is controlled by pairs of bits (OMx and OLx) in the TCTL1
register. The output action is taken on each successful compare, regardless of
whether the OCxF flag in the TFLG1 register was previously cleared.
OC1 is different from the other output compares in that a successful OC1 compare
can affect any or all five of the OC pins. The OC1 output action taken when a match
is found is controlled by two 8-bit registers with three bits unimplemented: the
output compare 1 mask register, OC1M, and the output compare 1 data register,
OC1D. OC1M specifies which port A outputs are to be used, and OC1D specifies
what data is placed on these port pins.
Data Sheet
102
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Programmable Timer
Output Compare (OC)
8.4.1 Timer Output Compare Registers
All output compare registers are 16-bit read-write. Each is initialized to $FFFF at
reset. If an output compare register is not used for an output compare function, it
can be used as a storage location. A write to the high-order byte of an output
compare register pair inhibits the output compare function for one bus cycle. This
inhibition prevents inappropriate subsequent comparisons. Coherency requires a
complete 16-bit read or write. However, if coherency is not needed, byte accesses
can be used.
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For output compare functions, write a comparison value to output compare
registers TOC1–TOC4 and TI4/O5. When TCNT value matches the comparison
value, specified pin actions occur.
Address: $0016 — TOC1 (High)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Address: $0017 — TOC1 (Low)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
$0018 — TOC2 (High)
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Address: $0019 — TOC2 (Low)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Address: $001A — TOC3 (High)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Figure 8-6. Timer Output Capture Registers (TOCx)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Address: $001B — TOC3 (Low)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Address: $001C — TOC4 (High)
Read:
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Write:
Reset:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Address: $001D — TOC4 (Low)
Read:
Write:
Reset:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Figure 8-6. Timer Output Capture Registers (TOCx) (Continued)
8.4.2 Timer Compare Force Register
The timer compare force register (CFORC) allows forced early compares.
FOC1–FOC5 correspond to the five output compares. These bits are set for each
output compare that is to be forced. The action taken as a result of a forced
compare is the same as if there were a match between the OCx register and the
free-running counter, except that the corresponding interrupt status flag bits are not
set. The forced channels trigger their programmed pin actions to occur at the next
timer count transition after the write to CFORC.
The CFORC bits should not be used on an output compare function that is
programmed to toggle its output on a successful compare because a normal
compare that occurs immediately before or after the force can result in an
undesirable operation.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$000B
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
FOC1
FOC2
FOC3
FOC4
FOC5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-7. Timer Compare Force Register (CFORC)
FOC1–FOC5 — Write 1s to Force Compare Bits
0 = Not affected
1 = Output x action occurs
Bits 2–0 — Not implemented, always read 0.
Data Sheet
104
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Programmable Timer
Output Compare (OC)
8.4.3 Output Compare 1 Mask Register
Use OC1M with OC1 to specify the bits of port A that are affected by a successful
OC1 compare. The bits of the OC1M register correspond to PA7–PA3.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$000C
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OC1M7
OC1M6
OC1M5
OC1M4
OC1M3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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Figure 8-8. Output Compare 1 Mask Register (OC1M)
OC1M7–OC1M3 — Output Compare Masks
0 = OC1 disabled
1 = OC1 enabled to control the corresponding pin of port A
Bits 2–0 — Not implemented; always read 0.
Set bit(s) to enable OC1 to control corresponding pin(s) of port A.
8.4.4 Output Compare 1 Data Register
Use this register with OC1 to specify the data that is to be stored on the affected
pin of port A after a successful OC1 compare. When a successful OC1 compare
occurs, a data bit in OC1D is stored in the corresponding bit of port A for each bit
that is set in OC1M.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$000D
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OC1D7
OC1D6
OC1D5
OC1D4
OC1D3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-9. Output Compare 1 Data Register (OC1D)
If OC1Mx is set, data in OC1Dx is output to port A bit x on successful OC1
compares.
Bits 2–0 — Not implemented; always read 0.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
8.4.5 Timer Counter Register
The 16-bit read-only timer count register (TCNT) contains the prescaled value of
the 16-bit timer. A full counter read addresses the most significant byte (MSB) first.
A read of this address causes the least significant byte (LSB) to be latched into a
buffer for the next CPU cycle so that a double-byte read returns the full 16-bit state
of the counter at the time of the MSB read cycle.
Address: $000E — TCNT High
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Read:
Bit 15
14
13
12
11
10
9
Bit 8
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 08
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Write:
Reset:
Address: $000F — TCNT Low
Read:
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Write:
Reset:
= Unimplemented
Figure 8-10. Timer Counter Registers (TCNT)
In normal modes, TCNT is read-only.
8.4.6 Timer Control 1 Register
The bits of the timer control 1 register (TCTL1) specify the action taken as a result
of a successful OCx compare.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0020
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OM2
OL2
OM3
OL3
OM4
OL4
OM5
OL5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-11. Timer Control 1 Register (TCTL1)
OM2–OM5 — Output Mode Bits
OL2–OL5 — Output Level Bits
These control bit pairs are encoded to specify the action taken after a successful
OCx compare. OC5 functions only if the I4/O5 bit in the PACTL register is clear.
Refer to Table 8-3 for the coding.
Data Sheet
106
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Programmable Timer
Output Compare (OC)
Table 8-3. Timer Output Compare Actions
OMx
OLx
Action Taken on Successful Compare
0
0
Timer disconnected from output pin logic
0
1
Toggle OCx output line
1
0
Clear OCx output line to 0
1
1
Set OCx output line to 1
8.4.7 Timer Interrupt Mask 1 Register
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The timer interrupt mask 1 register (TMSK1) is an 8-bit register used to enable or
inhibit the timer input capture and output compare interrupts.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0022
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OC1I
OC2I
OC3I
OC4I
I4/O5I
IC1I
IC2I
IC3I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-12. Timer Interrupt Mask 1 Register (TMSK1)
OC1I–OC4I — Output Compare x Interrupt Enable Bits
If the OCxI enable bit is set when the OCxF flag bit is set, a hardware interrupt
sequence is requested.
I4/O5I — Input Capture 4 or Output Compare 5 Interrupt Enable Bit
When I4/O5 in PACTL is one, I4/O5I is the input capture 4 interrupt enable bit.
When I4/O5 in PACTL is 0, I4/O5I is the output compare 5 interrupt enable bit.
IC1I–IC3I — Input Capture x Interrupt Enable Bits
If the ICxI enable bit is set when the ICxF flag bit is set, a hardware interrupt
sequence is requested.
NOTE:
Bits in TMSK1 correspond bit for bit with flag bits in TFLG1. Ones in TMSK1 enable
the corresponding interrupt sources.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
8.4.8 Timer Interrupt Flag 1 Register
The timer interrupt flag 1 register (TFLG1) bits indicate when timer system events
have occurred. Coupled with the bits of TMSK1, the bits of TFLG1 allow the timer
subsystem to operate in either a polled or interrupt driven system. Each bit of
TFLG1 corresponds to a bit in TMSK1 in the same position.
Address:
Read:
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Write:
Reset:
$0023
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
OC1F
OC2F
OC3F
OC4F
I4/O5F
IC1F
IC2F
IC3F
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-13. Timer Interrupt Flag 1 Register (TFLG1)
Clear flags by writing a 1 to the corresponding bit position(s).
OC1F–OC5F — Output Compare x Flag
Set each time the counter matches output compare x value
I4/O5F — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Flag
Set by IC4 or OC5, depending on the function enabled by I4/O5 bit in PACTL
IC1F–IC3F — Input Capture x Flag
Set each time a selected active edge is detected on the ICx input line
8.4.9 Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register
The timer interrupt mask 1 register (TMSK2) is an 8-bit register used to enable or
inhibit timer overflow and real-time interrupts. The timer prescaler control bits are
included in this register.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0024
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOI
RTII
PAOVI
PAII
0
0
PR1
PR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-14. Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register (TMSK2)
TOI — Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit
0 = TOF interrupts disabled
1 = Interrupt requested when TOF is set to 1
RTII — Real-Time Interrupt Enable Bit
Refer to 8.5 Real-Time Interrupt.
PAOVI — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
Data Sheet
108
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Output Compare (OC)
PAII — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Enable Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
NOTE:
Bits in TMSK2 correspond bit for bit with flag bits in TFLG2. Ones in TMSK2 enable
the corresponding interrupt sources.
PR1 and PR0 — Timer Prescaler Select Bits
These bits are used to select the prescaler divide-by ratio. In normal modes,
PR1 and PR0 can be written once only, and the write must be within 64 cycles
after reset. Refer to Table 8-4 for specific timing values.
