Ordering number : EN4619B Monolithic linear IC LA1867NM Car Radio Single-Chip Tuner System Overview Package Dimensions The LA1867M is a high-performance multifunction (FMIF, noise canceller, MPX and MRC) single-chip tuner IC for use in car radios. High-quality tuners with superlative cost-performance characteristics can be constructed easily using this IC. unit: mm 3148-QIP44MA [LA1867NM] Functions • • • • FM-IF Noise canceller MPX MRC (multipath noise reduction circuit) Features • Forms a high-performance FM tuner when combined with the Sanyo LA1193 FM front-end IC. • Multiple functions, MRC circuit, dual diversity, and RDS handling • High performance, high sensitivity and high stability (excellent temperature characteristics) • High audio quality and noise reduction according to the reception conditions. • Miniaturization of the required external capacitors (electrolytic capacitors no longer required) • Easy adjustment (The SD, muting and SNC circuits are separated.) SANYO: QIP44MA Specifications Maximum Ratings at Ta = 25°C Parameter Maximum supply voltage Allowable power dissipation Symbol VCC max Conditions Rating Pins 4 and 31 Pdmax Unit 9.2 V 740 mV Operating temperature Topr –40 to +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg –40 to +150 °C Rating Unit Operating Conditions at Ta = 25°C Parameter Recommended supply voltage Operating supply voltage range Symbol Conditions VCC Pins 4 and 31 8.0 V VCC ST/SD Pins 29 and 44 5.0 V 7.0 to 9.0 V VCC op SANYO Electric Co.,Ltd. Semiconductor Bussiness Headquarters TOKYO OFFICE Tokyo Bldg., 1-10, 1 Chome, Ueno, Taito-ku, TOKYO, 110-8534 JAPAN 32096HA (OT)/D2593TS (OT) No. 4619-1/32 LA1867NM Operating Characteristics at Ta = 25°C, VCC = 8.5 V (Note that these measurements are made using the IC-51-044-464 IC socket manufactured by Yamaichi Electric Works, Ltd.) Rating Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max Unit [FM BLOCK] Quiescent current Demodulator output Channel balance ICCO-FM VO-FM CB No input (I4 + I31) 40 55 70 mA 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 7 output 175 260 350 mVrms 10.7 MHz,100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, the ratio of pin 7 to pin 8, Referenced to pin 7. –1.0 0 +1.0 dB 0.2 1.0 % Total harmonic distortion THD-FMmono 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 7 Signal-to-noise ratio (IF) S/N-FMIF 10.7 MHz,100 dBµ, 1 kHz, 100% mod, pin 7 73 80 dB 10.7 MHz,100 dBµ 1 kHz, fm = 1 kHz, Pin 7 when the AM modulation is 30% 57 70 dB Att-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 k Hz, the pin 7 attenuation when V22 goes from 0 to 1 V 20 25 30 dB Att-2 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 1 k Hz, the pin 7 attenuation when V22 goes from 0 to 2 V 28 33 38 dB 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L + R = 90%, pilot = 10%, the pin 7 output ratio 30 40 AM suppression ration (IF) AMRIF Muting attenuation Channel separation Separation Stereo on level ST-ON The pilot modulation level such that V44 becomes less than 0.5 V* 1.5 2.9 Stereo off level ST-OFF The pilot modulation level such that V44 becomes greater than 3.5 V* 0.8 1.9 Total harmonic distortion Pilot cancellation THD-MainL PCAN 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L + R = 90%, pilot = 10%, pin 7 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, pilot = 10%, pin 7 signal/PILOT-LEVEL leakage, DIN-audio filter SNC output voltage VOSUB 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L – R = 90%, pilot = 10%, V13 = 0.1 V, pin 7 SNC output attenuation AttSNC 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, L – R = 90%, pilot = 10%, V13 = 3 V to 0.6 V, pin 7 AttHCC-1 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L + R = 90 %, pilot = 10%, V14 = 3 V to 0.6 V, pin 7 AttHCC-2 10.7 MHz,100 dBµ, 10 kHz, L + R = 90 %, pilot = 10%, V14 = 3 V to 0.1 V, pin 7 HCC output attenuation Input limiting voltage Vi-lim 0.3 20 dB 5.0 % % 1.0 35 % dB 3 10 mVrms 2 6 10 dB 2 6 10 dB 6 10 14 dB 33 42 51 dBµ The IF unmodulated input level when V23 is 2 V. 32 40 48 dBµ The unmodulated IF input such that the SD pin voltage (V29) becomes 3.5 V or higher. 