SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 D 80-mΩ High-Side MOSFET Switch D 500 mA Continuous Current per Channel D Independent Thermal and Short-Circuit D D D D D D D D D TPS2080, TPS2081, AND TPS2082 D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) GND IN1 IN2 EN1† Protection With Overcurrent Logic Output Operating Range . . . 2.7-V to 5.5-V CMOS- and TTL-Compatible Enable Inputs 2.5-ms Typical Rise Time Undervoltage Lockout 10 µA Maximum Standby Supply Current Bidirectional Switch Available in 8-Pin and 16-Pin SOIC Packages Ambient Temperature Range, 0°C to 85°C ESD Protection 1 8 2 7 3 6 4 5 OC OUT1 OUT2 EN2† † See Available Options table TPS2085, TPS2086 AND TPS2087 D PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) GNDA IN1 IN2 EN1† GNDB IN3 IN4 EN3† description 1 16 2 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 6 11 OCA OUT1 OUT2 EN2† OCB OUT3 OUT4 EN4† The TPS2080, TPS2081, and TPS2082 dual and 7 10 the TPS2085, TPS2086 and TPS2087 quad 8 9 power-distribution switches are intended for applications where heavy capacitive loads and † See Available Options table short circuits are likely to be encountered. The TPS208x devices incorporate 80-mΩ N-channel MOSFET high-side power switches for power-distribution systems that require multiple power switches in a single package. Each switch is controlled by an independent logic enable input. Gate drive is provided by an internal charge pump designed to control the power-switch rise times and fall times to minimize current surges during switching. The charge pump requires no external components and allows operation from supplies as low as 2.7 V. When the output load exceeds the current-limit threshold or a short is present, the TPS208x limits the output current to a safe level by switching into a constant-current mode, pulling the overcurrent (OCx) logic output low. When continuous heavy overloads and short circuits increase the power dissipation in the switch causing the junction temperature to rise, a thermal protection circuit shuts off the switch to prevent damage. Recovery from a thermal shutdown is automatic once the device has cooled sufficiently. Internal circuitry ensures the switch remains off until valid input voltage is present. The TPS208x devices are designed to current limit at 1.0-A load. GENERAL SWITCH CATALOG 33 mΩ, single TPS201xA 0.2 A − 2 A TPS202x TPS203x 80 mΩ, single TPS2014 TPS2015 TPS2041 TPS2051 TPS2045 TPS2055 80 mΩ, dual 0.2 A − 2 A 0.2 A − 2 A 600 mA 1A 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA 260 mΩ IN1 OUT IN2 1.3 Ω TPS2042 TPS2052 TPS2046 TPS2056 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA TPS2100/1 IN1 500 mA IN2 10 mA TPS2102/3/4/5 IN1 500 mA IN2 100 mA 80 mΩ, dual TPS2080 TPS2081 TPS2082 TPS2090 TPS2091 TPS2092 500 mA 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA 250 mA 80 mΩ, triple TPS2043 TPS2053 TPS2047 TPS2057 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA 80 mΩ, quad TPS2044 TPS2054 TPS2048 TPS2058 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA 80 mΩ, quad TPS2085 TPS2086 TPS2087 TPS2095 TPS2096 TPS2097 500 mA 500 mA 500 mA 250 mA 250 mA 250 mA Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated !"#$ % &'!!($ #% )'*+&#$ ,#$(!,'&$% &!" $ %)(&&#$% )(! $.( $(!"% (/#% %$!'"($% %$#,#!, 0#!!#$1- !,'&$ )!&(%%2 ,(% $ (&(%%#!+1 &+',( $(%$2 #++ )#!#"($(!%- WWW.TI.COM 1 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 AVAILABLE OPTIONS DUAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS LOAD CURRENT (A) ENABLE TA 0°C 0 C to 85 85°C C EN1 EN2 Active high Active high Active high Active low Active low Active low TYPICAL SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT LIMIT AT 25°C (A) PACKAGED DEVICES SMALL OUTLINE (D)† TPS2080D 0.5 TPS2081D 1.0 TPS2082D QUAD POWER DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS LOAD CURRENT (A) ENABLE TA 0°C 0 C to 85 85°C C EN1 EN2 EN3 EN4 Active high Active high Active high Active high Active high Active low Active high Active low Active low Active low Active low Active low