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Table 8-4. Timer Prescale
PR1 and PR0
Prescaler
00
1
01
4
10
8
11
16
8.4.10 Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register
The timer interrupt flag 2 register (TFLG2) bits indicate when certain timer system
events have occurred. Coupled with the four high-order bits of TMSK2, the bits of
TFLG2 allow the timer subsystem to operate in either a polled or interrupt driven
system. Each bit of TFLG2 corresponds to a bit in TMSK2 in the same position.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0025
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOF
RTIF
PAOVF
PAIF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-15. Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register (TFLG2)
Clear flags by writing a 1 to the corresponding bit position(s).
TOF — Timer Overflow Interrupt Flag
Set when TCNT changes from $FFFF to $0000
RTIF — Real-Time (Periodic) Interrupt Flag
Refer to 8.5 Real-Time Interrupt.
PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Flag
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Flag
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
Bits 3–0 — Not implemented
Always read 0.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
8.5 Real-Time Interrupt
The real-time interrupt feature, used to generate hardware interrupts at a fixed
periodic rate, is controlled and configured by two bits (RTR1 and RTR0) in the
pulse accumulator control (PACTL) register. The RTII bit in the TMSK2 register
enables the interrupt capability. The four different rates available are a product
of the MCU oscillator frequency and the value of bits RTR1 and RTR0. Refer to
Table 8-5 for the periodic real-time interrupt rates.
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Table 8-5. Periodic Real-Time Interrupt Rates
RTR1
and RTR0
E = 1 MHz
E = 2 MHz
E = 3 MHz
E = X MHz
00
01
2.731 ms
5.461 ms
4.096 ms
8.192 ms
8.192 ms
16.384 ms
10
11
10.923 ms
21.845 ms
16.384 ms
32.768 ms
32.768 ms
65.536 ms
(E/213)
(E/214)
(E/215)
(E/216)
The clock source for the RTI function is a free-running clock that cannot be stopped
or interrupted except by reset. This clock causes the time between successive RTI
timeouts to be a constant that is independent of the software latencies associated
with flag clearing and service. For this reason, an RTI period starts from the
previous timeout, not from when RTIF is cleared.
Every timeout causes the RTIF bit in TFLG2 to be set, and if RTII is set, an interrupt
request is generated. After reset, one entire real-time interrupt period elapses
before the RTIF flag is set for the first time. Refer to the TMSK2, TFLG2, and
PACTL registers.
8.5.1 Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register
The timer interrupt mask 2 register (TMSK2) contains the real-time interrupt enable
bits.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0024
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOI
RTII
PAOVI
PAII
0
0
PR1
PR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-16. Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register (TMSK2)
TOI — Timer Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit
Refer to 8.4 Output Compare (OC).
Data Sheet
110
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Real-Time Interrupt
RTII — Real-Time Interrupt Enable Bit
0 = RTIF interrupts disabled
1 = Interrupt requested
PAOVI — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PAII — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Bits 3–2 — Unimplemented
Always read 0.
PR1 and PR0 — Timer Prescaler Select Bits
Refer to Table 8-4.
NOTE:
Bits in TMSK2 correspond bit for bit with flag bits in TFLG2. Ones in TMSK2 enable
the corresponding interrupt sources.
8.5.2 Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register
Bits of the timer interrupt flag 2 register (TFLG2) indicate the occurrence of timer
system events. Coupled with the four high-order bits of TMSK2, the bits of TFLG2
allow the timer subsystem to operate in either a polled or interrupt driven system.
Each bit of TFLG2 corresponds to a bit in TMSK2 in the same position.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0025
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOF
RTIF
PAOVF
PAIF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-17. Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register (TFLG2)
Clear flags by writing a 1 to the corresponding bit position(s).
TOF — Timer Overflow Interrupt Flag
Set when TCNT changes from $FFFF to $0000
RTIF — Real-Time Interrupt Flag
The RTIF status bit is automatically set to 1 at the end of every RTI period. To
clear RTIF, write a byte to TFLG2 with bit 6 set.
PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Overflow Interrupt Flag
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Flag
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
Bits 3–0 — Not implemented
Always read 0.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
8.5.3 Pulse Accumulator Control Register
Bits RTR1 and RTR0 of the pulse accumulator control register (PACTL) select the
rate for the real-time interrupt system. Bit DDRA3 determines whether port A bit
three is an input or an output when used for general-purpose I/O. The remaining
bits control the pulse accumulator.
Address:
Read:
Write:
$0026
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
DDRA7
PAEN
PAMOD
PEDGE
DDRA3
I4/O5
RTR1
RTR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Reset:
Figure 8-18. Pulse Accumulator Control Register (PACTL)
DDRA7 — Data Direction Control for Port A Bit 7
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PAEN — Pulse Accumulator System Enable Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PAMOD — Pulse Accumulator Mode Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
PEDGE — Pulse Accumulator Edge Control Bit
Refer to 8.7 Pulse Accumulator.
DDRA3 — Data Direction Register for Port A Bit 3
Refer to Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports.
I4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Bit
Refer to 8.3 Input Capture.
RTR1 and RTR0 — RTI Interrupt Rate Select Bits
These two bits determine the rate at which the RTI system requests interrupts.
The RTI system is driven by an E divided by 213 rate clock that is compensated
so it is independent of the timer prescaler. These two control bits select an
additional division factor. See Table 8-6.
Table 8-6. Real-Time Interrupt Rates
RTR1
and RTR0
E = 1 MHz
E = 2 MHz
E = 3 MHz
E = X MHz
00
2.731 ms
4.096 ms
8.192 ms
(E/213)
(E/214)
(E/215)
(E/216)
01
5.461 ms
8.192 ms
16.384 ms
10
10.923 ms
16.384 ms
32.768 ms
11
21.845 ms
32.768 ms
65.536 ms
Data Sheet
112
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Computer Operating Properly Watchdog Function
8.6 Computer Operating Properly Watchdog Function
The clocking chain for the COP function, tapped off of the main timer divider chain,
is only superficially related to the main timer system. The CR1 and CR0 bits in the
OPTION register and the NOCOP bit in the CONFIG register determine the status
of the COP function. Refer to Section 4. Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power
Modes for a more detailed discussion of the COP function.
The MC68HC711D3 has an 8-bit counter that can be configured to operate either
as a simple event counter or for gated time accumulation, depending on the state
of the PAMOD bit in the PACTL register. Refer to the pulse accumulator block
diagram, Figure 8-19.
1
INTERRUPT
REQUESTS
TMSK2 INT ENABLES
PAIF
PAOVF
PAII
PAOVI
2
TFLG2 INTERRUPT STATUS
PAI EDGE
DISABLE
FLAG SETTING
E ÷ 64 CLOCK
(FROM MAIN TIMER)
INPUT BUFFER
AND
EDGE DETECTION
PA7/
PAI/OC1
OVERFLOW
2:1
MUX
PACNT
8-BIT COUNTER
ENABLE
OUTPUT
BUFFER
PEDGE
PAMOD
PAEN
PAEN
FROM
MAIN TIMER
OC1
DDRA7
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
8.7 Pulse Accumulator
PACTL CONTROL
INTERNAL
DATA BUS
Figure 8-19. Pulse Accumulator
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
In the event counting mode, the 8-bit counter is clocked to increasing values by an
external pin. The maximum clocking rate for the external event counting mode is
the E clock divided by two. In gated time accumulation mode, a free-running
E-clock ÷ 64 signal drives the 8-bit counter, but only while the external PAI pin is
activated. Refer to Table 8-7. The pulse accumulator counter can be read or
written at any time.
Pulse accumulator control bits are also located within two timer registers, TMSK2
and TFLG2, as described here.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 8-7. Pulse Accumulator Timing in Gated Mode
Common XTAL Frequencies
Selected
Crystal
4.0 MHz
8.0 MHz
12.0 MHz
CPU Clock
(E)
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
3.0 MHz
Cycle Time
(1/E)
1000 ns
500 ns
333 ns
6)
(E/2
(E/214)
1 count -
64.0 µs
32.0 µs
21.33 µs
overflow -
16.384 ms
8.192 ms
5.461 ms
8.7.1 Pulse Accumulator Control Register
Four of the pulse accumulator control register (PACTL) bits control an 8-bit pulse
accumulator system. Another bit enables either the OC5 function or the IC4
function, while two other bits select the rate for the real-time interrupt system.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0026
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
DDRA7
PAEN
PAMOD
PEDGE
DDRA3
I4/O5
RTR1
RTR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-20. Pulse Accumulator Control Register (PACTL)
DDRA7 — Data Direction Control for Port A Bit 7
The pulse accumulator uses port A bit 7 as the PAI input, but the pin can also
be used as general-purpose I/O or as an output compare.
