Intersil ISL98003CNZ-EVALZ 8-bit video analog front end (afe) with measurement and auto-adjust feature Datasheet

ISL98003
®
Data Sheet
September 25, 2008
8-Bit Video Analog Front End (AFE) with
Measurement and Auto-Adjust Features
FN6760.0
Features
The ISL98003 3-channel, 8-bit Analog Front End (AFE)
contains all the functionality needed to digitize analog YPbPr
video from HDTV tuners, set-top boxes, SD and HD DVDs,
as well as RGB graphics signals from personal computers
and workstations. The fourth generation analog design
delivers 8-bit performance and a 165MSPS maximum
conversion rate supporting resolutions up to UXGA at 60Hz.
The front end's programmable input bandwidth ensures
sharp, low noise images at all resolutions.
To accelerate and simplify mode detection, the ISL98003
integrates a sophisticated set of measurement tools that fully
characterizes the video signal and timing, offloading the host
microcontroller. Automatic Black Level Compensation
(ABLC™) eliminates part-to-part offset variation, ensuring
perfect black level performance in every application.
The ISL98003's Digital PLL generates a pixel clock from the
analog source's HSYNC or SOG (Sync-On-Green) signals.
Pixel clock output frequencies range from 10MHz to 165MHz
with sampling clock jitter of 250ps peak-to-peak.
• 8-Bit Triple Analog-to-Digital Converters with
Oversampling Up to 8x in Video Modes
• Fast Automatic Selection of Best Sampling Phase
• 165MSPS Maximum Conversion Rate
(ISL98003CNZ-165)
• Robust, Glitchless Macrovision™-Compliant Sync
Separator
• Analog VCR “Trick Mode” Support
• ABLC for Perfect Black Level Performance
• 2-Channel Input Multiplexer
• Precision Sync Timing Measurement
• RGB to YUV Color Space Converter
• Low PLL Clock Jitter (250ps Peak-to-Peak)
• Programmable Input Bandwidth (10MHz to 450MHz)
• 64 Interpixel Sampling Positions
• ±6dB Gain Adjustment Range
• Pb-Free (RoHS compliant)
Applications
Related Literature
• Flat Panel TVs
Technical Brief TB363 “Guidelines for Handling and
Processing Moisture Sensitive Surface Mount Devices
(SMDs)”.
• Front/Rear Projection TVs
• PC LCD Monitors and Projectors
• High Quality Scan Converters
• Video/Graphics Processing
Simplified Block Diagram
VOLTAGE
CLAMP
RGB/YPbPrIN0
RGB/YPbPrIN1
OFFSET
DAC
ABLC™
3
PGA
3
8-BIT ADC
+
COLOR SPACE
CONVERTER
8
X3
2
RGB/YUVOUT
H/VSYNCOUT
FIELDOUT
DEOUT
SOGIN0, 1
HSYNCIN0, 1
HSOUT
SYNC
PROCESSING
DIGITAL PLL
PIXELCLKOUT
VSYNCIN0, 1
MEASUREMENT, AUTOADJUST, AFE CONFIGURATION AND CONTROL
1
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc.
Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2008. All Rights Reserved
All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners.
ISL98003
Ordering Information
PART NUMBER/PART MARKING
(Note)
TEMP. RANGE
(°C)
PACKAGE
(Pb-Free)
PKG.
DWG.#
ISL98003INZ-110
-40 to +85
80 Ld EPTQFP
Q80.12x12
ISL98003CNZ-110
0 to +70
80 Ld EPTQFP
Q80.12x12
ISL98003CNZ-150
0 to +70
80 Ld EPTQFP
Q80.12x12
ISL98003CNZ-165
0 to +70
80 Ld EPTQFP
Q80.12x12
ISL98003CNZ-EVALZ
Evaluation Platform
NOTE: These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100%
matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil
Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020.
Block Diagram
VOLTAGE
CLAMP
RIN0
OFFSET
DAC
PGA
10
ABLC™
8-BIT ADC
+
8
8
8
8
R[7:0]
RIN1
PGA
10
ABLC™
8-BIT ADC
+
GIN1
VOLTAGE
CLAMP
BIN0
OFFSET
DAC
PGA
+
10
ABLC™
8-BIT ADC
BIN1
8
OUTPUT DATA FORMATTER
GIN0
OFFSET
DAC
COLOR SPACE CONVERTER
VOLTAGE
CLAMP
8
G[7:0]
B[7:0]
DATACLK
DATACLK
HSOUT
INT
CLAMPIN
EXTCLKIN
FBCIN
SOGIN0,1
HSYNCIN0,1
VSYNCIN0,1
MEASUREMENT, AUTOADJUST,
AFE CONFIGURATION AND
CONTROL
SYNC
PROCESSING
DE
FIELD
TESTOUT
HSYNCOUT
VSYNCOUT
CLOCKINVIN
COASTIN
XTALIN
DIGITAL PLL
XCLKOUT
XTALOUT
SCL
SDA
SERIAL
INTERFACE
RESET
2
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Thermal Information
3.3V Supply Voltage (VA3.3, VD3.3, VPLLA3.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6V
1.8V Supply Voltage (VA1.8, VD1.8, VADCD1.8). . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5V
Voltage on any Input Pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5V to 6V
Output Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ±20mA
ESD Rating
Human Body Model (Per MIL-STD-883 Method 3015.7) . . .3000V
Machine Model (Per EIAJ ED-4701 Method C-111) . . . . . . . .250V
Charged Device Model (Per EOS/ESD DS5.3, 4/14/93) . . .1200V
Thermal Resistance (Typical Notes 1, 2)
θJA (°C/W)
θJC (°C/W)
EPTQFP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
14
Maximum Power Dissipation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2W
Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +125°C
Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . .-65°C to +150°C
Pb-Free Reflow Profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below
http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp
Operating Conditions
Temperature Range
ISL98003INZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-40°C to +85°C
ISL98003CNZ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to +70°C
Supply Voltage Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3V ±10%, 1.8V ±10%
CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and
result in failures not covered by warranty.
NOTES:
1. θJA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with “direct attach” features. See
Tech Brief TB379.
2. For θJC, the “case temp” location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside.
Electrical Specifications
SYMBOL
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V,
pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165,
fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER
TEST LEVEL or NOTES
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
MAX
(Note 6)
UNITS
FULL CHANNEL CHARACTERISTICS
Conversion Rate
ISL98003-110
10
110
MHz
ISL98003-150
10
150
MHz
ISL98003-165
10
165
MHz
ADC Resolution
Missing Codes
DNL
(Full-Channel)
INL
(Full-Channel)
8
Bits
Guaranteed monotonic
Differential Non-Linearity
None
(Note 3)
ISL98003-110
-0.9
±0.3
+1.0
LSB
ISL98003-150
-0.9
±0.35
+1.0
LSB
ISL98003-165
-0.9
±0.4
+1.0
LSB
ISL98003-110
±0.5
±2.75
LSB
ISL98003-150
±0.6
±3.25
LSB
ISL98003-165
±0.7
±3.25
LSB
Integral Non-Linearity
(Note 3)
Gain Adjustment Range
±6
dB
Gain Adjustment Resolution
10
Bits
±2
%
Gain Matching Between
Channels
Percent of full scale
Full Channel Offset Error,
ABLC Enabled
ADC LSBs,
over time and temperature
3
±0.5
±1.0
LSB
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Electrical Specifications
SYMBOL
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V,
pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165,
fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
PARAMETER
Offset Adjustment Range
(ABLC Enabled or Disabled)
TEST LEVEL or NOTES
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
MAX
(Note 6)
±50%
(see “Automatic Black Level
Compensation (ABLC™) and Gain
Control” on page 21)
UNITS
ADC
Fullscale
ANALOG VIDEO INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (RIN0-1, GIN0-1, BIN0-1)
Input Range
0.35
Input Bias Current
DC-restore clamp off
Input Capacitance
0.7
1.4
VP-P
±0.01
±1
µA
5
pF
10 to 450
MHz
Sync Tip Clamp
600
mV
SOG Pull-Down
1
µA
0 to 0.3
V
5
pF
0.4 to 3.2
V
240
mV
±10
nA
5
pF
Full Power Bandwidth
Programmable
SOG INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SOGIN0-1)
VIH/VIL
Input Threshold Voltage
Programmable (see “Register Listing”
(Relative to Bottom of Sync Tip) on page 10)
Input Capacitance
HSYNC INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (HSYNCIN0-1)
VIH/VIL
I
CIN
Input Threshold Voltage
Programmable (see “Register Listing”
on page 10)
Hysteresis
Centered around threshold voltage
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (ALL DIGITAL INPUT PINS EXCEPT SCL, VSYNCIN0-1)
VIH
Input High Voltage
VIL
Input Low Voltage
I
CIN
Input Leakage Current
2.0
V
0.8
RESET has a 65kΩ pull-up to VD3.3
Input Capacitance
V
±10
nA
5
pF
SCHMITT DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SCL, VSYNCIN0-3)
VT +
Low to High Threshold Voltage
VT-
High to Low Threshold Voltage
I
CIN
1.45
V
0.95
Input Leakage Current
Input Capacitance
V
±10
nA
5
pF
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (ALL OUTPUT PINS EXCEPT INT AND SDA)
VOH
Output HIGH Voltage, IO = 8mA
VOL
Output LOW Voltage, IO = -8mA
2.4
V
0.4
V
0.4
V
0.4
V
3.6
V
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (INT)
VOL
Output LOW Voltage, IO = -8mA Open-drain, with 65kΩ pull-up to VD3.3
DIGITAL OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (SDA)
VOL
Output LOW Voltage, IO = -4mA Open-drain
POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS
VA3.3
Analog Supply Voltage, 3.3V
4
Includes VPLLA3.3
3.0
3.3
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Electrical Specifications
SYMBOL
Specifications apply for VA3.3 = VD3.3 = VPLLA3.3 = 3.3V, VA1.8 = VD1.8 = VPLLD1.8 = VADCD1.8 = 1.8V,
pixel rate = 110MHz for ISL98003-110, 150MHz for ISL98003-150 and 165MHz for ISL98003-165,
fXTAL = 25MHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified. (Continued)
PARAMETER
TEST LEVEL or NOTES
MIN
(Note 6)
TYP
MAX
(Note 6)
UNITS
VA1.8
Analog Supply Voltage, 1.8V
1.65
1.8
2.0
V
VD3.3
Digital Supply Voltage, 3.3V
3.0
3.3
3.6
V
VD1.8
Digital Supply Voltage, 1.8V
1.65
1.8
2.0
V
IA3.3
Analog Supply Current, 3.3V
(Note 4)
40
90
mA
14
25
mA
Includes VADCD1.8, VPLLD1.8
IPLLA3.3
IA1.8
Analog Supply Current, 1.8V
(Note 4)
Includes 1.8V ADC reference current
draw
280
375
mA
ID3.3
Digital Supply Current, 3.3V
(Note 4)
Grayscale ramp input
40
60
mA
ID1.8
Digital Supply Current, 1.8V
(Note 4)
Grayscale ramp input
65
95
mA
33
65
mA
1.8
10
mA
0.95
1.1
W
50
100
mW
250
450
ps p-p
IADCD1.8
IPLLD1.8
PD
Total Power Dissipation
Grayscale ramp input
Standby Mode
AC TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
PLL Jitter (Note 5)
Sampling Phase Steps
5.6° per step
64
Sampling Phase Tempco
Sampling Phase
Differential Nonlinearity
Degrees out-of-phase +360°
±1
ps/°C
±3
°
HSYNC Frequency Range
10
Crystal Frequency Range
12
tSETUP
Data Valid Before Rising Edge of 20pF DATACLK load,
DATACLK
20pF DATA load
1.8
ns
tHOLD
Data Valid After Rising Edge of
DATACLK
3.4
ns
fXTAL
20pF DATACLK load,
20pF DATA load
25
150
kHz
27
MHz
NOTES:
3. Linearity tested at room temperature and established across commercial temperature range by correlation to characterization.
