Film Capacitors EMI Suppression Capacitors (MKP) Series/Type: B32921C/D ... B32928C/D Date: December 2012 © EPCOS AG 2012. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this publication, enclosures hereto and the information contained therein without EPCOS' prior express consent is prohibited. EMI suppression capacitors (MKP) B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Typical applications X2 class for interference suppression "Across the line" applications Dimensional drawing Climatic Max. operating temperature: 110 °C Climatic category (IEC 60068-1): 40/105/56 Construction Dielectric: polypropylene (MKP) Plastic case (UL 94 V-0) Epoxy resin sealing (UL 94 V-0) Features Very small dimensions Self-healing properties RoHS-compatible Halogen-free capacitors available on request Terminals Parallel wire leads, lead-free tinned Special lead lengths available on request Marking Manufacturer's logo, lot number, date code, rated capacitance (coded), cap. tolerance (code letter), rated AC voltage, series number, sub-class (X2), dielectric code (MKP), climatic category, passive flammability category, approvals. Dimensions in mm Lead spacing ±0.4 10 15 22.5 27.5 37.5 52.5 Lead diameter d1 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 Marking Examples = 10 mm Delivery mode Bulk (untaped) Taped (Ammo pack or reel) For taping details, refer to chapter "Taping and packing" Type B32921 B32922 B32923 B32924 B32926 B32928 ≥ 15 mm/CR≤1 µF = 22.5, 27.5, 37 mm/CR>1 µF Approvals Approval marks Standards Certificate EN 60384-14, IEC 60384-14 40010694 UL 1414 / UL 1283 E97863 / E157153 CSA C22.2 No.1 / No. 8 E97863 / E157153 (approved by UL) CQC (GB/T 14472-1998) CQC06001015331 / CQC06001016454 Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 2 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Overview of available types Lead spacing 10 mm 15 mm 22.5 mm 27.5 mm 37.5 mm 52.5 mm Type B32922 B32923 B32924 B32926 B32928 B32921 CR (µF) 0.010 0.022 0.033 0.047 0.068 0.10 0.15 0.22 0.33 0.47 0.68 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.3 3.9 4.7 5.6 6.8 8.2 10 15 20 25 30 Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 3 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Ordering codes and packing units Lead spacing CR mm 10 15 22.5 µF 0.010 0.022 0.033 0.047 0.068 0.10 0.033 0.047 0.068 0.10 0.15 0.22 0.33 0.33 0.47 0.68 0.22 0.33 0.33 0.47 0.68 1.0 1.5 2.2 Max. dimensions w×h×l mm 4.0 × 9.0 × 13.0 4.0 × 9.0 × 13.0 4.0 × 9.0 × 13.0 5.0 × 11.0 × 13.0 6.0 × 12.0 × 13.0 6.0 × 12.0 × 13.0 5.0 × 10.5 × 18.0 5.0 × 10.5 × 18.0 5.0 × 10.5 × 18.0 5.0 × 10.5 × 18.0 6.0 × 12.0 × 18.0 7.0 × 12.5 × 18.0 8.0 × 14.0 × 18.0 8.5 × 14.5 × 18.0 9.0 × 17.5 × 18.0 11.0 × 18.5 × 18.0 6.0 × 15.0 × 26.5 6.0 × 15.0 × 26.5 7.0 × 16.0 × 26.5 8.5 × 16.5 × 26.5 10.5 × 16.5 × 26.5 11.0 × 20.5 × 26.5 12.0 × 22.0 × 26.5 14.5 × 29.5 × 26.5 Ordering code (composition see below) B32921C3103+*** ◆ B32921C3223+*** ◆ B32921C3333+*** ◆ B32921C3473+*** ◆ B32921C3683+*** B32921C3104M*** B32922C3333K*** B32922C3473K*** B32922C3683K*** ◆ B32922C3104+*** ◆ B32922C3154+*** ◆ B32922C3224+*** ◆ B32922C3334M*** ◆ B32922D3334K*** B32922C3474+*** ◆ B32922C3684+*** ◆ B32923C3224+*** B32923C3334M*** B32923D3334K*** B32923C3474+*** B32923C3684+*** B32923C3105+*** ◆ B32923C3155M*** B32923C3225+*** Ammo pack pcs./MOQ 4000 4000 4000 3320 2720 2720 4680 4680 4680 4680 3840 3320 2920 2720 2560 2720 2720 2320 1920 1560 1480 Reel pcs./ MOQ 6800 6800 6800 5200 4400 4400 5200 5200 5200 5200 4400 3600 3000 2800 2800 2200 2800 2800 2400 2000 1600 1400 ◆ Preferred type MOQ = Minimum Order Quantity, consisting of 4 packing units. For new design, please refer to the B3292xE/F data sheet. Further intermediate capacitance values on request. Composition of ordering code + = Capacitance tolerance code: M = ±20% K = ±10% *** = Packaging code: 289 = Ammo pack 189 = Reel 000 = Untaped (lead length 6 1 mm) (Closer tolerances on request) Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 4 of 17 Untaped pcs./ MOQ 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 4000 2000 2000 2000 1000 2880 2880 2520 2040 2160 2040 1800 1040 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Ordering codes and packing units Lead spacing CR mm 27.5 37.5 52.5 µF 0.68 