NOTE:
Even when port A bit 7 is configured as an output, the pin still drives the input to
the pulse accumulator.
Refer to Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports for more information.
PAEN — Pulse Accumulator System Enable Bit
0 = Pulse accumulator disabled
1 = Pulse accumulator enabled
PAMOD — Pulse Accumulator Mode Bit
0 = Event counter
1 = Gated time accumulation
Data Sheet
114
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Programmable Timer
Pulse Accumulator
PEDGE — Pulse Accumulator Edge Control Bit
This bit has different meanings depending on the state of the PAMOD bit, as
shown in Table 8-8.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Table 8-8. Pulse Accumulator Edge Control
PAMOD
PEDGE
Action on Clock
0
0
PAI falling edge increments the counter.
0
1
PAI rising edge increments the counter.
1
0
A 0 on PAI inhibits counting.
1
1
A 1 on PAI inhibits counting.
DDRA3 — Data Direction Register for Port A Bit 3
Refer to Section 5. Input/Output (I/O) Ports.
I4/O5 — Input Capture 4/Output Compare 5 Bit
Refer to 8.3 Input Capture.
RTR1 and RTR0 — RTI Interrupt Rate Select Bits
Refer to 8.5 Real-Time Interrupt.
8.7.2 Pulse Accumulator Count Register
The 8-bit read/write pulse accumulator count register (PACNT) contains the count
of external input events at the PAI input or the accumulated count. The counter is
not affected by reset and can be read or written at any time. Counting is
synchronized to the internal PH2 clock so that incrementing and reading occur
during opposite half cycles.
Address:
Read:
Write:
$0027
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
Reset:
Unaffected by reset
Figure 8-21. Pulse Accumulator Count Register (PACNT)
8.7.3 Pulse Accumulator Status and Interrupt Bits
The pulse accumulator control bits, PAOVI and PAII, PAOVF, and PAIF are located
within timer registers TMSK2 and TFLG2.
PAOVI and PAOVF — Pulse Accumulator Interrupt Enable and Overflow Flag
The PAOVF status bit is set each time the pulse accumulator count rolls over
from $FF to $00. To clear this status bit, write a 1 in the corresponding data bit
position (bit 5) of the TFLG2 register. The PAOVI control bit allows configuring
the pulse accumulator overflow for polled or interrupt-driven operation and does
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Programmable Timer
not affect the state of PAOVF. When PAOVI is 0, pulse accumulator overflow
interrupts are inhibited, and the system operates in a polled mode, which
requires PAOVF to be polled by user software to determine when an overflow
has occurred. When the PAOVI control bit is set, a hardware interrupt request
is generated each time PAOVF is set. Before leaving the interrupt service
routine, software must clear PAOVF by writing to the TFLG2 register.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PAII and PAIF — Pulse Accumulator Input Edge Interrupt Enable and Flag
The PAIF status bit is automatically set each time a selected edge is detected
at the PA7/PAI/OC1 pin. To clear this status bit, write to the TFLG2 register with
a 1 in the corresponding data bit position (bit 4). The PAII control bit allows
configuring the pulse accumulator input edge detect for polled or
interrupt-driven operation but does not affect setting or clearing the PAIF bit.
When PAII is 0, pulse accumulator input interrupts are inhibited, and the system
operates in a polled mode. In this mode, the PAIF bit must be polled by user
software to determine when an edge has occurred. When the PAII control bit is
set, a hardware interrupt request is generated each time PAIF is set. Before
leaving the interrupt service routine, software must clear PAIF by writing to the
TFLG register.
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0024
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOI
RTII
PAOVI
PAII
0
0
PR1
PR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-22. Timer Interrupt Mask 2 Register (TMSK2)
Address:
Read:
Write:
Reset:
$0025
Bit 7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Bit 0
TOF
RTIF
PAOVF
PAIF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Figure 8-23. Timer Interrupt Flag 2 Register (TFLG2)
Data Sheet
116
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Programmable Timer
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Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 9. Electrical Characteristics
9.1 Introduction
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
This section contains electrical specifications.
9.2 Maximum Ratings
Maximum ratings are the extreme limits to which the MCU can be exposed without
permanently damaging it.
NOTE:
This device is not guaranteed to operate properly at the maximum ratings. Refer to
9.5 DC Electrical Characteristics for guaranteed operating conditions.
Rating
Symbol
Value
Unit
Supply voltage
VDD
–0.3 to +7.0
V
Input voltage
VIn
–0.3 to +7.0
V
Current drain per pin(1)
Excluding VDD, VSS, VRH, and VRL
ID
25
mA
TSTG
–55 to +150
°C
Storage temperature
1. One pin at a time, observing maximum power dissipation limits
NOTE:
This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high
static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be
taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum-rated voltages to
this high-impedance circuit. For proper operation, it is recommended that VIn and
VOut be constrained to the range VSS ≤ (VIn or VOut) ≤ VDD. Reliability of operation
is enhanced if unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level
(for example, either VSS or VDD).
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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Electrical Characteristics
9.3 Functional Operating Temperature Range
Rating
Symbol
Value
Unit
TA
TL to TH
–40 to +85
–40 to +105
°C
Symbol
Value
Unit
Average junction temperature
TJ
TA + (PD × ΘJA)
°C
Ambient temperature
TA
User-determined
°C
Package thermal resistance (junction-to-ambient)
40-pin plastic dual in-line package (DIP)
44-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC)
44-pin plastic quad flat pack (QFP)
ΘJA
50
50
85
°C/W
Total power dissipation(1)
PD
PINT + PI/O
K / TJ + 273°C
W
Device internal power dissipation
PINT
IDD × VDD
W
I/O pin power dissipation(2)
PI/O
User-determined
W
Operating temperature range
MC68HC711D3
MC68HC711D3V
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
9.4 Thermal Characteristics
Characteristic
A constant(3)
K
PD × (TA + 273°C)
+ ΘJA × PD2
W/°C
1. This is an approximate value, neglecting PI/O.
2. For most applications, PI/O ≤ PINT and can be neglected.
3. K is a constant pertaining to the device. Solve for K with a known TA and a measured PD (at equilibrium). Use this value
of K to solve for PD and TJ, iteratively, for any value of TA.
Data Sheet
118
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
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Electrical Characteristics
DC Electrical Characteristics
9.5 DC Electrical Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Characteristic(1)
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Output voltage(2) All outputs
ILoad = ± 10.0 µAAll outputs except RESET and MODA
VOL
VOH
—
VDD – 0.1
0.1
—
V
Output high voltage(1) All outputs except
ILoad = – 0.8 mA, VDD = 4.5 V RESET, EXTAL, and MODA
VOH
VDD – 0.8
—
V
Output low voltage All outputs except XTAL
ILoad = 1.6 mA
VOL
—
0.4
V
VIH
0.7 x VDD
0.8 x VDD
VDD + 0.3
VDD + 0.3
V
Input low voltage All inputs
VIL
VSS – 0.3
0.2 x VDD
V
I/O ports, three-state leakage PA7, PA3, PC7–PC0, PD7–PD0, VIn = VIH
or VIL MODA/LIR, RESET
IOZ
—
±10
µA
Input leakage current
VIn = VDD or VSS IRQ, XIRQ
VIn = VDD or VSS MODB/VSTBY
IIn
—
—
±1
±10
µA
RAM standby voltagePower down
VSB
4.0
VDD
V
RAM standby currentPower down
ISB
—
20
µA
Input high voltage All inputs except RESET
RESET
Total supply current(3)
RUN:
Single-chip mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
Expanded multiplexed mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
WAIT — All peripheral functions shut down:
Single-chip mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
Expanded multiplexed mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
STOP — No clocks, single-chip mode:
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
IDD
mA
—
—
15
27
—
—
27
35
WIDD
SIDD
mA
—
—
6
15
—
—
10
20
—
—
100
150
µA
The dc electrical table continues on next page.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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Electrical Characteristics
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Characteristic(1)
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
Input capacitancePA3–PA0, IRQ, XIRQ, EXTAL
PA7, PC7–PC0, PD7–PD0, MODA/LIR, RESET
CIn
—
—
8
12
pF
Power dissipation
Single-chip mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
Expanded multiplexed mode
dc — 2 MHz
dc — 3 MHz
PD
—
—
85
150
—
—
150
195
EPROM programming voltage
VPP
11.75
12.75
V
EPROM programming time
tPP
2
4
ms
mW
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ±10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH, unless otherwise noted.