4. Supply current specified at max pixel rate (165MHz) with gray scale video applied.
5. Jitter tested at rated frequencies (110MHz, 150MHz and 165MHz) and at minimum frequency (10MHz).
6. Parameters with MIN and/or MAX limits are 100% tested at +25°C, unless otherwise specified. Temperature limits established by characterization
and are not production tested.
5
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September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Timing Diagrams
Data Output Setup and Hold Timing
DATACLK
DATACLK
tHOLD
tSETUP
PIXEL DATA
RGB Output Data Timing and Latency
THE HSYNC EDGE (PROGRAMMABLE LEADING OR TRAILING) THAT THE DPLL IS LOCKED
TO. THE SAMPLING PHASE SETTING DETERMINES ITS RELATIVE POSITION TO THE REST
OF THE AFE’S OUTPUT SIGNALS
HSYNCIN
ANALOG
VIDEO IN
P1
P0
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
DATACLK
8 DATACLK PIPELINE LATENCY
R/G/B[7:0]
D0
D1
D2
D3
PROGRAMMABLE
WIDTH AND POLARITY
HSOUT
YUV Output Data Timing and Latency
THE HSYNC EDGE (PROGRAMMABLE LEADING OR TRAILING) THAT THE DPLL IS LOCKED TO.
THE SAMPLING PHASE SETTING DETERMINES ITS RELATIVE POSITION TO THE REST OF THE
AFE’S OUTPUT SIGNALS
HSYNCIN
ANALOG
VIDEO IN
P1
P0
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
DATACLK
8 DATACLK PIPELINE LATENCY
G[7:0]
G0 (YO) G1 (Y1) G2 (Y2) G3 (Y3)
R[7:0]
B0 (UO) R0 (V0) B2 (U2) R2 (V2)
B[7:0]
PROGRAMMABLE
WIDTH AND POLARITY
HSOUT
6
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Pinout
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
43
44
43
42
41
G0
G1
G2
VD1.8
G3
G4
G5
G6
G7
VD3.3
B0
B1
B2
VD1.8
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
VD3.3
ISL98003
(80 LD EPTQFP)
TOP VIEW
VD3.3
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
VD1.8
R2
R1
R0
VD3.3
DATACLK
DATACLK
HSOUT
HSYNCOUT
VSYNCOUT
INT
DE
FIELD
TESTOUT
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
GND
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
DTEST5
DTEST4
XCLKOUT
VD1.8
SCL
SDA
COASTIN
CLAMPIN
RESET
CLOCKINVIN
DTEST3
EXTCLKIN
DTEST2
HSYNCIN0
VSYNCIN0
HSYNCIN1
VSYNCIN1
DTEST1
VPLLD1.8
XTALOUT
VA1.8
VA3.3
VREFRED
VA1.8
VA3.3
BIN1
GIN1
VREFGREEN
SOGIN1
VA1.8
RIN1
BIN0
VA3.3
GIN0
SOGIN0
VREFBLUE
RIN0
VADCD1.8
VPLLA3.3
XTALIN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
GND CONNECTED TO EXPOSED PAD
Pin Descriptions
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
RIN0, 1
Analog inputs. Red channels. AC-couple through 0.1µF.
GIN0, 1
Analog inputs. Green channels. AC-couple through 0.1µF.
BIN0, 1
Analog inputs. Blue channels. AC-couple through 0.1µF.
VREFRED,
VREFGREEN,
VREFBLUE
Analog inputs. Reference voltage for ADCs. Tie to 1.8V reference voltage (VA1.8 is acceptable if low noise). Decouple with
0.1µF capacitor to GNDA.
SOGIN0, 1
Analog inputs. Sync on Green. Connect to corresponding Green channel video source through a 0.01µF capacitor in series
with a 500Ω resistor.
HSYNCIN0, 1
Digital high impedance 3.3V inputs with 240mV hysteresis. Connect to corresponding channel's HSYNC source. For 5V
signals divide input with a 1k/1.9k divider. Place the divider as close as possible to the device pin. Place a 50pF capacitor
in parallel with the 1k resistor to reduce the filtering effect of the divider.
VSYNCIN0, 1
Digital high impedance 3.3V inputs with 240mV hysteresis. Connect to corresponding channel's VSYNC source. For 5V
signals divide input with a 1k/1.9k divider. Place the divider as close as possible to the device pin. Place a 50pF capacitor
in parallel with the 1k resistor to reduce the filtering effect of the divider.
COASTIN
Digital 3.3V input. When this input is high and external COAST is selected, the PLL will coast, ignoring all transitions on
the active channel’s HSYNC/SOG.
7
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Pin Descriptions (Continued)
SYMBOL
DESCRIPTION
CLAMPIN
Digital 3.3V input.When this input is high and external CLAMP is selected, connects the selected channels inputs to the
clamp DAC.
CLOCKINVIN
Digital 3.3V input. When high, changes the pixel sampling phase by 180°. Toggle at frame rate during VSYNC to allow 2x
undersampling to sample odd and even pixels on sequential frames. Tie to DGND if unused.
TESTOUT
3.3V digital output. A delayed version of internal COAST or CLAMP when selected.
RESET
Digital 3.3V input, active low, 70kΩ pull-up to VD. Take low for at least 1µs and then high again to reset the ISL98003. This
pin is not necessary for normal use and may be tied directly to the VD supply.
XTALIN
Analog input. Connect to external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal and load capacitor (see crystal spec for recommended loading).
Typical oscillation amplitude is 1.0VP-P centered around 0.5V.
XTALOUT
Analog output. Connect to external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal and load capacitor (see crystal spec for recommended
loading). Typical oscillation amplitude is 1.0VP-P centered around 0.5V.
XCLKOUT
3.3V digital output. Buffered crystal clock output at fXTAL or fXTAL/2. May be used as system clock for other system
components.
SCL
Digital input, 5V tolerant, 500mV hysteresis. Serial data clock for 2-wire interface.
SDA
Bidirectional Digital I/O, open drain, 5V tolerant. Serial data I/O for 2-wire interface.
EXTCLKIN
Digital 3.3V input. External clock input for AFE.
R[7:0]
3.3V digital output. 8-bit Red channel pixel data.
G[7:0]
3.3V digital output. 8-bit Green channel pixel data.
B[7:0]
3.3V digital output. 8-bit Blue channel pixel data.
DATACLK
3.3V digital output. Data (pixel) clock output.
DATACLK
3.3V digital output. Inverse of DATACLK.
HSOUT
3.3V digital output. HSYNC output aligned with pixel data. Use this output to frame the digital output data. This output is
always purely horizontal sync (without any composite sync signals).
HSYNCOUT
3.3V digital output. Buffered HSYNC (or SOG or CSYNC) output. This is typically used for measuring HSYNC period. This
output will pass composite sync signals and Macrovision signals if present on HSYNCIN or SOGIN.
VSYNCOUT
3.3V digital output. Buffered VSYNC output. For composite sync signals, this output will be asserted for the duration of the
disruption of the normal HSYNC pattern. This is typically used for measuring VSYNC period.
INT
Digital output, open drain, 5V tolerant. Interrupt output indicating mode change or command execution status. Pull high
with a 4.7k resistor.
DE
3.3V digital output. High when there is valid video data, low during horizontal and vertical blanking periods.
FIELD
3.3V digital output. For interlaced video, this output will changes states to indicate whether current field is even or odd.
Polarity is determined by configuration register.
VA3.3
Power supply for the analog section. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1µF.
VA1.8
Power supply for the analog section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1µF.
VPLLA3.3
Power supply for the analog PLL section. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1µF.
GND
Ground return connected to exposed pad.
VD3.3
Power supply for all digital I/Os. Connect to a 3.3V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1µF.
VD1.8
Power supply for digital core logic. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass each pin to GND with 0.1µF.
VADCD1.8
Power supply for the digital ADC section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1µF.
VPLLD1.8
Power supply for the digital PLL section. Connect to a 1.8V supply and bypass to GND with 0.1µF.
DTEST1, 2, 3, 4, 5
For production use only. Tie to GND.
8
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September 12, 2008
Sync Flow
8
CH1
165 MHZ
TRIPLE 8- BIT
AFE
3
3
8
8
8-BIT 3X3
COLOR SPACE
CONVERTER
8
DIGITAL
OFFSET
CONTROL
(IF ABLC
ENABLED)
8
8
DATA
8
8
8
OUTPUT
FORMATTER
3
CH0
DECIMATOR
8
8
DATA
8
DATA
DATACLK
HSOUT
9
GLITCH
FILTER
SOG
SLICER A
EXTRACTED
VSYNC
MASK
DIGITAL
PLL
SOG0
SOG1
SYNC
SEPARATOR
SOG
SLICER B
INTERLACED
COAST
GEN.