TYPICAL SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT LIMIT AT 25°C (A) PACKAGED DEVICES SMALL OUTLINE (D)† TPS2085D 0.5 TPS2086D 1.0 TPS2087D † The D package is available taped and reeled. Add an R suffix to device type (e.g., TPS2081DR) TPS2082 functional block diagram OC Thermal Sense GND EN1‡ Current Limit Driver Charge Pump † CS IN1 VCC Select and UVLO OUT1 Power Switch † CS IN2 Charge Pump Driver EN2§ Thermal Sense † Current sense ‡ Active high for TPS2080 and TPS2081 § Active high for TPS2080 2 WWW.TI.COM Current Limit OUT2 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 TPS2087 functional block diagram OCA Thermal Sense GNDA EN1‡ Current Limit Driver Charge Pump † CS IN1 VCC Select and UVLO OUT1 Power Switch † CS IN2 OUT2 Charge Pump Current Limit Driver EN2§ Thermal Sense OCB Thermal Sense GNDB EN3‡ Current Limit Driver Charge Pump † CS IN3 VCC Select and UVLO OUT3 Power Switch † CS IN4 OUT4 Charge Pump Driver Current Limit EN4§ Thermal Sense † Current sense ‡ Active high for TPS2085 and TPS2086 § Active high for TPS2085 WWW.TI.COM 3 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 Terminal Functions DUAL POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES TERMINAL NO. NAME TPS2080 TPS2081 EN1 EN2 5 I/O DESCRIPTION TPS2082 4 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. 5 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. EN1 4 EN2 5 4 GND 1 1 1 I Ground IN1 2 2 2 I N-Channel MOSFET Drain IN2 3 3 3 I N-Channel MOSFET Drain OC 8 8 8 O Overcurrent. Open drain output active low OUT1 7 7 7 O Power-switch output OUT2 6 6 6 O Power-switch output QUAD POWER-DISTRIBUTION SWITCHES TERMINAL NO. NAME TPS2085 TPS2086 EN1 EN2 13 EN3 EN4 9 I/O DESCRIPTION TPS2087 4 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. 13 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. 8 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. 9 I Enable input. Active low turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. I Enable input. Active high turns on power switch. EN1 4 4 EN2 13 EN3 8 EN4 9 GNDA 1 1 1 GNDB 5 5 5 IN1 2 2 2 I N-channel MOSFET drain IN2 3 3 3 I N-channel MOSFET drain IN3 6 6 6 I N-channel MOSFET drain 8 Ground for IN1 and IN2 switch and circuitry Ground for IN3 and IN4 switch and circuitry IN4 7 7 7 I N-channel MOSFET drain OCA 16 16 16 O Overcurrent indicator for switch 1 and switch 2. Active-low open drain output. OCB 12 12 12 O Overcurrent indicator for switch 3 and switch 4. Active low open drain output OUT1 15 15 15 O Power-switch output OUT2 14 14 14 O Power-switch output OUT3 11 11 11 O Power-switch output OUT4 10 10 10 O Power-switch output 4 WWW.TI.COM SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 detailed description power switch The power switch is an N-channel MOSFET with a maximum on-state resistance of 135 mΩ (VI(IN) = 5 V). Configured as a high-side switch, the power switch prevents current flow from OUTx to IN and IN to OUTx when disabled. The power switch supplies a minimum of 500 mA per switch. charge pump An internal charge pump supplies power to the driver circuit and provides the necessary voltage to pull the gate of the MOSFET above the source. The charge pump operates from input voltages as low as 2.7 V and requires very little supply current. driver The driver controls the gate voltage of the power switch. To limit large current surges and reduce the associated electromagnetic interference (EMI) produced, the driver incorporates circuitry that controls the rise times and fall times of the output voltage. The rise and fall times are typically in the 2-ms to 4-ms range. enable (ENx or ENx) The logic enable disables the power switch and the bias for the charge pump, driver, and other circuitry to reduce the supply current to less than 10 µA when a logic high is present on ENx or a logic low is present on ENx. A logic low input on ENx or logic high on ENx restores bias to the drive and control circuits and turns the power on. The enable input is compatible with both TTL and CMOS logic levels. overcurrent (OCx) The OCx open