64 74 84 dBµ 160 230 320 mVrms 234 330 466 mVrms 10.7 MHz, 100dBµ, 100% mod, IF input such that the input reference output is down by –3 dB, when the soft muting function is operating Muting sensitivity SD sensitivity IF counter buffer output AM output Vi-Mute SDsen VIFBUFF-FM VO-AM 10.7 MHz, 100 dBµ, unmodulated, the pin 19 output The pin 7 output in AM mode (AC2 = 300 mV rms, 1 kHz, the pin 20 input) Note: * Unless otherwise specified, with an IHF-BPF/T200 inserted in the pin 7 and 8 MPX output circuit. Continued on next page. No. 4619-2/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Rating Parameter Symbol Conditions min typ max Unit [FM BLOCK] VSMFM-1 No input, pin 32 DC output, non-mod, SW-2 open 0.0 0.1 0.3 V VSMFM-2 50 dBµ, pin 32 DC output, non-mod, SW-2 open 1.0 2.1 3.3 V VSMFM-3 70 dBµ, pin 32 DC output, non-mod, SW-2 open 2.3 3.5 5.3 V VSMFM-4 100 dBµ, pin 32 DC output, non-mod, SW-2 open 4.7 6.0 6.7 V BW-Mute 100 dBµ, The bandwidth when V23 = 2 V, non-mod 110 190 290 kHz VMute-100 100 dBµ, pin 23 DC output, non-mod 0.00 0.03 0.20 V 35 55 75 µs 10 25 40 µs 50 75 mVp-o 1.85 1.95 15 30 Signal meter output Muting bandwidth Muting drive output [N.C BLOCK] Noise Canceller Input (pin 20), PG1 tGATE1 f = 1 kHz, 1 µs, with a 100 mV p-o pulse input, the time for V40 to become 1 V or higher Gate time Noise sensitivity [Multipath suppression circuit] MRC output MRC operating level tGATE2 f = 1 kHz, 1 µs, with a 100 mV p-o pulse input, with the MRC pin 15 input = 1 kHz, 30 mV rms SN With a 1 kHz signal such that the noise canceller operation is on, the 1 µs pulse input level, measure pin 20. MRC Input (AC1) VMRC MRC-ON V18 = 2 V, 1 kHz, 5 mV rms, the pin 12 voltage when there is a pin 15 input V18 = 2 V, the pin 15 input level such that V12 becomes 1.75 V 1.75 V mVrms Block Functions 1. FM-IF • • • • • • • • • • IF-limiter amplifier S-meter outputs (three systems) Quadrature detector AF preamplifier AFC output Muting circuit (band mute, weak input mute, soft mute) Control pins (SD, muting attenuation, soft mute on level) SD output IF counter buffer output S-meter output shifter 2. Noise canceller • • • • • • • Built-in high-pass filter Built-in low-pass filter delay circuit Noise AGC Pilot signal compensation circuit Noise reduction setting pin Noise canceller off in AM mode function High-pass filter “fc” control pin No. 4619-3/32 LA1867NM 3. MPX • • • • • • • Nonadjusting VCO (912 kHz) Level-following type pilot cancelation circuit SNC FM HCC Stereo/mono display output Built-in anti-birdie stereo decoder Automatic stereo/mono switching 4. MRC • • • • DC level shifter circuit Noise amplifier Noise detection circuit Time constant control circuit Block Features 1. FM-IF • The development of a high performance S-meter circuit has simplified all types of control. — High linearity S-meter circuit (6-stage detection type) — High quality S-meter (superlative temperature characteristics) • High quality design — Design that emphasizes temperature characteristics — S-meter, SD sensitivity, –3 dB L.S., etc. • Improved active characteristics — Muting circuit time constant control (Since the attack and recovery time can be set independently, the audio quality under multipath conditions can be improved.) — Three built-in S-meter circuits Soft mute/HCC time constants SD time constants Application design is eased since these can all be set independently. SNC time constants 2. Noise canceller • Noise canceller error prevention when a narrow band (150 kHz) ceramic filter is used • A new noise canceller system was developed. — Reduced noise canceller errors during overmodulated signal reception. — Reduced noise canceller errors under continuous noise conditions. • Miniaturization of the required external capacitors No. 4619-4/32 LA1867NM 3. MPX • Miniaturization of the required external components (nonadjusting 912 kHz VCO) • Improved basic performance — Pilot cancelation level (30 dB typ.) — No variation in mono output level due to separation adjustment (subcarrier output level adjustment type separation adjustment) — A new SNC curve was developed. — Built-in anti-birdie filters (114 kHz and 190 kHz) — Improved high region separation characteristics — Improved stereo signal-to-noise ratio 4. MRC • Controls the SNC and HCC circuit control signals by detecting the field strength (S-meter) and multipath noise. No. 4619-5/32 LA1867NM Test Circuit No. 4619-6/32 LA1867NM Block Diagram and Peripheral Circuits No. 4619-7/32 LA1867NM Pin Functions FM-IF Block Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin Function Equivalent internal circuit Note 18 S-meter output for MRC and SNC 32 S-meter output for muting drive and HCC 30 S-meter output for SD 28 S-meter output shift control pin The field strength can be shifted in the positive or negative direction with an external resistor on pin 28 without changing the S-meter slope. 