FIELD O/E
MV
EXT. COAST
VSYNCOUT
TRI-LEVEL
DETECTION
TRILEVEL
VSYNC
SELECT
TIMING
MEASUREMENT
HSYNC0
HSYNC1
HSYNC
SLICER B
ACTIVITY
MONITOR
INTERRUPT
GENERATION
VSYNC
SLICER A
VSYNC0
AUTO
ADJUST
COLOR KEY:
VSYNC1
VSYNC
SLICER B
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
CH0 AND CH1
SELECT
AUTO
POLLING
INT
DE
ACTIVE VIDEO
SIGNAL PATH
ANALOG SIGNAL
ACTIVE SYNC
SIGNAL PATH
MONITORING/
SUPPORT
DIGITAL SIGNAL
CRYSTAL
OSCILLATOR
SERIAL I/O
XTALOUT
ISL98003
HSYNC
SLICER A
HSYNC/
CSYNC
FROM
SOG OR
HSYNC
SELECT
HSYNCOUT
MASK
ISL98003
Register Listing
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
STATUS AND INTERRUPT REGISTERS
0x01
0x02
Selected Input Channel
Characteristics, (read only)
CH0 and CH1 Activity
Status, (read only)
1:0
SYNC Type
00: Automatic Sync Selection logic could not find good sync on
H, V, or SOG (Automatic Sync mode only).
01: SYNC on HSYNC/VSYNC
10: CSYNC on HSYNC
11: CSYNC on Green Channel (SOG)
2
HSYNC Polarity
0: HSYNC Active High
1: HSYNC Active Low
3
VSYNC Polarity
0: VSYNC Active High
1: VSYNC Active Low
4
Tri-level Sync
0: Bi-level SOG (if SOG is active)
1: Tri-level SOG
5
Interlaced
(Only for CSYNC)
0: Non-interlaced or progressive signal
1: Interlaced signal
6
Macrovision
0: No Macrovision detected
1: Macrovision encoding detected
7
PLL Locked
0: PLL unlocked
1: PLL locked to incoming HSYNC
0
HSYNC0 Activity
0: HSYNC0 Inactive
1: HSYNC0 Active – There is a periodic signal with frequency
>1kHz and consistent low/high times on this input.
1
VSYNC0 Activity
0: VSYNC0 Inactive
1: VSYNC0 Active – There is a periodic signal with frequency
>20Hz and consistent low/high times on this input.
SOG0 Activity
00: SOG0 Inactive – No transitions detected at the SOG Slicer
output.
01: SOG0 Active – Non-periodic transitions detected at the
SOG Slicer output – possibly valid SOG with a bad slicer
threshold, or simply video with no valid SOG.
10: SOG0 Periodic – There is a periodic signal with frequency
>1kHz and consistent low/high times on this input. This is
most likely a valid SOG signal.
4
HSYNC1 Activity
See HSYNC0 Activity description
5
VSYNC1 Activity
See VSYNC0 Activity description
7:6
SOG1 Activity
See SOG0 Activity description
7:0
Not Used
Ignore
3:2
0x03
Not Used (read only)
10
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
0x04
0x05
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
Interrupt Status,
0
CH0 Sync Changed
0: No change
1: CH0 activity or polarity changed
Write a 1 to each bit to clear
it, 0xFF to clear all.
1
CH1 Sync Changed
0: No change
1: CH1 activity or polarity changed
2
N/A
Ignore
3
N/A
Ignore
4
Selected Input Channel
Disrupted
0: No change
1: Currently selected Input Channel’s HSYNC or VSYNC
signal has changed (fast notification of a mode change).
5
Selected Input Channel
Changed
0: No change
1: Currently selected Input Channel’s HSYNC or VSYNC
period or pulse width has settled to a new value and can be
measured.
6
VSYNC INT
0: Default state
1: VSYNC occurred
7
PADJ INT
0: Default state
1: Phase Adjustment function completed.
0
CH0 Mask
0: Generate interrupt if CH0 sync activity, polarity, period, or
pulse width changes.
1: Mask CH0 interrupt
1
CH1 Mask
0: Generate interrupt if CH1 sync activity, polarity, period, or
pulse width changes.
1: Mask CH1 interrupt
2
N/A
Set to 1
3
N/A
Set to 1
4
Input Disrupted Mask
0: Generate interrupt if selected Input Channel’s sync inputs
are disrupted.
1: Mask Input Channel interrupt
5
Input Changed Mask
0: Generate interrupt after selected Input Channel period or
pulse width settles to new value.
1: Mask Input Channel interrupt
6
VSYNC INT Mask
0: Generate interrupt every VSYNC
1: Mask VSYNC Interrupt
7
PADJ INT Mask
0: Generate interrupt upon phase adjustment block request
completion.
1: Mask Phase adjustment interrupt
Interrupt Mask Register,
(0xFF)
11
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
0x10
0x11
Input Configuration, (0x00)
Sync Source Selection,
(0x00)
1:0
Input Channel Select
Sets video muxes as well as HSYNC, VSYNC, and SOG input
muxes.
0: CH0
1: CH1
2: N/A
3: N/A
2
N/A
Set to 0
3
DC Coupled Input Enable
0: AC-coupled Inputs
1: DC-coupled Inputs
4
RGB YUV
0: RGB inputs (Clamp DAC = 300mV for R, G, B, half scale
analog shift for R, G, and B, base ABLC target code = 0x00
for R, G, and B).
1: YPbPr inputs (Clamp DAC = 600mV for R and B, 300mV for
G, half scale analog shift for G channel only, base ABLC
target code = 0x00 for G, = 0x80 for R and B).
5
N/A
Set to 0
6
EXT Clamp SEL
0: Internal CLAMP generation
1: External CLAMP source
7
EXT Clamp POL
0: Active high external CLAMP
1: Active low external CLAMP
0
Sync Select
0: Automatic (HSYNC, VSYNC sources selected based on
sync activity. Multiplexer settings chosen are displayed in
the Input Characteristics register).
1: Manual (bits 1and 2 determine HSYNC and VSYNC source)
1
HSYNC Source
0: HSYNC input pin
1: SOG
2
VSYNC Source
0: VSYNC input pin
1: Sync Separator output
Red channel gain, where: gain (V/V) = 0.5 + [9:0]/682
MSB/LSB
0x00 00: gain = 0.5 V/V (1.4VP-P input = full range of ADC)
0x55 00: gain = 1.0 V/V (0.7VP-P input = full range of ADC)
0xFF C0: gain = 2.0 V/V (0.35VP-P input = full range of ADC)
0x12
Red Gain MSB, (0x55)
7:0
Red Gain MSB
0x13
Red Gain LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Red Gain LSB
2 LSBs of 10-bit gain word
See Red Gain
0x14
Green Gain MSB, (0x55)
7:0
Green Gain MSB
0x15
Green Gain LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Green Gain LSB
See Red Gain
See Red Gain
0x16
Blue Gain MSB, (0x55)
7:0
Blue Gain MSB
0x17
Blue Gain LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Blue Gain LSB
See Red Gain
ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Red offset DAC
ABLC enabled: Red digital offset
0x00 00 = min DAC value or -0x80 digital offset
0x80 00 = mid DAC value or 0x00 digital offset,
0xFF C0 = max DAC value or +0x7F digital offset
0x18
Red Offset MSB, (0x80)
7:0
Red Offset MSB
0x19
Red Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Red Offset LSB
12
2 LSBs of 10-bit offset word
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
0x1A
Green Offset MSB, (0x80)
7:0
Green Offset MSB
ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Green offset DAC
ABLC enabled: Green digital offset
(See Red Offset)
0x1B
Green Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Green Offset LSB
See Red Offset
ABLC off: upper 8 bits to Blue offset DAC
ABLC enabled: Blue digital offset
(See Red Offset)
0x1C
Blue Offset MSB, (0x80)
7:0
Blue Offset MSB
0x1D
Blue Offset LSB, (0x00)
5:0
N/A
7:6
Blue Offset LSB
See Red Offset
0x1E
PLL HTOTAL MSB, (0x06)
5:0
PLL HTOTAL MSB
14-bit HTOTAL
PLL updated on LSB write only.
0x1F
PLL HTOTAL LSB, (0x98)
7:0
PLL HTOTAL LSB
PLL updated on LSB write only. SXGA default
0x20
PLL Phase, (0x00)
5:0
PLL Sampling Phase
Used to control the phase of the ADC’s sample point relative
to the period of a pixel. Adjust to obtain optimum image quality.
One step = 5.625° (1.56% of pixel period).
0x21
PLL Pre-coast, (0x04)
7:0
Pre-coast
Number of lines the PLL will coast prior to the start of VSYNC.
0x22
PLL Post-coast, (0x04)
7:0
Post-coast
Number of lines the PLL will coast after the end of VSYNC.
0x23
PLL Misc, (0x00)
0
PLL Lock Edge HSYNC
0: PLL locks to trailing edge of selected HSYNC (default)
1: PLL locks to leading edge of selected HSYNC
1
CLKINV ENABLE
0: CLKINV input ignored
1: CLKINV input enabled
2
Ext Coast SEL
0: Internal COAST generation
1: External COAST source
3
Ext Coast POL
0: Active high external COAST
1: Active low external COAST
4
EXT CLOCK
0: Internal pixel clock from DPLL
1: External pixel clock from EXTCLKin pin
Pixel after Raw HSYNC trailing edge to begin DC-restore and
ABLC. 14 bits.
0x24
DC-Restore and ABLC
starting pixel MSB, (0x00)
5:0
DC-Restore and ABLC
starting pixel (MSB)
0x25
DC-Restore and ABLC
starting pixel LSB, (0x02)
7:0
DC-Restore and ABLC
starting pixel (LSB)
0x26
DC-Restore Clamp Width,
(0x10)
7:0
DC-Restore clamp width
13
Only applies to DC-restore clamp used for AC-coupled
configurations. A value of 0x00 means the clamp DAC is never
connected to the input.
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
0x27
ABLC Configuration, (0x40)
0
ABLC Disable
0: ABLC on (default) - use 8-bit digital offset control.
0x000 = -0x200 LSB offset, 0x3FF = +0x1FF LSB offset,
0x200 = 0x000 LSB offset.
1: ABLC off - use 8-bit offset DACs, bypass digital adder
(add/subtract nothing, but keep same delay through
channel).