drain output is asserted (active low) when an overcurrent or over temperature condition is encountered. The output will remain asserted until the overcurrent or overtemperature condition is removed. current sense A sense FET monitors the current supplied to the load. The sense FET measures current more efficiently than conventional resistance methods. When an overload or short circuit is encountered, the current-sense circuitry sends a control signal to the driver. The driver in turn reduces the gate voltage and drives the power FET into its saturation region, which switches the output into a constant current mode and holds the current constant while varying the voltage on the load. thermal sense The TPS208x implements a dual thermal trip to allow fully independent operation of the power distribution switches. In an overcurrent or short-circuit condition the junction temperature rises. When the die temperature rises to approximately 140°C, the internal thermal sense circuitry checks to determine which power switch is in an overcurrent condition and turns off that switch, thus isolating the fault without interrupting operation of the adjacent power switch. Hysteresis is built into the thermal sense, and after the device has cooled approximately 20 degrees, the switch turns back on. The switch continues to cycle off and on until the fault is removed. The (OCx) open-drain output is asserted (active low) when overtemperature or overcurrent occurs. undervoltage lockout A voltage sense circuit monitors the input voltage. When the input voltage is below approximately 2 V, a control signal turns off the power switch. WWW.TI.COM 5 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† Input voltage range, VI(IN) (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 6 V Output voltage range, VO(OUTx) (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to VI(IN) + 0.3 V Input voltage range, VI(ENx) or VI(ENx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 6 V Continuous output current, IO(OUTx) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . internally limited Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 125°C Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −65°C to 150°C Lead temperature soldering 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection: Human body model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 kV Machine model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 V Charged device model (CDM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 V † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: All voltages are with respect to GND. DISSIPATION RATING TABLE TA ≤ 25°C POWER RATING DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C TA = 70°C POWER RATING TA = 85°C POWER RATING D-8 725 mW 5.8 mW/°C 464 mW 377 mW D-16 1123 mW 9 mW/°C 719 mW 584 mW PACKAGE recommended operating conditions Input voltage, VI(IN) MIN MAX 2.7 5.5 UNIT V Input voltage, VI(ENx) or VI(ENx) 0 5.5 V Continuous output current, IO (per switch) 0 500 mA Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ 0 125 °C electrical characteristics over recommended operating junction temperature range, VI(IN)= 5.5 V, IO = rated current, VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = VI(INx) (unless otherwise noted) supply current PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TJ = 25°C TYP MAX 0.025 1 UNIT Supply current, low-level output No Load on OUT VI(ENx) = VI(IN), VI(ENx) = 0 V Supply current, high-level output No Load on OUT VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = VI(IN) TJ = 25°C −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C 100 Leakage current OUT connected to ground VI(ENx) = VI(IN), VI(ENx) = 0 V −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C 100 µA Reverse leakage current INx = high impedance VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = VI(IN) TJ = 125°C 0.3 µA 6 WWW.TI.COM −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C 10 85 110 µA A µA A SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 electrical