AKM AK4440EF

[AK4440]
AK4440
192kHz 24-Bit 8ch DAC with 2Vrms Output
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AK4440 is a 5V 24-bit 8ch DAC with an integrated 2Vrms output buffer. A charge pump in the buffer
develops an internal negative power supply rail that enables a ground-referenced 2Vrms output. Using
AKM’s multi bit modulator architecture, the AK4440 delivers a wide dynamic range while preserving
linearity for improved THD+N performance. The AK4440 integrates a combination of switched-capacitor
and continuous-time filters, increasing performance for systems with excessive clock jitter. The 24-bit
word length and 192kHz sampling rate make this part ideal for a wide range of consumer audio
applications, such as DVD/BD, AV receiver, Home theater systems and set-top boxes. The AK4440 is
offered in a space saving 30pin VSOP package.
FEATURES
† Sampling Rate Ranging from 8kHz to 192kHz
† 128 times Oversampling (Normal Speed Mode)
† 64 times Oversampling (Double Speed Mode)
† 32 times Oversampling (Quad Speed Mode)
† 24Bit 8 times FIR Digital Filter with Slow roll-off option
† Switched-Capacitor Filter with High Tolerance to Clock Jitter
† Single Ended 2Vrms Output Buffer
† Digital De-emphasis Filter: 32kHz, 44.1kHz or 48kHz
† Soft mute
† Control I/F: 3-wire Serial and I2C Bus
† Audio I/F format: MSB justified, LSB justified (16bit, 20bit, 24bit), I2S, TDM
† Master clock: 256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 768fs or 1152fs (Normal Speed Mode)
128fs, 192fs, 256fs or 384fs (Double Speed Mode)
128fs or 192fs (Quad Speed Mode)
† THD+N: -93dB
† Dynamic Range: 105dB
† Automatic Power-on Reset Circuit
† Power Supply: +4.5 to +5.5V
† Ta = -20 to 85°C
† Small Package: 30 pin VSOP (9.7mm x 7.6mm)
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-1-
[AK4440]
Audio
I/F
LOUT1
LPF
SCF
DAC
ROUT1
LPF
SCF
DAC
LOUT2
LPF
SCF
DAC
ROUT2
LPF
SCF
DAC
LOUT3
LPF
SCF
DAC
ROUT3
LPF
SCF
DAC
LOUT4
LPF
SCF
DAC
ROUT4
LPF
SCF
DAC
MCLK
LRCK
BICK
SDTI1
SDTI2
SDTI3
SDTI4
PCM
Control
Register
3-wire
2
or I C
AK4440
Charge
Pump
CP
CN
1μ
VEE
VSS2
VDD
VSS1
AVDD
1μ
Block Diagram
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-2-
[AK4440]
■ Ordering Guide
AK4440EF
AKD4440
-20 ∼ +85°C
30pin VSOP
Evaluation Board for AK4440
■ Pin Layout
MCLK
1
30
VDD
BICK
2
29
VSS2
SDTI1
3
28
CP
LRCK
4
27
CN
TEST
5
26
VEE
SMUTE/CSN/CAD0
6
25
LOUT1
ACKS/CCLK/SCL
7
24
ROUT1
DIF0/CDTI/SDA
8
23
LOUT2
SDTI2
9
22
ROUT2
SDTI3
10
21
LOUT3
SDTI4
11
20
ROUT3
TDM0B
12
19
LOUT4
DEM0
13
18
ROUT4
I2C/DEM1
14
17
VSS1
P/S
15
16
AVDD
AK4440
Top
View
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-3-
[AK4440]
PIN/FUNCTION
No.
1
Pin Name
MCLK
I/O
I
2
3
4
5
6
BICK
SDTI1
LRCK
TEST
SMUTE
CSN
CAD0
ACKS
I
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
I
9
10
11
12
CCLK
SCL
DIF0
CDTI
SDA
SDTI2
SDTI3
SDTI4
TDM0B
I
I
I/O
I
I
I
I
13
14
DEM0
I2C
I
I
15
DEM1
P/S
I
I
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
AVDD
VSS1
ROUT4
LOUT4
ROUT3
LOUT3
ROUT2
LOUT2
ROUT1
LOUT1
VEE
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
27
CN
I
28
CP
I
7
8
Function
Master Clock Input Pin
An external TTL clock should be input on this pin.
Audio Serial Data Clock Pin
DAC1 Audio Serial Data Input Pin
L/R Clock Pin
TEST pin. This pin should be open.
Soft Mute Pin in parallel mode
“H”: Enable, “L”: Disable
Chip Select Pin in serial 3-wire mode
Chip Address Pin in serial I2C mode
Auto Setting Mode Pin in parallel mode
“L”: Manual Setting Mode,
“H”: Auto Setting Mode
Control Data Clock Pin in serial 3-wire mode
Control Data Clock Pin in serial I2C mode
Audio Data Interface Format Pin in parallel mode
Control Data Input Pin in serial 3-wire mode
Control Data Pin in serial I2C mode
DAC2 Audio Serial Data Input Pin
DAC3 Audio Serial Data Input Pin
DAC4 Audio Serial Data Input Pin
TDM I/F Format Mode in parallel control mode
“L”: TDM256 mode, “H”: Normal mode
De-emphasis Filter Enable Pin in parallel mode
Control Mode Select Pin in serial mode
“L”: 3-wire Serial, “H”: I2C Bus
De-emphasis Filter Enable Pin in parallel mode
Parallel/Serial Select Pin
(Internal pull-up pin, typ 100kΩ)
“L”: Serial control mode, “H”: Parallel control mode
DAC Analog Power Supply Pin: 4.5V∼5.5V
Ground Pin
DAC4 Rch Analog Output Pin
DAC4 Lch Analog Output Pin
DAC3 Rch Analog Output Pin
DAC3 Lch Analog Output Pin
DAC2 Rch Analog Output Pin
DAC2 Lch Analog Output Pin
DAC1 Rch Analog Output Pin
DAC1 Lch Analog Output Pin
Negative Voltage Output Pin
Connect to VSS2 with a 1.0μF capacitor that should have the low ESR (Equivalent
Series Resistance) over all temperature range. When this capacitor has the polarity,
the positive polarity pin should be connected to the VSS2 pin. Non polarity capacitors
can also be used.