1
Offset DAC Range
0: ±1/2 ADC fullscale (1 LSB = 0.25 ADC LSBs)
1: ±1/4 ADC fullscale (1 LSB = 0.165 ADC LSBs)
3:2
ABLC Pixel Width
Number of black pixels averaged every line for ABLC function
00: 16 pixels [default]
01: 32 pixels
10: 64 pixels
11: 128 pixels
6:4
ABLC Bandwidth
ABLC Time constant (lines) = 2([5+6:4])
000 = 32 lines
100 = 512 lines (default)
111 = 4096 lines
0
Data Output Format
0: 4:4:4 (24-bit output)
1: 4:2:2 (16-bit output on G and R)
1
4:2:2 Order
0: First pixel on R channel is U
1: First pixel on R channel is V
2
4:2:2 Processing
0: U, V filtered (high quality)
1: Odd U, V pixels dropped (lower quality)
3
8-bit Mode
Should be set to 1
Oversampling
00: Normal operation (1x sampling)
01:2x oversampling, 2 samples averaged at ADC output
10:4x oversampling, 4 samples averaged at ADC output
11:8x oversampling, 8 samples averaged at ADC output
0x28
Output Format 1, (0x00)
5:4
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
In Oversampling mode, the HTOTAL, DC-Restore/ABLC Start,
DC-Restore Width, and ABLC width values are automatically
multiplied by the oversampling ratio. The pixel clock is divided
by the oversampling ratio when the data is decimated.
Decimator is reset on trailing edge of HSYNC.
6
14
RGB2YUV Color Space
Conversion Enable
0: CSC Disabled
1: CSC Enabled
Note: The data delay through the entire AFE is identical with
CSC on and CSC off.
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
0x29
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
Output Format 2, (0x00)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
0
DATACLK Polarity
0: Pixel data changes on falling edge (default)
1: Pixel data changes on rising edge
1
FIELD output polarity
0: Odd = low, Even = high (default)
1: Odd = high, Even = low
2
Macrovision
0: Digitize Macrovision encoded signals (default)
1: Blank AFE output for Macrovision encoded signals. If
Macrovision is detected, AFE output is always 0x00, 0x00,
0x00 for RGB, or 0x00, 0x80, 0x80 for YUV.
3
HSOUT Polarity
0: Active High (default)
1: Active Low
4
HSOUT Lock Edge
0: HSOUT’s leading edge is locked to selected HSYNCIN’s
lock edge. Trailing edge moves forward in time as HSOUT
width is increased (default).
1: HSOUT’s trailing edge is locked to selected HSYNCIN’s
lock edge. Leading edge moves backward in time as
HSOUT width is increased.
5
XTALCLKOUT Frequency
0: XTALCLKOUT = fCRYSTAL (default)
1: XTALCLKOUT = fCRYSTAL/2
6
Enable XTALCLKOUT
0 = XTALCLKOUT is logic low (default)
1 = XTALCLKOUT enabled
0x2A
HSOUT Width, (0x10)
7:0
HSOUT Width
HSOUT Width in pixels, 0x00 to 0xFF. HSOUT Lock Edge
determines whether leading or trailing edge is locked to
HSYNCin.
0x2B
Output Signal Disable,
(0xFF)
0
Tri-state Red
0 = Outputs enabled
1 = Outputs in tri-state
1
Tri-state Green
0 = Outputs enabled
1 = Outputs in tri-state
2
Tri-state Blue
0 = Outputs enabled
1 = Outputs in tri-state
3
Tri-state SYNC
0 = HSOUT, HSYNCOUT, VSYNCOUT enabled
1 = Outputs in tri-state
4
Tri-state DATACLK
0 = Output enabled
1 = Output in tri-state
5
Tri-state DATACLKb
0 = Output enabled
1 = Output in tri-state
6
Tri-state DE
0 = Output enabled
1 = Output in tri-state
7
Tri-state Field
0 = Output enabled
1 = Output in tri-state
0
Red Power-Down
0 = Red ADC operational (default)
1 = Red ADC powered down
1
Green Power-Down
0 = Green ADC operational (default)
1 = Green ADC powered down
2
Blue Power-Down
0 = Blue ADC operational (default)
1 = Blue ADC powered down
3
PLL Power-Down
0 = PLL operational (default)
1 = PLL powered down
Note: All digital outputs are
tri-stated by default to ease
multiplexing with other
AFEs
0x2C
Power Control, (0x00)
15
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Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
0x2D
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
XTAL CLOCK FREQ,
(0x19)
BITS
4:0
FUNCTION NAME
Crystal Clock Frequency
DESCRIPTION
Crystal clock frequency in MHz (decimal).
0x00: Test Mode, Do not use.
0x01 - 0x0A: 10MHz, APLL DIV = 35 (0x23)
0x0B: 11MHz, APLL DIV = 32
0x0C: 12MHz, APLL DIV = 30
0x0D: 13MHz, APLL DIV = 27
0x0E: 14MHz, APLL DIV = 25
0x0F: 15MHz, APLL DIV = 24
0x10: 16MHz, APLL DIV = 22
0x11: 17MHz, APLL DIV = 21
0x12: 18MHz, APLL DIV = 20
0x13: 19MHz, APLL DIV = 19
0x14: 20MHz, APLL DIV = 18
0x15: 21MHz, APLL DIV = 17
0x16: 22MHz, APLL DIV = 16
0x17: 23MHz, APLL DIV = 16
0x18: 24MHz, APLL DIV = 15
0x19: 25MHz, APLL DIV = 14
0x1A: 26MHz, APLL DIV = 14
0x1B: 27MHz, APLL DIV = 13
0x1C: 28MHz, APLL DIV = 13
0x1D: 29MHz, APLL DIV = 13
0x1E: 30MHz, APLL DIV = 12
0x1F: 31MHz, APLL DIV = 12
0x2E
AFE Bandwidth, (0x0E)
3:0
AFE BW
0x2F
HSYNC Slicer Thresholds,
(0x44)
3:0
Selected HSYNC Threshold HSYNC slicer threshold for selected input channel (only 3 bits
used, lowest bit is ignored):
0000 = lowest (0.4V)
0100 = default (1.15V)
1111 = highest (3.2V)
7:4
Unselected HSYNC
Threshold
HSYNC threshold for monitoring unselected inputs. See
Selected HSYNC Threshold for values.
3:0
SOG Threshold
SOG slicer threshold:
0000 = lowest (0mV)
0110 = default (120mV)
1111 = highest (300mV)
All values referred to
voltage at HSYNC input pin,
300mV hysteresis
0x30
SOG Slicer Thresholds,
(0x66)
16
-3dB point for AFE lowpass filter
0: 9MHz
1: 10MHz
2: 11MHz
3: 12MHz
4: 14MHz
5: 17MHz
6: 21 MHz
7: 24MHz
8: 30MHz
9: 38MHz
A: 50MHz
B: 75MHz
C: 83MHz
D: 105MHz
E: 149MHz (default)
F: 450MHz
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Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
0x31
0x32
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
HSYNC/SOG Config,
(0x04)
Sync Polling Control, (0x00)
BITS
3:0
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
Glitch Filter Width
0: 16 crystal clocks
1: 17 crystal clocks
2: 1 crystal clocks
3: 2 crystal clocks
4: 3 crystal clocks (default)
5: 4 crystal clocks
6: 5 crystal clocks
7: 6 crystal clocks
8: 7 crystal clocks
9: 8 crystal clocks
10: 9 crystal clocks
11: 10 crystal clocks
12: 11crystal clocks
13: 12 crystal clocks
14: 13 crystal clocks
15: 14 crystal clocks
4
Sync Glitch Filter Disable
0: glitch filter enabled
1: glitch filter disabled
5
SOG Hyst Disable
0: 40mV hysteresis enabled
1: 40mV hysteresis disabled
6
SOG LPF Disable
0: 14MHz SOG Low Pass Filter Enabled
1: 14MHz SOG Low Pass Filter Disabled
0
CH0 Polling
0: Enable
1: Disable
1
CH1 Polling
0: Enable
1: Disable
2
N/A
Set to 1
3
N/A
Set to 1
4
CH0 Connector Type
0: RGB DB15 (poll for HSYNC, CSYNC, and SOG)
1: Component (poll for SOG only)
5
CH1 Connector Type
0: RGB DB15 (poll for HSYNC, CSYNC, and SOG)
1: Component (poll for SOG only)
6
N/A
Set to 0
7
N/A
Set to 0
These registers report a 16-bit value containing the number of
crystal clocks inside a 16 consecutive HSYNC period window.
This means the 16-bit number will reflect one HSYNC period
with 1/16 LSB resolution - the last 4 -bits of the measurement
will be fractional.
MEASUREMENT REGISTERS
0x40
HSYNC Period MSB,
(read only)
7:0
HSYNC Period MSB
0x41
HSYNC Period LSB,
(read only)
7:0
HSYNC Period LSB
0x42
HSYNC Width MSB,
(read only)
7:0
HSYNC Width MSB
0x43
HSYNC Width LSB,
(read only)
7:0
HSYNC Width LSB
17
These registers report a 16-bit value containing the number of
crystal clocks inside 16 consecutive HSYNC pulses. This
means the 16-bit number will reflect one HSYNC pulse width
with 1/16 LSB resolution - the last 4 bits of the measurement
will be fractional.
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ISL98003
Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
FUNCTION NAME
0x44
VSYNC Period MSB,
(read only)
3:0
VSYNC Period MSB
0x45
VSYNC Period LSB,
(read only)
7:0
VSYNC Period LSB
DESCRIPTION
These bit report a 12-bit value containing the width of one
frame (= 2 fields for interlaced, = 1 field for progressive) of
video.
VSYNC period for measured channel = 256* VSYNC Period
MSB + VSYNC Period LSB
Units are either number of HSYNC periods or number of
fCRYSTAL/512 periods, depending on setting of VSYNC Units
register.
0x46
VSYNC Width,
(read only)
6:0
VSYNC Width
This register reports a 7-bit value containing the width the
VSYNC pulse. The value returned is for true VSYNC only: it
does not include serrations, EQ pulses, Macrovision pulses,
etc. Units are either number of HSYNC periods or number of
fCRYSTAL/512 periods, depending on setting of VSYNC Units
register.
0x47
DE Start MSB, (0x00)
1:0
DE Start MSB
0x48
DE Start LSB, (0xF6)
7:0
DE Start LSB
8-bit value containing the number of pixel clocks between the
trailing edge of HSOUT and the first valid pixel. SXGA default
values.
0x49
DE Width MSB, (0x05)
3:0
DE Width MSB
0x4A
DE Width LSB, (0x00)
7:0
DE Width LSB
0x4B
Line Start MSB, (0x00)
1:0
Line Start MSB
0x4C
Line Start LSB, (0x26)
7:0
Line Start LSB
0x4D
Line Width MSB, (0x04)
3:0
Line Width MSB
0x4E
Line Width LSB, (0x00)
7:0
Line Width LSB
0x4F
Measurement Configuration,
(0x00)
12-bit value containing the number of visible image pixels.
SXGA default values.