characteristics over recommended operating junction temperature range, VI(IN)= 5.5 V, IO = rated current, VI(ENx) = 0 V, VI(ENx) = VI(INx) (unless otherwise noted) (continued) power switch TEST CONDITIONS† PARAMETER rDS(on) Static drain-source on-state resistance tr Rise time, output tf Fall time, output TYP MAX VI(IN) = 5 V, VI(IN) = 5 V, TJ = 25°C, TJ = 85°C, IO = 0.5 A IO = 0.5 A MIN 80 100 90 120 VI(IN) = 5 V, VI(IN) = 3.3 V, TJ = 125°C, TJ = 25°C, IO = 0.5 A IO = 0.5 A 100 135 90 125 VI(IN) = 3.3 V, VI(IN) = 3.3 V, TJ = 85°C, TJ = 125°C, IO = 0.5 A IO = 0.5 A 110 145 120 165 VI(IN) = 5.5 V, RL=10 Ω TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 µF, 2.5 VI(IN) = 2.7 V, RL=10 Ω TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 µF, 3 VI(IN) = 5.5 V, RL=10 Ω TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 µF, 4.4 VI(IN) = 2.7 V, RL=10 Ω TJ = 25°C, CL = 1 µF, 2.5 UNIT mΩ ms ms † Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account separately. enable input VI(ENx) or VI(ENx) PARAMETER VIH High-level input voltage VIL Low-level input voltage TEST CONDITIONS 2.7 V ≤ VI(IN) ≤ 5.5 V MIN TYP MAX 2 V 4.5 V ≤ VI(IN) ≤ 5.5 V 0.8 2.7 V≤ VI(IN) ≤ 4.5 V 0.4 II Input current VI(ENx) = 0 V and VI(ENx) = VI(IN), or VI(ENx) = VI(IN) and VI(ENx) = 0 V ton toff Turnon time CL = 100 µF, Turnoff time CL = 100 µF, UNIT −0.5 RL=10 Ω RL=10 Ω V 0.5 µA 20 ms 40 current limit TEST CONDITIONS† PARAMETER IOS Short-circuit output current VI(IN) = 5 V, OUT connected to GND, Device enabled into short circuit MIN 0.7 TYP 1 MAX 1.3 UNIT A † Pulse-testing techniques maintain junction temperature close to ambient temperature; thermal effects must be taken into account separately. undervoltage lockout PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Low-level input voltage Hysteresis MIN TYP 2 TJ = 25°C MAX 2.5 100 UNIT V mV overcurrent OCx PARAMETER Sink current† Output low voltage Off-state current† TEST CONDITIONS VO = 5 V IO = 5 mA, VO = 5 V, MIN TYP MAX 10 VOL(OCx) VO = 3.3 V UNIT mA 0.5 V 1 µA † Specified by design, not production tested. WWW.TI.COM 7 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION OUTx RL tf tr CL VO(OUTx) 90% 10% 90% 10% TEST CIRCUIT 50% VI(ENx) 50% toff ton 50% toff ton 90% VO(OUTx) 50% VI(ENx) 90% VO(OUTx) 10% 10% VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS Figure 1. Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms VI(EN) (5 V/div) VI(EN) (5 V/div) VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 0.1 µF RL = 10 Ω VO(OUT) (2 V/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VO(OUT) (2 V/div) 10 t − Time − ms Figure 2. Turnon Delay and Rise Time With 0.1-µF Load 8 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 0.1 µF RL = 10 Ω 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 t − Time − ms 14 16 18 Figure 3. Turnoff Delay and Fall Time With 0.1-µF Load WWW.TI.COM 20 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VI(EN) (5 V/div) VI(EN) (5 V/div) VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω VO(OUT) (2 V/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω VO(OUT) (2 V/div) 0 10 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 t − Time − ms t − Time − ms Figure 4. Turnon Delay and Rise Time With 1-µF Load Figure 5. Turnoff Delay and Fall Time With 1-µF Load VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VI(EN) (5 V/div) VO(OUT) (2 V/div) VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C IO(OUT) (0.5 A/div) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 IO(OUT) (0.5 A/div) 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 t − Time − ms t − Time − ms Figure 6. TPS2080, Short-Circuit Current, Device Enabled Into Short Figure 7. TPS2080, Threshold Trip Current With Ramped Load on Enabled Device WWW.TI.COM 9 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION VI(EN) (5 V/div) VO(OC) (5 V/div) 470 µF 220 µF 100 µF VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C Ramp = 1 A/100 ms IO(OUT) (0.5 A/div) 0 20 40 60 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C RL = 10 Ω IO(OUT) (0.2 A/div) 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0 2 4 t − Time − ms 6 8 10 12 Figure 8. OC Response With Ramped Load on Enabled Device VO(OC) (5 V/div) IO(OUT) (0.5 A/div) IO(OUT) (1 A/div) 2000 3000 4000 5000 t − Time − µs 0 200 400 600 800 t − Time − µs Figure 10. 