Negative Charge Pump Capacitor Terminal Pin
Connect to CP with a 1.0μF capacitor that should have the low ESR (Equivalent
Series Resistance) over all temperature range. When this capacitor has the polarity,
the positive polarity pin should be connected to the CP pin. Non polarity capacitors
can also be used.
Positive Charge Pump Capacitor Terminal Pin
Connect to CN with a 1.0μF capacitor that should have the low ESR (Equivalent
Series Resistance) over all temperature range. When this capacitor has the polarity,
the positive polarity pin should be connected to the CP pin. Non polarity capacitors
can also be used.
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-4-
[AK4440]
PIN/FUNCTION (Continued)
No.
29
30
Pin Name
VSS2
VDD
I/O
-
Function
Ground Pin
Charge Pump and DAC Digital Power Supply Pin: 4.5V∼5.5V
Note: All input pins except for the P/S pin should not be left floating.
■ Handling of Unused Pin
The following tables illustrate recommended states for open pins:
Classification Pin Name
Analog
LOUT4-1, ROUT4-1
SDTI4-1
DEM0, TDM0B (Serial control mode)
Digital
TEST
Setting
Leave open.
Connect to VSS2.
Connect to VDD or VSS2.
Leave open.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(VSS1=VSS2=0V; Note 1)
Parameter
Power Supply
Symbol
VDD
AVDD
IIN
VIND
Ta
Tstg
min
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
-20
-65
max
+6.0
+6.0
±10
VDD+0.3
85
150
Input Current (any pins except supplies)
Input Voltage
Ambient Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Note 1. All voltages with respect to ground.
Note 2. VSS1 and VSS2 must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
Units
V
V
mA
V
°C
°C
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(VSS1=VSS2=0V; Note 1)
Parameter
Power Supply
Symbol
VDD
AVDD
min
+4.5
typ
+5.0
VDD
max
+5.5
Units
V
Note 3. VDD and AVDD are the same voltage.
*AKM assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this datasheet.
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-5-
[AK4440]
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; VDD=AVDD = +5.0V; fs=44.1kHz; BICK=64fs; Signal Frequency=1kHz; 24bit Input Data; Measurement
frequency=20Hz ∼ 20kHz; RL ≥5kΩ; unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
min
typ
max
Units
Resolution
24
Bits
Dynamic Characteristics (Note 4)
THD+N (0dBFS)
fs=44.1kHz, BW=20kHz
-93
-84
dB
fs=96kHz, BW=40kHz
-92
dB
fs=192kHz, BW=40kHz
-92
dB
Dynamic Range (-60dBFS with A-weighted, Note 5)
98
105
dB
S/N (A-weighted, Note 6)
98
105
dB
Interchannel Isolation (1kHz)
90
100
dB
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
0.2
0.5
dB
DC Accuracy
DC Offset
(at output pin)
-60
0
+60
mV
Gain Drift
100
ppm/°C
Output Voltage (Note 7)
1.97
2.12
2.27
Vrms
Load Capacitance (Note 8)
25
pF
Load Resistance
5
kΩ
Power Supplies
Power Supply Current: (Note 9)
Power Supply Current: (Note 9)
80
110
mA
Normal Operation (fs≤96kHz)
85
120
mA
Normal Operation (fs=192kHz)
20
100
Power-Down Mode (Note 10)
μA
Note 4. Measured by Audio Precision (System Two). Refer to the evaluation board manual.
Note 5. 98dB for 16bit input data
Note 6. S/N does not depend on input data size.
Note 7. Full-scale voltage (0dB). Output voltage is proportional to the voltage of AVDD,
AOUT (typ.@0dB) = 2.12Vrms × VDD/5.
Note 8. In case of driving capacitive load, inset a resistor between the output pin and the capacitive load.
Note 9. The current into VDD and AVDD.
Note 10. The P/S pin is tied to VDD and the all other digital inputs including clock pins (MCLK, BICK and LRCK) are
tied to VSS2.
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-6-
[AK4440]
SHARP ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; VDD=AVDD = 4.5 ∼ 5.5V; fs = 44.1kHz; DEM = OFF; SLOW = “0”)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
Units
Digital filter
PB
0
20.0
kHz
Passband
±0.05dB
(Note 11)
22.05
kHz
-6.0dB
Stopband
(Note 11)
SB
24.1
kHz
Passband Ripple
PR
dB
± 0.02
Stopband Attenuation
SA
54
dB
Group Delay
(Note 12)
GD
19.3
1/fs
Digital Filter + SCF + LPF
Frequency Response 20.0kHz Fs=44.1kHz
FR
dB
±0.05
40.0kHz Fs=96kHz
FR
dB
±0.05
80.0kHz Fs=192kHz
FR
dB
±0.05
Note 11. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs(system sampling rate). For example, PB=0.4535×fs
(@±0.05dB), SB=0.546×fs.
Note 12. The calculating delay time which occurred by digital filtering. This time is from setting the 16/24bit data of
both channels to input register to the output of analog signal.
SLOW ROLL-OFF FILTER CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; VDD=AVDD = 4.5~5.5V; fs = 44.1kHz; DEM = OFF; SLOW = “1”)
Parameter
Symbol
min
(Note 13)
PB
(Note 13)
SB
PR
SA
GD
0
39.2
typ
max
Units
18.2
8.1
-
kHz
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
1/fs
Digital Filter
Passband
±0.04dB
-3.0dB
Stopband
Passband Ripple
Stopband Attenuation
Group Delay
(Note 12)
± 0.005
72
-
19.3
-
Digital Filter + SCF + LPF
FR
+0.1/-4.3
dB
20.0kHz fs=44.kHz
FR
+0.1/-3.3
dB
40.0kHz fs=96kHz
FR
+0.1/-3.7
dB
80.0kHz fs=192kHz
Note 13. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs. For example, PB = 0.185×fs (@±0.04dB), SB =
0.888×fs.