2. VOH specification for RESET and MODA is not applicable because they are open-drain pins. VOH specification is not
applicable to ports C and D in wired-OR mode.
3. All ports configured as inputs: VIL ≤ 0.2 V, VIH ≤ VDD –0.2 V; no dc loads; EXTAL is driven with a square wave;
tcyc = 476.5 ns.
VDD
EQUIVALENT TEST LOAD(1)
Pins
R2
TEST
POINT
C1
R1
R1
R2
C1
PA3–PA7
PB0–PB7
PC0–PC7
PD0, PD5–PD7
E
3.26 K
2.38 K
90 pF
PD1—PD4
3.26 K
2.38 K
200 pF
Note:
1. Full test loads are applied during all ac electrical timing measurements.
Figure 9-1. Equivalent Test Load
Data Sheet
120
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
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Electrical Characteristics
DC Electrical Characteristics
CLOCKS,
STROBES
~ VDD
VDD – 0.8 V
0.4 V
0.4 V
~ V SS
NOM
NOM
70% of VDD
INPUTS
20% of VDD
NOMINAL TIMING
~ VDD
VDD – 0.8 V
OUTPUTS
0.4 V
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
~ VSS
DC TESTING
CLOCKS,
STROBES
~ VDD
70% of VDD
20% of VDD
~ VSS
20% of VDD
SPEC
SPEC
70% of VDD
INPUTS
20% of VDD
(NOTE 1)
VDD – 0.8 V
0.4 V
SPEC TIMING
~ VDD
70% of VDD
OUTPUTS
20% of VDD
~ VSS
AC TESTING
Note:
1. During ac timing measurements, inputs are driven to 0.4 volts and VDD – 0.8 volts while timing measurements are taken
at the 20% and 70% of VDD points.
Figure 9-2. Test Methods
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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Electrical Characteristics
9.6 Control Timing
1.0 MHz
Characteristic(1)
3.0 MHz
Unit
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
fO
dc
1.0
dc
2.0
dc
3.0
MHz
tcyc
1000
—
500
—
333
—
ns
Crystal frequency
fXTAL
—
4.0
—
8.0
—
12.0
MHz
External oscillator frequency
4 fO
dc
4.0
dc
8.0
dc
12.0
MHz
tPCSU
300
—
175
—
133
—
ns
PWRSTL
8
1
—
—
8
1
—
—
8
1
—
—
tcyc
Mode programming setup time
tMPS
2
—
2
—
2
—
tcyc
Mode programming hold time
tMPH
10
—
10
—
10
—
ns
PWIRQ
1020
—
520
—
353
—
ns
tWRS
—
4
—
4
—
4
tcyc
PWTIM
1020
—
520
—
353
—
ns
Frequency of operation
E-clock period
Processor control setup timetPCSU = 1/4 tcyc + 50 ns
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
2.0 MHz
Symbol
Reset input pulse width(2)
To guarantee external reset vector
Minimum input time can be preempted by internal reset
Interrupt pulse width, PWIRQ = tcyc + 20 ns
IRQ edge-sensitive mode
Wait recovery startup time
Timer pulse width PWTIM = tcyc + 20 ns
Input capture pulse
Accumulator input
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Reset is recognized during the first clock cycle it is held low. Internal circuitry then drives the pin low for four clock cycles,
releases the pin, and samples the pin level two cycles later to determine the source of the interrupt. Refer to Section 5.
Input/Output (I/O) Ports for further details.
PA0–PA3(1)
PA0–PA3(2)
PA7(1) (3)
PWTIM
PA7(2) (3)
Notes:
1. Rising edge sensitive input
2. Falling edge sensitive input
3. Maximum pulse accumulator clocking rate is E-clock frequency divided by 2.
Figure 9-3. Timer Inputs
Data Sheet
122
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
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Figure 9-4. POR and External Reset Timing Diagram
ADDRESS
MODA, MODB
RESET
E
EXTAL
VDD
4064 tcyc
FFFE
FFFE
FFFE
FFFE
FFFF
tPCSU
NEW
PC
FFFE
PWRSTL
tMPS
FFFE
FFFE
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
tMPH
FFFE
FFFE
FFFF
NEW
PC
Electrical Characteristics
Control Timing
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
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Data Sheet
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123
124
STOP
ADDR + 1
STOP
ADDR
ADDRESS(5)
PWIRQ
tSTOPDELAY(3)
Data Sheet
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Electrical Characteristics
STOP
ADDR + 2
STOP
ADDR + 1
SP…SP–7
SP – 8
SP – 8
FFF2
(FFF4)
FFF3
(FFF5)
NEW
PC
Resume program with instruction which follows the STOP instruction.
STOP
ADDR + 1 OPCODE
Figure 9-5. STOP Recovery Timing Diagram
Notes:
1. Edge sensitive IRQ pin (IRQE bit = 1)
2. Edge sensitive IRQ pin (IRQE bit = 0)
3. tSTOPDELAY = 4064 tcyc if DLY bit = 1 or 4 tcyc if DLY = 0.
4. XIRQ with X bit in CCR = 1.
5. IRQ or (XIRQ with X bit in CCR = 0)
STOP
ADDR + 1
STOP
ADDR
ADDRESS(4)
E
AS
IRQ(2)
or XIRQ
IRQ(1)
RESET
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
MOTOROLA
WAIT
ADDR
SP
PCL
WAIT
ADDR + 1
SP – 2…SP – 8
SP – 8
SP – 8…SP – 8
SP – 8
tPCSU
SP – 8
tWRS
Figure 9-6. WAIT Recovery Timing Diagram
STACK REGISTERS
PCH, YL, YH, XL, XH, A, B, CCR
SP – 1
Note: RESET also causes recovery from WAIT.
R/W
ADDRESS
IRQ, XIRQ,
OR INTERNAL
INTERRUPTS
E
VECTOR
ADDR
SP – 8
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
VECTOR
ADDR + 1
NEW
PC
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
Control Timing
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Data Sheet
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
Electrical Characteristics
125
126
Data Sheet
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Go to: www.freescale.com
Electrical Characteristics
NEXT
OPCODE
OP
CODE
PWIRQ
tPCSU
——
NEXT
OP + 1
Notes:
1. Edge sensitive IRQ pin (IRQE bit = 1)
2. Level sensitive IRQ pin (IRQE bit = 0)
R/W
ADDRESS
AS
ADDRESS
IRQ , XIRQ
OR INTERNAL
INTERRUPT
(2)
IRQ(1)
E
PCL
SP
IYL
SP – 2
IYH
SP – 3
IXL
SP – 4
IXH
SP – 5
B
SP – 6
Figure 9-7. Interrupt Timing Diagram
PCH
SP – 1
A
SP – 7
CCR
SP – 8
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
——
VECTOR
ADDR
SP – 8
VECT
MSB
VECT
LSB
OP
CODE
VECTOR
ADDR + 1
NEW
PC
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
Peripheral Port Timing
9.7 Peripheral Port Timing
1.0 MHz
Characteristic(1)
3.0 MHz
Unit
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
fO
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
MHz
E-clock period
tCYC
1000
—
500
—
333
—
ns
Peripheral data setup time(2)
MCU read of ports A, B, C, and D
tPDSU
100
—
100
—
100
—
ns
Peripheral data hold time(2)
MCU read of ports A, B, C, and D
tPDH
50
—
50
—
50
—
ns
Delay time, peripheral data write
MCU write to port A
MCU writes to ports B, C, and D
tPWD = 1/4 tcyc + 150 ns
tPWD
—
200
—
200
—
200
—
350
—
225
—
183
Frequency of operation (E-clock frequency)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
2.0 MHz
Symbol
ns
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Port C and D timing is valid for active drive (CWOM and DWOM bits not set in PIOC and SPCR registers respectively).
