bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 2.5A, Dual-Input, Single Cell Switch Mode Li-Ion Battery Charger with Power Path Management Check for Samples: bq24165 , bq24166, bq24167 FEATURES APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • High-Efficiency Switch Mode Charger with Separate Power Path Control – Make a GSM Call with a Deeply Discharged Battery or No Battery – Instantly Startup System from a Deeply Discharged Battery or No Battery Dual Input Charger – 20V Input Rating, With Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) – 6.5V for USB Input – 10.5V for IN Input – Integrated FETs for Up to 2.5A Charge Rate – Up to 2.5A from IN Input – Up to 1.5A from USB Input Highly Integrated Battery N-Channel MOSFET Controller for Power Path Management Safe and Accurate Battery Management Functions – 0.5% Battery Regulation Accuracy – 10% Charge Current Accuracy Adjustable Charge Current, Input Current Limit, and VINDPM Threshold (for IN input) Easy JEITA Implementation – Charge Parameter Selector Inputs (CE1, CE2) for (bq24165) Voltage-based, NTC Monitoring Input (TS) – Standard Temperature Range (bq24166) – JEITA Compatible (bq24167) Thermal Regulation Protection for Output Current Control Low Battery Leakage Current, BAT ShortCircuit Protection Soft-Start Feature to Reduce Inrush Current Thermal Shutdown and Protection Available in Small 2.8mm x 2.8mm 49-ball WCSP or 4mm x 4mm QFN-24 Packages Handheld Products Portable Media Players Portable Equipment Netbook and Portable Internet Devices DESCRIPTION The bq24165, bq24166 and bq24167 are highly integrated single cell Li-Ion battery charger and system power path management devices targeted for space-limited, portable applications with high capacity batteries. The single cell charger has dual inputs which allow operation from either a USB port or higher power input supply (i.e., AC adapter or wireless charging input) for a versatile solution. The two inputs are fully isolated from each other and are managed by the bq24165/166/167 with the IN input having precedence. APPLICATION SCHEMATIC AC Adapter or Wireless Power SW IN System Load VDPM PMIDI VBUS D+ D– GND BOOT USB SYS PMIDU BAT IUSB1 IUSB2 HOST IUSB3 CE1 CE2 TEMP PACK+ PGND CHG PG DRV + – 1 PACK– 1 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED) The power path management feature allows the bq24165/166/167 to power the system from a high efficiency DC to DC converter while simultaneously and independently charging the battery. The charger monitors the battery current at all times and reduces the charge current when the system load requires current above the input current limit. This allows for proper charge termination and timer operation. The system voltage is regulated to the battery voltage but will not drop below 3.5V. This minimum system voltage support enables the system to run with a defective or absent battery pack and enables instant system turn-on even with a totally discharged battery or no battery. The power-path management architecture also permits the battery to supplement the system current requirements when the adapter cannot deliver the peak system currents. This enables the use of a smaller adapter. The 2.5A input current capability allows for GSM phone calls as soon as the adapter is plugged in regardless of the battery voltage. The battery is charged in three phases: conditioning, constant current and constant voltage. In all charge phases, an internal control loop monitors the IC junction temperature and reduces the charge current if the internal temperature threshold is exceeded. Additionally, the bq24166 and bq24167 offer a voltage-based battery pack thermistor monitoring input (TS) that monitors battery temperature for safe charging. The TS function for bq24166 is JEITA compatible. ⋁⊕ ORDERING INFORMATION 2 PART NUMBER USB OVP IN OVP NTC MONITORING (TS) JEITA COMPATIBLE Package bq24165YFFR 6.5V 10.5 V No Yes WCSP bq24165YFFT 6.5 V 10.5 V No Yes WCSP bq24165RGER 6.5V 10.5 V No Yes QFN bq24165RGET 6.5 V 10.5 V No Yes QFN bq24166YFFR 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes No WCSP bq24166YFFT 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes No WCSP bq24166RGER 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes No QFN bq24166RGET 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes No QFN bq24167YFFR 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes Yes WCSP bq24167YFFT 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes Yes WCSP bq24167RGER 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes Yes QFN bq24167RGET 6.5 V 10.5 V Yes Yes QFN Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) VALUE/UNITS Pin voltage range (with respect to PGND) IN, USB –2 V to 20 V PMIDI, PMIDU, BOOT –0.3 V to 20 V SW –0.7 V to 12V ISET, ILIM, SCL, SYS, BAT, BGATE, DRV, PG, CHG, VDPM, IUSB_, CE_,TS –0.3 V to 7 V BOOT to SW –0.3 V to 7 V Output current (Continuous) Input current (Continuous) Output sink current SW 4.5 A SYS, BAT 3.5 A IN 2.75 A USB 1.75 A PG, CHG 10 mA Operating free-air temperature range –40°C to 85°C Junction temperature, TJ –40°C to 125°C Storage temperature, TSTG –65°C to 150°C Lead temperature (soldering, 10 s) (1) 300°C Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltage values are with respect to the network ground terminal unless otherwise noted. THERMAL INFORMATION THERMAL METRIC (1) bq2416x 49 PINS (YFF) 24 PINS (RGE) θJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 49.8 32.6 θJCtop Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 0.2 30.5 θJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 1.1 3.3 ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 1.1 0.4 ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 6.6 9.3 θJCbot Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance n/a 2.6 (1) UNITS °C/W For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) VIN VUSB MIN MAX UNITS IN voltage range 4.2 18 (1) V IN operating voltage range 4.2 10 USB voltage range 4.2 18 (1) USB operating range 4.2 6 V IIN Input current, IN input 2.5 A IUSB Input current USB input 1.5 A ISYS Ouput current from SW, DC 3 A IBAT Charging 2.5 A Discharging, using internal battery FET TJ (1) Operating junction temperature range 0 2.5 A 125 °C The inherent switching noise voltage spikes should not exceed the absolute maximum rating on either the BOOT or SW pins. A tight layout minimizes switching noise. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 3 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Circuit of Figure 1, VSUPPLY = VUSB or VIN (whichever is supplying the IC), VUVLO < VSUPPLY < VOVP and VSUPPLY > VBAT+VSLP, mm TJ = 0°C–125°C and TJ = 25ºC for typical values (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN VUVLO < VSUPPLY < VOVP and VSUPPLY > VBAT+VSLP, PWM switching TYP MAX UNITS 15 mA ISUPPLY Supply current for control (VIN or VUSB) VUVLO < VSUPPLY < VOVP and VSUPPLY > VBAT+VSLP, PWM NOT switching IBATLEAK Leakage current from BAT to the Supply 0°C < TJ < 85°C, VBAT = 4.2 V, VUSB = VIN = 0 V IBAT_HIZ Battery discharge current in high impedance mode, (BAT, SW, SYS) 0°C < TJ < 85°C, VBAT = 4.2 V, VSUPPLY = 0 V or 5V IUSB1=IUSB2=IUSB3=1, High-Z mode 5 0°C < TJ < 85°C, High-Z Mode 175 μA 5 μA 55 μA POWER PATH MANAGEMENT VSYS(REG) VBAT < VMINSYS System regulation voltage VSYSREGFETOFF 3.6 3.7 3.82 4.26 4.33 4.37 3.5 3.62 V Battery FET turned off, Charge disable or termination VMINSYS Minimum system regulation voltage VBAT < VMINSYS, Input current limit or VINDPM active VBSUP1 Enter supplement mode threshold VBAT > 2.5 V 3.4 VBAT – 40mV V VBSUP2 Exit supplement mode threshold VBAT > 2.5 V VBAT – 10mV V ILIM(Discharge) Current limit, discharge or supplement mode Current monitored in internal FET only. 7 A tDGL(SC1) Deglitch time, OUT short circuit during discharge or supplement mode Measured from(VBAT -VSYS) = 300mV to VBGATE = (VBAT - 600mV) 250 μs tREC(SC1) Recovery time, OUT short circuit during discharge or supplement mode 60 ms Battery range for BGATE operation 2.5 4.5 V V BATTERY CHARGER RON(BAT-SYS) VBATREG Measured from BAT to SYS, VBAT = 4.2 V Internal battery charger MOSFET onresistance Battery regulation voltage YFF pkg 37 57 RGE pkg 50 70 mΩ TA = 25°C, CE1 = CE2 = 0 4.179 4.2 4.221 CE1=CE2 = 0 or VWARM < VTS < VCOOL 4.160 4.2 4.24 TA = 25°C, CE1=1, CE2=0 4.04 4.06 4.08 CE1=1, CE2=0 or VHOT < VTS < VWARM 4.02 4.06 4.1 V KISET ICHARGE Charge current programmable range ICHARGE = 490 540 Programmable fast charge current factor TA = 0°C to 125°C, CE1=CE2=0 or VWARM < VTS < VCOOL 450 KISET TA = 0°C to 125°C, CE1 = 1, CE2 = 0 or VCOLD < VTS < VCOOL 225 245 270 2.9 3.0 3.1 550 RISET 2500 mA AΩ VBATSHRT Battery short threshold VBAT Rising VBATSHRThys Battery short threshold hysteresis VBAT Falling 100 mV IBATSHRT Battery short current VBAT < VBATSHRT 50.0 mA tDGL(BATSHRT) Deglitch time for battery short to fastcharge transition ITERM Termination charge current tDGL(TERM) Deglitch time for charge termination Both rising and falling, 2-mV over- drive, tRISE, tFALL = 100 ns VRCH Recharge threshold voltage Below VBATREG tDGL(RCH) Deglitch time VBAT falling below VRCH, tFALL=100ns 32 V ms ICHARGE ≤ 1 A 7 10 11.5 ICHARGE >1 A 8 10 11 %ICHARGE 32 ms 120 mV 32 ms IDETECT Battery detection current before charge done (sink current) 2.5 mA tDETECT Battery detection time 250 ms INPUT PROTECTION IIN_USB Input current limiting threshold (USB input only) USB charge mode, VUSB = 5V, Current pulled from PMIDU IINUSB=USB100 90 95 100 IINUSB=USB500 450 475 500 IINUSB=USB150 135 142.5 150 IINUSB=USB900 800 850 900 mA IINUSB=USB800 IINUSB=1.5A 4 Submit Documentation Feedback 700 750 800 1250 1400 1500 Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Circuit of Figure 1, VSUPPLY = VUSB or VIN (whichever is supplying the IC), VUVLO < VSUPPLY < VOVP and VSUPPLY > VBAT+VSLP, mm TJ = 0°C–125°C and TJ = 25ºC for typical values (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS IINLIM Maximum input current limit programmable range for IN input KILIM Maximum input current factor for IN input VIN_DPM_IN VIN_DPM threshold programmable range for IN Input IINLIM = KILIM RILIM MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2500 mA 251 264 AΩ 10 V 1.18 1.2 1.22 V 4.175 4.28 4.36 4.35 4.44 4.52 5 5.2 5.45 1000 238 4.2 VDPM threshold USB100, USB150 VIN_DPM_USB VIN_DPM threshold for USB Input V VDRV Internal bias regulator voltage IDRV DRV Output current VDO_DRV DRV Dropout voltage (VSUPPLY – VDRV) ISUPPLY = 1 A, VSUPPLY = 5 V, IDRV = 10 mA VUVLO Under-voltage lockout threshold voltage VIN or VUSB rising, 150mV Hysteresis VSLP Sleep-mode entry threshold, VSUPPLYVBAT 2.0 V ≤ VBAT ≤ VOREG, VIN falling VSLP_EXIT Sleep-mode exit hysteresis 2.0 V ≤ VBAT ≤ VOREG Deglitch time for supply rising above VSLP+VSLP_EXIT Rising voltage, 2-mV over drive, tRISE = 100 ns USB500, USB800, USB900, 1.5A current limit selected V 10 USB, VUSB Rising VOVP Input supply OVP threshold voltage VOVP(HYS) VOVP hysteresis Supply falling from VOVP VBOVP Battery OVP threshold voltage VBAT threshold over VOREG to turn off charger during charge VBATUVLO Battery UVLO threshold voltage ILIMIT Cycle by Cycle current limit TSHUTDWN Thermal shutdown TREG Thermal regulation threshold IN, VIN Rising mA 450 mV 3.6 3.8 4.0 V 0 40 100 mV 40 100 175 mV 30 ms 6.3 6.5 6.7 10.3 10.5 10.7 1.025 × VBATREG 1.05 × VBATREG V 100 mV 1.075 × VBATREG V 2.5 4.1 10C Hysteresis 4.9 V 5.6 A 165 C 120 Safety Timer 324 360 C 396 min IUSB_, CE_, PG, CHG VIH Input high threshold VIL Input low threshold 1.3 IIH High-level leakage current VCHG = VPG = 5V VOL Low-level output saturation voltage IO = 10 mA, sink current V 0.4 V 1 µA 0.4 V PWM CONVERTER Internal top reverse blocking MOSFET onresistance IIN_LIMIT = 500 mA, Measured from VUSB to PMIDU 95 175 IIN_LIMIT = 500 mA, Measured from VIN to PMIDI 45 80 Internal top N-channel Switching MOSFET on-resistance Measured from PMIDU to SW 100 175 Measured from PMIDI to SW 65 110 Internal bottom N-channel MOSFET onresistance fOSC Oscillator frequency DMAX Maximum duty cycle DMIN Minimum duty cycle mΩ mΩ Measured from SW to PGND 65 1.35 115 1.50 1.65 MHz 95% 0 BATTERY-PACK NTC MONITOR (bq24166, bq24167) VHOT High temperature threshold VTS falling VHYS(HOT) Hysteresis on high threshold VTS rising VWARM Warm temperature threshold VTS falling, bq24167 only VHYS(WARM) Hysteresis on high threshold VTS rising, bq24167 only VCOOL Cool temperature threshold VTS rising, bq24167 only VHYS(COOL) Hysteresis on low threshold VTS falling, bq24167 only VCOLD Low temperature threshold VTS rising VHYS(COLD) Hysteresis on low threshold VTS falling TSOFF TS Disable threshold VTS rising, 2%VDRV Hysteresis tDGL(TS) Deglitch time on TS change 29.7 30 30.5 %VDRV 1 37.9 38.3 39.6 %VDRV 1 56.0 56.5 56.9 %VDRV 1 59.5 60 60.4 %VDRV 1 70 73 %VDRV 50 Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback ms 5 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com BLOCK DIAGRAM PMIDU PMIDI 5.2-V Reference DRV IN ILIM Q1 USB 5A + BOOT CbC Current Limit IN IINLIM USB IUSBLIM IN VINDPM VDPM DC-DC CONVERTER PWM LOGIC, COMPENSATION AND BATTERY FET CONTROL USB VINDPM VSYS(REG) Q2 IBAT(REG) SW VBAT(REG) DIE Temp Regulation Q3 PGND VSUPPLY References ISET VUSBOVP 10% of ICHARGE IBAT Termination Comparator + + VINOVP + Enable Linear Charge Sleep Comparators VIN VBAT + VSLP + BAT Recharge Comparator VBATREG – 0.12V VBAT VSYSREG Comparator VSYS VMINSYS VBAT VBATGD VBATSC Comparator VBAT Enable IBATSHRT VBATSHRT Good Battery Circuit + VUSB VBAT + VSLP Start Recharge Cycle Q4 + OVP Comparators VIN SYS SUPPLY_SEL + VUSB + Hi-Z Mode + IUSB3 TS Supplement Comparator + IUSB2 USB Input Current Limit Decode + IUSB1 BGATE VBAT VSYS bq24166/7 VDRV VBSUP VBOVP Comparator VBAT VBATOVP + DISABLE TS COLD 1C/0.5C bq24167 + CE + bq24166/7 TS COOL CHG + 4.2V/4.06V TS WARM DISABLE CHARGE CONTROLLER with Timer + PG TS HOT CE1 CE2 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 PIN CONFIGURATION 49-Ball 2.8mm x 2.8mm WCSP bq24165 YFF Package (Top View) bq24166/7 YFF Package (Top View) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A IN IN IN IN USB USB USB B PMIDI PMIDI PMIDI PMIDI PMIDU PMIDU C SW SW SW SW SW D PGND PGND PGND PGND E ILIM IUSB3 VDPM F SYS SYS G BAT BAT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A IN IN IN IN USB USB USB PMIDU B PMIDI PMIDI PMIDI PMIDI PMIDU PMIDU PMIDU SW SW C SW SW SW SW SW SW SW PGND PGND PGND D PGND PGND PGND PGND PGND PGND PGND CE1 IUSB1 IUSB2 BOOT E ILIM IUSB3 VDPM CE1 IUSB1 IUSB2 BOOT SYS SYS BGATE PG DRV F SYS SYS SYS SYS BGATE PG DRV BAT BAT CE2 CHG ISET G BAT BAT BAT BAT TS CHG ISET Pin Configurations are Subject to Change Pin Configurations are Subject to Change 24-Pin 4mm x 4mm QFN SW USB3 2 17 USB2 3 Exposed Thermal Pad CE USB IN PMIDI BOOT 22 21 20 19 PMIDI BOOT 19 18 PMIDU IN 21 20 1 23 USB 22 VDPM 24 CE1 PMIDU 23 bq24166/7 RGE Package (Top View) 24 bq24165 RGE Package (Top View) VDPM 1 18 SW PGND USB3 2 17 PGND 3 16 PGND 16 PGND USB2 15 Exposed Thermal Pad 9 10 11 12 BGATE BAT BAT SYS TS 13 CHG 6 8 DRV 7 SYS PG 13 12 6 BAT DRV BAT SYS 11 14 10 5 BGATE ISET 9 SYS CE2 14 8 5 CHG USB1 ISET 7 ILIM 4 PG USB1 4 Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 15 ILIM Submit Documentation Feedback 7 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com PIN FUNCTIONS PIN NUMBER PIN NAME bq24165 bq24166/7 I/O DESCRIPTION 21 I Input power supply. IN is connected to the external DC supply (AC adapter or alternate power source). Bypass IN to PGND with at least a 1μF ceramic capacitor. 