Frequency Response
DC CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; VDD=AVDD = 4.5 ∼ 5.5V)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
2.2
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
0.8
Low-Level Output Voltage
DIF0/CDTI/SDA
(Iout = 3mA)
VOL
0.4
Input Leakage Current
(Note 14)
Iin
± 10
Note 14. The current of the P/S pin is not included. The P/S pin has an internal pull-up resistor (typ.100kΩ).
Units
V
V
V
V
μA
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-7-
[AK4440]
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; VDD=AVDD= +4.5 ∼ +5.5V; CL = 20pF)
Parameter
Symbol
min
fCLK
2.048
Master Clock Frequency
Duty Cycle
dCLK
40
LRCK Frequency
Normal Mode (TDM0= “0”, TDM1= “0”)
Normal Speed Mode
fsn
8
Double Speed Mode
fsd
60
Quad Speed Mode
fsq
120
Duty Cycle
Duty
45
TDM256 mode (TDM0= “1”, TDM1= “0”)
Normal Speed Mode
fsn
8
High time
tLRH
1/256fs
Low time
tLRL
1/256fs
TDM128 mode (TDM0= “1”, TDM1= “1”)
Normal Speed Mode
fsn
8
Double Speed Mode
60
fsd
High time
1/128fs
tLRH
Low time
1/128fs
tLRL
Audio Interface Timing
BICK Period
tBCK
81
BICK Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
30
Pulse Width High
tBCKH
30
tBLR
20
BICK “↑” to LRCK Edge
(Note 15)
tLRB
20
LRCK Edge to BICK “↑”
(Note 15)
tSDH
10
SDTI Hold Time
tSDS
10
SDTI Setup Time
Control Interface Timing (3-wire Serial control mode):
CCLK Period
tCCK
200
CCLK Pulse Width Low
tCCKL
80
Pulse Width High
tCCKH
80
CDTI Setup Time
tCDS
40
CDTI Hold Time
tCDH
40
CSN High Time
tCSW
150
tCSS
50
CSN “↓” to CCLK “↑”
tCSH
50
CCLK “↑” to CSN “↑”
Control Interface Timing (I2C Bus mode):
fSCL
SCL Clock Frequency
1.3
tBUF
Bus Free Time Between Transmissions
0.6
tHD:STA
Start Condition Hold Time (prior to first clock pulse)
1.3
tLOW
Clock Low Time
0.6
tHIGH
Clock High Time
0.6
tSU:STA
Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition
0
tHD:DAT
SDA Hold Time from SCL Falling
(Note 16)
0.1
tSU:DAT
SDA Setup Time from SCL Rising
tR
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
tF
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Lines
0.6
tSU:STO
Setup Time for Stop Condition
0
tSP
Pulse Width of Spike Noise Suppressed by Input Filter
Cb
Capacitive load on bus
Note 15. BICK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge.
Note 16. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the 300 ns transition time of SCL.
Note 17. I2C-bus is a trademark of NXP B.V.
MS1088-E-01
typ
max
36.864
60
Units
MHz
%
48
96
192
55
kHz
kHz
kHz
%
48
kHz
ns
ns
48
96
kHz
kHz
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
400
0.3
0.3
50
400
kHz
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
μs
ns
pF
2011/03
-8-
[AK4440]
■ Timing Diagram
1/fCLK
VIH
MCLK
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
dCLK=tCLKH x fCLK, tCLKL x fCLK
1/fs
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBCK
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
Figure 1. Clock Timing
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBLR
tLRB
VIH
BICK
VIL
tSDH
tSDS
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Figure 2. Audio Serial Interface Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
-9-
[AK4440]
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSS
tCCKL tCCKH
VIH
CCLK
VIL
tCDS
CDTI
C1
tCDH
C0
R/W
VIH
A4
VIL
Figure 3. WRITE Command Input Timing
tCSW
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSH
VIH
CCLK
VIL
CDTI
D3
D2
D1
VIH
D0
VIL
Figure 4. WRITE Data Input Timing
VIH
SDA
VIL
tLOW
tBUF
tR
tHIGH
tF
tSP
VIH
SCL
VIL
tHD:STA
Stop
Start
tHD:DAT
tSU:DAT
tSU:STA
tSU:STO
Start
Stop
Figure 5. I2C Bus mode Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 10 -
[AK4440]
OPERATION OVERVIEW
■ System Clock
The external clocks, which are required to operate the AK4440, are MCLK, LRCK and BICK. The master clock
(MCLK) should be synchronized with LRCK but the phase is not critical. The MCLK is used to operate the digital
interpolation filter and the delta-sigma modulator. There are two methods to set MCLK frequency. In Manual Setting
Mode (ACKS bit = “0”: Register 00H), the sampling speed is set by DFS1-0 bits (Table 1). The frequency of MCLK
for each sampling speed is set automatically. (Table 2~Table 4) In auto setting mode (ACKS bit = “1”: Default), as
MCLK frequency is detected automatically (Table 5), and the internal master clock becomes the appropriate frequency
(Table 6), it is not necessary to set DFS1-0 bits.
In parallel control mode, the sampling speed can be set by only the ACKS pin. When ACKS pin = “L”, the AK4440
operates by Normal Speed Mode. When ACKS pin = “H”, auto setting mode is enabled. The parallel control mode does
not support 128fs and 192fs of double speed mode.