MCU WRITE TO PORT
E
t PWD
PORTS
B, C, D
PREVIOUS PORT DATA
NEW DATA VALID
tPWD
PORT A
PREVIOUS PORT DATA
NEW DATA VALID
Figure 9-8. Port Write Timing Diagram
MCU READ OF PORT
E
tPDSU
tPDH
PORTS
A, B, C, D
Figure 9-9. Port Read Timing Diagram
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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127
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
9.8 Expansion Bus Timing
Characteristic(1)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Num
Symbol
1.0 MHz
Min
Max
2.0 MHz
3.0 MHz
Min Max Min Max
Unit
Frequency of operation (E-clock frequency)
fO
dc
1.0
dc
2.0
dc
3.0
MHz
1
Cycle time
tcyc
1000
—
500
—
333
—
ns
2
Pulse width, E low, PWEL = 1/2 tcyc — 23 ns
PWEL
477
—
227
—
146
—
ns
3
Pulse width, E high, PWEH = 1/2 tcyc – 28 ns
PWEH
472
—
222
—
141
—
ns
4A
E and AS rise time
tr
—
20
—
20
—
20
ns
4B
E and AS fall time
tf
—
20
—
20
—
15
ns
9
Address hold time(2)a, tAH = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns
tAH
95.5
—
33
—
26
—
ns
12
Non-muxed address valid time to E rise
tAV = PWEL – (tASD + 80 ns)(2)a
tAV
281.5
—
94
—
54
—
ns
17
Read data setup time
tDSR
30
—
30
—
30
—
ns
18
Read data hold time (max = tMAD)
tDHR
0
145.5
0
83
0
51
ns
19
Write data delay time, tDDW = 1/8 tcyc + 65.5 ns(2)a
tDDW
—
190.5
—
128
—
71
ns
21
Write data hold time, tDHW = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns(2)a
tDHW
95.5
—
33
—
26
—
ns
22
Muxed address valid time to E rise
tAVM = PWEL – (tASD + 90 ns)(2)a
tAVM
271.5
—
84
—
54
—
ns
24
Muxed address valid time to AS fall
tASL = PWASH – 70 ns
tASL
151
—
26
—
13
—
ns
25
Muxed address hold time, tAHL = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns(2)b
tAHL
95.5
—
33
—
31
—
ns
26
Delay time, E to AS rise, tASD = 1/8 tcyc – 9.5 ns(2)a
tASD
115.5
—
53
—
31
—
ns
27
Pulse width, AS high, PWASH = 1/4 tcyc – 29 ns
PWASH
221
—
96
—
63
—
ns
tASED
115.5
—
53
—
31
—
ns
ns(2)b
28
Delay time, AS to E rise, tASED = 1/8 tcyc – 9.5
29
MPU address access time(2)a
tACCA = tcyc – (PWEL– tAVM) – tDSR – tf
tACCA
744.5
—
307
—
196
—
ns
35
MPU access time , tACCE = PWEH – tDSR
tACCE
—
442
—
192
—
111
ns
36
Muxed address delay (previous cycle MPU read)
tMAD = tASD + 30 ns(2)a(3)
tMAD
145.5
—
83
—
51
—
ns
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Input clocks with duty cycles other than 50% affect bus performance. Timing parameters affected by input clock duty cycle
are identified by (a) and (b). To recalculate the approximate bus timing values, substitute the following expressions in place
of 1/8 tCYC in the above formulas, where applicable:
(a) (1-dc) × 1/4 tCYC
(b) dc × 1/4 tCYC
Where:
DC is the decimal value of duty cycle percentage (high time).
3. Formula only for dc to 2 MHz.
Data Sheet
128
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
Expansion Bus Timing
1
2
3
E
4
4
12
9
R/W, ADDRESS
(NON-MUX)
22
36
35
17
29
ADDRESS
READ
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
18
DATA
ADDRESS/DATA
(MULTIPLEXED)
19
ADDRESS
WRITE
21
DATA
25
24
4
4
AS
26
27
28
Note: Measurement points shown are 20% and 70% of VDD.
Figure 9-10. Multiplexed Expansion Bus Timing Diagram
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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129
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
9.9 Serial Peripheral Interface Timing
Characteristic(1)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Num
Symbol
2.0 MHz
Min Max
3.0 MHz
Min Max
Unit
Operating frequency
Master
Slave
fop(m)
fop(s)
dc
dc
0.5
2.0
dc
dc
0.5
3.0
fop
MHz
1
Cycle time
Master
Slave
tcyc(m)
tCYC(s)
2.0
500
—
—
2.0
333
—
—
tcyc
ns
2
Enable lead time
Master(2)
Slave
tlead(m)
tlead(s)
—
250
—
—
—
240
—
—
ns
3
Enable lag time
Master(2)
Slave
tlag(m)
tlag(s)
—
250
—
—
—
240
—
—
ns
4
Clock (SCK) high time
Master
Slave
tw(SCKH)m
tw(SCKH)s
340
190
—
—
227
127
—
—
ns
5
Clock (SCK) low time
Master
Slave
tw(SCKL)m
tw(SCKL)s
340
190
—
—
227
127
—
—
ns
6
Data setup time (inputs)
Master
Slave
tsu(m)
tsu(s)
100
100
—
—
100
100
—
—
ns
7
Data hold time (inputs)
Master
Slave
th(m)
th(s)
100
100
—
—
100
100
—
—
ns
Access time (time to data active from high-impedance state)
Slave
Disable time (hold time to high-impedance state)
Slave
ta
0
120
0
120
ns
tdis
—
240
—
167
ns
10
Data valid (after enable edge)(3)
tv(s)
—
240
—
167
ns
11
Data hold time (outputs) (after enable edge)
tho
0
—
0
—
ns
12
Rise time (20% VDD to 70% VDD, CL = 200 pF)
SPI outputs (SCK, MOSI, and MISO)
SPI inputs (SCK, MOSI, MISO, and SS)
trm
trs
—
—
100
2.0
—
—
100
2.0
ns
µs
13
Fall time (70% VDD to 20% VDD, CL = 200 pF)
SPI outputs (SCK, MOSI, and MISO)
SPI inputs (SCK, MOSI, MISO, and SS)
tfm
tfs
—
—
100
2.0
—
—
100
2.0
ns
µs
8
9
1. VDD = 5.0 Vdc ± 10%, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Signal production depends on software.
3. Assumes 200 pF load on all SPI pins.
Data Sheet
130
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
Serial Peripheral Interface Timing
SS
(INPUT)
SS IS HELD HIGH ON MASTER
1
12
13
13
12
5
SCK (CPOL = 0)
(OUTPUT)
SEE
NOTE
SCK (CPOL = 1)
(OUTPUT)
SEE
NOTE
4
5
4
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
MISO
(INPUT)
MSB IN
BIT 6 - - - -1
LSB IN
11
10 (REF)
MOSI
(OUTPUT)
MASTER MSB OUT
11 (REF)
10
BIT 6 - - - -1
MASTER LSB OUT
13
12
Note: This first clock edge is generated internally but is not seen at the SCK pin.
Figure 9-11. SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 0)
SS
(INPUT)
SS IS HELD HIGH ON MASTER
1
13
12
5
SEE
NOTE
SCK (CPOL = 0)
(OUTPUT)
4
13
5
SEE
NOTE
SCK (CPOL = 1)
(OUTPUT)
4
MISO
(INPUT)
MSB IN
10 (REF)
MOSI
(OUTPUT)
12
BIT 6 - - - -1
LSB IN
10
11
MASTER MSB OUT
7
6
BIT 6 - - - -1
11 (REF)
MASTER LSB OUT
12
13
Note: This last clock edge is generated internally but is not seen at the SCK pin.
Figure 9-12. SPI Master Timing (CPHA = 1)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Electrical Characteristics
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131
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Electrical Characteristics
SS
(INPUT)
1
13
12
12
13
3
5
SCK (CPOL = 0)
(INPUT)
4
2
5
SCK (CPOL = 1)
(INPUT)
4
8
MISO
(OUTPUT)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
6
MOSI
(INPUT)
BIT 6 - - - -1
MSB OUT
SLAVE
7
10
SEE
NOTE
SLAVE LSB OUT
11
11
BIT 6 - - - -1
MSB IN
9
LSB IN
Note: Not defined but normally MSB of character just received
Figure 9-13. SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 0)
SS
(INPUT)
1
12
13
5
SCK (CPOL = 0)
(INPUT)
4
2
3
5
SCK (CPOL = 1)
(INPUT)
8
MISO
(OUTPUT)
4
10
SEE
NOTE
SLAVE
MSB OUT
6
MOSI
(INPUT)
7
MSB IN
13
BIT 6 - - - -1
10
12
9
SLAVE LSB OUT
11
BIT 6 - - - -1
LSB IN
Note: Not defined but normally LSB of character previously transmitted
Figure 9-14. SPI Slave Timing (CPHA = 1)
Data Sheet
132
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Electrical Characteristics
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Section 10. Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
10.1 Introduction
This section provides ordering information for the MC68HC711D3. In addition,
mechanical specifications are provided for the following packaging options:
• 40-pin plastic dual in-line package (DIP)
• 44-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC)
•
44-pin plastic quad flat pack (QFP)
10.2 Ordering Information
Table 10-1. MC Order Numbers
MC Order Number
Package Type
Temperature
2 MHz
40-pin DIP
3 MHz
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC711D3CP2
MC68HC711D3CP3
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC711D3CFN2
MC68HC711D3CFN3
–40 to +105°C
MC68HC711D3VFN2
MC68HC711D3VFN3
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC711D3CFB2
MC68HC711D3CFB3
44-pin PLCC
44-pin QFP
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
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133
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
10.3 40-Pin DIP (Case 711-03)
40
NOTES:
1. POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D),
SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 (0.010) AT MAXIMUM
MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO
SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER.
