Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■OVERVIEW The AA18375AP is a two-channel PWM DC-DC converter control IC that features low-voltage operation. This IC can obtain the step-up, step-down and inverting voltages with a small number of external components. Because the IC is compactly packaged, it is best suited for use as a power supply in portable equipment. ■FEATURES • Wide supply voltage range: 3.6 V to 15 V • Low current consumption: 1.3 mA typical • Control in a wide output frequency range is possible (1 kHz to 500 kHz). • Timer latch, short-circuit protection circuit is built in. • Circuit to prevent malfunction during low input voltage is built in. • Built-in reference voltage (1.28V) output pin. • Dead time period is adjustable over the whole range of duty ratio. • Synchronization operation is possible. ■PIN Configuration (TOP VIEW) CT 1 16 VREF RT 2 15 SCP +IN1 3 14 +IN2 -IN1 4 13 -IN2 FB1 5 12 FB2 D.T.C.1 6 11 D.T.C.2 OUT1 7 10 OUT2 GND 8 9 VCC ■APPLICATIONS • LCD Displays • PDAs • Digital Still Cameras • Hand-held and portable instruments ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 1 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 AA18375AP Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY Switching Regulator Controller ■PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pin No. Symbol I/O 1 CT 2 RT 3 +IN1 4 -IN1 5 FB1 6 D.T.C.1 7 OUT1 8 GND Description Pin No. Symbol Pin for oscillation capacitor connection Pin for oscillation timing resistor — connection Error amplifier 1 block I non-inverting input pin Error amplifier 1 block inverting I input pin Output pin of error amplifier 1 O block PWM1 block dead-time setting I pin Output1 block push-pull type O output pin — — Ground pin I/O Description 9 VCC I IC power supply pin 10 OUT2 O Output2 block push-pull type output pin 11 D.T.C.2 I PWM2 block dead-time setting pin 12 FB2 O Output pin of error amplifier 2 block 13 -IN2 I Error amplifier 2 block inverting input pin 14 +IN2 I 15 SCP — 16 VREF O Error amplifier 2 block non-inverting input pin Soft start and short circuit protection setting capacitor connection pin Reference voltage output pin ■ BLOCK DIAGRAM Vcc 9 VREF 16 1.28V CT 1 Reference Voltage Supply 2.5V 1.9V Triangular wave Oscillator 1.3V PWM Comp 1 + _ _ Error Amp 1 +IN1 3 + -IN1 4 - + + _ OUTPUT 1 7 S.C.P.Comp PWM Comp 2 FB1 5 FB2 12 RT 2 + _ _ 1.1V OUTPUT 2 10 Error Amp 2 +IN2 14 + -IN2 13 1.28V 2.5V 0.9V SCP 15 0.9V R R S SET CLR Latch U.V.L.O Q Q + + _ D.T.C. Comp 1.8V 8 GND ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 6 11 D.T.C. 1 D.T.C. 2 2 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING (Ta = +25 ° C) Parameter Symbol Power Supply Voltage Rating Condition Unit Min Max VCC - - 18 V Error Amp. Input Voltage VI - -0.3 +10 V Collector Output Voltage VO - - 18 V Collector Output Current IO - - 75 mA Power Dissipation PD Ta ≤ +25°C - *430 mW Operating Temperature TOP - -30 +85 °C Storage temperature Tstg - -55 +125 °C *: The packages are mounted on the epoxy board (4 cm x 4 cm x 1.5 mm). ■ RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Parameter Value Symbol Unit Min Typ Max VCC 3.6 6.0 15 V Error Amp. Input Voltage VI -0.2 – 1.45 V Collector Output Voltage VO – – 15 V Collector Output Current IO 0.3 – 50 mA Phase Compensation Capacitor CP – 0.1 – µ F Timing Capacitor CT 150 – 15000 pF Timing Resistor RT 5.1 – 100 kΩ Oscillator Frequency fOSC 1 – 500 kHz Reference Voltage Output Current IREF –3 –1 – mA Operating Temperature TOP –30 25 85 °C Power Supply Voltage WARNING: The recommended operating conditions are required in order to ensure the normal operation of the semiconductor device. All of the device’s electrical characteristics are warranted when the device is operated within these ranges. ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 3 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter Reference Section Under Voltage Lockout Protection Section Protection Circuit Section Triangular Waveform Oscillator Section condition (Ta = +25 °C, VCC = 6 V) Value Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Output Voltage IOR = − 1 mA VREF 1.26 1.28 1.30 V Output Temp. Stability Ta = − 30 ° C to +85 ° C VRTC –2 ±0.2 2 % Input Stability VCC = 3.6 V to 15 V Line – 2 10 mV Load Stability IOR = − 0.1 mA to − 1 mA Load – 1 7.5 mV Short Circuit Output Current VREF = 0 V IOS – –30 –10 mA IOR = − 0.1 mA VtH – 2.72 – V IOR = − 0.1 mA VtL – 2.60 – V IOR = − 0.1 mA VHYS 80 120 – mV Threshold Voltage Hysteresis Width Reset Voltage (VCC) – VR 1.5 1.9 – V Input Threshold Voltage – VtPC 0.60 0.65 0.7 V Input Stand by Voltage No pull up VSTB – 50 100 mV Input Latch Voltage No pull up VI – 50 100 mV Ibpc –1.4 –1.0 –0.6 µ A Input Source Current – Comparator Threshold Voltage Pin 5, Pin 12 VtC – 1.1 – V Oscillator Frequency CT = 330 pF, RT = 15 kΩ fOSC – 200 – kHz Frequency Deviation CT = 330 pF, RT = 15 kΩ fdev – 10 – % Frequency Stability (VCC) VCC = 3.6 V to 15 V fdV – 1 – % Frequency Stability (Ta) Ta = − 30 ° C to +85 ° C fdT –4 – 4 % Input Threshold Voltage Duty Cycle = 0 % Vt0 – 1.0 VREF −0.15 V Vt100 0.2 0.4 – V Ibdt – –0.2 –1 µ A – –150 –80 µ A – – V Dead-Time (fOSC = 10 kHz) Control Input Bias Current Section Duty Cycle = 100 % – Latch Mode Source Current Vdt = 0.7 V Idt Latch Input Voltage Idt = − 40 µ A Vdt VO = 1.6 V VIO –10 – +10 mV VO = 1.6 V IIO –100 – +100 nA Input Bias Current VO = 1.6 V IB –500 –100 – nA Common Mode Input Voltage Range VCC = 3.6 V to 15 V VICR –0.2 – +1.45 V AV 84 120 – V/V BW – 3 – MHz Error Amp. Input Offset Voltage Section Input Offset Current Voltage Gain Frequency Band Width ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. AV = − 3 dB 4 VREF−0.1 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY Switching Regulator Controller Common Mode Rejection Ratio Max Output Voltage Width CMRR 60 80 – dB VOM+ 2.2 2.4 – V VOM – 0.7 0.9 V Output Sink Current VO = 1.6 V IOM+ 24 50 – µ A Output Source Current VO = 1.6 V IOM – –1.2 –0.7 mA Input Threshold Voltage (fOSC=10 kHz) Duty Cycle = 0 % Vt0 – 1.9 2.1 V Vt100 1.05 1.3 – V Pin 5, Pin 12 = 1.6 V IIN+ 24 50 – µ A Input Source Current Pin 5, Pin 12 = 1.6 V IIN – –1.2 –0.7 mA Output Leak Current VO = 15 V Leak – – 10 µA VSAT – 1.1 1.4 V PWM Comparator Input Sink Current Section Output Section AA18375AP Duty Cycle = 100 % Output Saturation Voltage IO = 50 mA Stand by Current Output “OFF” ICCS – 1.3 1.8 mA Average Supply Current RT = 15 kΩ ICCa – 1.7 2.4 mA ■ TIMING DIAGRAM ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 5 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 6 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller 7 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ OPERATION DESCRIPTION 1. Reference voltage This block is composed of the band gap circuit, and outputs the temperature compensated 2.5 V reference from Vcc (pin 9) for use by internal circuits. A reference voltage of temperature compensated 1/2 Vref can be obtained to external circuit by Vref terminal (pin 16). 2. Oscillator The sawtooth-waveform-like triangular wave having a peak of approximately 1.9 V and a trough of approximately 1.3 V can be generated by connecting the timing capacitor CT (pin 1) and resistor RT (pin 2). The usable oscillation frequency is from 1 kHz to the maximum 500 KHz. The triangular wave is connected with the non-inverting input of PWM comparator for channel 1 side and channel 2 side within the IC inside. 3. Error amplifiers The output voltage of DC-DC converter is detected by the error-amplifier and the amplified signal is input to the PWM comparator. Also, it is possible to perform the gain setting and the phase compensation arbitrarily by connecting a resistor and a capacitor from the FB terminals (pins 5 and 12) to GND. The error amplifier output is internally connected to the inverting inputs of the PWM comparators and also to the short protection circuit. 