8-bit value containing the number of lines between the trailing
edge of VSYNCOUT and the first valid line. SXGA default
values.
12-bit value containing the number of visible lines.
SXGA default values.
0
VSYNC Units
0: VSYNC measurement reported in units of lines
(HSYNC periods)
1: VSYNC measurement reported in units of 512 crystal clock
periods
1
VSYNC_Linecount_Mode
0: New method (Integer count of HSOUTs)
1: Old method (Time measurement with rounding errors)
PADJ Function
Note: A write to this register executes the command contained
in the three LSBs of the word written. Commands:
000: Reserved
001: Reserved
010: Reserved
011: SetPhase
100: Set DE
101: Reserved
110: Reserved
111: Reserved
PADJ Busy
0: Phase Adjustment function idle
1: Phase Adjustment in progress
AUTO ADJUST REGISTERS
0x50
Phase ADJ CMD FN, (0x00)
0x51
Phase ADJ STATUS,
(read only)
18
2:0
7
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Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
0x52
Phase ADJ MASK V, (0x01)
2:0
3
FUNCTION NAME
PADJ Exclude v2
DESCRIPTION
Vertical line mask: How many lines to exclude before the
leading edge of VSYNC
000: 0 lines
001: 1 lines (default)
010: 2 lines
011: 4 lines
100: 6 lines
101: 8 lines
110: 10 lines
111: 12 lines
N/A
6:4
PADJ Exclude v1
Choose how many lines to exclude after the leading edge of
VSYNC (typically used to exclude VBI data)
000: 5 lines (default)
001: 18 lines
010: 19 lines (480i)
011: 20 lines (1080i)
100: 22 lines (576i)
101: 25 lines (720p)
110: 41 lines (480p/1080p)
111: 44 lines (576p)
0x53
Horizontal pixel mask 1,
(0x01)
7:0
PADJ Exclude h1
If a value of ‘N’ is programmed in this register, 2*N pixels after
the active edge of HSOUT will be excluded from data
collection.
Must be >0 for proper operation.
0x54
Horizontal pixel mask 2,
(0x01)
7:0
PADJ Exclude h2
If a value of ‘N’ is programmed in this register, 2*N pixels
before the active edge of HSOUT will be excluded from data
collection.
Must be >0 for proper operation.
0x55
Phase Adjust Command
Options, (0x20)
0
PADJ Blue Disable
Enable/disable blue color for measurement
0: enable
1: disable
1
PADJ Green Disable
Enable/disable green color for measurement
0: enable
1: disable
2
PADJ Red Disable
Enable/disable red color for measurement
0: enable
1: disable
3
PADJ Adjust Search Option Search option for auto phase adjustment
0: best phase
1: worst phase
4
PADJ Adjust Speed
This is a hidden bit for customers. It decides whether the
search steps are 28 (fast) or 64 VSYNC intervals (slow).
0: 28 VSYNCs
1: 64 VSYNCs
5
Update Phase on VSYNC
0: phase updated immediately
1: phase updated on VSYNC (default)
6
PADJ Soft Reset
0: Normal operation
1: Reset all phase adjust state machines
Take high then low to reset phase adjust block
7
Reserved
Set to 0
19
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Register Listing (Continued)
ADDRESS
REGISTER
(DEFAULT VALUE)
BITS
0x56
Transition threshold, (0x0A)
7:0
PADJ Threshold
Threshold of transitions visible for capturing. These are the 8
MSBs of the 8-bit threshold word used for phase quality
measurements. The actual 8-bit threshold used equals the
value in this register times 4.
0x57
Phase Adjust Data 3,
(read only)
7:0
Reserved
Reserved
0x58
Phase Adjust Data 2,
(read only)
7:0
Reserved
Reserved
0x59
Phase Adjust Data 1,
(read only)
7:0
Reserved
Reserved
0x5A
Phase Adjust Data 0,
(read only)
7:0
Reserved
Reserved
0x60
AFE CTRL, (0x00)
0
Reserved
Set to 0
1
700mV calibration
0: Normal operation
1: All three inputs connected to internal ~700mV reference
voltage
2
Coast Clamp Enable
0: DC-restore clamping and ABLC suspended during Coast
and Macrovision (default)
1: DC-restore clamping and ABLC continue during Coast
3
Reserved
Set to 0
4
Blue Midscale
0: Half scale analog shift not added to Blue Channel (UV)
1: Half scale analog shift added to Blue Channel (YRGB)
5
Green Midscale
0: Half scale analog shift not added to Green Channel (UV)
1: Half scale analog shift added to Green Channel (YRGB)
6
Red Midscale
0: Half scale analog shift not added to Red Channel (UV)
1: Half scale analog shift added to Red Channel (YRGB)
7
Midscale Override
0: Midscale determined by RGB/YUV bit in User Control
section – settings in 0x60[6:4] are ignored (default).
1: Midscale determined by 0x60[6:4]
0
Dither Enable
0: Dither disabled (default)
1: Dither enabled
1
Dither Amplitude
0: 4 LSBs (default)
1: 2 LSBs
3:2
Dither Increment
00: Every Pixel (default)
01: Every HSYNC
10 and 11: Every VSYNC
Dither Seed Reset
Set to 1 and then to 0 to reset
0x61
ADC CTRL, (0x00)
4
20
FUNCTION NAME
DESCRIPTION
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Technical Highlights
DPLL
inside a monitor or projector can easily change +50°C
between power-on/offset calibration on a cold morning and
the temperature reached) once the monitor and the monitor's
environment have reached steady state. Offset can drift
significantly over +50°C, reducing image quality and
requiring that the user do a manual calibration once the
monitor has warmed up.
All video AFEs must phase lock to an HSYNC signal,
supplied either directly or embedded in the video stream
(Sync On Green). Historically this has been implemented as
a traditional analog PLL. At SXGA and lower resolutions, an
analog PLL solution has proven adequate, if somewhat
troublesome (due to the need to adjust charge pump
currents, VCO ranges and other parameters to find the
optimum trade-off for a wide range of pixel rates).
In addition to drift, many AFEs exhibit interaction between
the offset and gain controls. When the gain is changed, the
magnitude of the offset is changed as well. This again
increases the complexity of the firmware as it tries to
optimize gain and offset settings for a given video input
signal. Instead of adjusting just the offset, then the gain, both
have to be adjusted interactively until the desired ADC
output is reached.
As display resolutions and refresh rates have increased,
however, the pixel period has shrunk. An XGA pixel at a
60Hz refresh rate has 15.4ns to change and settle to its new
value. But at UXGA 75Hz, the pixel period is 4.9ns. Most
consumer graphics cards (even the ones with “350MHz”
DACs) spend most of that time slewing to the new pixel
value. The pixel may settle to its final value with 1ns or less
before it begins slewing to the next pixel. In many cases, it
rings and never settles at all. So precision, low-jitter
sampling is a fundamental requirement at these speeds, and
a difficult one for an analog PLL to meet.
The ISL98003 simplifies offset and gain adjustment and
completely eliminates offset drift using its Automatic Black
Level Compensation (ABLC™) function. ABLC™ monitors the
black level and continuously adjusts the ISL98003's 10-bit
offset DACs to null out the offset. Any offset, whether due to
the video source or the ISL98003's analog amplifiers, is
eliminated with 8-bit accuracy. Any drift is compensated for
well before it can have a visible effect. Manual offset
adjustment control is still available (a 10-bit register allows the
firmware to adjust the offset ±511 codes in exactly 1/4 ADC
LSB increments). Gain is now completely independent of
offset (adjusting the gain no longer affects the offset, so there
is no longer a need to program the firmware to cope with
interactive offset and gain controls).
The ISL98003 provides all the features of traditional triple
channel video AFEs, but adds several next-generation
enhancements, bringing performance and ease of use to
new levels.
The ISL98003's DPLL has less than 250ps of jitter,
peak-to-peak, and independent of the pixel rate. The DPLL
generates 64 phase steps per pixel (vs the industry standard
32), for fine, accurate positioning of the sampling point. The
crystal-locked NCO inside the DPLL completely eliminates
drift due to charge pump leakage, so there is inherently no
frequency or phase change across a line. An intelligent
all-digital loop filter/controller eliminates the need for the user
to have to program or change anything (except for the number
of pixels) to lock over a range from interlaced video (10MHz or
higher) to UXGA 60Hz (162MHz, with the ISL98003-165).
The DPLL eliminates much of the performance limitations and
complexity associated with noise-free digitization of high
speed signals.
Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLC™)
and Gain Control
Traditional video AFEs have an offset DAC prior to the ADC,
to both correct for offsets on the incoming video signals and
add/subtract an offset for user “brightness control” without
sacrificing the 8-bit dynamic range of the ADC. This solution
is adequate, but it places significant requirements on the
system's firmware, which must execute a loop that detects
the black portion of the signal and then servos the offset
DACs until that offset is nulled (or produces the desired ADC
output code). Once this has been accomplished, the offset
(both the offset in the AFE and the offset of the video card
generating the signal) is subject to drift (the temperature
21
Finally, there should be no concerns over ABLC itself
introducing visible artifacts; it doesn't. ABLC functions at a
very low frequency, changing the offset in 1/4 LSB
increments, so it can't cause visible brightness fluctuations.
And once ABLC is locked, if the offset doesn't drift, the DACs
won't change. If desired, ABLC can be disabled, allowing the
firmware to work in the traditional way, with 10-bit offset
DACs under the firmware's control.
Gain and Offset Control
To simplify image optimization algorithms, the ISL98003
features fully-independent gain and offset adjustment.
Changing the gain does not affect the DC offset, and the
weight of an Offset DAC LSB does not vary depending on
the gain setting.
The full-scale gain is set in the three sets of registers
(0x12-0x13, 0x14-0x15 and 0x16-0x17). Each set of gain
registers is divided into an 8-bit MSB register (0x12, 0x14
and 0x16) and a 2-bit LSB register providing a 10-bit gain
value that both allows for 8-bit control compatible with the
8-bit family of AFEs and allows for the expansion of the gain
resolution in future AFEs without significant firmware
changes. The ISL98003 can accept input signals with
amplitudes ranging from 0.35VP-P to 1.4VP-P.
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
The offset controls shift the entire RGB input range, changing
the input image brightness. Three separate registers provide
independent control of the R, G, and B channels. Their
nominal setting is 0x8000, which forces the ADC to output
code 0x00 (or 0x80 for the R (Pr) and B (Pb) channels in
YPbPr mode) during the back porch period when ABLC is
enabled.