1.0 1.5 2.2 3.3 3.3 4.7 4.7 5.6 2.2 3.3 3.9 4.7 5.6 6.8 8.2 10 15 15 20 25 30 Max. dimensions w×h×l mm 11.0 × 19.0 × 31.5 11.0 × 19.0 × 31.5 12.5 × 21.5 × 31.5 14.0 × 24.5 × 31.5 16.0 × 32.0 × 31.5 18.0 × 27.5 × 31.5 18.0 × 33.0 × 31.5 21.0 × 31.0 × 31.5 22.0 × 36.5 × 31.5 14.0 × 25.0 × 41.5 16.0 × 28.5 × 41.5 16.0 × 28.5 × 41.5 18.0 × 32.5 × 41.5 18.0 × 32.5 × 41.5 20.0 × 39.5 × 41.5 20.0 × 39.5 × 41.5 28.0 × 42.5 × 41.5 30.0 × 45.0 × 42.0 33.0 × 48.0 × 42.0 30.0 × 45.0 × 57.5 35.0 × 50.0 × 57.5 35.0 × 50.0 × 57.5 Ordering code (composition see below) B32924C3684+*** B32924C3105+*** B32924C3155+*** ◆ B32924C3225+*** B32924D3335K*** B32924C3335M*** B32924C3475M*** B32924D3475K*** B32924C3565+*** B32926C3225+*** B32926C3335+*** B32926C3395+*** B32926C3475+*** B32926C3565+*** B32926C3685+*** B32926C3825+*** B32926C3106+*** B32926C3156M*** B32926D3156+*** B32928C3206+*** B32928C3256+*** B32928C3306M*** Ammo pack pcs./MOQ Reel pcs./ MOQ 1400 1400 1200 ◆ Preferred type MOQ = Minimum Order Quantity, consisting of 4 packing units. For new design, please refer to the B3292xE/F data sheet. Further intermediate capacitance values on request. Composition of ordering code + = Capacitance tolerance code: M = ±20% K = ±10% *** = Packaging code: 289 = Ammo pack 189 = Reel 000 = Untaped (lead length 6 1 mm) (Closer tolerances on request) For the following types the safety approvals are pending: B32926C3156M000, B32926D3156K000, B32926D3156M000 B32928C3206K000, B32928C3206M000, B32928C3256K000, B32928C3256M000, B32928C3306M000 Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 5 of 17 Untaped pcs./ MOQ 1280 1280 1120 1040 880 800 800 720 784 1380 800 800 720 720 640 640 440 200 180 280 108 108 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Technical data Max. operating temperature Top,max Dissipation factor tan δ (in 10-3) at 20 °C (upper limit values) +110 °C Insulation resistance Rins or time constant τ = CR Rins CR≤0.33 µF at 20 °C, rel. humidity ≤ 65% (minimum as-delivered values) DC test voltage Passive flammability category to IEC 40 (CO) 752 CR≤0.1 µF 0.1µF<CR ≤2.2 µF CR >2.2 µF at 1 kHz 100 kHz 1.0 5.0 1.0 2.0 CR>0.33 µF 100 000 MΩ 30 000 s 2121 V, 2 s B Maximum continuous DC voltage VDC 630 V Maximum continuous AC voltage VAC 310 V (50/60 Hz) Rated AC voltage (IEC 60384-14) Operating AC voltage Vop at high temperature 305 V (50/60 Hz) TA ≤ 110 °C TA ≤ 110 °C Damp heat test Limit values after damp heat test 56 days / 40 °C / 93% relative humidity Capacitance change ∆C/C ≤ 5% Dissipation factor change ∆ tan δ ≤ 0.5 10-3 (at 1 kHz) Insulation resistance Rins ≤ 1.0 10-3 (at 10 kHz) or time constant τ = CR Rins ≥ 50% of minimum as-delivered values Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 6 of 17 Vop = VAC (continuously) Vop = 1.25 VAC (1000 h) B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Pulse handling capability "dV/dt" represents the maximum permissible voltage change per unit of time for non-sinusoidal voltages, expressed in V/µs. "k0" represents the maximum permissible pulse characteristic of the waveform applied to the capacitor, expressed in V2/µs. Note: The values of dV/dt and k0 provided below must not be exceeded in order to avoid damaging the capacitor. dV/dt and k0 values Lead spacing dV/dt in V/µs k0 in V2/µs 10 mm 475 408500 15 mm 340 292400 22.5 mm 170 146200 Impedance Z versus frequency f (typical values) Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 7 of 17 27.5 mm 120 103200 37.5 mm 80 68800 52.5 mm 50 43200 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Mounting guidelines 1 Soldering 1.1 Solderability of leads The solderability of terminal leads is tested to IEC 60068-2-20, test Ta, method 1. Before a solderability test is carried out, terminals are subjected to accelerated ageing (to IEC 60068-2-2, test Ba: 4 h exposure to dry heat at 155 °C). Since the ageing temperature is far higher than the upper category temperature of the capacitors, the terminal wires should be cut off from the capacitor before the ageing procedure to prevent the solderability being impaired by the products of any capacitor decomposition that might occur. Solder bath temperature 235 ±5 °C Soldering time 2.0 ±0.5 s Immersion depth 2.0 +0/0.5 mm from capacitor body or seating plane