4-Ω Load Connected to Enabled Device 10 18 20 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C VO(OC) (5 V/div) 1000 16 Figure 9. Inrush Current With 100-µF, 220-µF and 470-µF Load Capacitance VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C 0 14 t − Time − ms WWW.TI.COM Figure 11. 1-Ω Load Connected to Enabled Device 1000 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS TURNON DELAY TIME vs INPUT VOLTAGE TURNOFF DELAY TIME vs INPUT VOLTAGE 3.5 12 CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω TA = 25°C Turnon Delay Time − ms Turnon Delay Time − ms 3.2 CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω TA = 25°C 2.9 2.6 10 8 6 2.3 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 4 2.5 6 3 VI − Input Voltage − V 3.5 4 4.5 5 VI − Input Voltage − V Figure 12 5.5 6 5.5 6 Figure 13 RISE TIME vs INPUT VOLTAGE FALL TIME vs INPUT VOLTAGE 3 2.2 CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω TA = 25°C 2.1 CL = 1 µF RL = 10 Ω TA = 25°C f t − Fall Time − ms r t − Rise Time − ms 2.7 2.4 2 1.9 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 1.5 2.5 6 VI − Input Voltage − V Figure 14 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 VI − Input Voltage − V Figure 15 WWW.TI.COM 11 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT ENABLED vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT, OUTPUT DISABLED vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE 160 100 I I(IN) − Supply Current, Output Disabled − nA I I(IN) − Supply Current, Output Enabled − µ A 110 VI(IN) = 5.5 V VI(IN) = 5 V 90 VI(IN) = 4.5 V 80 70 VI(IN) = 3.3 V VI(IN) = 2.7 V 60 50 −40 0 25 85 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C 140 VI(IN) = 5.5 V 120 100 VI(IN) = 4.5 V VI(IN) = 3.3 V 80 60 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 40 20 0 −40 125 VI(IN) = 5 V 0 125 Figure 17 STATIC DRAIN-SOURCE ON-STATE RESISTANCE vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE INPUT-TO-OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs LOAD CURRENT 160 40 VI(IN) − VI(OUT) − Input-to-Output Voltage − mV r DS(on) − Static Drain-Source On-State Resistance − m Ω 85 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C Figure 16 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 140 120 VI(IN) = 3 V 100 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 80 VI(IN) = 4.5 V VI(IN) = 5 V 60 40 20 0 25 85 125 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C TA = 25°C VI(IN) = 2.7 V 35 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 30 25 VI(IN) = 5 V 20 VI(IN) = 4.5 V 15 10 5 0 100 150 200 IL − Load Current − mA Figure 18 12 25 Figure 19 WWW.TI.COM 250 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS SHORT-CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE THRESHOLD TRIP CURRENT vs INPUT VOLTAGE 1.2 TA = 25°C Load Ramp = 1 A/10 ms VI(IN) = 5.5 V 1.1 VI(IN) = 5 V 1.16 VI(IN) = 4.5 V Threshold Trip Current − A I OS − Short-Circuit Output Current − A 1.2 1 VI(IN) = 3.3 V 0.9 VI(IN) = 2.7 V 0.8 1.08 1.04 0.7 0.6 −40 1.12 25 85 0 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C 1 2.5 125 3 Figure 20 5.5 6 Figure 21 UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT vs JUNCTION TEMPERATURE CURRENT LIMIT RESPONSE vs PEAK CURRENT 2.35 250 VI(IN) = 5 V TA = 25°C 2.3 Start Threshold Current Limit Response − µ s UVLO − Undervoltage Lockout − V 3.5 4 4.5 5 VI − Input Voltage − V 2.25 Stop Threshold 2.2 200 150 100 50 2.15 2.1 0 −40 0 25 85 TJ − Junction Temperature − °C 125 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 Peak Current − A Figure 22 Figure 23 WWW.TI.COM 13 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION TPS2082 Power Supply 2.7 V to 5.5 V 2 OUT1 8 4 5 Power Supply 2.7 V to 5.5 V IN1 0.1 µF 3 0.1 µF 7 Load 0.1 µF 22 µF 0.1 µF 22 µF OC EN1 