The ISL98003 can optionally decimate the incoming data to
provide a 4:2:2 output stream (configuration register
0x28[0] = 1) as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2. YUV MAPPING (4:2:2)
INPUT
SIGNAL
ISL98003
INPUT
CHANNEL
ISL98003
OUTPUT
ASSIGNMENT
OUTPUT
SIGNAL
Functional Description
Y
Green
Green
Y0Y1Y2Y3
Inputs
Pb
Blue
Blue
Driven Low
The ISL98003 digitizes analog video inputs in both RGB
and Component (YPbPr) formats, with or without
embedded sync (SOG).
Pr
Red
Red
U0V0U2V2
RGB Inputs
For RGB inputs, the black/blank levels are identical and equal
to 0V. The range for each color is typically 0V to 0.7V from
black to white. HSYNC and VSYNC are separate signals.
Component YPbPr Inputs
In addition to RGB and RGB with SOG, the ISL98003 has an
option that is compatible with the component YPbPr video
inputs typically generated by DVD players. While the
ISL98003 digitizes signals in these color spaces, it does not
perform color space conversion; if it digitizes an RGB signal,
it outputs digital RGB, while if it digitizes a YPbPr signal, it
outputs digital YCbCr, also called YUV.
The Luminance (Y) signal is applied to the Green Channel
and is processed in a manner identical to the Green input
with SOG described previously. The color difference signals
Pb and Pr are bipolar and swing both above and below the
black level. When the YPbPr mode is enabled, the black
level output for the color difference channels shifts to a mid
scale value of 0x80. Setting configuration register
0x10[4] = 1 enables the YPbPr signal processing mode of
operation.
TABLE 1. YUV MAPPING (4:4:4)
INPUT
SIGNAL
ISL98003
INPUT
CHANNEL
ISL98003
OUTPUT
ASSIGNMENT
OUTPUT
SIGNAL
Y
Green
Green
Y0Y1Y2Y3
Pb
Blue
Blue
U0U1U2U3
Pr
Red
Red
V0V1V2V3
Input Coupling
Inputs can be either AC-coupled (default) or DC-coupled
(see register 0x10[3]). AC coupling is usually preferred since
it allows video signals with substantial DC offsets to be
accurately digitized. The ISL98003 provides a complete
internal DC-restore function, including the DC-restore clamp
(see Figure 1) and programmable clamp timing (registers
0x24, 0x25, and 0x26).
When AC-coupled, the DC-restore clamp is applied every
line, a programmable number of pixels after the trailing edge
of HSYNC. If register 0x60[2] = 0 (the default), the clamp will
not be applied while the DPLL is coasting, preventing any
clamp voltage errors from composite sync edges,
equalization pulses, or Macrovision signals.
After the trailing edge of HSYNC, the DC-restore clamp is
turned on after the number of pixels specified in the
DC-Restore and ABLC Starting Pixel registers (0x24 and
0x25) has been reached. The clamp is applied for the
number of pixels specified by the DC-Restore Clamp Width
Register (0x26). The clamp can be applied to the back porch
of the video, or to the front porch (by increasing the
DC-Restore and ABLC Starting Pixel registers so all the
active video pixels are skipped).
Note: The Tri-level detect for Sync on Green (SOG) utilizes
the digitized data from the selected Green video channel. If
Tri-level Sync is present, the default DC Clamp start position
will clamp at the top of the Tri-level Sync pulse giving a false
negative for Tri-level detect and clamping off the bottom half
of the green video. If you have an indication of active SOG
you must move the clamp start to a value greater than 0x30
to check to see if the Tri-level Sync is present.
If DC-coupled operation is desired, the input to the ADC will
be the difference between the input signal (RIN1, for
example) and ground.
22
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Automatic Black Level
Compensation (ABLC™ ) Loop
DC Restoration
DC Restore
Clamp DAC
V CLAMP
CLAMP
GENERATION
To
ABLC
Block
Offset
DAC
Fixed
Offset
10
ABLC™
10
Offset
Control
Registers
10
0x000
10
10
ABLC™
ABLC™
Vref
R(GB)IN 0
R(GB) GND 0
R(GB)IN 1
VGA0
Fixed
Offset
8
V IN +
PGA
V IN -
Input
Bandwidth
8 bit ADC
8
8
To Output
Formatter
VGA1
R(GB) GND 1
Bandwidth
Control
FIGURE 1. VIDEO FLOW (INCLUDING ABLC™)
SOG
Macrovision
For component YPbPr signals, the sync signal is embedded
on the Y channel’s video, which is connected to the green
input, hence the name SOG (Sync on Green). The horizontal
sync information is encoded onto the video input by adding
the sync tip during the blanking interval. The sync tip level is
typically 0.3V below the video black level.
The ISL98003 automatically detects the presence of
Macrovision-encoded video. When Macrovision is detected,
it generates a mask signal that is ANDed with the incoming
SOG CSYNC signal to remove the Macrovision before the
HSYNC goes to the PLL. No additional programming is
required to support Macrovision.
To minimize the loading on the green channel, the SOG input
for each of the green channels should be AC-coupled to the
ISL98003 through a series combination of a 10nF capacitor
and a 500Ω resistor.
The mask signal is also applied to the HSYNCOUT signal.
When Sync Mask Disable = 0, any Macrovision present on
the incoming sync will not be visible on HSYNCOUT. If the
application requires the Macrovision pulses to be visible on
HSYNCOUT, set the HSYNCOUT Mask Disable bit (register
0x7A bit 4).
SOG Slicer (Figure 2)
The SOG input has programmable threshold, 40mV of
hysteresis, and an optional low pass filter than can be used
to remove high frequency video spikes (generated by
overzealous video peaking in a DVD player, for example)
that can cause false SOG triggers. The SOG threshold sets
the comparator threshold relative to the sync tip (the bottom
of the SOG pulse).
Inside the ISL98003, a 1µA pull-down ensures that each sync
tip triggers the clamp circuit causing the tip to be clamped to a
600mV level. A comparator compares the SOG signal with an
internal 4-bit programmable threshold level reference ranging
from 0mV to 300mV above the sync clamp level. The SOG
threshold level, hysteresis, and low-pass filter is programmed
via registers 0x30and 0x31. If the Sync-On-Green function is
not needed, the SOGIN pin(s) may be left unconnected.
SYNC Processing
The ISL98003 can process sync signals from 3 different
sources: discrete HSYNC and VSYNC, composite sync on
the HSYNC input, or composite sync from a Sync-On-Green
(SOG) signal embedded on the Green video input. The
ISL98003 has SYNC activity detect functions to help the
firmware determine which sync source is available.
23
Headswitching from Analog Videotape Signals
Occasionally this AFE may be used to digitize signals
coming from analog videotape sources. The most common
example of this is a Digital VCR (which for best signal quality
would be connected to this AFE with a component YPbPr
connection). If the digital VCR is playing an older analog
VHS tape, the sync signals from the VCR may contain the
worst of the traditional analog tape artifacts: headswitching.
Headswitching is traditionally the enemy of PLLs with large
capture ranges, because a headswitch can cause the
HSYNC period to change by as much as ±90%. To the PLL,
this can look like a frequency change of -50% to +900%,
causing errors in the output frequency (and obviously the
phase) to change. Subsequent HSYNCs have the correct,
original period, but most analog PLLs will take dozens of
lines to settle back to the correct frequency and phase after
a headswitch disturbance. This causes the top of the image
to “tear” during normal playback. In “trick modes” (fast
forward and rewind), the HSYNC signal has multiple
headswitch-like discontinuities, and many PLLs never settle
to the correct value before the next headswitch, rendering
the image completely unintelligible.
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
SLICER DAC 4
600mV TO 900mV
CLAMP
600mV
+
–
10nF
+
-
SLICE
-
500 Ω
SYNCOUT
GREEN
+
C IN
SOG IN
R IN
1µA
FILTER
ON/OFF
HIST
ON/OFF
FIGURE 2. SOG SLICER
Intersil’s DPLL has the capability to correct large phase
changes almost instantly by maximizing the phase error gain
while keeping the frequency gain relatively low. This is done
by changing the contents of register 0x74 to 0x4C. This
increases the phase error gain to 100%. Because a phase
setting, this high will slightly increase jitter, the default setting
(0x49) for register 0x74 is recommended for all other sync
sources.
Sync Timing Measurement
The ISL98003 analyzes the timing characteristics of the sync
signals for the currently selected input channel and presents
the results in registers 0x40 through 0x46.
The HSYNC period and pulse width values are 16-bit
numbers representing the number of crystal clocks in 16
consecutive periods or pulse widths giving a measurement
resolution of 1/16th of a crystal clock.
The VSYNC period is a 12-bit number representing the
number of either HSYNCs or units of 512 crystal clocks that
occur in one video frame. The default is to count HSYNC
pulses, but setting register 0x4F[0] = 1 changes to the units
to crystal clock/512.
The VSYNC pulse width is a 12-bit number representing the
number of either HSYNCs or units of 512 crystal clocks that
occur in one VSYNC. The default is to count HSYNC pulses,
but setting register 0x4F[0] = 1 changes to the units to
crystal clock/512.
PGA
The ISL98003’s Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) has a
nominal gain range from 0.5V/V (-6dB) to 2.0V/V (+6dB).
The transfer function is shown in Equation 1:
V
GainCode
Gain ⎛ ----⎞ = 0.5 + ----------------------------⎝ V⎠
170
24
(EQ. 1)
where GainCode is the value in the Gain register for that
particular color. Note that for a gain of 1V/V, the GainCode
should be 85 (0x55). This is a different center value than the
128 (0x80) value used by some other AFEs, so the firmware
should take this into account when adjusting gains.
The PGAs are updated by the internal clamp signal once per
line. In normal operation this means that there is a maximum
delay of one HSYNC period between a write to a Gain
register for a particular color and the corresponding change
in that channel’s actual PGA gain. If there is no regular
HSYNC/SOG source, or if the external clamp option is
enabled (register 0x10[7:6]) but there is no external clamp
signal being generated, it may take up to 100ms for a write
to the Gain register to update the PGA. This is not an issue
in normal operation with RGB and YPbPr signals.
Offset DAC
The ISL98003 features a 10-bit Digital-to-Analog Converter
(DAC) to provide extremely fine control over the full channel
offset. The DAC is placed after the PGA to eliminate
interaction between the PGA (controlling “contrast”) and the
Offset DAC (controlling “brightness”).