Evaluation criteria: Visual inspection Wetting of wire surface by new solder ≥90%, free-flowing solder 1.2 Resistance to soldering heat Resistance to soldering heat is tested to IEC 60068-2-20, test Tb, method 1A. Conditions: Series Solder bath temperature Soldering time MKT boxed (except 2.5 × 6.5 × 7.2 mm) 260 ±5 °C coated uncoated (lead spacing > 10 mm) MFP MKP (lead spacing > 7.5 mm) MKT boxed (case 2.5 × 6.5 × 7.2 mm) MKP (lead spacing ≤ 7.5 mm) MKT uncoated (lead spacing ≤ 10 mm) insulated (B32559) Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 8 of 17 10 ±1 s 5 ±1 s <4s recommended soldering profile for MKT uncoated (lead spacing ≤ 10 mm) and insulated (B32559) B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Immersion depth 2.0 +0/0.5 mm from capacitor body or seating plane Shield Heat-absorbing board, (1.5 ±0.5) mm thick, between capacitor body and liquid solder Evaluation criteria: Visual inspection ∆C/C0 tan δ Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. No visible damage 2% for MKT/MKP/MFP 5% for EMI suppression capacitors As specified in sectional specification Page 9 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC 1.3 General notes on soldering Permissible heat exposure loads on film capacitors are primarily characterized by the upper category temperature Tmax. Long exposure to temperatures above this type-related temperature limit can lead to changes in the plastic dielectric and thus change irreversibly a capacitor's electrical characteristics. For short exposures (as in practical soldering processes) the heat load (and thus the possible effects on a capacitor) will also depend on other factors like: Pre-heating temperature and time Forced cooling immediately after soldering Terminal characteristics: diameter, length, thermal resistance, special configurations (e.g. crimping) Height of capacitor above solder bath Shadowing by neighboring components Additional heating due to heat dissipation by neighboring components Use of solder-resist coatings The overheating associated with some of these factors can usually be reduced by suitable countermeasures. For example, if a pre-heating step cannot be avoided, an additional or reinforced cooling process may possibly have to be included. EPCOS recommends the following conditions: Pre-heating with a maximum temperature of 110 °C Temperature inside the capacitor should not exceed the following limits: MKP/MFP 110 °C MKT 160 °C When SMD components are used together with leaded ones, the leaded film capacitors should not pass into the SMD adhesive curing oven. The leaded components should be assembled after the SMD curing step. Leaded film capacitors are not suitable for reflow soldering. Uncoated capacitors For uncoated MKT capacitors with lead spacings ≤10 mm (B32560/B32561) the following measures are recommended: pre-heating to not more than 110 °C in the preheater phase rapid cooling after soldering Application note for X1 / X2 EMI capacitors Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 10 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Application note for the different possible X1 / X2 positions In series with the powerline (i.e. capacitive power supply) In parallel with the powerline Typical Applications: Standard X2 are used parallel over the mains for reducing electromagnetic interferences coming from the grid. For such purposes they must meet the applicable EMC directives and standards. Typical Applications: Power meters ECUs for white goods and household appliances Different sensor applications Severe ambient conditions Basic circuit Basic circuit Required features Required features High capacitance stability over the lifetime Narrow tolerances for a controlled current supply Recommended EPCOS product series Recommended EPCOS product series B3293* (305 V AC) heavy duty with EN approval for X2 (UL Q1/2010) B3292*7 (305 V AC) improved standard series, approved as X2 B3291* (330 V AC), approved as X1 B3265* MKP series standard MKP capacitor without safety approvals B3267*L MKP series standard MKP capacitor without safety approvals Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Standard safety approvals (ENEC, UL, CSA, CQC) High pulse load capability Withstand surge voltages B3292*C/D (305 V AC) standard