20 Noise canceller input Noise canceller input The input impedance is 50 kΩ. 21 FM detector output 30 FM SD Adj Constant current drive type The slope can be changed by changing the value of the S-meter output resistance. FM detector output Low impedance in FM mode Pin 30 The comparison voltage is determined by the external resistor. Pin 30 is the S-meter output, and SD turns on when it exceeds the internal supply voltage. Continued on next page. No. 4619-8/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin Function 37 FM IF IN 36 IF BYPASS Equivalent internal circuit Note Limited amplifier input Select the capacitor grounding point carefully. ➀ The muting time constants from the external CR circuit are determined as follows. Attack time TA = R1 × C2 Release time TR = R2 × C2 ➁ 23 Mute drive output 22 Mute input Noise convergence will be maximum when V22 = 2 V. The variation range is 5 to 35 dB, taking the 1 kHz 22.5 kHz dev output as the reference. ➂ 33 FM mute ON Adj Noise convergence adjustment Divide the V23 voltage by R2 when there is no input at the antenna input, and input that voltage to pin 22. Muting off function The muting is turned off when pin 22 is shorted to ground. The muting on level is adjusted by changing the external resistance R. Continued on next page. No. 4619-9/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin Function 24 AFC 25 QD OUT 26 QD IN 27 VREF Equivalent internal circuit Note • R1 is the resistor that determines the band muting bandwidth. Increasing R1 reduces the bandwidth. Decreasing R1 increases the bandwidth. • Null voltage When tuned, the voltage between pins 24 and 27 will be 0 V. V24 – V27 = 0 V The band muting is turned on when | V24 – V27 | ≥ 0.7 V. 29 SD pin The SD output for the pin 30 SD. R determines the SD sensitivity. 30 SD sensitivity adjustment pin Pin 23 is coupled to the muting drive output. 19 IF counter buffer Seek/stop switch SD operates when the switch is off. This pin is used for both the IF counter buffer (AC output) and the seek/stop switch (DC input). It is not coupled to the SD output. The IF buffer is turned on and off by the pin 19 DC bias level. Pin 19: high → buffer on, low → buffer off. No. 4619-10/32 LA1867NM MPX Block Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin Function Equivalent internal circuit Note 5 Pilot detector The IC is forced to mono if a 1 MΩ resistor is inserted between pin 5 and VCC. 14 HCC control input pin HCC is off in AM mode. 13 SNC control input pin Controls the sub output with an input of between 0 and 1 V. Continued on next page. No. 4619-11/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin 10 11 Function Equivalent internal circuit Note PHASE COMP. 9 Separator adjustment pin The sub decoder input level is adjusted with a trimmer. (The output level in mono and main modes does not change.) 6 VCO The oscillator frequency is 912 kHz. Continued on next page. No. 4619-12/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Pin Function Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Equivalent internal circuit Note 3 Pilot cancellation signal output Pin 3 is the pilot cancellation signal output. 17 GND GND 7 MPX out (left) 8 MPX out (right) No. 4619-13/32 LA1867NM MPX Block Applications Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Pin Function Equivalent internal circuit Note 43 Pilot input Pin 43 is the PLL circuit signal input. 1 HCC capacitor The HCC frequency characteristics are determined by the capacitor connected at this pin. NC Block Pin 2 Function Pilot cancellation signal input Equivalent internal circuit Note The pilot signal level must be adjusted since it varies with manufacturing variations in the IF output level and other parameters. Continued on next page. No. 4619-14/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Pin 40 Function Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Equivalent internal circuit Note Time constant connection for the monostable multivibrator This time constant sets the gate time to 40 µs. The noise rejection ratio increases with the gate time. However, caution is required since multipath and the distortion sensitivity for overmodulated signals are degraded. Memory circuit pins The memory circuit used when the noise canceller operates 41 42 43 NC Block Applications Pin 20 Function Noise killer input Equivalent internal circuit Note The input impedance is about 50 kΩ. Continued on next page. No. 4619-15/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Pin 38 39 35 Function Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Equivalent internal circuit Note Noise AGC sensitivity adjustment pins Pin 38 is the noise sensitivity setting pin. First set the medium field (about 50 dBµ) level, and the set the weak field (about 20 to 30 dBµ) with