In normal operation, the Offset DAC is controlled by the
ABLC circuit, ensuring that the offset is always reduced to
sub-LSB levels (see “Automatic Black Level Compensation
(ABLC)” on page 25 for more information). When ABLC is
enabled, the Offset register pairs (0x18 - 0x19, 0x1A -0x1B
and 0x1C - 0x1D) control a digital offset added to or
subtracted from the output of the ADC. This mode provides
the best image quality and eliminates the need for any
offset calibration.
If desired, ABLC can be disabled (0x27[0] = 1) and the
Offset DAC programmed manually, with the 8 most
significant bits in registers 0x18, 0x1A,10x1C, and the 2
least significant bits in registers 0x19[7:6], 0x1B[7:6] and
0x1D[7:6].
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
The default Offset DAC range is ±127 ADC LSBs. Setting
0x27[1] = 1 reduces the swing of the Offset DAC by 50%,
making 1 Offset DAC LSB the weight of 1/8 of an ADC LSB.
This provides the finest offset control and applies to both
ABLC™ and manual modes.
Automatic Black Level Compensation (ABLC)
ABLC is a function that continuously removes all offset
errors from the incoming video signal by monitoring the
offset at the output of the ADC and servoing the 10-bit
analog DAC to force those errors to zero. When ABLC is
enabled, the user offset control is a digital adder, with 8-bit
resolution.
When the ABLC function is enabled (0x27[0] = 0), the ABLC
function is executed every line after the trailing edge of
HSYNC. If register 0x60[2] = 0 (the default), the ABLC
function will be not be triggered while the DPLL is coasting,
preventing any composite sync edges, equalization pulses,
or Macrovision signals from corrupting the black data and
potentially adding a small error in the ABLC accumulator.
After the trailing edge of HSYNC, the start of ABLC is
delayed by the number of pixels specified in registers 0x24
and 0x25. After that delay, the number of pixels specified
by register 0x27[3:2] are averaged together and added to
the ABLC’s accumulator. The accumulator stores the
average black levels for the number of lines specified by
register 0x27[6:4], which is then used to generate a 10-bit
DAC value.
The ABLC can be set to allow the capture of signals below
black by setting registers 0x65, 0x66 and 0x67 to a number
that will control the target for the ABLC servo loop. If you set
register 0x65 to 0x10 then the ABLC will adjust the offset
DAC to produce an average output code on the Red channel
of 0x10 during the back porch. Effectively, the black level for
a given channel will be set to the value of its ABLC offset
target register (output = register 0x65, 0x66 or 0x67).
ADC
The ISL98003 features 3 fully differential, high-speed 8-bit
ADCs.
Clock Generation
A Digital Phase Lock Loop (DPLL) is employed to generate
the pixel clock frequency. The HSYNC input and the external
XTAL provide a reference frequency to the PLL. The PLL
then generates the pixel clock frequency that equal to the
incoming HSYNC frequency times the HTOTAL value
programmed into registers 0x1E and 0x1F.
The stability of the clock is very important and correlates
directly with the quality of the image. During each pixel time
transition, there is a small window where the signal is
slewing from the old pixel amplitude and settling to the new
pixel value. At higher frequencies, the pixel time transitions
at a faster rate, which makes the stable pixel time even
smaller. Any jitter in the pixel clock reduces the effective
25
stable pixel time and thus the sample window in which pixel
sampling can be made accurately.
Sampling Phase
The ISL98003 provides 64 low-jitter phase choices per pixel
period, allowing the firmware to precisely select the optimum
sampling point. The sampling phase register is 0x20.
Auto Phase Adjust
The ISL98003 provides the ability to automatically adjust the
Sampling Phase to the best setting. Set register 0x50 to
0x03 to activate the auto phase adjust function.
Data Enable (DE) Generator
The ISL98003 provides a signal that is high during the active
video time when properly configured. This signal is used by
devices such as DVI/HDMI transmitters to gate the active
portion of the video and ignore the H and V sync times.
Auto DE Adjust
The ISL98003 provides the ability to automatically adjust the
DE to the settings that are very close to ideal. The
determination of exactly where on a line the active video
starts and ends depends heavily on the video content being
analyzed making the DE settings difficult to automate. The
customer will be required to fine tune the DE settings after
the Auto Adjust routine has completed. Set register 0x50 to
0x04 to activate the auto DE adjust function
HSYNC Slicer
To further minimize jitter, the HSYNC inputs are treated as
analog signals, and brought into a precision slicer block with
thresholds programmable in 400mV steps with 240mV of
hysteresis, and a subsequent digital glitch filter that ignores
any HSYNC transitions within 100ns of the initial transition.
This processing greatly increases the AFE’s rejection of
ringing and reflections on the HSYNC line and allows the
AFE to perform well even with pathological HSYNC signals.
Voltages given above and in the HSYNC Slicer register
description are with respect to a 3.3V sync signal at the
HSYNCIN input pin. To achieve 5V compatibility, a 1kΩ series
resistor should be placed between the HSYNC source and the
HSYNCIN input pin and a 1.9kΩ resistor should be placed
between the HSYNCIN input pin and ground. Relative to a 5V
input, the hysteresis will be 240mV*5V/3.3V = 360mV, and the
slicer step size will be 400mV*5V/3.3V = 600mV per step.
SYNC Status and Polarity Detection
The CH0 and CH1 Activity Status register (0x02)
continuously monitors all 6 sync inputs (VSYNCIN,
HSYNCIN, and SOGIN for both of the channels) and report
their status while the Selected Input Channel Characteristics
register (0x01) gives more detailed information on the
currently selected input channel.
However, accurate sync activity detection is always a
challenge. Noise and repetitive video patterns on the Green
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
channel may look like SOG activity when there actually is no
SOG signal, while non-standard SOG signals and TriLevel
sync signals may have amplitudes below the default SOG
slicer levels and not be easily detected. As a consequence,
not all of the activity detect bits in the ISL98003 are correct
under all conditions.
For best SOG operation, the SOG low pass filter (register
0x31[6] should always be enabled to reject the high
frequency peaking often seen on video signals.
HSYNC and VSYNC Activity Detect
Activity on these bits always indicates valid sync pulses, so
they should have the highest priority and be used even if the
SOG activity bit is also set.
SOG Activity Detect
The SOG activity detect bit monitors the output of the SOG
slicer, looking for 64 consecutive pulses with the same
period and duty cycle. If there is no signal on the Green
(or Y) channel, the SOG slicer will clamp the video to a DC
level and will reject any sporadic noise. There should be no
false positive SOG detects if there is no video on Green
(or Y).
If there is video on Green (or Y) with no valid SOG signal,
the SOG activity detect bit may sometimes report false
positives (it will detect SOG when no SOG is actually
present). This is due to the presence of video with a
repetitive pattern that creates a waveform similar to SOG.
For example, the desktop of a PC operating system is black
during the front porch, horizontal sync, and back porch, then
increases to a larger value for the video portion of the
screen. This creates a repetitive video waveform very similar
to SOG that may falsely trigger the SOG Activity detect bit.
However, in these cases where there is active video without
SOG, the SYNC information will be provided either as
separate H and V sync on HSYNCIN and VSYNCIN, or
composite sync on HSYNCIN. HSYNCIN and VSYNCIN
should therefore be used to qualify SOG. The SOG Active bit
should only be considered valid if HSYNC Activity
Detect = 0. Note: Some pattern generators can output
HSYNC and SOG simultaneously, in which case both the
HSYNC and the SOG activity bits will be set, and valid. Even
in this case, however, the monitor should still choose
HSYNC over SOG.
TriLevel Sync Detect
The TriLevel detect for Sync on Green (SOG) utilizes the
digitized data from the selected Green video channel. If
TriLevel Sync is present, the default DC Clamp start position
will clamp at the top of the TriLevel Sync pulse giving a false
negative for TriLevel detect and clamping off the bottom half
of the green video. If you have an indication of active SOG
you must move the clamp start to a value greater than 0x30
to check to see if the TriLevel Sync is present.
26
SYNC Output Signals
The ISL98003 has a pair of HSYNC output signals,
HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT, and HSOUT.
HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT are buffered versions of the
incoming sync signals; no synchronization is done. These
signals are used for mode detection
HSOUT is generated by the ISL98003’s logic and is
synchronized to the output DATACLK and the digital pixel
data on the output databus. HSOUT is used to signal the
start of a new line of digital data.
Both HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT (including the sync
separator function) remain active in power-down mode. This
allows them to be used in conjunction with the Sync Status
registers to detect valid video without powering up the
ISL98003.
HSYNCOUT
HSYNCOUT is an unmodified, buffered version of the incoming
HSYNCIN or SOGIN signal of the selected channel, with the
incoming signal’s period, polarity, and width to aid in mode
detection. HSYNCOUT will be the same format as the incoming
sync signal: either horizontal or composite sync. If a SOG input
is selected, HSYNCOUT will output the entire SOG signal,
including the VSYNC portion, pre-/post-equalization pulses if
present, and Macrovision pulses if present. HSYNCOUT
remains active when the ISL98003 is in power-down mode.
HSYNCOUT is generally used for mode detection.
VSYNCOUT
VSYNCOUT is an unmodified, buffered version of the incoming
VSYNCIN signal of the selected channel, with the original
VSYNC period, polarity, and width to aid in mode detection. If a
SOG input is selected, this signal will output the VSYNC signal
extracted by the ISL98003’s sync slicer. Extracted VSYNC will
be the width of the embedded VSYNC pulse plus pre- and
post-equalization pulses (if present). Macrovision pulses from
an NTSC DVD source will lengthen the width of the VSYNC
pulse. Macrovision pulses from other sources (PAL DVD or
videotape) may appear as a second VSYNC pulse
encompassing the width of the Macrovision. See “Macrovision”
on page 23 for more information. VSYNCOUT (including the
sync separator function) remains active in power-down mode.
VSYNCOUT is generally used for mode detection, start of field
detection, and even/odd field detection.
HSOUT
HSOUT is generated by the ISL98003’s control logic and is
synchronized to the output DATACLK and the digital pixel data
on the output databus. Its trailing edge is aligned with pixel 0. Its
width, in units of pixels, is determined by register 0x2A, and its
polarity is determined by register 0x29[3]. As the width is
increased, the trailing edge stays aligned with pixel 0, while the
leading edge is moved backwards in time relative to pixel 0.
HSOUT is used by the scaler to signal the start of a new line of
pixels.
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Crystal Oscillator
0x02)
An external 12MHz to 27MHz crystal supplies the low-jitter
reference clock to the DPLL. The absolute frequency of this
crystal within this range is unimportant, as is the crystal’s
temperature coefficient, allowing use of less expensive,
lower-grade crystals.