series, approved as X2 B3292*E/F (305 V AC) miniaturized series (> 2.2 µF), approved as X2 B3291* (330 V AC), approved as X1 Page 11 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Cautions and warnings Do not exceed the upper category temperature (UCT). Do not apply any mechanical stress to the capacitor terminals. Avoid any compressive, tensile or flexural stress. Do not move the capacitor after it has been soldered to the PC board. Do not pick up the PC board by the soldered capacitor. Do not place the capacitor on a PC board whose PTH hole spacing differs from the specified lead spacing. Do not exceed the specified time or temperature limits during soldering. Avoid external energy inputs, such as fire or electricity. Avoid overload of the capacitors. The table below summarizes the safety instructions that must always be observed. A detailed description can be found in the relevant sections of the chapters "General technical information" and "Mounting guidelines". Topic Storage conditions Flammability Resistance to vibration Safety information Reference chapter "General technical information" Make sure that capacitors are stored within the 4.5 specified range of time, temperature and humidity "Storage conditions" conditions. Avoid external energy, such as fire or electricity 5.3 (passive flammability), avoid overload of the "Flammability" capacitors (active flammability) and consider the flammability of materials. Do not exceed the tested ability to withstand 5.2 vibration. The capacitors are tested to "Resistance to vibration" IEC 60068-2-6. EPCOS offers film capacitors specially designed for operation under more severe vibration regimes such as those found in automotive applications. Consult our catalog "Film Capacitors for Automotive Electronics". Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 12 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Topic Safety information Soldering Do not exceed the specified time or temperature limits during soldering. Cleaning Use only suitable solvents for cleaning capacitors. Embedding of When embedding finished circuit assemblies in capacitors in plastic resins, chemical and thermal influences finished assemblies must be taken into account. Caution: Consult us first, if you also wish to embed other uncoated component types! Reference chapter "Mounting guidelines" 1 "Soldering" 2 "Cleaning" 3 "Embedding of capacitors in finished assemblies" Design of EMI Capacitors EPCOS EMI capacitors use polypropylene (PP) film metalized with a thin layer of Zinc (Zn). The following key points have made this design suitable to IEC/UL testing, holding a minimum size. Overvoltage AC capability with very high temperature Endurance test of IEC60384-14 (3rd edition, 2005-07) / UL60384-14 (1st edition, 2009-04) must be performed at 1.25 × VR at maximum temperature, during 1000 hours, with a capacitance drift less than 10%. Higher breakdown voltage withstanding if compared to other film metallizations, like Aluminum. IEC60384-14 (3rd edition, 2005-07) / UL60384-14 (1st edition, 2009-04) establishes high voltage tests performed at 4.3 × VR 1 minute, impulse testing at 2500 V for C= 1 µF and active flammability tests. Damp heat steady state: 40 °C/ 93% RH / 56 days. (without voltage or current load) Effect of humidity on capacitance stability Long contact of a film capacitor with humidity can produce irreversible effects. Direct contact with liquid water or excess exposure to high ambient humidity or dew will eventually remove the film metallization and thus destroy the capacitor. Plastic boxed capacitors must be properly tested in the final application at the worst expected conditions of temperature and humidity in order to check if any parameter drift may provoke a circuit malfunction. In case of penetration of humidity through the film, the layer of Zinc can be degraded, specially under AC operation (change of polarity), accelerated by the temperature, provoking an increment of the serial resistance of the electrode and eventually a reduction of the capacitance value. For DC operation, the parameter drift is much less. Plastic boxes and resins can not protect 100% against humidity. Metal enclosures, resin potting or coatings or similar measures by customers in their applications will offer additional protection against humidity penetration. Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 13 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Symbols and terms Symbol α αC A βC C CR ∆C ∆C/C ∆C/CR dt ∆t ∆T ∆tan δ ∆V dV/dt ∆V/∆t E ESL ESR f f1 f2 fr FD FT i IC English Heat transfer coefficient Temperature coefficient of capacitance Capacitor surface area Humidity coefficient of capacitance Capacitance Rated capacitance Absolute capacitance change Relative capacitance change (relative deviation of actual value) Capacitance tolerance (relative deviation from rated capacitance) Time differential Time interval Absolute temperature change (self-heating) Absolute change of dissipation factor Absolute voltage change Time differential of voltage function (rate of voltage rise) Voltage change per time interval Activation energy for diffusion Self-inductance Equivalent series resistance Frequency Frequency limit for reducing permissible AC voltage due to thermal limits German Wärmeübergangszahl Temperaturkoeffizient der Kapazität Kondensatoroberfläche Feuchtekoeffizient der Kapazität Kapazität Nennkapazität Absolute Kapazitätsänderung Relative Kapazitätsänderung (relative Abweichung vom Ist-Wert) Kapazitätstoleranz (relative Abweichung vom Nennwert) Differentielle Zeit Zeitintervall Absolute Temperaturänderung (Selbsterwärmung) Absolute Änderung des Verlustfaktors Absolute Spannungsänderung Differentielle Spannungsänderung (Spannungsflankensteilheit) Spannungsänderung pro Zeitintervall Aktivierungsenergie zur Diffusion Eigeninduktivität Ersatz-Serienwiderstand Frequenz Grenzfrequenz für thermisch bedingte Reduzierung der zulässigen Wechselspannung Frequency limit for reducing permissible Grenzfrequenz für strombedingte AC voltage due to current limit Reduzierung der zulässigen Wechselspannung Resonant frequency Resonanzfrequenz Thermal acceleration factor for diffusion Therm. Beschleunigungsfaktor zur Diffusion Derating factor Deratingfaktor Current (peak) Stromspitze Category current (max. continuous Kategoriestrom (max. Dauerstrom) current) Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. Page 14 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Symbol IRMS iz k0 LS λ λ0 λtest Pdiss Pgen Q ρ R R Ri Rins RP RS S t T τ tan δ tan δD tan δP tan δS TA Tmax Tmin tOL Top TR Tref tSL VAC English (Sinusoidal) alternating current, root-mean-square value Capacitance drift Pulse characteristic Series inductance Failure rate Constant failure rate during useful service life Failure rate, determined by tests Dissipated power Generated power Heat energy Density of water vapor in air Universal molar constant for gases Ohmic resistance of discharge circuit Internal resistance Insulation resistance Parallel resistance Series resistance severity (humidity test) Time Temperature Time constant Dissipation factor Dielectric component of dissipation factor Parallel component of dissipation factor Series component of dissipation factor Ambient temperature Upper category temperature Lower category temperature Operating life at operating temperature and voltage Operating temperature Rated temperature Reference temperature Reference service life AC voltage Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. German (Sinusförmiger) Wechselstrom Inkonstanz der Kapazität Impulskennwert Serieninduktivität Ausfallrate Konstante Ausfallrate in der Nutzungsphase Experimentell ermittelte Ausfallrate Abgegebene Verlustleistung Erzeugte Verlustleistung Wärmeenergie Dichte von Wasserdampf in Luft Allg. Molarkonstante für Gas Ohmscher Widerstand des Entladekreises Innenwiderstand Isolationswiderstand Parallelwiderstand Serienwiderstand Schärfegrad (Feuchtetest) Zeit Temperatur Zeitkonstante Verlustfaktor Dielektrischer Anteil des Verlustfaktors Parallelanteil des Verlfustfaktors Serienanteil des Verlustfaktors Umgebungstemperatur Obere Kategorietemperatur Untere Kategorietemperatur Betriebszeit bei Betriebstemperatur und -spannung Beriebstemperatur Nenntemperatur Referenztemperatur Referenz-Lebensdauer Wechselspannung Page 15 of 17 B32921C/D ... B32928C/D X2 / 305 V AC Symbol VC VC,RMS English Category voltage Category AC voltage VCD Vch VDC VFB Vi Vo Vop Vp Vpp VR Corona-discharge onset voltage Charging voltage DC