6 Load OUT2 EN2 IN2 GND 1 Figure 24. Typical Application power-supply considerations A 0.01-µF to 0.1-µF ceramic bypass capacitor between INx and GND, close to the device, is recommended. Placing a high-value electrolytic capacitor on the output pin(s) is recommended when the output load is heavy. This precaution reduces power-supply transients that may cause ringing on the input. Additionally, bypassing the output with a 0.01-µF to 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor improves the immunity of the device to short-circuit transients. overcurrent A sense FET is employed to check for overcurrent conditions. Unlike current-sense resistors, sense FETs do not increase the series resistance of the current path. When an overcurrent condition is detected, the device maintains a constant output current and reduces the output voltage accordingly. Complete shutdown occurs only if the fault is present long enough to activate thermal limiting. Three possible overload conditions can occur. In the first condition, the output has been shorted before the device is enabled or before VI(IN) has been applied (see Figure 6). The TPS208x senses the short and immediately switches into a constant-current output. In the second condition, a short or an overload occurs while the device is enabled. At the instant the overload occurs, very high currents may flow for a short time before the current-limit circuit can react (see Figure 10 and 11). After the current-limit circuit has tripped (reached the overcurrent trip threshhold) the device switches into constant-current mode. In the third condition, the load has been gradually increased beyond the recommended operating current. The current is permitted to rise until the current-limit threshold is reached or until the thermal limit of the device is exceeded (see Figure 8). The TPS208x is capable of delivering current up to the current-limit threshold without damaging the device. Once the threshold has been reached, the device switches into its constant-current mode. OC response The OC open-drain output is asserted (active low) when an overcurrent or overtemperature condition is encountered. The output will remain asserted until the overcurrent or overtemperature condition is removed. Connecting a heavy capacitive load to an enabled device can cause momentary false overcurrent reporting from the inrush current flowing through the device, charging the downstream capacitor. The TPS208x devices are designed to reduce false overcurrent reporting. An internal overcurrent transient filter eliminates the need to use external components to remove unwanted pulses. Using low-ESR electrolytic capacitors on the output lowers the inrush current flow through the device during hot-plug events by providing a low impedance energy source, thereby reducing erroneous overcurrent reporting. 14 WWW.TI.COM SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION OC response (continued) V+ Rpullup TPS2082 GND OC IN1 OUT1 IN2 OUT2 EN1 EN2 Figure 25. Typical Circuit for OC Pin power dissipation and junction temperature The low on-resistance on the n-channel MOSFET allows small surface-mount packages, such as SOIC, to pass large currents. The thermal resistances of these packages are high compared to that of power packages; it is good design practice to check power dissipation and junction temperature. Begin by determining the rDS(on) of the N-channel MOSFET relative to the input voltage and operating temperature. As an initial estimate, use the highest operating ambient temperature of interest and read rDS(on) from Figure 18. Using this value, the power dissipation per switch can be calculated by: P D +r DS(on) I2 Multiply this number by the total number of switches being used, to get the total power dissipation coming from the N-channel MOSFETs. Finally, calculate the junction temperature: T +P J D R qJA )T A Where: TA = Ambient Temperature °C RθJA = Thermal resistance SOIC = 172°C/W (for 8 pin), 111°C/W (for 16 pin) PD = Total power dissipation based on number of switches being used. Compare