The AK4440 is automatically placed in power saving mode when MCLK, LRCK and BICK stop during normal
operation mode, and the analog output is forced to 0V(typ). When MCLK, LRCK and BICK are input again, the
AK4440 is powered up. After power-up, the AK4440 is in the power-down mode until MCLK, LRCK and BICK are
input.
DFS1 bit
DFS0 bit
Sampling Rate (fs)
0
0
Normal Speed Mode
8kHz~48kHz
0
1
Double Speed Mode
60kHz~96kHz
1
0
Quad Speed Mode
(default)
120kHz~192kHz
Table 1. Sampling Speed (Manual Setting Mode)
LRCK
MCLK
BICK
fs
256fs
384fs
512fs
768fs
1152fs
64fs
32.0kHz 8.1920MHz
12.2880MHz 16.3840MHz 24.5760MHz 36.8640MHz 2.0480MHz
44.1kHz 11.2896MHz 16.9344MHz 22.5792MHz 33.8688MHz
N/A
2.8224MHz
48.0kHz 12.2880MHz 18.4320MHz 24.5760MHz 36.8640MHz
N/A
3.0720MHz
Table 2. System Clock Example (Normal Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode) (N/A: Not available)
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 11 -
[AK4440]
LRCK
MCLK
BICK
fs
128fs
192fs
256fs
384fs
64fs
88.2kHz 11.2896MHz 16.9344MHz 22.5792MHz 33.8688MHz 5.6448MHz
96.0kHz 12.2880MHz 18.4320MHz 24.5760MHz 36.8640MHz 6.1440MHz
Table 3. System Clock Example (Double Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode)
LRCK
MCLK
BICK
fs
128fs
192fs
64fs
176.4kHz 22.5792MHz 33.8688MHz 11.2896MHz
192.0kHz 24.5760MHz 36.8640MHz 12.2880MHz
Table 4. System Clock Example (Quad Speed Mode @Manual Setting Mode)
MCLK
Sampling Speed
512fs
768fs
Normal
256fs
384fs
Double
128fs
192fs
Quad
Table 5. Sampling Speed (Auto Setting Mode)
LRCK
Fs
32.0kHz
44.1kHz
48.0kHz
88.2kHz
96.0kHz
176.4kHz
192.0kHz
128fs
22.5792
24.5760
MCLK (MHz)
192fs
256fs
384fs
512fs
768fs
16.3840
24.5760
22.5792
33.8688
24.5760
36.8640
22.5792
33.8688
24.5760
36.8640
33.8688
36.8640
Table 6. System Clock Example (Auto Setting Mode)
MS1088-E-01
1152fs
36.8640
-
Sampling
Speed
Normal
Double
Quad
2011/03
- 12 -
[AK4440]
■ Audio Serial Interface Format
In parallel control mode, the DIF0 and TDM0B pins as shown in Table 7 can select four serial data modes. The register
value of DIF0 and TDM0B bits are ignored. In serial control mode, the DIF2-0 and TDM1-0 bits shown in Table 8 can
select 11 serial data modes. Initial value of DIF2-0 bits is “010”. In all modes the serial data is MSB-first, 2’s
complement format and is latched on the rising edge of BICK. Mode 2 can be used for 16/20 MSB justified formats by
zeroing the unused LSBs.
In parallel control mode, when the TDM0B pin = “L”, the audio interface format is TDM256 mode (Table 7). The audio
data of all DACs (eight channels) are input to the SDTI1 pin. The input data to SDTI2-4 pins are ignored. BICK should
be fixed to 256fs.
In serial control mode, when the TDM0 bit = “1” and the TDM1 bit = “0”, the audio interface format is TDM256 mode
(Table 8), and the audio data of all DACs (eight channels) are input to the SDTI1 pin. The input data to the SDTI2-4
pins are ignored. BICK should be fixed to 256fs. “H” time and “L” time of LRCK should be at least 1/256fs. The audio
data is MSB-first, 2’s complement format. The input data to the SDTI1 pin is latched on the rising edge of BICK. In
TDM128 mode (TDM1-0 bits = “11”, Table 8), the audio data of DACs (four channels; L1, R1, L2, R2) are input to the
SDTI1 pin. The other four data (L3, R3, L4, R4) are input to the SDTI2 pin. The input data to SDTI3-4 pins are
ignored. BICK should be fixed to 128fs. The audio data is MSB-first, 2’s complement format. The input data to
SDTI1-2 pins are latched on the rising edge of BICK.