voltage Fly-back capacitor voltage Input voltage Output voltage Operating voltage Peak pulse voltage Peak-to-peak voltage Impedance Rated voltage Amplitude of rated AC voltage R VRMS German Kategoriespannung (Sinusförmige) Kategorie-Wechselspannung Teilentlade-Einsatzspannung Ladespannung Gleichspannung Spannung (Flyback) Eingangsspannung Ausgangssspannung Betriebsspannung Impuls-Spitzenspannung Spannungshub Nennspannung Amplitude der Nenn-Wechselspannung VSC Vsn (Sinusoidal) alternating voltage, root-mean-square value S-correction voltage Snubber capacitor voltage Z Impedance Spannung bei Anwendung "S-correction" Spannung bei Anwendung "Beschaltung" Scheinwiderstand Lead spacing Rastermaß Please read Cautions and warnings and Important notes at the end of this document. (Sinusförmige) Wechselspannung Page 16 of 17 Important notes The following applies to all products named in this publication: 1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on our products in the areas of application concerned. We nevertheless expressly point out that such statements cannot be regarded as binding statements about the suitability of our products for a particular customer application. As a rule, EPCOS is either unfamiliar with individual customer applications or less familiar with them than the customers themselves. For these reasons, it is always ultimately incumbent on the customer to check and decide whether an EPCOS product with the properties described in the product specification is suitable for use in a particular customer application. 2. We also point out that in individual cases, a malfunction of electronic components or failure before the end of their usual service life cannot be completely ruled out in the current state of the art, even if they are operated as specified. In customer applications requiring a very high level of operational safety and especially in customer applications in which the malfunction or failure of an electronic component could endanger human life or health (e.g. in accident prevention or lifesaving systems), it must therefore be ensured by means of suitable design of the customer application or other action taken by the customer (e.g. installation of protective circuitry or redundancy) that no injury or damage is sustained by third parties in the event of malfunction or failure of an electronic component. 3. The warnings, cautions and product-specific notes must be observed. 4. In order to satisfy certain technical requirements, some of the products described in this publication may contain substances subject to restrictions in certain jurisdictions (e.g. because they are classed as hazardous). Useful information on this will be found in our Material Data Sheets on the Internet (www.epcos.com/material). Should you have any more detailed questions, please contact our sales offices. 5. We constantly strive to improve our products. Consequently, the products described in this publication may change from time to time. The same is true of the corresponding product specifications. Please check therefore to what extent product descriptions and specifications contained in this publication are still applicable before or when you place an order. We also reserve the right to discontinue production and delivery of products. Consequently, we cannot guarantee that all products named in this publication will always be available. The aforementioned does not apply in the case of individual agreements deviating from the foregoing for customer-specific products. 6. Unless otherwise agreed in individual contracts, all orders are subject to the current version of the "General Terms of Delivery for Products and Services in the Electrical Industry" published by the German Electrical and Electronics Industry Association (ZVEI). 7. The trade names EPCOS, BAOKE, Alu-X, CeraDiode, CeraLink, CSMP, CSSP, CTVS, DeltaCap, DigiSiMic, DSSP, FilterCap, FormFit, MiniBlue, MiniCell, MKD, MKK, MLSC, MotorCap, PCC, PhaseCap, PhaseCube, PhaseMod, PhiCap, SIFERRIT, SIFI, SIKOREL, SilverCap, SIMDAD, SiMic, SIMID, SineFormer, SIOV, SIP5D, SIP5K, ThermoFuse, WindCap are trademarks registered or pending in Europe and in other countries. Further information will be found on the Internet at www.epcos.com/trademarks. Page 17 of 17