pin 39 (AGC adjustment). HPF slope adjustment pin The slope of the high-pass filter can be adjusted by changing the value of the resistor (R) connected between pin 35 and ground. If this adjustment is not needed, pin 35 can be left open. MRC Block Pin Function 18 IF S-meter output and MRC DC input pin Equivalent internal circuit Note S-meter output block MRC DC input block Continued on next page. No. 4619-16/32 LA1867NM Continued from preceding page. Pin 12 Function Unit (resistance:Ω, capacitance:F) Equivalent internal circuit Note Equivalent internal circuit Note MRC output pin MRC Block Applications Pin 15 Function MRC AC input pin In methods in which the S-meter AC components are detected directly, the noise amplifier gain is determined by R2 and the 30 kΩ internal resistance, as shown in Figure 1. A certain degree of filtering characteristics can be provided with capacitor C1. In methods in which the S-meter high area components are detected, or the NC HDF noise output is detected, the noise amplifier gain is determined by R2 and 30 kΩ as shown in Ffigure 2. Here, the frequency characteristics are determined by C1. 34 MRC control voltage time constant 34 MRC control voltage time constant During discharge, the MRC detector time constant is determined by RS (1 kΩ) and CA. During charge, it is determined by IC and CA. 16 Time constant setting pin constant Attack time = CA × RS (Stereo → mono) Recovery time = CA × RA (Mono → stereo) No. 4619-17/32 LA1867NM Usage Notes 1. AM/FM switching: Pin 31 (IF VCC) This pin is shared with the IF VCC. When the FM IF is operated, the IC automatically switches to FM mode. (Note that the switching reference voltage is 3.3 V.) Pin V31 Mode 8V FM open AM Figure 1 2. FM SD and SD adjustment The FM SD and the IF counter buffer operate with the elements shown below. The following conditions are required for FM SD operation. • V30 > VA: The S-meter voltage must be higher than the regulator voltage. • V23 < 0.7 V (VBE): The Hall detector and band mute must not operate. • V29 = H: A high level must be applied to pin 29 through a 100 kΩ resistance. The following condition is required for IF buffer operation. • V19 = H: A high level must be applied to pin 19 through a 51 kΩ resistance. No. 4619-18/32 LA1867NM 3. FM muting on: Pin 33 (R33 = 100 kΩ) The –3 dB limiting sensitivity can be changed by varying R33. (Currently, R33 is 25 kΩ to set the –3 dB limiting sensitivity to 8 dBµ.) 4. FM muting attenuation adjustment: Pin 22 (R22 is a 30 or 50 kΩ variable resistor) The pin 23 voltage is divided by the R22 variable resistor and input to pin 22. The no-input noise convergence is determined by value of the pin 22 voltage. (The LA1867NM has a noise convergence design target of from 5 dB to 30 dB.) 5. Muting time constant The LA1867NM allows the volume level to be changed gradually for field variations during weak field reception by setting the attack and recovery times for the soft mute function. ➀ Attack time setting ta = R23 * C22 = 940 µsec ➁ Recovery time setting tr = C22 * R23 = 23500 µsec Unit (resistance: Ω, capacitance: F) 6. FM mute off function The muting function is turned off if pin 22 is forcibly connected to ground. No. 4619-19/32 LA1867NM MPX Block 1. HCC (high-cut control frequency characteristics (pin 1) During HCC control, the output signal frequency characteristics are determined by the capacitance of the external capacitor connected to pin 1. 2. Pilot cancellation adjustment (pins 2 and 3) The pin 3 pilot cancellation waveform is a 19 kHz signal that does not include a third upper harmonic component, as shown in the figure above. Also, no capacitor is required between pin 3 and ground since this signal is in phase with the pilot signal. Good pilot cancellation characteristics can be acquired in the left and right channels by adjusting the variable resistor, since the signal does not include a third upper harmonic component. 