Mode
Normal
TDM256
Mode
Normal
0
1
2
3
4
TDM256
5
6
7
TDM128
8
9
10
2
3
5
6
TDM0B pin
DIF0 pin SDTI Format
LRCK
H
L
24-bit MSB Justified
H/L
2
L/H
H
H
24-bit I S Compatible
L
L
24-bit MSB Justified
↑
L
H
24-bit I2S Compatible
↓
Table 7. Audio Data Formats (Parallel control mode)
BICK
≥48fs
≥48fs
256fs
256fs
TDM1 TDM0 DIF2 DIF1 DIF0
SDTI Format
LRCK
bit
bit
bit
bit
bit
0
0
0
0
0
16-bit LSB Justified
H/L
0
0
0
0
1
20-bit LSB Justified
H/L
0
0
0
1
0
24-bit MSB Justified
H/L
0
0
0
1
1
24-bit I2S Compatible
L/H
0
0
1
0
0
24-bit LSB Justified
H/L
0
1
0
0
0
N/A
0
1
0
0
1
N/A
0
1
0
1
0
24-bit MSB Justified
↑
0
1
0
1
1
24-bit I2S Compatible
↓
0
1
1
0
0
24-bit LSB Justified
↑
1
1
0
0
0
N/A
1
1
0
0
1
N/A
1
1
0
1
0
24-bit MSB Justified
↑
1
1
0
1
1
24-bit I2S Compatible
↓
1
1
1
0
0
24-bit LSB Justified
↑
Table 8. Audio Data Formats (Serial control mode) (N/A: Not available)
MS1088-E-01
Figure
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
BICK
Figure
≥32fs
≥40fs
≥48fs
≥48fs
≥48fs
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 7
256fs
256fs
256fs
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
128fs
128fs
128fs
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
2011/03
- 13 -
[AK4440]
LRCK
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
1
BICK
(32fs)
SDTI
Mode 0
15
14
6
1
0
5
14
4
15
3
2
16
1
17
0
31
15
0
14
6
5
14
1
4
15
3
16
2
1
17
0
31
15
14
0
1
0
1
0
1
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
Mode 0
Don’t care
15
14
15
Don’t care
0
14
0
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 6. Mode 0 Timing
LRCK
0
1
8
9
10
11
12
31
0
1
8
9
10
11
12
31
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
Mode 1
Don’t care
19
0
Don’t care
19
0
Don’t care
19
0
19
0
19:MSB, 0:LSB
SDTI
Mode 4
Don’t care
23
22
21
20
23
22
20
21
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 7. Mode 1/4 Timing
LRCK
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
0
1
2
22
23
24
30
31
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
23 22
1
0
Don’t care
23 22
1
0
Don’t care
23
22
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 8. Mode 2 Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 14 -
[AK4440]
LRCK
0
1
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
2
3
23
24
25
31
0
1
BICK
(64fs)
SDTI
0
1
23 22
Don’t care
23 22
0
1
23
Don’t care
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 9. Mode 3 Timing
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK(256fs)
SDTI1(i)
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
Figure 10. Mode 5 Timing
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK(256fs)
SDTI1(i)
23
0
23
0
23
0
23
0
23
0
23
0
23
0
23
0
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23
Figure 11. Mode 6 Timing
256 BICK
LRCK
BICK(256fs)
SDTI1(i)
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
0
23
Figure 12. Mode 7 Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 15 -
[AK4440]
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI1(i)
SDTI2(i)
23 22
23 22
0
0
23 22
23 22
0
L1
R1
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23
0
23
Figure 13. Mode 8 Timing
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI1(i)
SDTI2(i)
23 22
0
23 22
0
0
23 22
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
Figure 14. Mode 9 Timing
128 BICK
LRCK
BICK(128fs)
SDTI1(i)
SDTI2(i)
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L1
R1
L2
R2
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
0
23 22
L3
R3
L4
R4
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
32 BICK
0
19
0
19
Figure 15. Mode 10 Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 16 -
[AK4440]
■ Analog Output Block
The internal negative power supply generation circuit (Figure 16) provides a negative power supply for the internal
2Vrms amplifier. It allows the AK4440 to output an audio signal centered at VSS (0V, typ) as shown in Figure 17. The
negative power generation circuit (Figure 16) needs 1.0μF low ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) capacitors (Ca, Cb).
If this capacitor is polarized, the positive polarity pin should be connected to the CP and VSS2 pins. This circuit
operates by clocks generated from MCLK. When MCLK stops, the AK4440 is placed in the reset mode automatically
and the analog outputs settle to VSS (0V, typ).
AK4440
VDD
Charge
Pump
CP
Negative Power
CN
(+)
1uF
VSS2
VEE
Cb
1uF
(+)
Ca
Figure 16. Negative Power Generation Circuit
AK4440
2.12Vrms
0V
LOUT
(ROUT)
Figure 17. Audio Signal Output
■ De-emphasis Filter
A digital de-emphasis filter is available for 32, 44.1 or 48kHz sampling rates (tc = 50/15μs). For double speed and quad
speed modes, the digital de-emphasis filter is always off. In serial control mode, the DEM1-0 bits are valid for the DAC
enabled by the DEMA-D bits (Table 9). In parallel control mode, DEM1-0 pins are valid (Table 10).
DEM1 bit
DEM0 bit
Mode
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
44.1kHz
OFF
48kHz
32kHz
(default)
Table 9 De-emphasis Filter Control in Serial Control Mode (Normal Speed Mode)
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 17 -
[AK4440]
DEM1 pin
DEM0 pin
Mode
L
L
H
H
L
H
L
H
44.1kHz
OFF
48kHz
32kHz
(default)
Table 10 De-emphasis Filter Control in Parallel Control Mode (Normal Speed Mode)
■ Soft Mute Operation
Soft mute operation is performed in the digital domain. When the SMUTE pin/bit is set “1”, the output signal is
attenuated to -∞ in 1024 LRCK cycles. When the SMUTE pin/bit is returned to “0”, the mute is cancelled and the
output attenuation gradually changes to 0dB in 1024 LRCK cycles. If the soft mute is cancelled within the 1024 LRCK
cycles after starting this operation, the attenuation is discontinued and it is returned to 0dB by the same cycle. Soft mute
is effective for changing the signal source without stopping the signal transmission.
SMUTE pin/bit
1024/fs
0dB
1024/fs
(1)
(3)
Attenuation
-∞
GD
(2)
GD
LOUT/ROUT
DZF pin
(4)
8192/fs
Notes:
(1) The time for input data to be attenuated to -∞, is
Normal Speed Mode: 1024 LRCK cycles (1024/fs).
Double Speed Mode: 2048 LRCK cycles (2048/fs).
Quad Speed Mode:
4096 LRCK cycles (4096/fs).
(2) The analog output corresponding to a specific digital input has group delay, GD.
(3) If soft mute is cancelled before attenuating to -∞, the attenuation is discontinued and returned to ATT level in the
same cycle.
Figure 18. Soft Mute Function
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 18 -
[AK4440]
■ System Reset
The AK4440 is in power down mode upon power-up. The MLCK should be input after the power supplies are ramped
up. The AK4440 is in power-down mode until LRCK are input.
tW<20ms
Power Supply 0.8xVDD
(VDD, AVDD)
0.3V
(1)
MCLK
20 µs
(3)
Internal
Reset
Reset Release
10ms (max)
(2)
Reset
Audio circuit
Power-up
8~10
LRCK Clocks
(4)
Charge Pump
Circuit
Power-up
Power down
Time A
VEE Pin
0V
(5)
“0” data
D/A In
(Digital)
0V
D/A Out
(Analog)
Active (D/A Out)
MUTE (D/A Out)
Notes:
(1) The AK4440 includes an internal Power on Reset Circuit which is used reset the digital logic into a default state
after power up. Therefore, the power supply voltage must reach 80% VDD from 0.3V in less than 20msec.