22 I USB Input Power Supply. USB is connected to the external DC supply (AC adapter or USB port). Bypass USB to PGND with at least a 1μF ceramic capacitor. YFF RGE YFF RGE IN A1–A4 21 A1–A4 USB A5–A7 22 A5–A7 PMIDI B1–B4 20 B1–B4 20 O Reverse Blocking MOSFET and High Side MOSFET Connection Point for High Power Input. Bypass PMIDI to GND with at least a 4.7μF ceramic capacitor. Use caution when connecting an external load to PMIDI. The PMIDI output is not current limited. Any short on PMIDI will result in damage to the IC. PMIDU B5–B7 23 B5–B7 23 O Reverse Blocking MOSFET and High Side MOSFET Connection Point for USB Input. Bypass PMIDU to GND with at least a 4.7μF ceramic capacitor. Use caution when connecting an external load to PMIDU. The PMIDU output is not current limited. Any short on PMIDU will result in damage to the IC. SW C1–C7 18 C1–C7 18 O Inductor Connection. Connect to the switched side of the external inductor. PGND D1–D7 16, 17 D1–D7 16, 17 – Ground terminal. Connect to the thermal pad (for QFN only) and the ground plane of the circuit. E1 15 E1 15 I IN Input Current Limit Programming Input. Connect a resistor from ILIM to GND to program the input current limit for IN. The current limit is programmable from 1A to 2.5A. ILIM has no effect on the USB input. I Input DPM Programming Input. Connect a resistor divider from IN to GND with VDPM connected to the center tap to program the Input Voltage based Dynamic Power Management (VIN-DPM) threshold. The input current is reduced to maintain the supply voltage at VIN-DPM. See the Input Voltage based Dynamic Power Management section for a detailed explanation. Charge Enable Input. CE is used to disable or enable the charge process. A low logic level (0) enables charging and a high logic level (1) disables charging. When charging is disabled, the SYS output remains in regulation, but BAT is disconnected from SYS. Supplement mode is still available if the system load demands cannot be met by the supply. BGATE is high impedance when CE is high. ILIM VDPM E3 CE 1 E3 1 – – E4 24 I IUSB1 E5 4 E5 4 I IUSB2 E6 3 E6 3 I IUSB3 E2 2 E2 2 I CE1 E4 24 – – I CE2 G5 9 – – I BOOT E7 19 E7 19 I High Side MOSFET Gate Driver Supply. Connect a 0.01μF ceramic capacitor (voltage rating > 10V) from BOOT to SW to supply the gate drive for the high side MOSFETs. F1–F4 13, 14 F1–F4 13, 14 I System Voltage Sense and Charger FET Connection. Connect SYS to the system output at the output bulk capacitors. Bypass SYS locally with at least 10μF. 47μF bypass capacitance is recommended for best transient response. SYS USB Input Current Limit Programming Inputs. USB1, USB2 and USB3 program the input current limit for the USB input. USB2.0 and USB3.0 current limits are available for easy implementation of these standards. Table 1 shows the settings for these inputs. USB1, USB2 and USB3 have no effect on the IN input. JEITA Compliance Inputs. CE1 and CE2are used to change battery regulation and charge current regulation to comply with the JEITA charging standard. The charge voltage can be reduced by 140mV or the charge current may be reduced to half the programmed value. See Table 2 for programming details. BGATE F5 10 F5 10 O External Discharge MOSFET Gate Connection. BGATE drives an external PChannel MOSFET to provide a very low resistance discharge path. Connect BGATE to the gate of the external MOSFET. BGATE is low during high impedance mode and when no input is connected. BGATE is optional. If unused, leave BGATE unconnected. PG F6 7 F6 7 O Power Good Open Drain Output. PG is pulled low when a valid supply is connected to either USB or IN. A valid supply is between VBAT+VSLP and VOVP. If not supply is connected or the supply is out of this range, PG is high impedance. 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 PIN FUNCTIONS (continued) PIN NUMBER PIN NAME bq24165 bq24166/7 I/O DESCRIPTION YFF RGE YFF RGE DRV F7 6 F7 6 O Gate Drive Supply. DRV is the bias supply for the gate drive of the internal MOSFETs. bypass DRV to PGND with a 1μF ceramic capacitor. DRV may be used to drive external loads up to 10mA. DRV is active whenever the input is connected and VSUPPLY > VUVLO and VSUPPLY > (VBAT + VSLP) BAT G1–G4 11, 12 G1–G4 11, 12 I/O Battery Connection. Connect to the positive terminal of the battery. Additionally, bypass BAT to GND with at least a 1μF capacitor. TS – – G5 9 I Battery Pack NTC Monitor. Connect TS to the center tap of a resistor divider from DRV to GND. The NTC is connected from TS to GND. The TS function in the bq24166 provides 2 thresholds for Hot/ Cold shutoff, while the bq24167 has 2 additional thresholds for JEITA compliance. See the NTC Monitor section for more details on operation and selecting the resistor values. Connect TS to DRV to disable the TS function. CHG G6 8 G6 8 O Charge Status Open Drain Output. CHG is pulled low when a charge cycle starts and remains low while charging. CHG is high impedance when the charging terminates and when no supply exists. CHG does not indicate recharge cycles. ISET G7 5 G7 5 I Charge Current Programming Input. Connect a resistor from ISET to GND to program the fast charge current. The charge current is programmable from 550mA to 2.5A. – There is an internal electrical connection between the exposed thermal pad and the PGND pin of the device. The thermal pad must be connected to the same potential as the PGND pin on the printed circuit board. Do not use the thermal pad as the primary ground input for the device. PGND pin must be connected to ground at all times. Thermal Pad – Pad – Pad Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 9 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT ADAPTER IN SW PMIDI 1mF System Load 0.01mF 4.7mF BOOT VDPM SYS ILIM 10mF PGND BGATE USB VBUS D+ DGND PMIDU GSM PA BAT 4.7mF 1mF bq24165 HOST PACK+ TEMP DRV ISET NTC MONITOR 1mF PACK- PG CHG CE1 GPIO CE2 GPIO IUSB1 GPIO IUSB2 GPIO IUSB3 GPIO Figure 1. bq24165, Shown with External Discharge FET, PA Connected to System for GSM Call Support with a Deeply Discharged or No Battery ADAPTER IN SW PMIDI 1mF System Load 0.01mF 4.7mF BOOT VDPM SYS ILIM 10mF PGND VBUS D+ DGND USB BGATE BAT PMIDU 1mF 4.7mF 1mF bq24166 bq24167 DRV VDRV HOST PACK+ TS ISET TEMP PACK- PG CHG IUSB1 GPIO IUSB2 GPIO IUSB3 CE GPIO GPIO Figure 2. bq24166 and bq24167, Shown with no External Discharge FET, External NTC Monitor 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS USB Plug-In with Battery Connected IN Plug-in with Battery Connected Conditions: USB500, 925mA Charge Setting Figure 3. Conditions: 1500mA ILIM, 1300mA Charge Setting Figure 4. Adapter Detection USB Battery Insert During Battery Detection 2 V/div VCHG VSYS 2 V/div VBAT 1 A/div IBAT 200 ms/div Conditions: Termination Enabled Figure 6. Figure 5. Battery Pull During Charging Load Transient into DPPM 2 V/div VCHG VSYS 2 V/div VBAT 1 A/div IBAT 20 ms/div Conditions: MINSYS Operation, USB1500, 200mA-1400mA Load Step on SYS Figure 8. Conditions: Termination Enabled Figure 7. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 11 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) OVP Fault USB Input Load Transient into Supplement Mode VUSB 5 V/div VSYS 5 V/div VBAT VCHG 1 V/div 5 V/div VSW IUSB 500 mA/div 1 A/div IBAT 500 mA/div IBAT 10 ms/div 4 ms/div Conditions: MINSYS Operation, USB500, 200mA - 1400mA Load Step on SYS Figure 9. Figure 10. USB Efficiency 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) IN Efficiency 100 60 50 40 30 60 50 40 30 VIN = 5 V VIN = 7 V VIN = 9 V 20 10 0 0.1 1 20 0 0.1 3 System Current (A) VUSB = 5 V VUSB = 6 V 10 Conditions: Charge Disabled, SYS loaded, VBATREG = 3.6V, IN2500 ILIM Figure 11. G002 Battery Regulation vs Temperature 4.21 SYSREG Regulation MINSYS Regulation 4.208 3.8 Battery Regulation (V) SYSREG and MINSYS Regulation (V) SYSREG and MINSYS Regulation vs. Temperature 3.75 3.7 3.65 3.6 3.55 4.206 4.204 4.202 4.2 4.198 4.196 3.5 4.194 3.45 4.192 3.4 −50 0 50 Temperature (°C) Conditions: VBAT = 3V Figure 13. 12 2 Conditions: Charge Disabled, SYS loaded, VBATREG = 3.6V, USB1500 ILIM Figure 12. 3.9 3.85 1 System Current (A) G001 Submit Documentation Feedback 100 150 4.19 0 25 G003 50 75 Temperature (°C) 100 125 G004 Conditions: VBATREG = 4.2V, No load, Termination Disabled Figure 14. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) USB Input Current Limit vs. Temperature 6.5V OVP Threshold vs. Temperature 600 6.7 USB100 Current Limit USB500 Current Limit 500 400 300 200 100 0 −50 Falling Edge Rising Edge 6.6 6.5 V OVP Threshold (V) USB Input Current Limit (mA) 700 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.1 0 50 Temperature (°C) 100 6 −50 150 Conditions: USB100 and USB500 current limit, VUSB = 5V, VBAT = 3.6V Figure 15. 100 150 G006 Figure 16. 10.5V OVP Threshold vs. Temperature Charge Current vs. Battery Voltage 2.1 Falling Edge Rising Edge 2.09 2.08 Charge Current (A) 10.5 V OVP Threshold (V) 50 Temperature (°C) Conditions: USB input and IN input (bq24168) 10.7 10.6 0 G005 10.5 10.4 10.3 10.2 2.07 2.06 2.05 2.04 2.03 2.02 10.1 10 −50 2.01 0 50 Temperature (°C) 100 2 150 2 2.5 3 3.5 Battery Voltage (V) G007 4 4.5 G008 Conditions: ICHARGE = 2A, VIN = 5V, VBATREG = 4.44V Figure 18. Figure 17. IBATSHRT vs. Battery Voltage 0.055 IBATSHRT (A) 0.054 0.053 0.052 0.051 0.05 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Battery Voltage (V) 2.5 3 G009 Figure 19. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 13 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com DETAILED DESCRIPTION CHARGE MODE OPERATION Charge Profile Charging is done through the internal battery MOSFET. When the battery voltage is above 3.5V, the system output (SYS) is connected to the battery to maximize the charging efficiency. There are 5 loops that influence the charge current; constant current loop (CC), constant voltage loop (CV), thermal regulation loop, minimum system voltage loop (MINSYS) and input voltage dynamic power management loop (VIN-DPM). During the charging process, all five loops are enabled and the dominate one takes control. The bq24165/6/7 supports a precision LiIon or Li-Polymer charging system for single-cell applications. The minimum system output feature regulates the system voltage to a minimum of VSYS(REG), so that startup is enabled even for a missing or deeply discharged battery. Figure 20 shows a typical charge profile including the minimum system output voltage feature. Precharge Phase Voltage Regulation Phase Current Regulation Phase Regulation voltage Regulation Current System Voltage VSYS (3.6V) VBATSHORT Battery Voltage Charge Current Termination IBATSHORT 50mA Linear Charge to Close Pack Protector Linear Charge to Maintain Minimum System Voltage Battery FET is OFF Battery FET is ON Figure 20. Typical Charging Profile of bq24165/6/7 PWM CONTROLLER IN CHARGE MODE The bq24165/6/7 provides an integrated, fixed 1.5 MHz frequency voltage-mode converter to power the system and supply the charge current. The voltage loop is internally compensated and provides enough phase margin for stable operation, allowing the use of small ceramic capacitors with very low ESR. The bq24165/6/7 input scheme prevents battery discharge when the supply voltages is lower than VBAT and also isolates the two inputs from each other. The high-side N-MOSFET (Q1/Q2) switches to control the power delivered to the output. The DRV LDO supplies the gate drive for the internal MOSFETs. The high side FETs are supplied through a boot strap circuit with external boot-strap capacitor is used to boost up the gate drive voltage for Q1/Q2. Both inputs are protected by a cycle-by-cycle current limit that is sensed through the internal MOSFETs for Q1 and Q2. The threshold for the current limit is set to a nominal 5-A peak current. The inputs also utilize an input current limit that limits the current from the power source. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 BATTERY CHARGING PROCESS When the battery is deeply discharged or shorted, the bq24165/6/7 applies a 50mA current to bring the battery voltage up to acceptable charging levels. During this time, the battery FET is linearly regulated to maintain the system output regulation at VSYS(REG). Once the battery rises above VBATSHRT, the charge current increases to the fastcharge current setting. The SYS voltage is regulated to VSYS(REG) while the battery is linearly charged through the battery FET. Under normal conditions, the time spent in this region is a very short percentage of the total charging time, so if the charge current is reduced, the reduced charge rate does not have a major negative effect on total charge time. If the current limit for the SYS output is reached (limited by the input current limit, or VINDPM), the charge current is reduced to provide the system with all the current that is needed. If the charge current is reduced to 0mA, pulling further current from SYS causes the output to fall to the battery voltage and enter supplement mode (see the Dynamic Power Path Management section for more details). Once the battery is charged enough to where the system voltage begins to rise above VSYSREG (depends on the charge current setting), the battery FET is turned on fully and the battery is charged with the charge current programmed using the ISET input, ICHARGE. The slew rate for fast charge current is controlled to minimize the current and voltage over-shoot during transient. The charge current is programmed by connecting a resistor from ISET to GND. The value for RISET