2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN
FORMED PARALLEL.
3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH.
21
B
1
20
L
A
C
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
N
J
H
G
F
D
K
SEATING
PLANE
M
DIM
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
Data Sheet
134
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
51.69
52.45
13.72
14.22
3.94
5.08
0.36
0.56
1.02
1.52
2.54 BSC
1.65
2.16
0.20
0.38
2.92
3.43
15.24 BSC
0°
15°
0.51
1.02
INCHES
MIN
MAX
2.035
2.065
0.540
0.560
0.155
0.200
0.014
0.022
0.040
0.060
0.100 BSC
0.065
0.085
0.008
0.015
0.115
0.135
0.600 BSC
0°
15°
0.020
0.040
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
44-Pin PLCC (Case 777-02)
10.4 44-Pin PLCC (Case 777-02)
-N-
Y BRK
0.007(0.180) M T
B
D
L-M S
0.007(0.180) M T
U
N S
L-M S
N S
Z
-M-
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
-L-
V
44
W
1
G1
X
D
0.010 (0.25) S T
VIEW D-D
A
0.007(0.180) M T
L-M S
N S
R
0.007(0.180) M T
L-M S
N S
0.007(0.180) M T
H
L-M S
L-M S
N S
N S
Z
J
K1
E
0.004 (0.10)
G
C
-TG1
0.010 (0.25) S T
L-M S
N S
K
SEATING
PLANE
F
VIEW S
0.007(0.180) M T
L-M S
N S
VIEW S
NOTES:
1. DATUMS -L-, -M-, AND -N- ARE DETERMINED
WHERE TOP OF LEAD SHOLDERS EXITS
PLASTIC BODY AT MOLD PARTING LINE.
2. DIMENSION G1, TRUE POSITION TO BE
MEASURED AT DATUM -T-, SEATING PLANE.
3. DIMENSION R AND U DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
FLASH. ALLOWABLE MOLD FLASH IS 0.010
(0.25) PER SIDE.
4. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
5. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.
6. THE PACKAGE TOP MAY BE SMALLER THAN
THE PACKAGE BOTTOM BY UP TO 0.012
(0.300). DIMENSIONS R AND U ARE DETERMINED
AT THE OUTERMOST EXTREMES OF THE
PLASTIC BODY EXCLUSIVE OF THE MOLD
FLASH, TIE BAR BURRS, GATE BURRS AND
INTERLEAD FLASH, BUT INCLUDING ANY
MISMATCH BETWEEN THE TOP AND BOTTOM
OF THE PLASTIC BODY.
7. DIMINSION H DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION OR INTRUSION. THE DAMBAR
PROTUSION(S) SHALL NOT CAUSE THE H
DIMINSION TO BE GREATER THAN 0.037
(0.940136). THE DAMBAR INTRUSION(S) SHALL
NOT CAUSE THE H DIMINISION TO SMALLER
THAN 0.025 (0.635).
INCHES
DIM
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
J
K
R
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
G1
K1
MIN
MAX
0.685
0.695
0.685
0.695
0.165
0.180
0.090
0.110
0.013
0.019
0.050 BSC
0.026
0.032
0.020
0.025
0.650
0.656
0.650
0.656
0.042
0.048
0.042
0.048
0.042
0.056
0.020
2°
10°
0.610
0.630
0.040
MILLIMETERS
MIN
MAX
17.40
17.65
17.40
17.65
4.20
4.57
2.29
2.79
0.33
0.48
1.27 BSC
0.66
0.81
0.51
0.64
16.51
16.66
16.51
16.66
1.07
1.21
1.07
1.21
1.07
1.42
0.50
2°
10°
15.50
16.00
1.02
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
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135
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
10.5 44-Pin QFP (Case 824A-01)
B
L
B
33
23
22
S
D
S
V
H A-B
S
S
C A-B
0.20 (0.008)
DETAIL A
DETAIL A
F
BASE METAL
M
B
0.20 (0.008)
M
-B-
0.05 (0.002) A-B
-A-
D
-A-, -B-, -D-
L
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
34
J
N
D
44
0.20 (0.008)
12
1
11
A
M
C A-B
S
D
S
S
D
S
0.05 (0.002) A-B
S
0.20 (0.008)
M
H A-B
M
DETAIL C
C E
-H-
-CSEATING
PLANE
DATUM
PLANE
0.01 (0.004)
H
G
M
T
R
K
W
Q
X
DETAIL C
Data Sheet
136
S
D
S
NOTES:
1. 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI
Y14.5M, 1982.
2. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.
3. 3. DATUM PLANE -H- IS LOCATED AT BOTTOM OF
LEAD AND IS COINCIDENT WITH THE LEAD WHERE
THE LEAD EXITS THE PLASTIC BODY AT THE
BOTTOM OF THE PARTING LINE.
4. 4. DATUMS -A-, -B- AND -D- TO BE DETERMINED AT
DATUM PLANE -H-.
5. 5. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT
SEATING PLANE -C-.
6. 6. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25
(0.010) PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO
INCLUDE MOLD MISMATCH AND ARE DETERMINED
AT DATUM PLANE -H-.
7. 7. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR
PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION
SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D
DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER
RADIUS OR THE FOOT.
M
DATUM
PLANE -H-
C A-B
SECTION B-B
-D0.20 (0.008)
M
MILLIMETERS
DIM MIN
MAX
A
9.90 10.10
B
9.90 10.10
C
2.10
2.45
D
0.30
0.45
E
2.00
2.10
F
0.30
0.40
G
0.80 BSC
H
--0.25
J
0.13
0.23
K
0.65
0.95
L
8.00 REF
M
5°
10 °
N
0.13
0.17
Q
0°
7°
R
0.13
0.30
S 12.95 13.45
T
0.13
--U
0°
--V 12.95 13.45
W
0.40
--X
1.6 REF
INCHES
MIN MAX
0.390 0.398
0.390 0.398
0.083 0.096
0.012 0.018
0.079 0.083
0.012 0.016
0.031 BSC
--- 0.010
0.005 0.009
0.026 0.037
0.315 REF
5°
10 °
0.005 0.007
0°
7°
0.005 0.012
0.510 0.530
0.005
--0°
--0.510 0.530
0.016
--0.063 REF
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
Ordering Information and Mechanical Specifications
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Appendix A. MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
A.1 Introduction
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
The MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 are read-only memory (ROM) based
high-performance microcontrollers (MCU) based on the MC68HC11E9 design.
Members of the Dx series are derived from the same mask and feature a
high-speed multiplexed bus capable of running at up to 3 MHz and a fully static
design that allows operations at frequencies to dc. The only difference between the
MCUs in the Dx series is whether the ROM has been tested and guaranteed.
The information contained in this document applies to both the MC68HC11D3 and
MC68HC11D0 with the differences given in this appendix.