4. Timer latch short protection circuit This circuit protects the external main switching devices, flywheel diodes, and choke coils, etc. from destruction or deterioration if overload or short-circuit condition of power supply output lasts for a certain time. The timer latch short-circuit protection circuit detects the output level of the error amplifier. If one or both error amplifier outputs are 1.1 V or lower, the low-level output is given and the timer circuit is actuated to start the charge of the external protection-enable capacitor. If the output level of the error amplifier does not drop below the normal voltage range before the capacitor voltage reaches the 1.19 V, it sets the latch circuit, and cuts off the output drive transistor, and sets the dead-time to 100%. 5. Under voltage lockout protection circuit This circuit protects the system from destruction or deterioration due to control malfunction when the supply voltage is low in the transient state of power on/off. The under voltage lockout protection circuit compares the internal reference voltage level with the supply voltage level. If the supply voltage level falls below the reference level it cuts off the output drive transistor, and sets the dead time to 100%. The protection enable terminal (pin 15) is pulled “Low”. 6. PWM comparator Each PWM comparator has two inverting inputs and one non-inverting input. This voltage-to-pulse-width converter controls the output pulse width according to the input voltage. The PWM comparator turns the output drive transistor on when the oscillator triangular waveform is higher than the error amplifier output and the dead time control terminal voltage. 7. Output drive transistor This output circuit is open-collector type. The available output current is up to 50 mA. The breakdown voltage of output terminal is 15V. ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 8 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 AA18375AP Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY Switching Regulator Controller ■ TEST CIRCUIT +IN2 15 16 4.7KΩ OUT2 CPE 1.28V VCC SW DTC2 INPUT FB2 TEST 14 4.7KΩ -IN2 13 12 11 10 9 6 7 8 OUT1 2 1 3 4 5 0.1uF +IN1 15KΩ 330pF -IN1 FB1 TEST DTC1 INPUT AA18375AP GND ■ TYPICAL APPLICATION EXAMPLE 820pF 10KΩ 2.3KΩ 0.1uF 33KΩ 1uF 33KΩ + 33KΩ 1 16 2 15 3 14 Vin (10V) Chopper Type Step Down/Inverting 0.1uF 4 AA18375AP 56uH 1.9KΩ 13 0.1uF 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 220uF 33KΩ - + 1uF 5.6KΩ + 330Ω 330Ω 470Ω 470Ω 120uH 9.1KΩ 220uF - + - + GND 9 120uH Vout+(+5V) Vout-(-5V) ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 220uF www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 AA18375AP Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY Switching Regulator Controller Vin (5V) Chopper Type Step Up/Inverting 820pF 2.3KΩ 16 2 15 3 14 4 0.1uF 33KΩ 1uF 1 0.1uF 10KΩ 33KΩ + 33KΩ AA18375AP 56uH 1.9KΩ 13 0.1uF 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 220uF 33KΩ - + 1uF 16KΩ + - 330Ω 330Ω 3.9KΩ 120uH 100Ω 120uH 9.1KΩ 220uF - + - + GND 820pF 2.3KΩ 0.1uF 33KΩ 33KΩ + 33KΩ 1uF + - 16 2 15 3 14 4 13 0.1uF 10KΩ 1uF 1 Vin (5V) Chopper Type Step Up/Inverting (For High Speed) Vout+(+12V) Vout-(-5V) 220uF AA18375AP 56uH 1.9KΩ 0.1uF 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 220uF 33KΩ - + 16KΩ 470Ω 470Ω 220Ω 470Ω 470Ω 33KΩ 330pF 220uF 220uF - + - + GND 10 Vout+(+12V) Vout-(-5V) ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 120uH 33KΩ 120uH 9.1KΩ 150Ω - 1uF + www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ HOW TO SET OUTPUT VOLTAGE The output voltage is set using the connection shown below. The error amplifiers are supplied to the internal reference voltage circuit as are the other internal circuits. The common-mode input voltage range is from − 0.2 V to +1.45 V. When the amplifiers are operated non-inverting, tie the inverting terminal to VREF≒1.28 V). When the amplifiers are operated inverting, tie the non-inverting terminal to ground. R2 Vo+ [=Vref X (1+R2/R1)] + - R1 PIN5 or PIN12 Vref R2 Vo- [= -Vref X (R2/R1)] - R1 + PIN5 or PIN12 Vref ■ HOW TO SET TIME CONSTANT FOR TIMER LATCH SHORT PROTECTION CIRCUIT If the load condition drastically changes due to a load short-circuit and if low-level signals (1.1 V or lower) are input to the non-inverting inputs of the short-circuit protection comparator from the error amplifiers, the short circuit protection comparator outputs a “Low” level. The protection enable terminal voltage is discharged, and then the short-circuit protection comparator charges the externally connected protection enable capacitor CPE according to the following formula: -6 VPE = 50 mV + tPE x 10 /CPE -6 0.65 = 50 mV + tPE x 10 /CPE CPE = tPE/0.6 (µ F) When the power supply is turned on, the output is considered to be short-circuited state so that the S.C.P. terminal voltage starts charging. It is necessary to set the external capacitor so as to start up the DC-DC converter output voltage before setting the latch circuit in the later stage. Especially, pay attention to the delay of the start-up time when applying the soft-start function. ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 11 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■ SYNCHRONIZATION OF ICs Multiple instances of this IC can be operated in parallel. If the CT and RT terminals are connected to each other as shown below, the ICs will operate at the same frequency. Instead of applying VRT to the RT terminals, these terminals can be pulled up by a resistor (see resistance indicated by the dashed line in). Select the pull-up resistance Rpull from the formula given below. Vcc 0.5 x N ≤ Rpull 16 15 Rpull: Pull up Resistor (kΩ) VCC: Power Supply Voltage (V) N: Number of Slave ICs 14 13 12 11 10 9 AA18375AP (MASTER) 1 2 3 Vcc 4 5 6 7 8 13 12 11 10 9 RT CT Rpull 16 15 14 AA18375AP (SLAVE) VRT 2V 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 7 8 AA18375AP (SLAVE) 1 ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 2 3 5 4 12 6 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 AA18375AP Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY Switching Regulator Controller ■PACKAGE AA18375AP - 16-pin Plastic TSSOP E1 E L C AA18375AP 12º(4X) A1 A A2 theta D SYMBOLS A A1 A2 b C D E E1 e L y theta DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS MIN NOM MAX --0.05 0.80 0.19 0.09 4.90 6.20 4.30 --0.45 --0° ----1.00 ----5.00 6.40 4.40 0.65 0.60 ----- e DIMENSIONS IN INCHES MIN NOM MAX --0.002 0.031 0.007 0.004 0.193 0.244 0.169 --0.018 --0° 1.20 0.15 1.05 0.30 0.20 5.10 6.60 4.50 --0.75 0.10 8° b ----0.039 ----0.197 0.252 0.173 0.026 0.024 ----- 0.048 0.006 0.041 0.012 0.008 0.201 0.260 0.177 --0.030 0.004 8° NOTE 1. PACKAGE BODY SIZES EXCLUDE MOLD FLASH PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS 2. TOLERANCE ±0.1 mm UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 3. COPLANARITY : 0.1 mm 4. CONTROLLING DIMENSION IS MILLIMETER. CONVERTED INCH DIMENSIONS ARE NOT NECESSARILY EXACT. 5. FOLLOWED FROM JEDEC MO-153 ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 13 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27 Agamem Microelectronics Inc. PRELIMINARY AA18375AP Switching Regulator Controller ■NOTES ON USE • The information described herein is subject to change without notice. • The specifications for the product described in this document are for reference only. Upon actual use, therefore, please request that specifications to be separately delivered. • The application circuit examples explain typical applications of the products, and do not guarantee the success of any specific mass-production design. • Application circuit diagrams and circuit constants contained herein are shown as examples of standard use and operation. Please pay careful attention to the peripheral conditions when designing circuits and deciding upon circuit constants in the set. • Take account of common impedance when designing the earth line on a printed wiring board. ©Copyright Agamem Microelectronics Inc. 14 www.agamem.com.tw 2006/6/27