is calculated using Equation 1: K IS ET RISE T = ICHARGE (1) Where ICHARGE is the programmed fast charge current and KISET is the programming factor found in the Electrical Characteristics table. The charge current is regulated to ICHARGE until the battery is charged to the regulation voltage. Once the battery voltage is close to the regulation voltage, VBATREG, the charge current is tapered down as shown in Figure 1 while the SYS output remains connected to the battery. The voltage regulation feedback occurs by monitoring the battery-pack voltage between the BAT and PGND pins. The bq24165/6/7 monitors the charging current during the voltage regulation phase. Once the termination threshold, ITERM, is detected and the battery voltage is above the recharge threshold, the bq24165/6/7 terminates charge and turns off the battery charging FET. The system output is regulated to the VBAT(REG) voltage and supports the full current available from the input. Battery supplement mode (see the Dynamic Power Path Management section for more details) is still available. A charge cycle is initiated when one of the following conditions is detected: 1. The battery voltage falls below the VBAT(REG)-VRCH threshold. 2. VSUPPLY Power-on reset (POR) 3. CE1, CE2 Input toggle or CE toggle 4. Toggle Hi-Impedance mode (using IUSB_) If the battery voltage is ever greater than VBAT(REG), the PWM converter is turned off and the battery is discharged to VBATREG-VRCH. Additionally, if the battery is ever above VBOVP, the buck converter turns off and the internal battery FET is turned on. This prevents further overcharging the battery and allows the battery to discharge to safe operating levels. DYNAMIC POWER PATH MANAGEMENT The bq24165/6/7 features a SYS output that powers the external system load connected to the battery. This output is active whenever a source is connected to IN, USB or BAT. The following sections discuss the behavior of SYS with a source connected to the supply (IN or USB) or a battery source only. INPUT SOURCE CONNECTED When a source is connected to IN or USB, and the bq24165/6/7 is enabled, the buck converter starts up. If charging is enabled using CE1 and CE2(bq24165) or CE (bq24166/7), the charge cycle is initiated. When VBAT > 3.5V, the internal battery FET is turned on and the SYS output is connected to VBAT. If the SYS voltage falls to VSYS(REG), it is regulated to that point to maintain the system output even with a deeply discharged or absent battery. In this mode, the SYS output voltage is regulated by the buck converter and the battery FET is linearly regulated to regulate the charge current into the battery. The current from the supply is shared between charging the battery and powering the system load at SYS. The dynamic power path management (DPPM) circuitry of the bq24165/6/7 monitors the SYS voltage continuously. If VSYS falls to VMINSYS, the DPPM circuit adjusts charge Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 15 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com current to maintain the load on SYS while preventing the system voltage from crashing. If the charge current is reduced to zero and the load increases further, the bq24165/6/7 enters battery supplement mode. During supplement mode, the battery FET is turned on and the battery supplements the system load. When the charge current is reduced by the DPPM regulation loop, the safety timer runs at half speed, so that it is twice a long. This prevents false safety timer faults. See the Safety Timer section for more details. 2000 mA 1800 mA IOUT 800 mA 0 mA 1500 mA IIN ~850 mA 0 mA 1A IBAT 0 mA –200 mA VSYS(REG) VMINSYS VOUT DPPM Loop Active ~3.1 V Supplement Mode Figure 21. Example DPPM Response (VSupply = 5 V, VBAT = 3.1V, 1.5A Input current limit) If the VBAT(REG) threshold is ever less than the battery voltage, the battery FET is turned off and the SYS output is regulated to VSYSREG(FETOFF). If the battery is ever 5% above the regulation threshold, the battery OVP circuit shuts the PWM converter off and the battery FET is turned on to discharge the battery to safe operating levels. The input current limit for the USB input is set by the IUSB1, IUSB2, and IUSB3 inputs. The bq24165/6/7 incorporates all of the necessary input current limits to support USB2.0 and USB3.0 standards as well as 1.5A to support wall adapters. Driving IUSB1, IUSB2, and IUSB3 all high places the bq24165/6/7 in High Impedance mode where the buck converter is shutdown regardless if an input is connected to USB or IN. Table 1 shows the configuration for IUSB1 – IUSB3. When USB100 mode is selected, termination is disabled. Table 1. USB1, USB2 and USB3 Input Table 16 IUSB3 IUSB2 IUSB1 Input Current Limit VINDPM Threshold 0 0 0 100 mA 4.28 V 0 0 1 500 mA 4.44 V 0 1 0 1.5 A 4.44 V 0 1 1 USB Suspend None 1 0 0 150 mA 4.28 V 1 0 1 900 mA 4.44 V 1 1 0 800 mA 4.44 V 1 1 1 High Impedance Mode None Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 The input current limit for IN is programmable using the ILIM input. Connect a resistor from ILIM to GND to set the maximum input current limit. The programmable range for the IN input current limit is 1000mA to 2.5A. RILIM is calculated using Equation 2: K RILIM = ILIM IIN_LIM (2) Where IIN_LIM is the programmed input current limit and KILIM is the programming factor found in the Electrical Characteristics table. The bq24165/6/7 manages the dual input supply paths as well. The IN input has precedence when valid supplies are connected to both inputs. The two inputs are always isolated from one another. The bq24165/6/7 always seeks to charge from a valid source. For example, if a valid source is connected to USB and a source is connected to IN that is greater than the OVP threshold, the USB source is used to charge the battery. In this case, both the USB source and the battery would be isolated from the OVP source connected to the IN input. BATTERY ONLY CONNECTED When the battery is connected with no input source, the battery FET is turned on similar to supplement mode. In this mode, the current is not regulated; however, there is a short circuit current limit. If the short circuit limit is reached, the battery FET is turned off for the deglitch time. After the deglitch time, the battery FET is turned on to test and see if the short has been removed. If it has not, the FET turns off and the process repeats until the short is removed. EXTERNAL BATTERY DISCHARGE FET (BGATE) The bq24165/6/7 contains a MOSFET driver to drive an external P-Channel MOSFET between the battery and the system output. This external FET provides a low impedance path to supply the system from the battery. Connect BGATE to the gate of the external discharge MOSFET. BGATE is on under the following conditions: 1. No valid input supply connected. 2. IUSB1=IUSB2=IUSB3=high (High Impedance Mode) This FET is optional and runs in parallel with the internal charge FET during discharge. Note that this FET is not protected by the short circuit current limit. SAFETY TIMER At the beginning of charging process, the bq24165/6/7 starts the 6 hour safety timer. This timer is active during the entire charging process. If charging has not terminated before the safety timer expires, the charge cycle is terminated and the battery FET is turned off. A new charge cycle must be entered using CE1 and CE2 (bq24165) or CE(bq24166/7) or High Impedance mode or input power must be toggled in order to clear the safety timer fault. During the fast charge phase, several events increase the timer durations. 