GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS Wide range of Fixed Output Voltages Output Current up to 100 mA No External Components Required Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current-Limiting Available in TO-92, SOT-89 and SOP-8 packages PIN CONFIGURATIONS TO-92 (TOP VIEW) The GM78L00 series of positive voltage regulators are low-cost devices providing a simple solution for a wide variety of applications requiring a regulated supply of up to 100mA. These virtually indestructible positive voltage regulators are protected by thermal shutdown and internal current-limiting. Most applications require no external components. The GM78L00’s are very versatile. Use them as fixed voltage regulators in a wide range of applications, including local on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. They can also be used with power pass elements to make high current voltage regulators. The GM78L00’s offer impressive performance advantages over oldfashioned zener diode-resistor combinations, providing lower output impedance and reduced quiescent current, along with lower noise. 3 1 INPUT 2 GROUND 3 OUTPUT SOT-89 (Top View) 1 2 VOUT GND 3 VIN SOP-8 (TOP VIEW) V OUT 1 8 V IN GND 2 7 GND 3 6 GND GND NC 4 5 NC REPRESENTATIVE BLOCK DIAGRAM INPUT Q5 Q3 Q11 15k Q12 Q10 Q1 5.0k 3.0k OUTPUT 0-25k 3.8k Q4 Q6 2.2k 1.2k Z1 Q2 420 Q9 C 1.9k 2.85k Q8 Q7 1.0k GROUND Revision 1, May 2002 1 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L05 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=10V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 4.8 5.0 5.2 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 7V ≤ VI ≤ 20V 32 150 TJ=25°C, 8V ≤ VI ≤ 20V 26 100 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 11 60 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 5 30 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 7V ≤ VI ≤ 20V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 4.75 5 5.25 7V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 4.75 5 5.25 3.8 6.0 TJ=25°C (with Line) 8V ≤ V I ≤ 2 0 V 1.5 (with Load) 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 8V ≤ VI ≤ 18V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C 41 mV mV V mA mA 42 µV 49 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L06 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=11V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 5.75 6.0 6.25 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 8.0V ≤ VI ≤ 20V 35 175 TJ=25°C, 9.0V ≤ VI ≤ 20V 29 125 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 16 80 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 9 40 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 8V ≤ VI ≤ 20V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 5.7 6 6.3 8V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 5.7 6 6.3 3.9 6.0 TJ=25°C (with Line) 9V ≤ V I ≤ 2 0 V 1.5 (with Load) 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 9V ≤ VI ≤ 19V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C 40 mV mV V mA mA 46 µV 48 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. Revision 1, May 2002 2 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L08 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=14V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 7.7 8.0 8.3 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 11V ≤ VI ≤ 23V 42 175 TJ=25°C, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 23V 36 125 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 18 80 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 10 40 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ 11V ≤ VI ≤ 23V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 7.6 8 8.4 11V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 7.6 8 8.4 4 6 TJ=25°C (with Line) (with Load) 12V ≤ V I ≤ 2 3 V 1.5 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 22V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C Noise 37 mV mV V mA mA 54 µV 46 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L09 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=16V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 8.6 9.0 9.4 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 24V 45 175 TJ=25°C, 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V 40 125 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 19 90 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 11 40 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 12V ≤ VI ≤ 24V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 8.55 9.0 9.45 12V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 8.55 9.0 9.45 4.1 6.0 TJ=25°C (with Line) 13V ≤ V I ≤ 2 4 V 1.5 (with Load) 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 15V ≤ VI ≤ 25V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C 38 mV mV V mA mA 58 µV 45 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. Revision 1, May 2002 3 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L10 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=17V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 9.6 10 10.4 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V 51 175 TJ=25°C, 14V ≤ VI ≤ 24V 42 125 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 22 100 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 13 50 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 9.5 10 10.5 13V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 9.5 10 10.5 4.3 6.5 TJ=25°C (with Line) 14V ≤ V I ≤ 2 4 V 1.5 (with Load) 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 16V ≤ VI ≤ 27V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C 37 mV mV V mA mA 62 µV 44 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L12 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=19V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 11.5 12.0 12.5 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ 27V 55 250 TJ=25°C, 16V ≤ VI ≤ 27V 49 200 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 22 100 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 13 50 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ 27V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 11.4 12 12.6 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 