Features of the MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 include:
• 4 Kbytes of on-chip ROM (MC68HC11D3)
•
•
•
•
•
0 bytes of on-chip ROM (MC68HC11D0)
192 bytes of on-chip random-access memory (RAM) all saved during
standby
16-bit timer system:
– Three input capture (IC) channels
– Four output compare (OC) channels
– One IC or OC software-selectable channel
32 input/output (I/O) pins:
– 26 bidirectional I/O pins
– 3 input-only pins
– 3 output-only pins
Available in these packages:
– 44-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC)
– 44-pin quad flat pack (QFP)
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
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137
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
A.2 Block Diagram
MODA/LIR
MODB/VSTBY
RESET
IRQ
XIRQ
XTAL EXTAL
E
OSCILLATOR
MODE CONTROL
COP
PAI/OC1 PULSE ACCUMULATOR
OC2/OC1
OC3/OC1
OC4/OC1
TIMER
IC4/OC5/OC1
IC1
IC2
IC3
PERIODIC INTERRUPT
PORT A
MC68HC11D3 — 4 KBYTES ROM
MC68HC11D0 — 0 BYTES ROM
192 BYTES RAM
MC68HC11D3
CPU CORE
VSS
EVSS
MOSI
MISO
VDD
SERIAL
COMMUNICATIONS
INTERFACE
(SCI)
SCK
SERIAL
PERIPHERAL
INTERFACE
(SPI)
SS
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
PA7
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PA1
PA0
CLOCK LOGIC
INTERRUPT CONTROL
TxD
RxD
A0/D0
A1/D1
A2/D2
A3/D3
A4/D4
A5/D5
A6/D6
A7/D7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
MULTIPLEXED ADDRESS/DATA BUS
PD0
PD1
PD2
PORT D
PD3
PORT C
PD4
PORT B
PD5
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER D
PD6/AS
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER C
PD7/R/W
DATA DIRECTION REGISTER B
Figure A-1. MC68HC11D3 Block Diagram
Data Sheet
138
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
E
MODA/LIR
MODB/VSTBY
42
41
40
VSS
2
EXTAL
PC0
3
XTAL
PC1
4
43
PC2
5
EVSS
PC3
6
44
39
PB0/A8
7
PC5/A5/D5
8
38
PB1/A9
PC6/A6/D6
9
37
PB2/A10
PC7/A7/D7
10
36
PB3/A11
XIRQ
11
35
PB4/A12
PD7/R/W
12
34
PB5/A13
PD6/AS
13
33
PB6/A14
RESET
14
32
PB7
IRQ
15
31
NC
PD0/RxD
16
30
PA0/IC3
PD1/TxD
17
29
PA1/IC2
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
PD3/MOSI
PD4/SCK
PD5/SS
VDD
PA7/PAI
PA6/OC2
PA5/OC3
PA4/OC4
PA3/IC4/OC5/OC1
PA2/IC1
1
PC4/A4/D4
PD2/MISO
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
A.3 Pin Assignments
38
MODB
39
34
XTAL
40
MODA
VSS
41
35
EVSS
42
PC6
E
PC0
43
2
36
PC1
1
PC5
EXTAL
PC2
PC4
37
PC3
Figure A-2. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin PLCC
PB0
PD6
7
27
PB6
RESET
8
26
PB7
IRQ
9
25
NC
PD0
10
24
PA0
17
18
19
20
21
23
PA1
PA6
PA5
PA4
PA3
PA2
PB5
PA7
28
16
PD7
VDD
PB4
6
15
29
PD5
PB3
5
14
30
XIRQ
PD4
4
13
PC7
PD3
31
PB2
12
PB1
3
PD2
32
PD1
Figure A-3. Pin Assignments for 44-Pin QFP
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
For More Information On This Product,
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139
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
A.4 Memory Map
$0000
$0000 INTERNAL REGISTERS AND I/O
(CAN BE MAPPED TO ANY 4-K BOUNDARY
$003F USING INIT REGISTER)
$0040 192 BYTES STATIC RAM
(CAN BE MAPPED TO ANY 4-K BOUNDARY
$00FF USING THE INIT REGISTER)
$7000 4 KBYTES ROM (MC68HC11D3)
PRESENT AT RESET AND CAN BE DISABLED BY
$7FFF ROM ON BIT IN CONFIG REGISTER.
INTERRUPT VECTORS ARE EXTERNAL.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
$7000
$8000
EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL
$B000
$BF00
BOOT
ROM
$BFFF
$FF00
4-KBYTES
ROM
$FFFF
SINGLE
CHIP
EXPANDED
SPECIAL
MULTIPLEXED BOOTSTRAP
SPECIAL
TEST
$FFFF
$BFC0
SPECIAL MODES
INTERRUPT
$BFFF VECTORS
$FFC0
NORMAL MODES
INTERRUPT
$FFFF VECTORS
Figure A-4. MC68HC11Dx(1) Memory Map
A.5 MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 Electrical Characteristics
The parameters given in Section 9. Electrical Characteristics apply to the
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0 with the exceptions given here.
A.5.1 Functional Operating Temperature Range
Rating
Operating temperature range
MC68HC11D0C
Symbol
Value
Unit
TA
TL to TH
–40 to +85
°C
Symbol
Value
Unit
ΘJA
50
85
°C/W
A.5.2 Thermal Characteristics
Characteristic
Package thermal resistance (junction-to-ambient)
44-pin plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC)
44-pin plastic quad flat pack (QFP
1. MC68HC11D0 only operates in expanded multiplexed mode and bootstrap mode.
Data Sheet
140
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
A.6 Ordering Information
MC Order Number
MCU
MC68HC11D3
(Custom ROM)
Temperature
2 MHz
3 MHz
44-pin PLCC
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC11D3CFN2
MC68HC11D3CFN3
44-pin PLCC
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC11D0CFN2
MC68HC11D0CFN3
44-pin QFP
–40 to +85°C
MC68HC11D0CFB2
MC68HC11D0CFB3
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
MC68HC11D0
(No ROM)
Package
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
For More Information On This Product,
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141
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
Data Sheet
142
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Data Sheet — MC68HC711D3
Appendix B. MC68L11D0
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
B.1 Introduction
The MC68L11D0 is an extended-voltage version of the MC68HC11D0
microcontroller that can operate in applications that require supply voltages as low
as 3.0 volts. Operation is identical to that of the MC68HC11D0 (see Appendix A.
MC68HC11D3 and MC68HC11D0) in all aspects other than electrical parameters,
as shown in this appendix.
Features of the MC68HC11D0 include:
•
Suitable for battery-powered portable and hand-held applications
•
Excellent for use in devices such as remote sensors and actuators
•
Operating performance is same at 5 V and 3 V
B.2 MC68L11D0 Electrical Characteristics
The parameters given in Section 9. Electrical Characteristics apply to the
MC68L11D0 with the exceptions given here.
B.2.1 Functional Operating Temperature Range
Rating
Operating temperature range
Symbol
Value
Unit
TA
TL to TH
–20 to +70
°C
B.2.2 DC Electrical Characteristics
Characteristic(1)
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
All outputs except XTAL
All outputs except XTAL, RESET, and MODA
VOL
VOH
—
VDD – 0.1
0.1
—
V
All outputs except XTAL, RESET, and MODA
Output high voltage(1)
ILoad = – 0.5 mA, VDD = 3.0 V
ILoad = – 0.8 mA, VDD = 4.5 V
VOH
VDD – 0.8
—
V
Output low voltage
ILoad = 1.6 mA, VDD = 5.0 V
ILoad = 1.0 mA, VDD = 3.0 V
VOL
—
0.4
V
Output voltage(2)
ILoad = ± 10.0 µA
All outputs except XTAL
The dc electrical table continues on next page.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68L11D0
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143
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68L11D0
Characteristic(1)
Input high voltage
RESET
All inputs except RESET
Input low voltage All inputs
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
I/O ports, three-state leakage
VIn = VIH or VIL
PA7, PA3, PC7–PC0,
PD7–PD0, MODA/LIR, RESET
Symbol
Min
Max
Unit
VIH
0.7 x VDD
0.8 x VDD
VDD + 0.3
VDD + 0.3
V
VIL
VSS – 0.3
0.2 x VDD
V
IOZ
—
±10
µA
IIn
—
—
±1
±10
µA
Input leakage current
VIn = VDD or VSS
VIn = VDD or VSS
PA2–PA0, IRQ, XIRQ
MODB/VSTBY
RAM standby voltage
Power down
VSB
2.0
VDD
V
RAM standby current
Power down
ISB
—
10
µA
Input capacitance
PA2–PA0, IRQ, XIRQ, EXTAL
PA3, PA7, PC7–PC0, PD7–PD0, MODA/LIR, RESET
CIn
—
—
8
12
pF
CL
—
—
90
100
pF
Output load capacitance
All outputs except PD4–PD1
PD4–PD1
Total supply current(3)
RUN:
Single-chip mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
Expanded multiplexed mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
WAIT — All peripheral functions shut down:
Single-chip mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
Expanded multiplexed mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
STOP — No clocks, single-chip mode:
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
IDD
mA
8
4
15
8
14
7
27
14
WIDD
mA
3
1.5
6
3
5
2.5
10
5
50
25
50
25
44
12
85
24
77
21
150
42
µA
SIDD
Power dissipation
Single-chip mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
Expanded multiplexed mode
VDD = 5.5 V
VDD = 3.0 V
PD
mW
1. VDD = 3.0 Vdc to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH, unless otherwise noted.
2. VOH specification for RESET and MODA is not applicable because they are open-drain pins. VOH specification is not
applicable to ports C and D in wired-OR mode.