1. The system load current reduces the available charging current. 2. The input current is reduced because the VINDPM loop is preventing the supply from crashing. 3. The device has entered thermal regulation because the IC junction temperature has exceeded TJ(REG). 4. The battery voltage is less than VBATSHORT. During these events, the timer is slowed by half to extend the timer and prevent any false timer faults. Starting a new charge cycle by toggling inputs, toggling the CE1/CE2(bq24165) or CE(bq24166/7) pins to disable/enable charge, resets the safety timer. Additionally, thermal shutdown events cause the safety timer to reset. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 17 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com LDO OUTPUT (DRV) The bq24165/6/7 contains a linear regulator (DRV) that is used to supply the internal MOSFET drivers and other circuitry. Additionally, DRV supplies up to 10mA external loads to power the STAT LED or the USB transceiver circuitry. The maximum value of the DRV output is 5.45V so it is ideal to protect voltage sensitive USB circuits. The LDO is on whenever a supply is connected to the IN or USB inputs of the bq24165/166. The DRV is disabled under the following conditions: 1. VSUPPLY < UVLO 2. VSUPPLY - VBAT< VSLP 3. Thermal Shutdown CHARGE PARAMETER SELECTOR INPUTS (CE1, CE2, bq24165) The CE1 and CE2 inputs allow the user to easily implement the JEITA standard for systems where the battery pack temperature is monitored by the host. JEITA requires that several temperatures be monitored and the maximum charge voltage or charge current be modified based on the battery voltage. A graphical representation of the JEITA specification is shown in Figure 22. Maximum Charge Current: 1 C 0.5 C Maximum Charge Voltage: 4.25 V (4.2 V Typical) 4.15 V Maximum 4.10 V Maximum T1 (0°C) T2 (10°C) T4 T3 (45°C) (50°C) T5 (60°C) Figure 22. Charge Current During TS Conditions in Default Mode In many systems, the battery temperature is monitored by the host and the information is used for several different operations. For these systems, the bq24165 method is ideal because it does not require the NTC in the battery to be shared amongst several different ICs. Instead, the CE1 and CE2 pins are driven by host GPIOs to reduce the charging current or charge voltage as required. This allows the host to decide which temperatures to change the charging profile and gives the ultimate flexibility to the user. Additionally, CE1 and CE2 are used to disable charging while not interfering with the main buck converter operation. The configuration table for CE1 and CE2 is shown in Table 2. Table 2. CE1, CE2 Input Table 18 CE1 CE2 0 0 Normal Charging 0 1 Charge current reduced by half 1 0 VBAT(REG) reduced to 4.06 V 1 1 Charging Suspended Submit Documentation Feedback FUNCTION Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 EXTERNAL NTC MONITORING (TS, bq24166/7) The bq24166 and bq24167 provide a flexible, voltage based TS input for monitoring the battery pack NTC thermistor. The voltage at TS is monitored to determine that the battery is at a safe temperature during charging. For the bq24166, two temperature thresholds are monitored; the cold battery threshold (TNTC < 0°C) and the hot battery threshold (TNTC > 60°C). These temperatures correspond to the VCOLD and VHOT thresholds. Charging is suspended and timers are suspended when VTS < VHOT or VTS > VCOLD. To satisfy the JEITA requirements, the bq24167 monitors four temperature thresholds; the cold battery threshold (TNTC < 0°C), the cool battery threshold (0°C < TNTC < 10°C), the warm battery threshold (45°C < TNTC < 60°C) and the hot battery threshold (TNTC > 60°C). These temperatures correspond to the VCOLD, VCOOL, VWARM, and VHOT thresholds. As with the bq24166, charging is suspended and timers are suspended when VTS < VHOT or VTS > VCOLD. When VHOT < VTS < VWARM, the battery regulation voltage is reduced by 140mV from the programmed regulation threshold. When VCOOL < VTS < VCOLD, the charging current is reduced to half of the programmed charge current. The TS function is voltage based for maximum flexibility. Connect a resistor divider from DRV to GND with TS connected to the center tap to set the threshold. The connections are shown in Figure 24. The resistor values are calculated using the following equations: é 1 1 ù VDRV ´ RCOLD ´ RHOT ´ ê ú V V ë COLD HOT û RLO = éV ù é V ù RHOT ´ ê DRV - 1ú - RCOLD ´ ê DRV - 1ú ë VHOT û ë VCOLD û (3) VDRV -1 VCOL D RHI = 1 1 + RLO RCOLD (4) Where: VCOLD = 0.60 × VDRV VHOT = 0.30 × VDRV Where RHOT is the NTC resistance at the hot temperature and RCOLD is the NTC resistance at cold temperature. For the bq24167, the WARM and COOL thresholds are not independently programmable. The COOL and WARM NTC resistances for a selected resistor divider are calculated using the following equations: RLO ´ 0.564 ´ RHI RCOOL = RLO - RLO ´ 0.564 - RHI ´ 0.564 (5) RLO ´ 0.383 ´ RHI RW ARM = RLO - RLO ´ 0.383 - RHI ´ 0.383 (6) Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 19 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com VDRV DISABLE TS COLD + VDRV TS HOT RHI + TS PACK+ TEMP bq24166 RLO PACK- VBAT(REG) 1xCharge/ DISABLE –140 mV 0.5xCharge VDRV TS COLD + TS COOL + TS WARM + VDRV TS HOT RHI + TS PACK+ TEMP bq24167 RLO PACK- Figure 23. TS Circuits THERMAL REGULATION AND PROTECTION During the charging process, to prevent the IC from overheating, bq24165/6/7 monitors the junction temperature, TJ, of the die and begins to taper down the charge current once TJ reaches the thermal regulation threshold, TCF. The charge current is reduced to zero when the junction temperature increases about 10°C above TCF. Once the charge current is reduced, the system current is reduced while the battery supplements the load to supply the system. This may cause a thermal shutdown of the bq24165/6/7 if the die temperature rises too high. At any state, if TJ exceeds TSHTDWN, bq24165/6/7 suspends charging and disables the buck converter. During thermal shutdown mode, PWM is turned off, and the timer is reset. The charging cycle resets when TJ falls below TSHTDWN by approximately 10°C. INPUT VOLTAGE PROTECTION IN CHARGE MODE Sleep Mode The bq24165/6/7 enters the low-power sleep mode if the voltage on VSUPPLY falls below sleep-mode entry threshold, VBAT+VSLP, and VSUPPLY is higher than the undervoltage lockout threshold, VUVLO. This feature prevents draining the battery during the absence of VSUPPLY. When VSUPPLY < VBAT+VSLP, the bq24165/6/7 turns off the PWM converter, and turns the battery FET and BGATE on. Once VSUPPLY > VBAT+ VSLP, the device initiates a new charge cycle. 