(2) Register writings are valid after 10ms (max).
(3) When internal reset is released, approximately 20us after a MCLK input, the internal analog circuit is powered-up.
(4) The digital circuit and charge pump circuit are powered-up in 8~10 LRCK cycles when the analog circuit is
powered-up.
(5) The charge pump counter starts after the charge pump circuit is powered-up. The DAC outputs a valid analog signal
after Time A.
Time A = 1024/(fs x 16): Normal speed mode
Time A = 1024/(fs x 8): Double speed mode
Time A = 1024/(fs x 4): Quad speed mode
Figure 19. System Reset Diagram
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 19 -
[AK4440]
■ Reset Function
When the MCLK, LRCK or BICK stops, the AK4440 is placed in reset mode and its analog outputs are set to VSS (0V,
typ). When the MCLK, LRCK and BICK are restarted, the AK4440 returns to normal operation mode.
Clock In
(1) (2)
MCLK, BICK, LRCK
MCLK or BICK or LRCK
Stop
Internal
State
Normal Operation
Reset
D/A In
(Digital)
Normal Operation
(3)
GD
D/A Out
(Analog)
(5)
VSS
(4)
(5)
Notes:
(1) Clocks (MCLK, BICK, LRCK) can be stopped in the reset mode (MCLK or LRCK or BICK is stopped).
(2) The AK4440 detects the stop of LRCK or BICK if LRCK or BICK stops for more than 2048/fs. When LRCK is
stopped, the AK4440 exits reset mode after LRCK is inputted. When BICK is stopped, the AK4440 exits reset
mode after BICK is input.
(3) Digital data can be stopped. The click noise after MCLK, LRCK and BICK are input again can be reduced by
inputting the “0” data during this period.
(4) The analog output corresponding to a specific digital input has group delay (GD).
(5) No audible click noise occurs under normal conditions.
Figure 20. Reset Timing Example
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 20 -
[AK4440]
■ Register Control Interface
The AK4440’s functions are controlled by registers. Two types of control mode write internal registers. In the I2C-bus
mode, the chip address is determined by the state of the CAD0 pin. In 3-wire mode, the chip address is fixed to “11”.
Writing “0” to the RSTN bit resets the internal timing circuit, but the registers are not initialized.
* The AK4440 does not support read commands.
* When the state of the P/S pin is changed, the AK4440 should be reset by the RSTB bit = “0”.
* In serial control mode, the setting of parallel pins is invalid.
Function
Parallel Control Mode
Serial Control Mode
X
X
X
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
Double sampling mode at 128/192fs
De-emphasis
SMUTE
16/20/24bit LSB justified format
TDM256 mode
TDM128 mode
Table 11 Function Table (X: Available, -: Not available)
(1) 3-wire Serial Control Mode (I2C pin = “L”)
The 3-wire μP interface pins, CSN, CCLK and CDTI, write internal registers. The data on this interface consists of
Chip Address (2bits, C1/0; fixed to “11”), Read/Write (1bit; fixed to “1”, Write only), Register Address (MSB first,
5bits) and Control Data (MSB first, 8bits). The AK4440 latches the data on the rising edge of CCLK, so data should
clocked in on the falling edge. The writing of data becomes valid by the rising edge of CSN. The clock speed of CCLK
is 5MHz (max).
CSN
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
CCLK
CDTI
C1 C0 R/W A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
C1-C0:
R/W:
A4-A0:
D7-D0:
Chip Address (Fixed to “11”)
READ/WRITE (Fixed to “1”, Write only)
Register Address
Control Data
Figure 21. Control I/F Timing
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 21 -
[AK4440]
(2) I2C-bus Control Mode (I2C pin = “H”)
The AK4440 supports the fast-mode I2C-bus system (max: 400kHz).
Figure 22 shows the data transfer sequence at the I2C-bus mode. All commands are preceded by a START condition. A
HIGH to LOW transition on the SDA line while SCL is HIGH indicates a START condition (Figure 26). After the
START condition, a slave address is sent. This address is 7 bits long followed by the eighth bit which is a data direction
bit (R/W) (Figure 23). The most significant six bits of the slave address are fixed as “001001”. The next one bit is
CAD0 (device address bit). The bit identifies the specific device on the bus. The hard-wired input pin (CAD0 pin) set
them. If the slave address match that of the AK4440 and R/W bit is “0”, the AK4440 generates an acknowledge and the
write operation is executed. If R/W bit is “1”, the AK4440 does not answer any acknowledge (Figure 27).
The second byte consists of the address for control registers of the AK4440. The format is MSB first, and those most
significant 3-bits are fixed to zeros (Figure 24). Those data after the second byte contain control data. The format is
MSB first, 8bits (Figure 25). The AK4440 generates an acknowledge after each byte is received. A data transfer is
always terminated by a STOP condition generated by the master. A LOW to HIGH transition on the SDA line while
SCL is HIGH defines STOP condition (Figure 26).
The AK4440 is capable of more than one byte write operation by one sequence. After receipt of the third byte, the
AK4440 generates an acknowledge, and awaits the next data. The master can transmit more than one byte instead of
terminating the write cycle after the first data byte is transferred. After the receipt of each data, the internal 5bits
address counter is incremented by one, and the next data is taken into next address automatically. If the addresses
exceed 03H prior to generating the stop condition, the address counter will “roll over” to 00H and the previous data will
be overwritten.