3. EXTAL is driven with a square wave, and
tcyc = 1000 ns for 1 MHz rating;
tcyc = 500 ns for 2 MHz rating;
VIL ≤ 0.2 V;
VIH ≥ VDD – 0.2 V;
No dc loads
Data Sheet
144
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68L11D0
For More Information On This Product,
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68L11D0
B.2.3 Control Timing
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Characteristic(1)
1.0 MHz
Symbol
2.0 MHz
Min
Max
Min
Max
Unit
Frequency of operation
fO
dc
1.0
dc
2.0
MHz
E-clock period
tcyc
1000
—
500
—
ns
Crystal frequency
fXTAL
—
4.0
—
8.0
MHz
External oscillator frequency
4 fO
dc
4.0
dc
8.0
MHz
Processor control setup time
tPCSU = 1/4 tcyc + 50 ns
tPCSU
325
—
200
—
ns
PWRSTL
8
1
—
—
8
1
—
—
tcyc
PWIRQ
1020
—
520
—
ns
tWRS
—
4
—
4
tcyc
PWTIM
1020
—
520
—
ns
Reset input pulse width(2)
To guarantee external reset vector
Minimum input time can be preempted by internal reset
Interrupt pulse width, PWIRQ = tcyc + 20 ns
IRQ edge-sensitive mode
Wait recovery startup time
Timer pulse width PWTIM = tcyc + 20 ns
Input capture pulse accumulator input
1. VDD = 3.0 Vdc to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Reset is recognized during the first clock cycle it is held low. Internal circuitry then drives the pin low for four clock cycles,
releases the pin, and samples the pin level two cycles later to determine the source of the interrupt. Refer to Section 4.
Resets, Interrupts, and Low-Power Modes for further details.
B.2.4 Peripheral Port Timing
Characteristic(1)
Symbol
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
Min
Max
Min
Max
Unit
Frequency of operation (E-clock frequency)
fO
dc
1.0
dc
2.0
MHz
E-clock period
tcyc
1000
—
500
—
ns
Peripheral data setup time(2)
MCU read of ports A, B, C, and D
tPDSU
100
—
100
—
ns
Peripheral data hold time(2)
MCU read of ports A, B, C, and D
tPDH
50
—
50
—
ns
Delay time, peripheral data write
MCU write to port A
MCU writes to ports B, C, and D
tPWD = 1/4 tcyc + 150 ns
tPWD
—
200
—
200
—
350
—
225
ns
1. VDD = 3.0 Vd to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Port C and D timing is valid for active drive (CWOM and DWOM bits not set in PIOC and SPCR registers respectively).
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68L11D0
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145
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68L11D0
B.2.5 Expansion Bus Timing
Characteristic(1)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Num
Symbol
1.0 MHz
2.0 MHz
Min
Max
Min
Max
Unit
Frequency of operation (E-clock frequency)
fO
dc
1.0
dc
2.0
MHz
1
Cycle time
tcyc
1000
—
500
—
ns
2
Pulse width, E low, PWEL = 1/2 tcyc — 23 ns
PWEL
475
—
225
—
ns
3
Pulse width, E high, PWEH = 1/2 tcyc – 28 ns
PWEH
470
—
220
—
ns
4A
E and AS rise time
tr
—
25
—
25
ns
4B
E and AS fall time
tf
—
25
—
25
ns
9
Address hold time(2)a, tAH = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns
tAH
95
—
33
—
ns
12
Non-muxed address valid time to E rise
tAV = PWEL – (tASD + 80 ns)(2)a
tAV
275
—
88
—
ns
17
Read data setup time
tDSR
30
—
30
—
ns
18
Read data hold time (max = tMAD)
tDHR
0
150
0
88
ns
tDDW
—
195
—
133
ns
ns(2)a
19
Write data delay time, tDDW = 1/8 tcyc + 65.5
21
Write data hold time, tDHW = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns(2)a
tDHW
95
—
33
—
ns
22
Muxed address valid time to E rise
tAVM = PWEL – (tASD + 90 ns)(2)a
tAVM
265
—
78
—
ns
24
Muxed address valid time to AS fall
tASL = PWASH – 70 ns
tASL
150
—
25
—
ns
25
Muxed address hold time, tAHL = 1/8 tcyc – 29.5 ns(2)b
tAHL
95
—
33
—
ns
26
Delay time, E to AS rise, tASD = 1/8 tcyc – 9.5 ns(2)a
tASD
120
—
58
—
ns
27
Pulse width, AS high, PWASH = 1/4 tcyc – 29 ns
PWASH
220
—
95
—
ns
28
Delay time, AS to E rise, tASED = 1/8 tcyc – 9.5 ns(2)b
tASED
120
—
58
—
ns
29
MPU address access time(2)a
tACCA = tcyc – (PWEL– tAVM) – tDSR – tf
tACCA
735
—
298
—
ns
35
MPU access time , tACCE = PWEH – tDSR
tACCE
—
440
—
190
ns
36
Muxed address delay (previous cycle MPU read)
tMAD = tASD + 30 ns(2)a
tMAD
150
—
88
—
ns
1. VDD = 3.0 Vdc to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Input clocks with duty cycles other than 50% affect bus performance. Timing parameters affected by input clock duty cycle
are identified by (a) and (b). To recalculate the approximate bus timing values, substitute the following expressions in place
of 1/8 tCYC in the above formulas, where applicable:
(a) (1-dc) × 1/4 tCYC
(b) dc × 1/4 tCYC
Where:
DC is the decimal value of duty cycle percentage (high time).
Data Sheet
146
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68L11D0
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MOTOROLA
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68L11D0
B.2.6 Serial Peripheral Interface Timing
Characteristic(1)
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Num
Symbol
1.0 MHz
Min
Max
2.0 MHz
Min
Max
Unit
Operating frequency
Master
Slave
fop(m)
fop(s)
dc
dc
0.5
1.0
dc
dc
0.5
2.0
fop
MHz
1
Cycle time
Master
Slave
tcyc(m)
tCYC(s)
2.0
1000
—
—
2.0
500
—
—
tcyc
ns
2
Enable lead time
Master(2)
Slave
tlead(m)
tlead(s)
—
500
—
—
—
250
—
—
ns
3
Enable lag time
Master(2)
Slave
tlag(m)
tlag(s)
—
500
—
—
—
250
—
—
ns
4
Clock (SCK) high time
Master
Slave
tw(SCKH)m
tw(SCKH)s
680
380
—
—
340
190
—
—
ns
5
Clock (SCK) low time
Master
Slave
tw(SCKL)m
tw(SCKL)s
680
380
—
—
340
190
—
—
ns
6
Data setup time (inputs)
Master
Slave
tsu(m)
tsu(s)
100
100
—
—
100
100
—
—
ns
7
Data hold time (inputs)
Master
Slave
th(m)
th(s)
100
100
—
—
100
100
—
—
ns
8
Access time (time to data active from high-impedance state)
Slave
ta
0
120
0
120
ns
9
Disable time (hold time to high-impedance state)
Slave
tdis
—
240
—
240
ns
10
Data valid (after enable edge)(3)
tv(s)
—
240
—
240
ns
11
Data hold time (outputs) (after enable edge)
tho
0
—
0
—
ns
12
Rise time (20% VDD to 70% VDD, CL = 200 pF)
SPI outputs (SCK, MOSI, and MISO)
SPI inputs (SCK, MOSI, MISO, and SS)
trm
trs
—
—
100
2.0
—
—
100
2.0
ns
µs
13
Fall time (70% VDD to 20% VDD, CL = 200 pF)
SPI outputs (SCK, MOSI, and MISO)
SPI inputs (SCK, MOSI, MISO, and SS)
tfm
tfs
—
—
100
2.0
—
—
100
2.0
ns
µs
1. VDD = 3.0 Vdc to 5.5 Vdc, VSS = 0 Vdc, TA = TL to TH. All timing is shown with respect to 20% VDD and 70% VDD, unless
otherwise noted.
2. Signal production depends on software.
3. Assumes 100 pF load on all SPI pins.
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MOTOROLA
Data Sheet
MC68L11D0
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147
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MC68L11D0
B.3 Ordering Information
Frequency
Features
MC Order Number
44-pin PLCC
2 MHz
No ROM
MC68L11D0FN2
44-pin QFP
2 MHz
No ROM
MC68L11D0FB2
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
Package
Data Sheet
148
MC68HC711D3 — Rev. 2
MC68L11D0
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
HOW TO REACH US:
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P.O. Box 5405
Denver, Colorado 80217
1-800-521-6274 or 480-768-2130
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc...
JAPAN:
Motorola Japan Ltd.
SPS, Technical Information Center
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852-26668334
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© Motorola Inc. 2003
MC68HC711D3/D
Rev. 2
9/2003
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