3. Separation adjustment (pin 9) The separation is adjusted by varying the sub-decoder input level with the pin 9 variable resistor. Only the sub-decoder level changes when the variable resistor is changed; the mono (main) output level does not change. Also, the decoder high-band separation in the sub signal frequency band (23 to 53 kHz) will not degraded if the external capacitor C’s value is made sufficiently smaller than the variable resistor’s impedance. No. 4619-20/32 LA1867NM Notes on Using the Application Circuits 1. NC Block • The input impedance of the noise canceller input is about 50 kΩ. Carefully consider the low area frequency characteristics when determining the value of the coupling capacitor. Note that when the value is 1 µF in the application circuit, fc will be about 3 Hz. • Pins 38 and 39 are used to set the noise detection sensitivity and the noise AGC. The values of the external components can be determined more easily by first setting the medium field (antenna input levels of about 50 dBµ) with the noise sensitivity setting pin (pin 38), and then setting the weak field (antenna input levels of about 20 to 30 dBµ) with the AGC adjustment pin (pin 39). Care is required in determining these settings since while the AGC operation improves as the noise detection sensitivity is increased, inversely, the weak field sensitivity decreases. • If noise is detected again during gating, since the monostable multivibrator will be reset, the gate time will change with the magnitude of the noise. Finally, set the gate time from the point noise is detected. When the circuit constants in the circuit connected to pin 40 are C = 0.001 µF and R = 12 kΩ, the gate time will be about 10 µs. 2. MRC Block • The MRC (multipath rejection circuit) supports three techniques as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4. Figure 2 shows the technique in which the S-meter AC component is detected directly. Figure 3 shows the technique in which the NC HPF noise is detected, and Figure 4 shows the technique in which multipath is detected using the S-meter high area components. Figure 2 Multipath Circuit Figure 3 Application Circuit Using NC HPF Noise Detection No. 4619-21/32 LA1867NM Figure 4 Application Circuit Using IF S-Meter High-Area Detection • In the technique in which the S-meter AC component is detected directly the noise amplifier gain is determined by R2 and the internal 30 kΩ resistance as shown in Figure 5. A certain degree of filtering characteristics can be provided with capacitor C1. Figure 5 • In the technique of Figure 4, in which multipath is detected using the S-meter high area components, and In the technique of Figure 3, in which the NC HPF noise is detected, the noise amplifier gain is determined by R2 and the internal 30 kΩ resistance as shown in Figure 6. The frequency characteristics of the circuit are determined by the capacitor C1. Figure 6 No. 4619-22/32 LA1867NM • The time constants with which the MRC controls the separation are determined by the internal 1 kΩ resistance and C2 on discharge, and the 7 µA fixed current and C2 on charge. Figure 7 Figure 8 Coil Specifications • Toko Electric Corporation Coils 7KLS M402AES-1298 6-4 6-3 3-1 C Q 4T 22 1/4T 65T 91 pF 30 4-3 3-1 C Q 18 1/4T 70 1/4T 100 pF 35 • Sumida Electric Coils QU-7L SA-208 • Ceramic Oscillators • Murata Mfg. Co., Ltd. CSB912JF104 No. 4619-23/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-24/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-25/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-26/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-27/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-28/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-29/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-30/32 LA1867NM No. 4619-31/32 LA1867NM ■ No products described or contained herein are intended for use in surgical implants, life-support systems, aerospace equipment, nuclear power control systems, vehicles, disaster/crime-prevention equipment and the like, the failure of which may directly or indirectly cause injury, death or property loss. ■ Anyone purchasing any products described or contained herein for an above-mentioned use shall: ➀ Accept full responsibility and indemnify and defend SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD., its affiliates, subsidiaries and distributors and all their officers and employees, jointly and severally, against any and all claims and litigation and all damages, cost and expenses associated with such use: ➁ Not impose any responsibility for any fault or negligence which may be cited in any such claim or litigation on SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD., its affiliates, subsidiaries and distributors or any of their officers and employees jointly or severally. ■ Information (including circuit diagrams and circuit parameters) herein is for example only; it is not guaranteed for volume production. SANYO believes information herein is accurate and reliable, but no guarantees are made or implied regarding its use or any infringements of intellectual property rights or other rights of third parties. This catalog provides information as of February, 1997. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. No. 4619-32/32