The data on the SDA line must be stable during the HIGH period of the clock. The HIGH or LOW state of the data line
can only change when the clock signal on the SCL line is LOW (Figure 28) except for the START and the STOP
condition.
S
T
A
R
T
SDA
S
S
T
O
P
R/W
Slave
Address
Sub
Address(n)
A
C
K
Data(n+1)
Data(n)
A
C
K
A
C
K
Data(n+x)
A
C
K
A
C
K
P
A
C
K
Figure 22. Data transfer sequence at the I2C-bus mode
0
0
1
0
0
1
CAD0
R/W
A2
A1
A0
D2
D1
D0
(This CAD0 should match with CAD0 pin)
Figure 23. The first byte
0
0
0
A4
A3
Figure 24. The second byte
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
Figure 25. Byte structure after the second byte
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 22 -
[AK4440]
SDA
SCL
S
P
start condition
stop condition
Figure 26. START and STOP conditions
DATA
OUTPUT BY
MASTER
not acknowledge
DATA
OUTPUT BY
SLAVE(AK4440)
acknowledge
SCL FROM
MASTER
2
1
8
9
S
clock pulse for
acknowledgement
START
CONDITION
Figure 27. Acknowledge on the I2C-bus
SDA
SCL
data line
stable;
data valid
change
of data
allowed
Figure 28. Bit transfer on the I2C-bus
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 23 -
[AK4440]
■ Register Map
Addr
00H
01H
02H
03H
Register Name
Control 1
Control 2
Power Down Control
DEM Control
D7
ACKS
RRST
0
0
D6
TDM1
0
0
0
D5
TDM0
SLOW
0
0
D4
DIF2
DFS1
0
0
D3
DIF1
DFS0
PW4
DEMA
D2
DIF0
DEM1
PW3
DEMB
D1
0
DEM0
PW2
DEMC
D0
RSTN
SMUTE
PW1
DEMD
Note: For addresses from 04H to 1FH, data must not be written.
Do not write the registers within 10msec after the power supplies are fed.
All data can be written to the registers even if PW1-4 and RSTN bits are “0”.
When RSTN bit goes to “0”, only internal timing is reset, and the registers are not initialized to their default
values.
■ Register Definitions
Addr
00H
Register Name
Control 1
Default
D7
ACKS
D6
TDM1
D5
TDM0
D4
DIF2
D3
DIF1
D2
DIF0
D1
0
D0
RSTN
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
RSTN: Internal timing reset
0: Reset. Any registers are not initialized.
1: Normal operation
DIF2-0: Audio data interface modes (Table 8)
Default: “010”
TDM0-1: TDM Mode Select
Mode
Normal
TDM256
TDM128
TDM1
0
0
1
TDM0
0
1
1
BICK
32fs∼
256fs fixed
128fs fixed
SDTI
1-4
1
1-2
Sampling Speed
Normal, Double, Quad Speed
Normal Speed
Normal, Double Speed
ACKS: Master Clock Frequency Auto Setting Mode Enable
0: Disable, Manual Setting Mode
1: Enable, Auto Setting Mode
Master clock frequency is detected automatically at ACKS bit “1”. In this case, the setting of DFS1-0
bits is ignored. When this bit is “0”, DFS1-0 bits set the sampling speed mode.
Addr
01H
Register Name
Control 2
Default
D7
RRST
0
D6
0
0
D5
SLOW
D4
DFS1
D3
DFS0
D2
DEM1
D1
DEM0
D0
SMUTE
0
0
0
0
1
0
SMUTE: Soft Mute Enable
0: Normal operation
1: DAC outputs soft-muted
DEM1-0: De-emphasis Response (Table 9, Table 10)
Default: “01”, OFF
DFS1-0: Sampling speed control (Table 1)
00: Normal speed
01: Double speed
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 24 -
[AK4440]
10: Quad speed
When changing between Normal/Double Speed Mode and Quad Speed Mode, some click noise occurs.
SLOW: Slow Roll-off Filter Enable
0: Sharp Roll-off Filter
1: Slow Roll-off Filter
RRST: All registers are initialized.
0: Normal Operation
1: Reset. All registers are initialized.
Addr
02H
Register Name
Power Down Control
Default
D7
0
0
D6
0
0
D5
0
0
D4
0
0
D3
PW4
1
D2
PW3
1
D1
PW2
1
D0
PW1
1
D4
0
0
D3
DEMA
0
D2
DEMB
0
D1
DEMC
0
D0
DEMD
0
PW4-1: Power-down control (0: Power-down, 1: Power-up)
PW1: Power down control of DAC1
PW2: Power down control of DAC2
PW3: Power down control of DAC3
PW4: Power down control of DAC4
Addr
03H
Register Name
DEM Control
Default
D7
0
0
D6
0
0
D5
0
0
DEMA-D: De-emphasis Enable bit of DAC1/2/3/4
0: Disable
1: Enable
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 25 -
[AK4440]
SYSTEM DESIGN
Figure 29 and Figure 30 show the system connection diagram. The evaluation board (AKD4440) demonstrates
application circuits, the optimum layout, power supply arrangements and measurement results.
0.1u 10u
Master Clock
1
MCLK
VDD
30
VSS2
29
Analog 5V
+
64fs
2
BICK
24bit Audio Data
3
SDTI1
CP
28
fs
4
LRCK
CN
27
5
TEST
VEE
26
6
SMUTE
LOUT1
25
L1ch Out
+
1u (1)
ModeSetting
AK4440
+
1u (1)
ACKS
ROUT1
24
R1ch Out
8
DIF0
LOUT2
23
L2ch Out
24bit Audio Data
9
SDTI2
ROUT2
22
R2ch Out
24bit Audio Data
10
SDTI3
LOUT3
21
L3ch Out
24bit Audio Data
11
SDTI4
ROUT3
20
R3ch Out
12
ModeSetting
7
TDM0B
LOUT4
19
L4ch Out
13
DEM0
ROUT4
18
R4ch Out
14
DEM1
VSS1
17
P/S
AVDD
16
15
Digital Ground
+
Analog 5V
0.1u 10u
Analog Ground
Figure 29. Typical Connection Diagram (Parallel Control Mode)
Notes:
- LRCK = fs, BICK = 64fs.