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 Input Voltage Based DPM During normal charging process, if the input power source is not able to support the programmed or default charging current, the supply voltage decreases. Once the supply drops to VIN_DPM (set by IUSB_ for USB input or VDPM for IN input), the input current limit is reduced down to prevent the further drop of the supply. This feature ensures IC compatibility with adapters with different current capabilities without a hardware change. Figure 24 shows the VIN-DPM behavior to a current limited source. In this figure the input source has a 750mA current limit and the charging is set to 750mA. The SYS load is then increased to 1.2A. VIN 5 V Adapter rated for 750 mA IIN VSYS IBAT ISYS Figure 24. bq2416x VIN-DPM The VIN-DPM threshold for the IN input is set using a resistor divider with VDPM connected to the center tap. Select 10kΩ for the bottom resistor. The top resistor is selected using the following equation: 10 kΩ ´ ( VINDPM - VDPM ) RTOP = VDPM (7) Where VINDPM is the desired VINDPM threshold and VDPM is the regulation threshold specified in the Electrical Characteristics table. Additionally, a small capictance (<0.01µF) may be added to VDPM if the layout is not ideal and significant noise exists on the VDPM line. Bad Source Detection When a source is connected to IN or USB, the bq2416x runs a Bad Source Detection procedure to determine if the source is strong enough to provide some current to charge the battery. A current sink is turned on (30mA for USB input, 75mA for the IN input) for 32ms. If the source is valid after the 32ms (VBADSOURCE < VSUPPLY < VOVP), the buck converter starts up and normal operation continues. If the supply voltage falls below VBAD_SOURCE during the detection, the current sink shuts off for two seconds and then retries. The detection circuit retries continuously until either a new source is connected to the other input or a valid source is detected after the detection time. If during normal operation the source falls to VBAD_SOURCE, the bq2416x turns off the PWM converter, turns the battery FET on. Once a good source is detected, the device returns to normal operation. If two supplies are connected, the IN supply is checked first. If the supply detection fails once, the device switches to USB for two seconds and then retries IN. This allows the supply to settle if the connection was jittery or the supply ramp was too slow to pass detection. If the supply fails the detection twice, it is locked out and the USB supply is used. Once the bad supply is locked out, it remains locked out until the supply voltage falls below UVLO. This prevents continuously switching between a weak supply and a good supply. Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 21 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com Input Over-Voltage Protection The bq24165/6/7 provides over-voltage protection on the input that protects downstream circuitry. The built-in input over-voltage protection to protect the device and other components against damage from overvoltage on the input supply (Voltage from VUSB or VIN to PGND). When VSUPPLY > VOVP, the bq24165/6/7 turns off the PWM converter, suspends the charging cycle and turns the battery FET and BGATE on. Once the OVP fault is removed, the device returns to the operation it was in prior to the OVP fault. STATUS INDICATORS (CHG, PG) The bq24165/6/7 contains two open-drain outputs that signal its status. The PG output indicates that a valid input source is connected to USB or IN. PG is low when VSUPPLY>VUVLO AND (VBAT+VSLP) < VSUPPLY < VOVP. When there is no supply connected to either input within this range, PG is high impedance. Table 3 illustrates the PG behavior under different conditions. The CHG output indicates new charge cycles. When a new charge cycle is initiated by CE1 and CE2, toggling High Impedance mode or toggling the input power, CHG goes low and remains low until termination. After termination, CHG remains high impedance until a new charge cycle is initiated. CHG does not go low during recharge cycles. Table 4 illustrates the CHG behavior under different conditions. Connect PG and CHG to the DRV output through an LED for visual indication, or connect through a 100kΩ pullup to the required logic rail for host indication. Table 3. PG Status Indicator CHARGE STATE PG BEHAVIOR VSUPPLY < VUVLO High-Impedance VSUPPLY < (VBAT+VSLP) High-Impedance (VBAT+VSLP) < VSUPPLY < VOVP VSUPPLY > VOVP Low High-Impedance Table 4. CHG Status Indicator CHARGE STATE Charge in progress Charging suspended by thermal loop CHG BEHAVIOR Low (first charge cycle) High-Impedance (recharge cycles) Charge Done Recharge Cycle after Termination Timer Fault High-Impedance No Valid Supply No Battery Present 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 APPLICATION INFORMATION OUTPUT INDUCTOR AND CAPACITOR SELECTION GUIDELINES When selecting an inductor, several attributes must be examined to find the right part for the application. First, the inductance value should be selected. The bq2416x is designed to work with 1.5µH to 2.2µH inductors. The chosen value will have an effect on efficiency and package size. Due to the smaller current ripple, some efficiency gain is reached using the 2.2µH inductor, however, due to the physical size of the inductor, this may not be a viable option. The 1.5µH inductor provides a good tradeoff between size and efficiency. Once the inductance has been selected, the peak current must be calculated in order to choose the current rating of the inductor. Use Equation 8 to calculate the peak current. % æ ö IPEA K = ILOAD(MAX) ´ ç 1 + RIP PPLE ÷ 2 è ø (8) The inductor selected must have a saturation current rating higher than the calculated IPEAK. Due to the high currents possible with the bq2416x, a thermal analysis must also be done for the inductor. Many inductors have 40°C temperature rise rating. This is the DC current that will cause a 40°C temperature rise above the ambient temperature in the inductor. For this analysis, the typical load current may be used adjusted for the duty cycle of the load transients. For example, if the application requires a 1.5A DC load with peaks at 2.5A for 20% of the time, a Δ40°C temperature rise current must be greater than 1.7A: ITEMPRISE = ILOAD + D × (IPEAK – ILOAD) = 1.5 A + 0.2 × (2.5 A – 1.5 A) = 1.7 A The bq2416x provides internal loop compensation. Using this scheme, the bq2416x is stable with 10µF to 200µF of local capacitance. The capacitance on the SYS rail can be higher if distributed amongst the rail. To reduce the output voltage ripple, a ceramic capacitor with the capacitance between 10µF and 47µF is recommended for local bypass to SYS. A 47µF bypass capacitance on SYS is recommended to optimize the transient response. PCB LAYOUT GUIDELINES It is important to pay special attention to the PCB layout. Figure 25 provides a sample layout for the high current paths of the bq2416x. USB IN PMIDU PMIDI PGND SW PGND PMIDU BOOT PMIDI VDPM PGND PGND IN USB BOOT ILIM ILIM SYS SW BAT ISET ISET SYS BAT SYS WCSP Layout QFN Layout Figure 25. Recommended bq2416x PCB Layout Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 23 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com The following provides some guidelines: • To obtain optimal performance, the power input capacitors, connected from the PMID input to PGND, must be placed as close as possible to the bq2416x • The layout between BAT and the positive connector of the battery should be as short as possible to