As an alternative to a crystal, the XTALIN pin can be driven
with a 3.3V CMOS-level external clock source at any
frequency between 12MHz and 27MHz. The ISL98003’s
jitter specification assumes a low-jitter crystal source. If the
external clock source has increased jitter, the sample clock
generated by the DPLL may exhibit increased jitter as well.
EMI Considerations
There are two possible sources of EMI on the ISL98003, as
follows.
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR
The EMI from the crystal oscillator is negligible. This is due to
an amplitude-regulated, low voltage sine wave oscillator circuit,
instead of the typical high-gain square wave inverter-type
oscillator, so there are no harmonics. The crystal oscillator is
not a significant source of EMI.
DIGITAL OUTPUT SWITCHING
This is the largest potential source of EMI. However, the EMI is
determined by the PCB layout and the loading on the databus.
The way to control this is to put series resistors on the output of
all the digital pins (as our demo board and reference circuits
show). These resistors should be as large as possible, while
still meeting the setup and hold timing requirements of the
scaler. We recommend starting with 22Ω. If the databus is
heavily loaded (long traces, many other part on the same bus),
this value may need to be reduced. If the databus is lightly
loaded, it may be increased.
Intersil’s recommendations to minimize EMI are:
• Minimize the databus trace length
• Minimize the databus capacitive loading.
If EMI is a problem in the final design, increase the value of the
digital output series resistors to reduce slew rates on the bus.
This can only be done as long as the scaler’s setup and hold
timing requirements continue to be met.
Standby Mode
The ISL98003 can be placed into a low power standby mode
by writing a 0x0F to register 0x2C, powering down the triple
ADCs, the DPLL, and most of the internal clocks.
To allow input monitoring and mode detection during
power-down, the following blocks remain active:
• The HSYNCOUT and VSYNCOUT pins (for mode detection)
Initialization
The ISL98003 initializes with default register settings for an
AC-coupled, RGB input on the VGA1 channel.
Reset
The ISL98003 has a Power On Reset (POR) function that
resets the chip to its default state when power is initially
applied, including resetting all the registers to their default
settings as described in the “Register Listing” on page 10.
The POR function takes 512k Crystal clocks (~21ms at
25MHz) to complete. The external RESET pin duplicates the
reset function of the POR without having to cycle the power
supplies. The RESET pin does not need to be used in
normal operation and can be tied high.
ISL98003 Serial Communication
Overview
The ISL98003 uses a 2-wire serial bus for communication
with its host. SCL is the Serial Clock line, driven by the host,
and SDA is the Serial Data line, which can be driven by all
devices on the bus. SDA is open drain to allow multiple
devices to share the same bus simultaneously.
Communication is accomplished in three steps:
1. The Host selects the ISL98003 it wishes to communicate
with.
2. The Host writes the initial ISL98003 Configuration
Register address it wishes to write to or read from.
3. The Host writes to or reads from the ISL98003’s
Configuration Register. The ISL98003’s internal address
pointer auto increments, so to read registers 0x00
through 0x1B, for example, one would write 0x00 in
Step 2, then repeat Step 3 (28) times, with each read
returning the next register value.
The ISL98003 has a 7-bit address (1001100) on the serial
bus.
The bus is nominally inactive, with SDA and SCL high.
Communication begins when the host issues a START
command by taking SDA low while SCL is high (Figure 3).
The ISL98003 continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines
for the start condition and will not respond to any command
until this condition has been met. The host then transmits the
7-bit serial address plus a R/W bit, indicating if the next
transaction will be a Read (R/W = 1) or a Write (R/W = 0). If
the address transmitted matches that of any device on the
bus, that device must respond with an ACKNOWLEDGE
(see Figure 4).
• Serial interface (including the crystal oscillator) to enable
register read/write activity
• Activity and polarity detect functions (registers 0x01 and
27
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Once the serial address has been transmitted and
acknowledged, one or more bytes of information can be
written to or read from the slave. Communication with the
selected device in the selected direction (read or write) is
ended by a STOP command, where SDA rises while SCL is
high (Figure 3), or a second START command, which is
commonly used to reverse data direction without
relinquishing the bus.
Data on the serial bus must be valid for the entire time SCL
is high (Figure 5). To achieve this, data being written to the
ISL98003 is latched on a delayed version of the rising edge
of SCL. SCL is delayed and deglitched inside the ISL98003
for three crystal clock periods (120ns for a 25MHz crystal) to
eliminate spurious clock pulses that could disrupt serial
communication.
When the contents of the ISL98003 are being read, the SDA
line is updated after the falling edge of SCL, delayed and
deglitched in the same manner.
Configuration Register Write
Figure 6 shows two views of the steps necessary to write
one or more words to the Configuration Register.
Configuration Register Read
Figure 7 shows two views of the steps necessary to read one
or more words from the Configuration Register.
SCL
SDA
START
STOP
FIGURE 3. VALID START AND STOP CONDITIONS
SCL FROM
HOST
1
8
9
DATA OUTPUT
FROM TRANSMITTER
DATA OUTPUT
FROM RECEIVER
START
ACKNOWLEDGE
FIGURE 4. ACKNOWLEDGE RESPONSE FROM RECEIVER
SCL
SDA
DATA STABLE
DATA CHANGE
DATA STABLE
FIGURE 5. VALID DATA CHANGES ON THE SDA BUS
28
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Signals the beginning of serial I/O
START COMMAND
ISL98003 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS
R/W
ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write
This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus.
1
0
0
1
1
0
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
0
0
A2
A1
A0
D2
D1
D0
The address is 0x98.
ISL98003 Register Address Write
This is the address of the ISL98003’s configuration register that
the following byte will be written to.
ISL98003 Register Data Write(s)
This is the data to be written to the ISL98003’s configuration register.
Note: The ISL98003’s Configuration Register’s address pointer auto
increments after each data write: repeat this step to write multiple
sequential bytes of data to the Configuration Register.
(REPEAT IF DESIRED)
Signals the ending of serial I/O
STOP COMMAND
SIGNALS
FROM THE
HOST
SDA BUS
S
T
A SERIAL BUS
R ADDRESS
T
REGISTER
ADDRESS
10011000
aaaaaaaa
A
C
K
SIGNALS
FROM THE
ISL98003
S
T
O
P
DATA
WRITE*
* The data write step may be repeated to write to the
ISL98003’s Configuration Register sequentially, beginning at
the Register Address written in the previous step.
dddddddd
A
C
K
A
C
K
FIGURE 6. CONFIGURATION REGISTER WRITE
29
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Signals the beginning of serial I/O
START COMMAND
ISL98003 SERIAL BUS ADDRESS
R/W
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
0
ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write
This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus. The
address is 0x98. R/W = 0, indicating next transaction will be a
write.
ISL98003 Register Address Write
A2
A1
A0
This sets the initial address of the ISL98003’s configuration
register for subsequent reading.
Ends the previous transaction and starts a new one
R/W
ISL98003 Serial Bus Address Write
START COMMAND
ISL98003 SERIAL BUS
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
1
D0
SDA BUS
aaaaaaaa
A
C
K
SIGNALS
FROM THE
ISL98003
R
E
S
T SERIAL BUS
A
R ADDRESS
T
REGISTER
ADDRESS
10011000
This is the data read from the ISL98003’s configuration register.
Signals the ending of serial I/O
STOP COMMAND
S
T SERIAL BUS
A
R ADDRESS
T
ISL98003 Register Data Read(s)
Note: The ISL98003’s Configuration Register’s address pointer
auto increments after each data read: repeat this step to read
multiple sequential bytes of data from the Configuration Register.
(REPEAT IF DESIRED)
SIGNALS
FROM THE
HOST
This is the 7-bit address of the ISL98003 on the 2-wire bus. The
address is 0x98. R/W = 1, indicating next transaction(s) will be a
read.
DATA
READ*
10011001
A
C
K
S
T
O
AP
C
K
* The data read step may be repeated to read
from the ISL98003’s Configuration Register
sequentially, beginning at the Register
Address written in the two steps previous.
Adddddddd
C
K
FIGURE 7. CONFIGURATION REGISTER READ
30
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008
ISL98003
Thin Plastic Quad Flatpack Exposed Pad Packages (EPTQFP)
E
E1
Q80.12x12
80 LEAD THIN PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK EXPOSED PAD
PACKAGE
MILLIMETERS
SYMBOL
D1
9.500 REF
80
D
TOP VIEW
1
PIN 1
12° ALL AROUND
11.950±0.100
B
12° ALL AROUND
Y
TYP
REMARKS
A
-
-
1.20
Overall height
0.05
0.10
0.15
Standoff
A2
0.90
1.00
1.10
Package thickness
D
13.8
14.0
14.2
Lead tip to tip
D1
11.9
12.0
12.1
Package length
E
13.8
14.0
14.2
Lead tip to tip
E1
11.9
12.0
12.1
Package width
L
0.45
0.60
0.75
Foot length
1.000 REF.
T
0.09
T1
0.097
a
SIDE VIEW
MAX
A1
L1
12.000±0.100
B
MIN
Lead length
0.150
0.20
0.127
0.157 Lead base metal thickness
0°~7°
Lead thickness
Foot angle
b
0.17
0.22
0.27
Lead width
b1
0.17
0.20
0.23
Lead base metal width
e
0.500 BASE
Lead pitch
EXPOSED
PAD AREA
ccc
-
0.080
-
Foot coplanarity
ddd
-
0.080
-
Foot position
Rev. 0 8/07
NOTES:
REF. 6.000
1. General tolerance. Distance: ±0.1000, Angle: ±2.5°
2. Matte finish on package body surface except ejection and pin 1
marking: Ra0.8~2.0um
BOTTOM VIEW
4. Package/lead frame misalignment (X, Y): MAX. 0.127
PIN 1
REF. 6.000
5. Top/bottom package misalignment (X, Y): MAX. 0.127
6. Drawing does not include plastic or metal protrusion or cutting
burr.
R0.080~0.200
e
b
ddd
L
C
7. Compliant to JEDEC standard MS-026.
b
T
b1
a
A1
C
0.250
c
ccc
A2
A
0.200 MIN.
.
0° MIN.
IN
0M
. 08
0
R
GAGE PLANE
R0.250 TYP
ALL AROUND
SEATING
PLANE
3. All molded body sharp corner radii unless otherwise specified:
MAX. R0.200
T1
SECTION B-B
L1
DETAIL "Y"
All Intersil U.S. products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.
Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.intersil.com/design/quality
Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without
notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result
from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries.
For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com
31
FN6760.0
September 12, 2008