the calculated junction temperature with the initial estimate. If they do not agree within a few degrees, repeat the calculation, using the calculated value as the new estimate. Two or three iterations are generally sufficient to get a reasonable answer. thermal protection Thermal protection prevents damage to the IC when heavy-overload or short-circuit faults are present for extended periods of time. The faults force the TPS208x into constant current mode, which causes the voltage across the high-side switch to increase; under short-circuit conditions, the voltage across the switch is equal to the input voltage. The increased dissipation causes the junction temperature to rise to high levels. The protection circuit senses the junction temperature of the switch and shuts it off. Hysteresis is built into the thermal sense circuit, and after the device has cooled approximately 20 degrees, the switch turns back on. The switch continues to cycle in this manner until the load fault or input power is removed. WWW.TI.COM 15 SLVS202A − SEPTEMBER 2000 − REVISED MARCH 2001 APPLICATION INFORMATION thermal protection (continued) The TPS208x implements a dual thermal trip to allow fully independent operation of the power distribution switches. In an overcurrent or short-circuit condition the junction temperature will rise. Once the die temperature rises to approximately 140°C, the internal thermal sense circuitry checks which power switch is in an overcurrent condition and turns that power switch off, thus isolating the fault without interrupting operation of the adjacent power switch. Should the die temperature exceed the first thermal trip point of 140°C and reach 160°C, both switches turn off. The OC open-drain output is asserted (active low) when overtemperature or overcurrent occurs. undervoltage lockout (UVLO) An undervoltage lockout ensures that the power switch is in the off state at power up. Whenever the input voltage falls below approximately 2 V, the power switch will be quickly turned off. This facilitates the design of hot-insertion systems where it is not possible to turn off the power switch before input power is removed. The UVLO will also keep the switch from being turned on until the power supply has reached at least 2 V, even if the switch is enabled. Upon reinsertion, the power switch will be turned on with a controlled rise time to reduce EMI and voltage overshoots. generic hot-plug applications (see Figure 26) In many applications it may be necessary to remove modules or pc boards while the main unit is still operating. These are considered hot-plug applications. Such implementations require the control of current surges seen by the main power supply and the card being inserted. The most effective way to control these surges is to limit and slowly ramp the current and voltage being applied to the card, similar to the way in which a power supply normally turns on. Due to the controlled rise times and fall times of the TPS208x, these devices can be used to provide a softer start-up to devices being hot-plugged into a powered system. The UVLO feature of the TPS208x also ensures the switch will be off after the card has been removed, and the switch will be off during the next insertion. The UVLO feature insures a soft start with a controlled rise time for every insertion of the card or module. Overcurrent Response Power Supply 1000 µF Optimum 0.1 µF 2.7 V to 5.5 V 1000 µF Optimum 0.1 µF PC Board TPS2082 OC GND IN1 OUT1 IN2 EN1 Block of Circuitry OUT2 EN2 Block of Circuitry Figure 26. Typical Hot-Plug Implementation By placing the TPS208x between the VCC input and the rest of the circuitry, the input power will reach these devices first after insertion. The typical rise time of the switch is approximately 2.5 ms, providing a slow voltage ramp at the output of the device. This implementation controls system surge currents and provides a hot-plugging mechanism for any device. 16 WWW.TI.COM IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. 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