minimize resistance and inductance. If the parasitic inductance is expected to be significant, the bypass capacitance on BAT should be increased. • Place 4.7µF input capacitor as close to PMID pin and PGND pin as possible to make high frequency current loop area as small as possible. Place 1µF input capacitor GNDs as close to the respective PMID cap GND and PGND pins as possible to minimize the ground difference between the input and PMID_. • The local bypass capacitor from SYS to GND should be connected between the SYS pin and PGND of the IC. The intent is to minimize the current path loop area from the SW pin through the LC filter and back to the PGND pin. • Place ISET and ILIM resistors very close to their respective IC pins. • Place all decoupling capacitor close to their respective IC pin and as close as to PGND (do not place components such that routing interrupts power stage currents). All small control signals should be routed away from the high current paths. • The PCB should have a ground plane (return) connected directly to the return of all components through vias (two vias per capacitor for power-stage capacitors, one via per capacitor for small-signal components). It is also recommended to put vias inside the PGND pads for the IC, if possible. A star ground design approach is typically used to keep circuit block currents isolated (high-power/low-power small-signal) which reduces noisecoupling and ground-bounce issues. A single ground plane for this design gives good results. With this small layout and a single ground plane, there is no ground-bounce issue, and having the components segregated minimizes coupling between signals. • The high-current charge paths into IN, USB, BAT, SYS and from the SW pins must be sized appropriately for the maximum charge current in order to avoid voltage drops in these traces. The PGND pins should be connected to the ground plane to return current through the internal low-side FET. • For high-current applications, the balls for the power paths should be connected to as much copper in the board as possible. This allows better thermal performance as the board pulls heat away from the IC. 24 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 www.ti.com SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 PACKAGE SUMMARY WCSP PACKAGE (Top View) CHIP SCALE PACKAGE (Top Side Symbol For bq24165) E 7 6 5 4 D TIYMLLLLS bq24165 3 2 1 A B C D E F G O - Pin A1 Marker TI -Texas Instruments Letters YM - Year Month Date Code LLLL - Lot Trace Code S - Assembly Site Code CHIP SCALE PACKAGING DIMENSIONS TM The bq2416x devices are available in a 49-bump chip scale package (YFF, NanoFree ). The package dimensions are: · D = 2.78mm ±0.05mm · E = 2.78mm ±0.05mm Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 Submit Documentation Feedback 25 bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 SLUSAP4A – DECEMBER 2011 – REVISED MARCH 2012 www.ti.com REVISION HISTORY Changes from Original (December 2011) to Revision A Page • Changed in ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, in row VIN_DPM_USB, min, typ, max columns, from 4.55 to 4.35, 4.68 to 4.44 and 4.77 to 4.52 (had been changed) ...................................................................................................................... 5 • Changed ILIMIT max from 2.5 A to 5.6 A ................................................................................................................................ 5 • Changed Table 1, last column, all 4.68 V to 4.44 V ........................................................................................................... 16 • Added The battery voltage is less than VBATSHORT to SAFETY TIMER section .................................................................. 17 26 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2011–2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): bq24165 bq24166 bq24167 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 19-Apr-2012 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/ Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) Samples (Requires Login) BQ24165RGER ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24165RGET ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24165YFFR ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM BQ24165YFFT ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM BQ24166RGER ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24166RGET ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24166YFFR ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM BQ24166YFFT ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM BQ24167RGER ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24167RGET ACTIVE VQFN RGE 24 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR BQ24167YFFR ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM BQ24167YFFT ACTIVE DSBGA YFF 49 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 19-Apr-2012 Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. 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Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 17-May-2012 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device BQ24165RGER Package Package Pins Type Drawing VQFN RGE 24 BQ24165RGET VQFN RGE BQ24165YFFR DSBGA YFF BQ24165YFFT DSBGA BQ24166RGER SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 3000 330.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 24 250 180.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 49 3000 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 YFF 49 250 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 VQFN RGE 24 3000 330.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 BQ24166RGET VQFN RGE 24 250 180.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 BQ24166YFFR DSBGA YFF 49 3000 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 BQ24166YFFT DSBGA YFF 49 250 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 BQ24167RGER VQFN RGE 24 3000 330.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 BQ24167RGET VQFN RGE 24 250 180.0 12.4 4.25 4.25 1.15 8.0 12.0 Q2 BQ24167YFFR DSBGA YFF 49 3000 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 BQ24167YFFT DSBGA YFF 49 250 180.0 8.4 2.93 2.93 0.81 4.0 8.0 Q1 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 17-May-2012 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) BQ24165RGER VQFN RGE 24 3000 346.0 346.0 29.0 BQ24165RGET VQFN RGE 24 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24165YFFR DSBGA YFF 49 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24165YFFT DSBGA YFF 49 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24166RGER VQFN RGE 24 3000 346.0 346.0 29.0 BQ24166RGET VQFN RGE 24 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24166YFFR DSBGA YFF 49 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24166YFFT DSBGA YFF 49 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24167RGER VQFN RGE 24 3000 346.0 346.0 29.0 BQ24167RGET VQFN RGE 24 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24167YFFR DSBGA YFF 49 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 BQ24167YFFT DSBGA YFF 49 250 210.0 185.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. 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