11.4 12 12.6 4.3 6.5 TJ=25°C (with Line) 16V ≤ V I ≤ 2 7 V 1.5 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 15V ≤ VI ≤ 25V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C (with Load) 37 mV mV V mA mA 70 µV 42 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. Revision 1, May 2002 4 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L15 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=23V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT TJ=25°C 14.4 V 15.0 15.6 TJ=25°C, 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V 65 300 TJ=25°C, 20V ≤ VI ≤ 30V 58 250 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 25 150 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 15 75 VO Line Regulation VR LINE Load Regulation VR LOAD Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 14.25 15 15.75 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 14.25 15 15.75 4.7 6.5 TJ=25°C (with Line) 20V ≤ V I ≤ 3 0 V 1.5 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,18.5V ≤ VI ≤ 28.5V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C (with Load) 34 mV mV V mA mA 82 µV 39 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L18 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=26V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Output Voltage VO TJ=25°C 17.3 18.0 18.7 V Line Regulation VR LINE TJ=25°C, 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ 33V 70 360 TJ=25°C, 22V ≤ VI ≤ 33V 64 300 Load Regulation VR LOAD TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 27 180 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 19 90 Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 17.1 18 18.9 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 17.1 18 18.9 4.7 6.5 TJ=25°C (with Line) 22V ≤ V I ≤ 3 3 V 1.5 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,,21.5V ≤ VI ≤ 31.5V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C (with Load) 32 mV mV V mA mA 89 µV 36 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. Revision 1, May 2002 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L24 TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=32V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1) CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage SYMBOL TEST CONDITIONS MIN TJ=25°C 23 VR LINE Load Regulation VR LOAD Output Voltage (Note 2) VO Quiscent Current IQ MAX UNIT V 24 25 TJ=25°C, 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ 39V 95 480 TJ=25°C, 29V ≤ VI ≤ 39V 78 400 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA 41 240 TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 28 120 VO Line Regulation TYP 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ 39V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 22.8 24 25.2 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA 22.8 24 25.2 4.8 6.5 TJ=25°C (with Line) 22V ≤ V I ≤ 3 3 V 1.5 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 0.1 Quiscent Current Change ∆IQ Noise NO TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz Ripple Rejection ∆VI /∆VO TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,,27.5V ≤ VI ≤ 37.5V Dropout Voltage V DO TJ=25°C (with Load) 30 mV mV V mA mA 97 µV 33 dB 1.7 V Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER SYMBOL VALUE UNITS Input Voltage (5.0 to 15V) VI 35 V Power Dissipation PD internally limited W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ 0 to +125 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg -65 to +150 °C Lead Temperature (soldering 10sec.) TL 265 °C Revision 1, May 2002 5 www.gammamicro.com GM78L00 PRELIMINARY 100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS APPLICATION INFORMATION Design Considerations The total thermal resistance in this model is then: The GM78L series regulators have thermal overload protection from excessive power, internal short-circuit protection which limits each circuit’s maximum current, and output transistor safe-area protection for reducing the output current as the voltage across each pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is limited, the junction temperature must be kept below the maximum specified temperature (125°C) in order to meet data sheet specifications. θJA = ( θJA + θCA) ( θJL + θLA) θJA + θCA + θJL + θLA Where: θJC = thermal resistance of the case between the regulator die and a point on the case directly above the die location. θCA = thermal resistance between the case and air at ambient temperature. θJL = thermal resistance from regulator die through the input lead to a point 1/16 inch below the regulator case. θLA = total thermal resistance of the input/output ground leads to ambient temperature. θJA = junction to ambient thermal resistance. Thermal Considerations The TO-92 molded package is capable of unusually high power dissipation due to the lead frame design. However, its thermal capabilities are generally overlooked because of a lack of understanding of the thermal paths from the semiconductor junction to ambient temperature. While thermal resistance is normally specified for the device mounted 1 cm above an infinite heat sink, very little has been mentioned of the options available to improve on the conservatively rated thermal capability. An explanation of the thermal paths of the TO-92 will allow the designer to determine the thermal stress he is applying in any given application. FIGURE 1. TO-92 Thermal Equivalent Circuit TJ θJC The TO-92 Package θJL PE (W) The TO-92 package thermal paths are complex. In addition to the path through the molding compound to ambient temperature, there is another path through the leads, in parallel with the case path, to ambient temperature, as shown in Figure 1. θCA θLA TA ORDERING INFORMATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE GM78L00 Revision 1, May 2002 PACKAGE TO-92 SOT-89 SOP 8 5V GM78L05-T92 GM78L05-ST89 GM78L05-S8 6V GM78L06-T92 GM78L06-ST89 GM78L06-S8 8V GM78L08-T92 GM78L08-ST89 GM78L08-S8 9V GM78L09-T92 GM78L09-ST89 GM78L09-S8 10V GM78L10-T92 GM78L10-ST89 GM78L10-S8 12V GM78L12-T92 GM78L12-ST89 GM78L12-S8 15V GM78L15-T92 GM78L15-ST89 GM78L15-S8 18V GM78L18-T92 GM78L18-ST89 GM78L18-S8 24V GM78L24-T92 GM78L24-ST89 GM78L24-S8 6 www.gammamicro.com