- When AOUT drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between AOUT and
capacitive load.
- The capacitor of low ESR should be used to the capacitor (1). When it uses the capacitor with the polarity, the
positive pole of the capacitor should be connected to CP pin and VSS2 pin.
- All input pins except for the P/S pin should not be left floating.
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 26 -
[AK4440]
0.1u 10u
Master Clock
1
Analog 5V
MCLK
VDD
30
64fs
2
BICK
VSS2
29
24bit Audio Data
3
SDTI1
CP
28
fs
4
LRCK
CN
27
5
TEST
VEE
26
6
CSN
LOUT1
25
L1ch Out
+
+
1u (1)
Microcontroller
AK4440
+
1u (1)
7
CCLK
ROUT1
24
R1ch Out
8
CDTI
LOUT2
23
L2ch Out
24bit Audio Data
9
SDTI2
ROUT2
22
R2ch Out
24bit Audio Data
10
SDTI3
LOUT3
21
L3ch Out
11
SDTI4
ROUT3
20
R3ch Out
L4ch Out
R4ch Out
24bit Audio Data
12
TDM0B
LOUT4
19
13
DEM0
ROUT4
18
14
I2C
VSS1
17
15
P/S
AVDD
16
+
0.1u
Digital Ground
Analog 5V
10u
Analog Ground
Figure 30. Typical Connection Diagram (3-wire Serial Control Mode)
Notes:
- LRCK = fs, BICK = 64fs.
- When AOUT drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between AOUT and
capacitive load.
- The capacitor of low ESR should be used to the capacitor (1). When it uses the capacitor with the polarity, the
positive pole of the capacitor should be connected to CP pin and VSS2 pin.
- All input pins except for the P/S pin should not be left floating.
MS1088-E-01
2011/03
- 27 -
[AK4440]
1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling
VDD and AVDD are supplied from the analog supply and should be separated from the system digital supply.
Decoupling capacitors, especially 0.1μF ceramic capacitors for high frequency bypass, should be placed as near to
VDD and AVDD as possible. The VSS1 and VSS2 must be connected to the same analog ground plane. Power-up
sequence between VDD and AVDD is not critical.
2. Analog Outputs
The analog outputs are single-ended and centered around the VSS (ground) voltage. The output signal range is typically
2.12Vrms (typ @AVDD=5V). The internal switched-capacitor filter (SCF) and continuous-time filter (CTF) attenuate
the noise generated by the delta-sigma modulator beyond the audio passband. Using single a 1st-order LPF (Figure 31)
can reduce noise beyond the audio passband.
The output voltage is a positive full scale for 7FFFFFH (@24bit data) and a negative full scale for 800000H (@24bit
data). The ideal output is 0V (VSS) voltage for 000000H (@24bit data). The DC offset is ±60mV or less.
AK4440
560
Analog
Out
AOUT
2.12Vrms (typ)
3.3nF
(fc = 86.1kHz, gain = -0.85dB @ 40kHz, gain = -2.70dB @ 80kHz)
Figure 31. External 1st order LPF Circuit Example1
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[AK4440]
PACKAGE
30pin VSOP (Unit: mm)
1.5MAX
*9.7±0.1
0.3
30
16
15
1
0.22±0.1
7.6±0.2
5.6±0.1
A
0.15 +0.10
-0.05
0.65
0.12 M
0.45±0.2
+0.10
0.08
0.10 -0.05
1.2±0.10
Detail A
NOTE: Dimension "*" does not include mold flash.
■ Package & Lead frame material
Package molding compound:
Lead frame material:
Lead frame surface treatment:
Epoxy, Halogen (bromine and chlorine) free
Cu
Solder (Pb free) plate
RoHS Compliance
*All integrated circuits form Asahi Kasei Microdevices Corporation (AKM) assembled in “lead-free”
packages are fully compliant with RoHS.
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[AK4440]
MARKING
AKM
AK4440EF
XXXBYYYYC
XXXBYYYYC
Date code identifier
XXXB: Lot number (X: Digit number, B: Alpha character)
YYYYC: Assembly date (Y: Digit number, C: Alpha character)
REVISION HISTORY
Date (YY/MM/DD)
09/10/15
11/03/01
Revision
00
01
Reason
First Edition
Error Correction
Page
Contents
28
1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling
The description was changed.
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[AK4440]
IMPORTANT NOTICE
z These products and their specifications are subject to change without notice.
When you consider any use or application of these products, please make inquiries the sales office of Asahi Kasei
Microdevices Corporation (AKM) or authorized distributors as to current status of the products.
z Descriptions of external circuits, application circuits, software and other related information contained in this
document are provided only to illustrate the operation and application examples of the semiconductor products.
You are fully responsible for the incorporation of these external circuits, application circuits, software and other
related information in the design of your equipments. AKM assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by
you or third parties arising from the use of these information herein. AKM assumes no liability for infringement of
any patent, intellectual property, or other rights in the application or use of such information contained herein.
z Any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export license or other official
approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining to customs and tariffs, currency
exchange, or strategic materials.
z AKM products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical componentsNote1) in any safety, life support, or
other hazard related device or systemNote2), and AKM assumes no responsibility for such use, except for the use
approved with the express written consent by Representative Director of AKM. As used here:
Note1) A critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to
result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or system
containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and reliability.
Note2) A hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance of
safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its failure to
function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant injury or damage to
person or property.
z It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of AKM products, who distributes, disposes of, or otherwise
places the product with a third party, to notify such third party in advance of the above content and conditions, and
the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability for and hold AKM harmless from
any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the absence of such notification.
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