HIGH VOLTAGE POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA88 • PA88A HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 FEATURES • • • • • HIGH VOLTAGE — 450V (±225V) LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT — 2mA HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT — 100mA PROGRAMMABLE CURRENT LIMIT LOW BIAS CURRENT — FET Input APPLICATIONS • • • • PATENTED PIEZOELECTRIC POSITIONING HIGH VOLTAGE INSTRUMENTATION ELECTROSTATIC TRANSDUCERS PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 440V TYPICAL APPLICATION RF DESCRIPTION The PA88 is a high voltage, low quiescent current MOSFET operational amplifier designed for output currents up to 100mA. Output voltages can swing up to ±215V with a dual supply and up to +440 volts with a single supply. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be observed with all types of loads by choosing an appropriate current limiting resistor. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration. All internal biasing is referenced to a bootstrapped zener-MOSFET current source. As a result, the PA88 features an unprecedented supply range and excellent supply rejection. The MOSFET output stage is biased on for linear operation. External compensation provides user flexibility. This hybrid circuit utilizes beryllia (BeO) substrates, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of compressible thermal isolation washers and/or improper mounting torque will void the product warranty. Please see “General Operating Considerations”. Q2 D19 COMP 7 8 Q8 Q6 Q10A Q7 PIEZO DRIVE V OUT PA88 COMPUTER FOCUS COMMAND VOLTAGE –V S LOWPOWER,PIEZOELECTRICPOSITIONING Piezo positioning may be applied to the focusing of segmented mirror systems. The composite mirror may be composed of hundreds of elements, each requiring focusing under computer control. In such complex systems the PA88’s advantage of low quiescent power consumption reduces the costs of power supplies and cooling, while providing the interface between the computer and the high voltage drive to the piezo positioners. + IN 4 1 OUT Q10B R CL CL 3 Q17 Q18 PHASE COMPENSATION 2 1 OUT CL 2 TOP VIEW –IN Q11 Q13 +Vs +IN 4 Q9 Q12 – IN 5 R IN 3 +VS D1 Q1 CC EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC Q4 +V S 5 8 6 –Vs GAIN CC RC 1 10 20 100 68pf 33pf 15pf 3.3pf 100 Ω 100 Ω 100 Ω — COMP CC 7 R CL = .7 ILIM COMP RC CC RATED FOR FULL SUPPLY VOLTAGE Q16 D2 –VS 6 APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PA88 • PA88A SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +VS to –VS OUTPUT CURRENT, source, sink POWER DISSIPATION, continuous @ TC = 25°C INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s max TEMPERATURE, junction2 TEMPERATURE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER 450V See SOA 15W ±25V ±VS 300°C 150°C –65 to +150°C –55 to +125°C PA88 TEST CONDITIONS 1 MIN PA88A TYP MAX .5 10 1 75 5 .01 2.5 1011 4 2 30 5 MIN TYP MAX UNITS .25 5 * * 3 * 3 * * .5 10 * * * mV µV/°C µV/V µV/√kh pA pA/V pA Ω pF V dB µVrms * * * * * dB MHz kHz ° * * * * * * * * * V V V mA V/µs V/µs pf µs Ω INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. time BIAS CURRENT, initial3 BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial3 INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE4 COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC NOISE Full temperature range VCM = ±90V 100kHz BW, RS = 1KΩ, CC = 15pf ±VS–12 90 50 100 * * 110 2 10 20 GAIN OPEN LOOP, @ 15Hz GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT at 1MHz POWER BANDWIDTH PHASE MARGIN RL = 2KΩ, CC = OPEN RL = 2KΩ, CC = 15pf, RC = 100Ω RL = 2KΩ, CC = 15pf, RC = 100Ω Full temperature range 96 111 2.1 6 60 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING4 VOLTAGE SWING4 VOLTAGE SWING4 CURRENT, continuous SLEW RATE, AV = 20 SLEW RATE, AV = 100 CAPACITIVE LOAD, AV = +1 SETTLING TIME to .1% RESISTANCE, no load IO = ±100mA Full temp. range, IO = ±75mA Full temp. range, IO = ±20mA TC = 85°C CC = 15pf, RC = 100Ω CC = OPEN Full temperature range CC = 15pf, RC = 100Ω, 2V step RCL = 0 ±VS–12 ±VS–9.8 ±VS–8.5 ±VS–7.5 ±VS–8.0 ±VS–5.2 ±100 8 30 470 10 100 * * * POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE6 CURRENT, quiescent, See note 6 ±15 ±200 1.7 ±225 2 * * * * * V mA * * °C/W °C/W °C/W °C THERMAL RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case5 RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: * 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. CAUTION Full temperature range, F > 60Hz Full temperature range, F < 60Hz Full temperature range Meets full range specifications 5.0 8.3 30 –25 * +85 * * The specification of PA88A is identical to the specification for PA88 in applicable column to the left. Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, compensation = CC = 68pF, RC = 100Ω. DC input specifications are ± value given. Power supply voltage is typical rating. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. Doubles for every 10°C of temperature increase. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative power supply rail respectively. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. Derate max supply rating .625 V/°C below 25°C case. No derating needed above 25°C case. The PA88 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 PA88 • PA88A POWER DERATING 15 PHASE RESPONSE C C = 3.3pF PHASE, φ (°) 10 7.5 T = TA 5 C C = 33pF –90 C C = 68pF –120 C C = 33pF –180 C C = 3.3pF –210 150 DISTORTION, (%) 3 C 5° 12 .01 2 .001 1 .0001 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 COMPENSATION CAPACITOR, CC (pF) 80 60 40 20 1M 25 1K 30 300 3K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 30K 20 50K 100K 2K 3K 5K 10K 20K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) INPUT NOISE 15 10 7 5 3 2 10 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 100 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1M CURRENT LIMIT 140 200 CURRENT LIMIT, I LIM (mA) 100 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) COMMON MODE REJECTION 120 3 pf 5 .1 3.3 R L = 2K Ω P O = 2.5W AV = 30 1 10 50 100 60 20 40 80 OUTPUT CURRENT, I O (mA) HARMONIC DISTORTION 20 75 2 0 = 4 pf TC = –55°C 125 100 pf 6 30 100 1K 10K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 25° 250 15 C T C= 10 10 85 TC 8 SLEW RATE 50 1 °C = = 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 10 CC 1 POWER RESPONSE 500 pf –20 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING 12 33 0 450 0 100 300 200 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VS (V) 68 C C = 68pF 20 1.0 = 40 1.25 = C C = 33pF 1.5 CC C C = 15pF 60 °C TC = 25 5°C TC = -5 1.75 CC C C = 3.3pF 80 5°C TC = 12 2.0 CC 100 2.25 10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) = SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 120 1 C 25 50 75 100 125 TEMPERATURE, T (°C) VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, V S – VO (V) 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) 0 SLEW RATE, (V/ µ S) C C = 68pF –150 2.5 OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB) –60 INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, VN (nV/ √ Hz) T = TC QUIESCENT CURRENT, I Q (mA) –30 12.5 COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB) QUIESCENT CURRENT 2.5 0 T INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS 120 100 80 60 40 20 120 100 70 50 30 20 10 1 10 100 1K 10K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1M 50 3 5 10 20 100 150 CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR, RCL (Ω ) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION • TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL [email protected] OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA88 • PA88A GENERAL Please read the “General Operating Considerations” section, which covers stability, supplies, heatsinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Additional information can be found in the application notes. For information on the package outline, heatsinks, and mounting hardware, consult the “Accessory and Package Mechanical Data” section of the handbook. POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION CURRENT LIMIT For proper operation, the current limit resistor (RCL) must be connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value is 3.5 ohm, however for optimum reliability the resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is calculated as follows; with the maximum practical value of 150 ohms. .7 RCL = ILIM SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The MOSFET output stage of this power operational amplifier has two distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs. NOTE: The output stage is protected against transient flyback. OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +VS OR –VS, (mA) 250 10 150 0m S 20 0m 100 S DC ,T C DC 50 ,T C ,T C = = 25 °C 85 °C DC 25 applications 1N4148 or 1N914 signal diodes are sufficient (D1, D2 in Figure 2a). In more demanding applications where low leakage or low capacitance are of concern 2N4416 or 2N54572N5459 JFETs connected as diodes will be required (Q1, Q2 in Figure 2b). In either case the input differential voltage will be clamped to ±.7V. This is sufficient overdrive to produce maximum power bandwidth. = 12 5° Unidirectional zener diode transient suppressors are recommended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated for transient performance including power-on overshoot and power-off polarity reversal as well as line regulation. Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity reversals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and physically as close to the amplifier as possible. STABILITY The PA88 has sufficient phase margin to be stable with most capacitive loads at a gain of 4 or more, using the recommended phase compensation. The PA88 is externally compensated and performance can be tailored to the application. Use the graphs of small signal response and power response as a guide. The compensation capacitor CC must be a. +VS rated at 500V working Z1 voltage. An NPO capacitor is recommended. The compensation network 3 5 CCRC must be mounted –IN closely to the amplifier D1 D2 PA88 pins 7 and 8 to avoid +IN 4 spurious oscillation. 6 C 15 Z2 –VS 10 b. 5 25 +VS Z1 PULSE CURVES @ 10% DUTY CYCLE MAX 50 75 100 125 250 500 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL, VS –VO (V) However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. 5 –IN Q1 +IN INPUT PROTECTION Although the PA88 can withstand differential input voltages up to ±25V, additional external protection is recommended, and required at total supply voltages above 300 volts. In most Q2 4 3 PA88 6 Z2 FIGURE 2. OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION –VS This data sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies or omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice. PA88U REV. I MARCH 1999 © 1999 Apex Microtechnology Corp.